兰州大学网络教育学院术语词典

兰州大学网络教育学院术语词典Unit One
1. roar n.&v.
1) n. loud burst of sound 咆哮
2) vi. to make a loud noise咆哮；喧闹
2. traffic n.
1) n. movement of vehicles or persons交通
2) n.&vt. illegal trade or to deal illegally 非法贩运
3. brake n.&vi.
1) n. a restraint used to slow or stop a vehicle 刹车
2) vt. to stop a vehicle, slow down a vehicle 刹车
4. howl n.&v.
1) n. cry out长嚎，高声叫喊，啸鸣
2) v. to cry out 长嚎，高声叫喊，啸鸣
5. curse n.&v.
1) n. swear word诅咒
2) v. to wish evil on someone or something诅咒
6. be responsible for 为…负责
7. in particular ad.尤其
8. invent vt.
1) vt. to creat, to design发明
2) vt. to concoct; to fabricate捏造
9. blame n.&vt.责备
1) n. an accusation or reproach责备
2) vt. to put or pin the blame on
10. though conj.&ad.
1) conj. despite, in spite of虽然；尽管
2) ad. anyway(常放在句末)不管怎样；尽管
11. find out v. to discover, learn about搞明白
12. delight n.&v.
1) n. a feeling of extreme pleasure or satisfaction高兴
2) vt. to give pleasure to or be pleasing to 乐意做…
13. reduce v.
1) vt. cut down on减少；降低；减轻
2) vt. bring to humbler or weaker state or condition 使落魄；身份降低
3) vi. to become less fat 设法减轻体重，减肥
Unit Two
1. survive v.
1) vt. to continue in existence after …艰难度过…
2) vt. to live longer than …比…活得长
3) vi. to continue to live, endure or last活着，继续存在
2. bear vt.
1) vt. endure 忍受(后面可以带名词、动词不定式、动名词、各种形式的宾补)
2) vt. have …, wear … 上面有…；怀有…
3) vt. produce生；结（果）
3. amount n.&vi.
1) n. 数量（多和不可数名词连用）
2) vi. to add up to 达到…（常与to 连用）
4. maintain v.
1) vt. keep in good condition 维持；维修
2) vt.&vi. to insist；to state or to assert 坚持；强调
5. fairly ad.
1) moderately相当地(常修饰形容词或副词)
2) quite简直；完全地
3) justly公道地；老实地
6. constant a.
1) a. continuous 经常的，不断的
2) a. firm, steadfast稳定的，不变的
7. provide vt.
1) vt. to supply, furnish or give提供，给准备
2) vt. to determine, especially by including a proviso condition or stipulation 规定8. seek v.
1) vt. to try to get or reach寻求；找寻
2) vi. to make an effort or attempt 企图；设法（后跟动词不定式）
9. underground ad.&a.
1) ad. 在地下
2) ad. 秘密地
3) ad. 用于go underground, 转入地下
4) a. beneath the ground 地下的，在地下
5) a. 地下的；不公开的
10. on the surface
1)（作表语）表面的
2)（作状语）从表面看
11. “surface” n.&v.
1) n. 表（水）面
2) n. 外表
3) n.（作定语）地面上的；表面的
4) vi. 浮出水面
5) vt. 涂上一层；铺上
Unit Three
1. on their own
1) ad.（作状语）独自，靠自己的力量
2) a.（作表语）靠自己，独自一个人
2. evidence n.
1) n. proof证据，根据
2) n. 迹象
3. in reality 实际上
4. shape v.&n.
1) vt. to mold or form使成型，使发展成某种样子
2) n. the visual appearance of something or someone 形状
5. determine v.
1) vt. to settle conclusively; to shape or influence 决定；影响
2) vi. to come to a decision about something下决心；作出决定
3) vt. to fix in scope; to fix the boundaries of 判定（大小、尺寸等）
6. base… on 把…建立在…上，以…为基础
7. value v.&n.
