剑桥雅思7雅思口语模板Test4Part1
雅思-TEST4 SECTION1
TEST4 SECTION1MARTHA: Hi Alex. It’s Martha Clines here. James White gave me your number. I hope you don’t mind me calling you.ALEX: Of course not. How are you, Martha?MARTHA: Good thanks. I’m ringing because I need a bit of advice.ALEX: Oh yeah. What about?MARTHA: The training you did at JPNW a few years ago. I’m applying for the same thing. ALEX: Oh right. Yes, I did mine in 2014. Best thing I ever did. I’m still wor king there. Example MARTHA: Really? What are you doing?ALEX: Well, now I work in the customer services department but I did my initial training in Finance.I stayed there for the first two years and then moved to where I am now.Q1MARTHA: That’s the same department I’m applying for. Did you enjoy it?ALEX: I was pretty nervous to begin with. I didn’t do well in my exams at school and I was really worried because I failed Maths. But it didn’t actually matter because I did lots of courses on the job. Q2MART HA: Did you get a diploma at the end of your trainee period? I’m hoping to do the one in business skills.ALEX: Yes. That sounds good. I took the one on IT skills but I wish I’d done that one instead.Q3 MARTHA: OK, that’s good to know. What about the other trainees? How did you get on with them? ALEX: There were about 20 of us who started at the same time and we were all around the same age -I was 18 and there was only one person younger than me. who was 17. The rest were between 18 and 20. I made some good friends. Q4 MARTHA: I’ve heard lots of good things about the training at JPNW. It seems like there are a lot of opportunities there.ALEX: Yeah, definitely. Because of its size you can work in loads of different areas within the organisation.MARTHA: What about pay? I know you get a lower minimum wage than regular employees. ALEX: That’s right - which isn’t great. But you get the same number of days’ holiday as everyone else. And the pay goes up massively if they offer you a job at the end of the training period. Q5 MARTHA: Yeah, but I’m not doing it for the money - it’s the experience I think will be really useful. Everyone says by the end of the year you gain so much confidence.ALEX: You’re right. That’s the most useful part about it. There’s a lot of variety too. You’re given lots of different things to do. I enjoyed it all - I didn’t even mind the studying.MARTHA: Do you have to spend any time in college?ALEX: Yes, one day each month. So you get lots of support from both your tutor and your manager. Q6MARTHA: That’s good. And the company is easy to get to, isn’t it?ALEX: Yes, it’s very close to the train station so the location’s a real advantage. Q7 ALEX: Have you got a date for your interview yet?MARTHA: Yes, it’s on the 23rd of this month.ALEX: So long as you’re well prepared there’s nothing to worry about. Everyone’s very friendly. MARTHA: I am not sure what I should wear. What do you think?ALEX: Nothing too casual - like jeans, for example. If you’ve got a nice jacket, wear that with a skirt or trousers. Q8 MARTHA: OK. Thanks. Any other tips?ALEX: Erm, well I know it’s really obvious but arrive in plenty of time. They hate people who arelate. So make sure you know exactly where you have to get to. And one other useful piece of advice my manager told me before I had the interview for this job - is to smile. Even if you feel terrified. It makes people respond better to you. Q9 Q10MARTHA: I’l l have to practise doing that in the mirror!ALEX: Yeah - well, good luck. Let me know if you need any more information.MARTHA: Thanks very much.SECTION2Hi everyone, welcome to the Snow Centre. My name’s Annie. I hope you enjoyed the bus trip from the airport - we’ve certainly got plenty of snow today! Well, you’ve come to New Zealand’s premier snow and ski centre, and we’ve a whole load of activities for you during your week here.Most visitors come here for the cross-country skiing, where you’re on fai rly flat ground for most of the time, rather than going down steep mountainsides. There are marked trails, but you can also leave these and go off on your own and that’s an experience not to be missed. You can go at your own speed - it’s great aerobic exer cise if you really push yourself, or if you prefer you can just glide gently along and enjoy the beautiful scenery. Q11This afternoon, you’ll be going on a dog-sled trip. You may have seen our dogs on TV recently racing in the winter sled festival. If you want, you can have your own team for the afternoon and learn how to drive them, following behind our leader on the trail. Or if you’d prefer, you can just sit back in the sled and enjoy the ride as a passenger. Q12At the weekend, we have the team relay e vent, and you’re all welcome to join in. We have a local school coming along, and a lot of the teachers are taking part too. Participation rather than winning is the main focus, and there’s a medal for everyone who takes part. Participants are in teams of two to four, and each team must complete four laps of the course. Q13For your final expedition, you’ll head off to Mount Frenner wearing a pair of special snow shoes which allow you to walk on top of the snow. This is an area where miners once searched for gold, though there are very few traces of their work left now. When the snow melts in summer, the mountain slopes are carpeted in flowers and plants. It’s a long ascent. though not too steep, and walkers generally take a couple of days to get to the summ it and return. Q14 You’ll spend the night in our hut half-way up the mountain. That’s included in your package for the stay. It’s got cooking facilities, firewood and water for drinking. For washing, we recommend you use melted snow, though, to conserve supplies. We can take your luggage up on our snowmobile for you for just ten dollars a person. The hut has cooking facilities so you can make a hot meal in the evening and morning, but you need to take your own food. Q15The weather on Mount Frenner can be very stormy. In that case, stay in the hut generally the storms don’t last long. Don’t stress about getting back here to the centre in time to catch the airport bus - they’ll probably not be running anyway. We do have an emergency locator beacon in the hut but only use that if it’s a real emergency, like if someone’s ill or injured. Q16Now, let me tell you something about the different ski trails you can follow during your stay here. Highland Trail’s directly accessible from where we are now. This trail’s b een designed to give first-timers an experience they’ll enjoy regardless of their age or skill, but it’s also ideal for experts to practise their technique. Q17Then there’s Pine Trail... if you’re nervous about skiing, leave this one to the experts! You f ollow a steep valley looking right down on the river below - scary! But if you’ve fully mastered the techniques needed for hills, it’s great fun. Q18 Stony Trail’s a good choice once you’ve got a generalidea of the basics. There are one or two tricky sect ions, but nothing too challenging. There’s a shelter half-wav where you can sit and take a break and enjoy the afternoon sunshine. Q19And finally, Loser’s Trail. This starts off following a gentle river valley but the last part is quite exposed so the snow conditions can be challenging - if it’s snowing or windy, check with us before you set out to make sure the trail’s open that day. Q20Right, so now if you’d like to follow me, we’ll get started ...SECTION3JACK: I’ve still got loads to do for our repor t on nutritional food labels.ALICE: Me too. What did you learn from doing the project about your own shopping habits? JACK: Well, I’ve always had to check labels for traces of peanuts in everything I eat because of my allergy. But beyond that I’ve never r eally been concerned enough to check how healthy a product is. Q21ALICE: This project has actually taught me to read the labels much more carefully. I tended to believe claims on packaging like ‘low in fat’. But I now realise that the ‘healthy’ yoghurt I’ve bought for years is full of sugar and that it’s actually quite high in calories. Q22JACK: Ready meals are the worst... comparing the labels on supermarket pizzas was a real eye-opener. Did you have any idea how many calories they contain? I was amazed.ALICE: Yes, because unless you read the label really carefully, you wouldn’t know that the nutritional values given are for half a pizza. Q23JACK: When most people eat the whole pizza. Not exactly transparent is it?ALICE: Not at all. But I expect it won’t stop you from buying pizza?JACK: Probably not, no! I thought comparing the different labelling systems used by food manufacturers was interesting. I think the kind of labelling system used makes a big difference. ALICE: Which one did you prefer?JACK: I liked the traditional daily value system best - the one which tells you what proportion of your required daily intake of each ingredient the product contains. I’m not sure it’s the easiest for people to use but at least you get the full story. I like to know all the ingredients in a product - not just how much fat, salt and sugar they contain. Q24ALICE: But it’s good supermarkets have been making an effort to provide reliable information for customers.JACK: Yes. There just needs to be more consistency between labelling systems used by different supermarkets, in terms of portion sizes, etc.ALICE: Mmm. The labels on the different brands of chicken flavour crisps were quite revealing too, weren’t they?JA CK: Yeah. I don’t understand how they can get away with calling them chicken flavour when they only contain artificial additives. Q25ALICE: I know. I’d at least have expected them to contain a small percentage of real chicken. JACK: Absolutely.ALICE: I t hink having nutritional food labeling has been a good idea, don’t you? I think it will change people’s behaviour and stop mothers, in particular, buying the wrong things.JACK: But didn’t that study kind of prove the opposite? People didn’t necessarily sto p buying unhealthy products.ALICE: They only said that might be the case. Those findings weren’t that conclusive and it was quite a small-scale study. I think more research has to be done. Q26JACK: Yes, I think you’re probably right.JACK: What do you think of the traffic-light system?ALICE: I think supermarkets like the idea of having a colour-coded system - red, orange or green - for levels of fat, sugar and salt in a product.JACK: But it’s not been adopted universally. And not on all products. Why do you suppose that is? Q27 & Q28ALICE: Pressure from the food manufacturers. Hardly surprising that some of them are opposed to flagging up how unhealthy their products are.JACK: I’d have thought it would have been compulsory. It seems ridiculous it isn’t. ALICE: I know. And what I couldn’t get over is the fact that it was brought in without enough consultation - a lot of experts had deep reservations about it.JACK: That is a bit weird. I suppose there’s an argument for doing the research now when consumers are familiar with this system.ALICE: Yeah, maybe.JACK: The participants in the survey were quite positive about the traffic-light system.ALICE: Mmm. But I don’t think they targeted the right people. They should have focused on people with low literacy levels because these labels are designed to be accessible to them.JACK: Yeah. But it’s good to get feedback from all socio-economic groups. And there wasn’t much variation in their responses. Q29 & Q30ALICE: No. But if they hadn’t interviewed participa nts face-to-face, they could have used a much bigger sample size. I wonder why they chose that method? JACK: Dunno. How were they selected? Did they volunteer or were they approached?ALICE: I think they volunteered. The thing that wasn’t stated was how of ten they bought packaged food - all we know is how frequently they used the supermarket.SECTION4In my presentation, I’m going to talk about coffee, and its importance both in economic and social terms. We think it was first drunk in the Arab world, but t here’s hardly any documentary evidence of it before the 1500s, although of course that doesn’t mean that people didn’t know about it before then. However, there is evidence that coffee was originally gathered from bushes growing wild in Ethiopia, in the northeast of Africa. In the early sixteenth century, it was being bought by traders, and gradually its use as a drink spread throughout the Middle East. It’s also known that in 1522, in the Turkish city of Constantinople, which was the centre of the Ottoman Empire, the court physician approved its use as a medicine.By the mid-1500s, coffee bushes were being cultivated in the Yemen and for the next hundred years this region produced most of the coffee drunk in Africa and the Arab world.What’s particularly in teresting about coffee is its effect on social life. It was rarely drunk at home, but instead people went to coffee houses to drink it. These people, usually men, would meet to drink coffee and chat about issues of the day. But at the time, this chance to share ideas and opinions was seen as something that was potentially dangerous, and in 1623 the ruler of Constantinople demanded the destruction of all the coffee houses in the city. although after his death many new ones opened, and coffee consumption continued. In the seventeenth century, coffee drinking spread to Europe, and here too coffee shops became places where ordinary people, nearly always men, could meet to exchange ideas. Because of this, some people said that these places performed a similar function to universities. The opportunity they provided for people tomeet together outside their own homes and to discuss the topics of the day had an enormous impact on social life, and many social movements and political developments had their origins in coffee house discussions. Q31Q32Q33In the late 1600s, the Yemeni monopoly on coffee production broke down and coffee production started to spread around the world, helped by European colonisation. Europeans set up coffee plantations in Indonesia and the Caribbean and production of coffee in the colonies skyrocketed. Different types of coffee were produced in different areas, and it’s interesting that the names given to these different types, like Mocha or Java coffee, were often taken from the ports they were shipped to Europe from. But if you look at the labour system in the different colonies, there were some significant differences. Q34In Brazil and the various Caribbean colonies, coffee was grown in huge plantations and the workers there were almost a ll slaves. But this wasn’t the same in all colonies; for example in Java, which had been colonised by the Dutch, the peasants grew coffee and passed a proportion of this on to the Dutch, so it was used as a means of taxation. But whatever system was used, under the European powers of the eighteenth century, coffee production was very closely linked to colonisation. Coffee was grown in ever-increasing quantities to satisfy the growing demand from Europe, and it became nearly as important as sugar production, which was grown under very similar conditions. However, coffee prices were not yet low enough for people to drink it regularly at home, so most coffee consumption still took place in public coffee houses and it still remained something of a luxury item. In Britain, however, a new drink was introduced from China, and started to become popular, gradually taking over from coffee, although at first it was so expensive that only the upper classes could afford it. This was tea, and by the late 1700s it was being widely drunk. However, when the USA gained independence from Britain in 1776, they identified this drink with Britain, and coffee remained the preferred drink in the USA, as it still is today. Q35Q36Q37Q38So, by the early nineteenth century, coffee was already being widely produced and consumed. But during this century, production boomed and coffee prices started to fall. This was partly because new types of transportation had been developed which were cheaper and more efficient. So now, working people could afford to buy coffee - it wasn’t just a drink for the middle classes. And this was at a time when large parts of Europe were starting to work in industries. And sometimes this meant their work didn’t sto p when it got dark: they might have to continue throughout the night. So, the use of coffee as a stimulant became important - it wasn’t just a drink people drank in the morning, for breakfast.Q39Q40There were also changes in cultivation ...。
雅思4听力文本(可编辑打印).doc
Test 4-1 listeningSECTION 4-1-1MAN: Good morning.WOMAN: Good morning. How can I help you?MAN: I understand that the school organises.. . umm, trips to different...WOMAN: Yes, we run five every month: three during weekends and two Wednesday afternoon trips. Exarnpl MAN: What sort of places?WOMAN: Well, obviously it varies, but always places of historical interest and also which offera variety of shopping, because our students always ask about that. . . and then we go for ones Q1where we know there are guided tours, because this gives a good focus for the visit. Q2 MAN: Do you travel far?WOMAN: Well, we’re lucky here, obviously, because we’re able to say that all our visits are less than three hours drive.MAN: How much do they cost?WOMAN:Again it varies -between five and fifteen pounds a head, depending on distance.MAN: Ahha...WOMAN: Oh, and we do offer to arrange special trips if, you know, there are more than twelve people. Q3 MAN: Oh right, I’ll keep that in mind. And what are the times normally?WOMAN: We try to keep it pretty fixed so that, that students get to know the pattern.We leave at eight-thirty a.m. and return at six p.m. We figure it’s best to keep the day fairly short. MAN: Oh yes. And how do we reserve a place?WOMAN: You sign your name on the notice board. Do you know where it is? Q4 MAN: Ah ha. I saw it this morning.WOMAN: And we do ask that you sign up three days in advance so we know we’ve got enough people interested to run it, and we can cancel if necessary, with full refund of course.MAN: That’s fine, thanks.MAN: And what visits are planned for this term?WOMAN: Right, well I’m afraid the schedule hasn’t been printed out yet, but we have confirmed the dates and planned the optional extra visits which you can also book in advance if you want to.MAN: Oh that’s all right. If you can just give some idea of the weekend ones so I can, you know, work out when to see friends, etcetera.WOMAN: Oh sure. Well, the first one is St Ives. That’s on the thirteenth of February and Q5 we’ll have only sixteen places available `cos we’re going by minibus. And that’s a day in town withthe optional extra of visiting the Hepworth Museum.MAN: Oh right.. . yeah. . . that sounds good.WOMAN: Then there’s a London trip on the sixteenth of February and we’ll be taking a medium-sized coach so there’ll be forty-five places on that, and, let’s see, the optional extra is the Tower of London. Q6 MAN: Oh, I’ve already been there. -WOMAN: After that there’s Bristol on the third of March. Q7 MAN: Where?WOMAN: Bristol. . . B-R-I-S-T-O-L.MAN: OK...WOMAN: That’s in a different minibus with eighteen places available, oh, and the optional extra is a visit to the S.S. Great Britain.MAN: OK...WOMAN: We’re going to Salisbury on the eighteenth of March and that’s always a popular one because the optional extra is Stonehenge, so we’re taking the large coach with fifty seats.MAN: Oh good.WOMAN: And then the last one is to Bath on the twenty-third of March.MAN: Oh yes. Is Bath the Roman city?WOMAN: Yes, that’s right, and that’s in the sixteen-seater minibus.MAN: And where’s the optional visit?WOMAN: It’s to the American Museum -well worth a visit. Q8MAN: OK, well that’s great, thanks for all that...WOMAN: My pleasure. By the way, if you want more information about any of the trips,have a look in the student newspaper. Q9MAN: OK.WOMAN: Or, have a word with my assistant; her name is Jane Yentob -that’s