英语二级笔译5月真题+答案解析

合集下载

5月英语二级笔译实务试题及参考答案1

人事部翻译资格证书（CATTI）2004年5月英语二级《笔译实务》试题及参考答案Section 1: English-Chinese Translation（英译汉）（60 point）This section consists of two parts: Part A "Compulsory Translation" and Part B "Optional Translations" which comprises "Topic 1" and "Topic 2". Translate the passage in Part A and your choice from passage in Part B into Chinese. Write "Compulsory Translation" above your translation of Part A and write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2" above your translation of the passage from Part B. The time for this section is 100 minutes.Part A Compulsory Translation （必译题）（30 points）The first outline of The Ascent of Man was written in July 1969and the last foot of film was shot in December 1972. An undertaking as large as this, though wonderfully exhilarating, is not entered lightly. It demands an unflagging intellectual and physical vigour, a total immersion, which I had to be sure that I could sustain with pleasure; for instance, I had to put off researches that I had already begun; and I ought to explain what moved me to do so.There has been a deep change in the temper of science in the last20 years: the focus of attention has shifted from the physical to the life sciences. As a result, science is drawn more and more to the study of individuality. But the interested spectator is hardly aware yet how far-reaching the effect is in changing the image of man that science moulds. As a mathematician trained in physics, I too would have been unaware, had not a series of lucky chances taken me into the life sciences in middle age. I owe a debt for the good fortune that carried me into two seminal fields of science in one lifetime; and though I do not know to whom the debt is due, I conceived The Ascent of Man in gratitude to repay it. The invitation to me from the British Broadcasting Corporation was to present the development of science in a series of television programmes to match those of Lord Clark on Civilisation. Television is an admirable medium- for exposition in several ways: powerful and immediate to the eye, able to take the spectator bodily into the places and processes that are described, and conversational enough to make him conscious that what he witnesses are not events but the actions of people. The last of these merits is to my mind the most cogent, and it weighed most with me in agreeing to cast a personal biography of ideas in the form of television essays. The point is that knowledge in general and science in particular does not consist of abstract but of man-made ideas, all the way from its beginnings to its modern and idiosyncratic models. Therefore the underlying concepts that unlock nature must be shown to arise early and in the simplest cultures of man from his basic and specific faculties. And the development of science which joins them in more and more complex conjunctions must be seen to be equally human: discoveries are made by men, not merely by minds, so that they are alive and charged with individuality. If television is not used to make these thoughts concrete, it is wasted.Part B Optional Translations （二选一题）（30 points）Topic 1 （选题一） It's not that we are afraid of seeing him stumble, of scribbling a mustache over his career. Sure, the nice part of us wants Mike to know we appreciate him, that he still reigns, at least in our memory. The truth, though, is that we don't want him to come back because even for Michael Jordan, this would be an act of hubris so monumental as to make his trademark confidence twistinto conceit. We don't want him back on the court because no one likes a show-off. The stumbling? That will be fun. But we are nice people, we Americans, with 225 years of optimism at our backs. Days ago when M.J. said he had made a decision about returning to the NBA in September, we got excited. He had said the day before, "I look forward to playing, and hopefully I can get to that point where I can make that decision. It's O.K., to have some doubt, and it's O.K. to have some nervousness." A Time/CNN poll last week has Americans, 2 to 1, saying they would like him on the court ASAP. And only 21 percent thought that if he came back and just completely bombed, it would damage his legend. In fact only 28 percent think athletes should retire at their peak. Sources close to him tell Time that when Jordan first talked about a comeback with the Washington Wizards, the team Jordan co-owns and would play for, some of his trusted advisers privately tried to discourage him. "But they say if they try to stop him, it will only firm up his resolve," says an NBA source. The problem with Jordan's return is not only that he can't possibly live up to the storybook ending he gave up in 1998 - earning his sixth ring with a last-second championship-winning shot. The problem is that the motives for coming back - needing the attention, needing to play even when his 38-year-old body does not - violate the very myth of Jordan, the myth of absolute control. Babe Ruth, the 20th century's first star, was a gust of fat bravado and drunken talent, while Jordan ended the century by proving the elegance of resolve; Babe's pointing to the bleachers replaced by the charm of a backpedaling shoulder shrug. Jordan symbolized success by not sullying his brand with his politics, his opinion or superstar personality. To be a Jordan fan was to be a fan of classiness and confidence. To come back when he knows that playing for Wizards won't get him anywhere near the second round of the play-offs, when he knows that he won't be the league scoring leader, that's a loss of control. Jordan does not care what we think. Friends say that he takes articles that tell him not to come back and tacks them all on his refrigerator as inspiration. So why bother writing something telling him not to come back? He is still Michael Jordan.Topic 2 （选题二） Even after I was too grown-up to play that game and too grown-up to tell my mother that I loved her, I still believed I was the best daughter. Didn't I run all the way up to the terrace to check on the drying mango pickles whenever she asked?As I entered my teens, it seemed that I was becoming an even better, more loving daughter. Didn't I drop whatever I was doing each afternoon to go to the corner grocery to pick up any spices my mother had run out of? My mother, on the other hand, seemed more and more unloving to me. Some days she positively resembled a witch as she threatened to pack me off to my second uncle's home in provincial Barddhaman - a fate worse than death to a cool Calcutta girl like me - if my grades didn't improve. Other days she would sit me down and tell me about "Girls Who Brought Shame to Their Families". There were apparently, a million ways in which one could do this, and my mother was determined that I should be cautioned against every one of them. On principle, she disapproved of everything I wanted to do, from going to study in America to perming my hair, and her favorite phrase was "over my dead body." It was clear that I loved her far more than she loved me - that is, if she loved me at all. After I finished graduate school in America and got married, my relationship with my mother improved a great deal. Though occasionally dubious about my choice of a writing career, overall she thought I'd shaped up nicely. I thought the same about her. We established a rhythm: She'd write from India and give me all the gossip and send care packages with my favorite kind of mango pickle; I'd call her from the United States and tell her all the things I'd been up to and send care packages with instant vanilla pudding, for which she'd developed a great fondness. We loved each other equally - or so I believed until my first son, Anand, was born. My son's birth shook up my neat, organized, in-control adult existence in ways I hadn't imagined. I went through six weeks of being shrouded in an exhausted fog of postpartum depression. As my husband and I walked our wailing baby up and down through the night, and I seriously contemplated going AWOL, I wondered if I was cut out to be a mother at all. And mother love - what was that all about? Then one morning, as I was changing yet another diaper, Anand grinned up at me with his toothless gums. Hmm, I thought. This little brown scrawny thing is kind of cute after all. Things progressed rapidly from there. Before I knew it, I'd moved the extra bed into the baby's room and was spending many nights on it, bonding with my son.Section 2: Chinese- English Translation（汉译英）（40 point）This section consists of two parts: Part A "Compulsory Translation" and Part B "Optional Translations" which comprises "Topic 1" and "Topic 2".Translation the passage in Part A and your choice from passage in Part B into English. Write "Compulsory Translation" above your translation of Part A and write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2" above your translation of the passage from Part B. The time for this section is 80 minutes.Part A Compulsory Translation （必译题）（30 points）奥林匹克运动的生命力和非凡魅力在于在奥林匹克运动中居核心地位的奥林匹克精神。

5月翻译资格考题二级英语笔译实务试卷及答案

2006年5月翻译资格考题二级英语笔译实务试卷及解答第一部分英译汉必译题For all the natural and man-made disasters of the past year, travelers seem more determined than ever to leave home.Never mind the tsunami devastation in Asia last December, the recent earthquake in Kashmir or the suicide bombings this year in London and Bali, among other places on or off the tourist trail. The number of leisure travelers visiting tourist destinations hit by trouble has in some cases bounced back to a level higher than before disaster struck."This new fast recovery of tourism we are observing is kind of strange," said John Koldowski, director for the Strategic Intelligence Center of the Bangkok-based Pacific Asia Travel Association. "It makes you think about the adage that any publicity is good publicity."It is still too soon to compile year-on-year statistics for the disasters of the past 12 months,but travel industry experts say that the broad trends are already clear. Leisure travel isexpected to increase by nearly 5 percent this year, according to the World Tourism and Travel Council.Tourism and travel now seem to bounce back faster and higher each time there is an event of this sort," said Ufi Ibrahim, vice president of the London-based World Tourism and Travel Council. For London, where suicide bombers killed 56 and wounded 700 on July 8, she said, "It was almost as if people who stayed away after the bomb attack then decided to come back twice."Early indicators show that the same holds true for other disaster-struck destinations. Statistics compiled by the Pacific Asia Travel Association, for example, show that monthly visitor arrivals in Sri Lanka, where the Dec. 26, 2004, tsunami left more than 30,000 people dead or missing, were higher than one year earlier for every month from March through August of this year.A case commonly cited by travel professionals as an early example of the trend is Bali, where 202 people were killed in bombings targeting Western tourists in October 2002. Visitor arrivals plunged to 993,000 for the year after the bombing, but bounced back to 1.46 million in 2004, a level higher than the two years before the bomb, according to the Pacific Asia Travel Association.Even among Australians, who suffered the worst casualties in the Bali bombings, the number of Bali-bound visitors bounced back within two years to the highest level since 1998, according the Pacific Asia Travel Association.Bali was hit again this year by suicide bombers who killed 19 people in explosions at three restaurants.Visits are also on the upswing to post-tsunami Thailand, where the giant waves killed 5,400 and left more than 5,000 missing.Although the tsunami killed more than 500 Swedes on the Thai resort island of Phuket, thelargest number of any foreign nationality to die, Swedes are returning to the island in largernumbers than last year, according to My Travel Sweden, a Stockholm-based group that sends600,000 tourists overseas annually and claims a 28 percent market share for Sweden."We were confident that Thailand would eventually bounce back as a destination, but we didn"t think that this year it would come back even stronger than last year," said Joakim Eriksson, director of communication for My Travel Sweden. "We were very surprised because we really expected a significant decline."Eriksson said My Travel now expects a 5 percent increase in visitors to both Thailand andSri Lanka this season compared with the same season last year. This behavior is a sharp changefrom the patterns of the 1990s, Eriksson said."During the first Gulf war we saw a sharp drop in travel as a whole, and the same after Sept. 11," Eriksson said. "Now the main impact of terrorism or disasters is a change in destination."参照译文：尽管过去的一年天灾人祸不断，但这丝毫没有影响人们出游的兴致，出游意愿空前高涨。

