研究生英语下册第三单元课文翻译
研究生综合英语3 unit 1, 2,3,7,8 原文+译文+重点【辛辛苦苦总结的期末资料】
1.Unit OneA Question of Degree对学位的质疑Perhaps we should rethink an idea fast becoming an undisputed premise of American life that a college degree is necessary(and perhaps even a sufficient) precondition for success.I do not wish to quarrel with the assumptions made about the benefits of orthodox education.I want only to expose its false god:the four-year, all-purpose,degree-granting college,aimed at the so-called college-age population and by now almost universally accepted as the stepping-stone to“meaningful”and “better”jobs.What is wrong with the current college/work cycle can be seen in the following anomalies:we are selling college to the youth of American as a take-off pad for the material good life.College is literally advertised and packaged as a means for getting more money through“better”jobs at the same time that Harvard graduates are taking jobs as taxi drivers.This situation is perversion of the true spirit of a university，a perversion of a humane social ethic and，at bottom，a patent fraud.To take the last point first,the economy simply is not geared to guaranteeing these presumptive “better”jobs;the colleges are not geared to training for such jobs;and the ethical propriety of the entire enterprise is very questionable.We are by definition(rather than by analysis)establishing two kinds of work:work labeled“better”because it has a degree requirement tagged to it and nondegree work,which,through this logic, becomes automatically“low level”.This process is also destroying our universities.The“practical curriculum”must become paramount;the students must become servants of big business and big government.Under these conditions the university can no longer be an independent source of scientific and philosophic truth-seeking and moral criticism.Finally,and most important，we are destroying the spirit of youth by making college compulsory at adolescence,when it may be least congruent with emotional and physical needs;and we are denying college as an optional and continuing experience later in life,when it might be most congruent with intellectual and recreational needs.Let me propose an important step to reverse these trends and thus help restore freedom and dignity to both our colleges and our workplaces.We should outlaw employment discrimination based on college degrees.This would simply be another facet of our“equal-opportunity”policy and would add college degrees to sex,age, race,religion and ethnic group as inherently unfair bases for employment selection.People would，wherever possible，demonstrate their capacities on the job.Where that proved impractical，outside tests could still serve.The medical boards，bar exams，mechanical，mathematical and verbal aptitude tests might still be used by various enterprises.The burden of proof of their legitimacy，however，would remain with the using agencies.So too would the costs.Where the colleges were best equipped to impart a necessary skill they would do so，but only where it would be natural to the main thrust of a university endeavor.The need for this rethinking and for this type of legislation may best be illustrated by a case study.Joe V.is a typical liberal-arts graduate，fired by imagination art and literature.He took a job with a large New York City Bank，where he had the opportunity to enter the“assistant manager training program”.The trainees rotated among different bank departments to gain technical know-how and experience and also received classroom instruction，including some sessions on“how to write a business letter.”The program was virtually restricted to college graduates. At the end of the line，the trainees became assistant bank managers：a position consisting largely of giving simple advice to bank customers and a modest amount of supervision of employees.Joe searched for some connection between the job and the training program，on the one hand，and his college-whetted appetites and skills on the other.He found nothing.In giving Joe preference for the training program,the bank had bypassed a few enthusiastic aspirants already dedicated to a banking career and daily demonstrating their competence in closely related jobs.After questioning his superiors about the system,Joe could only conclude that the“top brass”had some very diffuse and not-too-well–researched or even well-thought-out conceptions about college men. The executives admitted that a college degree did not of itself ensure the motivation or the verbal or social skills needed.Nor were they about what skills were most desirable for their increasing diverse branches.Yet they clung to the college prerequisite.Business allows the colleges to act as recruiting,screening and training agencies for them because it saves money and time.Why colleges allow themselves to act as servicing agents may not be as apparent.One reason may be that colleges are increasingly becoming conventional bureaucracies.It is inevitable,therefore,that they should respond to the first and unchallenged law of bureaucracy:expand!The more that college’s can persuade outside institutions to restrict employment in favor of theirclientele,the stronger is the college’s hold and attraction.This rational becomes even clearer when we understand that the budgets of public universities hang on the number of students“serviced”.Seen from this perspective,then,it is perhaps easier to understand why such matters as“university independence”or“the propriety”of using the public bankroll to support enterprises that are expected to make private profits, can be dismissed.Conflict of interest is difficult to discern when the interests involved are your own.What is equally questionable is whether a college degree,as such,is proper evidence that new skills