1) vt. to hold dear珍视，重视
2) vt. to place a value on; judge the worth of something估价
3) n. the worth价值
8. obtain vt. to acquire; to achieve 得到；获得；买到
9. rate n.&vi.
1) n. amount of a charge or payment relative to some basis 比率
2) n. the relative speed of progress or change 速度
3) v. to evaluate 给…估价
4) vt&vi. assign a rank to 排名；划等级
10. level off 上升后开始平稳起来
11. end in… = end (up) in …
1) vi. 以…告终，结果
2) vi. 以…结尾
12. involve v. to connect closely 牵涉
13. believe in
1) vt. to have faith in 相信，信赖
2) vt. to have a firm conviction as to the goodness of something主张，认为是好的14. sacrifice vt.&vi.&n.
1) vt. endure the loss of 损失
2) vt. kill or destroy牺牲
3) n. the act of losing or surrendering something for a deity 牺牲；供奉
15. for the sake of 为了…，看在…的份上
16. better off in a better condition 情况更好
17. embarrass v. to cause unease or anxiety 使…窘迫；蒙羞
Unit Four
1. climate n.
1) n. 气候
2) n. (非天气现象)…气候
2. relate v.
1) vt. to make a connection between 使有联系
2) vi. (followed by “to”) to have a good relationship with和…发生联系；和…有关系
3. bizarre a. strange, unusual, odd奇异的, 怪诞的
4. atmosphere n.
1) n. climate of a particular region 天气状况；大气层
2) n. a particular environment or surrounding influence 环境；气氛
5. behave v.
1) vi. to behave in a certain manner 表现, 行为
2) vi. to behave well or properly 举止得体
6. react v.
1) vi. to show a response or a reaction to something 产生影响
2) vi. to show a response or a reaction to something对…作出反应
3) vi. to undergo a chemical reaction 起反应
7. violently ad. by force, with violence 剧烈地；猛烈地
8. constant a. continuous; firm, steadfast持续的；不变的；经常
9. determine
1) to establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study 判定；
2) to decide upon or fix definitely测定
3) to resolve to 决心
4) to reach or come to a decision about something 决定; 得出结论
5) to decide on 决定
10. average a.
1) a. intermediate, regular, common 平均的, 一般的，通常的
2) vi.&vt. to have a mean of 平均达到
3) n. a statistic describing the location of a distribution平均数，平均水平
11. forecast vt.&n.
1) vt. to predict预测，预见，预言
2) n. a prediction 预测，预报
12. effect n.&vt.
1) n. result, outcome; influence; impact 结果，影响，效果
2) vt. to bring into effect, to put into action, to execute, to do招致，达到，引起13. since conj.&prep.&ad.
1) conj. from a particular time until now 自从
2) conj. because 既然，因为
3) prep. from a particular time until now
4) ad. from a particular time until now
14. retreat v.&n.
1) vi. to move back 后移
2) vi. to pull back or move away or backward 后退
3) n. withdrawal to a more favorable position; a place of privacy 撤退；隐退
4) vi. to make a retreat from an earlier commitment or activity从以前的义务退出
15. as a result 其结果是
16. distribute v.
1) vt. to allot, to hand out分配，散发
2) vt. to divide into stages or classes 分类；分开
3) vi. to disperse widely; spread throughout a given area 散布，分布
17. affect vt.
1) vt. to have an effect on影响，作用
2) vt. to have an emotional or cognitive impact upon感动
18. due to 由于
Unit Five
1. prefer v. 宁愿要，更喜欢
英语中有些形容和“to”组成比较级结构。

这样的形容词结构有：“…prefer to…”（喜欢…胜过…）, “…inferior to…”（…不如… / …劣于…）, “…superior to…” （…比…好）, “…junior to…” （…比…年轻）, “…senior to…” （…比…年老）, “prior to” （…早于…）。

见课后练习。

2. “would (had) rather … than …” 宁愿…而不愿…
3. follow v.