2022年5月英语翻译资格考试(笔译)真题及答案

2022年5月英语翻译资格考试(笔译)真题及答案试题部分：Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (英译汉) Translate the following passage into Chinese.NARSAQ, Greenland — as icebergs in the Kayak Harbor pop and hiss while melting away, this remote Arctic town and its culture are also disappearing in a changing climate.Narsaq’s largest employer, a shrimp factory, closed a few years ago after the crustaceans fled north to cooler water. Where once there were eight commercial fishing vessels, there is now one.As a result, the populatio n here, one of southern Greenland’s major towns, has been halved to 1,500 in just a decade. Suicides are up.“Fishing is the heart of this town,〞said Hans Kaspersen, 63, a fisherman. “Lots of people have lost their livelihoods.〞But even as warming temperatures are upending traditional Greenlandic life, they are also offering up intriguing new opportunities for this state of 57,000 —perhaps nowhere more so than here in Narsaq.Vast new deposits of minerals and gems are being discovered as Greenland’s massive ice cap recedes, forming the basis of a potentially lucrative mining industry. One of the world’s lar gest deposits of rare earth metals —essential for manufacturing cellphones, wind turbines and electric cars — sits just outside Narsaq. It has long been known that Greenland sat upon vast mineral lodes, and the Danish government has mapped them intermitt ently for decades. Niels Bohr, Denmark’s Nobel Prize-winning nuclear physicist and a member of the Manhattan Project, visited Narsaq in 1957 because of its uranium deposits.But previous attempts at mining mostly failed, proving too expensive in the inclement conditions. Now, warming has altered the equation.Greenland’s Bureau of Minerals and Petroleum, charged with managing the boom, currently has 150 active licenses for mineral exploration, up from 20 a decade ago. Altogether, companies spent $100 mi llion exploring Greenland’s deposits last year, and several are applying for licenses to begin construction on new mines, bearing gold, iron and zinc and rare earths. There are also foreign companies exploring for offshore oil.The Black Angel lead and zinc mine, which closed in 1990, is applying to reopen thisyear, said Jorgen T.Hammeken-Holm, who oversees licensing at the country’s mining bureau, “because the ice is in retreat and you’re getting much more to explore.〞The Greenlandic government hopes that mining will provide new revenue. In granting Greenland home rule in 2022, Denmark froze its annual subsidy, which is scheduled to be decreased further in the coming years.Here in Narsaq, a collection of brightly painted homes bordered by spectacular fjords, two foreign companies are applying to the government for permission to mine.That proximity promises employment, and the company is already schooling some young men in drilling and in English, the international language of mine operations. It plans to build a processing plant, a new port and more roads. (Greenland currently has none outside of settled areas.) Narsaq’s tiny airport, previously threatened with closure from lack of traffic, could be expanded. A local landlord is contemplating converting an abandoned apartment block into a hotel.“There will be a lot of people coming from outside and that will be a big challenge since Greenlandic culture has been isolated,〞said Jasper Schroder, a student home in Narsaq from university in Denmark.Still, he supports the mine and hopes it will provide jobs and stem the rash of suicides, particularly among his peers; Greenland has one of the highest suicide rates in the world. “People in this culture don’t want to be a burden to their families if they can’t contribute,〞he said.But not all are co nvinced of the benefits of mining. “Of course the mine will help the local economy and will help Greenland, but I’m not so sure if it will be good for us,〞said Dorothea Rodgaard, who runs a local guesthouse. “We are worried about the loss of nature.〞Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (汉译英) Translate the following passage into English.中华民族历经磨难，自强不息，从未放弃对美妙梦想的向往和追求。

英语翻译二级笔译实务真题2018年5月及答案解析

英语翻译二级笔译实务真题2018年5月及答案解析(1/2)Section ⅠEnglish-Chinese TranslationTranslate the following two passages into Chinese.Part A Compulsory Translation第1题At one of the better colleges in India´s capital, there is just one large room for 140 faculty members to sit and have a cup of tea or grade papers. "If even half show up, there aren´t enough chairs," said Amin, a history professor there. "There is no other place to work. In this situation, how do you expect teachers to work?"The lack of amenities for faculty members is not the only issue. After 30 years at Mary College, which is one of dozens administered by the University of Delhi, Ms. Amin makes the equivalent of $22,000 a year - less than half of what some of her better students will make in their first jobs. New opportunities offer not just more money for graduates but also mobility and flexibility, which are virtually unheard of for faculty at most of India´s colleges and universities.All this means that India is facing a severe shortage of faculty members. But it is not just low pay and lack of facilities that are being blamed. According to a government report published last year, a massive expansion in higher education combined with a poor supply of PhD´s, delays in recruitment and the lack of incentives to attract and nurture talent has led to a situation in which 40 percent of existing faculty positions remain vacant. The report´s authors, mostly academics, found that if the shortfall is calculated using the class size recommended by the government, this figure jumps to 54 percent.Experts say this is the clearest sign that India will fail to meet the goal set by the education minister, who has pledged to more than double the size of the country´s higher education system by 2020. They say that while the ambition is laudable, the absence of a long-term strategy to develop faculty will ensure that India´s education dream remains just that.Mr. Balakrishnan of Indian institute of technology in Delhi, meanwhile, was more optimistic. He felt India could enroll as much as 25 percent of eligible students in colleges and universities - about twice the current figure - by the end of this decade. "Tangible changes are happening," he said. "The debate that has happened in the last few years has taken people out of their comfort zones. There is more consensus across the board that we need to scale quality education."_____________下一题(2/2)Section ⅠEnglish-Chinese TranslationTranslate the following two passages into Chinese.Part A Compulsory Translation第2题Millions of tourists come here every year to visit the ancient ruins of Angkor Wat, an influx that has helped transform what once resembled a small, laid-back village into a thriving and cosmopolitan town with thumping nightlife and more than 10,000 hotel rooms.But the explosion of the tourism industry here has also done something less predictable. Siem Reap, which had no universities a de cade ago, is now Cambodia’s second-largest hub for higher education, after the capital, Phnom Penh. The sons and daughters of impoverished rice farmers flock here to work as tour guides, receptionists, bartenders and waitresses.When their shifts are o ver, they study finance, English and accounting.“ The establishment offive private universities here is helping to transform the work force in this part of Cambodia.Employers say that English proficiency is rising and that workers who attend universities stand out for their ability to express themselves and make decisions.A generation of students who would otherwise have had little hope to study beyond high school are enduring grueling schedules to get a degree and pursue their dreams.Khim Borin, a 26-year-old tour guide by day and law student by night, says he wants to become a lawyer. But he sometimes has trouble staying awake in class during the high tourist season, when he spends hours scaling vertiginous temple steps and baking in the tropical sun. There was no master plan for work and study life. It was driven largely by supply and demand: universities opened to cater to the dreams of Cambodia’s youth; and the freedom of time provided for the rhythm of the peak season.After graduation, students who work and study at the same time often have an edge over fresh graduates who have never worked before, for whom starting a career can be difficult, Ms. Chan and others say. University students are “more communicative,” she said. “If they don’t like so mething, they speak out.” Ms. Chan and others say they are lucky that Angkor’s temples have proved so popular with tourists. If it were not for the sandstone structures nestled in the jungles, Siem Reap would probably have remained a backwater. Last year, 3.3 million tourists visited Siem Reap, half of them foreigners, according to the Cambodian Ministry of Tourism._____________ 上一题下一题(1/2)Section ⅡChinese-English TranslationTranslate the following two passages into English.Part A Compulsory Translation第3题2000多年前，亚欧大陆上勤劳勇敢的人民，探索出多条连接亚欧非几大文明的贸易和人文交流通路，后人将其统称为“丝绸之路”。

翻译二级笔译实务2005年05月

2005年5月英语二级《笔译实务》试题Section 1: English-Chinese T ranslation (英译汉) (60 points)This section consists of two parts: Part A "Compulsory Translation" and Part B "Optional Translation" which comprises "Topic 1" and "Topic 2". Translate the passage in Part A and your choice from passages in Part B into Chinese. Write "Compulsory Translation" above your translation of Part A and write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2" above your translation of the passage from Part B. The time for this section is 100 minutes.Part A Compulsory T ranslation (必译题) (30 points)It was one of those days that the peasant fishermen on this tributary of the Amazon River dream about.With water levels falling rapidly at the peak of the dry season, a giant school of bass, a tasty fish that fetches a good price at markets, was swimming right into the nets being cast from a dozen small canoes here."With a bit of luck, you can make $350 on a day like this," Lauro Souza Almeida, a leader of the local fishermen's cooperative, exulted as he moved into position. "That is a fortune for people like us," he said, the equivalent of four months at the minimum wage earned by those fortunate enough to find work.But hovering nearby was a large commercial fishing vessel, a "mother boat" equipped with large ice chests for storage and hauling more than a dozen smaller craft. The crew on board was just waiting for the remainder of the fish to move into the river's main channel, where they intended to scoop up as many as they could with their efficient gill nets.A symbol of abundance to the rest of the world, the Amazon is experiencing a crisis of overfishing. As stocks of the most popular species diminish to worrisome levels, tensions are growing between subsistence fishermen and their commercial rivals, who are eager to enrich their bottom line and satisfy the growing appetite for fish of city-dwellers in Brazil and abroad.In response, peasants up and down the Amazon, here in Brazil and in neighboring countries like Peru, are forming cooperatives to control fish catches and restock their rivers and lakes. But that effort, increasingly successful, has only encouraged the commercial fishing operations, as well as some of the peasants' less disciplined neighbors, to step up their depredations."The industrial fishing boats, the big 20-to 30-ton vessels, they have a different mentality than us artisanal fishermen, who have learned to take the protection of the environment into account," said the president of the local fishermen's union. "They want to sweep everything up with their dragnets and then move on, benefiting from our work and sacrifice and leaving us with nothing."Part B Optional T ranslations (二选一题) (30 points)T opic 1 (选题一)Ever since the economist David Ricardo offered the basic theory in 1817, economic scripture has taught that open trade—free of tariffs, quotas, subsidies or other government distortions—improves the well-being of both parties. U.S. policy has implemented this doctrine with a vengeance. Why is free trade said to be universally beneficial? The answer is a doctrine called "comparative advantage".Here's a simple analogy. If a surgeon is highly skilled both at doing operations and per forming routine blood tests, it's more efficient for the surgeon to concentrate on the surgery and pay a less efficient technician to do the tests, since that allows the surgeon to make the most efficient use of her own time.By extension, even if the United States is efficient both at inventing advanced biotechnologies and at the routine manufacture of medicines, it makes sense for the United States to let the production work migrate to countries that can make the stuff more cheaply. Americans get the benefit of the cheaper products and get to spend their resources on even more valuable pursuits. That, anyway, has always been the premise. But here Samuelson dissents. What if the lower wage country also captures the advanced industry?If enough higher-paying jobs are lost by American workers to outsourcing, he calculates, then the gain from the cheaper prices may not compensate for the loss in U.S. purchasing power."Free trade is not always a win-win situation," Samuelson concludes. It is particularly a problem, he says, ina world where large countries with far lower wages, like India and China, are increasingly able to make almost any product or offer almost any service performed in the United States.If America trades freely with them, then the powerful drag of their far lower wages will begin dragging down U.S. average wages. The U.S. economy may still grow, he calculates, but at a lower rate than it otherwise would have.T opic 2 (选题一)Uganda's eagerness for genuine development is reflected in its schoolchildren's smiles and in the fact that so many children are now going to school. Since 1997, when the government began to provide universal primary education, total primary enrollment had risen from 3 million to 7.6 million in 2004. Schools have opened where none existed before, although there is some way to go in reaching the poorest areas of the country.Uganda has also made strides in secondary and higher education, to the point that it is attracting many students from other countries. At the secondary level, enrollment is above 700,000, with the private sector providing the majority of schools. For those who want to take their education further, there are 12 private universities in addition to the four publicly funded institutions, together providing 75,000 places.Education is seen as a vital component in the fight against poverty. The battle for better health is another, although it is one that will take longer to win in a country that carries a high burden of disease, including malaria and AIDS. Here, the solutions can only arise from a combination of international support and government determination to continue spending public money on preventive care and better public health information.Current government plans include recruiting thousands of nurses, increasing the availability of drugs and building 200 new maternity units.Uganda's high rate of population growth, at 3.6 percent per annum, poses a special challenge in the fight against poverty, says Finance Minister Gerald Ssendaula, who points out that the fertility rate, at 6.9 children per female, is the highest in Africa.The government's newly revised Poverty Eradication Action Plan (PEAP) puts the "restoration of security" at the top of the current government agenda. This is because it estimates that Uganda has lost 3 percent of its gross domestic product each year that the conflict has persisted. Displaced people are not only a financial burden, they are unable to contribute to the economy.The other core challenges identified by the revised PEAP are finding ways to keep the lowest income growing, improving the quality of education, giving people more control over the size of their families and using public resources transparently and efficiently. It is a document that other poor countries could learn from.Section 2: Chinese-English T ranslation (汉译英) (40 points)This section consists of two parts: Part A "Compulsory Translation" and Part B "Optional Translation" which comprises "Topic 1" and "Topic 2". Translate the passage in Part A and your choice from passages in Part B into English. Write "Compulsory Translation'' above your translation of Part A and write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2" above your translation of the passage from Part B. The time for this section is 80 minutes.Part A Compulsory T ranslation (必译题) (20 points)矿产资源是自然资源的重要组成部分，是人类社会发展的重要物质基础。