Y-E-N-T-O-B. Q10MAN: Right, I’ve got that Thank you very much for all your help.WOMAN: You’re very welcome. I hope you enjoy the trips.SECTION 4-1-2Good afternoon everybody and welcome to Riverside Industrial Village. To start your visit I’m just going to give you a brief account of the history of the museum before letting you roam about on your own. I won’t keep you long. OK?Now, from where we’re standing you’ve got a good view of the river over there. And it was because of this fast-flowing water that this site was a natural place for manufacturing works. The water and the availability of raw materials in the area, like minerals and iron ore, and also the abundance of local fuels, like coal and firewood, all made this site suitable for industry from a very early time. Q11 Water was the main source of power for the early industries and some of the water wheels were first established in the twelfth century, would you believe? At that time, local craftsmen first built an iron forge Q12 just behind the village here, on the bend in the river. By the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries the region’s rivers supported more than a hundred and water mills -and many of these continued to operate well into Q13 the nineteenth century. But then the steam engine was invented and then the railways came and the centres of industry were able to move away from the rivers and the countryside and into the towns. So, industrial villages like this one became very rare.So that’s the history for you. If you’d like any more information, you can ask me some questions, or you can read further in our excellent guide book.Now I’m going to give you a plan of the site and I’d just like to point out where everything is and then you can take a look at everything for yourself.I’ve already pointed out the river, which is on the left. And of course, running along the bottom is Q14 Woodside Road, got it? OK. Now we’re standing at the entrance, see it at the bottom, and immediately to our right is the Ticket Office. You won’t need that because you’ve got your group booking, Q15 but just past it are the toilets -always good to know where - they are. In front of us is the car park, as you can see, and to the left, by the entry gate is the Gift Shop. That’s where you can get copies of the guide, Q16 like this one here. Now, beyond the car park all the buildings are arranged in a half circle with a yard in the middle. The big, stone building at the top is the main Workshop. Q17 That’s where the furnace is and where all the metal was smelted and the tools were cast, as you’ll be able to see. Now, in the top right-hand corner, that building with bigger windows is the Showroom, Q18 where samples of all the tools that were made through the ages are on display. In the top left corner is the Grinding Shop, where the tools were sharpened and finished. And on one side of that you can see the Engine Room and on the other is the Cafe, which isn’t an antique, you’ll be pleased to know, Q19 though they do serve very nice old-fashioned teas.The row of buildings you can see on the left are the cottages. These were built for the workers Q20 towards the end of the eighteenth century and they’re still furnished from that period so you can get a good idea of ordinary people’s living conditions. Across the yard from them, you can see the stables where the horses were kept for transporting the products. And the separate building in front of them is the Works Office andthat-still has some of the old accounts on display.Right, if anyone wants a guided tour then I’m starting at the Engine Room. If you’d like to come along, this way please, ladies and gentlemen.SECTION 4-1-3MELANIE: Excuse me, Dr Johnson. May I speak to you for a minute?DR JOHNSON: Sure. Come in.MELANIE: I’m Melanie Griffin. I’m taking your course in Population Studies.DR JOHNSON: Right. Well, Melanie, how can I help you?MELANIE: I’m. . . having a bit of trouble with the second assignment, and it’s due in twelve days.DR JOHNSON: What sort of trouble are you having? Is the assignment question a problem?MELANIE: Well, that’s part of the problem. I’m also having -been having -trouble getting hold of the books. I’ve been to the library several times, and all the books are out.DR JOHNSON: Sounds like you should have started borrowing books a bit earlier.MELANIE: Well, I had a really big assignment due in for another course, and I’ve been spending Q21 all my time on that, and I thought. - -DR JOHNSON: . . . you might get an extension of time to finish your assignment for me?MELANIE: If that’s possible, but I don’t know...DR JOHNSON: Well, yes, it is possible, but extensions are normally given only for medical or Q22 compassionate reasons, otherwise it’s really a question of organising your study,and we don’t like giving extensions to students who simply didn’t plan their work properly.What did you get for your first assignment?MELANIE: I got eighty-seven per cent.DR JOHNSON: Mmm, yes, you did very well indeed, so obviously you can produce good work. MELANIE: I don’t think I’ll need too much extra time, as long as I can get hold of some of the important references.DR JOHNSON: Well, since you did so well in your first assignment, I’m prepared to give you an extra two weeks for this one, so that’ll mean you’ll need to submit it about a month from now. MELANIE: Thank you.DR JOHNSON: Now, what about the reading materials? Have you checked out the journal articles in the list? MELANIE: Umm, no, not yet, there were about twenty of them, and I wasn’t sure which ones would be most useful or important.DR JOHNSON: Well, they’re all useful, but I don’t expect anyone to read them all, because a number of them deal with the same issues. Let me give you some suggestions. The article by Anderson andHawker is really worth reading.MELANIE: Right, I’ll read that one.DR JOHNSON: You should also read the article by Jackson, but just look at the part on theresearch methodology -how they did it. Q23 MELANIE: OK. . . Jackson, got that...DR JOHNSON: And if you have time, the one by Roberts says very relevant things, although it’s not essential. MELANIE: So, OK, if it’s useful, I’ll try and read that one... Q24 DR JOHNSON: Now, the one by Morris. I wouldn’t bother with that at this stage, if I were you. Q25 MELANIE: OK, I won’t bother with Moms. Oh, now, someone told me the article by Cooper is important. DR JOHNSON: Well, yes, in a way, but just look at the last part, where he discusses the research results. Q26 And lastly, there’s Forster -I can’t think why I included that one.It’s not bad and could be of some help, but not that much. Q27 DR JOHNSON: Now, let’s deal with the assignment question. What’s the problem there?MELANIE: It’s the graph on page two.DR JOHNSON: What seems to be the problem? It’s just the bar graph showing reasons why people change where they live.MELANIE: Well, I’ve got a photocopy but the reasons at the bottom are missing.DR JOHNSON: OK. Look at the first bar on the graph -now that indicates the number of people who move because they want more space.MELANIE: Oh I see . .. bar one. OK. . . Now what about the next bar?DR JOHNSON: Bar two is to do with the people living nearby disturbing them, so they chose to Q28 move away to somewhere quieter. Now let’s look at bar number three.. another reasonpeople change their place of living is because they want to be closer to the city.MELANIE: OK. Proximity to the city is an issue...DR JOHNSON: Now. . . bar number four refers to problems when the owner of the property won’t help fix things that go wrong. In other words, the owner is not helpful and so Q29the tenants move out.MELANIE: OK. . . now what about bar five?DR JOHNSON: Bar five is about those people who move because they need a bus or train to get them into the city or to go to work.MELANIE: OK. . . and bar six?DR JOHNSON: Bar number six is interesting. That reason was given quite a lot -people moving because they wanted to be in a more attractive neighbourhood. Q30 MELANIE: Oh, yes, thank you very much.SECTION 4-1-4Good day, ladies and gentlemen. I have been asked today to talk to you about the urban landscape.There are two major areas that I will focus on in my talk: how vegetation can have a significant effect on urban climate, and how we can better plan our cities using trees to provide a more comfortable environment for us to live in. Q31 Trees can have a significant impact on our cities. They can make a city, as a whole, a bit less windy ora bit more windy, if that’s what you want. They can make it a bit cooler if it’s a hot summer day in Q32an Australian city, or they can make it a bit more humid if it’s a dry inland city. On the local scale -that is, Q33 in particular areas within the city -trees can make the local area more shady, cooler, more humid and Q34 much less windy. In fact trees and planting of various kinds can be used to make city streets actually less dangerous in particular areas. How do trees do all that, you ask? Q35 Well, the main difference between a tree and a building is a tree has got an internal mechanism tokeep the temperature regulated. It evaporates water through its leaves and that means that the temperature Q36 of the leaves is never very far from our own body temperature. The temperature of a building surface ona hot sunny day can easily be twenty degrees more than our temperature. Trees, on the other hand, remain cooler than buildings because they sweat. This means that they can humidify the air and cool it -a property which can be exploited to improve the local climate.Trees can also help break the force of winds. The reason that high buildings make it windier at ground Q37 level is that, as the wind goes higher and higher, it goes faster and faster. When the wind hits the building,it has to go somewhere. Some of it goes over the top and some goes around the sides of the building, forcing those high level winds down to ground level. That doesn’t happen when you have trees. Q38 Trees filter the wind and considerably reduce it, preventing those very large strong gusts that you so often find around tall buildings.Another problem in built-up areas is that traffic noise is intensified by tall buildings.By planting a belt of trees at the side of the road, you can make things a little quieter, but much of the vehicle noise still goes through the trees. Trees can also help reduce the amount of noise in the surroundings, although the effect is not as large as people like to think. Low- frequency noise, in particular, Q39 just goes through the trees as though they aren’t there.Although trees can significantly improve the local climate, they do however take up a lot of space.There are root systems to consider and branches blocking windows and so on. It may therefore be difficult tofit trees into the local landscape. There is not a great deal you can do if you have what we call a street canyon -a whole set of high-rises enclosed in a narrow street. Trees need water to grow.They also need some sunlight to grow and you need room to put them. Q40If you have the chance of knocking buildings down and replacing them, then suddenly you can start looking at different ways to design the streets and to introduce... (fadeout)TEST 4-2SECTION 4-2-1SALLY: Oh, Peter, there you are. You’ve been ages. What kept you so long?PETER: I’m sorry I’m so late, Sally. Have you been waiting long? Example SALLY: Oh, half an hour. But it doesn’t matter. I’ve had a coffee and I’ve been reading this guidebook for tourists. Sit down. You look very hot and tired. What would you like to drink?PETER: I’d love a really chilled mineral water or something. Will you have another coffee? Q1 SALLY: Yes, I will. The waitress will be back in a moment. Why were you so late? Did something happen? PETER: Yes. You know I went to the bank to cash some travellers cheques? Well, the exchange rate was looking healthy, but when I went to the teller, they told me the computer system was temporarilydown, so they couldn’t do any transactions. Q2They said the problem would be fixed in a few minutes, so I waited. And then I started talking toanother guy in the bank, and I forgot the time.SALLY: Oh, really? Someone you met in the bank? Does he work there?PETER: No, he was a tourist from New York. His name’s Henry, and he’s been here for a week, Q3 but he’s moving on to Germany tomorrow. He’s an architect, and he’s spending four weekstraveling around Europe.SALLY: Just like us!PETER: Yeah, just like us. He told me the names of some places where we should eat. Great food, and not too expensive, he said. Oh, and he also gave me this map of the bus system.Q4He said he didn’t need it any more.SALLY: That’s useful. Pity he’s moving on tomorrow. Ah, here’s the waitress. Let’s order.Do you want anything to eat, or shall we just have a drink?PETER: Well, I’m hungry, and we’ve got a lot of sightseeing to do, so let’s just have a snack and a drink. Q5 SALLY: Sounds good to mc!PETER: Well, let’s decide what we’ll see today. I guess the best place to start is the Cathedral, and then the Castle. What are the opening times for those two?SALLY: Well, according to this guidebook, the Cathedral is only open from nine-thirty in the morning until midday. No, hang on. That’s the Cathedral Museum. The Cathedral itself is open morning andafternoon. The Castle is just open from one to five, so we can’t go there until after lunch. Q6I really want to spend some time in the Art Gallery, because they’ve got this wonderful painting byRembrandt that I’ve always wanted to see.PETER: What else should we see?SALLY: Well, the guidebook says the Botanical Gardens are worth spending some time in, and they’re open all day, from eight to six, so we can go there any time. I’d like to go to the Markets near the river too, but. . . oh. . . no, wait, that’s only in the mornings, too.PETER: As well as today and tomorrow, we can see some other places on Monday, you know.But I don’t think the Markets will be open then they only open on Thursdays, Q7so we’ve missed them for this week. Maybe we should go to the Cathedral today becauseit’s Sunday tomorrow, and even though it’s open every day it might be more difficult toget in tomorrow because of the church services.SALLY: That’s true, but the Art Gallery isn’t open on Sundays at all, so we’ll have to go there today.The Castle’s open every day except Mondays, so we’re OK there, and the Gardens of courseonly close at night.PETER: Are all these places free or do we have to pay to go in? What does the guidebook say?SALLY: I think there’s a charge for all of them except the Botanical Gardens. Oh, and the Markets, Q8 of course you don’t pay to go in.PETER: OK, well, it looks like our plan is this: we’ll go to see the painting you like first, the Rembrandt, Q9 then have lunch and go on to the Castle after that, and then the Cathedral.SALLY: OK. It says here that the roof of the Cathedral is really beautiful.PETER: Is that right? What I really want to do at the Cathedral is climb the tower. Q10 The view is supposed to be spectacular.SALLY: OK, well, that’ll be more than enough for today. Then, tomorrow, let’s go to the Botanical Gardens and have a picnic. I want to sit by the river and watch the swans. This city’s famous for them. SECTION 4-2-2So the counselling services we offer deal with any problems arising from your studies, or in your life outside the university. Let’s take academic counselling. If you’re confused about subjects or how to combine them in your degree, then we can advise you and discuss the career you are aiming for, so that you can see it all in context. We can also chase up your tutor if you’re not getting proper feedback on how you are getting on in your subject. Q11 Besides help with academic problems, you may also need personal counselling: if you think you’re already under stress, well, just wait till classes begin next week. You’ll have to start adjusting to teaching and learning methods that may be unfamiliar to you, as well as the mounting pressure as the deadline for that first assignment creeps up on you. And of course, you have to cope with all this without your usual Q12 social network -you know, the social contacts, family and friends you could normally rely on for help. Q13 All of this causes anxiety. Studying overseas can trigger a personal crisis -you may have left a lot of what you might call `unfinished business’ back in your own country, or you may have interrupted personal Q14 relationships or even sometimes have broken them off to come overseas, and so the student often feels lonely, unhappy, unmotivated and unable to concentrate on studying. Or there may be other things bothering you.Our resident chaplain can offer you spiritual guidance if that’s what you want, or we can put you in touch with community groups that can provide you with social contacts and friendship.What about exam stress? It affects nearly everyone to some extent, but especially overseas students like yourselves. There may be a huge amount of family pressure on you to succeed, and if you fail a subject or drop out of a course because it’s too difficult then your self-esteem can suffer. Q15But it’s not the end of the world if you don’t pass an exam -I had to resit First Year Anthropology,so I can certainly offer you a sympathetic ear! Anyway, exam failure can lead to worrying changes in the way you normally behave. You may also-be off your food, or you may have dietary problems becausethe local food is not to your liking and upsets you, and this can affect your health and studies. Q16 Glenda Roberts is our dietician in the Health Service and we can put you on to her.And we all have money problems, don’t we? But remember, full-time students can get a low-interest loan of up to six hundred dollars to buy books and for similar study-related expenses. Q17 That’s right, and you can get double that amount if you can’t afford an item of equipment you needfor your course -a musical instrument, for example. And it doesn’t stop there. When you move into a flat, Q18 starting-up expenses, including furniture for it, can be covered by a loan through the Welfare Service -see Jill Freeman for details.Can we help you? Well, last academic year, in spite of staff cuts, we counselled Q19 two hundred and forty international students for a total of twenty-six hundred hours counselling, and,finally we won all but just one of the twelve appeals that we launched on behalf of students. Not too bad for an understaffed service, don’t you think? That’s all from me. Thank you. Q20 SECTION 4-2-3ROSA: Oh, there you are, good. Sorry I’m a bit late -there was a long queue.So, have you worked out how to deal with this assignment then?MICK: Not yet, we’ve only been here a couple of minutes ourselves.ROSA: Can you just remind me what the task is exactly?PETE: Well, there are two, no, three, parts to it: first; we’ve got to write an essay about ways of collecting data. Then...ROSA: `What’s the title of the essay exactly?MICK: I’ve got it here: `Assess the two main methods of collecting_data in social science research’.Q21ROSA: And how much do we need to write?MICK: Fifteen hundred words. That’s for the essay. Then, for the second part of the assignment, Q22 we have to choose one method of data collection, and `carry out a small-scale study,making appropriate use of the method chosen to gather data from at least five subjects’. Q23ROSA: And then we have to write a report on the study?PETE: That’s right, of three to four thousand words. Q24ROSA: Did you get as far as discussing which form of data collection we should go for -questionnaire or interview, isn’t it?MICK: Yeah, I think we should use a questionnaire. It’ll be so much less time-consuming than organising interviews, I reckon. Once we’ve agreed on the wording of it, we only have to send it out andwait for the responses.ROSA: Yes, I think it probably would be quicker. But what did that article he gave us last week say about