基于单片机的智能路灯控制系统 外文文献
基于单片机的路灯遥控装置的设计外文翻译汇编
浙江师范大学本科毕业设计(论文)外文翻译译文：基于AT89C2051的多路舵机控制器设计作者：吴华波钱春来摘要舵机是机器人、机电系统和航模的重要执行机构。
舵机控制器为舵机提供必要的能源和控制信号。
本文提出一种以外部中断计数为基础的 PWM 波形实现方法。
该方法具有简单方便，成本低，可实现多路独立 PWM 输出的优点。
关键词： AT89C2051；舵机；控制器；外部中断；PWM引言：舵机是一种位置伺服的驱动器。
它接收一定的控制信号，输出一定的角度，适用于那些需要角度不断变化并可以保持的控制系统。
在微机电系统和航模中，它是一个基本的输出执行机构。
1 舵机的工作原理以日本 FUTABA S3003型舵机为例，图1是 FUTABA-S3003 型舵机的内部电路。
舵机的工作原理是:PWM 信号由接收通道进入信号解调电路BA6688L 的12 脚进行解调，获得一个直流偏置电压。
该直流偏置电压与电位器的电压比较，获得电压差由BA6688 的 3 脚输出。
该输出送入电机驱动集成电路BAL6686，以驱动电机正反转。
当电机转速一定时，通过级联减速齿轮带动电位器 Rw1旋转，直到电压差为0，电机停止转动。
舵机的控制信号是PWM 信号，利用占空比的变化改变舵机的位置。
2 舵机的控制方法标准的舵机有 3 条导线，分别是:电源线、地线、控制线，如图 2 所示。
电源线和地线用于提供舵机内部的直流电机和控制线路所需的能源，电压通常介于 4～6 V ，一般取5 V。
注意，给舵机供电的电源应能提供足够的功率。
控制线的输入是一个宽度可调的周期性方波脉冲信号，方波脉冲信号的周期为 20 ms（即频率为50 Hz）。
当方波的脉冲宽度改变时，舵机转轴的角度发生改变，角度变化与脉冲宽度的变化成正比。
某型舵机的输出轴转角与输入信号的脉冲宽度之间的关系可用图3来表示。
3 舵机控制器的设计（1）舵机控制器硬件电路设计从上述舵机转角的控制方法可看出，舵机的控制信号实质是一个可调宽度的方波信号（PWM）。
电气专业外文文献翻译---智能照明控制系统
电气专业外文文献翻译---智能照明控制系统XXX control system is to conserve energy。
This system utilizes us pre-set control modes and components to accurately set up and manage XXX of n。
the system takes advantage of natural outdoor light and only uses the required XXX XXX 30%.Keywords: XXX control system。
bus-type star-shaped structure1.Advantages of the XXX1.1 XXX SavingXXX XXX-saving XXX utilizing pre-set control modes and components。
it can effectively manage the level of n required at different times。
This system takes full advantage of natural outdoor light and only uses artificial light when necessary。
As a result。
it uses the least amount of energy possible to achieve the required level of XXX-saving benefits。
XXX 30%.Note: No paragraph was XXX with the original text.)XXX control system is to conserve energy。
This system incorporates us pre-set control modes and components to accurately set up and manage energy-saving measures for different levels of XXX。
Intelligent-lighting-control-system智能照明控制系统大学毕业论文外文文献翻译及原文
毕业设计（论文）外文文献翻译文献、资料中文题目：智能照明控制系统文献、资料英文题目：Intelligent lighting control system 文献、资料来源：文献、资料发表（出版）日期：院（部）：专业：自动化班级：姓名：学号：指导教师：翻译日期： 2017.02.14本科毕业设计（外文翻译）题目基于PWM的智能多功能台灯设计Intelligent lighting control systemAbstract:Intelligent lighting control system the main aim is to save energy, smart lighting control system with a variety of "pre-set" control mode and control components, at different times on different degrees of illumination for accurate set-up and rational management of energy-saving. This automatic adjustment of the illumination means, take full advantage of the natural outdoor light, only when necessary when the lamp or light to the required brightness, use the least energy toensure that the required illumination level, energy-saving effect is very clear, usually ranging from more than 30%.Keywords: Intelligent lighting control system bus-type star-shaped structure1 The advantages of the use of the intelligent lighting control system1.1 Good energy saving effectIntelligent lighting control system using the main purpose is to save energy, smart lighting control system with a variety of "pre-set" control mode and control components, at different times on different degrees of illumination for accurate set-up and rational management of energy-saving. This automatic adjustment of the illumination means, take full advantage of the natural outdoor light, only when necessary when the lamp or light to the required brightness, use the least energy to ensure that the required illumination level, energy-saving effect is very clear, usually ranging from more than 30%. In addition, the intelligent lighting control system for fluorescent lamp dimming control, etc., due to the use of a fluorescent active tunable filter electronic ballast technology and reduce the harmonic content, to improve the power factor and reduce the low-voltage reactive power loss.1.2 To extend the life span of light sourceLight source can not only extend the life savings, but also significantly reduce the workload of lamp replacement, reducing the operating costs of lighting systems, management and maintenance becomes simple. Both the thermal radiation source, or gas discharge light source, voltage fluctuations are a major cause of light damage. Therefore, the effective suppression of the fluctuations in voltage can extend the life of light sources. Intelligent lighting control system can successfully suppress the surge voltage power grid, but also have a voltage limit and the conjugate stream functions of filtering, to avoid over-voltage and under-voltage damage to the light. The use of soft-start and soft turn-off technology, to avoid the impact of currentdamage to the light. Through this method, the light source to extend the life span of usually 2 to 4 times.1.3 To improve the working environment improve efficiencyGood working environment is to improve the efficiency of a necessary condition. Good design and reasonable choice of light source, lamps and lighting quality control systems, can improve the quality of lighting. Intelligent lighting control system dimming control panel module to replace the traditional lighting of the level switch control is an effective way to control the overall room illumination value, thereby enhancing the uniformity of illumination. At the same time, this control method used in electrical components have also solved the stroboscopic effect, will not create uncomfortable, confused, feeling eyestrain.1.4 To achieve a variety of lighting effectsA wide range of lighting control, the same building can have a variety of artistic effect, for a lot of construction hyperchromic. Modern buildings, lighting is not simply to meet people on the visual effect of light and shade, they should have control of a variety of programs to make buildings more vivid, more artistic, giving a wealth of visual effects and aesthetics. As an example of a project, building the exhibition hall, lecture hall, lobby, atrium, etc., if with intelligent lighting control system, according to different times, different uses, different effects, using the corresponding pre-set scene control, can achieve the wealth of artistic effect.1.5 Facilitate the management of maintenanceIntelligent lighting control system for the control of lighting based on the automatic control of modular-based, supplemented by manual control, preset lighting scenes to the parameters stored in the EPROM Digital, these information is very convenient to set up and replaced, so that building lighting management and maintenance easier.1.6 Have a high economic rate of returnOur reference point for the Shanghai region, from energy-saving lights and provincial estimates of the two made a come to this conclusion: with three to five years, the owner can recover the basic intelligent lighting control system to increase the total costs. Intelligent lighting control system can improve the environment and improve employee productivity and reduce maintenance and management costs, but also for the owners to save a substantial amount of costs.2 Intelligent lighting control system componentsWe know that the intelligent lighting control system of building control system is onlyone part of the. If you want to focus on the various control systems to the control center to control, then the control system must have the standard communication interface and protocol version. Although such a system integration is feasible in theory, but it is very difficult to put into practice. Thus, in engineering, intelligent management of our building a distributed system, distributed, that is relatively independent of each control subsystem, self-contained, the implementation of specific control, intelligent building management system control subsystem of the relative independence, self-contained, the implementation of specific control, intelligent building management system from the control subsystem is a signal collection and monitoring role. At present, the intelligent lighting control system in accordance with sub-network topology, the following two forms, namely, bus and star-shaped structure-based hybrid. Both forms have the characteristics of a number of bus more flexibility, easy expansion, control of relative independence, lower costs; mixed some high reliability, fault diagnosis and rule out the simple, easy access to the agreement, transfer rate higher. Engineering design, we consider the building of intelligent lighting control system as an independent subsystem, use of international standards and agreements of the communication interface text, into the intelligent building management systems. Intelligent lighting control system uses a distributed, distribution-based approach,that is, the dimming control unit is relativelyindependent, self-contained,non-interfering, through centralized management and information interfaces, and intelligent