研究生英语学术论文写作考试大概
考研英语作文评分内容标准
考研英语作文评分内容标准Scoring criteria for the Graduate Entrance Exam English Writing Test。
The Graduate Entrance Exam English Writing Test is an important part of the exam, which is designed to evaluate the candidates' ability to express their ideas in English and their understanding of the language. The scoringcriteria for the exam are based on the following aspects:1. Content and relevance。
The content of the essay should be related to the topic given, and the candidate should be able to express his/her ideas clearly and logically. The essay should demonstrate a good understanding of the topic and provide relevant examples to support the arguments.2. Organization and coherence。
The essay should be well-organized and coherent, with a clear introduction, body, and conclusion. The ideas presented should be connected and flow smoothly from one paragraph to another.3. Language and vocabulary。
考研英语一大作文字数
考研英语一大作文字数
考研英语一大作文，通常指的是考研英语一的写作部分，其中包含两
篇作文：小作文（应用文写作）和大作文（议论文写作）。
根据教育
部考试中心的规定，考研英语一大作文的字数要求通常是：
1. 小作文（应用文写作）：约100词。
2. 大作文（议论文写作）：约160-200词。
考生在写作时应该注意字数要求，既不要过少也不要过多。
过少可能
会导致内容不完整，影响得分；过多则可能会使文章显得冗长，同样
不利于获得高分。
在考试中，考生应该合理安排时间，确保作文部分
能够充分展示自己的语言组织能力和逻辑思维能力。
同时，注意语法、拼写和标点的正确性，这些都是评分时会考虑的因素。
考研英语写作概述
2）期待回信
◦ （1）I am looking forward to your reply/hearing from you soon.
◦ （2）I look forward to a favorable reply at your earliest convenience.
◦ （3）Your prompt attention to my inquiry would be highly appreciated.
以及开放式作文 要求：160－200字， 满分20分， 平均分11分， 考场建议时间：40分钟； 目标得分：14分
2
小作文——应用文的评分侧重点
信息点的覆盖 内容的组织 语言的准确性 格式 语域的恰当 注：对语法结构和词汇多样性的要求将根据具
体试题做调整。允许在作文中使用提示语中 出现的关键词，但使用提示语中出现过的词 组或句子将被扣分
It May Concern,
对于关系较亲密的人可 以直呼其名。
(3)正文：
正文格式一般格式为首 段开头空四个字母，段 落之间不空行；现在流 行的格式，每段开头不 空格，但是各段之间空 一行。考生在格式方面 可以根据自己的习惯进 行选择。只要让阅卷人 看得舒服，且完全符合 应用文要求的文体就可 以。
考试时注意在看到题目要求后不要忙于动
笔。虽说小作文的字数充其量在一百多个单词，
但是依旧要在脑子里理清思路。最好能够在仔
细审题以后，认真列个提纲，这样更有利于思
路清晰。写作时，注意表达清楚以下几个方面。
首先交代清楚写信目的；其次为了让阅卷者对
你的文章结构及表意一目了然，注意关联词或
衔接词的运用；接下来，应该对个人的观点进
书信的格式
注意几个方面： 署名一律Li Ming（或者题干要求） 不要忘记Yours sincerely 或者Sincerely yours 开头
英文考研作文多少分
英文考研作文多少分英文：The score for the English writing section of the postgraduate entrance exam varies depending on the specific requirements of each university. Generally speaking, the score accounts for a relatively small proportion of the overall exam, usually around 10-20%. However, this does not mean that the importance of the writing section should be underestimated.A good score on the English writing section can demonstrate a candidate's language proficiency and writing ability, which are important factors for postgraduate study. In addition, the writing section is often used to test a candidate's critical thinking skills and ability to express ideas clearly and coherently.To achieve a high score on the English writing section, it is important to pay attention to the following aspects:1. Language proficiency: Candidates should have a good grasp of English grammar, vocabulary, and sentence structure. They should also be able to use appropriate language for different purposes and audiences.2. Writing skills: Candidates should be able to organize their ideas logically and coherently, and use appropriate rhetorical devices to enhance the persuasiveness of their arguments.3. Critical thinking: Candidates should be able to analyze and evaluate information, and draw logical conclusions based on evidence.In terms of writing style, it is important to use a formal and academic tone, and avoid slang or colloquial language. It is also important to proofread carefully for errors in grammar, spelling, and punctuation.In conclusion, while the English writing section of the postgraduate entrance exam may not be the most heavilyweighted section, it is still an important aspect of the exam that should not be overlooked. A good score on the writing section can demonstrate a candidate's language proficiency, writing skills, and critical thinkingabilities, all of which are important for success in postgraduate study.中文：英语写作考试分数因不同大学具体要求而有所不同。
考研英文作文多少字
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文档下载后可定制随意修改，请根据实际需要进行相应的调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种各样类型的实用资料，如教育随笔、日记赏析、句子摘抄、古诗大全、经典美文、话题作文、工作总结、词语解析、文案摘录、其他资料等等，如想了解不同资料格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by theeditor. I hope that after you download them,they can help yousolve practical problems. The document can be customized andmodified after downloading,please adjust and use it according toactual needs, thank you!In addition, our shop provides you with various types ofpractical materials,such as educational essays, diaryappreciation,sentence excerpts,ancient poems,classic articles,topic composition,work summary,word parsing,copyexcerpts,other materials and so on,want to know different data formats andwriting methods,please pay attention!Most exams require students to write an English composition, usually around 150-200 words. But for the postgraduate entrance examination, the word count might bea bit more. It