人事部翻译资格证书(CATTI)2004年5月英语二级《笔译综合能力》试题及参考答案

04.5笔译综合能力.doc Section 1: Vocabulary and Grammar (25 points)Part 1 Vocabulary SelectionIn this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as requires on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.1 The explanation given by the manager yesterday was not at all _____ to us.A. satisfyB. satisfiedC. satisfactoryD. satisfying2 Part of the funds will be used to ____ that old library to its original splendor.A. restB. recoverC. replaceD. restore3 This silk has gone right _____ and we have not sold a single piece of it for weeks.A. out of fadB. out of patternC. out of customD. out of fashion4 The new Personal Digital Assistance contained a large ___ of information about an individual life.A. dealB. amountC. numberD. account5 Primitive superstitions that feed racism should be _____ through education.A. ignoredB. exaltedC. eradicatedD. canceled6. _____ pollution control measures are expensive, many local governments hesitate to adopt them.A. AlthoughB. HoweverC. BecauseD. Moreover7. The less the surface of the ground yields to the weight of the body of a runner, _____ to the body.A. the stress it is greaterB. greater is the stressC. greater stress isD. the greater the stress8. Annie Jump Cannon, _____ discove red so many stars that she was called “the census taker of the sky.”A. a leading astronomer,B. who, as a leading astronomer,C. was a leading astronomer,D. a leading astronomer who9. Kingdom of Wonders, _____ in 1995 in Fremont, Calif., became an industry legend for two toys: a talking bear and a ray-gun game.A. findB. foundC. foundedD. founding10. Over a very large number of trials, the probability of an event _____ is equal to the probability that it will not occur.A. occurringB. to occurC. occursD. occur11. Only one-fifth of Americans saw oil as the chief reason that the U.S. made a war on Iraq, but 75 percent of the French and of the Russians believed _____.A. toB. soC. goD. do12. Sadly, while the academic industry thrives, the practice of translation continues to _____.A. stackB. stageC. stagnateD. stamp13. Your blunt treatment of disputes would put other people in a negative frame of _____, with the result that they would not be able to accept your proposal.A. mindB. ideaC. intentionD. wish14. If you are an energetic person with strong views as to the right way of doing things, you find yourself _____ under pressures.A. variablyB. invariablyC. invaluablyD. invalidly15. Uncle Vernon, quite unlike Harry Potter who looked nothing like the rest of the family, was large, very fat, and_____, with an enormous black mustache.A. neck-lessB. neck-laceC. recklessD. rack-less16. Home to _____ and gangsters, officials and laborers, refugees and artists, the city was, in its prime, a metropolis that exhibited all the hues of the human character.A. magnatesB. magnetsC. machineD. magnitudes17. His _____ behavior made everyone nervous. He was always rushing to open doors and perform other small tasks, apologizing unnecessarily for any inconvenience that he might have caused.A. obliviousB. observantC. obsequiousD. obsolescent18. He was completely __________ by her tale of hardship.A. taken awayB. taken downC. taken inD. taken up19. Americans who consider themselves _____ in the traditional sense do not usually hesitate to heap criticism in domestic matters over what they believe is oppressive or wasteful.A. pedestrianB. penchantC. patriarchD. patriotic20. As technological advances put more and more time between early school life and the young person's final access to specialized work, the stage of _____ becomes an even more marked and conscious period.A. adolescenceB. adjacencyC. advantageD. adventurePart 2 Vocabulary ReplacementThis part consists of 15 sentences in which one word or phrase is underlined. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part without causing any grammatical error or changing the basic meaning of the sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.21. That boy is suffering from unrequited love and pines away.A. ferventB. obsessiveC. secretD. unreturned22. For a long time in that vast region, this law was in abeyance.A. active useB. doubtC. discussionD. disuse23. A court-martial has but recently decided to acquit him.A. declare he is not guiltyB. upwardly mobileC. excessively overweightD. privately educated24. There are more people who are obese today than 20 years ago.A. gainfully employedB. upwardly mobileC. excessively overweightD. privately educated25. As a conductor, Leonard Bernstein is famous for his intensely vigorous and exuberant style.A. enthusiasticB. nervousC. painfulD. extreme26. When insects feed on decaying plant material in a compost pile, they help turn it into useful garden soil.A. availableB. organicC. distastefulD. decomposing27. Researchers have discovered that dolphins are able to mimic human speech.A. importB. imitateC. impairD. humor28. The dichotomy postulated by many between idealism is one of the standard clichés of the ongoing debate overinternational affairs.A. divisionB. combination of two partsC. disparityD. contradiction29. Attempts have been made for nearly three decades to increase the amount of precipitation from clouds by seeding them with salt or silver iodide.A. DevicesB. HypothesesC. EffortsD. Suggestions30. Justices of the peace have jurisdiction over the trials of some civil suits and of criminal cases involving minor offenses.A. supremacyB. authorityC. guidanceD. obedience31. The feeling of competition among the students in all the classrooms where the test was going on was noticeable to everyone.A. discordB. discoveryC. rivalryD. cooperation32. The artist spent years on his monumental painting, which covered the whole roof of the church, the biggest in the country.A. archaicB. sentimentalC. outstandingD. entire33. Many of the electric and electronic products we purchase and consume today are what some industrial experts call “homogeneous toys”.A. identicalB. homosexualC. unrelatedD. distinguishable34. Anthropologist Barbara Myerhoff furthered her reputation as an authority on Native American culture with her study of the symbols, myths, and rituals of the Huichol people.A. deservedB. retainedC. renewedD. Advanced35. This reflects the priority being attached to economic over political activity, partly caused by a growing reluctance to enter a calling blighted by relentless publicity that all too often ends in destroying careers and reputations.A. powerfulnessB. unwillingnessC. renaissanceD. apologeticnessPart 3 Error CorrectionThis part consists of 15 sentences in which there is an underlined part that indicates an error. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part so that the error is corrected. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.36. An epigram is usually defined being a bright or witty thought that is tersely and ingeniously expressed.A. asB. as beC. as beenD. to being37. Upon completing his examination over the patient, the doctor offered his judgment of her conditions.A. ofB. offC. aboutD. around38. If they spend some time on Chinese history, they will be more able to predict China’s future.A. moreB. ableC. betterD. better able39. When she returned back by abroad, she told us all about her experience as an illegal immigrant.A. byB. backC. fromD. back from40. He was looking impatient at the visiting salesman, who showed no signs of getting readyto leave.A. patientB. patienceC. impatienceD. impatiently41. The recent conference on the effective use of the seas and ocean was another attempt resolving major differences among countries with conflicting interests.A. resolveB. resolvesC. to resolveD. being resolved42. Life insurance, before available only to young, healthy persons, can now be obtained for old people, and even for pets.A. before young, healthy persons available only,B. available only to young, healthy persons before,C. available only to persons young, but more healthy,D. before young and healthy persons only available to,43. Following a year of fast development, by the first quarter of this year, China has had about 1,100 e-commerce websites.A. China had about 1,100 e-commerce websites by the end of last MarchB. by the end of the first quarter of this year, China has had about 1,100 e-commerce websitesC. by the end of this recent past March, China has about 1,100 e-commerce websitesD. by the end of this first quarter, China had about 1,100 or so e-commerce websites44. Sino-foreign educational program on business is popular in China now, and the demand for high level interpretation is great.A. programs in enterprises / high level interpretersB. programs in international business / senior interpretersC. program in international biz / senior interpretationsD. programs of business / high-level interpretations45. Many students agreed to come, but some students against because they said they don’t have time.A. were against because they said th ey did notB. were against because they say they don’tC. were against it because they said they did notD. were against coming because they said they don’t46. While it is essential that the text covers the subject adequately, it is also important that it is neither too detailed or too complex for the intended reader.A. forB. norC. noD. not47. Consumer porcelains in Jingdezhen are not selling well in export market as compared with those made in Liling, Hunan Province and Zibo, Shandong Province.A. on export marketB. in exporting marketC. in exported marketD. in the export market48. It is a market which sales value might be more than 10 billion yuan.A. a market with a sales value that might beB. a market which might be sales valueC. a market with sale value might beD. market with sales might be a value49. As an English major student, I think business English is more practical than other fields.A. a English student / fieldB. a English major student / regionsC. a English major / coursesD. an English student major / sciences50. We should let more young parents and their children can enjoy scientific early education.A. provide more young parents and their children to enjoy early educationB. provide more young parents and their children to enjoy early education and scientificC. provide young parents and their children enjoy more scientific early educationD. provide young parents and their children with more early education servicesSection 2: Reading Comprehension (50 points)In this section you will find after each of the passage a number of questions or unfinished statements about the passage, each with 4 (A, B, C and D) choices to complete the statement. You must choose the one which you think fits best. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. The time for this section is 70 minutes.Questions 51 — 60 are based on the following passage.Social control refers to social processes, planned or unplanned, by which people are taught, persuaded, or forced to conform to norms. In every society, some punishments or negative sanctions are established for deviant behavior. Without deviant behavior there would not be need for social control and without social control there would not be a way of recognizing the boundary between the acceptable and the unacceptable.Social control may be either formal or informal. Informal mechanisms include expressions of disapproval by significant others and withholding of positive rewards for disapproved behavior. Most people internalize norms in the course of socialization. This is any group’s most powerful protection against deviance, in that the individual’s own conscience operates as an agent of social control. When informal sanctions fail, formal agents of social control may be called upon. In contemporary society, such formal agents and agencies include psychiatry and other mental health professions; mental hospitals; police and courts of law; prisons; and social welfare agencies. All these formal agents function to limit, correct, and control violation of norms. Conflict theorists would also point out that social control agents and systems tend, in any society, to serve the interests of powerful groups and to enforce the norms most beneficial to those who make the rules and who, therefore, define unacceptable behavior.Social control, whether formal or informal, has a dual function. First, it punishes the wrongdoer and reaffirms the boundaries of acceptable behavior. Second, and less recognized, it regulates the manner in which deviants are treated.51. Social control refers to processes by which ____.A. norms are developedB. norms are enforcedC. people are educated and trainedD. people are rewarded and punished52. Every society has its own ____.A. planned systemsB. controlled normsC. recognized boundaryD. established sanctions53. Informal mechanisms of social control include the following EXCEPT ____.A. a high level of interest in ensuring conformityB. expression of disapproval by significant othersC. withholding of positive rewards for the deviantsD. people’s internalization of norms in socialization54. The most powerful protection against deviance is ____.A. nega tive sanctionsB. severe punishmentsC. the individual’s conscienceD. unrestrained suppression55. Formal agents of social control include the following EXCEPT ____.A. police stationsB. mental hospitalsC. welfare agenciesD. vocational schools56. The purpose of formal agents is to ____.A. make beneficial rulesB. preserve social ordersC. control violation of normsD. define acceptable behavior57. Which statement about social control agents is NOT true?A. They tend to serve the interest of those who enforce the norms.B. They tend to serve the interest of those who receive a benefit.C. They tend to serve the interest of those who make the rules.D. They tend to serve the interest of those who are powerful.58. According to conflict theorists, social control agents and systems are ____.A. liberalB. partialC. neutralD. overall59. In the third paragraph, “a dual function” refers to ____.A. formal and informalB. rewards and penalitiesC. approval and disapprovalD. clarification and regulation60. The perspective from which the author discusses social control is ____.A. biologicalB. sociologicalC. psychologicalD. anthropologicalEvery group has a culture, however uncivilized it may seem to us. To the professional anthropologist, there is no intrinsic superiority of one culture over another, just as to the professional linguist, there is no intrinsic hierarchy among languages.People once thought of the languages of backward groups as undeveloped. While it if possible that language in general began as a series of grunts and groans, it is a fact established by the study of “backward” languages that no spoken tongue answers that description today. Most languages of uncivilized groups are, by our most severe standards, extremely complex. They differ from Western languages not in their sound patterns or grammatical structures, which usually are fully adequate for all language needs, but only in their vocabularies, which reflect the objects and activities known to their speakers. Even in this aspect, two things are to be noted. First, all languages seem to possess the machinery for vocabulary expansion, either by putting together words already in existence or by borrowing them from other languages and adapting them to their own system. Second, the objects and activities requiring names and distinctions in “backward” languages, while different from the West, are often surprisingly numerous and complicated.A Western language dis tinguishes merely between two degrees of remoteness (“this” and “that”). But some languages of the American Indians distinguish between what is close to the speaker, or to the person addressed, or removed from both, or out of sight, or in the past, or in the future.61. Every group of human beings has ____.A. its own set of ideas, beliefs and ways of lifeB. an extremely complex and delicate languageC. its own elegant music, literature, and other artsD. the process of growing crops or raising animals62. To the professional linguists, ____.A. there is no intrinsic superiority of culturesB. there is no intrinsic hierarchy of languagesC. all languages came from grunts and groansD. all languages are most severe and standard63. Most languages of uncivilized groups are ____.A. adequateB. numerousC. ingeniousD. ingenuous64. “Backward” languages fall behind Western languages in ____.A. ways to transfer ideasB. forms to satisfy needsC. abilities to answer descriptionD. systems to expand vocabulary65. All languages, whether civilized or not, have their own ____.A. ways to transfer ideasB. forms to satisfy needsC. abilities to answer descriptionD. systems to expand vocabulary66. Which of the following statements is implied in the passage?A. Anthropologists have nothing to do with linguists.B. Linguists have nothing to do with anthropologists.C. The study of languages casts light upon the study of cultures.D. The study of cultures casts no light upon the study of languages.67. It is implied that all cultures have to be viewed ____.A. profoundlyB. intrinsicallyC. independentlyD. professionally68. According to this passage, to learn a foreign language would require one to ____.A. do more activitiesB. learn about a new cultureC. meet more peopleD. need more names69. The author’s attitude shown in this passage toward “backward” languages is ____.A. restrainedB. subjectiveC. objectiveD. resolute70. This passage is on the whole ____.A. narrativeB. instructiveC. prescriptiveD. argumentativeThe field of medicine has always attracted its share of quacks and charlatans — disreputable women and men with little or no medical knowledge who promise quick cures at cheap prices. The reasons why quackery thrives even in modern times are easy to find.To begin with, pain seems to be a chronic human condition. A person whose body or mind “hurts” will often pay any amount of money for the promise of relief. Second, even the best medical treatment cannot cure all the ills that beset men and women. People who mistrust or dislike the truths that their physicians tell them often turn to more sympathetic ears.Many people lack the training necessary to evaluate medical claims. Given the choice between (a) a reputable physician who says a cure for cancer will be long, expensive and may not work at all, and (b) a salesperson who says that several bottles of a secret formula “snake oil” will c ure not only cancer but tuberculosis as well, some individuals will opt for “snake oil”.Many “snake oil” remedies are highly laced with alcohol or narcotic drugs. Anyone who drinks them may get so drunk or stoned that they drown their pains in the rising tide of pleasant intoxication. Little wonder that “snake oil” is a popular cure-all for minor aches and hurts! But let there be no misunderstandings. A very few “home remedies” actually work. However, most remedies sold by quacks are not only useless, but often can be harmful as well.71. In this passage, a quack or a charlatan is someone who ____.A. has a special abilityB. has little knowledgeC. is not a good doctorD. pretends to be a doctor72. The sentence “pain seems to be a chronic human condition” means pain seems to ____.A. be very seriousB. be very difficultC. last for a long timeD. be always happening73. Quackery thrives even in modern times because ____.A. patients pay any amount of moneyB. patients do not like their physiciansC. quacks say that they can help patientsD. best medical treatment costs very much74. People who seek the advice of quacks and charlatans are those who ____.A. are poorly educatedB. are highly educatedC. dislike me dical treatmentsD. mistrust physicians’ truths75. To evaluate medical claims, one must ____.A. turn to reputable doctorsB. make an adequate choiceC. have the necessary trainingD. disbelieve promise of relief76. According to the author, a very few home remedies are ____.A. uselessB. harmfulC. pleasantD. effective77. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Quacks are really sympathetic.B. “Snake oil” does not work.C. Doctors cannot cure all ills.D. Patients are often impatient.78. Many individuals opt for “snake oil” because they ____.A. are misled by a secret formulaB. cannot afford a treatmentC. lack medical knowledgeD. do not trust physicians79. “Snake oil” is a popular cure-all for minor aches and hurts because it has ____.A. actually workedB. some fruit stonesC. been misunderstoodD. alcohol or narcotic drugs80. Which of the following would be the best title of this passage?A. Distrust of PhysiciansB. Medical TreatmentC. Snake Oil RemediesD. Guard Against QuackeryModern industrial society grants little status to old people. In fact, such a society has a system of built-in obsolescence. There is no formal system for continuing our education throughout our life in order to keep up with rapidly changing knowledge. When our education and job skills have grown obsolete, we are treated exactly like those who have never gained an education or job skills and are not encouraged or given the opportunity to begin anew.As a society becomes more highly developed, the overall status of older people diminishes. Improved health technology creates a large pool of old people, who compete for jobs with the young. However, economic technology lowers the demand for workers and creates new jobs for which the skills of the aged are obsolete, forcing older people into retirement. At the same time, young people are being educated in the new technology and are keeping pace with rapid changes in knowledge. Finally, urbanization creates age-segregated neighborhoods. Because the old live on fixed incomes, they must often live in inferior housing. All these factors — retirement, obsolete knowledge and skills, inferior standards of living — lower the status of the aged in society.A century ago, when one could expect to live only to 50 or so, the life span more or less coincided with the occupation and family cycle. But today the average life span allows for fifteen to twenty years of life after these cycles. It appears that our life span is outpacing our usefulness in society.81. By “a system of build-in obsolescence” the author means ___.A. no formal systems exist in modern industrial societyB. old people have no status in modern industrial societyC. young people have chances in modern industrial societyD. knowledge changes rapidly in modern industrial society82. According to the first paragraph, which of the following is true?A. People don’t have to gain education.B. People don’t have to learn job skills.C. People don’t have to be treated as equals.D. People don’t have chances to begin anew.83. The more highly developed a society is, ____.A. the more advanced technology will beB. the larger the number of people will beC. the more diminished old people’s status will beD. the lower the overall status of the people will be84. The high development of economic technology ____.A. makes job skills out of fashionB. lowers the demand for workersC. forces old people into retirementD. creates new jobs for older people85. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Retired people could only live on fixed incomes.B. Retired people are more skillful than young people.C. Young people are educated in the new technology.D. Young people are keeping pace with rapid changes.86. According to this passage, the status of the aged is lowered by their ____.A. forced retirementB. inferior housingC. longer life spanD. fixed incomes87. The sentence “our life span outpaces our usefulness” means we can live longer ____.A. and make progressB. and do more workC. but move slowlyD. but become useless88. The author’s attitude toward the aged is ____.A. realisticB. optimisticC. pessimisticD. sympathetic89. It can be deduced from this passage that one should ____.A. learn new skillsB. be open-mindedC. have a good personalityD. keep pace with the times90. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?A. The Problem of AgingB. Social StructuresC. Economic TechnologyD. Continuing EducationWhen you first drift off into slumber, your eyes will roll about a bit, your temperature will drop slightly, your muscles will relax, and your breathing will become quite regular. Your brain waves slow down a bit, with the alpha rhythm predominating for the first few minutes. This is the first stage of sleep. For the next 30 minutes or so, you will drift down through Stage 2 and Stage 3. The lower your stage of sleep, the slower your brain waves will be. About 40-60 minutes after you lose consciousness, you will reach the last stage. Your brain waves will show the delta rhythm. You may think that you stay at this deep stage all the rest of the night, but that turns out not to be the case. About 80 minutes after you fall into slumber, your activity cycle will increase slightly. The delta rhythm will disappear, to be replaced by the activity pattern of Rapid Eye Movements lasts for 8-15 minutes and is called REM sleep.During both light and deep sleep, the muscles in your body are relaxed but capable of movement. As you slip into REM sleep, a very odd thing occurs — most of the voluntary muscles in your body become paralyzed. Although your brain shows very rapid bursts of neural activity during REM sleep, your body is incapable of moving. REM sleep is accompanied by extensive muscular inhibition.91. On the part of an average sleeper, there ____ of sleep in cycles.A. is one stageB. are two stagesC. are six stagesD. are four stages92. When a person falls into the state of sleep, his ____.A. eyeballs will roll about a bitB. mind will relax more and moreC. breathing will slow for minutesD. temperature will increase slightly93. The lower your stage of sleep, ____.A. the faster your eyes will roll aboutB. the quieter your breath will becomeC. the slower your brain waves will beD. the higher your temperature will be94. After you have reached the deepest sleep, ____.A. you will stay at the fourth stage the rest of the nightB. you will lose your consciousness for 40-60 minutesC. your brain waves will show the delta rhythmD. your brain waves will show the alpha rhythm95. In the REM sleep, ____.A. the delta rhythm will disappearB. the activity pattern will appearC. something will occur in front of youD. your eyes will begin to dart around96. You will fall into the fourth stage of sleep ____.A. about 80 minutes after you fall into slumberB. some 10 minutes after you fall into REM sleepC. about 40 minutes after you lose consciousnessD. some 30 minutes after you brain waves slow97. The first paragraph of this passage tells us about ____.A. the rhythms of brain wavesB. the daily activities of sleepC. the stages of sleep in cyclesD. the daily activities in cycles98. In this passage, the word “paralyzed” means unable to ____.A. moveB. thinkC. workD. speak99. The phrase “extensive muscular inhibition” means ____.。

