初中现在完成时讲解

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2024年中考英语语法复习+—现在完成时课件

2024年中考英语语法复习+—现在完成时课件
They have gone.他们已经走了。
Have you seen the doctor? 你看过医生了吗?
在现在完成时中,当主语是I/you/we/they时,助动词用 have;当主语是第三人称单数时,助动词用has。
三、现在完成时的使用
1.表示过去发生并结束的动作对现在所产生的影响
He has left the city. 他已离开了这个城市。(结果:他不在这个城市。)
一、基本构成:have/has+done
I have finished my homework. 我已完成了作业。 (这里的finished就是动词finish的 过去分词。)
二、现在完成时不同人称的用法 I have washed my car.我洗过车子了。
We have done the whole work.我们干完了所有活儿。
A.practised
B.were practising C.have been practising
C
3 . —Where is mother?
—She is in the kitchen. She ________ the
housework all morning.
A.is doing
B.was doing
B.was studying
C.studied
D.have been studying
D
15 . “I _____ as everyone expects ”, Yao Ming
said .
A.haven’t played
B.haven’t been playing
C.didn’t play
D.am not playing

初中现在完成时讲解

初中现在完成时讲解

现在完成时讲解一、现在完成时的构成(一)肯定式主语+助动词have /has +过去分词+其它说明:这里的have /has是助动词,没有什么具体意义。

当主语是第三人称单数时助动词用has,其余人称一律用have。

has,have的缩略式分别为's或've。

规则动词过去分词的构成与过去式的构成方式一样,不规则动词可参看不规则动词表。

实例:1)I've just copied all the new words .我刚抄写了所有的生词。

(表示不要再抄了)2)She has lost her books .她丢失了她的书。

(表示到目前为止还没有找到)(如果用过去时:She lost her books则强调书是过去丢的这一动作,而不知现在有没有找到)3)We've just cleaned the classroom .我们刚好打扫了教室。

(表明现在教室是干净的)(二)否定式主语+助动词have /has+not+过去分词+其它说明:现在完成时构成否定句时,只需在助动词have /has后面加not就行。

have not,has not的缩略式分别为haven't ,hasn't。

另外,肯定句中有some,already时,改为否定时要分别改成any,yet。

实例:1)I haven't finished my homework yet.我还没有完成我的作业。

2)She hasn't travelled on a train .她没有坐火车旅行过。

3)We have never spoken to a foreigner.我们从来没有和外国人说过话。

注:有时not可以用never代替,表示“从来没有”的意思。

又如:4)I have never seen him before.以前我从来没有见过他。

(三)一般疑问式助动词Have /Has +主语+过去分词+其它?说明:把陈述句中的have或has放到句首,句末打问号,同时把句中的some ,already 改为any ,ye t就构成了一般疑问句。

初中英语现在完成时讲解

初中英语现在完成时讲解

完成时态1。

用法:①过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果:强调结果E。

g:Yesterday I finished my homework, that's to say, I have finished my homeworknow。

②过去已经开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态:强调继续E。

g.::I have lived here since 1990。

2. 现在完成时的构成have\has+过去分词3. 现在完成时的四个基本句型肯定句He has finished the work.一般疑问句Has he finished the work?否定句He has not finished the work.两回答Yes ,he has。

No,he hasn’t.特殊疑问句What has he done?4。

在下列情形下用现在完成时(1)九词语①already已经肯定句中或句尾e.g.:I have already found my pen.= I have found my pen already.②yet已经否定句和疑问句句尾e.g。

:I have not finished the work yet.Have you bought a computer yet?③ever曾经句中e.g.:Have you ever seen pandas?④never从不句中e。

g.:I have never been to Beijing.⑤just刚刚句中e。

g.:I have just done my work.⑥before以前句尾e.g。

:I have never been there before。

⑦so far到目前为止e。

g.:So far he has learnt 200 words。

⑧how long多久e。

g.:How long have you lived here?⑨how many times多少次e.g.:How many times has he been to Beijing?(2)两词组have〈has>gone to去了某地e。