building management system linked to the achievement of the building control center subsystem of the collection and monitoring of the signal. In short, the intelligent lighting control should be the main system is a centralized management, and the main trunk and information interface components consisting of the regional implementation of the same sample of control and signal networks; its subsystems should be a dimmer by the various types of modules , control panels, illumination detector dynamic and static and dynamic components consisting of detectors, respectively, of the regional implementation of the specific control of different networks, the main system and subsystems, such as between the components through the interface to connect, to achieve data transmission.3 Intelligent lighting control system and control of the control of the contentA project to control the use of intelligent lighting control system include the following categories: technology office hall, computer center and other important room, lecture hall, such as multi-function hall, exhibition hall, conference center, lobby and courtyard, walkways and elevators, such as the Office of Public site; building facade lighting ingeneral and also by the intelligent lighting control systems to control switch signal. Control the content of the term of the Interpretation: 1 clock control Clock management, etc. through the electrical components, to achieve the normal work of regions for the state of lighting in different time control. 2 the automatic adjustment control illumination Through each module and illumination dimming dynamic electrical components such as detectors, to achieve under normal conditions in the regions for the normal work of the state of the automatic lighting dimming control, making the region, such as illumination will not be outside with the sunshine factors change, and always maintain the default value in the illumination around. 3 control of the regional scene Through each dimmer module and the controlpanel and other electrical components, to achieve under normal conditions in the regions for the normal work of the state of the scene lighting control switch. 4 static and dynamic detection of control Through each dimming modules and electrical components, such as movement detectors, to achieve under normal conditions in the regions for the normal work of the state of the automatic lighting control switch. 5 Reduction state of emergency control Through each of the normal lighting control module, such as dimming of the electrical components, to achieve a state of emergency for the normal work of the various districts in the state of lighting and to give up the number of relief, such as dimming control. 6 Manual remote control Through the infra-red remote control, to achieve under normal conditions in the regions for the normal work of the state of lighting control and manual control of the regional scene. 7 Emergency lighting control Here mainly refers to the control of intelligent lighting control system to the special region by the implementation of the emergency lighting control, including the following two controls: 1 under normal illumination and the automatic adjustment control of the regional scene with the regulation of the normal work of lighting the same manner as the control. 2 a state of emergency automatic discharge dimming control, through each of the emergency lighting dimming control module, such as electrical components, to achieve a state of emergency for the regions under a state of emergency lighting dimmers, such as giving up control, so that the accident in the state of emergency lighting to reach 100%. These are the characteristics of intelligent lighting control systems analysis and office buildings in a specific application in a number of experiences, hoping to play the role of forward, so that the field of technology in the lighting to fully play its role.智能照明控制系统摘要:智能照明控制系统的主要目的是利用“预先设定的“控制方式和控制元件对照明系统进行优化管理,智能照明控制系统在不同时期,不同程度上的照明进行精确设置和合理的节能管理。
基于单片机的太阳能路灯智能控制系统设计
控制器
经济。能源的过度开发利用造成了环境的严重破坏，
蓄电池
更加制约着经济的发展，经济、能源和环境构成了恶 性循环，主要表现在能源极度匮乏、环境严重污染、温 室效应持续这几个方面。
随着科技的日新月异，世界能源紧张的问题日益 突出，利用普通能源资源的发展模式已被日益淘汰， 开拓新能源尤其是清洁高效的太阳能越来越受各国 政府瞩目。同时，传统能源资源带来了严重的生态危 机，加之人民生活水平日益提高对能源需求量急剧增 加，实现人与自然协调发展，大力发展太阳能在世界 各国备受瞩目，世界太阳能产业如火如荼。目前太阳 能相关产业发展势头不可阻挡，技术更加成熟，投入 成本不断下降，生产效率大大提高。 2 系统设计原理 2.1 影响因素分析
随着经济的大发展大繁荣，我国的路灯需求骤 增，每年约 20%，数以千万计的路灯节能问题已成为 相关部门关注的焦点。国家明确提出城市道路照明要 走“绿色发展”的健康模式。太阳能路灯凭借绿色环保 等优良基因自然而然成为路灯照明产业王国的明珠。 国内太阳能路灯在中东部地区比较大规模的投入使 用。在西部，太阳能系列的路灯、庭院灯逐渐铺展开 来，太阳能资源丰富的青海大力发展太阳能路灯，太 阳能路灯得到普遍应用。
一是根据太阳能路灯使用区域常年的气象资源， 由此确定当地太阳能峰值时长以及系统各个组成部 件的方位角大小、倾斜度多少。二是计算系统负载的 功率，整个系统参数受其功率大小影响最为严重。三 是系统每天晚上需要的供电时间，顺利掌握路灯工作 时间长度，能够大致测算出负载功率损耗和整个系统 的充电电流。四是太阳能路灯正常工作于持续阴雨天 的天数，其直接影响蓄电池容量。五是准确测定两个 相邻阴雨天的时间间隔，其影响系统在阴雨天过后恢 复蓄电池电量所要求的太阳能电池功率。 2.2 系统组成介绍
基于单片机的照明控制系统的中英文文献
The Control System for Lighting Based onSingle–chip MicrocomputerWith the rapid development of electronic technology,the system of control based on Single-chip Microcomputer is widely applied in industry, agriculture, electric power, electron, intelligent building and so on. Microcomputer,as the subject and core of the embedded system of control, replaces the traditional system—electronic circuit. At the same time, the development and maturation of the intelligent building have established the substantial foundation for the popularization and application of the control system for lighting based on single-chip microcomputer.The paper expatiates on the designing theories and implementation method of the control system for lighting by wired or wireless communications.Taking the designing process as mainline,it describes the process of designing from two respects—hardware and software. In another word, the paper describes the process from the method of circuit designing to the software technology of realizing the demanded functions. The host controller of the control system for lighting is based on AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer,and the auxiliary ones are based on AT89C2051. The system can do many jobs, such as wired communication,wireless data transmitting, controlling and display. The paper describes the designing process of the circuit at length, including: keyboard and LED display circuit,RS485 communication circuit, wireless transmitting circuit, control circuit of lighting, watchdog circuit,etc.The designing of software mainly includes the several programming,such as wired communication,wireless data transmitting, lamplight controlling, timed controlling, keyboard scanning and LED displaying. The wired communication programming function is that through Master-slave communication method based on RS485 the host controller sends orders to the all auxiliary controllers or each one, including: turning on lighting, turning off lighting, regulating brightness of lighting, controlling timed lighting, etc.The wireless data transmitting programming function is that by wireless transmitter it realizes wireless controlling of the lighting,and achieves the functions identical to wired communication.Traditional building automatic controlling system only includes such subsystems:comprehensive wires, computer network, safe defending,fire defending and closed-circuits TV monitoring systems and so on. But in the recent years, with the economic development and the progress of the science and technology,people haveput forward more higher demands for energy-conservation of lighting lamps and scientific management,which makes the lighting control system of the classroom have such functions as energy-conservation,convenience,intelligence, etc. What’s more, it can improve the efficiency of the work and study, result in many kinds of lighting effects, and improve the management level.There are the design philosophy of this system,operation principle of every chip, and such relevant problems as the choice, making and debugging of the components and unit circuits about lighting control system of classroom,which regards the micro-control unit as the control core of the system. This control system is suitable for such occasions as various kinds of multimedia classrooms, station waiting rooms, offices, etc. It is mainly composed of lightening control unit, moving sensor unit, illuminative sensor unit, handed-control unit, and so on. The target of the design is intelligent lightening, scientific management,and energy-conservation and cost- conservation. The AT89C2051with the feature of cheap cost has been used as the control unit in the whole design.The whole system not only has been introduced in the paper, but also has been successfully finished with series of the Dais micro-control unit. The experiment suggests that this design can easily come true if the users do as the thesis. So it can be used as the intelligent