the quality of data from questionnaires?MICK: I’m pretty sure it recommended questionnaires as a source of `highly reliable data’.As long as you design the questionnaire properly in the first place, the data will be fine.ROSA: No, I’m sure it talked about drawbacks as well, didn’t it? Something about the response rate and Q25 the problems you get if it’s too low.MICK: Yeah, but we only need data from five subjects anyway.ROSA: I suppose so. Another drawback I remember it mentioned was that questionnaire data tends not to Q26 reveal anything unexpected, because it is limited to the questions fixed in advance by the researcher. MICK: Come on, Rosa. This is only a practice. It’s not meant to be real research, is it?ROSA: Well, I’m not sure about that.ROSA: Maybe I’d better go through the article again, just to be sure. Can you remember what it was called? MICK: `Sample Surveys in Social Science Research’, I think. By Mebta. Q27 ROSA: M-E-H-T-A?MICK: Yeah. And he also recommended a more recent book, called `Survey Research’, by Bell, I think. Q28 It’s in that series published by London University. Q29 PETE: And if we tried to use interviews instead, I saw a book in the departmental library that’ll be helpful: it’s called `Interviews that work’, by Wilson, published in Oxford in nineteen eighty-eight. Q30 ROSA: Right. I’ve got a tutorial now. Can we meet up again later this week? What about Friday morning? PETE: Suits me. Eleven o’clock?ROSA: Fine.MICK: Before Friday, I think we should all look through the reading list.SECTION 4-2-4So far, in these lectures, we’ve been looking at crimes like robbery and murder -both from a historical viewpoint and also in contemporary society -and we’ve seen that the preoccupation in Western society with crime and with lawlessness is part of a long and continuous tradition, rather than something which is new and unique to modern society.But over the past seventy years or so, there has been a massive increase in one type of crime, which is what’s known as `corporate crime’. Corporate crime is crime which, as the name suggests, is connected with companies, with business organisations. It includes illegal acts of either individuals or a group within Q31 the company, but what is important is that these acts are normally in accordance with the goals of the company -they’re for the good of the company rather than the individual. It’s been defined as, quote, `crime which is committed for the corporate organisation’ -the company -`not against it’, unquote.So crimes like theft by employees -things like embezzlement or fraud against one’s actual employer Q32 are excluded according to this definition. The employees may be involved but they’re acting in the first place for the company -they may not even realise they’re committing a crime or they may realise but they feel it’s excusable because it’s policy, or because otherwise they may lose their jobs. So here, really, we’re talking about the links between power and crime.Now, this is one area that much less is generally known about than conventional or traditional crime.It has been relatively ignored by the mass media -for example, it tends to be under-reported in comparison Q33 with conventional crime in news broadcasts, and in crime serials and films and so on -they very rarely deal with corporate crime. And it also tends to be ignored in academic circles -there’s been far more research on Q34 conventional crime and far more data is available.There are several reasons for this lack of interest in corporate crime, compared with other types of crime. It’s often very complex, whereas with conventional crime it’s usually possible to follow what’s going on without specialist knowledge. As well as this, whereas conventional crime usually has a lot of Q35 human interest, corporate crime often has much less. The third reason, and possibly the most significant one,is that very often the victims are unaware -they think their misfortune is an accident or that it’s the fault of Q36 no-one in particular. They’re unaware that they’ve been victims of a crime.So, when we look at the effects of corporate crime we may find it’s very difficult to assess the costs.But these costs can be very considerable in both their economic and social aspects.Let’s look at the economic costs first. For example, if a company is producing fruit juice and it dilutesits product so that it’s just a little below the concentration it should be, many millions of people may be paying a small amount extra for their carton of orange juice. Now small amounts like this may seem insignificant for individual customers -too small to worry about -but for the company this deception might result in Q37 massive illegal profit.However, all studies of corporate crime agree that the individuals are in fact Q38 deprived of far more money by such crime than they are by conventional crime like robbery and theft.In addition to this, we have to consider the social costs of corporate crime and these are again very difficult to assess, but they are considerable. They’re important because they can undermine the faith of the public in the business world and also, more importantly, because the main group of people they affect are,in fact, not the richer sections of society but the poorer -so here companies are robbing the poor to benefit the rich.There are two more points to do with corporate crime that I’d like to illustrate with reference toa specific event which occurred several years ago. This was an explosion of a large oil tanker which causedthe loss of more than fifty lives of the crew. It was an explosion which never should have happened and a subsequent inquiry laid the blame not on anyone who had actually been on the tanker at the time, but on the owners of the tanker. They had deliberately decided not to carry out necessary repair work on the tanker as it was due to be sold, and it was this lack of repair work which was directly responsible for the explosion.Now this illustrates two points to do with corporate crime. First of all, that it does not have to be intentional. The owners of the tanker certainly did not intend it to explode. But very serious consequences can result from people or organisations not considering the possible results of their actions seriously enough.The main crime here was indifference to the human results rather than actual intention to harm anyone. Q39but that didn’t make the results any less tragic. & Q40 And this leads me to my second point -that corporate crime can have very severe consequences.It’s not just a matter of companies making bigger profits than they should do, but of events which may affect the lives of innocent people, and yet very often companies, because they say they didn’t intend to harm anyone, can avoid taking responsibility for the results of their actions. And that has been a very dangerous loophole in the law.A further example of corporate crime was... (fade our)TEST 4-3SECTION 4-3-1LYNDA: Sara, I’ve heard that you want to move into a homestay family. Is that correct?SARA: Yes, that’s right. I’ve been staying with my aunt and now my cousin is arriving from Singapore and my aunt needs the room for him.LYNDA: Oh, that’s bad luck. Well, I’ll need to get some particulars first. Sara, what’s your full name? SARA: Sara Lim, and that’s Sara without the `h’ at the end. Example LYNDA: Mmm. How old are you, Sara?。
剑4test1口语参考答案
剑4test1口语参考答案C4 Test 1SpeakingPart 1Family1.Q: Do you have a large family or a small family?A: Well, I have a small family, for there are only three people in it --- my parents and myself.2.Q: Can you tell me something about them?A: Certainly. My father works at an international company as a sales manager foralready 8 years. I think he’s been working hard for his career as well as for our family.My mother has the occupation of a doctor in a local hospital. She specializes herself in brain surgeries. I assume she qu ite likes her job, though it’s sometimes a tough one to handle, she thinks. Both my parents love me a lot. They show very much concern to my life and study. More im portantly, they’ve been role models for my life during all these years of my growing up.3.Q: How much time do you manage to spend with members of your family?A: Actually, I usually manage to spend around 5 hours with them. As I mentioned above, both of my parents work busily for their jobs. I, as a student in college, have toaccomplish a daily school schedule. So, the only time we can manage to spend together is when we all finish our work and go back home.4.Q: What sort of things do you like to do together?A: The things we like to do together could be various. Wehave dinner together, during whi ch time we talk about one another’s daytime events. Sometimes, we watchtelevision programs after it. We do have a favourite one --- a talk show on Channel 4 every Tuesday evening. We choose to go out for a walk, too, sometimes. We might also participate in activities held in our community centre. They are usually fun and relaxing and offering us opportunities to get to know people living in the same neighbourhood with us.5.Q: Did/Do you get on well with your family?A: I guess I’m able to say so. You see, i n my family, everyone communicates with others on a regular basis to make sure there’re no misunderstandings ever between us. We treat it as a healthy way to let our thoughts and emotions be revealed to others and discuss about them openly. For that reason, I don’t think we have what people call“generation gap” in the family.Part 2You will have to talk about the topic for one or two minutes.You have one minute to think about what you are going tosay.You can make some notes to help you if you wish.Model answer:I would like to talk about one of my senior high school teachers. He taught memathematics in my second and third grades. His way of teaching was special compared with that of the other teachers. Instead of lecturing about many tedious and abstract concepts and displaying lots of formulas. During his lecture, he never forgot to show his great sense of humour to add to the activeness of the class. What was most impressive about him and disadvantages of them and making us select the best presented solution on our own initiative. He opened our mind to new ideas and cultivated us to be capable of analyzing the pros and cons of a resolution in order to make the best decision. This capability to a great extent influenced me in the ways of making judgements in my work as well as in my life.Part 3Developments in education1.Q: How has education changed in your country in the last 10 years?A: As a matter of fact, I did see a big bounce in the development of China’s educationsystem in the last decade. It’s hard to believe that ten years ago education was nobetter than the dull implementation of the old-fashioned teacher-centre approachwhich could hardly succeed in motivating students. The only advantage students gotseemed to be the mere skills gained from painfully repetitive exercises that could help them pass the exams. In opposition to it, the education we have now emphasizes onwhat people call Quality Teaching which aims to cultivate the initiative and creativity of students, helping them know how to learn, not just what to learn. Only in this way can they turn out to be persons with the capability of independent thinking. This is beyond doubt a big and bold step in the reform of teaching methodology in the education in my country.2.Q: What changes do you foresee in the next 50 years?A: In the 50 years that follow, I’m confident we can see quite a few changes taking place in this area. The most significant transformation in education would be a switch frombeing examination-oriented to being capability-oriented, thanks once again to thecontinuing implementation of Quality Teaching. The next possible change will occur inthe teaching approach concerning the growing utilization of computers. Teaching willlikely be conducted via the Internet to make remote education more applicable. Lastly, I predict a big possibility of bilingual teaching in the future. As is a trend to use English as an international language, schools shall be required to employ it as a second teachinglanguage.A national education system3.Q: How do the expectations of today’s school leavers compare with those of theprevious generation?A: Compared with the former generation, present-day schoolgraduates absolutely hold higher expectations for their future. They are no longer satisfied with a Bachelor’sdegree which was clearly still a dream to pursue for many of the previous generation.School leavers now hope to acquire further education opportunities both home andabroad which in return could turn them into Masters and even Doctors. The desire to be equipped with more knowledge and skills comes from the pressure exerted by theincreasing career competition and the improvement of people’s average academic level.4.Q: What role do you think extracurricular activities play in education?A: Extracurricular activities undoubtedly have their advantages for students in theirstudy. They help balance students’ life and study, offeri ng them a way to release theirstress or any negative feeling in a healthy way. Besides, some activities with physicalexercise involved could also enable them to better maintain their health, guaranteeingthe successful fulfillment of their intense academic schedule.Different styles / methods of teaching and learning5.Q: What method of learning works best for you?A: Well, umm… It’s really hard to say …, nevertheless, I do find the method of learningfrom practice works a great deal for me. Knowledge and information from textbooks are systematic and comprehensive, yet are usually unable to make me have a lastingmemory and a thorough appliance of them. Learning frompractice, I will be able toexperience the whole process by myself. Practice of independent thinking, analyzingcauses, comparing results and concluding from the facts will all be included in it. Withexperience gained, I will have my own insight of the knowledge, hence a deep memoryof it.6.Q: How beneficial do you think it is to group students according to their level of ability?A: The way I see it is that it brings benefits to students to some extent in certaincircumstances. Some schools classify their students based on their different learningabilities for special purposes such as selecting candidates for the preparation of someacademic competition. It’s quite understandable to do that. On the othe r hand, somedivided their students into different groups simply with the goal to achieve a higheracademic score through the specialized training of those “more intelligent ones”. Thisact may occur to the school as a thoughtful way to promote its teaching quality, but itwill unquestionably affect students who are grouped as “less intelligent ones”,undermining their will and zeal to learn.。
剑桥雅思四 Test4 手打的word 版本
Test 4SECTION 1 Question 1-10Question 1-10Complete the notes below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.SECTION 2 Questions 11-20Questions 11 -15Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.11 To find out how much holidays cost, you should press buttonA oneB twoC three12 Travelite currently offer walking holidaysA only in Western Europe.B all over Europe.C outside Europe.13 The walks offered by TraveliteA cater for a range of walking abilities.B are planned by guides from the local area.C are for people with good fitness levels.14 On Travelite holidays, people holidaying alone payA the same as other clients.B only a little more than other clients.C extra only if they stay in a large room.15 Entertainment is providedA when guests request itB most nightC every nightQuestions 16-20Complete the table below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.SECTION 3 Questions 21-30Complete the table below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.Questions 27-30What problems do the speakers identify for each experiment?Choose your answers from the box and write the letters A-H next to questions 27-30.Experiment 1: 27………………. ……Experiment 2: 28………………. ……Experiment 3: 29………………. ……Experiment 4: Example FExperiment 5: 30………………. ……SECTION 4 Questions 31-40Questions 31-34 Complete the notes below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.Questions 35-38Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.35 Shark meshing uses nets laidA along the coastline.B at an angle to the beach.C from the beach to the sea.36 Other places that have taken up shark meshing includeA South Africa.B New Zealand.C Tahiti.37 The average number of sharks caught in nets each year isA 15.B 150.C 1,500.38 Most sharks are caught inA spring.B summer.C winter.Questions 39-40Choose TWO letter A-G.Which TWO factors reduce the benefits of shark nets?A nets wrongly positionedB strong waves and currentsC too many fishD sharks eat holes in netsE moving sandsF nets too shortG holes in nets scare sharks。
剑7test4写作task1范文
批改作文剑七 test2 task2"基本完成了任务，5.5分具体点评如下：点评1 Nowadays,a hot and important contraversy /controversy concerning the problem whether the punishments for each type of crimes should be fixed.全句没有谓语，而且whether 后面也不是句子。
求高手点评雅思“小作文”（剑7 Test2 Task1 ）感觉还不错啊~词语和句式较为多变，介词用得也准确，数据抓取得也合理。
表达年份时，可以有多种方式，除了直接写年份的数字，也可以说the year of 2004,the 2004 year等；表示“从图中看出”这个意思，还可以用from the graph,we can see。
xxx is shown(illustated, outlined。
)from the tableit could be easily seen that 。
多背几个，等你一想表达这个意思时，可以随时调用。
总结段一般还是必要的，加上会显得比较完整。
写小作文可以写得很精彩，但是主要还是能把图描述准确，不要每句看起来都是一种结构，总之多背些句式是好的，到最后写起来会得心应手。
这个是剑桥7 test4 的小作文,请大家帮忙改一下,谢谢啦！！The given pie charts illustrate unites of electricity production by fuel score (coal, oil, natural gas, hydro power and nuclear power) in Australia and France in 1980 and 2000.这里没能完全描述出图表的主要特征。
请各位指导一下我，该怎么在不到一个月的时间内提高小作文。
剑桥雅思七 test1-4听力