that are truly needed will be delivered.A friend who works for Manpower Training Program feels that there is a clear divide between actual job needs and college-degree requirements.One of her chief frustration is the knowledge that many persons with ability to do paraprofessional mental-health work are lost to jobs they could hold with pleasure and profit because the training program also require a two-year associate art degree.Obviously,society can and does manipulate job status.I hope that we can manipulate it in favor of the greatest number of people.More energy should be spent in trying to upgrade the dignity of all socially useful work and to eliminate the use of human beings for any work that proves to be truly destructive of the human spirit. Outlawing the use of degrees as prerequisites for virtually every job that our media portray as“better”should carry us a long step toward a healthier society.Among other things,there is far more evidence that work can make college meaningful than that college can make work meaningful.My concern about this degree/work cycle might be far less acute;however,if everyone caught up in the system were having a good time.But we seem to be generating a college population that oscillates between apathy and hostility.One of the major reasons for this joylessness in our university life is that the students see themselves as prisoners of economic necessity.They have bought the media message about better jobs,and so they do their time.But the promised land of“better”job is, on the one hand,not materializing,and on the other hand the students is by now socialized to find such“better”jobs distasteful even if they were to materialize.One of the major improvements that could result from the proposed legislation against degree requirements for employments would be a new stocktaking on the part of all our educational pulsory schools,for example,would understand that the basic skills for work and family life in our society would have to be compressed into those years of schooling.Colleges and universities,on the other hand,might be encouraged to be unrestricted,as continuous and as open as possible.They would be released from the pressures of ensuring economic survival through a practical curriculum.They might best be modeled after museums.Hours would be extensive，fees minimal，and services available to anyone ready to comply with course-by-course demands.College under these circumstances would have a clearly understood focus，which might well be the traditional one of serving as gathering place for those persons who want to search for philosophic and scientific“truths”.This proposal should help our universities rid themselves of some strange and gratuitous practices.For example，the university would no longer have to organize itself into hierarchical levels：B.A.,M.A.,PH.D.There would simply be courses of greater and lesser complexity in each of the disciplines.In this way graduate education might be more rationally understood and accepted for what it is——more education.The new freedom might also relieve colleges of the growing practice of instituting extensive“work programs,”“internships”and“independence study”programs.The very names of these enterprises are tacit admissions that the campus itself is not necessary for many genuinely educational experiences.But,along with “external degree”programs,they seem to pronounce that whatever one has learned in life by whatever diverse and interesting routes cannot be recognized as increasing one’s dignity,worth,usefulness or self-enjoyment until it is converted into degree credits.The legislation I propose would offer a more rational order of priorities.It would help recapture the genuine and variegated dignity of workplace along with the genuine and more specialized dignity of the university.It would help restore to people of all ages and inclinations a sense of their own basic worth and offer them as many roads as possible to reach Rome.Vocabulary1.What look like generous hire-purchase terms are fundamentally just encouragement to the customer to spend his very last penny.【at bottom】2.A lot of viewers complain that there is too much crime and needless sex and violence on TV.【gratuitous无端的】3.I read a brief extract of Erving Goffman's new detective novel on the train and it has rather aroused my appetite for mysteries.【whetted引起】4.The article simply records the political changes of the last year,but it doesn't offer an honest appraisal of the government's achievements.【stocktaking评价估量】st week the city government warned that it would consider legislation to forbid smoking in public places.【outlaw不合法】6.Is it not something of an oddity to have a President of one political persuasion and a Prime Minister of another.【anomaly异常】7.These bigger companies have the money,but they don't always have the expertise to get the job done right.【know-how技能】8.As a member of the club,you must abide by its rules and regulations,otherwise you'll be punished severely.【comply with遵照，遵守】9.Asked whether she would like to work with Jack in my office，Mary replied"No" with obvious distaste.【patent显然的】10.There are many priorities,but reducing the budget deficit as soon as possible is more important than anything else.