1) v. 跟随
2) v. 遵循，依照…行事
4. tend vi. 倾向于…
5. at least
1) 至少(表数量或程度)
2) (表示埋怨)至少(应该或可以)
3) (和but连用) 但至少
6. as well as 同，和，也
7. among other things (others) …及其他东西；除此之外，其中还有
8. happen to vi. 恰好，碰巧，偶然
9. mood n. 情绪，心理状态
10. doubt n.&v.
1) n. 怀疑
2) v. 怀疑, 不相信
11. depress vt.
1) vt. to make sad, discourage 使沮丧；使压抑
2) vt. to press down on使萧条；使下降
12. attempt v.
1) vt. to try企图, 尝试
2) n. activity intended to do or accomplish something 企图, 尝试
13. establish v. 确立, 证实, 确定
14. rather than 而不是，与其…宁愿…
15. associate v. 把…跟…联系起来, 和…发生关系
16. vary v. 有差异, 变化, 各不相同, 使有变化
Unit Six
surf v.&n.
1) vt. move from site to site on the Internet 网上搜寻信息
2) vi.&vt. ride the waves of the sea with a surfboard 冲浪运动
3) n. wave breaking on the shore 冲浪，激浪
2. to some extent 某种程度上讲
3. communicate v.
1) vt. express one's thoughts and ideas 表达
2) vt. 传染，使感染（后面往往跟+to）
3) vi. exchange information or ideas 与…交流
4. recently ad.最近
5. deliver v.
1) vt. bring to a destination 递送；送货/送信
2) vt. to help at the birth of a baby or to give birth to a baby 接生
3) vt. to speak, sing, or utter 发表演说、演唱等
4) vt. to release, to liberate, or to free as from control 释放；解救
6. completely ad.完全地，十分地
7. hybrid n.&a.
1) n. 混合物，杂种
2) a. 混合的
8. blend v.
1) vi. mix together different elements 相融
2) vi. to harmonize, to fit, to agree 和谐
9. component n.&a.
1) n. an abstract part of something组件，组成部分
2) a. 组成的，合成的
10. face-to-face
1) ad. 面对面地
2) a. 面对面的
11. interactive a. 相互作用的，交互式的
12. mediate v.
1) vt. to intervene; to reconciliate调停，斡旋
2) a. acting through an intervening agency or being neither at the beginning nor at the end 间接的，居中的
13. facilitate vt. to make easier 促进
14. format n.&vt.
1) n. the general appearance of a publication 板式，格式
2) vt. to set (printed matter) into a specific format 安排；规范
3) v. divide (a disk) into marked sectors使…格式化
15. interchangeable a.可互相转换的
16. click v.&n.
1) vi. to knock quickly 使…发出咔哒声
2) v. to move or strike with a noise点击
3) vi. to become clear suddenly (使人)突然明白；(使人)恍然大悟
4) vi. to enter one’s consciousness or emotion 情投意合；一见钟情
5) n. a short light metallic sound 咔哒声
17. informative a. 见闻广博的；信息充足的
18. flexible a. elastic, adaptable, able to bend easily 有弹性的，易弯曲的
19. versatile a.
1) a. multi-purpose多功能的
2) a. skilled to do many things多才多艺的
20. stick to vt.
1) vt. to be loyal to; to be faithful to 忠诚于；忠实于
2) vt. to follow, to adhere to 坚持；遵守
Unit Seven
1. obesity n. 肥胖
2. skyrocket vi.&n.
1) vi. rise suddenly or sharply陡升
2) n. a kind of firework 冲天火箭（一种烟花爆竹）
3. spectacular a. impressive, thrilling壮观的，令人惊叹的
4. portion n. part, piece 部分，一份
5. eventually ad. 最终
6. settle for vt. be satisfied with less 勉强认可
7. supersize ]vt.&n.