初中现在完成时讲解ppt

初中现在完成时讲解ppt
for
since
for
since
for
since
练习题: 1.It's a long time since we ____ (meet) last, isn't it? 2.--I know you ___________ (choose) a picture book among these. --Yes,Have a look at it, please. 3.So far, spaceships without people ___________ (reach) the moon and some other parts of the universe. 4.My father____ home for nearly three weeks. A.has gone away from B.has left C.has been away from D.went away 5.Mr. and Mrs. Green have_____in China for a week. A.been B.got C.arrived D.reached
eg.--- I’ve lived here for 15 years. eg.--- I’ve lived here since 15 years ago(1990)
选用for和since填空: 1.We haven’t seen each other ______ a long time. 2.His father has been in the factory ______ 10 years ago. 3.The film has been on ______ 20 minutes. 4.Mr Green has worked here ______ he came to China. 5.His grandparents have been dead ______ several years. 6. It’s five years _______ we met last time

初二现在完成时全解

初二现在完成时全解

【初二】现在完成时全解现在完成时是初二下学期要学到的语法内容,也是初中三年的重点和难点。

一. 现在完成时基本结构①肯定句:主语+have/has+动词的过去分词②否定句:主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词③一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句(have/has+主语+过去分词)二. 现在完成时用法1. 现在完成时用来表示过去已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果。

也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在,强调的是现在。

I have already posted the photo.我已经邮寄出了照片。

与此种用法连用的时间状语时一些模糊的过去时间状语,如already (肯定句), yet(否定句/疑问句), just, before, recently, still, lately, never 等。

2. 现在完成时也可用来表示动作或状态发生在过去某一时刻,持续到现在并且有可能会继续持续下去。

He has lived here since 1978.自从1978年以来,他一直住在这儿。

(动作起始于1978年,一直住到现在,可能还要继续住下去。

)此种用法常与for(+时间段),since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用。

谓语动词必须是延续性动词。

有些瞬间动词可变为延续动词:go out----be outfinish----be overopen----be opendie----be deadbuy---havefall ill---be illcome back----be backcatch a cold----have a cold三. 现在完成时常见考法对于现在完成时的考查,多以单选、句型转换或词语运用的形式考查学生在具体语境中灵活运用时态的能力。

在考试中,会让大家判断是否该用现在完成时,或者是考查“瞬间动词”不能与表示一段时间的状语连用”这一知识点。

初中现在完成时讲解完整版

初中现在完成时讲解完整版

1.—Where is your brother? —He ____________ the shop. He’ll be back soon.
2. — ______ you ever _________ to America? —Yes, I ___________ New York twice.
(3)、以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词,将 “y” 变为 “i”, 再加“ ed ”。 study--studied--studied cry—cried--cried (4)、重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母,先双写该辅音 字母,再加“ ed ”。
stop--stopped--stopped drop--dropped--dropped
区别havehas的用法主语若是第三人称单数助动词用has1regularverbs规则变化过去分词与过去时变化规则一样1一般动词在词尾直接加edworkworkedworkedvisitvisitedvisitedlivelived3以辅音字母studystudiedstudiedcrycriedcried4重读闭音节结尾末尾只有一个辅音字母先双写该辅音字母再加edstopstoppedstoppeddropdroppeddropped2irregularverbs不规则变化abbhavehadhadspendspentspentmakemademadesaysaidsaidfindfoundfoundhearheardheard3不规则变化abctaketooktakenspeakspokespokensingsangsungdrivedrovedrivenbewaswerebeengowentgone104不规则变化aaacutcutcutputputputletletletreadreadread不规则变化abacomecamecomebecomebecamebecome表示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成的动作

初中英语现在完成时讲解全(共24张PPT)

初中英语现在完成时讲解全(共24张PPT)

I studied English ten years ago.
(come来到某地….
left the team
has been on C.
表示动作发生在过去,对现在造成的影响。
)
be over
went to bed
填空使用for和since
Tom ___for several hours.
表示动作发生在过去,对现在造成的影响。
• She has lived here ______1996.
• 2 标准词:so far/up to now (到目前为止) ;lately/recently(最近)
• Up to now/So far ,I haven’t been successful.
• Lately/Recently,I haven’t seen my teacher.
3. He bought the motorbike a month ago.
---He ____ ____ the motorbike for a month. 4. He arrived here three days ago.
--- He ____ ____ here since three days ago. 5. They turned off the light 2 hours ago.
(finish结束....)
be over
1.我买这本书三年了。Buy I have bought the book.
(1) I have had the book for 3 years. (2) I have had the book since 3 years ago.
了borrow He has borrow the book. (1)He has kept the book for 2 months . (2) He has kept the book since 2 months ago.

