知识讲解 Unit 1 British and American English语言点

Unit 1 British and American English语言点学习目标重点词汇differ, remark, steady/steadily, variety, present, common, while, confuse/confusing, attempt, obvious, omit重点短语refer to…as, pick up, as much as, more than, get around, have difficulty (in) doing sth., thanks to.重点句型It doesn’t make much of a difference whether a teacher speaks British or American English.You find sb./ oneself/ sth.…知识讲解重点词汇differ【原句回放】The other two areas in which the two varieties differ are spelling and pronunciation.另外两种语言的不同之处体现在拼写和发音上。

【点拨】differ v. 与……不同Chinese differs greatly from Japanese in pronunciation.汉语与日语在发音上有很大区别。

【拓展】differ from 与……不同differ in 在……方面不同differ with sb. 与（某人）不一致，意见不一致Men differ in habits.人们在习惯方面都各有不同。

She differs from her sister in character.她在性格方面与姐姐不同。

Tom differed with his friend about the plan.汤姆就这个计划与他的朋友不同。

remark【原句回放】When the Irish writer George Bernard Shaw made the famous remark that the British and the Americans are two nations divided by a common language, he was obviously thinking about the differences. 当爱尔兰作家萧伯纳讲那句名言-英国和美国是被同一种语言分开的两个民族-的时候，他显然想到了它们的区别。

【点拨】remark对……发表评论make / pass remarks on / about【拓展1】remark on / uponn. 评论，评述，注意He only made a few remarks on the subject at the meeting.他在会上就那个话题只谈了几句。

She could hear the other girls making rude remarks about her.她能听见其他女孩子对她不客气的评价。

v. 谈到，说起Everyone remarked on his absence.大家对他的缺席议论纷纷。

【拓展2】remarkable adj. 值得注意的，不同寻常的He has made remarkable progress in English.他在英语学习方面取得了显著的进步。

The city is remarkable for its beautiful scenery这座城市以其优美的景色而著称。

remarkably adv.A Benz car is remarkably expensive.奔驰车相当的贵。

steadily/ steady【原句回放】For more than a century communications across the Atlantic have developed steadily. 长达一个多世纪，跨越大西洋的交流一直稳步发展。

【点拨】steady adj. 持续的，不断的steadily adv. 不断地，持续地at a steady rate or pace以稳定的速度或步伐The production of their factory goes steadily upward.他们工厂的产量稳步上升。

A full cup must be carried steadily.谚语：器满则溢（指人在得意时，不要忘乎所以）。

【拓展】steadiness n. 持续性；稳定性variety【原句回放】The other two areas in which the two varieties differ are spelling and pronunciation.另外两种语言的不同之处体现在拼写和发音上。

【点拨】variety n. 变换花样；品种，变种/异a variety of…/ varieties of…各种各样的，多种多样的【拓展】vary vi & vt (会)变化；彼此相异，各不相同varied adj. 各种各样的(形形色色的)various adj. 各种不同的，多种多样的variation n. 变动；改变；变奏曲present【原句回放】The two varieties present the same meaning. 两种变体呈现了相同的意思。

【点拨】presentvt. 颁发，赠送；陈述；呈现，介绍n. 礼物；现在adj. 出席的，在场的；现在的，现存的【拓展】present sth. to sb./present sb. with sth. 向某人赠送(展示、表达)某物at present 目前，现在for the present 目前，眼下；暂且be present at 在场，到场common【原句回放】We have really everything in common with America nowadays，except of course，language．当然除了语言之外。

我们现在与美国的确有许多共同之处。

【点拨】common adj.普遍的，常见的；共同的，公共的；n.共同点，共同之处Today smog is a common occurrence in many major cities.如今烟雾在许多大城市已是司空见惯的事。

Love is our common language.爱是我们共同的语言。

常见搭配：与have...in common相关的搭配：have sth. in common有共同之处have nothing in common没有共同之处have a lot in common有许多共同之处have(a) little in common几乎没有(有)共同之处don’t have much in common没有多少共同点与common的其他搭配：in common公有的，共有的，共同的in common with和……一样out of the common异乎寻常，不平常hold sth. in common共同拥有某物【拓展】common有名词、形容词两种词性。

common，ordinary，usual与normal的区别：common指为许多人或事物所共同具备因而常见。

ordinary指由于与一般事物的性质或标准相同，因而显得平常，无奇特之处。

usual指在某一地方或某一时间内所常见的，往往指常用的东西，或常发生的事情。

normal同usual和regular，意为“正常的，正规的，标准的”。

while【原句回放】Americans use a flashlight, while for the British, it’s a torch．美国人把手电简称为flashlight，而英国人则叫它torch。

【点拨】while在本句中用作连词，(表示对比)意为“而，然而”。

You like tennis, while I’d rather read.你爱打网球，而我爱看书。

Our country has plenty of oil, while yours has none.我们国家有大量的石油，而你们国家则没有。

【拓展1】while用作连词：(1)意为“……的时候”。

While in Vienna he studied music.他在维也纳时学习音乐。

While two detectives were keeping guard at the door, two others opened the parcel.这时两个侦探把着门，另外两个打开包裹。

(2)表让步，意为“虽然，但是”。

While I understand what you say, I can’t agree with you.虽然我理解你的意思，但我还是不同意。

(3)表递进，意为“而且，更有甚者”。

They are having trouble at home，while abroad things are even worse.他们在国内困难重重，而在国外情况更为糟糕。

【拓展2】while还可用作名词，表示“一会儿”。

A short while ago, however, he became a bus driver and he has not regretted it.然而，不久前他当了一名公共汽车驾驶员，他一点儿都不后悔。

常用短语：all the while始终；once in a while偶尔，间或；for a while=for a short time暂时，一时；after a while过了一会儿；in a short while不一会儿confuse/confusing【原句回放】Sometimes the same word has a slightly different meaning，which can be confusing.有时候，同一个单词在意义上一点细微的差别就让人很困惑。

【点拨】confuse v.把(某人)弄糊涂，使迷惑；使为难；把(某事物)搞乱，打乱，混淆；使含糊They confused me by asking so many questions.他们提了一大堆问题，把我都弄糊涂了。

This construction should not be confused with the regular passive.这种句法结构不可与规则变化的被动语态混淆。