lighting control system of the university campus.What’s more, it will affect better if combining with other intelligent control systems.LED SummaryLED (Light Emitting Diode), light-emitting diode, is a solid state semiconductor devices, which can be directly converted into electricity to light. LED is the heart of a semiconductor chip, the chip is attached to one end of a stent, is the negative side, the other end of the power of the cathode,the entire chip package to be epoxy resin. Semiconductor chip is composed of two parts, part of the P-type semiconductor,it inside the hole-dominated, the other side is the N-type semiconductor, here is mainly electronic. But linking the two semiconductors,among them the formation of a "PN junction." When the current through the wires role in this chip, will be pushing e-P, P zone in the hole with electronic composite,and then to be issued in the form of photon energy,and this is the principle of LED luminescence.The wavelength of light that is the color of light,is formed by the PN junction of the decisions of the material.LED history50 years ago, people have to understand semiconductor materials can produce light of the basic knowledge, the first commercial diodes in 1960. English is the LED light emitting diode (LED) acronym,and its basic structure is an electroluminescent semiconductor materials, placed in a wire rack, then sealed with epoxy resin around, that is, solid package,Therefore, the protection of the internal batteries can play the role of line, so the seismic performance LED good.LED is the core of the P-type semiconductor and components of the N-type semiconductor chips, the P-type semiconductor and N-type semiconductor between a transition layer, called the PN junction. In some semiconductor materials in the PN junction, the injection of a small number of carrier-carrier and the majority of the extra time will be in the form of light energy to release, thus the power to direct conversion of solar energy. PN junction on reverse voltage, a few hard-carrier injection, it is not luminous.This use of injection electroluminescent diodes is produced by the principle of light-emitting diodes, commonly known as LED. When it in a positive state of the work (that is, at both ends with forward voltage), the current flows from the LED anode, cathode,semiconductor crystals on the issue from the ultraviolet to infrared light of different colors,light and the strength of the currents.Instruments used for the first LED light source instructions, but all kinds of light colored LED lights in traffic and large screen has been widely applied, have a very good economic and social benefits. The 12-inch red traffic lights as an example,is used in the United States have long life, low-efficiency 140 watt incandescent lamp as a light source, it produced 2,000 lumens of white light.The red filter, the loss-90 percent, only 200 lumens of red light. In the light of the new design, Lumileds companies have 18 red LED light source, including the loss of circuit, a total power consumption of 14 watts to generate the same optical effect.Automotive LED lights is also the source of important areas.For general lighting, people need more white light sources. The 1998 white LED successful development.This is the GaN LED chip and Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (YAG) package together cause. GaN chip of the Blu-ray(λ p = 465nm, Wd = 30nm), made of high-temperature sintering of the Ce3 + YAG phosphors excited by this Blu-ray after irradiating a yellow, the peak 550 nm. Blue-chip installed in the LED-based Wanxing reflection in the cavity, covered with a resin mixed with YAG thin layer, about 200-500 nm. LED-based tablets issued by the Blu-ray absorption part of thephosphor, the phosphor another part of the Blu-ray and a yellow light mixed, can be a white. Now, the InGaN / YAG white LED, YAG phosphor by changing the chemical composition of the phosphor layer and adjust the thickness of the 3500-10000 K color temperature can be colored white. This blue LED through the method by white, constructed simple,low-cost,high technology is mature,so use the most.In the 1960s, the use of science and technology workers semiconductor PN junction of The principle of developing a LED light-emitting diodes. At that time, the development of LED, the materials used are GaASP, its luminous color is red. After nearly 30 years of development, and now we are very familiar with the LED, has been sent to red, orange, yellow, green, blue, and other shade. However lighting necessary for white LED light only in recent years to develop,readers here to tell us about lighting with white LED.基于单片机的照明控制系统随着电子技术的飞速发展，基于单片机的控制系统已广泛应用于工业、农业、电力、电子、智能楼宇等行业，微型计算机作为嵌入式控制系统的主体与核心，代替了传统的控制系统的常规电子线路。
基于单片机的路灯控制系统设计--毕业论文
基于单片机的路灯控制系统设计--毕业论文基于单片机的路灯控制系统设计--毕业论文xx学院毕业设计xx学院毕业设计题目基于单片机的路灯控制系统设计学院工学院专业电气工程及其自动化班级学生xx 学号xx 指导教师xx xx 二〇一七年五月十六日- 2 - xx学院毕业设计摘要随着科学技术的日益发展，在日常生活中人们对于路灯控制系统的要求越来越高。
针对人们的需求功耗大，功能单一的系统已不再满足人们的需求。
本设计针对上述问题提出了一种新型的路灯系统，可以解决人们的需求。
本设计主要包括硬件系统设计和软件系统设计。
其系统硬件是由AT89S52单片机，时钟芯片DS1302，驻极体话筒，LCD1602和光敏电阻等为核心的的路灯低功耗智能控制装置构成。
软件部分是以Keil、Proteus等软件为载体，使用C语言对程序进行编写。
单片机根据光敏电阻和人体红外感应模块对路边状况的检测和时钟芯片DS1302设置时间来控制电压比较器实现LED路灯亮度的自动调节，通过LCD显示时间和光感度，通过光敏电阻实现故障检测，当路灯出现故障时，蜂鸣器会自动进行报警。
通过仿真及实物制作、调试，验证了本设计内容的可行性，为进一步研发推广提供了一定的数据参考。
关键词：单片机；传感器；路灯控制ABSTRACT With the development of the technology, the application of streetlight control system is playing an increasingly important role in our daily life.Demand for people s needs, a single function of the system is no longer meet people s needs. The design of the above mentioned a new type of street lamp system, can solve people s needs. The design includes hardware system design and software system design.The hardware system includes the single chip of AT89S52, the clock chip 1302, Analog-to-Digital Converter and photosensitive resistor .The software system is based on Keil, Proteus and other software as the carrier, the use of C language to write the program.Single-chip according to the photosensitive resistor and infrared pyroelectric sensor on the roadside detection and clock chip DS1302 set the time to control the A / D conversion chip to achieve automatic adjustment of LED street light brightness. Through the LCD display time and light sensitivity, through the photosensitive resistor to achieve fault detection, when the street lights break down, the buzzer willautomatically alarm. Through the simulation and production, debugging, verify the feasibility of the design content, to further research and development to provide a certain data reference. Key words：MCU; transducer; Street light control 目录摘要I ABSTRACTII 1 前言1 1.1 研究背景与意义1 1.2 国内外研究现状1 1.3 本设计研究的主要内容2 2 系统总体设计方案3 2.1 硬件部分设计方案3 2.2 软件部分设计方案4 3 硬件部分设计5 3.1 单片机最小系统5 3.2 光线检测电路6 3.2.1 双电压比较器6 3.2.2 光敏电阻6 3.3 报警电路7 3.4 人体红外感应模块电路8 3.5 声音检测电路8 3.6 时钟电路9 4 软件部分设计10 4.1 软件介绍10 4.1.1 Proteus软件10 4.1.2 keil软件10 4.2 主程序设计12 4.3 子程序设计13 4.3.1 人体检测子程序13 4.3.2 时钟子程序13 4.3.3 报警子程序14 4.3.4 光线检测子程序15 4.3.5 中断子程序16 5 系统仿真与调试17 5.1 系统电路仿真17 5.2 PCB设计17 5.2.1 PCB介绍17 5.2.2 PCB设计实现18 5.3 电路板制作19 5.3.1 印制板和元器件检查及安装19 5.3.2 电路板的焊接及检查19 5.4 系统调试20 6 结论25 参考文献26 致谢27 附录1 原理图28 附录2 PCB图29 附录3 实物图30 附录4 元器件清单31 附录5 部分程序32 - 27 - 1 前言 1.1 研究背景与意义现如今中国的能源需求越来越多，但能源数量却很少，供不应求，特别是中国人口基数比较大，在此情况下节约能源是国家应该关注的内容，因此解决全国路灯的节能问题变得很重要。
基于单片机的太阳能路灯控制系统设计
编号: 湖北文理学院理工学院本科毕业论文（设计）题目系专业学号学生姓名指导教师起讫日期分类号学校代码密级学号湖北文理学院理工学院毕业（设计）论文基于单片机的太阳能路灯控制系统设计The Design of Solar street lamp Control system Based on MCU姓名张超勇指导教师陈传亮专业电子信息科学与技术院系电子科学与信息工程系论文提交日期湖北文理学院理工学院学位论文原创性声明本人郑重声明：所呈交的论文是本人在导师的指导下独立进行研究所取得的研究成果。
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对本文的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中以明确方式标明。
本人完全意识到本声明的法律后果由本人承担。
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保密□，在年解密后适用本授权书。
本学位论文属于不保密□。
（请在以上相应方框内打“√”）作者签名：日期：年月日导师签名：日期：年月日摘要随着可持续发展的不断深入，人们在积极开发各类可再生新能源的同时也在倡导节能减排的绿色环保技术。
太阳能作为一种清洁的优秀的可再生能源，已成为最有价值的新能源。
而在照明领域，寿命长、节能、安全、绿色环保、色彩丰富、微型化的LED固态照明也已被公认为一种节能环保的重要途径。
本文研究的路灯同时整合了这两者的优势，利用清洁能源以及高效率的LED实现绿色照明。
太阳能LED路灯是一种结合太阳能光伏发电技术与LED技术的新型路灯。
系统通过蓄电池将太阳电池组件产生的电能储存起来供负载在夜晚照明使用。
外文翻译--基于单片机的照明控制系统-精品