初中英语现在完成时解析

初中英语现在完成时解析
14
—Why is Mr. Yang still in the teachers’ office?
—Maybe he ___B_____ his work yet. A. doesn’t finish B. hasn’t finished C. haven’t finished
( C )【2013广西贵港】 —Do you know the movie Lost in Thailand? —Yes. I ______ it twice. It’s funny. A. saw B. see C. have seen D. will see
(是团员的状态可持续)
比较since和for since 用来说明动作起始时间— “自从……”
for用来说明动作延续时间长度— “长达……”
I have lived here for more than twenty years. I have lived here since I was born. My aunt has worked in a company since 1949. I have not heard from my uncle for a long time. 注意:并非有for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时
5. They turned off the light 2 hours ago.
--- The light ____ ____ ____ for 2 hours.

1. He died 10 years ago.

--- He has been dead for 10 years / since
冬天已经来了,
Winter has already come,

初中现在完成时讲解

初中现在完成时讲解
再加“ ed ”。 ? study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried ?(4)重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母, 先双写该
辅音字母,再加“ ed ”。 ? stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--
dropped
?ABC型 begin began begun;
?
choose chose chosen
3. 现在完成时的否定与疑问
?现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词have或has后面加上not、疑问式 是把助动词提到主语之前。
否定句
疑问句
I have not (haven' t) studied…. Have I studied…?
过去分词 规则动词:直,去,双,变 不规则动词:AAA ,ABB ,ABA ,ABC
主语+ have/has + 过去分词+宾语+状语
规则动词
?(1)一般动词,在词尾直接加“ ed ”。 ? work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited ?(2)以“ e ”结尾的动词,只在词尾加“ d ”。 ? live---lived---lived ?(3)以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词,将 y 变为尠屩,
He has gone to Shanghai. 他(已经)去上海了。
He has been to Shanghai. 他(曾经) 去过上海。
have(has) been in
?表示“在某地呆多长时间 ”,常与表示一段时间的状语 连用,如:since, for, how long 等。例如:

初中现在完成时系列讲解

初中现在完成时系列讲解

1851 1903 1907
People have read newspaper since 1610 . People have read newspaper for about 400 years.
第13页/共44页
抄写动词以及过去式和过去分词。
1.be-- was/were --been e— came--come
Have you had breakfast ?
5. 她刚刚离开.
She has just left.
(leave-left)
第7页/共44页
A: Have you surfed the internet (上网)? B: Yes, I have . / No, I haven’t.
第8页/共44页
第11页/共44页
现在完成时
二: 用法: 2)现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 She has learned English for 5 years. He has lived in Beijing since ( 自从)he was born . Have you stayed here since ( 自从) 3 o’clock?
for: (长达)
for+ 时间段 He has kept the book for 2 weeks.
Take notes
第18页/共44页
用for 或since填空
1. Mr. Brown has had his TV __fo_r _____ 15 years. 2. I’ve taken driving lessons __s_in_ce_____ last month. 3. My sister has had her cell phone __f_o_r ____ a month . 4. My friends haven’t visited me __s_in_ce_______ my birthday. 5. We haven’t used our car __fo_r_____ a long time . 6. She hasn’t had a good cup of coffee __fo_r ______ years. 7. Tom has worn glasses __si_nc_e_____ he was 7 years old.

