核桃去壳机的设计

核桃去壳机的设计

摘要

刮板式核桃去壳机以前也称为刀笼剥壳机，是借助转动轴上的刮板与笼栅的挤压和打击作用，将核桃果外壳破碎的一种机械设备，其特点是结构简单、操作方便。

它主要由进料机构、剥壳机构和支承机构等部分组成，核桃果进入存料斗后，经下部的入料窄口形成薄层流落下来进入剥壳箱内，与高速旋转的刮板相互碰撞，在刮板的锤击下，核桃壳发生破裂，从而进行第一次剥壳。部分核桃果在下落过程中没有与刮板发生碰撞，有些发生碰撞了而核桃壳却未撞裂，这部分核桃落入到由圆钢棒排列成的栅格上，由于栅格顶部与刮板的旋转外径间的间距不足以容纳一个核桃果，因此核桃果将在落入栅格的同时被刮板再次锤击和挤压，从而使这些核桃果的果壳也被压碎。剥壳后的仁与壳通过栅格间的间隙落下，在下落的同时，受到风机吹来的经调节好的气流作用，果壳因重量轻而被气流送入集壳通道，而核桃仁因重量大，继续往下落，从而达到了壳仁分离的目的。

关键词：核桃去壳剥壳机构支撑机构核桃壳核桃仁

Abstract

Scraper type walnut sheller previously known as cutter cage peeling machine, is the use of rotating blade shaft and a cage gate extrusion and blow, a mechanical equipment walnut fruit shell is broken, it is characterized by simple structure, convenient operation.

It is mainly composed of a feeding mechanism, shucking mechanism and supporting mechanism and other parts, walnut fruit into the storage hopper, the feeding slot at the lower part of the thin layer of living down into the shell box, the mutual collision and scraper with high rotation speed, the scraper hammer, walnut shell rupture, which for the first time sheller. Part of walnut fruit in the fall and no scraper collision, some collision and walnut shell does not crack, this part of the walnut into the grid arranged by bars, distance of the rotating diameter grid between top and scraper is not big enough to accommodate a walnut fruit, so walnut fruit will at the same time fall into the grid by the scraper again hammer and extrusion, so that the walnut shell was crushed. After shelling kernel and shell through a gap between grids fall, after falling at the same time, the effect of gas flow by the fan blowing adjusted well, shell due to light weight and by the airflow into shell channel, and walnut kernel for large weight, continue to fall, so as to achieve the husk separation purposes.

Keywords: walnut shell hulling mechanism supporting mechanism of walnut shell walnut

目录

毕业设计任务书 (Ⅲ)

调研报告 (Ⅳ)

摘要 (Ⅴ)

关键词 (Ⅵ)

第一章引言 (1)

1．1 课题提出的背景 (1)

1．2 核桃脱壳机械的发展 (1)

1．3 核桃脱壳机械的研究应用现状 (6)

1．3．1 目前核桃脱壳机采用的脱壳原理 (6)

1．3．2 新型脱壳技术 (7)

1．3．3 核桃脱壳机械的工艺研究 (8)

1．3．4 核桃脱壳机械存在的问题 (8)

1．4 核桃脱壳机械研究重点 (8)

1．4．1 提高核桃脱壳机械的通用性和适应性 (8)

1．4．2 提高机械脱壳率。降低破损率 (9)

1．4．3 向自动控制和自动化方向发展 (9)

1．5 核桃脱壳机械应用前景展望 (9)

第二章刮板式核桃去壳机的结构及工作原理 (11)

2．1 刮板式核桃去壳机的结构 (11)

2．2 工作原理 (12)

第三章刮板式核桃去壳机主要部件的结构设计 (13)

3．1设计前各项参数的确定 (13)

3．1．1 刮板的半径及转速初定 (13)

3．1．2 刮板所需功率计算 (13)

3．1．3 传动方案拟定 (14)

3．1．4 电动机的选择 (14)

3．1．5 传动装置的运动和参数计算 (15)

3．2 V带传动 (15)

3.3 轴 (18)

3.4 刮板结构 (19)