The Control System for Lighting Based onSingle–chip MicrocomputerWith the rapid development of electronic technology, the system of control based on Single-chip Microcomputer is widely applied in industry, agriculture, electric power, electron, intelligent building and so on. Microcomputer, as the subject and core of the embedded system of control, replaces the traditional system—electronic circuit. At the same time, the development and maturation of the intelligent building have established the substantial foundation for the popularization and application of the control system for lighting based on single-chip microcomputer.The paper expatiates on the designing theories and implementation method of the control system for lighting by wired or wireless communications. Taking the designing process as mainline, it describes the process of designing from two respects—hardware and software. In another word, the paper describes the process from the method of circuit designing to the software technology of realizing the demanded functions. The host controller of the control system for lighting is based on AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer, and the auxiliary ones are based on AT89C2051. The system can do many jobs, such as wired communication, wireless data transmitting, controlling and display. The paper describes the designing process of the circuit at length, including: keyboard and LED display circuit, RS485 communication circuit, wireless transmitting circuit, control circuit of lighting, watchdog circuit, etc. The designing of software mainly includes the several programming, such as wired communication, wireless data transmitting, lamplight controlling, timed controlling, keyboard scanning and LED displaying. The wired communication programming function is that through Master-slave communication method based on RS485 the host controller sends orders to the all auxiliary controllers or each one, including: turning on lighting, turning off lighting, regulating brightness of lighting, controlling timed lighting, etc. The wireless data transmitting programming function is that by wireless transmitter it realizes wireless controlling of the lighting, and achieves the functions identical to wired communication.Traditional building automatic controlling system only includes such subsystems: comprehensive wires, computer network, safe defending, fire defending and closed-circuits TV monitoring systems and so on. But in the recent years, with the economic development and the progress of the science and technology, people haveput forward more higher demands for energy-conservation of lighting lamps and scientific management, which makes the lighting control system of the classroom have such functions as energy-conservation, convenience, intelligence, etc. What’s more, it can improve the efficiency of the work and study, result in many kinds of lighting effects, and improve the management level.There are the design philosophy of this system, operation principle of every chip, and such relevant problems as the choice, making and debugging of the components and unit circuits about lighting control system of classroom, which regards the micro-control unit as the control core of the system. This control system is suitable for such occasions as various kinds of multimedia classrooms, station waiting rooms, offices, etc. It is mainly composed of lightening control unit, moving sensor unit, illuminative sensor unit, handed-control unit, and so on. The target of the design is intelligent lightening, scientific management, and energy-conservation and cost- conservation. The AT89C2051 with the feature of cheap cost has been used as the control unit in the whole design.The whole system not only has been introduced in the paper, but also has been successfully finished with series of the Dais micro-control unit. The experiment suggests that this design can easily come true if the users do as the thesis. So it can be used as the intelligent lighting control system of the university campus. What’s more, it will affect better if combining with other intelligent control systems.LED SummaryLED (Light Emitting Diode), light-emitting diode, is a solid state semiconductor devices, which can be directly converted into electricity to light. LED is the heart of a semiconductor chip, the chip is attached to one end of a stent, is the negative side, the other end of the power of the cathode, the entire chip package to be epoxy resin. Semiconductor chip is composed of two parts, part of the P-type semiconductor, it inside the hole-dominated, the other side is the N-type semiconductor, here is mainly electronic. But linking the two semiconductors, among them the formation of a "PN junction." When the current through the wires role in this chip, will be pushing e-P, P zone in the hole with electronic composite, and then to be issued in the form of photon energy, and this is the principle of LED luminescence. The wavelength of light that is the color of light, is formed by the PN junction of the decisions of the material.LED history50 years ago, people have to understand semiconductor materials can producelight of the basic knowledge, the first commercial diodes in 1960. English is the LED light emitting diode (LED) acronym, and its basic structure is an electroluminescent semiconductor materials, placed in a wire rack, then sealed with epoxy resin around, that is, solid package, Therefore, the protection of the internal batteries can play the role of line, so the seismic performance LED good.LED is the core of the P-type semiconductor and components of the N-type semiconductor chips, the P-type semiconductor and N-type semiconductor between a transition layer, called the PN junction. In some semiconductor materials in the PN junction, the injection of a small number of carrier-carrier and the majority of the extra time will be in the form of light energy to release, thus the power to direct conversion of solar energy. PN junction on reverse voltage, a few hard-carrier injection, it is not luminous. This use of injection electroluminescent diodes is produced by the principle of light-emitting diodes, commonly known as LED. When it in a positive state of the work (that is, at both ends with forward voltage), the current flows from the LED anode, cathode, semiconductor crystals on the issue from the ultraviolet to infrared light of different colors, light and the strength of the currents.Instruments used for the first LED light source instructions, but all kinds of light colored LED lights in traffic and large screen has been widely applied, have a very good economic and social benefits. The 12-inch red traffic lights as an example, is used in the United States have long life, low-efficiency 140 watt incandescent lamp as a light source, it produced 2,000 lumens of white light. The red filter, the loss-90 percent, only 200 lumens of red light. In the light of the new design, Lumileds companies have 18 red LED light source, including the loss of circuit, a total power consumption of 14 watts to generate the same optical effect. Automotive LED lights is also the source of important areas.For general lighting, people need more white light sources. The 1998 white LED successful development. This is the GaN LED chip and Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (YAG) package together cause. GaN chip of the Blu-ray (λ p = 465nm, Wd = 30nm), made of high-temperature sintering of the Ce3 + YAG phosphors excited by this Blu-ray after irradiating a yellow, the peak 550 nm. Blue-chip installed in the LED-based Wanxing reflection in the cavity, covered with a resin mixed with YAG thin layer, about 200-500 nm. LED-based tablets issued by the Blu-ray absorption part of the phosphor, the phosphor another part of the Blu-ray and a yellow light mixed,can be a white. Now, the InGaN / YAG white LED, YAG phosphor by changing the chemical composition of the phosphor layer and adjust the thickness of the 3500-10000 K color temperature can be colored white. This blue LED through the method by white, constructed simple, low-cost, high technology is mature, so use the most.In the 1960s, the use of science and technology workers semiconductor PN junction of The principle of developing a LED light-emitting diodes. At that time, the development of LED, the materials used are GaASP, its luminous color is red. After nearly 30 years of development, and now we are very familiar with the LED, has been sent to red, orange, yellow, green, blue, and other shade. However lighting necessary for white LED light only in recent years to develop, readers here to tell us about lighting with white LED.基于单片机的照明控制系统随着电子技术的飞速发展，基于单片机的控制系统已广泛应用于工业、农业、电力、电子、智能楼宇等行业，微型计算机作为嵌入式控制系统的主体与核心，代替了传统的控制系统的常规电子线路。
智能照明控制系统外文文献翻译最新