2013年5月翻译资格考题二级英语笔译实务试卷及答案

2013年5月翻译资格考题二级英语笔译实务试卷及解答【英译汉】【试题1】Freed by warming, waters once locked beneath ice are gnawing at coastal settlements around the Arctic Circle.In Bykovsky, a village of 457 on Russia's northeast coast, the shoreline is collapsing, creeping closer and closer to houses and tanks of heating oil, at a rate of 15 to 18 feet a year."It is practically all ice - permafrost - and it is thawing." For the four million people who live north of the Arctic Circle,a changing climate presents new opportunities. But it also threatens their environment, their homes and, for those whose traditions rely on the ice-bound wilderness, the preservation of their culture.A push to develop the North, quickened by the melting of the Arctic seas, carries its own rewards and dangers for people in the region. The discovery of vast petroleum fields in the Barents and Kara Seas has raised fears of catastrophic accidents as ships loaded with oil and, soon, liquefied gas churn through the fisheries off Scandinavia, headed to markets in Europe and North America. Land that was untouched could be tainted by pollution as generators, smokestacks and large vehicles sprout to support the growing energy industry.Coastal erosion is a problem in Alaska as well, forcing the United States to prepare to relocate several Inuit villages at a projected cost of $100 million or more for each one.Across the Arctic, indigenous tribes with traditions shaped by centuries of living in extremes of cold and ice are noticing changes in weather and wildlife. They are trying to adapt, but it can be confounding.In Finnmark, Norway's northernmost province, the Arctic landscape unfolds in late winter as an endless snowy plateau, silent but for the cries of the reindeer and the occasional whine of a snowmobile herding them.A changing Arctic is felt there, too. "The reindeer are becoming unhappy," said Issat Eira, a 31-year-old reindeer herder.Few countries rival Norway when it comes to protecting the environment and preserving indigenous customs. The state has lavished its oil wealth on the region, and Sami culture has enjoyed something of a renaissance.And yet no amount of government support can convince Mr. Eira that his livelihood, intractably entwined with the reindeer, is not about to change. Like a Texas cattleman, he keeps the size of his herd secret. But he said warmer temperatures in fall and spring were melting the top layers of snow, which then refreeze as ice, ma it harder for his reindeer to dig through to the lichen they eat."The people who are ma the decisions, they are living in the south and they are living in towns," said Mr. Eira, sitting inside his home made of reindeer hides. "They don't mark the change of weather. It is only people who live in nature and get resources from nature who mark it."A push to develop the North, quickened by the melting of the Arctic seas, carries its own rewards and dangers for people in the region. The discovery of vast petroleum fields in the Barents and Kara Seas has raised fears of catastrophic accidents as ships loaded with oil and, soon, liquefied gas churn through the fisheries off Scandinavia, headed to markets in Europe and North America. Land that was untouched could be tainted by pollution as generators, smokestacks and large vehicles sprout to support the growing energy industry.【试题1参照译文】随着天气变暖，北极圈的冰层开始融化，海水涌上来开始侵蚀沿岸村落。