depends on the specific requirements of the exam. Sometimes it could be around 200-300 words. You needto make sure you express your ideas clearly and precisely within the given word limit. Different topics might have different demands on the word count too. So, it's important to be flexible and adapt to the situation.Another thing to consider is the quality of your writing. It's not just about the number of words, but also how well you use the language. You should have good grammar, a rich vocabulary, and a logical structure. Don't justfocus on writing a long essay, but make every word count. And always proofread your work to avoid any mistakes. That way, you'll have a better chance of getting a good score.In some cases, you might be asked to write a verydetailed and in-depth composition, which could require even more words. But remember to stay on topic and not ramble. Each sentence should contribute to the overall message of your essay. Also, try to be creative and show your unique perspective. This can make your writing stand out from the others. So, when it comes to the word count for the postgraduate entrance examination English composition, it varies, but being prepared and having good writing skillsis key.。
考研英语作文一般多少分
考研英语作文一般多少分英文回答：In the graduate entrance examination in China, the English writing part usually accounts for a large proportion of the total score. The score for the English writing part is generally around 30 to 40 points. The writing part is usually divided into two sections, one is an essay and the other is a translation or a summary. For the essay, the score is often based on the coherence and logic of the article, the use of vocabulary and grammar, and the organization of ideas. A well-structured and well-expressed essay can usually get a higher score. As for the translation or summary, the accuracy of the translation and the ability to grasp the main points of the original text are the key factors for scoring.中文回答：在中国的研究生入学考试中，英语写作部分通常占总分的很大比例。
英语写作部分的分数一般在30到40分左右。
写作部分通常分为两个部分，一个是作文，另一个是翻译或者摘要。
14级研究生英语学术论文写作试题出题来源
14级研究⽣英语学术论⽂写作试题出题来源14级研究⽣英语学术论⽂写作考试试题出题来源I. Replace each underlined phrasal verb with a single verb to reduce the informality of the sentence. Note that you may need to add tense to the verb. (10*1’=10’)主要来⾃第⼀章课堂讲义及课后相关练习。
题⽬形式如下：(1)The material amenities of life have gone up in Western society. (increased)II. Complete the following description of the table below. (10*1’=10’)来⾃课外，题⽬形式如下：The table shows the 1._________ of different categories of families living in poverty in Australia in 1999. Among the aged people 2._________ , there were 6% (54,000) of people from households with single aged people living in poverty, while the 3. _________was 2% off (48,000) among people from families with aged couple. In families with no children, 19% (359,000) of single people lived in poverty while there were only 7% of couples had to face this problem.(答案：1. percentage 2. category 3. figure)III. Each of the following sentences is taken from an abstract of a research paper. The sentences are not put in an appropriate order. Please re-arrange the sentences to form a coherent abstract. Write the corresponding letter in the Answer Sheet.(5*2’=10’)来⾃课外IV. Revise the underlined parts of the following sentences. (10*2’=20’)主要来⾃讲义例⼦及练习题V. Paraphrase the following paragraphs. (10’+10’+10’=30’)1题来⾃课后练习题2-3题来⾃课外VI. Write a summary for the following text. (20’)来⾃课外2015公共研究⽣英语阅读与翻译期末考试题型及出题来源1. 阅读 3篇⽂章（52分，每⼩题4分）Passage 1 选⾃教材阅读练习；Passage 2 选⾃四级试卷；Passage 3 选⾃往年研究⽣⼊学试题。
研究生英语学术论文写作(考试大概)
Ⅰ. Goneup→increasedsetup→establishedPutupwith→toleratelookinginto→investigatingFigureout→determineputintopractice→implementComeupwith→developedmakeup→constituteGetridof→eliminatekeepup→maintainGonedown→decreasethinking→consideringⅡ.StructureofDataCommentaryDatacommentariesusuallyhastheseelementsinthefollowingorder.1.locationelementsand/orsummarystatements2.highlightingstatements3.discussionsofimplications,problems,exceptions,recommendations,orotherinterestingaspectsofthedata可能涉及到排序题，有例如下：①Acomputervirusisaprogramthatisspecificallyandmaliciouslydesignedtoattackaco mputersystem,destroyingdata.②Asbusinesshavebecomeinceasinglydependentoncomputers,e-mail,andtheInt ernet,concernoverthepotentialdestructivenessofsuchviruseshasalsogrow n.③TableXshowsthemostcommonsourcesofinfectionforU.S.businesses.④Ascanbeseen,inagreatmajorityofcases,theentrypointofthevirusinfection canbedetected,withe-mailattachmentsbeingresponsiblefornearly9outof10 viruses.⑤Thisveryhighpercentageisincreasinglyalarming,especiallysincewithacer tainamountofcautionsuchinfectionsarelargelypreventable.⑥Inconsequence,e-mailusersshouldbewaryofallattachments,eventhoesfroma trustedcolleagueoraknownsender.⑦Inaddition,allcomputersusedfore-mailneedtohaveacurrentversionofagood antivirusprogarmwhosevirusdefinitionsareupdatedregularly.⑧Whileitmaybepossibletolessenthelikelihoodofdownloadinganinfectedfile ,businessesarestillvulnerabletocomputervirusproblemsbecauseofhumaner rorandthethreatofnew,quicklyspreadingvirusesthatcannotbeidentifiedby antivvirussoftware.①②→Theoryandcommonbeliefs.③→Thestart④⑤⑥⑦⑧→Implications Ⅲ.信息性摘要Aninformativeabstract,asitsnameimplies,summarizesthekeypointsinth eRP.Itisanoverviewthatbrieflystatethe purpose,methods,results and conclu tions withquantitativeinformation.信息性摘要主要报道论文的研究目的、研究方法、研究结果与结论。