外文文献翻译：原文+译文文献出处：Forcada N. The research of Intelligent lighting control system[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2016, 55: 62-77.原文The research of intelligent lighting control systemForcada NAbstractThe growing shortage of energy and the continuous improvement of the living standards of people, people for indoor lighting system for energy saving, comfort, pursue also more and more intense, the traditional lighting system is hard to meet people's needs. People want new indoor lighting control system installation designed to be simple and beautiful, and can according to the variation of indoor scene, automatically set the corresponding lighting mode. When indoor personnel quantity increasing, for instance, or indoor light dimmed, system automatically enhance indoor illumination brightness; When the researchers focused on the interior of a certain position, the brightness of the lighting system to automatically increase the corresponding position, and at the same time reduce the away from the target location of the brightness of the light; When people are watching TV, the system automatically shut off the corresponding lighting lamps and lanterns or weaken the corresponding the brightness of the lighting, etc.People expected indoor lighting system will automatically according to the change of the indoor scene, automatically switch to get the corresponding lighting model. In this way, not only can satisfy the requirement of people for the comfort of indoor lighting, also can achieve the goal of energy saving lighting.Keywords: intelligent lighting; Control system; photoelectric detection1 IntroductionNew design of indoor lighting control system it should be possible under the condition of the minimum power consumption, meet the needs of people living and working for. And existing traditional household indoor lighting control system, weadopt manual closing or disconnect switches for simple control, the controller of the dispersed, will not be able to realize the centralized control, in addition, now the traditional household lighting control system, for using single mode is also very light, system can't according to different indoor intensity of illumination and the flexibility to make corresponding adjustment, and also can't make different according to different requirements of lighting model of flexible adjustment accordingly. Single way of lighting, already caused the waste of resources, and can not meet the changes on the intensity of illumination automatically adjust the indoor environment, so as to keep the ideal intensity of illumination demand. It is because of these reasons, traditional way of indoor lighting control, now has lagged far behind the modern intelligent household demand for lighting control. In general, the condition of the traditional indoor lighting control system is simple. For traditional lighting control system, it adopts single control on line system more or the double control circuit control mode. In a single control circuit of the system, the control switch will pick up directly in the load circuit, it also can be to implement a simple function of on or off; For the double control circuit of the control system, it can be used two single-pole double switch to implement the system of dual control, but because of the connection between the switch lighting cable, therefore, when multicast integrated control, with the increase in the number of laying cable connection between switch, line installation also become very complex, the difficulty of construction projects. Rapid development of modern computer technology and wireless communication technology, to upgrade the traditional household lighting control system, the technical advantage of assurance. By studying intelligent household lighting control system, we can successfully solve the traditional lighting elaborate trivial, controller decentralized to centralized control, the indoor illumination cannot achieve flexible adjustment, severe waste of resources, many of the existing problems, and so on. Traditional lighting control system, adopt the way of manual switch more so, relatively backward management way, must gradually open or close them one by one, and the system control mode of single: only two control state and off rotation.And intelligent lighting control technology, it is with the development ofcomputer technology, and wireless communication technology, modern sensor technology, the development of network technology and automatic control technology and developed a kind of comprehensive application of modern technology. Intelligent lighting control technology application has a long history, it can be traced back to the 90 s of the 20th century, at the time of intelligent lighting control systems are mostly based on Field bus (Field bus) technology, the use of this technology, the control system can make the lighting control extends to the end of the equipment. Today’s intelligent lighting control system is to use a couple more twisted pair as a communication medium, namely cable intelligent lighting control system. In cable intelligent lighting control system, control network composed of twisted-pair cable connect all system control unit, a control signal from the system control unit, via the twisted-pair network spread in the whole control system, system of each control unit from control signal from the twisted pair, according to the communication protocol of the control system, in accordance with the provisions of the command action, the network intelligent control field. This kind of cable intelligent network control system has strong anti-interference ability, good communication effect, and high system stability.2 The kinds of lighting control system2.1 Dynallte intelligent lighting control systemThe control system mainly by the switch module, dimmer module, liquid crystal display touch screen control panel, intelligent sensors, clock manager, programming day, hand-held programmer and PC monitoring machine parts. This Dynallte control system USES the DyNet network connection, DyNet network is a distributed intelligent network, and it USES the RS - 485 communication protocols. The main working principle of this control system is: control module is controlled by the characteristics of the processor, all control components in the system interconnection on the DyNet network, and each device on the network within the remaining ^ ^: all are separate entities required for the operation of instruction. Users can use the control panel, through the button to select a preset scenes, is one of the most simple control method.96 each dimmer can preset scenario. In addition, the use of clock control isalso a common way of lighting control. Another common device is a common sensor, it consists of noise detection infrared tracking, photometric detection of photocell and receiver for remote control.2.2 C Bus intelligent lighting control systemThe Bus system is made up of Australia, C a electrical company develops in 1994, the C a Bus control system have been widely used in many countries and regions.C a Bus system is a two wire Bus type of intelligent control system, it is mainly used for the control of lighting system. In addition, can also be used to fire the linkage control system, etching the C a Bus system, the system all the cells device (except the power) are built into the processor and memory cell, all unit device consists of a pair of signal lines (twisted pair) connected to the network. Control system of each unit is set only unit address set its function, and software system through the output unit to control the load of each circuit. General principles of the group address and the output and input cell components set up corresponding contact. When system has input, input unit into a C a Bus signal, and then will be broadcast on the C a Bus system Bus, at this point, all the output of the unit in the control system receives the signal and make a judgment, control the corresponding output circuit’s a Bus system control mode generally includes the scene control, infrared sensor control, timing control, centralized switch control, local control and group control, centralized dimming Integrated control, wide-area control and system control, etc.2.3 The EIB intelligent control system installationThe EIB (European Installation Bus) the European electrical wiring device Bus intelligent control system.EIB it is for electrical wiring device of intelligent control system, intelligent lighting system is a part of the system.EIB standard is an open nature of the control system, it can be treated by a variety of chips in a variety of platforms, and expand the space.EIB intelligent control system by the bus, bus power supply, intelligent sensor (fuzzy switch, the light sensor, mobile sensors, time controller), intelligent switch drive and other intelligent components (logical module bus coupler).EIB is a kind of typical fieldbus control system, in the EIB control system, each component is a node, the different nodes are connected in a 2 coretwisted pair of medium on the bus, they both master-slave subordinate relations, can realize the communication between each other, thereby Implement control and be controlled.3 Intelligent lighting system control strategyIntelligent lighting system, usually is to use modern computer technology, network communication technology, automatic control technology, microelectronics technology, such as science and