Test1:Section: 11-5 complete, no more than THREE words6-10 complete, ONE word and/or a numberOptions:Car hire- don’t want to drive1- expensiveGreyhound bus- $15 single, $27.50 return- direct to the 2- long 3Airport Shuttle- 4 service- every 2 hours- $35 single, $65 return- Need to 5Example AnswerDistance: 147 milesAIRPORT SHUTTLE BOOKING FORMTo: MiltonDate: 6 No. of passengers: OneBus Time: 7 Type of tickets: SingleName: Janet 8Flight No: 9 From: London HeathrowAddress in Milton: Vacation Motel.24, Kitchener StreetFare: $35Credit Card No: (visa) 10SECTION 2 Questions 11-20Questions 11-16Choose the correct letter A, B or C.11PS Camping has been organizing holidays forA15 years B20 years C25 years12The company has most camping sites inA FranceB ItalyC Switzerland13Which organized activity can children do every day of the week?A footballB dramaC model making 14Some areas of the sites have a ‘no noise’ rule afte rA9.30 p.m. B10.00 p.m. C10.30 p.m.15The holiday insurance that is offered by PS CampingA can be charged on an annual basisB is included in the price of the holidayC must be taken out at \the time of booking16Customers who recommend PS Camping to friends will receiveA a free giftB an upgrade to a luxury tentC a discount Questions 17-20What does the speaker say about the following items?Write the correct letter, A, B or C, next to questions 17 -20.17barbecues ……………………18toys ……………………19cool boxes ……………………20mops and buckets ……………………Section: 321-23 complete24-27 choose24 Janice thinks that employers should encourage workers who areA potential leadersB open to new ideasC good at teamwork25 Janice suggests that managers may find it difficult toA form successful groupsB balance conflicting needsC deal with uncooperative workers26 Janice believes employers should look for job applicants whoA can think independentlyB will obey the systemC can solve problems27 Janice believes managers shouldA demonstrate good behaviouurB encourage co-operation early onC increase financial incentives28-30 write ONE word only28 All managers need to understand their employees and recognize their company’s29 When managing change, increasing the company’s may be moreimportant than employee satisfaction.30 During periods of change, managers, may have to cope with increased amounts ofIndividuals bring different:ideas21learning experiencesWork behavior differences are due to:personality22Effects of diversity on companies:Advantage: diversity develops 23Disadvantage: diversity can cause conflictSection: 431-35 complete, ONE word only36-40 complete, ONE word only36 If you look at a site from a , you reduce visitor pressure.37 To camp on a site may be disrespectful to people fromthat .38 Undiscovered material may be damaged by .39 You should avoid or tracing rock art as it is so fragile.40 In general, your aim is to leave the site .SEMINAR ON ROCK ARTPreparation for fieldwork trip to Namibia in 31Rock art in Namibia may bePaintingsEngravingsEarliest explanation of engravings of animal footprintsThey were used to help 32 learn about trackingBut:Why are the tracks usually 33 ?Why are some engravings realistic and others unrealistic?Why are the unrealistic animals sometimes half 34More recent explanation:Wise men may have been trying to control wild animals with 35Comment:Earlier explanation was due to scholars over-generalising from their experience of a different cultureTest2:Section: 11-10 complete, no more than 3 words and/or a numberCAR INSURANCEAddress: 1 , GreendaleContact number:Occupation: 2Size of car engine: Type of car:Manufacturer:Model: 3Year:Previous insurance company: Any insurance claims in the last five year?4 Yes □No □If yes, give brief details:Name (s) of other driver (s): Users of car: -6 - 8Relationship to main driver:7Start date:Recommended Insurance arrangementName of company: 9Annual cost: 10Example AnswerName: Patrick JonesSection: 211-12 complete, no more than TWO words13-18 complete, no more than two words and/or a numberAttraction Further InformationSTOP A:Main Booking Office:First boat: 8a.m.Last boat:13 p.m.Palace has lovely 14STOP B: 15 has good 16 of citycentreSTOP C: Museum bookshop specializing in the17 of the local areaSTOP D: Entertainment Complex 18 cinemabowling alleyvideo games arcade19-20 complete, no more than three words and/or a number19 How often do the Top Bus Company tours run?20 Where can catch a Number One Sightseeing Tour from ?STOP B11STOP CRoman LandingSTOP AGreen BanksSTOP D12Boat TripSection: 321-26 choose21 The Antarctic Centre was established in Christchurch because?A New Zealand is a member of the Antarctic Treaty.B Christchurch is geographically well positioned.C the climate of Christchurch is suitable22 One role of the Antarctic Centre is toA provide expeditions with suitable equipmentB provide researchers with financial assistance.C ensure that research is internationally relevant23 The purpose of the Visitors’ Centre is toA provide accommodationB run training sessionC show people what Antarctica is like24 Dr Merrywhether says that Antarctica isA unlike any other countryB extremely beautifulC too cold for tourists25 According to Dr Merrywhether, Antarctica is very cold becauseA of the shape of the continentB it is surrounded by a frozen seaC it is an extremely dry continent26 Dr Merrywhether thinks Antarctica was part of another continent becauseA he has done his own research in the areaB there is geological evidence of thisC it is very close to South America27-28 complete, no more than ONE word and/or TWO numbers ANTARCTIC TREATYDate Event1879 Polar Research meeting27 to 1st International Polar Year1957 Antarctic Treaty was proposed1959 Antarctic Treaty was 2829-30 Which TWO achievements of the Antarctic Treaty arementioned by the speakers?A no military useB animals protectedC historic sites preservedD no nuclear testingE fishing rights protected Section: 431-35 choose31 Anita first felt the Matthews article was of value when she realizedA how it would help her difficulties with left-handednessB the relevance of connections he made with musicC the impressive size of his research project32 Anita feels that the findings on handedness will be of value inA helping sportspeople identify their weaknessesB aiding sportspeople as they plan tactics for each gameC developing suitable training programme for sportspeople33 Anita feels that most sports coachesA know nothing about the influence of handedness.B focus on the wrong aspects of performanceC underestimated what science has to offer sport34 A German study showed there was greater mixed handedness in musicians whoA started playing instruments in early youthB play a string instrument such as violinC practice a great deal on their instrument35 Studies on ape behavior show thatA apes which always use the same hand to get food are most successfulB apes have the same proportion of left-and right-handers as humansC more apes are left-handed than right-handed.36-40 complete, no more than one word and/or a numberSport Best laterality CommentsHockey mixed laterality hockey stick has to be used in 36mixed-handed players found to be much more37Tennis single laterality gives a larger relevant field of 38cross-lateral players make 39 too lateGymnastics cross laterality gymnasts’ 40 is important forPerformancesTest3:Section: 11-2 complete, no more than three words and/or a numberStudent is studying 1Student is in the 2 year of the course3-5 complete, no more than two wordsPosition Available Where ProblemReceptionist in the 3 evening lectures4 in the Child Care Centre too earlyClerical Assitant in the 5 evening lectures6-10 complete, no more than three words and/or a numberSTUDENT DETAILSName: Anita NewmanAddress: 6Room No. 7Other skills: Speaks some JapanesePosition available: 8 at the English LanguageCentreDuties: Respond to enquiries and 9Time of interview: Friday at 10 a.m.Example AnswerType of job required: Part-timeSECTION 2Questions 11-20Questions 11-16Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.11On the holiday, you will be walking forA 6 days. B8 days. C10 days.12What proportion of the sponsorship money goes to charity?13Each walker’s sponsorship money goes to oneA student.B teacher.C school.14When you start the trek you must beA interested in getting fit.B already quite fit.C already very fit.15As you walk you will carryA all of your belongings.B some of your belongings.C none of your belongings16 The Semira Region has a long tradition ofA making carpets.B weaving blankets.C carving wood.Questions 17-20Complete the form below.Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer.ITINERARYDay 1 arrive in KishbaDay 2 rest daySECTION 3 Questions 21-30Questions 21-22Complete the notes below.Write ONE WORD AND /OR A NUMBER for each answer.OCEAN RESEARCHThe Robotic Float Project●Float is shaped like a 21……………………●Scientists from 22……………………have worked on the project so farQuestions 23-25Complete the diagram below.Write ONE WORD AND / OR A NUMBER for each answer.THE OPERATIONAL CYCLEQuestions 26-30In what time period can data from the float projects help with the follow things? Write the correct letter, A, B or C, next to questions 26-30.A At presentB In the near futureC In the long-term future26understanding of E1 Nino ……………………27understanding of climate change ……………………28naval rescues ……………………29sustainable fishing practices ……………………30crop selection ……………………Section: 431-34 choose31 According to the speaker, how might a guest feel when staying in a luxury hotel?A impressed with the facilitiesB depressed by the experienceC concerned at the costs32 According to recent research, luxury hotels overlook the need toA provide for the demands of important guestsB create a comfortable environmentC offer an individual and personal welcome33 The company focused their research onA a wide variety of hotelsB large, luxury hotel chainsC exotic holiday hotels34 What is the impact of the outside environment on a hotel guest?A It has a considerable effectB It has a very limited effectC It has no effect whatsoever35-40 complete, ONE word onlyA company providing luxury serviced apartments aims to:cater specifically for 35 travellersprovide a stylish 36 for guests to useset a trend throughout the 37 which becomes permanent Traditional holiday hotels attract people by:offering the chance to 38 their ordinary routine lifemaking sure that they are cared for in all respects – like a 39leaving small treats in their rooms – e.g. cosmetics or 40Test4SECTION 1 Question 1-10Question 1-6Complete the form below.Question 7-10Answer the questions below.Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.7 What does the student particularly like to eat? ________________8 What sport does the student play? ________________9 What mode of transport does the student prefer? ________________10 When will the student find out her homestay address? ________________SECTION 2Questions 11-20Questions 11-14Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.11What kind of tour is Sally leading?A a bus tourB a train tourC a walking tour12The original buildings on the site wereA houses.B industrial buildings.C shops.13The local residents wanted to use the site forA leisure.B apartment blocks.C a sports centre. 14The Tower is at the centre of theA nature reserve.B formal gardens.C Bicentennial Park.Questions 15-17 Label the plan below.Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.Questions 18-20 Complete the table below.Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.Nature ReserveArea Facility ActivityThe Mangroves boardwalk 18……………………Frog Pond outdoor classroom 19……………………The Waterbird Refuge 20 ……………………bird watchingSection: 321-22 complete, no more than ONE word and/or a numberThe presentation will last 15 minutesThere will be 21 minutes for questions.The presentation will not be 2223-26 What do the students decide about each topic for thegeography presentation?A They will definitely include this topic.B They might include this topic.C They will not include this topic.23 Geographical Location24 Economy25 Overview of Education System26 Role of English Language27-30 complete, no more than TWO wordsInformation aid Where from?Overhead projector the 27Map of West Africa the 28Map of the islands a tourist brochureLiteracy figures the 2930 on school places as aboveSection: 431-33 chooseMonosodium Glutamate (MSG)31 The speaker says the main topic of the lecture isA the history of monosodium the lecture isB the way monosodium glutamate worksC where monosodium glutamate is used32 In 1908, scientists in JapanA made monosodium glutamateB began using kombuC identified glutamate33 What change occurred in the manufacture of glutamate in 1956A It began to be manufactured on a large scaleB The Japanese began extracting it from natural sourcesC It became much more expensive to produce34-40 complete, no more than TWO wordsMonosodium Glutamate (MSG)MSG contains- glutamate (78.2%)- sodium (12.2%)- 34 (9.6%)Glutamate is found in foods that contain protein such 35 and 36MSG is used in foods in many different parts of the world.In1908 Kikunae Ikeda discovered a 37Our ability to detect glutamate makes sense because it is so 38 naturally.John Prescott suggests that:- sweetness tells us that a food contains carbohydrates.- 39 tells us that a food contains toxins- sourness tells us that a food is spoiled- saltiness tells us that a food contains 40 .。
剑桥雅思7解析口语Test1-4
剑桥雅思7Test1口语Part1解析剑桥雅思7Test1口语Part1解析PART 1The examiner asks the candidate about him/ herself, his/ her home, work or studies and other familiar topics.剑桥雅思7Test1口语Part1解析范例Keeping in contact with people1. Q: How do you usually contact your friends? Why?A: Most of time, I contact my friends by making phone calls to them, and to me it is the best way for communication. I prefer to listen to their voice and tell them something that has happened. I also send short messages to them because maybe they are in the middle of a meeting or a class.2. Q: Do you prefer to contact different people in different ways? Why?A: Yes, I think so. If my friends are in another city, I prefer to chat with them online, as it saves money. When I want to communicate with my parents, I will call them as they don’t chat on the internet. Sometimes I write to some of my friends because we want to be special.3. Q: Do you find it easy to keep in contact with friends and family? Why/Why not?A: I guess I have no problems keeping in touch with them especially when we conduct the daily conversation. I think I am good at communication. They can understand what I want to say. But sometimes, I have to be careful of what I say when I stay with my parents, and I think we have a generation gap. Their ideas to some extent are old-fashioned.4. Q: In your country, did people in the past keep in contact in the same ways as they do today? Why? Why not?A: Well, people contacted each other in different ways in the past. They paid a visit to their friends’ home, but now it is rarely the case. People also wrote letters to each other, and it would take a long time for the letters to reach the receivers. Several decades ago, people sent telegraphs to each other when there was something urgent. These methods are really out of date. People prefer emails, online chatting and text-messages better.剑桥雅思7Test1口语Part1解析口语考官答案Part 1Keeping in contact with people1. Q: How do you usually contact your friends? Why?A: I usually contact them using my cell phone. By using this I can contact them anywhere. If they do not answer I can always leave a voicemail and they can get back to me later. Sometimes I use instant messenger because it allows me to see when my friends are available and to talk to many people at the same time.2. Q: Do you prefer to contact different people in different ways? Why?A: Yes, I usually can use e-mail or instant messenger to contact my friends. For adults I usually write letters or call on the telephone. This is because many older people are unfamiliar with new technology. Also at work I would tend to use e-mail more because it allows messages to be saved as well as transfer pertinent data.3. Q: Do you find it easy to keep in touch with friends and family? Why? Why not?A: I find it easy to keep in touch with my friends because there are many different modes of communication available. Also I find it easy to stay in touch with them because we have many similar issues we like to talk about and we contact each other more often because of this. I do not find it as easy to stay in touch with my family because of the generation gap. While I love them I find less need to call for frequent discussion. I usually just contact them once a week.4. Q: In your country, did people in the past keep in contact in the same ways as they do today? Why? Why not?A: People have definitely changed the ways they stay in contact. While they used to write letters that took days to arrive at their destination, now people send e-mails which arrive instantly. Even phones have changed. People used to have land lines in their homes but now this is not necessary because people carry cell phones with them all the time.剑桥雅思7Test1口语Part2解析Part 2Describe a party that you enjoyed.You should say:Whose party it was and what it was celebratingWhere the party was held and who went to itWhat people did during the partyAnd explain what you enjoyed about the party.You will have to talk about the topic for one to two minutes.You have one minute to think about what you are going to say.You can make some notes to help you if you wish.剑桥雅思7Test1口语Part2解析范例The most memorable party in my life should be the party that we held last year. It was held in my friend’s home. A lot of my high school classmates attended the party. It was held to celebrate our reunion after we went to university. Some of my old classmates organized this party in order to recall some pleasant memories that we shared during years of studying in the high school. There were about twenty people at the party. Since most of us hadn’t seen each other for nearly half a year after our graduation from the high school, we were really excited to know each other’s status quo. We even bought vegetables and meat to prepare a profuse dinner for ourselves. Although some of us didn’t have any cooking experience at all, all of us gave a hand by preparing vegetables and washing dishes. We cooked some traditional dishes, and had a big feast. After the meal, we played cards, sang songs, and we chatted with each other, exchanged our wonderful experiences and so on. Later, we went to KTV to sing songs. We were screaming and laughing, and a lot of us got drunk. It was really awesome, and we made a decision to have that kind of get-together every half a year.剑桥雅思7Test1口语Part2解析口语考官答案Part 2Describe a party that you enjoyedYou should say:Whose party it was and what it was celebratingWhere the party was held and who went to itWhat people did during the partyAnd explain what you enjoyed about this party.You will have to talk about the topic for one to two minutes.You have one minute to think about what you are going to say.You can make some notes to help you if you wish.剑桥雅思7Test1口语Part2解析范例One of the most enjoyable parties I attended was the 90th birthday party of a neighbour. It was quite amazing! His younger sister aged 87 travelled hundreds of miles to be there and the guests were aged from about 1 year old to even older than 90. I am sure that there were over 100 people there, both friends and family.The party was held in a hotel ballroom and everyone soon got to know the other guests. After the meal, different people stood up to do something to entertain the others. Some guests sang songs, others told funny stories and some played music.I played some Scottish dance music on my fiddle (violin) and people clapped their hands and tapped the floor with their feet. Later I played the fiddle again for people to dance.At the end of the evening, the 90 year old man’s friend from schooldays — now aged 92 told stories of what they had both done when they were little boys at school and everyone laughed. After this the man’s sons and daughters all stood up and said how important their father had been to them and how much they loved him.At the very end of the evening we all drank toasts to the health of the man and all this made him cry. There was one sad note at the end, when the old man spoke; he wished that his wife had been there to share in all this, but she had died 9 years previously.剑桥雅思7Test1口语Part3解析Part 3Discussion topics:剑桥雅思7Test1口语Part3解析范例Family parties1. Q: What are the main reasons why people organize family parties in your country?A: To tell you the truth, Chinese people rarely organize parties. We only have big celebrations at important festivals or on our elders, birthdays. Like in my family, we always have a get-together for my grandparents’ birthdays.2. Q: In some places people spend a lot of money on parties that celebrate special family events. Is this ever true in your country? Do you think this is a good trend or a bad trend?A: I guess this is not the case in China. We just go out for a big feast as a way of celebration. It’s not going to cost much. I also have some friends who spend a lot of money on family events because Chinese people like to show off, and they tend to enjoy luxurious family parties. This trend will change because at present people want to show off in China because there is a significant gap between the rich and poor. Someday in the future, when everybody enjoys a rich life, there is no need to show off.3. Q: Are there many differences between family parties and parties given byfriends? Why do you think this is?A: I guess they are different. Sometimes friends have a get-together because they miss each other. Or sometimes they hold parties for the sake of business opportunities. Family parties are boring, and family members want to have a reunion at every important festival. It’s a must for them.