研究生英语期末考试作文字数
Title: The Challenge of Mastering Word Count in Graduate English FinalsAs graduate students embark on the final exam of their English coursework, they often find themselves grapplingwith the often-overlooked, yet critical, aspect of word count. This aspect, though seemingly minor, holds immense importance in determining the quality and impact of the essay. The struggle to strike the perfect balance between brevity and depth, while adhering to the prescribed word limit, is a skill that requires meticulous planning and execution.The first challenge lies in understanding the purpose and scope of the essay. Graduate-level English exams often demand a higher level of critical thinking and analysis, which naturally translates into a more detailed and nuanced discussion. However, it is essential to recognize that verbosity does not equate to quality. Instead, the key isto distill complex ideas into concise yet powerful language. This process begins with outlining. An effectiveoutline not only organizes the thoughts but also helps estimate the word count. It allows students to allocateappropriate space for each argument or point, ensuring that the essay flows smoothly and covers all essential aspects. Another crucial aspect is the choice of vocabulary. Graduate-level writing demands a more sophisticated vocabulary, but it is important to avoid unnecessary jargon or overly complex words. Clear and precise language is always preferred over convoluted phrases. This not only makes the essay easier to read but also helps manage the word count.The final step is revising and editing. This stage is crucial for optimizing the word count. Students should carefully review their essays, eliminating redundant phrases, tightening sentences, and ensuring that every word contributes to the overall argument. This process not only improves the essay's clarity but also often leads to a more concise and impactful piece.In conclusion, mastering word count in graduate English finals is not just a matter of adhering to a numerical limit. It is a reflection of one's ability to distill complex ideas into a coherent and powerful narrative. By understanding the essay's purpose, outlining effectively,choosing appropriate vocabulary, and revising diligently, students can overcome this challenge and produce essaysthat are both within the word limit and of the highest quality.**研究生英语期末考试作文字数之挑战**研究生在英语期末考试中，往往面临着作文字数控制这一常被忽视却至关重要的挑战。
考研英语作文二一般多少分
考研英语中，作文部分通常占据相当重要的分值，而具体分数的分配会根据不同年份的考试大纲有所变化。
考研英语一般分为两个部分：英语知识运用完形填空和写作，其中写作部分包括小作文应用文写作和大作文议论文写作。
在这两个部分中，大作文的分值通常较高。
以满分100分的考研英语试卷为例，作文部分的分值可能在30分左右，其中小作文大约10分，大作文大约20分。
但这个分值分配并不是固定的，有时根据考试
的具体要求，分值分配可能会有所调整。
考研英语作文的评分标准通常包括以下几个方面：
1. 内容完整性：考生是否能够全面地回答题目要求，涵盖所有要点。
2. 组织结构：文章是否有清晰的开头、中间和结尾，段落之间是否逻辑清晰。
3. 语言运用：包括词汇的丰富性、语法的正确性以及句式的多样性。
4. 观点表达：考生是否能够清晰、有力地表达自己的观点。
5. 写作风格：包括文章的连贯性、一致性以及整体的可读性。
考生在准备考研英语作文时，应该注重以下几个方面：
广泛阅读：通过阅读不同类型的英文材料，提高语言感知能力和积累词汇。
练习写作：定期练习写作，尤其是模拟考试中的作文题目，以提高写作速度和质量。
学习写作技巧：掌握如何构建文章框架、如何使用连接词使文章更加连贯等技巧。
获取反馈：向老师或同学寻求作文的反馈，了解自己的不足并加以改进。
最后，考研英语作文的得分也受到阅卷老师主观判断的影响，因此，考生应该尽量在考试中展现出自己最好的写作水平，以获得更高的分数。
考研英语大作文多少字
考研英语大作文多少字对于考研英语大作文的字数要求，我的看法是，一篇好的大作文应该在1500字以上。
这是因为，要想充分展现自己的观点，举例和论证，需要足够的篇幅。
比如，如果我要讨论一个复杂的话题，比如环境保护，我可能需要介绍一些相关的背景知识，然后列举一些具体的例子，最后进行总结和展望。
这样的话，如果字数太少，就很难做到这些。
英文回答：When it comes to the word count for the writing part of the postgraduate entrance examination, I believe that a good essay should be at least 1500 words long. This is because in order to fully express my views, provide examples and arguments, I need enough space. For example, if I want to discuss a complex topic, such as environmental protection, I may need to introduce some relevant background knowledge, then cite some specific examples, and finally summarize and look ahead. If the word count is too low, it would be difficult to accomplish all of these.中文回答：谈到考研英语大作文的字数要求，我认为一篇好的作文应该至少有1500字。
这是因为，为了充分表达我的观点，提供例子和论据，我需要足够的篇幅。
比如，如果我想讨论一个复杂的话题，比如环境保护，我可能需要介绍一些相关的背景知识，然后列举一些具体的例子，最后进行总结和展望。
mti的小作文和大作文平均分
mti的小作文和大作文平均分历年考研英语作文平均分根据历年来看，英语作文分为大作文和小作文，平均分，小作文一般5-6分，大作文12-15分，总分大概也就20分左右吧。
考研英语作文分值：考研英语作文由由A、B两节组成，考查考生的书面表达能力。
总分30分。
A节：考生根据所给情景写出约100词(标点符号不计算在内)的应用性短文，包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、摘要、报告等。
考生在答题卡2上作答。
总分10分。
B节：考生根据提示信息写出一篇160-200词的短文(标点符号不计算在内)。
提示信息的形式有主题句、写作提纲、规定情景、图、表等。
考生在答题卡2上作答。
总分20分。
考研英语作文评分标准1、第五档 A节(9-10分)B节(17-20分)很好地完成了试题规定的任务。
---包含所有内容要点;(老马说过，要内容与形式的统一。
不仅要有华丽的句型，还要把跟主题相关的文字加进去)---使用丰富的语法结构和词汇;(通篇简单句能拿到高分?金翅对这种说法，不能苟同)---语言自然流畅，语法错误极少;---有效地采用了多种衔接手法，文字连贯，层次清晰;---格式和语域恰当贴切。
对目标读者完全产生了预期的效果。
2、第四档 A节(7-8分)B节(13-16分)较好地完成了试题规定的任务。