【paramount最高的】1.What monstrous perversion扭曲of the human spirit leads a sniper to open fire on a bus carrying children2.His writing is so diffuse冗长，obscure and overwrought that it is difficult to make out what it is he is trying to say3.We were in a hurry so we decided to bypass忽略Canterbury because we knew there'd be a lot of traffic there.4.The office director insisted that there was no question as to the propriety合适ofhow the benevolent funds were raised.5.Hector has been trying to get his job upgraded升级for years,but management won't because they'd have to pay him more.6.As a moody young adolescent,Mandy oscillates波动between joyous enthusiasm and melodramatic despair,most especially when it comes to boys.7·How successful they were would hang on坚持下去the speed with which the product could be distributed to the shops.8.Judging by the books sold，this young writer seems to have a strong hold over the reading public.9.If I were you,I would never allow my daughter to attend a such apathy冷漠exists among both the students and teachers.10.She rose,came up to me and said:“Could you provide me with a clear rationale 解释for taking this course of action"2.Unit Two The Middle Class中产阶级The middle class is distinguishable more by its earnestness and psychic insecurity than by its middle income.I have known some very rich people who remain stubbornly middle-class,which is to say they remain terrified at what others think of them,and to avoid criticism are obsessed with doing everything right.The middle class is the place where table manners assume an awful importance...The middle class,always anxious about offending,is the main market for"mouthwashes," and if it disappeared the whole"deodorant"business would fall to the ground.中产阶级有另别于其他阶级的特征是他们一本正经的生活态度和缺乏安全感的精神状态，而不是他们的中等收入。
研究生综合英语unit3课文译文
U8 Further Reading论工作伯特兰·罗素工作会带来幸福, 还是招致不幸, 这是一个值得讨论的问题。
当然，有惹人烦恼的工作，而且过量的工作总是让人头疼的。
但是，在我看来，只要工作不超量，对大多数人来说，无所事事比最乏味的工作更让人痛苦。
工作可以分为不同类别，有的工作纯粹是为了解除烦闷，有的工作可以带来最大的乐趣，这都因工作性质和工作者的能力而异。
大部分人不得不做的大部分工作本身并没有什么意思，即便如此，此类工作仍有很大好处。
首先，这些工作占用了一天中的大量时间，因此不必为决定自己这天该干什么发愁。
如果可以自由安排自己的时间，大部分人会心中茫然，找不到什么令自己愉悦的事情去做。
并且一旦决定做某件事情，他们心里总觉得可能有别的事情会让自己更舒心。
当今的文明并未达到使人们能非常聪明地安排闲暇时间的程度，目前还很少有人能做到这一点。
除了那些有着超常创造力的人，大部分人都乐意在一天中的每个时段都有人指点自己该做什么，只要这种指点不要过分地让人不愉快。
很多闲得无聊的富人，虽然从繁忙的工作中解放了出来，然而付出的代价却是要承受难以言传的沉闷乏味，有时，他们去非洲狩猎，或者周游世界，来寻找解脱，但这种刺激是有限的，特别是当你不再年轻时。
所以更加明智的富有男人像穷人一样卖力地工作，但贵妇将大多数时间都消磨于数不清的鸡毛蒜皮的小事上，自己还以为在是在做什么惊天动地的大事。
所以人还是需要工作的，首先工作可以摒除沉闷, 因为一个人在做单调却有必要的事情时尽管会感到乏味，但这同整日无所事事的无聊相比根本算不了什么。
工作还带来另一种好处, 即当节假日到来时，会感到特别惬意。
假如一个人没有因工作过于劳累以致损耗精力,那么他在闲暇时会比一般人有更高的热情。
大部分有偿工作和一些无偿工作的第二个好处是：可以提供成功的机会以实现自己的理想。
在大部分工作中, 成功与否是以收入来衡量的。
尽管我们所处的资本社会在不断发展,这仍是不可避免的。
研究生英语综合教程下册1-5课文及翻译
研究生英语综合教程下册1-5课文及翻译Unit 1 The Hidden Side of Happiness3 This and other promising findings about the life-changing effects of crises are the province of the new science of post-traumatic growth. This fledgling field has already proved the truth of what once passed as bromide: What doesn't kill you can actually make you stronger. Post-traumatic stress is far from the only possible outcome. In the wake of even the most terrifying experiences, only a small proportion of adults become chronically troubled. More commonly, people rebound-or even eventually thrive.诸如此类有关危机改变一生的发现有着可观的研究前景，这正是创伤后成长这一新学科的研究领域。
这一新兴领域已经证实了曾经被视为陈词滥调的一个真理:大难不死，意志弥坚。
创伤后压力绝不是唯一可能的结果。
在遭遇了即使最可怕的经历之后，也只有一小部分成年人会受到长期的心理折磨。
更常见的情况是，人们会恢复过来—甚至最终会成功发达。
Unit2 Commercialization and Changes in Sportsmercialization has not had a dramatic effect on the format and goals of most sports. In spite of the influence of spectators, what has occurred historically is that sports have maintained their basic format. Innovations have been made within this framework, rather than completely dismantling the design of a game. For example, the commercialization of the Olympic Games has led to minor rule changes in certain events, but the basic structure of each Olympic sport has remained much the same as it was before the days of corporate endorsements and the sale of television rights. 商业化对于大多数体育运动的结构和目标没有太大的影响。
研究生英语精读教程课文原文+翻译+短文unit3
Rats and Men"Insoluble" ProblemsProfessor N. R. F. Maier of the University of Michigan performed a series of experiments several years ago in which "neurosis" is induced in rats. The rats are first trained to jump off the edge of a platform at one of two doors.If the rat jumps to the right, the door holds fast, and it bumps its nose and falls into a net; if it jumps to the left, the door opens, and the rat finds a dish of food. When the rats are well trained to this reaction, the situation is changed. The food is put behind the other door, so that in order to get their reward they now have to jump to the right instead of to the left. (Other changes, such as marking the two doors in different ways, may also be introduced by the experimenter.)If the rat fails to figure out the new system, so that each time it jumps it never knows whether it is going to get food or bump its nose, it finally gives up and refuses to jump at all. At this stage, Dr. Maier says, "Many rats prefer to starve rather than make a choice."密執安大學のN.R.F. 麥耶教授幾年前做過一系列可以誘導鼠產生“神經官能症”の實驗。
研究生英语综合教程下册1,4,5,6单元课文翻译
研究生英语综合教程下册1,4,5,6单元课文翻译研究生英语综合教程（下）系列教材翻译参考译文全章节Unit 1幸福隐藏的另一面凯思琳？麦克高恩1. 咫风、房屋失火、癌症、激流漂筏失事、坠机、昏暗小巷遭歹徒袭击，没人想找上这些事儿。
但出人意料的是，很多人发现遭受这样一次痛苦的磨难最终会使他们向好的方面转变。
他们可能都会这样说：“我希望这事没发生，但因为它我变得更完美了。
2. 我们都爱听人们经历苦难后发生转变的故事，可能是因为这些故事证实了一条真正的心理学的真理，这条真理有时会湮没在无数关于灾难的报道中：在最困难的境况中，人所具有的一种内在的奋发向上的能力会进发出来。
对那些令人极度恐慌的经历作出积极回应的并不仅限于最坚强或最勇敢的人。
实际上，大约半数与逆境抗争过的人都说他们的生活之后与某种方式的改变。
3. 诸如此类有关危机改变一生的发现有着可观的研究前景，这正是创伤后成长这一新学科的研究领域。
这一新兴领域已经证实了曾经被视为陈词滥调的一个真理：大难不死，意志弥坚。
创伤后压力绝不是唯一可能的结果。
在遭遇了即使最可怕的经历之后，也只有一小部分成年人会受到长期的心理折磨。
更常见的情况是，人们会恢复过来一甚至最终会成功发达。
4. 那些经受住苦难打击的人是有关幸福悖论的生动例证：为了尽可能地过上最好的生活，我们所需要的不仅仅是愉悦的感受。
我们这个时代的人对幸福的追求已经缩小到只追求福气：一生没有烦恼，没有痛苦和困惑。
5. 这种对幸福的平淡定义忽略了问题的主要方面一种富有意义的生活所带来的那种丰富、完整的愉悦。
那就是幸福背后隐藏的那种本质一是我们在明智的男男女女身上所欣赏到并渴望在我们自己生活中培育的那种不可言喻的品质。
事实证明，一些遭受苦难最多的人-他们被迫全力应付他们未曾预料到的打击，并重新思考他们生活的意义一或许对那种深刻的、给人以强烈满足感的人生经历（哲学家们过去称之为对“美好生活”的探寻）最有发言权。
研究生英语综合教程下册1-5课文及翻译
研究生英语综合教程下册1-5课文及翻译Unit 1 The Hidden Side of Happiness3 This and other promising findings about the life-changing effects of crises are the province of the new science of post-traumatic growth. This fledgling field has already proved the truth of what once passed as bromide: What doesn't kill you can actually make you stronger. Post-traumatic stress is far from the only possible outcome. In the wake of even the most terrifying experiences, only a small proportion of adults become chronically troubled. More commonly, people rebound-or even eventually thrive.诸如此类有关危机改变一生的发现有着可观的研究前景，这正是创伤后成长这一新学科的研究领域。
