2020届高考英语概要写作技巧讲解

高考英语概要写作技巧讲解

一、考点分析

（一）考查内容：

1、考查读懂文章内容的能力

2、考查识别作者写作目的的能力

3、考查归纳总结的能力

4、考查组织文章的能力

（二）评分要点

•1）字数50左右

•2）理解准确，涵盖全部要点

•3）准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇

•4）完全使用自己的语言

•5）有效使用语句间的连接成分，结构紧凑

二、专题详解

定义：

It is a brief, thorough and objective restatement of the main idea and key points of a longer composition.

读者在正确理解文章的基础上, 在不改变原文中心思想、

体裁和结构的前提下，用简明、精练的语句高度浓缩文章的主要内容和观点。

（三）写作方法Step 1.

确定体裁，明确主题

Step 2.

明确文章结构（总-分，总

-分-总，分-总，并列）Step 3. 划主题句与关键信息

Step 4. 写纲要，打草稿

Step 5. 润色成文

找准体裁，提炼要点

按体裁

语言：同义词&词组替换；句式简化；句子重构

①同义转换：近义词、同义词和词组的替换，尽量用单词替换短语

（例improve=promote, of great importance = greatly important）

②句式转换：简化句子结构（例如，定语从句改成分词作后置定语；状语从句改成非谓

语作状语；）

③句子重构：调整词类（名词、动词、形容词转换）、时态、语态（主动变被动）等

1)衔接（替换；省略；增加）：表逻辑关系的连接词

替换：并列关系and, moreover, furthermore, in addition,

转折关系but, instead, however, on the other hand

省略：并列观点有时可省略连接词;记叙文可省略衔接词。

增加：按逻辑关系，补充连接词firstly…, secondly…, finally…;

and…, moreover…, furthermore…; but, instead, however,

例（一）

_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____

_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____

_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____

_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____

_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____

Summary:

Chris, whose job is exciting and dangerous, works for MFS. Chris and other MFS’s doctors need to be ready to go almost anywhere in the world and might be sent on an emergency task. Christ thinks his job is meaningful/helpful and he gains a lot. （同义词转换）

Summary ：

People from countryside generally live longer than city people because they enjoy many advantages such as close with nature, physical work, being free from urban pressure, more free walk, quiet and peaceful environment, fresh food, etc. （句式改变）

Keys:

Windbreak, which is formed by trees and other plants, is used by farmers to protect their land from damage by farming and the forces of the nature. Windbreak can protect the crops and help improve grain production. However, windbreak should be planted properly to work its best.

练习

实战练习（一）

One hot night last August, I tried everything I could think of—a warm bottle, songs, etc. to make him fall into sleep, but he just couldn’t do it. Since I believed that a long night was waiting for me ahead, I had no choice but to bring a TV into his room to kill off the hours until dawn. I was surprised that the moment I turned on the TV, the baby became quiet right away and fixed his little eyes brightly on the screen. Not willing to waste an opportunity for sleep, I then tiptoed(用脚失走）out of the room, leaving him to watch the boring TV programs.

I heard no more of the baby’s crying that night and the next morning when I went into his room, I found him still watching TV by himself. I found there was a metaphor (暗喻) in my b aby’s behavior for the new generation. When I gave my boy some books to go over, he only spit upon them; when I read to him, he did not feel comfortable. So is it in the schools with my students. I find that our students don’t read and they look down upon reading and make light of those of us who teach it. All they want to do is to watch TV. After this experience with the baby, however, I have drawn a conclusion: “Let them watch it!” If television is much more attractive to children than books, why should we fight against it? Let them watch what they want!

Summary：

The writer tried everything to make her baby fall asleep but failed. Surprisingly, when she turned on the TV, the baby kept quiet himself. Then she found that her students liked watching TV as much as her baby. So the writer suggested that we should let children watch what they want.

实战练习（二）

More and more people like bicycling and it is no surprise. It is fun, healthy and good for the environment. Maybe that’s why there are 1.4 billion bicycles a nd only 400 million cars on roads worldwide today.

Bikes can take you almost anywhere, and there is no oil cost! Get on a bicycle and ride around your neighbourhood. You may discover something new all around you. Stopping and getting off a bike is easier than stopping and getting out of your car. You can bike to work and