---包含所有内容要点，允许漏掉1、2个次重点;---使用较丰富的语法结构和词汇;---语言基本准确，只有在试图使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇时才有个别语法错误;---采用了适当的衔接手法，层次清晰，组织较严密;---格式和语域较恰当。
对目标读者完全产生了预期的效果。
3、第三档 A节(5-6分)B节(9-12分)基本完成了试题规定的任务。
---虽漏掉一些内容，但包含多数内容要点;---应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的需求;---有一些语法及词汇错误，但不影响理解;---采用了简单的衔接手法，内容较连贯，层次较清晰;---格式和语域基本合理。
对目标读者基本完全产生了预期的效果。
《研究生英语学术论文写作基础》参考答案
课前准备 【提示】该环节可以让学生充分表达自己的看法，对错可以先不判定，本章学完之后再回过头加以分析。 1) The Methods of Improve your Oral English in Native Chinese-speaking School 【解答】首先，这个标题有语法错误和大小写错误，应当修改为 The Methods of Improving Your Oral English in Native Chinese-speaking School；其次，其中的代词 your 用得不合适，因为它是一种对话口吻，一般不 适宜于学术论文；另外，标题中一般尽可能不用功能词，即介词、冠词、连词等。如果要改进这个标题， 可以表达为 Methods of Improving Colleg The study of Chinese Teaching in Thailand Overseas School 解答该标题修饰关系不清，大小写有误，study 等多余。可以改进为 Teaching Chinese in Schools in Thailand 等。 3) A New Opportunity to the moral development of rural left-behind children 【解答】该标题大小写有误；new 的用法值得考虑，因为除非已经有所谓的 opportunity，否则就没有什么 new；修饰关系也有问题，尤其是 to 用得不对。可以改进为 Opportunity for the Moral Development of Left-behind Children in Rural Regions 等。 4) The H2O2-biosensor based on PVP and Nano-Au 【解答】这个标题相对较好，但大小写还有问题，冠词多余，限定不够明确。可以修改为 Developing H2O2-biosensor Based on PVP and Nano-Au 等。 5) The identification of PCV2 Gene 【解答】该标题主要毛病是冠词多余，限定不够。如果是研究如何辨别，那么可以修改为 How to identify PCV2 Gene?或 Identifying PCV2 Gene 等。 6) advantages and challenges of electroplating on Magnesium alloys 【解答】这个标题的问题是大小写不规范。应当修改为 Advantages and Challenges of Electroplating on Magnesium Alloys 等。 7) The impact of threatening information on pain recover time 【解答】按照英式大小写，该标题大小写是规范的，但 recover 的修饰关系不明确；另外，冠词 the 可以省 略。修改为 Impact of threatening information on pain recovery time 或 Impact of Threatening Information on Pain Recovery Time 等。 8) The Issues of Copyright in Cyber-space 【解答】这个标题相对较好，没太大问题。可以把 the 省略。 9) Research on student’s achievement assessment in mathematics. 【解答】这个标题中的 research 这个词是多余的，而末尾的句点则是一个严重标题错误。应当修改为 Assessment of student’s achievement in mathematics 或 Assessment of Student’s Achievement in Mathematics 等。 10) the diet problem in China 【解答】这个标题大小写不规范，冠词多余，话题太大、太泛，不像学术论文标题。可以修改为 Causes of the diet problem in China 或 Causes of the Diet Problem in China 等。
英语学术论文写作考试重点整理
学术文章：Features on the lexical level:词汇上的特征①Terminology ②Nominalization ③Abbreviation ④Use of single verbsFeatures on the syntactical level 句法特征①Long complex sentenceFor accuracy to explain coplicated ideas clearly and precisely②Simple-present tenseDescribes natural phenomena, processes and makes explanation vivid and timeless③Passive voiceconvince the reader of the objectivity of the desciption④Non-finite verbsparticiples, infinitives and gerunds are freqently used in EST1：Why do you engage in scientific research ?Reasons to Engage in Scientific Research：（1）Personal interest to explore the world （2）Solving practical problems（3）Career development （4）Technological development（5）Academic exchanges （6）Academic evaluation （7）Being forced to2：What are the types, the structure and the characteristics of academic paper ?In terms of disciplines, they can be divived intoThree large categories: （1）Philosophy（2）natural science （3）social science.In accordance with a combination of the content, target, methods and other factors.①Argumentative papers ②Descriptive papers③Academic Meeting/Research Reviews ④Book ReviewsCharacteristics of Academic WritingEnglish for science and technology(EST) refers to the style used in scientific and technological activities. Their features are:（1）Objectivity（2）Clarity（3）Coherence（4）Accuracy4：Structure of a DefinitionA definition consists of three elements:(1) the term itself, (2) the category the term belongs to, (3) the features of the term.5. Criteria of a Good Definition1. Follow rules that have traditionally been given for definition.2. State the essential attributes of that which is defined.3. Give examples of usage.4. Avoid circularity.5. Must be neither too broad or too narrow nor leave out any appropriate information, nor include that which does not truly apply.6. Must not be obscure.7. Should not be stated in the negative when it can be stated positively.6：Principles of Title SelectionValue Principle Scientific Principle Innovative Principle Feasibility Principle7：Methods for Choosing a TitleIn general, there are six main methods for choosing a research title.(1) Consult your professor or an expert (2) Participate in academic conferences(3) Select from puzzling problems (4) Read books and newspapers(5) Choose from your own interests (6) Do literature reviews7：Standards for Good Titles(1) Accuracy Word choices should be accurate and reflect the actual situation.(2) Brevity Using the most succinct text possible to summarize the contents.