这一新兴领域已经证实了曾经被视为陈词滥调的一个真理:大难不死，意志弥坚。
创伤后压力绝不是唯一可能的结果。
在遭遇了即使最可怕的经历之后，也只有一小部分成年人会受到长期的心理折磨。
更常见的情况是，人们会恢复过来—甚至最终会成功发达。
Unit2 Commercialization and Changes in Sportsmercialization has not had a dramatic effect on the format and goals of most sports. In spite of the influence of spectators, what has occurred historically is that sports have maintained their basic format. Innovations have been made within this framework, rather than completely dismantling the design of a game. For example, the commercialization of the Olympic Games has led to minor rule changes in certain events, but the basic structure of each Olympic sport has remained much the same as it was before the days of corporate endorsements and the sale of television rights. 商业化对于大多数体育运动的结构和目标没有太大的影响。
研究生英语教程熟谙 unit 3 reading practice 全文翻译
3.我们对科技爱恨交织的感情猜测我们是谁这件事是我们享受一种娱乐。
两部近期上映的电影—去年夏天的《星球大战》和十一月的《第三类接触》—暗示美国人对于我们制造的科技世界既着迷又恐惧。
这两部都自称不严肃的电影中，《星球大战》有些轻松，讲述了在另一个星系和时期，一个名叫卢克·天行者的年轻人，经历了一系列不可思议的巧合后，陷入反抗邪恶帝国死亡战场的故事。
在通往胜利的道路上，他遇到一位美丽的公主并获取她的芳心，如果不是因为她的手的话。
（这是个开放的时代）第三类亲密接触讲述了一个叫做罗伊·涅瑞的普通美国人，遇到UFO并着迷于他的探索之中的故事。
他的任务被那些不相信UFO存在、不愿意UFO存在以及为了避免恐慌而否认UFO存在的人所阻碍。
和卢克·天行者以及从奥德赛以来的所有冒险英雄一样，涅瑞在孤独的任务里发现了一位美丽的女孩儿陪伴他。
然而在上一个章节中，他达到了一个比结婚更高尚的目标，他大步走进UFO，这位美国的终极先锋于是和陌生的到访者一同飞向位知的远方。
显而易见的是，从《星战》、《第三类接触》的流行以及整个科幻题材地位的提升，我们看出这个时代比以往更需要这类由科幻提供的安慰或信心。
如果所有艺术都在某种程度上逃避现实，我们也许会问，到底我们在逃避什么。
我认为，一种答案就隐藏在电影的意象里。
《星战》中，卢克·天行者依靠在远方塔图因星球的一片荒凉沙漠中作为“潮湿农民”来维持生计。
显然之所以他在这样一个寸草不生的地方，而不是在银河系的绿洲里是因为银河系没有绿洲：邪恶科技已使宇宙沙漠化。
如果技术专家和治国论者不是这么邪恶和自私，土地就会肥沃一些。
卢克的任务是将邪恶的技术专家替换为善良的专家，他确实这么做了。
在关闭纽伦堡纳粹集中营的庆典上，公主授予卢克一枚勋章（和一个媚眼）。
公主代表了新的善良统治阶级。
类似的，在《接触》中，罗伊·涅瑞生活的世界也被负面科技所毁坏。
导演史蒂芬·斯皮尔伯格将他的镜头聚焦在所有机械器材上—玩具火车、吹风机、电视—这些都随处可见。
研究生英语综合教程UNIT3课文及翻译(含汉译英英译汉)Word版
UNIT 31. Most Americans would have a difficult time telling you, specifically, what the values are that Americans live by. They have never given the matter much thought.2. Even if Americans had considered this question, they would probably, in the end, decide not to answer in terms of a definitive list of values. The reason for this decision is itself one very American value — their belief that every individual is so unique that the same list of values could never be applied to all, or even most, of their fellow citizens.3. Although Americans may think of themselves as being more varied and unpredictable than they actually are, it is significant that they think they are. Americans tend to think they have been only slightly influenced by family, church or schools. In the end, each believes, “I personally chose which values I want to live my own life by.”4. The different behaviors of a people or a culture make sense only when seen through the basic beliefs, assumptions and values of that particular group. When you encounter an action, or hear a statement in the United States that surprises you, try to see it as an expression of one or more of the values listed here.5. Before proceeding to the list itself, we should also point out that Americans see all of these values as very positive ones. They are not aware, for example, that the people in many Third World countries view some of these values as negative or threatening.In fact, all of these American values are judged by many of the world’s citizens as negative and undesirable. Therefore, it is not enough simply to familiarize yourself with these values. You must also, so far as possible, consider them without the negative or derogatory connotation that they might have for you, based on your own experience and cultural identity.Personal Control over the Environment6. Americans no longer believe in the power of Fate, and they have come to look at people who do as being backward, primitive, or hopelessly naive. To be called “fatalistic” is one of the worst criticisms one can receive in the American context; to an American, it means one is superstitious and lazy, unwilling to take any initiative in bringing about improvement.7. In the United States, people consider it normal and right that Man should control Nature, rather than the other way around. More specifically, people believe every single individual should have control over whatever in the environment might potentially affect him or her. 1.大多数美国人在谈起其赖以生存的价值观时会感到力不从心。
研究生英语综合教程(下)Unit 3
Starting out—Task 2
8. Do you attempt to speak the local language when you travel rather than sta`rt out in your mother tongue? 9. Do you seek to bolster, rather than deplete, resources in the areas to which you travel? 10. Do you conform to all laws in the countries to which you travel, even if you do not agree with them? 11. When you arrive home from a trip do you attempt to implement what you’ve learned into your daily life?
我试图刻画一个城市和一个政府的痛苦与挣扎这个城市和政府突然被要求参加战争还要在战争中领导别的国家参与的又是有史以来最伟大的战争实在是有些措手不及因此表现得很糟糕有时甚至很可笑
高等院校研究生英语系列教材
综合教程（下）
INTEGRATED COURSE
Unit 3
Travel
2
Content
Starting out Reading Focus Reading More Practical Translation Focused Writing Final Project
Starting out
Aerie Resort, Malahat, Vancouver Island -- One of the top hotels in the U.S. and Canada : It's in the mountains about 30 miles outside Victoria, Vancouver Island of British Columbia. They call it a resort Mediterranean mansion style __________. restaurant …They have a wonderful ______________, like so many of the restaurants in this part of Vancouver locally grown Island, they rely primarily on _________________ products. And fish, sea food drawn from the Pacific gorgeous views Ocean which, as you can see, dropped at ______________ of the Pacific, right outside the lodge.