剑桥雅思7Test1口语Part3解析National celebrations4. Q: What kinds of national celebration do you have in your country?A: Chinese people like to celebrate important festivals like the Spring Festival and Lantern Festival. On that day, there is going to be a national party on TV, and some actors and actresses will give performances and the TV viewers are truly entertained by this show. This is also the case during the Mid-Autumn Festival as well. Oh, I forgot to mention, we have the national celebration on the National Day as well.5. Q: Who tends to enjoy national celebrations more: young people or old people? Why?A: I guess old people are going to enjoy national celebrations more. They really care about the traditions of China. They enjoy the get-togethers initiated by the festivals. As for the young, they enjoy the activities to be done at festivals. They love the celebrations just because they love the fun.6. Q: Why do you think some people think that national celebrations are a waste of government money? Would you agree or disagree with this view? Why?A: National celebrations bring about the festival atmosphere. Chinese like to set the fireworks or firecrackers at festivals, and a lot of citizens enjoy the scene. They go to the square to see the firework displays, and they wouldn’t complain that the government is wasting the money.口语考官答案剑桥雅思7Test1口语Part3解析Part 3Discussion topics:Family parties1. Q: What are the main reasons why people organize family parties in your country?A: The main reasons why people would organize family parties in my country would be to reunite after not seeing each other for a long time. The party would provide an opportunity to tell stories and learn what they have all been doing since we last saw each other. We also try to provide guidance to each other and settleany concerns that we might have.2. Q: In some places people spend a lot of money on parties that celebrate special family events. Is this ever true in your country? Do you think this is a good trend or a bad trend?A: Yes, it is true that we will spend a lot of money to celebrate family events such as a new baby, marriage, a new job, or getting into a good school. I believe that though it is necessary to spend money to organize the party and provide food, drinks, etc. it is just as important to remember why we are there. It is more important to have quality time with family. The interaction happiness of family life is what is important not the money.3. Q: Are there many differences between family parties and parties given by your friends? Why do you think this is?A: There are many differences between my friend’s parties and that of my family. My family parties tend to be more formal and focus on the event that we are celebrating. My parties with my friends tend to be more casual and the main objective is to have fun. I think that while I have fun in both cases they are different types of fun.剑桥雅思7Test1口语Part3解析National celebrations1. Q: What kinds of national celebrations do you have in your country?A: We have several main national holidays in our country. The first and most important is the Spring Festival. This is to celebrate the end of the Chinese lunar year. Another is the Dragon Boat festival. This festival celebrates a famous Chinese poet named Qu Yuan. Still another is Mid Autumn day. During this holiday we eat a traditional dish known as moon cake.2. Q: Who tends to enjoy national celebrations more: young people or old people? Why?A: I think that older people tend to enjoy national celebrations more than the younger generation. Older people tend to value traditional holidays because they feel more connected to them. The younger people like western holidays such as Valentine’s Day because they like the romantic aspects that are not present in national holidays. Also because of an interest in different cultures they like to celebrate holidays that are not part of the Chinese calendar.3. Q: Why do you think some people think that national celebrations are a waste of government money? Would you agree or disagree with this view? Why?A: No, I do not believe that spending money on government celebrations is a waste of money. National holidays are an important part of our culture and help to create a sense of being Chinese. There proud patriotic feelings are shared byall people and the celebrations are for everyone. While some people view the money as misspent, I believe that it is important to properly celebrate our culture and identity.剑桥雅思7Test2口语Part1解析口语考官答案Part 1 Laughing1. Q: What kind of thing make you laugh?A: I think that everyone laughs at different things and some say that every nation has a particular style of humour. Certainly the Japanese or the Germans seem to laugh at film clips showing people being humiliated. People in Britain would feel sorry for the humiliated person. In the USA people tends to laugh at one line funny remarks, whereas in Britain people laugh at funny stories or amusing situations, where nobody gets hurt.2. Q: Do you like making other people laugh? Why?/ Why not?A: I really love to make others laugh, something that makes life more exciting and colorful. That’s another reason why I laugh all the time.3. Q: Do you think it’s important for people to laugh? Why?/ Why not?A: One of the most important things in the world, would be number two on the list of the things that appreciated in people. Impossible to make life interesting and fun, if you don’t know how to smile about it.4. Q: Is laughing the same as feeling happy, do you think? Why?/ Why not?A: For me laughing is not the same thing as being happy, but it’s definitely a part of being a happy person. You might be happy in different aspects, and the things that makes us happy are completely different, but when something good makes you smile, its usually same for all people.剑桥雅思7口语答案Test2Part2Part 2Describe an idea you had for improving something at work or college.You should say:When and where you had your ideaWhat your idea wasWho you told about your ideaAnd explain why you thought your idea would make an improvement.You will have to talk about the topic for one to two minutes.You have one minute to think about what you are going to say.You can make some notes to help you if you wish.剑桥雅思7Test2口语Part2解析范例When I was a first-year student at my college, I was confronted with a big problem.I knew it was my weakness, but I didn’t know how to deal with it. The problem was procrastination. I tended to be late for a lot of things, like making phone calls to my parents, or having problems meeting a deadline. It affected my studies as well. Then I thought of an idea. In order to overcome procrastination, I had to divide my time into study time and leisure time. I told one of my friends about my idea, and he told me it would work. I would carry out my time plan. Three quarters of my spare time was for study, and the rest was for leisure or entertainment. For example, I had only two hours every day, and I would spend one hour and a half finishing my assignments, and then the remaining thirty minutes was for leisure. I could surf the internet, play sports with my friends, or just stay in my dormitory and listen to music. I thought if I carried out the plan, it would improve my efficiency and there would still be time for leisure. I was really proud of myself for this marvelous idea.剑桥雅思7Test2口语Part2解析口语考官答案Part 2Describe an idea you had for improvingSomething at work or collegeYou should say:When and where you had your ideaWhat your idea wasWho you told about your ideaAnd explain why you thought your idea would make an improvement.You will have to talk about the topic for one to two minutes.You have one minute to think about what you are going to say.You can make some notes to help you if you wish.剑桥雅思7Test2口语Part2解析范例When I taught in one school, the queues for the lunches were very long and the children became restless when they were waiting. Also, having the children choose what they wanted to eat when they arrived at the serving hatches took a long time and was very frustrating. I noticed too, that the children who came the greatest distance to school often came in earliest because they came on special school buses.I then had a bright idea, when the children arrived they ought to go to the dining hall and choose what they wanted to eat later from a menu on a blackboard. They would then have their choice recorded against a number and be given a plastic disk with the number on it. This would mean the numbers would be served in order — the mealswould be put on plates in the kitchen and be brought out. The number would be called and the child would exchange the plastic disk for the meal. This meant that the queues were kept small and children had more time to play games outside with their friends in the lunchtime break.I talked about my idea with the headmaster, who said it would take at least 3 months to plan such a change and there would be problems at first. It was decided to try the new idea when a new school year started and the meals are still served in the way I suggested.剑桥雅思7口语答案Test2Part3Part 3Discussion topics:剑桥雅思7Test2口语Part3解析范例Ideas and education1. Q: Some people think that education should be about memorizing the important ideas of the past. Do you agree or disagree? Why?A: I am really not sure about it. Education should be teaching the way of thinking. Students should learn from past experience, but creativity is more important for students. The aim of education is to supply students with foundation, and students will be able to create something more original by taking their own initiative.2. Q: Should education encourage students to have their own new ideas? Why?A: I think this is really important. If there were no new ideas, it would not be possible for the human society to make progress. We need new ideas for innovation. Students will be the pillars of the human society and their ideas are what we need.3. Q: How do you think teachers could help students to develop and share their own ideas?A: I guess students really need the encouragement of their teachers. When they have a novel idea and have the courage to share it, no matter whether it is right or wrong, their bravery should be affirmed by the teachers.剑桥雅思7Test2口语Part3解析Ideas in the workplace4. Q: Should employers encourage their workers to have new ideas about improving the company? Why?A: Definitely. The ideas from the employees are really important. Workers deal with the business every day, and they understand the company’s shortcomings far better than the employers do. Their new ideas maybe will bring more profit forthe company.5. Q: Do you think people sometimes dislike ideas just because they are new? Why?A: Some people are really traditional and conservative. New ideas are really too far for them. New ideas sometimes mean risks. Nobody is sure that the new ideas bring more benefits than the old ones. Besides, nobody is sure about the consequences brought by the new ides.6. Q: What is more difficult: having news ideas or putting them into practice? Which is more important for a successful company?A: This is a really tricky question. To me, it is easy to have new ideas, but whether the ideas are feasible or not is up in the air. If the ideas are not practical, it must be difficult to carry them out. Another thing is, people like to stick to old ideas, and they become accustomed to routines.剑桥雅思7Test2口语Part3解析口语考官答案Part 3Discussion topics:Ideas and education1. Q: Some people think that education should be about memorizing the important ideas of the past. Do you agree or disagree? Why?A: Memorizing is important, but not the most important... you have to have a solid base in every education aspect before you start inputting your knowledge and your skills into real life. In order to get the basic level, you have to memorize in the beginning, afterwards it always better to take decision and think in your own way. You should insist on your original ideas and your point of view that what matters in real life, and we should teach kids to do that from the very beginning.2. Q: Should education encourage students to have their own new ideas? Why?A: Of course everyone should have their own ideas. We all think, believe, live in different ways, we are different! For someone, the same idea can be right, for others wrong, the difference, and the way how you prove it, that is what counts.3. Q: How do you think teachers could help students to develop and share their own ideas?A: Encourage students to do some creative workshops, ask them to stop using drills is and pictures, when the basic level is strong enough, create anon-threatening environment for the learners, where they want to express themselves, and try something new. But the most important is that the teacher should set up an example!Ideas in the workplace4. Q: Should employers encourage their workers to have new ideas about improving the company? Why?A: They definitely should we. Why? Because when the team is satisfied and happy to work, that’s what makes the result more efficient. When we work in the same place, we should build a team, which have an aim and target to achieve. When people work together, and there is a fine leader to guide the “team”, it’s always more pleasant and sufficient.5. Q: Do you think people sometimes dislike ideas just because they are new? Why?A: People do dislike ideas when they are new sometimes, more or because cause they tend to be conservatives. But that’s not an excuse to stop… eventually, if you don’t have any new ideas, the passion will fade off. The most important is to find a right way and approach to input ideas into real life.6. Q: What is more difficult: having new ideas or putting them into practice? Which is more important for a successful company?A: Putting new ideas into practice is always more difficult than having the ideas in the first place, because people are naturally conservative and do not like change. Both are needed for a successful company. Without new ideas, a company will die — the skill comes in knowing just when and how it implements changes and new ideas!剑桥雅思7Test3口语Part1解析SPEAKINGPART 1The examiner asks the candidate about him/ herself, his/ her home, work or studies and other familiar topics.剑桥雅思7Test3口语Part1解析范例Cold weather1. Q: Have you even been in very cold weather? When?A: Yes. I visited northern China some years ago, but I am not sure about what the temperature was like. In winter time, I wore a lot of clothes to keep myself warm. It was freezingly cold.2. Q: How often is the weather cold where you come from?A: When winter comes, it is really cold, and the lowest temperature will be fifteen degrees below zero. People have to wear a lot in winter.3. Q: Are some parts of your country colder than others? Why?A: Yes. It is really cold in northern China. I guess it is because of the geographical location. When winter comes, there is not enough sunshine, thus the temperature is so low.4. Q: Would you prefer to live in a hot place or a cold place? Why?A: I wouldn’t choose either one. I don’t like hot or cold places. I prefer to live in warm places. If it is too hot or too cold, the heater or air-conditioner would be necessary.剑桥雅思7Test3口语Part1解析口语考官答案Part 1Cold weather1. Q: Have you ever been in very cold weather? When?A: Yes, I’ve been in very cold weather several times. When I lived in England, and also last year in China.2. Q: How often is the weather cold where you come from? Why? / Why not?A: The weather in my home country is often very cold, especially during the winter. England often has snow and icy weather during the winter and the temperatures can fall below zero.3. Q: Are some parts of the country colder than others? Why?A: Yes, the north of England is colder than the south. I don’t know why exactly! In Britain, we have warm and wet winds that come from the South or West, The cold winds come from the East (from the Russian plains) or from the North (The North Pole) and it is usually colder the further North you travel.4. Q: Would you prefer to live in a hot place or a cold place? Why?A: I actually prefer to live in cold places, because I hate hot weather. I find that I am less tired in cold weather and also, in England, we have good central heating in the houses, so it, s easy to warm yourself up again.剑桥雅思7Test3口语Part2解析SPEAKINGPart 2Describe a competition (e.g. TV, college / work or sports competition) that you took part in.You should say:What kind of competition it was and how you found out about itWhat you had to doWhat the prizes wereAnd explain why you chose to take part in this competition.You will have to talk about the topic for one to two minutes.You have one minute to think about what you are going to say.You can make some notes to help you if you wish.剑桥雅思7Test3口语Part2解析范例The best competition I took part in was a speech competition. At that time, I was studying in a high school. One day, after I finished my class, and was going back home, I suddenly saw the poster on the wall. The title was really striking. When I knew that our school was going to organize such a competition, I was not quite sure whether I would join the competition or not. It asked us to give a prepared speech for 15 minutes, and then I would answer the questions of the judges. After that, I should give a spontaneous speech for ten minutes. I was not sure whetherI should take part in the competition. I was not very good at standing in front ofa large audience and giving a public speech. I knew that I had to prepare a lot before the competition. I thought that was a good opportunity for me to explore my potential. Like a famous person said, and I can’t remember his name, “Nobody can beat you, but yourself.” I chose to be in the competition as it would be an opportunity to overcome my shyness and nervousness in public.剑桥雅思7Test3口语Part2解析口语考官答案Part 2Describe a competition (e.g. TV, college/work or sports competition) that you took part inYou should say:What kind of competition it was and how you found out about itWhat you had to doWhat the prizes wereAnd explain why you chose to take part in this competition.You will have to talk about the topic for one to two minutes.You have one minute to think about what you are going to say.You can make some notes to help you if you wish.剑桥雅思7Test3口语Part2解析范例When I was a student there were many awards for the best students and it wasan honour to win one of them. Each year there was a prize for the best student in Greek (the Greek Language) and details of this were posted on the noticeboard. The test involved two parts. The first part was to translate two passages from Greek into English and in the second part you were given quotations in Greek and you had to write comments in English about the grammar and syntax contained in the sentences.I applied to take this competition and the examination lasted for three hours.A week later all the examination marks were put on the noticeboard, which was rather unfair to those who had done badly. My name was on the top of the list: I had gained the highest mark of 71%, only 1% more than the next candidate. He was furious because he expected to win, but he did win prizes in other subjects.The prize I won was not a great one, it was in tokens to buy books for further study and I bought a book in Greek. I had never won a prize when I was at school and this was the only prize I ever won. I still feel rather proud about it.剑桥雅思7Test3口语Part3解析SPEAKINGPart 3Discussion topics:剑桥雅思7Test3口语Part3解析范例Competitions in school1. Q: Why do you think some school teachers use competitions as class activities?A: I guess the teachers want to motivate their students. Everybody wants to be successful, and the competitions would stimulate the potentials of them.2. Q: Do you think it is a good thing to give prizes to children who do well at school? Why?A: I guess it is good. When children do well, and they get prizes, this will make them be better in the future. Oh, I think prizes should be given to those who make progress in their classes as well. This is better.3. Q: Would you say that schools for young children have become more or less competitive since you were that age? Why?A: Schools are more competitive than before. Everybody is making great efforts to be successful in their studies, and they know there will be a discrepancy between the winners and losers. Life is tough, and they have to face competition.Sporting competitions4. Q: What are the advantages and disadvantages of intensive training for young sports people?A: Young athletes are going to get a lot of professional advice from their coaches or trainers. Their body structure is going to be stronger and their。