(3) Clarity The title should clearly reflect the subject of the paper.8：Writing Formats for TitlesTitles are usually written in the following three formats:①All the letters of the title are capitalized;②The first letter of each content words of the title is capitalized;③The first letter of the title is capitalized.8：Some widely observed guidelines for the use of tables are:①The table should be self-contained.That is, it can stand alone face to face with the paper.②A table is usually placed in a position near its relevant description.③Provide each table with a number (Table 1, Table 2, etc.) and a title.④The title should be clear, concise, complete and accurate. Try to use descriptive words, not abbreviated forms.⑤The title of a table or diagram most commonly follows the same three methods as given above for the paper title.⑥The format of the column title. The first letter of the first word and proper nouns are capitalized, other words are in lowercase.⑦Notes of table. To explain the column title, abbreviations, symbols and data, add notes or footnotes at the bottom of the table.⑧Do not repeat information in a table only if it presents new information.⑨It is easier to compare numbers by reading down a column rather than across a row.9：Data collection and selection usually follow four principles:（1）Centered around the theme （2）True and verifiable （3）Typical （4）Novel 10：Three Important Steps for Data Collection and Evaluation（1）Understand types of resources. （2）Critically read and evaluate those resources.（3）Take notes effectively.10：Four important dimensions in critical thinking and reading:(1) Structure (2) Purpose (3) Audience (4) Author11：Common criteria used to access the information found on the Internet:(1) Authorship (2) The publishing body (3) Point of view or bias(4) Referral to and/or display of knowledge of the literature(5) Accuracy or verifiability of details (6) Currency12：Criteria for evaluating accuracy:评估确定性的标准（1）For a research document, the data and the research method(s) are included.（2）The methodology is appropriate to the topic and allows the study to be duplicated for purposes of verification. The document relies on other sources or includes links to the documents themselves.（3）The document names individuals and/or sources that provided non-published data used inthe preparation of the study.（4）The background information that was used can be verified for accuracy.13：Criteria for currency:精度的标准（1）The document includes the date(s) at which the information was gathered.（2）The document refers to clearly dated information.（3）Where necessary, the document includes information on the regularity of updates.（4）The document includes a publication date or a “last updated”date.（5）The document includes a date of copyright.（6）If no date is given in an electronic document, you can view the directory in which it resides and read the date of latest modification.14：Functions of an OutlineOutline can be helpful to show the hierarchical relationship or logical ordering of information.15：Reasons for creating an outline:（1）Aids in the writing process.（2）Helps organize ideas.（3）Presents material in a logical form.（4）Shows relationships among ideas in the paper.（5）Constructs an ordered overview of what is written. （6）Defines boundaries and groups. 16：Four Main Components for Effective Outlines(1)Parallelism：Each heading and subheading should preserve parallel structure. If the first heading is a verb phrase, the second heading should also be a verb phrase.(2) Coordination：All informations contained in heading 1 should have the same significance as the information contained in heading 2.(3) Subordination：The information in the headings should be more general, while the information in the subheadings should be more specific.(4) Division：Each heading should be divided into 2 or more parts.17：Types of Outlines and Samples(1)Alphanumeric Outlines：Use alphabetical letters and numerals to outline the content of essays.(2) Full Sentence Outlines：The Full sentence outline format is essentially the same as the alphanumeric outline. The main difference is that full sentences are required at each level of the outline.(3) Decimal Outlines：The decimal outline is similar in format to the alphanumeric outline.the added benefit is a system of decimal notation that clearly shows how every level of the outline related to the large whole.18：Tips for Comparison and Contrast(1) Determine the organizational style.(2) State organization so as to ensure clarity.(3) Make preferences clear in comparison or contrast essay.(4) When organizing the writing, ensure information about the items being compared and contrasted are balanced.19：How many kinds of citation are there?Two types of citation:(1) Citation as note/reference, (2) Citation as material quoted.20：What does a writer usually do with in-text citation ?①Both the name and date enclosed in parentheses.The comma between the author and the year may or may not be included based on the publisher requirements.②To make the last name of the researcher the subject or object of the sentence or clause and follow it immediately with the date of the study in parentheses.③If you wish to emphasize the date of the cited study, you can omit the parentheses。