研究生英语课文翻译Unit3教学内容
On friendshipFew Americans stay put for a lifetime.We move from town to city to suburb,from high school to college in a different state,from a job in one region to a better job elsewhere,from the home where we raise our children to the home where we plan to live in retirement.With each move we are forever making new friends ,who become part of our new life at that time.很少有美国人一辈子呆在一个地方，我们从镇上搬到城市再搬到郊区，我们在一个州上高中又在另一个州上大学，我们在一个地区找到一份工作，又在别的地方找到一份更好的工作，我们从那个抚养我们孩子的家再搬到一个我们退休居住的家。
每一次迁徙我们都会一直结交新朋友，而这些朋友会从那时起成为我们新生活的一部分。
For many of us the summer is a special time for forming new friendships.Today millions of Americans vacation abroad,and they go not only to see new sights but also-in those places where they do not feel too strange-with the hope of meeting new people.No one really expects a vacation trip to produce a close friend.But surely the beginning of a friendship is possible?Surely in every country people value friendship?对我们很多人来说，夏天是一个建立新友谊的特殊时期。
研究生英语综合教程UNIT3课文及翻译(含汉译英英译汉)PDF版
UNIT 31. Most Americans would have a difficult time telling you, specifically, what the values are that Americans live by. They have never given the matter much thought.2. Even if Americans had considered this question, they would probably, in the end, decide not to answer in terms of a definitive list of values. The reason for this decision is itself one very American value —their belief that every individual is so unique that the same list of values could never be applied to all, or even most, of their fellow citizens.3. Although Americans may think of themselves as being more varied and unpredictable than they actually are, it is significant that they think they are. Americans tend to think they have been only slightly influenced by family, church or schools. In the end, each believes, “I personally chose which values I want to live my own life by.”4. The different behaviors of a people or a culture make sense only when seen through the basic beliefs, assumptions and values of that particular group. When you encounter an action, or hear a statement in the United States that surprises you, try to see it as an expression of one or more of the values listed here.5. Before proceeding to the list itself, we should also point out that Americans see all of these values as very positive ones. They are not aware, for example, that the people in many Third World countries view some of these values as negative or threatening.In fact, all of these American values are judged by many of the world’s citizens as negative and undesirable. Therefore, it is not enough simply to familiarize yourself with these values. You must also, so far as possible, consider them without the negative or derogatory connotation that they might have for you, based on your own experience and cultural identity.Personal Control over the Environment6. Americans no longer believe in the power of Fate, and they have come to look at people who do as being backward, primitive, or hopelessly naive. To be called “fatalistic” is one of the worst criticisms one can receive in the American context; to an American, it means one is superstitious and lazy, unwilling to take any initiative in bringing about improvement.7. In the United States, people consider it normal and right that Man should control Nature, rather than the other way around. More specifically, people believe every single individual should have control over whatever in the environment might potentially affect him or her. 1.大多数美国人在谈起其赖以生存的价值观时会感到力不从心。
研究生英语系列教材下unit3-原文+翻译
Unit3 Oslp1.I remember on my first trip to Europe going alone to a movie in Copenhagen. In Denmark you are given a ticket for an assigned seat. I went into the cinema and discovered that my ticket directed me to sit beside the only other people in the place,a young couple locked in the sort of passionate embrace associated with dockside reunions at the end of long wars. I could no more have sat beside them than I could have asked to join in-it would have come to much the same thing- so I took a place a few discreet seats away.1记得我第一次去欧洲旅行的时候，我在哥本哈根独自一人去看电影。
在丹麦，电影票是对号入座的。
(此文来自袁勇兵博客)我走进电影院，发现在我的票对应的座位旁，只有一对年轻情侣。
这对情侣如胶似漆地拥抱在一起，如同一场持久战争结束后码头上亲人的团聚。
我很不情愿坐在他们旁边，就如我绝不会要求加入他们的行为一样——这两者对我来说并没有什么不同——因此我谨慎地隔几个座位坐了下来。
2. People came into the cinema, consulted their tickets and filled the seats around us. By the time the film started there were about 30 of us sitting together in a tight pack in the middle of a vast and otherwise empty auditorium. Two minutes into the movie, a woman laden with shopping made her way with difficulty down my row, stopped beside my seat and told me in a stern voice, full of glottal stops and indignation, that I was in her place. This caused much play of flashlights among the usherettes and fretful re-examining of tickets by everyone in the vicinity until word got around that I was an American tourist and therefore unable to follow simple seating instructions and. I was escorted in some shame back to my assigned place.2人们陆续地走进影院，参照电影票找到位子，在我们周围坐了下来。
[最新]研究生学位英语课文全文翻译-unit3
![[最新]研究生学位英语课文全文翻译-unit3](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/f6b86e056fdb6f1aff00bed5b9f3f90f76c64df0.png)
Unit3 美国人的酷爱1 我父亲是别克人。
在经济大萧条以前，他本是史达兹人。
然而，就像成千上万经济状况处于上升阶段的有车族一样，那场可悲的经济逆转使他们非得调整对汽车的胃口不可。
到他死的时候，他开过的那些别克轿车就不只是普通意义上的交通工具了，而且将父亲定位于这样的社会阶层——比庞蒂亚克人富有，但比不上克迪拉克人。
拥有别克轿车让人一看便知父亲的社会地位。
与别克人相当的还有福特人和克莱斯勒人。
2 我们美国人与汽车的特殊缘分，其坚实的基础就在于对一种轿车品牌的忠诚，这种忠诚因其来之不易而倍受珍惜。
·这就是爱吗?也许用词过分，可美国人对这些机器的尊重甚过所有其他机器——不仅将它们视为20世纪雕塑大观中的标志，而且还将它们视为社会的护身符。