1) vt. to make something bigger to extra large 在大小、尺寸上超过/超大
2) n. extra large in size or volume 超大号
8. now that conj. 由于；既然
9. decide on vt. agree on决定，选定
10. whim n. fancy, impulse 一时的兴致
11. fatten … up vt.&vi. to make fat or plump; to become fat 催肥；增肥
12. reveal vt. show, display; expose, make…public 揭示，展示，透露
13. presumably ad. by reasonable assumption或许
14. greedy a. insatiable, selfish, avaricious, grasping贪婪的
15. result in vt. to cause, to bring about 导致
16. facility n.
1) n. services and space and equipment provided for a particular purpose设备
2) n. skillful performance or ability without difficulty 熟练，技巧
17. otherwise ad.&a.
1) ad. if not; or else 否则
2) ad. differently; in another way另外；别样
3) a. in a different way, not as supposed 另外的；不那样的；不同的
18. fascinating a. charming, enchanting; captivating迷人的，有吸引力的
19. rage n.&v.
1) n. anger, fury, 狂怒
2) n. something that is desired intensely 狂热
3) vi. behave violently大怒；肆虐
20. crash vi.&n.
1) v. smash into, collide with force崩溃，撞碎，发出巨响
2) n. a serious accident (usually involving one or more vehicles)（机器）崩溃；猛撞
3) n. a sudden large decline in business跌势；破产；垮台
21. quit v. put an end to a state or an activity 退出，辞职；停止
22. plummet vi. fall, drop, sink suddenly暴跌
Unit Eight
1. light up
1) vi. to begin to smoke点（烟）；开始吸烟
2) vt. & vi. to start to burn with a bright flame 照亮
3) vi. to make lighter or brighter
2. survey n.&vt.
1) n. the act of looking or seeing or observing 查看；民意调查
2) vt. to make a survey of调查；研究
3. pose vt.
1) vt. to raise, to put forth (a question) 提出（问题）
2) vi.&n. (to make) a posture for photographic or artistic purposes (摆)姿势
3) v.&n. (to make) a deliberate pretense or exaggerated display 装腔做势
4. hook vt.&n.
1) n. curved piece of metal or other material by which things are hung钩状物
2) vt. to secure, hang, capture, or ensnare 抓住；钩住
3) vt. to addict使上瘾
4) vt. to catch a fish 钓上鱼
5. decline v.&n.
1) vi. to go down or wane下降；衰退
2) vt.& vi. to refuse to accept婉言拒绝
3) n. a gradual decrease or a downward slope下降；衰退
6. given prep. 考虑到；如果有…
7. emphasize vt. to stress, accentuate the importance of 强调
8. lethal a. 致命的；危害极大的
9. become addicted to 对…入迷/上瘾
10. transit vi.&n.
1) vt. to change 转变；变迁
2) vt. to cause or enable to pass through运送；使通过
3) n. transportation 运输
4) n. a facility necessary for the movement of passengers or goods公共运输系统
5) n. change 变迁；变化
11. according to 根据；按照
12. ask for 要求；请求
13. purchase vt.&n.
1) vt. 购买
2) n. 购买；买到的东西
14. lure vt.&n.
1) vt. to tempt or seduce 引诱；吸引
2) n. something which attracts 诱惑；有诱惑力的东西
15. counteract vt.
1) to work against
2) cancel out, negate 抵消；中和
This drug will counteract the effects of poison.
这种药可以解毒。

16. recommend vt.
1) vt. to push for something劝告；建议；推荐
2) vt. to make attractive or acceptable使受欢迎
Unit Nine
1. poll n.&v.
1) n. an inquiry into public opinion 民意测验
2) n. voting; selecting投票
3) n. voting stations投票所
4) vi. to receive votes; to make a survey 做民意测验；获得...选票
2. issue vt.&n.