英语大作文考研多少个字
英语大作文考研多少个字How Many Words Should Be Written in the English Writing Test of Postgraduate Entrance Examination?As the most important part of the postgraduate entrance examination, the English writing test has always been a concern for candidates. One of the most frequently asked questions is how many words should be written in the test.In fact, there is no fixed answer to this question, as different schools and majors may have different requirements. However, based on my own experience and research, I would like to share some suggestions and tipson this topic.Firstly, it is important to read the instructions carefully before writing. Most schools will provide clear guidelines on the length of the essay, such as a range of words or a specific number of words. For example, some schools require candidates to write an essay of 500 to 800 words, while others may ask for a 600-word essay. Therefore,candidates should pay attention to the instructions and make sure they follow them strictly.Secondly, candidates should consider the content and structure of their essays. In general, the length of an essay should be determined by the amount of informationthat needs to be conveyed and the complexity of the arguments. If the topic is relatively simple and straightforward, a shorter essay may be sufficient. However, if the topic is more complex and requires in-depth analysis and discussion, a longer essay may be necessary. Moreover, candidates should also pay attention to the structure of their essays, as a well-organized essay with clear and logical arguments is usually more effective than a lengthy but poorly structured one.Lastly, candidates should practice writing essays regularly and try to improve their writing skills. Writingis a skill that can be developed through practice and feedback. Candidates can read sample essays, analyze their strengths and weaknesses, and learn from them. They canalso seek feedback from their teachers or peers, and revisetheir essays accordingly. By doing so, they can not only improve their writing skills but also develop a better understanding of the requirements and expectations of the English writing test.In conclusion, the length of the English writing test in the postgraduate entrance examination varies from school to school and from major to major. Candidates should read the instructions carefully, consider the content and structure of their essays, and practice writing regularly to improve their skills. With these tips and suggestions, candidates can better prepare themselves for the writing test and achieve better results.。
研究生英语二作文字数
研究生英语二作文字数A Comparison of Traditional Classroom Learning and Online EducationWith the advancement of technology, online education has become an increasingly popular alternative to traditional classroom learning. As a result, it is important to understand the differences between these two approaches in order to make an informed decision about which one is best for an individual's education.One major distinction between traditional classroom learning and online education is the physical presence of the instructor and other students. In a traditional classroom setting, students are able to interact face-to-face with their instructors, ask questions and engage in discussions with their classmates. This personal interaction can be invaluable in promoting learning and understanding of the material. On the other hand, online education provides a more flexible learning environment, where students can access course materials and assignments at their own convenience. This flexibility allows individuals to balance their studies with work and family commitments, making it an attractive option for those with busy schedules.Another distinction between these two approaches lies in the delivery of course materials. In a traditional classroom, instructors typically present lectures in person, supplemented with written materials such as textbooks and handouts. In contrast, online education relies heavily on digital platforms, where instructors may provide recorded video lectures, online forums for discussion, and downloadable readings. While the ability to revisit recordedlectures can be advantageous for students who need to review the material, it may also require students to have a strong level of self-discipline and motivation to stay on track with their studies.Furthermore, the assessment methods used in traditional classroom learning and online education differ. In a traditional classroom, assessments are often conducted through written examinations, presentations, and class participation. Immediate feedback can be given by the instructor, allowing students to review their performance and make necessary improvements. In online education, assessments are usually carried out online, such as through quizzes and assignments submitted electronically. While this allows for flexibility in terms of when and where students can complete their assessments, it may lack the feedback and interaction with the instructor that traditional classroom assessments provide.In conclusion, both traditional classroom learning and online education offer unique benefits and challenges. The choice between the two ultimately depends on an individual's learning style, schedule, and personal preferences. Traditional classroom learning provides personal interaction and immediate feedback, while online education offers convenience and flexibility. By considering these factors, individuals can make an informed decision about the best approach to their own education journey.。