剑桥雅思4口语test1
Part1FriendsQ: Are your friends mostly your age or different ages? Why?同年龄:my friends—my classmates—in school—no chance to know other people—we can only make friends with the people we know—common interests—common background of growing up—stay together everyday—do everything together—become part of our growing memory—develop trust—no generation gap—easily fast friends.不同年龄:older friends—more experience—make me more mature—learn from them—I can outgrow people of my own age younger friends—enjoy your power—tell them what to do—the decision making right is always in your hand—responsibility—growth—leadership—younger people want to learn from you—pressure-become betterQ: Do you usually see your friends during the week or at weekends? Why?We see each other almost everyday since we’re classmates, duh?We go to class together, we recess together, we go for independent study together.Over the weekend, we often do sports or go to the coffee shop or just hang out by the lake.Q: The last time you saw your friends, what did you do together?Play basketball—my friends—I met on the basketball court—so naturally—the most common thing we do is playing basketball—it’s boring?—not really—We enjoy it very much—it’s like our common language.Q: In what ways are your friends important to you?I can learn a lot from my friends, such as how to deal with difficulties, how to work with others, how to express myself clearly.True friends should listen to each other, give each other understandings and supports and respect the choices each makes.By making friends, I can communicate with different people at different time.Friends are one of the most important assets in life, they keep you from being lonely, having friends around is a blessing.Part2Describe an interesting historic placeYou should say:What it isWhere it is locatedWhat you can see there nowAnd explain why this place is interesting长城: Greatwall世界七大奇迹之一: one of the seven wonders of the world辉煌: Chinese glory in the past北方国家的防御攻势: military structure for the north kingdom北京,山海关: Beijing, Shanhaiguan, many places你可以看到城墙, 烽火台, 成千上万的国内外游客ancient wall—imagine history—millions of tourists home and abroad—mountains中国有句老话: 不到长城非好汉There’s an old Chinese saying, you’re not truly a man without visiting the great wall看一些壮观的东西, 震撼自己的心灵To witness something majestic, shake the very core of your soul.沈阳: 一宫两陵one palace, two mausoleums/ tombs沈阳清代故宫和福陵,昭陵Shenyang Imperial PalaceFirst royal palace of the last feudal dynasty—Qing DynastyQing Fuling Tomb & Qing Zhaoling Tomb被联合国教科文组织评为世界文化遗产named world heritage—by UNESCOUnited Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization北京故宫的一个缩小版a miniature of Beijing Forbidden CityPart3Looking after historic placesQ: How do people in your country feel about protecting historic buildings?过去: 冷漠现在: 政府教育和宣传, 人们自我意识加强, 民族自尊心增强,爱国主义高涨意识现在越来越好, 政府投钱修复古建筑,获得更好保护Past: indifferent—ignorant to the values of such buildings—scribble on themNow:Government: Education / publicity / put much money into restoration project People: awareness—improve more alive to our national tradition and identity patriotic / patriotism所以: historic buildings are much better protected.Q: Do you think an area can benefit from having an interesting historic place locally? In what way?旅游业: make local area famous—attract tourists—tourism development—more people are coming—bring investment—increase employment—improve life quality—attracts world attention—more opportunitiesQ: What do you think will happen to historic places or buildings in the future?Why?Better preserved—because people are aware of the importance of such buildingsMore accessible—road construction, opening air flights, bring more people thereMore affordable—tickets cheaper/ more common people can goGlobally shared—what’s national becomes internationalThe teaching of history at schoolQ: How were you taught history when you were at school?Lecture class—teacher lectures—students listen and take notes—no interaction—lots of writing—memorize—standard test—who remembers the most—history should be very exciting, but it’s so boring to learnQ: Are there other ways people can learn about history, apart from school? How?TravelTV programs: Discovery Channels/ National Geographic ChannelsMovies: Schindler’s List / Gandhi / the last emperor / Alexander/ King Arthur MuseumQ: Do you think history will still be a school subject in the future? Why?Younger generation—become indifferent to cultural past, historic glory—many traditions and customs will be lost.We need to answer three questions in order to become a better self1. How did we get here?2. Who are we?3. Where are we going?A nation will never have a future without knowing her past.。
剑桥雅思7test4小作文
剑桥雅思7test4小作文雅思一套真题的作文题有两道，下面是店铺分享的剑桥雅思7Test4也就是第四套题的作文，希望能对大家有所帮助!剑桥雅思7Test4Task1作文The charts compare the sources of electricity in Australia and France in the years 1980 and 2000. Between these years electricity production almost doubled, rising from 100 units to 170 in Australia, and from 90 to 180 units in France.In 1980 Australia used coal as the main electricity source (50 units) and the remainder was produced from natural gas, hydro power (each producing 20 units) and oil (which produced only 10 units). By 2000, coal had become the fuel for more than 75% of electricity produced and only hydro continued to be another significant source supplying approximately 20%.In contrast, France used coal as a source for only 25 units of electricity in 1980, which was matched by natural gas. The remaining 40 units were produced largely from oil and nuclear power, with hydro contributing only 5 units. But by 2000 nuclear power, which was not used at all Australia, had developed into the main source, producing almost 75% of electricity, at 126 units, while coal and oil together produced only 50 units. Other sources were no longer significant.Overall, it is clear that by 2000 these two countries relied on different principal fuel sources: Australia relied on coal and France on nuclear power.剑桥雅思7Test4Task2作文审题大学的`主要任务是什么呢?从世界范围看，在经济危机的年代学费并没有下降，就业却是越来越难，而且社会走出衰退也需要更多拥有实际技能的毕业生。
剑桥雅思4口语test4
Part1剑桥雅思4Test4雅思口语part1范文：visit话题Part 11. What place do you most like to visit?题目分析喜欢去的地方可以是名胜古迹、著名景区，也可以是普通的公园、小巷，考生可根据自己的喜好进行回答。
核心词汇parks, scenic spots, beauty spots, a point of scenic interest, resorts, noted sights, historic places, place famous for its scenery/ historic relics参考回答 1 I always love visiting university campuses. I don’ t know why. Maybe I just miss being a student.参考回答 2 I like to visit small parks where there are not too many people. I have noisy amusement parks full of people. I like to be able to sit quietly and read or just sit and day dream. I find it very refreshing.2. How often do you visit this place?题目分析如果是公园小巷等地方，可能经常去逛，如果是离家较远的景点，就不可能天天去了。
这里考生可以根据上一题的答案进行作答。
核心词汇 as often as I can, once a year, summer holiday参考回答 1 well, I can’ t say I visit university campuses regularly. But whenever I have time or come to another city, I would like to visit the local university.参考回答 2 I visit as often as I can which is not that often these days. If I’ m not working, I’ m often running errands for my grandparents. But, when I can, I will go.3. Why do you like it so much?题目分析可以是因为景色优美、历史故事，或因为在某处能享受到某些乐趣。
雅思口语Part 1答题辅导-剑桥7
雅思口语part1剑7-1Keeping in contact with peopleHow do you usually contact your friends?Why?Do you prefer to contact different people in different ways?Why?Do you find it easy to keep in contact with friends and family?Why?/Why not?In your country,did people in the past keep in contact in the same ways as they do today?Why?/Why not?1.要点提示1)Describe your ways to contact your friends.2)Yes/No+Give reasons and examples.3)Yes/No+Give reasons and examples.4)Make comparisons between the ways people contact each other in the past and today,give reasonable explanations.2.结构示例1)I usually contact my friends with telephone calls and instant messaging softwares,because they are convenient and accessible.2)Yes,I think I do.For example,I can’t contact my grandparents with instant messaging softwares,because they don’t know how to use them.Therefore,I keep in contact by giving them a phone call,or visiting them in person.To younger generations,I usually…3)As far as I’m concerned,it’s not difficult to keep in contact with friends and family. There are many approaches to communicate with them,and…4)Well,I don’t think they kept in contact in the same way.First of all,some of the means of communication didn’t exist in the past.Secondly,…Last but not the least,…剑7-2LaughingWhat kinds of thing make you laugh?Do you like making other people laugh?Why?/Why not?Do you think it’s important for people to laugh?Why?/Why not?Is laughing the same as feeling happy,do you think?Why?/Why not?1.要点提示1)Describe the types of things that make you laugh,and what is funny about them.2)Yes/No+Give reasons.3)Yes/No+Give reasons.4)Yes/No+Give reasons2.结构示例1)Funny things make me laugh.I laugh most when I’m with friends talking about funny things that happened to edians on TV shows also make me laugh. 2)Yes,of course.It is a nice feeling when I can make people laugh because I’ve made them happy.3)Yes,I do.Humor helps us not to take life too seriously.It’s important to be optimistic,and I think that laughing is good for health.4)Well,I don’t think they are exactly the same.For example,one can be happy without laughing,and sometimes people laugh when there is something bad.剑7-3Cold weatherHave you ever been in very cold weather?When?How often is the weather cold where you come from?Are some parts of your country colder than others?Why?Would you prefer to live in a hot place or a cold place?Why?1.要点提示1)Yes/No+When and where.2)Describe the frequency of cold weather in your hometown.3)Yes/No+Where+Give reasons.4)Reveal your preference and explain why.2.结构示例1)Yes,I think so.Actually,the temperature had been down to about minus15 degree for several weeks last winter in Beijing.It was quite cold.2)As far as I know,it’s quite cold in winter every year,especially in December and January.3)Yes.The climate in different parts of China is quite different.Take the northeastern part for instance,the temperature is…While in southern part of China, it’s…4)I’d rather live in a place that is neither too cold nor too hot.Cold weather makes me tremble and hot weather makes me sweat.I hate both of them.剑7-4Travelling to work or collegeHow do you usually travel to work or college?Why?Have you always travelled to work/college in the same way?Why?/Why not?What do you like about travelling to work/college this way?What changes would improve the way you travel to work/college?Why?1.要点提示1)Describe the means by which you usually travel to work or college,and explain why.2)Yes/No+Give reasons.3)List the features that make you like the way.4)Express what you think the possible changes are,and give reasons.2.结构示例1)I usually travel to work by metro,because I live close to a station,and my destination is along the line.It’s quite convenient.2)Yes.The metro is very steady.There is no traffic congestion or accidents. Travelling by metro is a nice choice for me.3)The metro is relatively punctual and convenient.As I’ve mentioned before,there is hardly any traffic congestion or accidents.It’s crowded during the rush hours though.4)Well,I hope there could be more metro trains during rush hours,so there would be less crowds and more comfortable.。
《剑桥雅思7》口语真题答题示范
《剑桥雅思7》口语真题答题示范TEST 1 PART 1 － 口语第一部分真题The examiner asks the candidate about him/herself, his/her home, work or studies and other familiar topics.考官一般会问考生一些个人方面的情况，包括家庭、工作、学习以及其它日常熟悉的话题。
Keeping in contact with people与人们保持联系和沟通 Question 1How do you usually contact with friends [Why?] 解题要领 该题问你与朋友之间的常用沟通方式，关键是从way ofcommunication 的角度切入，并且要回答为什么选用这种方式。
满意回答（5-6分） From time to time, I like to make a call to my friendsto know what has happened to them recently, because, in my opinion, this is the fastest and most efficient wayof communication for modern people.完美回答（7-8分） Unlike many young people who prefer mobile phones, Iusually communicate with my close friends through letterwriting as this traditional way of communication can fully express your deepest thoughts and most profound feelings. Also, it can gradually develop your writingskills and generate many creative ideas to improve yourquality of life.精彩用词 from time to time 不时，间或 make a call 打电话 prefer更喜欢 fastest and most efficient 最快最高效的 way ofcommunication 交流方式 mobile/cell phones 手机 closefriends 密友 traditional 传统的 fully express 完整地表达 deepest thoughts 最深层次的想法 profound feelings深刻的见解 develop writing skills 提高写作技能generate creative ideas 引发创造性的思想 improve one’squality of life 改善生活质量TEST 1 Part 2 － 口语第二部分真题You will have to talk about the topic for one to two minutes. You have one minute to think about what you are going to say. You can make some notes to help you if you wish.在这一部分，你必须针对某个话题连续讲1-2分钟。
剑桥雅思真题考官范文剑4-剑7大小作文汇总
剑四小作文Test1The table gives a breakdown of the different types of family who were living in poverty in Australia in 1999.On average, 11% of all households,comprising almost two million people, were in this position. However, those consisting of only one parent or a single adult had almost double this proportion of poor people, with 21% and 19% respectively.Couples generally tended to be better off, with lower poverty levels for couples without children(7%) than those with children(12%). It is noticeable that for both types ofhousehold with children, a higher than average proportion were living in poverty at this time.Older people were generally less likely to be poor, though once again the trend favoured elderly couples(only 4%) rather than single elderly people(6%).Overall the table suggests that households of single adults and those with children were more likely to be living in poverty than those consisting of couples.TEST 3小作文The chart gives information about post-school qualifications in terms of the different levels of further education reached by men and women in Australia in 1999.We can see immediately that there were substantial difference in the proportion of men and women at different levels. The biggest gender difference is at the lowest post-school level, where 90% of those who held a skilled vocational diploma were men, compared with only 10% of women. By contrast, more women held undergraduate diplomas(70%) and marginally more women reached degree level(55%).At the higher levels of education, men with postgraduate diplomas clearly outnumbered their female counterpa rt (70% and 30%, respectively), and also constituted 60% of Master’s graduates.Thus we can see that more men than women hold qualifications at the lower and higher levels of education, while more women reach undergraduate diploma level than men. The gender difference is smallest at the level of Bachelor’s degree, however.剑桥5小作文2The first graph shows that there is a gradual decrease in study for career reasons with age. Nearly 80% of students under 26 years, study for their career. This percentage gradually declines by 10-20% every decade. Only 40% of 40-49 yr olds and 18% of over 49yr olds are studying for career reasons in late adulthood.Conversely, the first graph also shows that study stemming from interest increases with age. There are only 10% of under 26 yr olds studying out of interest. The percentage increases slowly till the beginning of the fourth decade, and increases dramatically in late adulthood. Nearly same number of 40-49yr olds study for career and interest. However 70% of over 49yr olds study for interest in comparison to 18% studying for career reasons in that age group.The second graph shows that employer support is maximum(approximately 60%) for the under 26yr students. It drops rapidly to 32% up to the third decade of life, and then increases in late adulthood up to about 44%. It is unclear whether employer support is only for career-focused study, but the highest level is for those students who mainly study for career purposes.3The map shows two proposed locations for a new supermarket for the town of Garlsdon.The first potential location (S1) is outside the town itself, and is sited just off the main road to the town of Hindon, lying 12 kms to the north-west. This site is in the countryside and so would be able to accommodate a lot of car parking. This would make it accessible to shoppers from both Hindon and Garlsdon who could travel by car. As it is also close to the railway line linking the two towns to Cransdon(25km to the south-east), a potentially large number of shoppers would also be able to travel by train.In contrast, the suggested location, S2, is right in the town centre, which would be good for local residents. Theoretically the store could be accessed by road or rail from the surrounding towns, including Bransdon, but as the central area is a no-traffic zone,cars would be unable to park and access would be difficult.Overall, neither site is appropriate for all the towns, but for customers in Cransdon, Hindon and Garlsdon, the out-of-town site(S1) would probably offer more advantages.47分The table shows the details regarding the underground railway systems in six cities. London has the oldest underground railway systems among the six cities. It was opened in the year 1863, and it is already 140 years old. Paris is the second oldest, in which it was opened in the year 1900. This is was then followed by the opening of the railway systems in Tokyo, Washington DC and Kyoto. Los Angeles has the newest underground railway system. And was only opened in the year 2001. In terms of the size of the railway systems, London, for certain, has the largest underground railway systems. It has 394 kilometres of route in total, which is nearly twice as large as the system in Paris. Tokyo, in contrast, has the smallest system. It only has 11 kilometres of route, which is more than 30 times less than that of London.Interestingly, Tokyo, which only has 155 kilometers of route, serves the greatest number of passengers per year, at 1927 millions passengers. The system in Paris has the second greatest number of passengers, at 1191 millions passengers per year. The smallest underground railway system, Tokyo, serves the smallest number of passengers per year as predicted.In conclusion, the underground railway systems in different cities vary a lot in the size of the system, the number of passengers served per year and in the age of the system.