我记忆中的第一辆别克车是一辆闪闪发亮的黑色轿车，椅子的衬垫是厚厚的马海毛，离合器拉杆是新式的。
我父亲爱吹嘘说这辆车一小时能跑120英里。
一想到这样的速度就会令男人们兴奋不已。
我照着家里的菲尔可牌收音机盒里播出的格林，霍利特驾驶的那个神秘机器的名字，给这头漂亮的牲口取了个名副其实的绰号——黑美驹。
3 20世纪中，电话、电视或者个人电脑，这一切都使人类环境发生了巨大变化。
然而，与电话、电视、电脑不同的是，汽车却享有人格化的地位。
有些汽车可以成为家庭成员，机械宠物。
我们给汽车起名字，在自己家的车道上精心打扮汽车，在汽车不能满足我们的需要时诅咒它们。
在折旧换新之时为旧车的离去而悲哀。
4 人们对汽车的热爱让环境保护者、安全为重的倡导者以及社会工程师们感到不安。
他们认为通往人间天堂的道路应该到处都铺设公交运输所必备的发亮轨道。
他们想象着我们加入未来拥挤不堪的自行车行列，而不是像一位激动不已的评论家所预见的那样，坐在“傲慢的双轮马车”方向盘后。
这种态度不是现在才有的。
首先是铁路，接着是汽车造成的人口流动早已使得守旧的特权阶层感到不安。
在战场上有过辉煌，但却以鄙视下层民众而出名的威林顿公爵在150年前就曾反对英国发展铁路，这是因为火车只会怂恿普通人毫无意义地到处走动。
研究生英语综合教程下1-2-6单元课文原文和翻译
研究生英语综合教程下1-2-6单元课文原文和翻译The Hidden Side of Happiness1、Hurricanes, house fires, cancer, white-water rafting accidents, plane crashes, vicious attacks in dark alleyways. Nobody asks for any of it. But to their surprise, many people find that enduring such a harrowing ordeal ultimately changes them for the better. Their refrain might go something like this: "I wish it hadn't happened, but I'm a better person for it."飓风、房屋失火、癌症、激流漂筏失事、坠机、昏暗小巷遭歹徒袭击，没人想找上这些事儿。
但出人意料的是，很多人发现遭受这样一次痛苦的磨难最终会使他们向好的方面转变。
他们可能都会这样说:“我希望这事没发生，但因为它我变得更完美了。
”2、We love to hear the stories of people who have been transformed by their tribulations, perhaps because they testify to a bona fide psychological truth, one that sometimes gets lost amid endless reports of disaster: There is a built-in human capacity to flourish under the most difficult circumstances. Positive reactions to profoundly disturbing experiences are not limited to the toughest or the bravest. In fact, roughly half the people who struggle with adversity say that their lives have in some ways improved.我们都爱听人们经历苦难后发生转变的故事，可能是因为这些故事证实了一条真正的心理学上的真理，这条真理有时会湮没在无数关于灾难的报道中:在最困难的境况中，人所具有的一种内在的奋发向上的能力会进发出来。
研究生综合英语 第二版 曾建彬主编 课文翻译Unit3
Unit3科学研究的方法托马斯·亨利·赫胥黎科学研究的方法只是人类大脑工作必然方式的体现而已。
简言之，一切现象通过这一方式被加以分析，从而变得清晰而准确。
科研工作者的大脑运作与普通人的并无太大区别。
两者之间的区别和烘焙师或屠夫在普通磅秤上称他的货品时的操作方法与化学家通过天平和精细分级的砝码进行困难而复杂的分析的区别是一样的。
这并不是一个秤的活动部件和另一个部件在构造原理或工作方式上相异，而是其中一个秤的梁被置于更加精细的轴上，所以稍微增加一点重量，这个天平当然就会发生倾斜。
我给你举一个耳热能详的例子，也许你对此便能更好地理解。
我敢说，你常常听人说，从事科学工作的人们通过归纳和演绎的方法进行工作。
从某种意义上来说，他们通过这些方式从自然界中提取出被称为自然法则的东西，而从这些自然法则中，他们又靠着自己的某些巧计提出假设和建立理论学说。
很多人认为普通人的大脑运作无法与科学从业人员的这些思维过程相提并论，只有通过特别的训练方能练就这些本领。
听了这些夸张之词，你会认为科研人员大脑的构成一定不同于其他人，然而如果你不会被那些专业术语唬住，你会发现你的想法是错误的。
你生命中的每一天，每一个小时都在运用所有这些看似令人敬畏的思维模式。
莫里哀的一个戏剧中有这样著名的一幕，作者让那个得知自己一生都在用散文讲话的主商表达难以制的喜悦。
同样，我相信当你发现你的一切行为都一直在依据归纳与演绎方法进行，一定也会喜不自禁。
或许在座的各位没有人不会在一天的时光里进行一连串复杂的推理活动，这些推理活动正如科研人员在探索自然现象的原因时所经历的那样，类型是一样的，尽管程度上有异。
一个微不足道的例子便能说明这一点。
假设你走进一家水果店，想要一只苹果，你拿起一只苹果，咬了一口，你发现是酸的，你看了看，发现苹果又硬又绿。
你拿起另一只苹果，结果这一只也是又硬又绿又酸。
店员给了你第三只苹果，在咬下去之前，你观察了一番，发现这只苹果又硬又绿，你立刻说你不要了，因为这只苹果一定就像你前面尝过的苹果一样，是酸的。
当代研究生英语读写教程下册课文译文
当代研究生英语读写教程（下） A课文译文第一单元人生旅程(节选)盖尔·希伊1．一个人在每一特定时期内的生活都是由外部生活和内心生活这两个方面结合而成的。
外部生活是指我们在文明社会中的实际生活（对文明社会中实际活动的参与），其中包括我们的工作、社会地位、家庭生活、（担当的）社会角色、我们如何向社会展现自己，以及如何参与到社会中去等。
内心生活是指我们所参与的种种外部活动对我们个人产生的影响。
例如，我们目前的生活体系是符合我们的价值观、目标和理想呢，还是与之相违背? 我们的个性能在多大程度上得到发挥，还是受到某种程度的压抑? 在每一特定时期，我们对自己的生活方式又有何种感受?2．正是在人的内心世界这个领域中，一些重大的和基本的转变开始使人失去自我平衡，这就意味着必须进行调整，以步人人生发展的下一个阶段。
∕人的是阶段性的：在人生必经的一些重大转折关头，如果一个人觉得失去自我平衡，这就意味着要进行调整，以步人人生发展的下一个阶段，这些重大转折贯穿人的一生，只是是人们往往不承认自己具有这样一种内在的生命系统。
如果你问一个看来不得志的人：“你为何如此消沉?”大部分人总是把那些内心因素解释成比较明显的外部因素——他会对你说：“我之所以以不高兴，是因为我最近搬家了，我原来的工作也换了，我的妻子又回学校去读研究生，还要干什么倒霉的社会工作，还因为其他一些乱七八糟的事，”或许只有不足十分之一的人会说：“我感到有一种不可名状的烦恼，尽管很痛苦，可我还得设法忍受它、克服它”更少有人会承认这些思想情绪的波动和外界因素没有什么关系。
然而这种痛苦可能需要好几年才能熬过去、3．在这些变化和转折中，我们对生活方式的看法要经历四个感知方面的微妙变化：第一，通过与他人比较（交往）形成的自我意识（对自己的看法）；第二，在生活的各种威胁面前所具有的安全程度（的变化）；第三是我们时间的认识，是感到来日方长，还是开始感到时日无多? 最后是对自己的精力和活力的直觉意识，是感到精力充沛，还是感到力不从心? 这些都是在我们内心里产生的若明若暗的感觉，它构成了我们生活的基调，影响着我们（作为）采取行动前的（依据的）种种决定。
研究生学位英语课文及翻译-Unit Three
Who knows1、There have been no shortage of/缺少/ insane/疯狂/, over ambitious/过于野心勃勃的/ ideas on the Internet. Most of them never make it further/更远的/ than the pub/酒吧/ they are conceived/想出/ in. Some generate hype/产生炒作，红火一时/ but quickly fall flat/完全失败/ on their face/栽了跟头/'. Others survive, but prove/证明/ to be minnows/小鱼/ rather than the giants/巨人/ they set out to be/动身去/. However, every so often, one sneaks/溜/ through/然而，偶有不动声色者却能顺利过关/.2、Wikipedia is one of the rare/罕见/ ones that made it. Even by the admission of its founder, the 38-year-old technology entrepreneur/科技企业家/ Jimmy Wales, it was a "completely insane idea/疯狂透顶的想法/”: a free online encyclopedia/百科全书/ that anyone can contribute/贡献/ to and anyone can edit/任何人都可以添加内容并进行编辑/. There is no editor, no army of proofreaders/校对/ and fact checkers/也没有专人检查内容是否属实/; in fact, no full-time staff at all/没有专职人员/. It is, in other words, about as far from/远远地/ the traditional/传统的/ idea of an encyclopedia/百科全书/ as you can get.3、There are dozens/几十，许多，一打/ of reasons why it shouldn't work/玩不转/, and it is sill far form/差得远/ perfect, but in less than/少于，不到/ four years, it has grown to have more than 1 million/100万/ entries/条目/ in 100 languages from Albanian to Zulu/阿尔巴尼亚祖鲁/.4、To its fans/粉丝/, it is a fantastic/极好的/ research resource-albeit/尽管/ one that you should use with caution/谨慎，注意安全/; and an incredible/简直不可思议/ example of what can be achieved/实现/ by collaboration and cooperation/协作与合作/ over the Internet. To its detractors-mostly/大多批评者/ those from the traditional world of encyclopedias and librarianship/图书管理学界/, it is barely worthy of the label/称谓/ "encyclopedia".