05年英语二级笔译真题及答案

05年英语二级笔译真题及答案05年二笔真题及答案2005年5月英语二级《笔译综合能力》试题1. No one appreciated his work during his lifetime, but ____ it is clear tha t he was a great artist.A. in the aftermathB. by the timeC. in retrospectD. in this eventuality2. Being both spoiled and lazy, he ____ everyone else for his lack of success.A. accusedB. chargedC. criticizedD. blamed3. Your usual teacher has lost his voice and ____ I am taking his place today.A. neverthelessB. howeverC. moreoverD. accordingly4. As always when she sang in the bathroom, she ____ the high notes in a sp ecialA. span outB. belted outC. spread outD. stretch out5. The prisoner ____ that he had assaulted a policeman.A. deniedB. rejectedC. contradictedD. refused6. Only hotel guests have the ____ of using the private beach.A. occasionB. possibilityC. privilegeD. allowance7. The jury gave a ____ of ―not guilty‖.A. sentenceB. judgementC. chargeD. verdict8. Wearing seat-belts when driving is now ____ by law.A. compulsiveB. forcibleC. compulsoryD. involuntary9. I‘ll just ____ an eye over these figures before you type them.A. tossB. castC. flingD. throw10. He was facing charges on forgery in a court of law but he hired a good attorney to ____.A. get offB. get throughC. get byD. get away11. The campers ____ their tent in a sheltered valley.A. establishedB. installedC. pitchedD. fixed12. A larger brain makes man ____ to animals.A. betterB. superiorC. excelledD. outstanding13. He was always finding ____ with his daughter‘s friends.A. blameB. errorC. mistakeD. fault14. It was too late to ____ of the contract.A. back outB. back downC. back upD. back away15. She had just ____ the shell of the hard-boiled egg and was starting to pee l it off.A. snappedB. crackedC. fracturedD. burst16. Children who are praised for their work are always ____ on.A. encouragedB. approvedC. inspiredD. spurred17. It is impossible for parents to ____ their children from every danger.A. protectB. relieveC. preserveD. conserve18. Even though the main source of ____ exposure for a majority of the hum an population is the sun, the artificial tanning from sun beds contributes significantly to the total UV risk.A. extra violentB. extra violetC. ultravioletD. ultravirus19. This is ____ work. It calls for a good eye and a steady hand.A. preciseB. precisionC. exactD. exactness20. I wouldn‘t trust such a ____ person.A. deceitfulB. deceptiveC. decisiveD. deceive21. As a conductor, Leonard Bernstein is famous for his intensely vigorous and exuberant style.A. extremeB. enthusiasticC. prosperousD. nervous22. On a Windows screen, there will roll down many more buttons when you hit the ―Tools‖ button.A. castB. casteC. cascadeD. cataract23. In Nathaniel Hawthorne‘s The Scarlet Letter, Reverend Dimmesdale succum bed to Hester‘s charms.A. appealed toB. conversed aboutC. cared nothing forD. yielded to24. So engrossed in his efforts would Gaugin become that he barely noticed the passing of time.A. delighted inB. frustrated byC. expanded byD. involved in25. One out of five bridges in the United States is outmoded.A. narrowB. obsoleteC. illegalD. concrete26. Several theories of evolution had historically preceded that of Charles Dar win, although he expounded upon the stages of development.A. found fault withB. explained in detailC. outlined brieflyD. offered in published form27. When Akiyama Toyohiro, Japan‘s first astronaut, completed his stint in spa ce, he came back down to earth with more than one worry.A. spellB. slingC. stingD. stink28. Since she did not have time to read the entire play before class, she read an outline of the plot instead.A. a synonymB. a symmetryC. a synopsisD. a symposium29. Tiny Tim, a character in A Christmas Carol, was a happy little boy in spi te of the disability that caused him a weakness in one leg.A. to limpB. to fallC. restD. suffer30. When a hurricane is about to occur, the National Weather Bureau issues a warning.A. adjacentB. giganticC. perilousD. imminent31. Rain abates in the fall throughout most of the Appalachian Mountain regio n.A. poursB. accumulatesC. lessensD. evaporates32. The thief was apprehended, but his accomplice had disappeared.A. people who saw himB. the person who helped himC. guns and knivesD. stolen goods33. Relaxation therapy teaches one not to fret over small problems.A. worry aboutB. get involved inC. get angry about C. look for34. Benjamin Franklin was remembered for his good judgement.A. vigilanceB. guiltyC. sagacityD. resolution35. Mark Anthony‘s eulogy of C aesar at his funeral is memorably recorded ina play by Shakespeare.A. prayerB. praiseC. biographyD. denunciation36. He had studied hard, he would have been able to pass the exam.A. He had studied harderB. If only he studied moreC. Had he studied harder C. When he studied more37. It was now clear that no such weapons were manufactured and none been found.A. was foundB. were foundedC. has been foundD. have been founded38. Whenever we hear of a natural disaster, we feel sympathetic to the people to be affected.A. to have affectedB. to have effectedC. who have been effectedD. who have been affected39. Our programs come second to theirs.A. come second afterB. are second only toC. are first except forD. are first place from40. Our holiday is doomed to failure without you.A. would doomB. would have been doomedC. had been doomedD. has had to be doomed41. I‘m rath er concerned how he will take in his school.A. take onB. take upC. take offD. take to42. You‘ve been so helpful! How can I make up to you?A. make it up to youB. make you upC. make up it for youD. make up you43. I don‘t doubt how the plan will be will received.A. thatB. whichC. ifD. whether44. Trial and error are the source of our knowledge.A. isB. wereC. hasD. have been45. Some people think more of animals than will of children.A. they haveB. they hadC. they areD. they do46. The belief is the legendary lost continent of Atlantis may someday be fou nd.A. It is believed thatB. It is believing thatC. The belief thatD. That belief is47. Because excessively hunting has depleted many wildlife species, game pres erves are being established.A. excessive huntingB. hunting excessivelyC. The belief thatD. they hunted excessively48. Few pleasures can equal such of a cool drink on a hot day.A. thisB. all thisC. thatD. all that49. American Indian languages, which differ widely, tended to group many uni ts of meaning into multisyllabic words.A. all tendB. and tendC. to tendD. tending50. We are not conscious of the extent of which work provides the psychologi cal satisfaction that can make the difference between a full and empty life. A. to which B. in which C. at which D. by whichSection 2: Reading Comprehension (50 points)Questions 51 —55 are based on the following passage.Congress makes the laws in the United States. It has two parts, which ar e more or less equal in power. They are known as the House of Representativ es and the Senate. The House of Representatives is larger than the Senate who se 100 members (two from each state) serve for six years. The 435 members of the House are elected every two years, and the number from each state is determined by the population of the state. For example, California, which has a large population, has 43 representatives, while the State of Nevada has only one.The House and Senate are divided into small groups which take care of special matters such as education or foreign affairs. The most important work of Congress is often done in these groups, which are called subcommittees.According to the Constitution of the United States, a senator must be at l east 30 years old and he must have been a citizen of the United States for ni ne years at the time of his election. To be elected to the House a person mus t be 25 years old and must have been a United States citizen for seven years. At the present time, members of Congress include businessmen, farmers, teach ers, and especially lawyers. In general, senators are better known than represen tatives because they are fewer in number and serve for a longer time. Many American presidents served in Congress before they because president.51. In the U.S. Congress, the House of Representatives and the Senate are ___ _.A. not equal. The House is more powerfulB. almost equal in powerC. not equal. The Senate is far more powerfulD. different. The House is more important52. The members of the Senate are elected for ____ years.A. twoB. threeC. fourD. six53. The number of the members in the House from each state ____.A. is fixed, two from each stateB. depends on how many people the state hasC. depends on the size of the stateD. depends on the location of the state54. To be elected to the Senate a person must ____.A. be at least 25 years oldB. be at least 30 years oldC. have been a citizen for seven yearsD. be a lawyer55. Which of the following is true?A. A representative serves for two years.B. To become a senator is easier than to become a representative.C. A senator performs his duties for a shorter time than a representativeD. All presidents were representatives and then senators before becoming presid ent of the United States.Questions 56 —60 are based on the following passage.Air France SA said Monday that its second-quarter net profit fell 35 percent t o ?57 million ($57.4 million), but sales were steady and operating profit surge d.Earning before interest and tax, a measure of operating income, gained 86 perc ent to ?141 million as fuel costs fell costs fell and cargo traffic rose.Air France has been hurt less than rivals such as British Airways PLC and Lufthansa AG by the slowdown on North Atlantic routes following the war o n Iraq in 2003 because it has fewer flights in that market.Net income fell as the airline paid deferred taxes that came due. Sales rose 0.9 percent to ?3.2 billion. The carrier lost about ?80 million in revenue because of a four-day strike by pilots in September. An accord was reached tying fut ure pay increases to inflation. Thecarrier said that first-half fuel costs fell 15 percent to ?680 million. Cargo traffic rose 11 percent in the second quarter, w hile passenger traffic rose 1.1 percent. The airline‘s shares gained 87 cents, or 7.7 percent, to close at ?12.11.Separately, Air France and Alitalia SpA agreed to buy 2 percent stakes in each other as Europe‘s second-and sixth-largest airlines deepen their partnership.56. ―?‖in ―?57 million‖ and―?141 million‖ probably stands for ____.A. EnglishB. the euroC. EuropeanD. European Currency Unit57. Which of the following is not a cause for Air France‘s earnings to rise be fore interest and tax?A. The drop in fuel cost.B. The rise in cargo traffic.C. The rise in passenger traffic.D. Its partnership with Alitalia SpA.58. Which of the following is not a trouble confronting Air France?A. Deferred taxes being due.B. The shrinking French market.C. A four-day strike by pilots in September.D. The war on Iraq.59. Why did Air France‘s net income fall despite rising sales?A. Because it had to pay deferred taxes that came due.B. Because the French market was shrinking.C. Because of a four-day strike by pilots in September.D. Because the Iraqi war had reduced Atlantic flights.60. ―The carrier lost about ?80 million in revenue because ofa four-day strike by pilots in September‖. What does ―the carrier‖ refer to here?A. British Airways PLC.B. Lufthansa AG.C. Air France SA.D. Alitalia SpA.Questions 61 —65 are based on the following passage.A. total of 4.6 million digital televisions have been sold, and the salesof HDTV sets have quadrupled since last year. Consumers have bought HDTV s to play their DVDs and to have clearer pictures and wide screens. Only a s mall percentage of the people who have purchased HDTVs, however, have act ually hooked their TVs up to receive high-definition television digital signals. Perhaps television viewers are having trouble keeping up with the changes in t echnology. Even the manufacturers of HDTVs, like Mitsubishi, Thomson Multi media, Sony, and Samsung seem to have a tough time learning how to make t heir sets work with the various digital TV formats because little standardization has been required or implemented in the industry.Some of the HDTVs weight over 200lbs., and a variety of retailers offer a delivery service to the buyer‘s home to help install the heavy sets. This is kno wn as a white-glove service and usually comes with an extra fee. After HDTV purchasers get their sets home and hook them up, they will still need to wor k to get the digital signals to their systems. Most of the industry‘s cable provi ders do not yet offer high-definition programming, and only about 15% of co mmercial television stations have switchedover to even the lowest improved di gital pictures. Worse yet, viewers may need to install antenna before they can even get the digital signals to their new HDTV sets. Another frustration for ho me-theater seekers is that the current HDTV sets allow owners only to watch high-definition programs, not to record them.61. According to the first sentence, the sales of HDTV sets since last year, by the time when this article was written, had reached ______.A. 4.6 millionB. 9.2 millionC. 