剑六TEST1小作文The graph shows how the amount of water used worldwide changed between 1900 and 2000. Throughout the century, the largest quantity of water was used for agricultural purposes, and this increased dramatically from about 500km to around 3000 km in the year 2000. Water used in the industrial and domestic sectors also increased, but consumption was minimal until mid-century. From 1950 onwards, industrial use grew steadily to just over 1000km, while domestic use rose more slowly to only 300km, both far below the levels of consumption by agriculture.The table illustrates the differences in agricultural consumption in some areas of the world by contrasting the amount of irrigated land in Brazil(26500km) with that in the D.R.C (100km). This means that a huge amount of water is used in agriculture in Brazil, and this is reflected in the figures for water consumption per person: 359m compared with only 8m in the Congo. With a population of 176 million, the figures for Brazil indicate how high agricultural water consumption can be in some countries.TEST3The first diagram shows that there are four main stages in the life of the silkworm. First of all, eggs are produced by the moth and it takes ten days for each egg to become a silkworm larva that feeds on mulberry leaves. This stage lasts for up to six weeks until the larva produces a cocoon of silk thread around itself. After a period of about three weeks, the adult moths eventually emerge from these cocoons and the life cycle begins again.The cocoons are the raw material used for the production of silk cloth. Once selected. they are boiled in water and the threads can be separated in the unwinding stage. Each thread is between 300 and 900 metres long, which means they can be twisted together, dyed and then used to produce cloth in the weaving stage.Overall, the diagrams show that the cocoon stage of the silkworm can be used to produce silk cloth through a very simple process.TEST41We are given two charts which show us a few sets of data about the marital status of the Amercians between 1970 and 2000.The first chart compares the number of marriages and divorces in the United States of America between 1970 and 2000. We can see that data is given for each decade; the number of people who are getting married decreased slightly since 1980, as well as the divorces one. Nevertheless, divorces increased between 1970 and 1980.The second chart is more precise about the different martial status of the Americans between the 1970 and 2000. The number of divorced people has risen more than the double during this two years, and the data for the never married people has also increased significantly. However , less and less people are married,as the first chart showed us; the widowed American number is also decreasing.As a conclusion, we can say that the marital status background of the Americans has maybe known the greatest change it had ever seen.剑桥雅思 7Test 2Writing task 1Topic requestThe graph below shows the consumption of fish and some different kinds of meat in a European country between 1979 and 2004.Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.Model answerThe graph illustrates changed in the amounts of beef, lamb, chicken and fish consumed in a particular European country between 1979 and 2004.In 1979 beef was by far the most popular of these foods, with about 225 grams consumed per person per week. Lamb and chicken were eaten in similar quantities (around 150 grams), while much less fish was consumed (just over 50 grams).However, during this 25-year period the consumption of beef and lamb fell dramatically to approximately 100 grams and 55 grams respectively. The consumption of fish also declined, butmuch less significantly to just below 50 grams, so although it remained the least popular food, consumption levels were the most stable.The consumption of chicken, on the other hand, showed an upward trend, overtaking that of lamb in 1980 and that of beef in 1989. By 2004 it had soared to almost 250 grams per person per week.Overall, the graph shows how the consumption of chicken increased dramatically while the popularity of these other foods decreased over the period.剑桥雅思 7Test 4Writing task 1Topic requestThe pie charts below show units of electricity production by fuel source in Australia and France in 1980 and 2000.Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.Model answerThe chart compare the sources of electricity in Australia and France in the years 1980 and 2000. Between these years electricity production almost doubled, rising from 100 units to 170 in Australia, and from 90 to 180 units in France.In 1980 Australia used coal as the main electricity source (50 units) and the remainder was produced from natural gas, hydro power (each producing 20 units) and oil (which produced only 10 units). By 2000, coal had become the fuel for more than 75% of electricity produced and only hydro continued to be another significant source supplying approximately 20%.In contrast, France used coal as a source for only 25 units of electricity in 1980, which was matched by natural gas. The remaining 40 units were produced largely from oil and nuclear power, with hydro contributing only 5 units. But by 2000 nuclear power, which was not used at all in Australia, had developed into the main source, producing almost 75% of electricity, at 126 units, while coal and oil together produced only 50 units. Other sources were no longer significant. Overall, it is clear that by 2000 these two countries relied on different principal fuel sources: Australia relied on coal and France on nuclear power.剑三C3- Test 2 P28-P162When a country develops its technology; the traditional skills and ways of life die out. It is pointless to try and keep them alive.To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?Overall, I disagree with the opinion expressed. I would like to begin by pointing out that ‘traditional skills and ways of life’ are not automatically of one country, but of a culture or community.In many ways, the history of civilisation is the history of technology: from the discovery of fire to the invention of the wheel to the development of the Internet, we have been moving on from previous ways of doing things. Some technologies, such as weapons of mass destruction, are of negative impact. Others, such as medical advances, positively help people to live better or longer, and so very much help traditional ways of life. Surely, few people would seek to preserve such traditional as living in caves!Interestingly, technology can positively contribute to the keeping alive of traditional skills and ways of life. For example, the populations of some islands are too small to have normal schools. Rather than breaking up families by sending children to the mainland, education authorities have been able to use the Internet to deliver schooling online. In addition, the Internet, and modern refrigeration techniques, are being used to keep alive the traditional skills of producing salmon; it can now be ordered from, and delivered to, anywhere in the world.In conclusion, without suggesting that all technology is necessarily good, I think it is by no means ‘ pointless’, in any way, to try to keep traditions alive with technology. We should not ignore technology, because it can be our friend and support our way of life.剑桥C3, Test3, P74-P164You should spend about 40 minutes on this task. Present a written argument or case to an educated reader with no specialist knowledge of the following topic.· In many countries children are engaged in some kind of paid work. Some people regard this ad completely wrong, while others consider it as valuable work experience, important for learning and taking reposibility.· What are your opinions on this? You should use your own ideas, knowledge and experience and support your arguments with examples and relevant evidence.You should write at least 250 words.The issue of children doing paid work is a complex and sensitive one. It is difficult to say who has the right to judge whether children work ing is "wrong” or "valuable”. Opinions will also differ as to "learning "benefits: no doubt teachers and factory owners, for example, would you have varying concerns.An important consideration is the kind of work undertaken. Young children doing arduous and repetitive tasks on a factory production line, for example, are less likely to be ‘learning’ than older children helping in an old people’ home. There are health and safety issues to be considered as well. It is an unfortunate fact that many employers may prefer to use the services of children simply to save money by paying them less than adults and it is this type of exploitation that should be discouraged.However, in many countries children work because their families need the additional income, no matter how small. This was certainly the case in the past in many industrialized countries, and it is very difficult to judge that it is wrong for children today to contribute to the family income in thisway.Nevertheless, in better economic circumstances, few parents would choose to send their children out to full-time paid work. If learning responsibilities and work experience are considered to be important, then children can acquire these by having light, part-time jobs or even doing tasks such as helping their parents around the family home, which are unpaid, but undoubtedly of value in children's development.Test A P113-P168Some people believe that children’s leisure activities must be educational; otherwise they are a complete waste of time.Do you agree or disagree？Today, education has become a priority for many parents seeking to secure a good future for their children in this rapidly changing world. They believe that if their children apply themselves and work hard at school, then they will increase their opportunities for going to higher education and eventually getting a good job. Of course they are right, and as access to the best education and best jobs is becoming more competitive, then it is true that children have to make the best of their study time when they young.However, the parents who do not allow their children sufficient free time for leisure activities outside school hours, are misguided. Such activities are far from being a waste of time for the children simply because they are not academic. It is important to remember that children need to develop skills other than intellectual ones, and the best way to do this is through activities such as sports, games and playing with other kids. If they cannot play make-believe games, how can they develop their imagination? How can they learn physical co-ordination or learn important social lessons about winning and losing if they do not practise any sports? Many children form strong, personal relationship with friends they play with, and without the opportunity to do this, they could grow up emotionally immature or unformed.Finally, I think it is also important to remember that children need to relax as well as work. If everything they do must have some educational or academic relevance, then they will soon get tired of studying altogether, which is the last thing parents would want. (255)剑四C4 –Test 2 P55-P165Happiness is considered to be very important in life.Why is it difficult to define?What factors are important in achieving happiness?Happiness is very difficult to define, because it means so many different things to different people. While some people link happiness to wealth and material success, others think it lies in emotions and loving personal relationships. Yet others think that spiritual paths, rather than either the material world or relationships with people, are the only way to true happiness. Because people interpret happiness for themselves in so many different ways, it is difficult to give any definition that is true for everyone. However, if there are different kinds of happiness fordifferent individuals then the first step in achieving it would be to have a degree of self-knowledge. A person needs to know who he or she is before being able to know what it is that makes him or her happy.Of course, factor such as loving relationships, good health, the skills to earn a living and a peaceful environment all contribute to our happiness too. But this does not mean that people without these conditions cannot be happy.Overall, I think an ability to keep clear perspectives in life is a more essential factor in achieving happiness. By that I mean an ability to have a clear sense of what is important in our lives (the welfare of our families, the quality of our relationships, making other people happy, etc.) and what is not (a problem at work, getting annoyed about trivial things, etc.).Like self-awareness, this is also very difficult to achieve, but I think these are the two factors that may be the most important for achieving happiness.C4, P101-169In many countries schools have severe problems with student behaviour.What do you think are the cause of this?What solutions can you suggest?Poor student behaviour seems to be increasingly widespread problem and I think that modern lifestyles are probably responsible for this.In many countries, the birth is decreasing so that families are smaller with fewer children. These children are often spoilt, not in terms of love and attention because working parents do not have the time for this, but in more material ways. They are allowed to have whatever they want, regardless of price, and to behave as they please. This means that the children grow up without consideration for others and without any understanding of where their standard of living comes from.When they get to school age they have not learnt any self control or discipline. They have less respect for their teachers and refuse to obey school rules in the way that their parents did.Teachers continually complain about this problem and measures should be taken to combat the situation. But I think the solution to the problem lies with the families, who need to be more aware of the future consequences of spoiling their children. If they could raise them to be considerate of others and to be social, responsible individuals, the whole community would benefit.Perhaps parenting classes are needed to help them to do this, and high quality nursery schools could be established that would support families more in terms of raising the next generation. The government should fund this kind of parental support, because this is no longer a problem for individual families, but for society as a whole.C4 G Test BP129-P173Some people believe that children should be allowed to stay at home and play until they are sixor seven years old. Others believe that it is important for young children to go to school as soon as possible.What do you think are the advantages of attending school from a young age?In many places today, children start primary school at around the age of six or seven. However, because it is more likely now that both parents work, there is little opportunity for children to stay in their own home up to that age. Instead, they will probably go to a nursery school when they are much younger.While some people think this may be damaging to a child’s development, or to a child’s relationship with their parents, in fact there are many advantages to having school experience at a young age.Firstly, a child will learn to interact with a lot of different people and some children learn to communicate very early because of this. They are generally more confident and independent than children who stay at home with their parents and who are not used to strangers or new situations. Such children find their first day at school at the age of six very frightening and this may have a negative effect on how they learn.Another advantage of going to school at an early age is that children develop faster socially. They make friends and learn how to get on with other children of a similar age. This is often not possible at home because they are the only children, or because their brothers or sisters are older or younger.So overall, I believe that, attending school from a young age is good for most children. They still spend plenty of time at home with their parents, so they can benefit from both environments.剑五Test 2 P53- P165剑五范文In some countries young people are encouraged to work or travel for a year between finishing high school and starting university studies. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages for young people to do this.It is quite common these days for young people in many countries to have a break from studying after graduating from high school. This trend is not restricted to rich students who have the money to travel, but is also evident among poorer students who choose to work and become economically independent for a period of time.The reasons for this trend may involve the recognition that a young adult who passes directly from school to university is rather restricted in terms of general knowledge and experience of the world. By contrast, those who have spent some time earning a living or traveling to other places have a broader view of life and better personal resources to draw on. (Furthermore,) They tend to be more independent, which is a very important factor in academic study and research, as well as giving them an advantage in terms of coping with the challenges of student life.However, there are certainly dangers/risks in taking time off at that important age. Young adults may end up never returning to their studies or finding it difficult to readapt to an academic environment. They may think that it is better to continue in a particular job, or to do something completely different from a university course. But overall, I think this is less likely today, when academic qualifications are essential for getting a reasonable career.My view is that young people should be encouraged to broaden their horizons. That is the best way for them to get a clear perspective of what they are hoping to do with their lives and why. Students with such a perspective are usually the/tend to be the most effective and motivated ones and taking a year off may be the best way to gain this.TEST4 P99 P169Nature VS. nurtureToday(剑五范文)Research indicates that the characteristics we are born with have much more influence on our personality and development than any experiences we may have in our life.Today the way we consider human psychology and mental development is heavily influenced by the genetic sciences. We now understand the importance of inherited characteristics more than ever before. Yet we are still unable to decide whether an individual's personality and development are more influenced by genetics factors (nature) or by the environment (nurture).Research, relating to identical twins, has highlighted how significant inherited characteristics can be for an individual's life. But whether these characteristics are able to develop within the personality of an individual surely depends on whether the circumstances allow such a development. It seems that the experiences we have in life are so unpredictable and so powerful, that they can boost or over-ride other influences, and there seems to be plenty of research findings to confirm this.My own view is that there is no one major influence in a person's life. Instead, the traits we inherit from our parents and the situations and experiences that we encounter in life are constantly interacting. It is the interaction of the two that shapes a person's personality and dictates how that personality develops. If this were not true, then we would be able to predict the behaviour and character of a person from the moment they were born.In conclusion, I do not think that either nature or nurture is the major influence on a person, but that both have powerful effects. How these factors interact is still unknown today and they remain largely unpredictable in a person's life.General training P127 P173剑五范文Nowadays we are producing more and more rubbish. Why do you think this is happening? What can governments do to help reduce the amount of rubbish produced?I think it is true that in almost every country today each household and family produces a large amount of waste every week. Most of this rubbish comes from the packaging from the things we buy, such as processed food. But even if we buy fresh food without packaging, we still producerubbish from the plastic bags used everywhere to carry shopping home.The reason why we have so much packaging is that we consume so much more on a daily basis than families did in the past. Convenience is also very important in modern life, so we buy packaged or canned food that can be transported from long distances and stored until we need it, first in the supermarket, and then at home.However, the amount of waste produced is also a result of our tendency to use something once and throw it away. We forget that even the cheapest plastic bag has used up valuable resources and energy to produce. We also forget that it is a source of pollution and difficult to dispose of.I think, therefore, that governments need to raise this awareness in the general public. Children can be educated about environmental issues at school, but adults need to take action. Governments can encourage such action by putting taxes on packaging, such as plastic bags, by providing recycling services and by fining households and shops that do not attempt to recycle their waste.With the political will, such measures could really reduce the amount of rubbish we produce. Certainly nobody wants to see our resources used up and our planet poisoned by waste.剑六Today, the high sales of popular consumer goods reflect the power of advertising and not the real needs of the society in which they are sold. To what extent do you agree or disagree?Nowadays, there are lots of advertisements on television or on the streets. Some people think that the advertising boosts the sales of goods and it encourages people to buy things unnecessarily. This arguments may be true. In my country, many advertising companies produce advertisements with famous and popular actors or singers. People, especially youngsters, buy goods that their favourite singer advertise, although they do not really need the products.Also, on the television screen, a product may look gorgeous and good quality. As a result of it, people often buy goods without enough consideration. Consumers may not actually need it but they buy goods impulsively soon after they watch the advertising. Furthermore, as many customers buy a particular product due to its advertising campaign, the other people may be affected by the trend, even if the product is not of the real needs of the society.On the other hand, there are various aspects against these arguments. Moreover, it is people’s choice to make a decision to buy goods. Advertising may be not a cause of customers’ buying habits. Individuals have their own spending habits. If they have got enough disposable income, then the right to make a decision is given to them. No one actually can judge whether the goods sold are the real needs of the society or not.In addition, as there should be a limited amount of disposable income consumers are able to spend, people try to allocate their budgets. They cannot be simply swayed by those advertisements.In conclusion, as customers have their own strong opinions and standard of good quality goods, it is better to leave them to make their own decision in buy goods. It is fairly difficult to say everyone is swayed by advertising and buy good impulsively. However, in sensitive area of businesses such as toy industries, it may be necessary to band advertising to those children as children have not got enough ability to control themselves or to know what they need. (332 words)。