technology, according to environmental changes, objective request, the user condition such as reserve requirements and the various information in the automatic acquisition system, and the information collected in the corresponding logic analysis, reasoning, judgment, the results according to the specific form for storage, display, transmission and feedback control to 迖the best control effect of a kind of intelligent lighting control system. Generally, intelligent lighting control system should be based on the function of the environment in a certain area, in different period of the day, according to the indoor brightness or different USES of the region to automatic control of lighting, lighting control can transition from the traditional ordinary switch control to intelligent switch control. The application of intelligent lighting technology, the purpose is for people's work and provide new life comfortable and efficient lighting environment. Intelligent lighting it is the combination of intelligent technology and conventional lighting technology, from the basic form of its composition; it can be roughly divided into two major categories.Intelligent lighting lamps and lighting system, intelligent control to intelligent control unit and intelligent sensing unit for the system of the core of intelligent switches, intelligent lamps and lanterns, etc., can be single or several of the road lights on or off the control, the control of the bright or dark, delay or simple program control, and close the remote control and induction control, etc.This control system control and sensing unit has small volume, simple structure, small control power, etc.This type of product easy to use, low cost, and thus more be applied in such small space inside the bedroom environment intelligent lighting. Based on computer and intelligent communication network of intelligent lighting control system of intelligentlighting control system based on LAN mainly can be divided into the central system of centralized control and distributed control system of two types. Distributed intelligent lighting control system, is mainly introduced in the field of lighting control using the field bus technology, its work principle is system USES the main power supply, after dimmer module can be divided into multiple adjustable output circuit to realize the control of light lamp power supply. Lighting lamps and lanterns is the regulation of the switch and brightness can be controlled through a programmable multi-function control panel, in all the dimmer system and control panel can be realized by programming every street lamp of various types of control purpose, which can produce different types of lighting control scenarios and lighting effects.译文智能照明控制系统研究摘要能源的日益短缺及人们的生活水平的不断提高，人们对于室内照明系统的节能、舒适度的追求也越来越强烈，传统的照明系统很难再满足人们的需求。
基于单片机的智能路灯控制系统的设计
基于单片机的智能路灯控制系统的设计摘要：随着社会进步，需求和单片机应用领域的不断扩展，各类智能产品、控制系统都是以单片机技术为核心来进行开发设计。
本系统采用MSC-51系列单片机AT89C51和相关的光电检测设备设计路灯控制器，关键词：路灯；单片机技术；控制如今，路灯已经是城市道路景观的一个重要部分，已经成为城市照明系统中不可缺少和不可分割的一部分，成为了市民出行和城市美化、亮化的一个基本要求。
随着社会文明的不断发展，城市照明已不仅局限于街道的照明，而且发展成了了城市景观等装饰性照明的综合市政工程。
社会对亮灯率、开关灯的准确率、故障检测的实时性和维修的及时性要求不断提高。
随着社会经济的不断发展，能源短缺已经日益制约着经济发展的严重障碍，其中电力短缺已成为制约国民经济的突出矛盾。
我国目前的市场上有多种路灯节能控制产品，能达到一定的节能效果，但就功能和效果上还不能尽如人意，主要有以下几种情况：第一种，采用自耦变压器及磁饱和电抗器的降压技术。
其不足是由于反应速度较慢，用电高峰时电压降到非稳定区容易造成灯光闪灭，不能自动调节，同时如果电压突然升高，则会对灯具造成损坏，相对来说稳压效果较差；第二种是采用电子器件构成的可控硅式设备。
该设备主要采取简单的相控技术，不足之处是元器件较容易发热损坏。
而为了更好的达到控制的目的，现在国内外都开始采用智能控制方式，如光控、声控、时控等，国外甚至开始采用太阳能供能光控方式来控制路灯，基本可以达到完全自给自足的效果。
而本文中研究的就是光控路灯的控制器设计。
1.设计题目智能路灯亮灭控制系统设计2.设计内容设计一套路灯亮灭控制系统,以MCS-51系列单片机为核心完成测控任务,当日照亮度超过阈值,控制灯灭;反之,则控制灯亮。
并且要求阈值可调。
3.方案总体设计和论证本次课程设计课题是《智能路灯亮灭控制系统设计》。
此课题要求以路灯控制器为对象，完成硬件系统和软件程序的设计，实现以光线强弱方式来控制路灯的亮灭功能，属于软硬件相结合的题目。
智能照明控制系统英文文献
Distributed Intelligent City Street Lamp Monitoring and Control System Based onWireless Communication chip nRF401Yu CHEN, Zhaoyu LIUZhengzhou Institute of Aeronautical Industry ManagementZhengzhou, Chinae-mail: chenyu@Abstract—Traditional street lamp lighting system’s control style has disadvantage of low efficient, high cost and difficult to monitor, etc, so, it has not met modern city requirement. In order to realize distributed long distance city street lamp state automatic control in real time, we introduces a kind of wireless long distance intelligent city street lamp monitoring and control system based on SCM technology, electric power carrier communication, and wireless communication technology, etc. System is composed of upper PC, main controller, and each terminal controller. Upper PC controls main controller SCM MSP430F19, and transmits control instruction to field controller, MSP430F149 controls corresponding lighting lamp switch’s state changing by wireless transceiver nRF401. Upper PC can effectively complete wireless long distance lighting equipment control in real time. Through experiments, transmission distance can reach 1000m in maximum. In addition, we design illumination monitor equipment, which can assure lamp shut down automatically when communication network failure.Keywords-street lamp monitoring and control; MSP430F149; nRF401; wireless communication; AT89C51; electric power carrier communicationI.I NTRODUCTIONStreet lamp lighting is city part of infrastructure, which plays important position at traffic safety, society security, people living, city appearance style and feature, as well as making a city strength and mature degree. Traditional street lamp controlling adopts time-controller or transformer (distribution box) to realize decentralized control, which has disadvantages of bad centralized management, and high failure rate. Due to without long distance data collection and communication function, street lamp management in real time has not been realized, so, lamp working, operation result, etc can not be centralize monitor, record, and static, which usually can not get timely maintenance. This paper introduces a kind of street lamp long distance monitoring and control system through research work principle, realization, and character, etc based on SCM technology, wireless communication technology, etc after analyzing disadvantages of traditional monitoring and control system. This system realizes lighting according to needed, and monitor alarming, which complete long distance street lamp monitoring and control and has stronger feasibility. [1]II.S YSTEM C OMPOSITION AND P RINCIPLE System is composed of each single lamp monitoring-control terminal controller equipment, street lamp monitor central station and upper PC, etc. Each street lamp monitor central station connects with work central station by wireless transmission, and central station links with upper PC through RS232/485 or USB interface by wire style. According to different of geographical distribution situation, each work central station connects with one or multiple work slave station by wireless communication links. Upper PC obtains lighting equipment switch state by communicating with terminal equipment. And work central station can communicate with upper PC by RS232/485 or USB bus interface. Upper PC displays field lighting equipment state in real time.Each single lamp monitor-control terminal controller can realize lighting lamp start or close by upper PC, because city lamp distance is longer, we can make street lamp monitor central station as data collection equipment through electric power carrier line as communication medium. That is to say, after central station connected, then connects with upper PC through interface, which can fit to large scale field needs of city and realize longer distance data transmission. Distributed network structure principle is shown as Figure 1.Figure 1. Distributed lamp monitoring and control system structure.Each monitor terminal lower PC can itself set street lamp work information or download control schema through upper PC, such as clock calendar, open/close time, etc. Upper can each street lamp working state; monitor central station node can transmit instruction to upper PC through wireless jumping communication among each nodes; each street lamp node controls its working information, and realize failure2009 International Conference on Networks Security, Wireless Communications and Trusted Computingalarming through electric power carrier line; if some lamp node failure, beyond this node and communication, as well as feedback this information to control central and upper PC. SCM MSP430F149 acts as monitor central station controller; upper PC connects with work central station by RS232/485 or USB bus and realizes information exchange, which responds whole system monitor and management. Monitor central station controller receiver all kinds of operation control command and setting parameters of upper PC, and each field street lamp controller collects switch analogy and realize long distance