虚拟语气经典讲解

+ do sth
did / were 将来 should do were to do
would should + do sth could Might
1. If I had HIV, I would know because I would feel sick.
2. If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug.
3. 混合(时间错综)型虚拟语气： 假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句 所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件 虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照 假设的时间而定。 If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better. If you had followed the teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t be in the hospital.
4. 含蓄虚拟条件句：
without和but for 构成虚拟。(but for要不是)
• Without sunlight, people’s life would be different from today. • But for your help, I wouldn’t have finished the work. •But for water, it would be impossible to live in the desert.
5. 虚实结合条件句。 She wasn’t feeling very well. Otherwise she wouldn’t have left the meeting so early. He telephoned me to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known nothing about it.
C、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气
在 suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice 等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟 语气，即（should）+动词原形。 My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference. I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week.
2. 主语从句 1）It’s necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that --- 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即 (should)+动词原形 1.It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language. 2. It is strange that she refuse to come to the party. 3. It’s necessary that we should study hard.
4、状语从句中虚拟语气的用法；
5、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气用法；
6、虚拟语气与陈述语气的判定。
一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法
1.一般条件句中的虚拟语气
时 间
If 条件句
主 句
would should could might
过去 现在
had done
+have done sth
would 助动词 be用 were should 实义动词 do 用 did could might
与未来事实相反
1.If I were you, I ____ C buy the house right now. A. won’t B. don’t C. wouldn’t D. can’t 2. _____more careful, his ship would not have B sunk. A. If the captain were B. If the captain had been C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would have been 3. If he A ___ me tomorrow, I would let him know A. should call B. should not have been able C. were not able D. are not able
名词性从句中的虚拟语气 A、宾语从句中的虚拟语气 在动词 suggest, order, demand, request, desire, insist, require,
decide, determine, advise, recommend, deserve (值得提及) 后
需用 should 型的虚拟语气。 考题点击：
虚拟语气讲解 课件
虚拟语气定义
1.英语动词有三种语气， 陈述语气， 祈使语气和虚拟语气. 2. 定义：用来表示说的话不是事实， 或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的 情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的 语气叫虚拟语气。
虚拟语气的考点 1、一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法； 2、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；
3、名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；
与现在事实相反
3. If I had taken your advice, I wouldn’t have made a mistake.
4. If he had been there, it wouldn’t have happened.
与过去事实相反
5. If it should rain tomorrow, they wouldn’t go for an outing. 6. I think we could do it, if we planned it properly and could borrow the tools. 7. If we were to have three days off , we would enjoy a very happy life.
B before 4 o’clock. 1. The teacher demanded that the work _____
A. finished B. be finished C. should finish D. finish
2. --- What did the doctor say about your mother’s illness?
2）It’s a pity/ no wonder… + that --- 从句中 的动词要用虚拟，表示惊讶，遗憾，惋惜 等感情色彩，即should+动词原形
1.It is a pity that she should refuse to accept the offer. 2. It is no wonder that John should have won the game.
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包括主 语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用虚拟 语气。从句中的动词形式一样。 order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desire
• It’s suggested that the plan be carried out. • My demand is that she should come to see me once a week. • All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory should be closed down.
考题点击： D the examination? 1. Is it necessary that he _____ A. takes B. has to take C. must take D. take 2. It is strange that he _____ B you this. A. would tell B. should tell C. had told D. has told
C --- He suggested that she _____ an operation at once.
A. must have
B. had
C. have
D. had had
B、主语从句中的虚拟语气
基本句型： a. It is suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted； + (should) do b. It is important, necessary, natural, desirable, strange, advisable, imperative… c. It is a pity, a shame, no wonder
2、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；
假设条件虚拟倒装。 条件从句中含有 should，were， had 三个助动词并且放在句首时， 可以把if省略。 If I were you, I would give it up. Were I you, I would give it up. If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again. Had I had time, I would have run round that lake again. If there should be a flood, what should we do? Shoul there be a flood, what should we do?
• We wish our parents wouldn’t punish us.
(未来)
2）主要是表示坚持，命令、要求、建议的 虚拟语气。 一个坚持：insist 两个命令：order, command 三个建议：advise, suggest, propose 四个要求：demand , require, request, desire 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气 用法。即从句中的动词 使用should + 动词原 形，或者将should省略。
• 我们建议Tom去休息一下。 • 他坚决要求我到场。 • 国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。 • 他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。 We suggested that Tom (should) have a rest.
He insisted that I (should) be present. The king ordered that the prisoners (should) be killed the next day. They requested that we (should) send them to work there.
真实语气 + otherwise/or + 虚拟语气
I should have returned the book last week, but I was so busy that I forgot to do so. He could have done the work well, but he was so careless.
考题点击： A 1.His suggestion that you _____ once more sounds reasonable. A. try B. tries C. must try D. can try
虚拟语气 + but + 真实语气
名词从句中虚拟语气的用法
1）wish引导的宾语从句 现在： 过去时 (did/were) wish 过去： 过去完成时 (had done) 未来：would/could/might+V.
should
• I wish I were a bird. (现在)
• I wish I hadn’t made such a mistake. (过去)