1) vt. to send out…from a commanding officer 发出（命令）
2) vt. distribute or equip with 把东西分发给所属者或应得者
3) an important question that is in dispute 有争议的重大问题
4) one of a series published periodically
3. ingenious a. inventive, talented有独创性的
4. tighten vt.
1) vt. to make strict 使严格
2) to make tight使变紧
3) to reduce 减少
5) alter vt.&vi.
1) vt.&vi. to cause to change 使变化；改变
2) to adjust (a garment) for a better fit 修改衣服，使更合身
6. peek [pi:k]vt.&vi. to sneak a glimpse at someone or something窥视
7. irresistible a.
1) a. Impossible to resist无法抑制的
2) a. having an overpowering appeal 有诱惑力的
8. bother vt.
1) vt. to disturb, to give trouble to麻烦
2) vt. to disturb or confuse 使…疑惑；
3) vt.&vi. to take time or make effort to do something 花时间、精力去做…
9. tempt a.
1) vt. to provoke someone to do something 诱惑
2) vt. to provoke or to risk provoking; to test 冒…险；考验
10. critical a.
1) a. marked by a tendency to find errors and flaws对…持批评观点的；苛刻的
2) a. judgmental; important; crucial 极其重要的
3) a. urgently needed; absolutely necessary; essential
11. threshold n.
1) n. doorstep, doorway, entrance 门槛
2) n. the starting point for a new state or experience 开始点；起点
12. approach n.&v.方法；接近
1) vt. to come or go near or nearer to 接近
2) vt. to resemble or to come nearer in quality or character在品质、数量等方面近似
3) vt. to begin to deal with or work on 着手处理；开始应对
4) vi. to come near in time or space 时间或空间上靠近、临近
5) n. ideas or actions intended to deal with a problem or situation 方法
6) n. the act of drawing spatially closer to 接近
7) n. a way of entering or leaving通道
13. dual a. double or two fold 双重的；双的
14. foster vt.
1) vt. to promote the growth of; to bring up, educate, nurture培养
2) vt. to help develop or grow 鼓励；促进
15. unbelievably a. in a manner beyond belief难以置信
16. come up with
1) vt. to bring forth, discover, or produce提出；想出
2) vt. to maintain the same speed with; to remain on the same level 赶上；跟上17. set up 建立
1) vt. to establish; to found建立
2) vt. set up for use; to assemble 建立；组装
18. keep from…: to prevent or restrain 阻止；妨碍
Unit Ten
1. get rid of:
1) vt. to do away with 摆脱
2) vt. dispose of丢弃；处理掉
3) vt. to terminate 杀死
2. claim vt.&n.
1) vt. say that sth. is a fact 声称；宣布
2) vt. demand recognition or have a right to sth. 认领；要求承认身份、所有权
3) n. request, legal demand要求, 要求权, 主张
3. explore v.
1) vt.&vi. travel through … for the purpose of learning about … 探索
2) vt. examine thoroughly 仔细研究
4. attach vt
1) fasten or join 附上；系上；贴上
2) consider to have …; connect with 认为有；使……相关联
5. measure vt.&n.
1) vt.&n. the act or process of assigning numbers to phenomena according to a rule
测量
2) n. method 方法
6. aid
1) vt. help 帮助
2) n. help帮助
3) n. sth. that helps 有助之物
7. target
1) n. sth. to be aimed at 靶子；目标
2) n. sth. that criticism, laughter is directed toward/at…批评或嘲弄的目标，常与(for, of) 连用
3) vt. set … as a target 把…定为要达到的目标
4) vt. aim at 把…对准
8. strand
1) vi.&vt. (of a ship) run aground （使）搁浅
2) vi.&vt. be left in difficulty, helplessness …（使）处于困境，无助
3) n. any threads, hair or wires （线、头发、铁丝等）股，缕
9. soar vi. to rise upward into the air 翻飞；耸立；剧增
10. suspend
1) vt. (passive) remain in the air or place （用被动态）悬浮
2) vt. stop for a time; delay 延缓；暂停
3) vt. announce that sb. cannot perform his duties … for a time暂时剥夺……权利11. bite v.&n.