考研英语作文 多少字啊
考研英语作文多少字啊As the number of students taking the postgraduate entrance exam continues to rise, the topic of "how many words should be written in the postgraduate English writing" has attracted widespread attention. Some believe that a longer essay can demonstrate a deeper understanding of the topic, while others argue that a concise and well-organized essay is more effective in conveying one's thoughts. In my opinion, the ideal length of a postgraduate English writing should be around 1500 words.First and foremost, a 1500-word essay provides enough space for students to fully develop their ideas and arguments. With a sufficient word count, students can delve into the complexities of the topic, present multiple perspectives, and offer detailed examples to support their points. This not only demonstrates a thorough understanding of the subject matter but also showcases the student's critical thinking and analytical skills. Additionally, a longer essay allows students to explore different anglesand nuances of the topic, making their arguments more nuanced and compelling.Moreover, a 1500-word essay gives students the opportunity to showcase their writing skills and language proficiency. Writing a longer essay requires students to use a wide range of vocabulary, sentence structures, and rhetorical devices, which can help them improve their overall writing ability. Furthermore, a longer essay allows students to demonstrate their ability to organize their thoughts logically, structure their arguments cohesively, and present their ideas clearly and persuasively. These are all essential skills for academic writing and can greatly enhance a student's chances of success in the postgraduate entrance exam.On the other hand, some may argue that a shorter essay is more concise and to the point, making it easier for the reader to grasp the main ideas. While this may be true to some extent, a 1500-word essay can also be concise and focused if the student is able to effectively structure their arguments and eliminate unnecessary details. Bycarefully planning and outlining the essay, students can ensure that every word serves a purpose and contributes to the overall coherence and persuasiveness of the essay.In conclusion, while there is no strict rule on how many words should be written in a postgraduate English writing, a 1500-word essay strikes a good balance between depth of analysis and conciseness. This word count allows students to fully develop their ideas, showcase their writing skills, and present their arguments in a clear and compelling manner. Ultimately, the quality of the essay is more important than the quantity of words, and students should focus on crafting a well-structured, coherent, and persuasive essay that effectively communicates their thoughts and ideas.。
考研英文作文多少字
考研英文作文多少字英文：When it comes to the word count of the English writing part of the postgraduate entrance examination, it varies from school to school and from subject to subject. Generally speaking, the word count ranges from 500 to 1500 words. For example, the English writing part of the postgraduate entrance examination of Peking University requires a word count of around 800 words, while the English writing part of the postgraduate entrance examination of Tsinghua University requires a word count of around 1000 words.In terms of my personal experience, I took the postgraduate entrance examination of Peking University last year, and the English writing part required a word count of around 800 words. It was not an easy task for me, as I had to write an essay within a limited time and with a limited word count. However, I found that it was helpful to make anoutline before writing the essay, which helped me to organize my thoughts and to write more efficiently.中文：关于考研英语作文的字数，不同学校和不同专业的要求会有所不同。
考研英语一作文字数