lighting lamp control according to control schema. Upper PC connects work central station by RS485 or USB bus interface; gets and storages monitoring data through work slave station uploading monitoring data. As well as downloading control schema and avoid system out of control phenomenon appearance because of network failure. In addition, each single street lamp controller has ability of light-intensity detection module, which can realize automatically on-off according to night or day.III. H ARDWARE C IRCUIT D ESIGNSystem street lamp monitor central station controller adopts America TI .co SCM of MSP430F149; it is a kind of low power mix-signal controller, which has 16 bit RSIC structure, 16 bit register and constant generator of CPU. On running of CPU, if it goes wrong, DCO will automatically start, and assures system work normally. If program error, we can set watch dog to solve it. And on program fleeting, watch dog will appear overflow situation, watch dog will produce reset signal, and make system restart, which can assure system running stability.A. Single Lamp Monitoring EquipmentMain function of single lamp monitor terminal is switch on-off of controlling lamp, collecting lamp working information in real time, and communication with monitor central station controller, its hardware module frameFigure 2. Single lamp monitoring and control system structure.ISL29000 working lighting intensity range is between 1lux and 10000lux, and can transfer it into currency; outputting currency is proportional to receiving lightingintensity of photodiode. Outputting currency is converted into voltage, calculate outer circumstance lighting intensity through A/D conversion, and SCM judges if street on or off. Through lighting intensity monitor module, system can realize to automatically control street lamp on-off to avoid communication failure. Lower PC can get each street lamp terminal address through setting digital port coding, and realize relay driving on-off state, as well as using currency transformer to obtain lamp working state information.Single lamp monitor terminal adopts SCM AT89C51, and realize communication with MSP430F149 through electric power carrier communication. Electric power communication module is composed by electric power carrier communication professional chip SSC P300 and SSC P111. [2]B. Wireless Transceiver Circuit DesignSystem adopts nRF401 wireless transceiver chip of Nordic of Norway as core of wireless communication module [3]. Core architecture of Bluetooth technology, the ability of anti-jamming is very strong of type of modulation FSK. The working frequency is stable and reliable and peripheral components are few. So it is adapt to design portable hand-in products. Owing to its low transmitting frequency, high receiving sensitivity and carrier frequency which value is 433MHz of ISM frequency band. nRF401 satisfies the demands of wireless supervisor and permitting license is unnecessary. nRF401 can convert standby state to common one or transmitting state to receiving one. According to real design demands, the control port PWR_UP, CS, TXEN of nRF401 connects to SCM through pull down resistance. So, when the corresponding port of MSP430F149 is in input state, owing to pull down resistance, the current consumption is nearly zero. [4] Because SCM of MSP430F149 series automatically has serial communication ports, it can be connected to transceiver circuit of nRF401. Level transform is unnecessary. The working frequency band of Radio frequency module is set by the interface CS of serial peripheral equipments of nRF401.In addition, through adjusting bias resistance of RF_PWR port, radiated power can be adjusted. The maximum radiated power can be +10dBm. Also, the chip’s VCO circuit needs external connection of VCO inductance whose value is 22nH and the inductance is very crucial. Q>433MHz, the precision is 2%. The wireless transceiver principle is shown as Figure 3.Figure 3. Wireless communication module.The structure of inspection device is as same as each detection apparatus wireless transceiver unit. The wireless interface is designed to be coil aerial with small bulk and low costs and it can be corroded to PCB board directly. It is very suit to portable and low consumption productions.C.System Anti-jamming DesignTo prevent electromagnetic jamming, this system adopts anti-jamming measure; because electromagnetic jamming frequency segment is 0.1Hz~50MHz, so, system communication adopts frequency 433MHz, which can avoid main electromagnetic interference.Under field circumstance, antenna selection can improve system anti-jamming function, so, inspection touring station selects high-gain omni-directional antenna. To avoid much more terminal station number, antenna tuning of PCB outer, and trouble of circle antenna field tuning, etc. We select low price single whip antenna and fix it on top of suitable position, which can obtain best transceiver effect. nRF401 DC near VDD adopts high character capacity to decouple, nRF401 power has been filtered and let it isolates with digital circuit. In addition, because inspection touring equipment controller connects with central station PC by RS-485 bus, output port is double end balance driver, input port is double different amplifier. So, jamming noise can be cancelled out.Because work slave station single lamp monitoring and control equipment has delay switch action, which producing micro variable voltage du/dt, and micro currency di/dt are all jamming source. Method of reducing jamming source du/dt is parallel capacity, and reducing jamming source di/dt is series inductance or resistance to increase fly wheel diode. In this system, we increase fly wheel diode of delay coil to eliminate jamming of reverse electromotive force when disconnecting coil. But, if only add fly wheel diode will produce time delay, so, we add zener diode to realize action more times in unit time. [5]IV.S YSTEM S OFTWARE D ESIGNSoftware design is anther key to realize system function. To convenient to replant and resource sharing, software system adopts structured process design scheme, which can make system has better modularity and portability. Software design is composed of single lamp monitor-control program, street lamp monitor central station control program, upper PC display-control program, wireless communication program, etc. Key of system software design is street lamp monitor station and wireless communication module design, etc. Single lamp monitor-control slave station software is responsibility to data collection and communication, etc. Wireless communication module is made up of initial program, transmitting and receiving program, etc. Because system any one of nodes can communicate with other nodes at any time. So, each monitor-control node communication program is basic same. Main program of system includes two parts, which one is street lamp monitor central station MSP430F149 receiving upper PC correct instruction, then transmitting corresponding instruction to field lighting lamp. The other part is controlling each single lamp state according to receiving instruction.A.Upper PC CommunicationUpper PC adopts VB language to design friend man-machine interface, which can reach higher control demand, and cost is lower. As well as meet many number control system requirement. We use Microsoft Comm Control communication control file that VB provides, only need compiling little program code, and can realize data transceiver. MSP430F149 SCM adopts IARC430 language to design and complete communication with upper PC. Upper PC monitor software structure flow is shown as Figure 4.Figure 4. Monitor program flow of upper PC.B.Wireless Transceiver ModuleDesign of transceiver module communication between monitor central station controller MSP430F149 and lower PC controller AT89C51 is connected through wireless transceiver nRF401 chip, which realizes data transmission. When transceiver module has transmitting or receiving task, SCM fulfills by interruption style, which assures control main program running normally. [6]Transmission data must fit communication protocol that can be recognized by receiver. So, we need packet data, and add protocol head, transmission length, check, etc. Packet data can be sent into interface, and transmitted by wireless module. Data marking head is used to express a new data block’s starting; block length assures data can not be lost. On programming, we should pre-design communication protocol and think data error correction. Error correction can adopts checksum style or CRC check style, checksum is adding data except marking head, which assures receiving data can not error because of circumstance jamming. Transceiver process flow is shown as Figure 5.Figure 5. Wireless transceiver process flow