雅思四分口语范文
雅思四分口语范文雅思口语Part 1话题：Hometown。
Examiner: Let's talk about your hometown. Where is your hometown?You: Well, my hometown is a small city called [city name]. It's not as famous as those big metropolises like Beijing or Shanghai, but it has its own charm, you know.Examiner: What's the most interesting place in your hometown?You: Oh, there is this old park in the center of the city. It's called [park name]. It's really interesting because it has these super old trees. They look like they've been there for centuries. And there are always some old people playing chess or just chatting under those trees. It's like alittle community within the park. And there is a small pond too. Sometimes you can see some ducks swimming around, which is really cute. It's a great place to just relax and forget about all the hustle and bustle.Examiner: Are there any changes in your hometown in recent years?You: Yeah, for sure. There are quite a few changes. For example, there are more high rise buildings now. When I was a kid, most of the buildings were only like five or six floors, but now you can see these really tall apartment buildings popping up everywhere. And there are also more shopping malls. It used to be that we only had a couple of small shops to buy things, but now we can go to these big shiny malls with all kinds of international brands. But on the downside, the traffic has become a bit of a nightmare. There are so many cars on the road now.Examiner: Do you like your hometown?You: Oh, definitely. It's like my comfort zone. All my family and friends are there. And I grew up there, so I have so many memories associated with every corner of the city. Even though it's not perfect,like the traffic problem I just mentioned, but it's still the place that I feel most at home in. It's like an old friend that you can always rely on.雅思口语Part 2话题：Describe a person who has influenced you a great deal！You: Well, I'm going to talk about my grandpa. He's been an amazing influence in my life.My grandpa is a really kind hearted man. He has this warm smile that can light up a whole room. He doesn't look very tall or strong, but he has this inner strength that is just so inspiring.I remember when I was a kid, I was really bad at math. I just couldn't seem to get the hang of it. I was so frustrated that I almost wanted to give up. But my grandpa, he sat down with me every evening. He didn't scold me for not being smart enough. Instead, he used all kinds of funny examples to explain those math problems to me. He would say things like, "Look, these numbers are like little soldiers, and we need to line them up in the right order." With his help, I gradually became interested in math again and my grades improved.He also taught me a lot about being a good person. He always said that we should be honest and helpful to others. He himself was a great example of that. There was a time when our neighbor was ill, and my grandpa went over to their house every day to help with cooking and cleaning. He didn't expect anything in return.My grandpa has influenced me in so many ways. He has taught me to be persistent in the face of difficulties, just like how he helped me with math. And also, he has shown me the importance of kindness and helping others. Whenever I face a tough situation in my life, I always think about what my grandpa would do. He's like my guiding star.雅思口语Part 3话题：Influence of famous people on young people。
剑桥雅思真题4-口语 Test 1-4(完整)
剑桥雅思真题4-口语Test 1-4（完整）Test 1PART IThe examiner asks the candidate about him/herself, his/her home, work or studies and other familiar topicsEXAMPLEFriendsAre your friends mostly your age or different ages? [Why?]Do you usually see your friends during the week or at weekends? [Why?]The last time you saw your friends, what did you do together?In what ways are your friends important to you?You will have to talk about the topic for one totwo minutes.You have one minute to think about whatyou’re going to say.You can make some notes to help you if youwish.PART 3Discussion topics:Looking after historic placesExample questionsHow do people in your country feel about protecting historic buildings/Do you think an area can benefit from having an interesting historic place locally? In what way?What do you think will happen to historic places or buildings in the future? Why?The teaching of history at schoolExample questionsHow were you taught history when you were at school?Are there other ways people can learn about history, apart from at school? How?Do you think history will still be a school subject in the future? Why?PART IThe examiner asks the candidate about him/herself, his/her home, work or studies and other familiar topicsEXAMPLEFood and cookingWhat kinds of food do you like to eat?What kind of new food would you like to try? [Why?]Do you like cooking? [Why/Why not?]What was the last meal you cooked?Do you prefer home-cooked food or food from restaurants? [Why?]You will have to talk about the topic forone to two minutes.You have one minute to think aboutwhat you’re going to say.You can make some notes to help you ifyou wish.PART 3Discussion topics:The social benefits of hobbiesExample questionsDo you think having a hobby is good for people's social life? In what way?Are there any negative effects of a person spending too much time on their hobby? What are they?Why do you think people need to have an interest or hobby?Leisure timeExample questionsIn your country, how much time do people spend on work and how much time on leisure? Is this a good balance, do you think?Would you say the amount of free time has changed much in the last fifty years?Do you think people will have more or less free time in the future? Why?PART IThe examiner asks the candidate about him/herself, his/her home, work or studies and other familiar topicsEXAMPLELeisureDo you have any hobbies or interests? [What are they?]How did you become interested in (whatever hobby/interest the candidate mentions)?What is there to do in your free time in (candidate's home town/village)?How do you usually spend your holidays?Is there anywhere you would particularly like to visit? [Why?]You will have to talk about the topic forone to two minutes.You have one minute to think aboutwhat you’re going to say.You can make some notes to help you ifyou wish.PART 3Discussion topics:Water-based leisure activitiesExample questionsWhat do people enjoy doing when they visit rivers, lakes or the sea? Why do you think these activities are popular?What benefits do you think people get from the activities they enjoy in the water?What are the different advantages of going to the sea or to a swimming pool to enjoy yourself? What do you think the disadvantages are?The economic importance of rivers, lakes and the seaExample questionsHow does water transport, like boats and ships, compare with other kinds? Are there any advantages/disadvantages of water transport?How important is it for a town or city to be located near a river or the sea? Why?Have there been any changes in the number of jobs available in fishing and water transport industries, do you think? Why do you think this is?PART IThe examiner asks the candidate about him/herself, his/her home, work or studies and other familiar topicsEXAMPLEYour favourite placeWhat place do you most like to visit?How often do you visit this place?Why do you like it so much?Is it popular with many other people?Has it changed very much since you first went there? [In what way?]You will have to talk about the topic forone to two minutes.You have one minute to think aboutwhat you’re going to say.You can make some notes to help you ifyou wish.PART 3Discussion topics:The Internet and communicationExample questionsWhat effect has the Internet had on the way people generally communicate with each other?Why do you think the Internet is being used more and more for communication?How reliable do you think information from the Internet is? Why? What about the news on the Internet?The Internet and shoppingExample questionsWhy do you think some people use the Internet for shopping? Why doesn't everyone use it in this way?What kinds of things are easy to buy and sell online? Can you give me some examples?Do you think shopping on the Internet will be more or less popular in the future? Why?。
剑桥雅思7Test4阅读Passage1真题解析
剑桥雅思7 Test4阅读Passage1真题解析剑桥雅思7，第四套试题，阅读部分Passage 1，阅读真题原文部分：READING PASSAGE 1You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1below.Pulling stings to build pyramidsNo one knows exactly how the pyramids were built. Marcus Chown reckons the answer could be hanging in the air.The pyramids of Egypt were built more than three thousand years ago, and no one knows how. The conventional picture is that tens of thousands of slaves dragged stones on sledges. But there is no evidence to back this up. Now a Californian software consultant called Maureen Clemmons has suggested that kites might have been involved. While perusing a book on the monuments of Egypt, she noticed a hieroglyph that showed a row of men standing in odd postures. They were holding what looked like ropes that led, via some kind of mechanical system, to a giant bird in the sky. She wondered if perhaps the bird was actually a giant kite, and the men were using it to lift a heavy object.Intrigued, Clemmons contacted Morteza Gharib, aeronautics professor at the California Institute of Technology. He was fascinated by the idea. Coming from Iran, I have a keen interest in Middle Eastern science, he says. He too was puzzled by the picture that had sparked Clemmonss interest. The object in the sky apparently had wings far too short and wide for a bird. The possibility certainly existed that it was a kite, he says. And since he needed a summer project for his student Emilio Graff, investigating the possibility of using kites as heavy lifters seemed like a good idea.Gharib and Graff set themselves the task of raising a 4.5-metre stone column from horizontal to vertical, using no source of energy except the wind. Theirinitial calculations and scale-model wind-tunnel experiments convinced themthey wouldn’t need a strong wind to lift the 33.5-tonne column. Even a modest force, if sustained over a long time, would do. The key was to use a pulley system that would magnify the applied force. So they rigged up a tent-shaped scaffold directly above the tip of the horizontal column, with pulleys suspended from the scaffolds apex. The idea was that as one end of the column rose, the base would roll across the ground on a trolley. Earlier this year, the team putClemmonss unlikely theory to the test, using a 40-square-metre rectangular nylon sail. The kite lifted the column clean off the ground. We were absolutely stunned, Gharib says. The instant the sail opened into the wind, a huge force was generated and the column was raised to the vertical in a mere 40 seconds.The wind was blowing at a gentle 16 to 20 kilometres an hour, little more than half what they thought would be needed. What they had failed to reckon with was what happened when the kite was opened. There was a huge initial force- five times larger than the steady state force, Gharib says. This jerk meant that kites could lift huge weights, Gharib realised. Even a 300-tonne column could have been lifted to the vertical with 40 or so men and four or five sails. So Clemmons was right: the pyramid builders could have used kites to lift massive stones into place. Whether they actually did is another matter, Gharib says. There are no pictures showing the construction of the pyramids, so there is no way to tell what really happened. The evidence for using kites to move large stones is no better or worse than the evidence for the brute force method, Gharib says.Indeed, the experiments have left many specialists unconvinced. The evidence for kite-lifting is non-existent, says Willeke Wendrich, an associate professor of Egyptology at the University of California, Los Angeles.Others feel there is more of a case for the theory. Harnessing the wind would not have been a problem for accomplished sailors like the Egyptians. And they are known to have used wooden pulleys, which could have been made strong enough to bear the weight of massive blocks of stone. In addition, there is some physical evidence that the ancient Egyptians were interested in flight. A wooden artefact found on the step pyramid at Saqqara looks uncannily like a modern glider. Although it dates from several hundred years after the building of the pyramids, its sophistication suggests that the Egyptians might have been developing ideas of flight for a long time. And other ancient civilisations certainly knew about kites; as early as 1250 BC, the Chinese were using them to deliver messages and dump flaming debris on their foes.The experiments might even have practical uses nowadays. There are plenty of places around the globe where people have no access to heavy machinery, but do know how to deal with wind, sailing and basic mechanical principles. Gharib has already been contacted by a civil engineer in Nicaragua, who wants to put up buildings with adobe roofs supported by concrete arches on a site that heavy equipment cant reach. His idea is to build the arches horizontally, then lift them into place using kites. Weve given him some design hints, says Gharib. Were just waiting for him to report back. So whether they were actually used to build the pyramids or not, it seems that kites may make sensible construction tools in the 21 st century AD.Questions 1-7Do the following statements agree with the information given in ReadingPassage 1?In boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this1 It is generally believed that large numbers of people were needed to build thepyramids.2 Clemmons found a strange hieroglyph on the wall of an Egyptian monument.3 Gharib had previously done experiments on bird flight.4 Gharib and Graff tested their theory before applying it.5 The success of the actual experiment was due to the high speed of the wind.6 They found that, as the kite flew higher, the wind force got stronger.7 The team decided that it was possible to use kites to raise very heavy stones.Questions 8-13Complete the summary below.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answerWrite your answers in boxes 8-13 on your answer sheet.Additional evidence for theory of kite-liftingThe Egyptians had 8 ………… which could lift large pieces of 9 …………. Theknew how to use the energy of the wind from their skill as 10 …………discovery on one pyramid of an object which resembled a 11 ………… sugges they may have experimented with 12 ………… . In addition, over two thousandyears ago kites were used in China as weapons, as well as for sending13 ………… .READING PASSAGE 1篇章结构体裁说明文主题线牵金字塔结构引言：引出Marcus Chown的新观点。
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剑7雅思口语模板Test4Part1-Traveling to work or college
剑7雅思口语模板Test4Part1：
The examiner asks the candidate about him/ herself, his/ her home, work or studies and other familiar topics.
1. Q: How do you usually travel to work or college? Why?
A: Most of time, I take the bus or the subway to go to work. There are a lot of buses coming and going, and I don’t have to wait for a long time.
2. Q: Have you always traveled to work/college in the same way? Why / Why not?
A: No. If I am in a hurry or when it rains, I will take the taxi. In my city, it is really difficult to get on a bus in rainy days. If I don’t want to be late, taking the taxi is the best option.
3. Q: What do you like about travelling to work/college this way?
A: I like taking the taxi because it is better, and I don’t have to be crammed in the sardine-like bus. As we know, the buses tend to be stuffy in summer time，and I don’t feel comfortable when there are too many people around me.
4. Q: What changes would improve the way you travel to work / college? Why?
A: The change that we are waiting for is to have more buses during rush hour. If there are more buses, and they come every few minutes, people don’t have to struggle to get on the bus.
口语考官答案
Travelling to work or college
1. Q: How do you usually travel to work or college? Why?
A: I travel to work by bus because it is convenient and cheap.
2. Q: Have you always travelled to work/college in the same way? Why? / Why not?
A: Metro, I have always traveled to work like this because it is so efficient, quick and cheap.
Or A: No, I used to travel to work by motorbike because I didn’t live near a subway.
3. Q: What do you like about travelling to work/college this way?
A: I like travelling to work by Metro because I am able to read my book and listen to my music.
4. Q: What changes would improve the way you travel to work/college? Why?
A: The changes that I would make to improve the way I travel would be to increase the number of seats on the subway. There are many people that live in the city and during rush hour the subway can get very busy. Standing up, especially if you are travelling a long distance, can become uncomfortable and you can end up being pushed about. I think sitting down is a lot safer and a lot more comfortable.。