浅谈初中英语中“现在完成时”的用法

浅谈初中英语中“现在完成时”的用法

浅谈初中英语中“现在完成时”的用法1. 引言1.1 什么是现在完成时现在完成时是英语中一种重要的时态,它用来描述过去发生的事情对现在产生的影响或连接。

具体来说,现在完成时表示过去某个时间点开始的动作或状态一直延续到现在,或者对当前时间有持续的影响。

比如:I have lived in this city for five years.(我在这个城市住了五年了)。

这句话中的现在完成时表示自五年前开始住在这个城市,一直到现在还在继续住。

现在完成时通常由助动词“have/has”加上过去分词构成,例如:“I have seen that movie before.”(我以前看过那部电影)。

“have”是助动词,根据主语的人称变化为“has”,“seen”是过去分词。

需要注意的是,如果句子的主语是第三人称单数,使用“has”,其他情况使用“have”。

现在完成时的用法有很多,可以表示已经完成的动作、持续性的动作或经验等。

在学习现在完成时的过程中,需要注意时态的准确性和上下文的连贯性,以确保表达清晰准确。

在后续的内容中,我们将进一步探讨现在完成时的构成和用法。

1.2 现在完成时的构成现在完成时是由助动词"have/has"和过去分词构成的。

"have"用于第一人称单数(I),第三人称单数(he/she/it)和复数形式(we/you/they),而"has"仅用于第三人称单数形式。

过去分词的构成规则有以下几种情况:1. 一般动词:动词原形后面加上"-ed",如"played"。

2. 以不发音的"e"结尾的动词:直接在动词原形后加上"-d",如"asked"。

3. 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词:双写最后一个辅音字母,再加上"-ed",如"stopped"。

初中英语语法现在完成时精讲PPT

初中英语语法现在完成时精讲PPT
• 2. We went to the USA last Monday. Today is Monday . We h_a_v_e_s_t_a_y_ed_ (stay) in the USA since last Monday.
since and for
The woman has worked at this school for 2 years.( since two years ago)
4. 现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语 连用,如often, sometimes, ever, never, twice, on several occasion等:
Have you ever been to Beijing? I have never heard of Bunny. I have used this pen only three times. George has met that gentleman on several occasions.
__f_o_r __two days
__s_in_c_e__1997
__si_n_ce__yesterday
__fo_r___two weeks
afternoon
___s_in_c_e _three years
__si_n_ce__I came here ago
__si_n_ce__last Sunday __s_in_c_e__ last month
for + 时间段 for 2 years/a long time
since+时间点 since 2 years ago
since 1998 since she came to the school)
一、用for和since填空。

初中现在完成时讲解

初中现在完成时讲解

现在完成时表示:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响。

一、结构:have /has (助动词)+done(过去分词)二、基本句式肯定句:主语+have/has+done+其他否定句:在助动词have/has后加上否定词not (haven’t,hasn’t)一般疑问句:将助动词have或has提到句首,肯定回答是:Yes,主语+have/has. 否定回答是:No,主语+have/has not.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句三、常用标志词:1、already(已经), never(从不), ever(曾经), just(刚刚), before(以前), yet(已经),so far(到目前为止)。

四、用法 :1、用来表示之前已经发生或完成的动作或状态,而其结果却和现在有联系: 动作或状态发生在过去,但它的影响现在还存在,可以和already, never, ever, just, before, yet等副词连用。

例如:I have had my lunch. (我已经吃过午饭了,也就是说我现在不饿) I can’t find my watch now. I think I have already lost it. (丢手表发生在过去,但现在还没有找到,即过去的动作对现在造成的影响。

) He has seen the film. So he won’t go with us. (看电影发生在过去,但现在仍然记得它的内容。

) *already与yet都有“已经”的意思,但already常用于肯定句,放在have/has之后,过去分词之前。

yet常用于否定句和疑问句,并用于句末。

例如:I have already finished my homework.I haven’t finished my homework yet. Have you finished your homework yet?2、表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态,可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在(包括“现在”在内)的一段时间的状语连用,如for+时间段、since+过去的时间点、疑问词how long等。

初中英语现在完成时态详细讲解及其练习

初中英语现在完成时态详细讲解及其练习
我们(开始)学英语已三年了。
注意事项
单击此处可添加副标题
have been(to)与 have gone( to)的区别:have been(to)表示“去过某地(现在已经回来了)”,可用于 各人称;have gone(to)表示“去某地了(说话时某人不 在当地)”,常用于第三人称,前者可与 once , never, several times 等连用,后者则不能。
pictures ❖ (A ) has just (B)have ever (C)has yet
(D)have already
❖ 二 选择填空
_ ❖ ( ) 1. ——Have you finished your homework ——Yes, I it last night ❖ (A) finish (B) finished (C) have finished (D) will finish
三 用 since 和 for 填空 (一)
❖ 1) ______ two years _______ two years ago 2) _______ last month 3) _______ yesterday 4) _______ an hour ago 5) ______ she left here 6) _______ 4 o’clock 8) ______ 1999
归纳总结:由非延续性动词到延续性动 词的转换
• arrive→be here die →be dead begin (start)→ be on • come back→ be back fall ill (sick, asleep )→be ill (sick,
asleep) leave →be away get up→ be up finish →be over • open →be open close →be closed borrow →keep • be on →be in 或 be a member of… go to school→be a