考研英语一作文字数英文回答：As for the word count of the postgraduate entrance examination English, it is usually required to write an essay of about 1500 words. This is to test the candidates' ability to express their ideas and thoughts in a coherent and organized manner. Writing a longer essay also allows the candidates to demonstrate their language proficiency and critical thinking skills.In my personal experience, when I was preparing for the postgraduate entrance examination, I found it challenging to write a 1500-word essay within the given time limit. However, with practice and perseverance, I was able to improve my writing speed and quality. I learned tostructure my essay with an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion to ensure a clear and logical flow of ideas. I also made use of transitional phrases andidiomatic expressions to make my essay more engaging andpersuasive.中文回答：关于考研英语一的作文字数，通常要求写一篇大约1500字的文章。
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Ⅰ.Gone up → increased set up → establishedPut up with → tolerate looking into → investigating Figure out → determine put into practice → implement Come up with → developed make up → constituteGet rid of → eliminate keep up → maintainGone down → decrease thinking → consideringⅡ.Structure of Data CommentaryData commentaries usually has these elements in the following order.1.location elements and/or summary statements2.highlighting statements3.discussions of implications,problems,exceptions,recommendations,or otherinteresting aspects of the data可能涉及到排序题，有例如下：①A computer virus is a program that is specifically and maliciously designed to attack a computer system,destroying data.②As business have become inceasingly dependent on computers,e-mail,and the Internet,concern over the potential destructiveness of such viruses has also grown.③Table X shows the most common sources of infection for U.S. businesses.④As can be seen, in a great majority of cases,the entry point of the virus infection can be detected,with e-mail attachments being responsible for nearly 9 out of 10 viruses.⑤This very high percentage is increasingly alarming,especially since with a certain amount of caution such infections are largely preventable.⑥In consequence,e-mail users should be wary of all attachments,even thoes from a trusted colleague or a known sender.⑦In addition,all computers used for e-mail need to have a current version of a good antivirus progarm whose virus definitions are updated regularly.⑧While it may be possible to lessen the likelihood of downloading an infected file,businesses are still vulnerable to computer virus problems because of human error and the threat of new,quickly spreading viruses that cannot be identified by antivvirus software.①②→Theory and common beliefs. ③→The start ④⑤⑥⑦⑧→Implications Ⅲ.信息性摘要An informative abstract,as its name implies,summarizes the key points in the RP.It is an overview that briefly state the purpose,methods,results and conclutions with quantitative information.信息性摘要主要报道论文的研究目的、研究方法、研究结果与结论。
它是论文全文的高度浓缩，相当于论文的简介或概要，但它又不是简单对原文篇幅进行按比例的缩减，而是要进行深入加工。
比较流行的信息性摘要架构有：①Objective→Methodology→Results→Conclusions②Background→Purpose and aim→Methods→Results→Conclusions③Background+purpose→Methodology→Result→ConclusionⅣ.Appendix 1 常用词汇、短语的用法Above“above”可用于指称前面提到的信息，但只能以一个段落或前几个句子中曾出现过的信息为限。
“above”不能用来说明前几个段落甚至前几页中曾经出现的信息，否则读者会感到迷惑，不清楚“above”所指的信息是什么。
e.g. (1)The above explanation will help answer this question. (刚提及)否则就应该用下列写法(2) We can adopt the explanation described earlier to answer this question.(3) We can apply the explanation introduced in Section 2 to answer this question. As mentioned above, as mentioned previously这两个短语的用法有些不同。
“as mentioned previously” (as mentioned earlier) 通常用来指几个段落或几页前所提到的内容。
作者想指明前几个句子所提到的内容时，可以使用“as just mentioned”。
建议撰写科技论文的作者尽可能使用较准确的词来代替“as mentioned above”或“as mentioned earlier”。
例如，当作者指的是上一节中的内容，则可用“as mentioned in the preceding section”来表达，而不用“as mentioned above”。
Appendix若论文、着作或研究报告只有一个附录，则在文章中应该使用“the Appendix”。
若有两个以上的附录，则采用“Appendix A”，“Appendix B”或“Appendix I”, “Appendix II”来指称这些附录，而且“Appendix”前可不加冠词。
e.g. The properties of various materials used in the design and analysis of heat pipes are presented in Appendix C.As follows“as follows”, “the following”, “as shown below”都是正确的形式，而“as followings”，“as the followings”, “as below”等都是不正确的形式。
e.g. (1) Solutions for equation (1) and (2) can be derived as follows.(2) Commonly used methods include the following:Aspect在英文科技论文中，aspect及area之类的词，常常是累赘而应该加以省略的词。
累赘：(1) Regarding the application aspect of Genetic Algorithm (遗传算法), many approaches have been proposed.累赘：(2) In the area of application of Genetic Algorithm, many approaches have been proposed.简洁：(3) Many approaches to application of Genetic Algorithm have been proposed. 简洁：(4) Many applications of Genetic Algorithm have been proposed.Based“Based”这个词常出现在论文的题目中，用于名词短语“基于某物或某方法的…...”之中，以使该名词短语简洁。
e.g. (1) 基于气泡堆积法的非结构化网络生成bubble packing method based unstructured grid generationBased on若句首出现以based on开头的过去分词短语，则必须注意过去分词表示的被动行为对象是句子中的主语。
然而，在绝大多数以based on开头的句子中，based on开头的过去分词短语却不能合理地修饰句子的主语。
由此看来，还是应该用on the basis of，by，from, According to或其他词来替代based on，否则就需要重写句子，以便使读者清楚地了解是什么的“基础”。
正：(2) From Eq. (6), it is obtained that….佳：(4) On the basis of the experimental results, we conclude that….佳：(5) From the experimental results, we conclude that….佳：(6) the experimental results show that….在下列例句中，以based on开头的短语就可以正确地修饰句子的主语。