18.4 millionD. I do not know many62. ―Hook up‖ as in ―hooked their TVs up‖ underlined in Paragraph 1 most p robably means to ____.A. have a hood over the TVB. be connected toC. relate oneself toD. keep contact with63. A majority of HDTV consumers could not enjoy high-quality digital pictur es because ____.A. they did not tune in to the right channelB. they did not install the systemC. the market retailers created the confusion on purposeD. the manufacturers did not have a uniform standard for their sets64. According to the passage, which of the following offers most of the HDT V programmes so far?A. Retailer delivery services.B. Cable providers.C. Commercial television stationsD. HDTV set manufacturers.65. On the whole, this passage is positioned to dwell on ____.A. the overall picture of the HDTV sectorB. how the giant TV market should offer better productsC. a lament over consumer‘s inability to use a high-end TV setD. a criticism of the TV markets for doing nothing about a big problemQuestion 66 —70 are based on the following passage.The idea of test-tube babies may make you either delighted at the wonders of modern medicine or irritated while considering the moral, or technological impl ic ations of starting life in a laboratory. But if you‘ve ever been pregnant yours elf, one thing is certain: You wonder what it‘s like to carry a test-tube baby. Are these pregnancies normal? Are the babies normal?The earliest answer come from Australia, where a group of medical experts at the Queen Victoria Medical Center in Melbourne have taken a look at the co ntinent‘s first nine successful invitro pregnancies. The Australians report that th e pregnancies themselves seemed to have proceeded according to plan, but at birth some unusual trends did show up. Seven of the nine babies turned out to be girls. Six of the nine were delivered by Caesarean section. And one baby, a twin, was born with a serious heart defect and a few days later developed life-threatening problems.What does it all mean? Even t he doctors don‘t know for sure, because the nu mbers are so small. The proportion of girls to boys is high, but until there are many more test-tube babies no one will know whether that‘s something that j ust happened to be like that or something special that happens when egg meets sperm in a test tube instead of a fallopian tube. The same thing is true of t he single heart defect. It usually shows up in only 15 out of 60,000 births in that part of Australia, but the fact that it occurred in one out of nine test-tube babies does not necessarily mean that they are at special risk. One thing the doctors can explain is the high number of Caesareans. Most of the mothers we re older, had long histories of fertility problems and in some cases had had su rgery on the fallopian tubes, all of which made them likely candidates for Cae sareans anyway.The Australian researchers report that they are quite encouraged. All the babies are now making normal progress, even the twin with the birth defects.66. What concern will the test-tube baby raise according to the passage?A. Whether the pregnancies of test-tube babies would be normal.B. Whether the test-tube babies would be encouraged.C. Why the proportion of defected babies is so high.D. Why the number of Caesareans is so high.67. What does the word ―invitro‖ underlined in Paragraph 2 most probably me an?A. Normal.B. Test-tube.C. Built-in.D. Formal68. Which of the following statements about the experiment mentioned in the passage is true?A. Only the twins are defected.B. Most of the babies are delivered by means of Caesarean.C. There are some troubles during all mothers‘ pregnancies.D. One baby appears to be abnormal.69. Which of the following explanations regarding the high number of Caesare an operations is NOT true?A. Some mothers have passed the best age for a natural delivery.B. Some mothers have fertility problems.C. Some mothers favor the operations of this type.D. Some mothers have had surgical operations on their fallopian tubes.70. What is the a uthor‘s tone in this passage?A. Depressed.B. OptimisticC. Opposing.D. NegativeQuestions 71 —80 are based on the following passage.The ocean bottom —a region nearly 2.5 times greater than the total land area of the Earth —is a vast frontier that even today is largely unexplored and u ncharted. Until about a century ago, the deep-ocean floor was completely inacc essible, hidden beneath waters averaging over 3,600 meters deep. Totally witho ut light and subjected to intense pressures hundreds of times gr eater than at th e Earth‘s surface, the deep-ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans, i n some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer space.Although researchers have taken samples of deep-ocean rocks and sediments fo r over a century, the first detailed global investigation of the ocean bottom did not actually start until 1968, with the beginning of the National Science Foun dation‘s Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP). U sing techniques first developed fo r the offshore oil and gas indust ry, the DSDP‘s drillship, the Glomar Challen ger, was able to maintain a steady position on the ocean‘s surface and drill in very deep waters, extracting samples of sediments and rock from the ocean fl oor.The Glomar Challenger completed 96 voyages in a 15-year research program t hat ended in November 1983. During this time, the vessel logged 600,000 kilo meters and took almost 20,000 core samples of seabed sediments and rocks at 624 drilling sites around the world. The Glomar Challenger‘s core samples ha ve allowed geologists to reconstruct what the planet looked like hundreds of m illions of years ago and to calculate what it will probably look like millions of years in the future. Today, largely on the strength of evidence gathered during the Glomar C hallenger‘s voyages, nearly all earth scientists agree on the theories of plate tectonics and continental drift that explain many of the geologica l processes that sharp the Earth.The cores of sediment drilled by the Glomar Challenger have also yielded i nfo rmation critical to understanding the world‘s past climates. Deep –ocean sedime nts provide a climatic record stretching back hundreds of millions of years, be cause they are largely isolated from the mechanical erosion and the intense che mical and biological activity that rapidly destroy much land-based evidence of past climates. This record has already provided insights into the patterns and c auses of past climatic change —information that may be used to predict future climates.71. The author refe rs to the ocean bottom as a ―frontier‖ in Paragraph 1 b ecause it ____.A. is not a popular area for scientific researchB. contains a wide variety of life formsC. attracts courageous explorersD. is an unknown territory72. The word ―inaccessible‖ underl ined in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ____.A. unrecognizableB. unreachableC. unusableD. unsafe73. The author mentions ―outer space‖ underlined in Paragraph 1 because ____.A. the Earth‘s climate million of years ago was similar to conditions in outer s paceB. it is similar to the ocean floor in being alien to the human environmentC. rock formations in outer space are similar to those found on the ocean floorD. techniques used by scientists to explore outer space were similar to those us ed in ocean exploration74. Which of the following is true of the Glomar Challenger?A. It is a type of submarine.B. It is an ongoing project.C. It has gone on over 100 voyages.D. It made its first DSDP voyage in 1968.75. The word ―extracting‖ underlined in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ____.A. breakingB. locatingC. removingD. analyzing76. The Deep Sea Drilling Project was significant because it was ____.A. an attempt to find new sources of oil and gasB. the first extensive exploration of the ocean bottomC. composed of geologists from all over the worldD. funded entirely by the gas and oil industry77. The word ―strength‖ underlined in Paragraph 3 is closest in mea ning to __ __.A. basisB. purposeC. discoveryD. endurance78. The word ―they‖ underlined in Paragraph 4 refers to ____.A. yearsB. climatesC. sedimentsD. cores79. Deep-ocean sediments provide better information about the world‘s past cli mate because they ____.A. are well protectedB. have land-based evidenceC. are in isolationD. have a longer history80. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as being a resul t of the Deep Sea Drilling Project?A. Geologists were able to determine the Earth‘s appearance hundreds of millio ns of years ago.B. Two geological theories because more widely accepted.C. Information was revealed about the Earth‘s past clim atic changes.D. Geologists observed forms of marine life never before seen.Questions 81 —90 are based on the following passage.At the beginning of the twentieth century, North American society held, as an ideal, the Nuclear Family. This presumably perfect residential, social, and econ omic unit consisted of an adult male, an adult female and their minor children. This structure was thought to be stable and long lasting.However, a few decades later, the structure of that ideal family was being alte red radically even while it was being touted as the structure to be aimed for. Popular magazines bemoaned the loss of the Nuclear Family and its replaceme nt with inferior forms.There are a number of factors that are acting in concert to apply pressure on t he Nuclear Family and generate a variety of new structures. Some of these are: The definition of marriage has changed somewhat in that few people now cons ider it to last ―until death do us part.‖ The concept of monogamy (the marriag e of one man and one woman) has been modified to a form now referred to as serial monogamy (the marriage of one man and one woman at a time). Thi s reflects the increasing equality of women and men in terms of economic adv antage and the recognition that many women no longer depend on men for the ir survival. Women are acquiring independence and have become empowered t o make their own choices. With this independence, the need to from a relation ship with a man becomes less important. This change embodies the concept th at the marriage is temporary and can be terminated by eirther partner at any ti me. Associated with this, of course, is the relaxation of the divorce laws and t he significant reduction of theshame that had one time been attached to divor ce.The economy of North America has resulted in a two-tier system of a few ric h who control most of the resources and a large portion of the population wh o control almost none of the resources. Because of this, many couples are forc ed to have both partners with full-time jobs outside the home. There are unint ended byproducts of the need for a double income. The most important of the se is the replacement of a mother-oriented soci alization of children to a ―strang er-oriented‖ socialization system reflected in the growth of the children industry.Also, either partner is financially able to end the marriage without significant hardship.The combination of these changes will in the coming decades have a profound effect on the structure of the family of North America. As a result, the famil y will be a fluid, constantly changing structure with variable household arrange ments as the norm.81. In the 1910s most North Americans believed that the Nuclear Family _ ___.A. wouldn‘t last longB. was the normal family structureC. had no social and economic basisD. was unworthy82. What happened to the Nuclear Family in the middle of the twentieth centu ry?A. It changed greatly.B. It was criticized.C. It remained a normal structure.D. It was lost.83. In the middle of the twentieth century, people in NorthAmerica ____.A. were tired of the Nuclear FamilyB. wanted to give up the Nuclear FamilyC. believed that the Nuclear Family was hopefulD. were indifferent to the Nuclear Family84. What has changed the Nuclear Family in North America?A. People have changed their ideas about marriage.B. Women become more independent.C. The economy is changing.D. All of the above factors are acting together.85. What is the major factor that has raised the divorce rate in North America?A. The increasing equality of women.B. Relaxation of the divorce laws.C. The significant reduction of the shame on divorce.D. Men having more chances to know women.86. In Paragraph 4, ―until death do us part‖ probably means remaining married ____.A. until deathB. to the particular person until deathC. to one person at a timeD. until one leaves87. In Paragraph 5, ―two-tier system‖ means some ____.A. men have many wives while others have noneB. people are very rich while others are very poorC. people have too much work to do while others have nothing to doD. people control others88. Many wives work outside their home because they ____.A. want to be independentB. don‘t want to stay at homeC. don‘t have to take care of their childrenD. want to make money for their home89. ― ?Stranger-oriented‘ socialization system ‖ in Paragraph 5 probably means ____.A. strangers come home to take care of childrenB. neighbors don‘t know each otherC. mothers work outside their home and become strange to their childrenD. children become strange to their parents90. The author‘s purpose is to ____.A. give the facts of marriage in North AmericaB. explain the reason why the divorce rate is high in North AmericaC. introduce why both husband and wife have to work outside their homeD. give a picture of family structural change in North AmericaQuestions 91 —100 are based on the following passage.Seeking to build support among black families for its education reform law, th e Bush administration paid a prominent black pundit $240,000 to promote the law on his nationally syndicated television show and to urge other black journ alists to do the same.The campaign, part of an effort to promote No Child Left Behind (NCLB), re quired commentator Armstrong Williams ―to regularly comment on NCLB duri ng the course of his broadcasts,‖ and to interview Education Secretary Rod Pai ge for TV and radio spots that were aired during the show in 2004. Williams said Thursday he understands that critics could find the arrangement unethical, but ―I wanted to do it because it‘s。