初中英语语法——现在完成时知识点总结归纳

初中英语语法——现在完成时知识点总结归纳

初中英语语法——现在完成时知识点总结归纳现在完成时(Present Perfect Tense)是英语中一个非常重要的时态,表示过去发生的动作或状态与现在的关系,它的构成是“have/has+过去分词”。

一、构成现在完成时的构成由助动词have/has和动词的过去分词构成。

根据主语的单复数和人称,使用不同的助动词:“have”用于第一、第二人称以及第三人称复数,“has”用于第三人称单数。

例如:- I have finished my homework.- She has gone to the park.二、用法1.表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。

例如:- I have lost my key.(我丢了我的钥匙,我现在找不到它。

)- They have finished their meal.(他们已经吃完饭了,现在空饭碗。

)2.表示过去一些时间之前已经开始的动作一直延续到现在或仍然继续。

例如:- She has lived in this city for five years.(她已经在这个城市住了五年了。

)3.表示以过去为起点的一段时间内发生的动作。

例如:- We have visited many famous cities in Europe.(我们在欧洲访问了很多著名的城市。

)- They have read a lot of books.(他们已经读了很多书。

)4.表示刚刚发生的动作或经验。

例如:- I have just arrived at the airport.(我刚刚到达机场。

)- Have you ever been to Paris?(你去过巴黎吗?)5. 现在完成时常与表示时间的副词连用,如already(已经)、recently(最近)、just(刚刚)、ever(曾经)、never(从未)、yet (仍然)等。

例如:- I have already finished my homework.(我已经完成了我的作业。

初中英语现在完成时详解

初中英语现在完成时详解
Have/Hasbeen (to) :去过(已不在去过的地方)
Myfatherhasbeen toShanghai.
Have/has beenin:呆了多久(还在所呆的地方)
Myfatherhasbeen inShanghaifor two months. /since twomonthsago.
5、现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用,如yesterday,lastyear, in1976, twodaysago, justnow, whenI came in,但可以和already,yet, sometimes,always,often,before, lately, recently,once,twice,ever,never等连用。不能与when连用。
Ihaveoften seen himinthestreet.我经常在街上看见他。
Theyhave neverbeentoYan’an.他们从未去过延安。
Ihaven't seen himlately.我近来没看到他。
三、现在完成时的标志
1、现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义:
*以already,just和yet为标志
Hehas alreadygotherhelp.他已得到她的帮助。
He has just seenthe film.他刚刚看过这场电影。
Hehasn't comeback yet.他还没有回来。
*以ever和never为标志
This isthebestfilmI have ever seen.这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。
④since+从句(过去时)
⑤It is+时段+since+从句(过去时)

初中英语现在完成时[1]

初中英语现在完成时[1]

现在完成时讲解与练习如果你想说“我已经看过某部电影,所以不想看了”、“某人曾经做过什么事情”等等,该如果表达呢?首先请看下面的句子:(1)I have seen the film. I don’t want to see it again.这部电影我已经看过,不想再看了。

(2)Have you answered all the questions? 所有的问题你都回答了吗?(3)Have you ever looked at a travel brochure?你看过旅游宣传册吗?(4)She has never visited the USA.她从没有过去美国。

观察:以上句子的谓语动词的一个共同特点是_____________________________, 用于表示在以前的某个时间曾经做过的、发生的事情,这种行为对目前有某种影响。

我们把这种时态称为“现在完成时”。

一、现在完成时的概念。

①现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。

说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。

She has bought a car 她买了一辆车。

She has arrived. 她到了。

② 表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。

We've known each other since we were children. (我们从小就认识。

)I have been a member of the Party for 10 years.二、构成:”助动词have, has + 过去分词”现在完成时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式(以work为例):练. 把下面变否定句、一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答。