*5、To put Wikipedia's achievements/成果/ in numerical context/数值语境/, at the same time it was celebrating the publishing/出版/ of its one millionth entry/第100万个词条发布之际/ in less than four years, the Oxford/牛津/ Dictionary of National Biography/传记，档案/launched its latest edition/推出其最新版本/. It had taken 12 years to complete, yet contained a comparatively/比较的，相当的/ tiddly/微不足道的/ 55,000 biographies/传记/. It also cost some 25m/2500万英镑/ to create. Wikipedia has so far been bankrolled/资助/ by Wales, but the total cost so far is still around f300, 000/30万英镑/.6、The current/最近的，最新的/ Encyclopedia Britannica/大英百科全书/ has 44m words/4400万字/ of text. Wikipedia already has more than 250m/2.5亿/ words in it. Britannica's most recent edition/最新版本/ has 65,000 entries in print and 75,000 entries online. Wikipedia's English site/英文网站/ has some 360,000 entries and is growing every day.7、But numbers mean nothing if the quality is no good. And this is where the arguments start./争论的起因/8、"Theoretically/理论上说/, it's a lovely idea/不错的想法/," says librarian/图书管理员/ and Internet consultant/互联网顾问/ Philip Bradley, "but practically/实际上/, I wouldn’t use it; and I’m not aware of a single librarian who would/我觉得任何图书管理员都不会使用这个网站/. The main problem is the lack of authority/权威性/. With printed publications/对于印刷出版物来说/, the publishers have to ensure that their data is reliable/可靠地/, as their livelihood/生计，饭碗/ depends on it. But with something like this, all that goes out the window./过一阵就完了/"9、Wales responds/回应/ by acknowledging/承认/ that Wikipedia's model leaves it anything but error free/维基百科模式所带来的结果决不会没有错误/ (something they make clear on the site) but he also points to an article in a German technology magazine this month, which compares Wikipedia with two established/已建立的/, traditional digital/数字/ encyclopedias: Brockhaus and Microsoft's/微软的/ Encarta. All three were tested on breadth, depth, and comprehensibility/广度，深度，和可理解性/ of content/内容/, ease of searching, and quality of multimedia content./多媒体内容/ Wikipedia won hands down/轻松胜出/.10、Dan Gillmor, the Silicon Valley commentator/硅谷评论员/ and author of We the Media/我们媒体/, is one of many independent fans/自由迷/:”I don’t think anyone is saying Wikipedia is an absolute replacement/绝对替代品/ for a traditional encyclopedia. But in the topics I know something about/但是就我所了解的题目而言/, I’ve found Wikipedia to be as accurate/准确的/ as any other source I’ve found”11、The truth is that Wikipedia is continuously evolving/不断的发展/. There are now around 3,000 new entries being added each day (about 700-800 of which are in English); and as the site has got bigger/规模扩大/, so has the amount of editing that takes place/发生/ on it. In September this year, there was an average/平均/ of 11 edits per article. The entry on the Israel-Palestinian conflict/巴以冲突/ has been edited more than 250 times this year alone.12、The truth is that Wikipedia reveals/揭示了/ what is normally hidden/鲜为人知，通常隐藏/ in an encyclopedia: the countless/无数的/ decisions that lie/位于/ behind each entry. The only difference is that in Wikipedia, the decision-making never stops and the debates/辩论/ are often robust/精力充沛的，激烈的/ to say the least.13、Wales says an entry in his encyclopedia is "like a sausage/香肠/: you might like the taste of it, but you don't necessarily want to see how it's made".14、It might seem like anarchy/无政府状态/. And, given/鉴于/ the lack of central control/中央控制/, it technically is/严格说来，它确实处于无政府状态/. However, there are three elements/因素/ that make it work.15、The first is its ownership/所有权/, and lack of commercial imperative/没有商业需求的压力/. The site is manned/操控/" by volunteers, and now owned by a foundation/基金会/, which means people willingly give their time and intellectual property/知识财产/ to the venture/事业/. It manages to run on less than $100,000/10万美元/ a year.17、The third-and perhaps most critical/最重要的/-has been the evolution /形成/of an incredibly intricate/令人难以置信的错综复杂/ and democratic/民主/ social order/社会秩序/ to keep this vast sprawling/庞大而复杂/ project in order.18、There are hundreds of thousands of "Wikipedians" who have contributed/贡献/ or edited articles. But the core/核心/ community, according to Wales, is about 200 people who, by now, know each other quite well. Outside this inner-inner circle/内圈/ is a core of about 2,000 people who make more than 100 edits each in the last month. Beyond this/在这个核心之外/, you have around 10,000 people who will have made more than five edits. There are administrators/管理员/, bureaucrats/政府官员/, stewards/行政人员/ and developers/开发人员/ all with different levels of technical and administrative authority./管理权限/19、This entire order/整个体系/ is all there for everyone to see online. Policies and strategies/编辑方针及策略/ are posted online, discussed and voted on/投票和讨论/. While the content/内容/ develops automatically/自动/ and anarchically/无序/, nothing happens to the social structure/社会结构，构成/ of Wikipedia without the consent/准许，应允/ of the core community.20、Wales and his community of volunteers are not resting/静止不动的/ on their laurels/桂冠/. He is in negotiations/协商/ to print part of the content, and distribute it in Africa as part of their ambition/抱负，夙愿，追求的目标/ to "put a free encyclopedia in the hands of every person on the planet/每个地球人/". Insane and overambitious? Definitely./疯狂透顶吗？野心勃勃吗？绝对是/ But after everything they have achieved in the last three-and-a-half years, you would be equally insane/同样疯狂/ to bet/打赌/ against/反对/ them.雄心勃勃的维基百科1. 互联网上从来就不乏疯狂透顶、野心勃勃的主意。
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refugees(难民)
Sometimes a nation,s little contrivances are so singular and clever that we associate them with that country alone-double-decker buses in Britain,windmills in Holland(what an inspired addition to a flat landscape:think haw they would transform Nebraska),sidewalk cafes in Paris.And yet there are some things that most countries do without difficulty that others cannot get a grasp of at all.