人事部翻译资格证书(CATTI)2005年5月英语二级《笔译实务》试题及参考答案

人事部翻译资格证书（CATTI）2005年5月英语二级《笔译实务》试题及参考答案Section 1: English-Chinese Translation（英译汉）（60 point）This section consists of two parts: Part A "Compulsory Translation" and Part B "Optional Translations" which comprises "Topic 1" and "Topic 2". Translate the passage in Part A and your choice from passage in Part B into Chinese. Write "Compulsory Translation" above your translation of Part A and write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2" above your translation of the passage from Part B. The time for this section is 100 minutes.Part A Compulsory Translation （必译题）（30 points）It was one of those days that the peasant fishermen on this tributary of the Amazon River dream about.With water levels falling rapidly at the peak of the dry season, a giant school of bass, a tasty fish that fetches a good price at markets, was swimming right into the nets being cast from a dozen small canoes here."With a bit of luck, you can make $350 on a day like this," Lauro Souza Almeida, a leader of the local fishermen's cooperative, exulted as he moved into position. "That is a fortune for people like us," he said, the equivalent of four months at the minimum wage earned by those fortunate enough to find work.But hovering nearby was a large commercial fishing vessel, a "mother boat" equipped with large ice chests for storage and hauling more than a dozen smaller craft. The crew on board was just waiting for the remainder of the fish to move into the river's main channel, where they intended to scoop up as many as they could with their efficient gill nets.A symbol of abundance to the rest of the world, the Amazon is experiencing a crisis of overfishing. As stocks of the most popular species diminish to worrisome levels, tensions are growing between subsistence fishermen and their commercial rivals, who are eager to enrich their bottom line and satisfy the growing appetite for fish of city-dwellers in Brazil and abroad.In response, peasants up and down the Amazon, here in Brazil and in neighboring countries like Peru, are forming cooperatives to control fish catches and restock their rivers and lakes. But that effort, increasingly successful, has only encouraged the commercial fishing operations, as well as some of the peasants' less disciplined neighbors, to step up their depredations."The industrial fishing boats, the big 20- to 30-ton vessels, they have a different mentality than us artisanal fishermen, who have learned to take the protection of the environment into account," said the president of the local fishermen's union. "They want to sweep everything up with their dragnets and then move on, benefiting from our work and sacrifice and leaving us with nothing."Part B Optional Translations (二选一题) （30 points）Topic 1 (选题一)Ever since the economist David Ricardo offered the basic theory in 1817, economic scripture has taught that open trade-free of tariffs, quotas, subsidies or other government distortions-improves the well-being of both parties. U.S. policy has implemented this doctrine with a vengeance. Why is free trade said to be universally beneficial? The answer is a doctrine called "comparative advantage".Here's a simple analogy. If a surgeon is highly skilled both at doing operations and performing routine blood tests, it's more efficient for the surgeon to concentrate on the surgery and pay a less efficient technician to do the tests, since that allows the surgeon to make the most efficient use of her own time.By extension, even if the United States is efficient both at inventing advanced biotechnologies and at the routine manufacture of medicines, it makes sense for the United States to let the production work migrate to countries that can make the stuff more cheaply. Americans get the benefit of the cheaper products and get to spend their resources on even more valuable pursuits, That, anyway, has always been the premise. But here Samuelson dissents. What if the lower wage country also captures the advanced industry?If enough higher-paying jobs are lost by American workers to outsourcing, he calculates, then the gain from the cheaper prices may not compensate for the loss in U.S. purchasing power."Free trade is not always a win-win situation," Samuelson concludes. It is particularly a problem, he says, in a world where large countries with far lower wages, like India and China, are increasingly able to make almost any product or offer almost any service performed in the United States.If America trades freely with them, then the powerful drag of their far lower will begin dragging down U.S. average wages. The U.S. economy may still grow, he calculates, but at a lower rate than it otherwise would have.Topic 2 （选题二）Uganda's eagerness for genuine development is reflected in its schoolchildren's smiles and in the fact that so many children are now going to school. Since 1997, when the government began to provide universal primary education, total primary enrollment had risen from 3 million to 7.6 million in 2004. Schools have opened where none existed before, although there is some way to go in reaching the poorest areas of the country.Uganda has also made strides in secondary and higher education, to the point that it is attracting many students from other countries. At the secondary level, enrollment is above 700,000, with the private sector providing the majority if schools. For those who want to take their education further, there are 12 private universities in addition to the four publicly funded institutions, together providing 75,000 places.Education is seen as a vital component in the fight against poverty. The battle for better health isanother, although it is one that will take longer to win in a country that carries a high burden of disease, including malaria and AIDS. Here, the solutions can only arise from a combination of international support and government determination to continue spending public money on preventive care and better public health information.Current government plants include recruiting thousands of nurses, increasing the availability of drugs and building 200 new maternity units.Uganda's high rate of population growth, at 3.6 percent per annum, poses a special challenge in the fight against poverty, says Finance Minister Gerald Ssendaula, who points out that the fertility rate, at 6.9 children per female, is the highest in Africa.The government's newly revised Poverty Eradication Action Plan (PEAP) puts the "restoration of security" at the top of the current government agenda. This is because it estimates that Uganda has lost 3 percent of its gross domestic product each year that the conflict has persisted. Displaced people are not only a financial burden, they are unable to the economy.The other core challenges identified by the revised PEAP are finding ways to keep the lowest income growing, improving the quality of education, giving people more control over the size of their families and using public resources transparently and efficiently. It is a document that other poor countries could learn from.Section 2: Chinese- English Translation（汉译英）（40 point）This section consists of two parts: Part A "Compulsory Translation" and Part B "Optional Translations" which comprises "Topic 1" and "Topic 2".Translation the passage in Part A and your choice from passage in Part B into English. Write "Compulsory Translation" above your translation of Part A and write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2" above your translation of the passage from Part B. The time for this section is 80 minutes.Part A Compulsory Translation （必译题）（20 points）矿产资源是自然资源的重要组成部分，是人类社会发展的重要物质基础。