1. I have done my homework.否定句:_______________________________________一般疑问句:___________________________________回答:_________________________________________2. The plane has arrived.否定句:_______________________________________一般疑问句:___________________________________回答:_________________________________________三、现在完成时用法归纳1. 现在完成时表示过去发生的动作现已完成,对现在造成的影响和结果。

初中英语现在完成时详解

初中英语现在完成时详解

当前完毕时之阳早格格创做一、当前完毕时形成形成:当前完毕时由帮动词汇have + 往日分词汇形成,帮动词汇have 有人称战数的变更.第三人称单数用has,其余用have.当前完毕时的可定式曲交正在帮动词汇后里加上not、疑问式是把帮动词汇提到主语之前.以study 为例,其可定式、疑问式战简朴回问形式如下:二、当前完毕时用法1、当前完毕时常常表示正在谈话之前已经完毕的动做或者存留的状态.谈话人强调的是该动做或者状态对于当前的截行或者做用.My daughter has just gone out. 尔女女刚刚进去.I’m sure we’ve met before. 尔肯定咱们往日睹过里.She has arrived. 她到了.2、表示持绝到当前的动做或者状态,往往战包罗当前正在内的表示一段时间的状语连用,如recently, already, just, lately, for…, since…,yet等.如:I haven’t heard from her these days. 那些日子尔不支到她的疑. We haven’t seen you recently. 迩去咱们不睹到您.They have been away for two years. 他们离启已经二年了. She has been with us since Monday.①for+时段②since+往日一个时间面(译为:自从……此后)③since+时段+ago④since+从句(往日时)⑤It is+时段+since+从句(往日时)Mary has been ill for three days.I have lived here since 1998.注意:since战for的辨别since后交时间面,如1993,last term, yesterday, the time I got therefor后交一段时间,表示“少达多暂”,如ten years, a while, two days等.3、表示短促意思的动词汇如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等,正在完毕时核心不克不迭战表示一段时间的状语连用,果为它们表示的动做不可能持绝.果此,不克不迭道:He has come here for 2 weeks. ×The old man has died for 4 months. ×They have left only for 5 minutes. ×4、has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in) 的辨别Have/Has gone(to) :去了(当前不正在谈话现场,大概正在路上战已经到)Where is your father?He has gone to Shanghai.Have/Has been (to) :去过(已不正在去过的场合)My father has been to Shanghai.Have/has been in:呆了多暂(还正在所呆的场合)My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /since two months ago.5、当前完毕时不克不迭战表示往日的时间状语连用,如yesterday, last year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when I came in,但是不妨战already, yet, sometimes, always, often, before,lately, recently, once, twice, ever, never等连用.不克不迭取when 连用.当前完毕时往往共表示不决定的往日时间状语连用比圆:She has already come. 她已经去了.I haven’t read it yet. 尔还出读过那个.I have met him before. 尔从前曾睹过他.Ma Hong has always been a good student. 马白向去是个佳教死.I have often seen him in the street. 尔时常正在街上瞅睹他. They have never been to Yan’an. 他们从已去过延安.I haven't seen him lately. 尔近去出瞅到他.三、当前完毕时的标记1、当前完毕时的含意之一是往日完毕的动做对于当前仍有做用,用以下四大标记词汇不妨表白那种含意:* 以already, just战yet为标记He has already got her help.他已得到她的帮闲.He has just seen the film.他刚刚刚刚瞅过那场影戏.He hasn't come back yet.他还不回去.* 以ever战never为标记This is the best film I have ever seen.那是尔曾瞅过的最佳的一部影戏.He has never been to Beijing.他从不到过北京.* 以动做爆收的次数为标记He says he has been to the USA three times. 他道他已经去过好国三次了.* 以so far(到暂时为行)为标+beforeHe has got to Beijing so far.到暂时为行他已到了北京.She has passed the exam so far.到暂时为行她已经通过了考查.2.往日已经启初的动做向去延绝到当前, 以至有大概继承延绝下去,咱们不妨从动做“延绝”的个性战“时间”面段的区别进脚,进一步教习当前完毕时.①for+时段②since+往日一个时间面(往日从句)为标记四、瞬间动词汇buy, die, join, come,go ,leave, join ……不克不迭曲交取forsince 连用.要改变动词汇buy----have borrow -----keepcome/arrive/reach/get to-----be ingo out----be out leave ----be awaybegin-----be on finish----be overopen----be open close -----be closeddie----be dead1、have代替buyMy brother has had(不克不迭用has bought) this bike for almost four years.2、用keep或者have代替borrowI have kept(不克不迭用have borrowed) the book for quite a few days.3、用be代替becomeHow long has your sister been a teacher?4、用have a cold代替catch a coldTom has had a cold since the day before yesterday.5、用wear代替put on6、用“be+形容词汇”代末行性动词汇be+married代marry be+ill代fall (get) illbe+dead代die be+asleep代fall (get) asleepbe+awake代wake/wake up be+gone代lose,die,sell,leavebe+open代open be closed代close/shutbe+missing(gone,lost)代lose7、用“be+副词汇”代末行性动词汇be+on代startbegin“be+up”代get up“be+back(to)”代return to, come back to, go back to“be here (there)”代come(arrive, reach, get) here或者go (arrive, reach, get) there8、用“be+介词汇短语”代末行性动词汇1.“be in/at +天面”代替go to /come to2.用be in the army 代替join the army3.“be in/at +天面”代替move to时常使用瞬间动词汇变延绝性动词汇表:1. have arrived at/in sw. got to/reached sw. come/gone/moved to sw.→have been in sw./at…相映的介词汇2. have come/gone back/returned → have been back3. have come/gone out →have been out4. have become → have been5. have closed / opened→ have been close/open6. have got up → have been up;7. have died → have been dead;8. have left sw. → have been away from sw.9. have fallen asleep/got to sleep → have been asleep;10. have finished/ended/completed → have been over;11. have married → have been married;12. have started/begun to do sth. → have done sth.;13. have begun → have been on14. have borrowed/b ought →have kept/had15. have lost → haven’t had16. have put on →have worn17. have caught /get a cold → have had a cold;18. have got to know → have known19. have/has gone to → have been in20. have joined/have taken part in the league/the Party/the arm y→have been a member of/ have been in/have been the Party’s member/the league member/the soldier…。