这次欧洲之旅带给我很多惊奇的小事，其中一 个就是我发现世界竟能如此多样化，对于本质 上相同的事物处理起来却方式各异，比如说吃 喝或是买电影票。
It fascinated me that Europeans could at once be so alike-that they could be so universally bookish and cerebral, and drive small cars, and live in little houses in ancient towns, and love soccer, and be relatively unmaterialistic and law-abiding, and have chilly hotel rooms and cosy and inviting places to eat and drinkand yet be so endlessly, unpredictably different from each other as well. I loved the idea that you could never be sure of anything in Europe. 有趣的是，欧洲人有时可以突然变得如此相似——他 们普遍好学而理性，开着小车，住在古镇的小房子里， 喜欢足球，不怎么注重物质生活，遵纪守法，而且他 们住寒冷的宾馆房间，去温暖舒适的地方吃喝——然 而却同时拥有着如此琢磨不透、永无止尽的差异。在 欧洲没有什么是百分之百肯定的，对此我十分赞同。 bookish（好读书的） unmaterialistic（非实力主义） law-abiding （安分守己的）
The British, on the other hand, do not understand certain of the fundamentals of eating, as evidenced by their instinct to consume hamburgers with a knife and fork. To my continuing amazement, many of them also turn their fork upside-down and balance the food on the back of it.
人们陆续地走进影院，参照电影票找到位子，在我们周围
坐了下来。电影开场时，这个宽敞空旷的观众席中间，扎 堆地坐了约30人。
Two minutes into the moive, a woman laden with shopping made her
way with difficulty down my row,stopped beside my seat and told me in a stern voice, full of glottal stops and indignation, that I was in her
The French,for instance,cannot get the hang of queuing.They try and try, but it is beyond them. Wherever you go in Pairs, you see orderly lines waiting at bus stops, but as soon as the bus pulls up the line instantly disintegrates into something like a fire drill at a lunatic asylum as everyone scrambles to be the first aboard, quite unaware that this defeats the whole purpose of queuing.
我很不情愿坐在他们旁边，就如我绝不会要 求加入他们的行为一样——这两者对我来说 并没有什么不同——因此我谨慎地隔几个座 位坐了下来。
People came into the cinema, consulted their tickets and filled the seats around us. By the time the film started there were about 30 of us sitting together in a tight pack in the middle of a vast and otherwise empty auditorium.
OSLO
I remember on my first trip to Europe going alone to a movie in Copenhagen. In Denmark you are given a ticket for an assigned seat.
记得我第一次去欧洲旅行的时候，我在哥本哈根 独自一人去看电影。在丹麦，电影票是对号入座 的。
有时一个国家的小发明是如此独特和聪明,我们联 想到那些独特的国家,在英国的双层巴士，在荷兰 的风车(除了一个平坦的启发:认为山楂他们将景观 改造内布拉斯加州),在巴黎的露天咖啡馆。然而有 些东西,大多数国家不费吹灰之力就能得到,别的国 家却想都想不到。contrivance(发明物，新装置)
double-decker(双层公共汽车） windmill(风车，风力磨坊）
在法国,例如,不能学会排队。别人试了又试,但它 是超越他们。无论你去巴黎什么地方,你看到有序 的队列在巴士站等候,但只要公车停在站台队列就 瞬间破裂类似一个在疯人院的消防演习,大家都争 着成为第一个登上，根本不知道排队的整个目的。
get the hang of （学会做或使用） disintegrate（粉碎，崩 裂） lunatic asylum（精神病院，疯人院）
我已经 在英国居住了 15年，但我仍不得不 压制这种冲动，想要走向酒吧或餐馆里的 陌生人说：“打扰一下，可以允许我告诉你 一个小技巧吗？那样你就不会把豆子散落 在整张桌子上了。 quell 消除
Germans are flummoxed by humor, the Swiss have no concept of fun, the Spanish think there is nothing at all ridiculous about eating dinner at midnight, and the Italians should never, ever have been let in on the invention of the motor car. 德国人被幽默困扰，瑞士人对乐趣毫无概念， 西班牙人丝毫不觉得在半夜吃晚饭有什么滑稽 之处，而意大利人从不，也绝不会让别人告诉 他们汽车是如何发明的。
place.电影开场两分钟后，一个拎着大包 小包购物袋的女士 艰难地挤到我这排，在我座位旁停下，并用严厉的口吻愤 怒地朝我用充满了喉塞音的丹麦语说道，我坐在了她的位 子上。
auditorium 听众席 laden 装满的，满载的 塞音
glottal stops 喉
This caused much play of flashlights among the usherettes and fretful re-examining of tickets by everyone in the vicinity until word got around that I was an American tourist and therefore unable to follow simple seating instructions and I was escorted in some shame back to my assigned place.
I went into the cinema and a young couple locked in the sort of passionate embrace associated with dockside reunions at the end of long wars.
我走进电影院，发现在我的票对应的座位旁，只 有一对年轻情侣。这对情侣如胶似漆地拥抱在一 起，如同一场持久战争结束后码头上亲人的团聚。 Passionate 热情的，多情的
女引座员马上打开手电筒查了，我是一个美国游客，因此没 有遵循简单的就座指示。在羞愧中我被送回指 定的位子。
fretful 烦躁的 word got around 流传消息
So we sat together and watched the movie,30 of us crowded like refugees in an overlodaed lifeboat,rubbing shoulders and sharing small noises,and it occurred to me then that there are certain things that they do far worse and I began to wonder why that should be.