英语翻译资格考试_2017年5月翻译资格考试英语二级笔译实务真题及答案

2021年5月翻译资格考试英语二级笔译实务真题及答案英译中第一篇This Agenda is a plan of action for people, planet and prosperity. It also seeks to strengthen universal peace in larger freedom. We recognize that eradicating poverty in all its forms and dimensions, including extreme poverty, is the greatest global challenge and an indispensable requirement for sustainable development.本议程是为人类、地球与繁荣制订的行动方案。

它还旨在加强世界和平与自由。

我们认识到，消除一切形式和表现的贫困，包括消除极端贫困，是世界最大的挑战，也是实现可持续开展必不可少的要求。

We are resolved to free the human race from the alleviation of poverty and heal and protect our planet. We are determined to take the bold and transformative steps which are urgently needed to shift the world onto a sustainable and resilient path.我们决心让人类摆脱贫困和匮乏，让地球治愈创伤并得到保护。

我们决心大胆采取迫切需要的变革步骤，让世界走上可持续且具有恢复力的道路。

The 17 Sustainable Development Goals and 169 targets which we are announcing today demonstrate the scale and ambition of this new universal Agenda. They seek to build on the Millennium Development Goals and complete what these did not achieve. They seek to realize the human rights of all and to achieve gender equality and the empowerment of all women and girls. They are integrated and indivisible and balance the three dimensions of sustainable development: the economic, social and environmental.我们今天宣布的17个可持续开展目标和169个具体目标展现了这个新全球议程的规模和雄心。

2005年5月笔译二级综合能力真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2005年5月笔译二级综合能力真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. V ocabulary and Grammar 2. Reading Comprehension 3. Cloze TestPART 1 V ocabulary and Grammar (25 points)This part consists of three sections. Read the directions for each section before answering the questions. The time for this part is 25 minutes.SECTION 1 V ocabulary SelectionIn the section, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A,B,C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentences. There is only ONE right answer.1．No one appreciated his work during his lifetime, but ______ it is clear that he was a great artist.A．in the aftermathB．by the timeC．in retrospectD．in this eventuality正确答案：C解析：in retrospect回顾，回顾往事：review one’s work of the past years in retrospect回顾个人以往几年的工作。

aftermath(不幸事件造成的)后果，余波：the danger of disease in the aftermath地震后引发疫病的危险。

英语翻译二级笔译实务真题2018年5月及答案解析

5月翻译资格考题二级英语笔译实务试卷及答案

5月翻译资格考题二级英语笔译实务试卷及答案第一部分英译汉必译题There was, last week, a glimmer of hope in the world food crisis. Expecting a bumper harvest, Ukraine relaxed restrictions on exports. Overnight, global wheat prices fell by 10 percent.By contrast, traders in Bangkok quote rice prices around $1,000 a ton, up from $460 two months ago.Such is the volatility of today‟s markets. We do not know how high food prices might go, nor how far they could fall. But one thing is certain: We have gone from an era of plenty to one of scarcity. Experts agree that food prices are not likely to return to the levels the world had grown accustomed to any time soon.Imagine the situation of those living on less than $1 a day - the “bottom billion,”the poorest of the world‟s poor. Most live in Africa, and many might typically spe ndtwo-thirds of their income on food.In Liberia last week, I heard how people have stopped purchasing imported rice by the bag. Instead, they increasingly buy it by the cup, because that‟s all they can afford.Traveling though West Africa, I found good reason for optimism. In Burkina Faso, I saw a government working to import drought resistant seeds and better manage scarce water supplies, helped by nations like Brazil. In Ivory Coast, we saw a women‟s cooperative running a chicken farm set up with UN funds. The project generated income - and food - for villagers in ways that can easily be replicated.Elsewhere, I saw yet another women‟s group slowly expanding their local agricultural production, with UN help. Soon they will replace World Food Program rice with their own home-grown produce, sufficient to cover the needs of their school feeding program.These are home-grown, grass-roots solutions for grass-roots problems - precisely the kind of solutions that Africa needs.参照译文：上周，世界粮食危机出现了一线转机。

2018年5月Catti英语二级笔译真题翻译完整解析

2018年5月CATII二级英语笔译真题翻译实务部分英译中第一篇文章Near Cambodia's Temple Ruins a Devotion to Learning走进破败的柬埔寨庙宇，感受学习的热情。

Millions of tourists come here every year to visit the ancient ruins of Angkor Wat an influx that has helped transform what once resembled a small laid-back village into a thriving and cosmopolitan town with thumping nightlife and more than 10000 hotel rooms.每年，都有数以百万计的游客造访吴哥窟，以观赏当地古老的历史遗迹，而这个游客聚居之地，也一改往日偏僻村落的闲适之常态，一举成为一座经济发展呈迅猛之势的国际化城镇。

一万间宾馆客房拔地而起，赋予游客激情四射的夜生活。

But the explosion of the tourism industry here has also done something less predictable. Siem Reap which had no universities a decade ago is now Cambodia’s second-largest hub for higher education after the capital Phnom Penh.但是，吴哥窟旅游业的爆棚式发展，也取得了某些意料之外的成果。

十年前，暹粒还是一片学术的不毛之地，而今，暹粒已发展壮大成为柬埔寨第二大高等教育中心，高等院校规模仅次于首都金边。

The sons and daughters of impoverished rice farmers flock here to work as tour guides receptionists bartenders and waitresses. When their shifts are over they study finance English and accounting.来自贫困稻农家的儿女们，一股脑地涌向暹粒。

年5月二级笔译考试真题与答案

2016年5月英语二级笔译真题Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)Passage 1Jane Goodall was already on a London dock in March 1957 when she realized that her passport was missing. In just a few hours, she was due to depart on her first 精品文档，超值下载trip to Africa. A school friend had moved to a farm outside Nairobi and, knowing Goodall’s childhood dream was to live among the African wildlife, invited her to stay with the family for a while. Goodall, then 22, saved for two years to pay for her passage to Kenya: waitressing, doing secretarial work, temping at the post office in her hometown, Bournemouth, on England’s southern coast. Now all this was for naught, it seemed.It’s hard not to wonder how subsequent events in her life — rather consequential as they have turned out to be to conservation, to science, to our sense of ourselves as a species — might have unfolded differently had someone not found her passport, along with an itinerary from Cook’s, the travel agency, folded inside, and delivered it to the Cook’s office. An agency representative, documents in hand, found her on the dock. “Incredible,” Goodall told me last month, recalling that day. “Amazing.”Within two months of her arrival, Goodall met the paleontologist Louis Leakey —Nairobi was a small town for its white population in those days —and he immediately offered her a job at the natural-history museum where he was curator. He spent much of the next three years testing her capacity for repetitive work.He believed in a hypothesis first put forth by Charles Darwin that humans and chimpanzees share an evolutionary ancestor. Close study of chimpanzees in the wild, he thought, might tell us something about that common progenitor. He was, in other words, looking for someone to live am ong Africa’s wild animals. One night, he told Goodall that he knew just the place where she could do it: Gombe Stream Chimpanzee Reserve, in the British colony of Tanganyika (now Tanzania).In July 1960, Goodall boarded a boat and after a few hours motoring over thewarm, deep waters of Lake Tanganyika, she stepped onto the pebbly beach at Gombe.Her finding, published in Nature in 1964, that chimpanzees use tools —extracting insects from a termite mound with leaves of grass —drastically and forev er altered humanity’s understanding of itself; man was no longer the natural world’s only user of tools.After two and a half decades of living out her childhood dream, Goodall made an abrupt career shift, from scientist to conservationist.Passage 2Scientists have found the first evidence that briny water flowed on the surface of Mars as recently as last summer, a paper published on Monday showed, raising the possibility that the planet could support life.Although the source and the chemistry of the water is unknown, the discovery will change scientists’ thinking about whether the planet that is most like Earth in the solar system could support present day microbial life.The discovery was made when scientists developed a new technique to analyze chemical maps of the surface of Mars obtained by NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter spacecraft.They found telltale fingerprints of salts that form only in the presence of water in narrow channels cut into cliff walls throughout the planet’s equatorial region.The slopes appear during the warm summer months on Mars, then vanish when the temperatures drop. Scientists suspected the streaks were cut by flowing water, but previously had been unable to make the measurements.Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter makes its measurements during the hottest part of the Martian day, so scientists believed any traces of water, or fingerprints from hydrated minerals, would have evaporated.Also, the chemical-sensing instrument on the orbiting spacecraft cannot home in on details as small as the narrow streaks, which typically are less than 16 feet wide.But Ojha and colleagues created a computer program that could scrutinize individual pixels. That data was then correlated with high-resolution images of the streaks. Scientists concentrated on the widest streaks and came up with a 100 percent match between their locations and detections of hydrated salts.Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (50 points)Passage 1人口问题归根结底是发展问题。

英语二级笔译5月真题+答案解析

5月英语二级笔译实务试题及参考答案1

5月翻译资格考题二级英语笔译实务试卷及答案

2022年5月英语翻译资格考试(笔译)真题及答案

英语翻译二级笔译实务真题2018年5月及答案解析

翻译二级笔译实务2005年05月

最新CATTI-英语笔译实务2级---年5月考试真题与参考答案

人事部翻译资格证书(CATTI)2004年5月英语二级《笔译综合能力》试题及参考答案

2013年5月翻译资格考题二级英语笔译实务试卷及答案

05年英语二级笔译真题及答案

人事部翻译资格证书(CATTI)2005年5月英语二级《笔译实务》试题及参考答案

英语翻译资格考试_2017年5月翻译资格考试英语二级笔译实务真题及答案

2005年5月笔译二级综合能力真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

英语翻译二级笔译实务真题2018年5月及答案解析

5月翻译资格考题二级英语笔译实务试卷及答案

2018年5月Catti英语二级笔译真题翻译完整解析

年5月二级笔译考试真题与答案