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初中现在完成时讲解
现在完成时
第一部分
现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,也可表示过去已经开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态。

学习现在完成时,先从结构和
句式开始:
构成:主语+ have/has + 过去分词+ 其他。

(当主语是第三人称单数时用has,其余人称用have。

过去分词:规则动词的过去分词构成与动词过去式相同;不规则
动词需要特殊记忆。

)
否定式:主语+ haven't/hasn't + 过去分词+ 其他。

疑问式: Have /Has + 主语+ 过去分词+ 其他?
简略答语: Yes, 主语+ have/has.(肯定)
No, 主语+ haven't/hasn't.(否定)
第二部分
现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标志
词可以表达这种含义:
* 以already, just和yet为标志
already, just和yet 表示到现在为止动作或状态已经、刚刚或还没有发生。

* 以ever和never为标志
ever和never 表示到现在为止动作或状态曾经或从来没有发生过。

* 以动作发生的次数为标志
若某一动作到现在为止已经发生了若干次,则要使用现在完成时。

* 以so far为标志
so far往往表示到目前为止动作或状态已经发生。

第三部分
过去已经开始的动作一直延续到现在, 甚至有可能继续延续下去,我们可以从动作“延续”的特性和“时间”点段的区分入手,进一步学习现在完成时。

英语中的动词从词义上可以分为延续性和非延续性两种,在现在完成时态中一定要注意动词这一特性,应将这类非延续性动词转换为延续性动词。

* 时间“点”、“段”须分清
过去开始的动作可以延续到某一点结束,也可能继续延续,这时就要根据时间
“点”、“段”选择相应的介词for或since。

第四部分
一、动词的过去分词形式:通常一个动词的过去分词和他的过去式是一样的,在动词后面加ed构成过去分词,但是有一些动词的过去分词有不规则的形式。

二、当have被用在现在完成时态中时,它可以和前面的代名词一起组成
缩写形式。

三、现在完成时用not来表达否定形式。

当有not出现的时候,have可以
和not组成缩写,但是此时不能和前面的代名词组成缩写。

第五部分现在完成时和一般过去时的区别
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