时态、语态、倒装、主谓一致

6. 单数名词+and +单数名词表示同一事物或指同一个人
1. A writer and educator has visited our college. 2. Bread and butter is nutritious. 3. Slow and steady wins the race. 4. Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy.
If you put your hear into it, you will find it easy.
第一讲. 第一讲
动词的语态、 动词的语态、时态
一、动词的语态（主态、被态） By the end of this month, the new building _________. A. is to be built B will have been built C. will be built D. will have built 另一常考语态是主动表被动意义，即 某物 + need /require/want+ Ving The room needs _cleaning_____(clean). The room needs to __be cleaned______(clean)
6. 连接词按时as well as, together with, along with等连接的两 个主语,谓语动词的数与前一个主语保持一致 e.g. 1. The bat together with the balls was stolen. 2. You as well as he are wrong. 3. Nobody but/except the teachers knows anything about it. Note: A with B A accompanied by B A including B A no less than B A besides B 谓语动词的数与A保持一致
第二讲. 第二讲 主谓语倒装
2. 固定倒装：so引起的倒装与肯定句呼应 固定倒装： 引起的倒装与肯定句呼应 nor, neither引起的倒装与否定句呼应 e.g. 1. He never went there again, nor did he write to apologize. 2. I’m quite willing to help the poor, so are the members in my family. 3. Wood can not conduct electricity, nor can glass. 4. He can not speak, neither can he hear.
7.数词+名词(表示长短,重量,温度,时间及金钱等)作主语,当作 “单一的数量”时,
谓语动词用单数形式 1. Eight hours of sleep is not enough for a baby. 2. Three miles is as far as they can walk.
3. Sixty dollars is a high price for a dictionary. 8. “the only one of+复数名词”后的关系从句中,谓语动词用单数形式; “one of + 复数名词”后的关系从句中,谓语动词用复数形式 e.g. 1. John is the only one of those boys who likes gym class. 2. This is the only one of those dishes which has to be cooked outdoors. 3. Jane is one of those women who always keep up with the latest fashion.
10. 动名词，动词不定式，主语从句 动名词，动词不定式， 11. 单数名词 or+单数可数名词 单数名词+ 单数可数名词
二、主语为下列情况，谓语为复数： 1.复数可数名词或代词； 2.表示人的复数名词people， personnel（全体职员）等用作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式
3.表示一种物品的复数名词glasses， shorts，scissors等作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式 e.g. 1. My glasses were broken. 2. Your shorts （短裤）， are torn. You’d better change them. 3. The scissors（剪刀） are very blunt. 其他用复数表示物品的名词：clothes, compasses（圆规）, pants（裤子）, spectacles（眼镜）, trousers
3.
时间状语从句 hardly … when scarcely … when No sooner … than
No sooner had they gathered in the grain than it began to rain. Scarcely had we got to the plant when we started to work. Hardly had the plane landed when the people ran toward it.
Be引导让步状语从句必须用倒装 e.g. Be it rainy or sunny, I’ll go out. Be it ever so late, I must do another experiment
5. 条件状语从句 Were + 主语+to +V Should +主语+V +主句 Had + 主语+Ved +主句 e.g. 1. Had you been there, you would have met her. 2. Should you come tomorrow, I should give you the book. 3. Had she found the buyer, she would have sold the house.
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4. all, many, most, some, a few, the rest, a great number, half, the majority, the flock + of +复数可数名词 • 5.用either…or, neither…nor, or, not only…but also, not…but连接的 用 连接的 两个主语, 两个主语 谓语动词的数则跟靠近动词的那个主语一致 e.g. 1. One or two days are enough to see the city. 2. Either he or I Βιβλιοθήκη Baidum in the wrong. 3. Neither I nor he is in the wrong. 4. Are you or is he to blame? 5. Not only you but also he is to blame for the accident
第三讲. 第三讲
单复数一致
一、主语为下列情况，谓语为单数： 1.单数可数名词或代词;
2. 不可数名词； 3.-s 结尾的一些名词：means, news, the United States… 4. 表示学科或疾病等以Ｓ结尾的名词如 表示学科或疾病等以Ｓ结尾的名词如statistics, measles, acoustics（声学 （声学） e.g. 1. Statistics （统计学） is an indispensable analytical tool in modern society. 2. Mathematics is a required subject at school. 3. Measles （风疹） is a dangerous diseases for pregnant women. economics, electronics（电子学）, genetics, mechanics（力学）, optics（光学）, phonetics, politics 5. 集合名词做主语时，若指一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式，若指其中各个组成成员， 谓语动词用复数形式: army, company, committee, crew, firm, group, government, majority, minority, police, public, etc.
2. Mr. Smith told me that he __________ for me for two hours. A. was waiting C. has been waiting B. had been waiting D. is waiting
第二讲. 第二讲 主谓语倒装
1. 否定词及短语在句首，部分倒装： e.g. never,little, barely, hardly, scarcely, seldom, nowhere, not , at no time, under no circumstance, by no means, in no case, in vain, not until, not only, only e.g. 1. Little does he realize the danger he is in. 2. Seldom does a man live to be a hundred years old. 3. Rarely does the temperature go above 35 oC in summer in Beijing. 4. Not until 1776 did the American colonies declare their independence from England
二、动词的时态 1. 现在完成时、过去完成时、完成进行时 2. 主从句时态的呼应 1. We began our experiments after we __________. A. had read the instructions C. would read the book B. have read the instruction D. were reading the notes
倒装
6.副词倒装：only, often, many a time 等位于 句首时，把助动词或系动词be放在主语前面 e.g. 1. Only by working hard can we succeed in doing everything. 2. Many a time has he given me good advice. 3. Often have we tried that test.
倒装
7) 副词倒装：here, there, down, up, now等副词位于句首，名词为主语时， 谓语动词要置于主语前面 e.g. 1. Up and Up went the price. 2. Here comes the general manager. 3. Now comes your turn, but take your time. Note: 1. 当表示“位置”及“处所” 的介词短语或副词位于句首时， 主语和谓语调换位置，形成倒装． e.g. At the side of the hill stood an old house. 2. 当主语为代词时，即使放在句首也不用倒装结构． e.g. Here he comes. There she goes.
9. each, every, many a + 单数可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式 单数可数名词， e.g. 1. Every boy and (every) girl is eager to learn English. 2. Each book and magazine is listed in the card catalog.
4. 让步状语从句 A. as， though 句型倒装 1. Difficult though the task was, they managed to accomplish it in time. 2. Hard as he worked, he still failed in the exam. B. Be + 主语+表语。