1) vt. chew 用牙齿咬
2) vt. to cause a sharp or stinging pain or discomfort 噬咬；使…受伤
3) n. a wound resulting from biting 咬
4) n. (speech) to cause an effect of pain or discomfort 言词激烈
12. … take to the wind: 随风飞舞.
take to
1) be seasoned with 适应；对做出反应
2) adopt as a hobby or practice开始从事；形成的习惯；沉溺于
3) use as a means of escape 求助于
4) conceive a liking for 怀有好感；喜爱
13. sponsor
1) vt. patronize; support 赞助
2) vt. to put forward or guarantee a proposal发起；倡议
3) n. person who patronizes or supports … 赞助者
4) n. person who guarantees … 保证人
5) n. person who put forward a proposal 发起人；倡议者
14. participate vi.
1) (in) take part in 参与
2) (in, with) have a share 分享
15. available a.
1) a. obtainable or accessible 可获得的
2) a. not busy; not otherwise committed
3) a. convenient for use or disposal
Unit Ten
16. get rid of:
1) vt. to do away with 摆脱
2) vt. dispose of丢弃；处理掉
3) vt. to terminate 杀死
17. claim vt.&n.
1) vt. say that sth. is a fact 声称；宣布
2) vt. demand recognition or have a right to sth. 认领；要求承认身份、所有权
3) n. request, legal demand要求, 要求权, 主张
18. explore v.
1) vt.&vi. travel through … for the purpose of learning about … 探索
2) vt. examine thoroughly 仔细研究
19. attach
1) fasten or join 附上；系上；贴上
2) consider to have …; connect with 认为有；使……相关联
20. measure vt.&n.
1) vt. the act or process of assigning numbers to phenomena according to a rule测量
2)n. the act or process of assigning numbers to phenomena according to a rule测量
3)n. method 方法
21. aid
1) vt. help 帮助
2) n. help帮助
3) n. sth. that helps 有助之物
22. target
1) n. sth. to be aimed at 靶子；目标
2) n. sth. that criticism, laughter is directed toward/at…批评或嘲弄的目标，常与(for, of) 连用
3) vt. set … as a target 把…定为要达到的目标
4) vt. aim at 把…对准
23. strand
1) vi.&vt. (of a ship) run aground （使）搁浅
2) vi.&vt. be left in difficulty, helplessness …（使）处于困境，无助
3) n. any threads, hair or wires （线、头发、铁丝等）股，缕
24. soar vi. to rise upward into the air 翻飞；耸立；剧增
25. suspend
1) vt. (passive) remain in the air or place （用被动态）悬浮
2) vt. stop for a time; delay 延缓；暂停
3) vt. announce that sb. cannot perform his duties … for a time暂时剥夺……权利
26. bite v.&n.
1) vt. chew 用牙齿咬
2) vt. to cause a sharp or stinging pain or discomfort 噬咬；使…受伤
3) n. a wound resulting from biting 咬
4) n. (speech) to cause an effect of pain or discomfort 言词激烈
27. … take to the wind: 随风飞舞.
take to
1) be seasoned with 适应；对做出反应
2) adopt as a hobby or practice开始从事；形成的习惯；沉溺于
3) use as a means of escape 求助于
4) conceive a liking for 怀有好感；喜爱
28. sponsor
1) vt. patronize; support 赞助
2) vt. to put forward or guarantee a proposal发起；倡议
3) n. person who patronizes or supports … 赞助者
4) n. person who guarantees … 保证人
5) n. person who put forward a proposal 发起人；倡议者
29. participate vi.
1) (in) take part in 参与
2) (in, with) have a share 分享
30. available a.
1) a. obtainable or accessible 可获得的
2) a. not busy; not otherwise committed
3) a. convenient for use or disposal
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