diagram.C.Single Lamp Monitor ModuleSingle lamp monitor terminal management module, which mainly completes function of monitor controller and single lamp monitor address setting, adding, and modifying, etc; single lamp state controlling and checking module, which mainly completes central station controller time adjusting, single lamp switch controlling and state monitoring, as well as on line programming timing-controlling, and night lamp controlling, etc; failure alarming module, which is realize street lamp remote abnormal, state abnormal, or currency failure, etc recording and alarming in sound-light style, until processing in time after user notice normal; lighting lamp rate module, maintenance management module, etc.V.E XPERIMENT AND C ONCLUSIONS This paper designs a wireless long distance lighting control system based on electric power carrier communication and wireless communication technologies, and based on chip of SCM MSP430F149, AT89C51 and nRF401, etc, which realizes centralized management and distributed control function, etc. Experiment results show that transmission distance between a PC and multi work slave station controller can reach 1000m through system experiment, and completes field street lamp lighting equipment control accuracy. This paper mainly introduces hardware and software design of wireless communication module and upper PC interface module. System uses VB visualization character to design application program, and realizes lighting lamp long distance automatically control effect under Windows circumstance. System has many advantages of high anti-jamming, better expansibility, simple structure, low cost, and strong practicality. [7] System adopts wireless data transmission technology, it not only improves snr (signal-to-noise ratio) and monitors precision, but also avoids many heavy works such as signal transmission cable traffic, cable routing, cable connection, and cable monitor, etc. And reduce monitor and system monitor workload, time and cost, so, in great degree, it has broader applicability and better economy. If we change measurement style, for example, fix other monitor sensor, and modify corresponding software, we can easy to realize many other industry control value monitor in real time. Such as coal mine harmful gas concentrations monitor, grain storage temperature monitor, intelligent building monitor, etc. So, system has better popularization value and application prospect.VI.C ONCLUSIONSThis paper introduces street lamp long distance upper PC monitoring and control system design method, structure, and design hardware/software, etc. System uses wireless communication technology and electric power carrier cable communication technology, etc, which completes city street lamp monitoring and control in real time. System can also find failure in time and easy to maintenance, and reach to save energy on night lamp controlling, as well as on line program dividing groups’ timing control, which can assure lighting lamp rate, so, it realizes city street lamp information management.System adopts advanced street lamp long distance monitoring and control technology, which makes system has advantages of high automation, reliable operation, high efficiency power saving, and convenient to maintenance, etc, which can make up insufficiency of traditional street lamp lighting system.R EFERENCES[1]Cui Guimin, Qin Huibin, Luo You.“The Study ofWirelessStreetLampControl System,” Electronics & Packaging, 2007.12, p.42.[2]Tang Guizhong, Zhang Guangming, Ji Chuihua. “Design of WirelessMonitor Terminal for City Street Lamp Based on MSP430,”Microcomputer and Information, 2004.9, pp. 77-79.[3]Nordic VLSI. “nRFTM Radio Protocol Guidelines Nan400-07,”Http://www.nvlsi.no. 2002.12.[4]Li Jinfeng Cao,Shun Wei, Lifeng. “The Application of WirelessReceive Transmitter nRF401 in the Mine System,” Microcomputer Information. 2006.1-2, pp. 242-243.[5]Zeng Shuiping, Shi Kai. “The Design For Universal Serial Bus BasedOn MSP430F449,”China Science and Technology Information, 2008.11, pp. 143-144.[6]Han Xuejun, Liu Bintao, Chen Yonghui. “Design of Circuit BreakerTemperature On-line Monitoring System Based on Wireless Communication,” Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2006.8, pp.84-85.[7]Song Chengyan, Li Yang, Mei Yunhua. “The City Street Lamp’sMonitor and Control System Based on Wireless Communication,”Microcomputer Information, 2007.2-3, p.19-20.。
基于单片机的智能路灯控制系统
块，用于传输来自上位机的指令。系统模 块组成如图1所示。
1.2 模块功能 STC 89C51单片机根据时钟芯片DS1302 提供时钟信号，按照下列时段实现时控开 关灯空。 （1）冬季时间：傍晚18：00开灯， 次日早晨7：30关灯。 （2）春秋季时间：傍晚19：00开灯， 次日早晨6：30关灯。 （3）夏季时间：傍晚20：00开灯， 次日早晨5：30关灯。 这个时段可动态修改，修改操作在上 位机完成，通过通信模块将指令写入STC 89C51芯片内，随即就改变了时控开关灯 的工作时段。 光敏电阻，受到适当波长的光线照射 时，电流就会随光强的增加而变大，从而 实现光电转换。通过ADC0832器件进行模 数转换后提供给单片机，STC 89C51按照 预设的方案实现如下光控路灯开关功能。 （1）自动测光，白天（或光线强时） 路灯熄灭，夜晚（或光线暗时）路灯自动 点亮。 （2）感光度可调，可根据需要调节在 任意光线下工作。 （3）为防止瞬间强光的干扰，特设 延时关闭功能（光线达到强光时，开关延 时30秒左右才自动关闭）。 光敏二极管是利用硅PN结受光照后产 生光电流的一种光电器件，工作于反向偏 压。白天受光照或路灯直接照射时光敏二 极管反向电阻减小，二极管导通；光照很 小时光敏二极管反向电阻增大，二极管截 止。采用光敏二极管，检测夜晚路灯是否 正常工作。当光敏二极管截止时表明路灯 设备故障或被盗，STC 89C51启动声光报 警装置，同时在4位LED数码管上显示相应 的路灯编号。
（上接第126页）境在不断变化，各种经 济现象也越来越复杂，这些客观情况使得 各国的税收实施细则等会不断发展变化， 这就要求跨国公司税收筹划的策略要“与 时俱进，以抓住时机，及时调整税收筹划
策略，实现企业利益的最大化目标。
参考文献 [1]陈小五.跨国公司的政策盛宴[J].中国外汇,2006(3):14. [2]王允平,陈燕.跨国公司财务管理[M].首都设定范围？
基于单片机的太阳能路灯照明控制系统设计
基于单片机的太阳能路灯照明控制系统设计刘鑫;宋维波【摘要】针对当前资源能源供求不断紧张的局面，提出了一种基于单片机的太阳能路灯照明控制系统设计方案。
太阳能路灯以太阳光为能源，白天太阳能电池板给蓄电池充电，晚上蓄电池给负载提供电能。
实际应用表明，该系统工作稳定，运行良好，而且具有安全、节能、方便、无污染的特点。
%In view of problem of imbalance of energy supply and demand,a design scheme of the solar energy streetlights controller based on microcontroller is proposed in this paper. Solar energy streetlights feed on solar batteries. During the day, the solar battery charges up the battery. In the night,storage battery provides power for local load. The actual application shows that the system runs stable. It has properties of safety,energy⁃saving,sanity,convenience and non⁃pollution.【期刊名称】《现代电子技术》【年(卷),期】2015(000)001【总页数】3页(P157-159)【关键词】单片机;太阳能;路灯;控制系统【作者】刘鑫;宋维波【作者单位】中国海洋大学信息科学与工程学院，山东青岛 266100;烟台供电公司，山东烟台 264001【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TN29-34太阳能是干净、无污染且随处可得的能源,而且取之不尽、用之不竭。
基于单片机的智能路灯控制系统 外文文献
毕业设计(论文)外文资料翻译系别光电信息系专业测控技术与仪器班级B090102姓名马丽娜学号36外文出处Spriger Link附件 1. 原文； 2. 译文2013年3月intelligent management and control in different conditions normally In different states implement diversified road lighting scene, To improve the quality of lighting at the same time get the best section Can effect.1. The system hardware designControl circuit mainly to light, temperature signal acquisition, data computing and analysis, and control of street lamp driver circuit according to the results of the operation. Circuit must have MD conversion function, adopt STCl2C5608AD single chip microcomputer as control unit, the single-chip computer as a single clock cycle enhanced 8051 kernel microcontroller, it contains 8 KB FLASH program memory, eight road lO MD conversion interface, can meet the need of data acquisition. Light intensity, temperature sensor using photosensitive resistance and thermal resistance, respectively.Figure 1Figure 2Photosensitive resistor Rx and resistance R2 bleeder circuit, light intensity changes, microcontroller P1.7 pin input voltage changes, and P1.7 pin can be set up for MD conversion interface, set a threshold voltage for light intensity can distinguish between day and night. Thermal resistor Rx and R3 bleeder circuit, the temperature changes, P1.5 pin voltage change, the figure 1 watch NA L/D conversion control circuit green quality can calculate the actual environment temperature and time control to modify parameters. S1 for four dial the code switch, can be used to think.1.1 hardware designSystem hardware modules include: control module, mining Use 89 c51 to realize on STC; Sensor module, Using photosensitive resistance on the surrounding environment light Sample, using photosensitive diode on-off to street lamp equipment Obstacle detection; The clock module, using DS1302 clock chip Slice; Display module, which is made up of four LED digital tube, use To display the fault street lamp number; Sound and light alarm module, Implementation of malfunctioning of the street lamp light hint; Communication moduleBlocks, used to transmit commands from PC.1.2 module functionOn STC 89 c51 based on DS1302 clock chip Provide the clock signal, according to the following time implementation control Turn off the lights.图一图二光敏电阻Rx与电阻R2组成分压电路，光强变化时，单片机P1.7引脚输入电压变化，P1.7引脚可设置为MD转换接口，为光强设置一个临界电压即可区分白天和黑夜。
基于STC89C52单片机的智能路灯控制系统设计与实现
基于STC89C52单片机的智能路灯控制系统设计与实现Design and Implementation of Intelligent StreetLamp Control System Based on STC89C52Microcontroller摘要传统路灯有很多缺点，例如严重的电力和能源浪费，简化的管理方法，信息管理水平低，对于常见故障缺乏积极的警报系统以及无法检测故障位置指示灯。
透明和奢侈浪费社会资源。
近年来，中国许多大城市才刚刚开始选择智能路灯技术，并对传统路灯进行改造和改造。
选择基于3G和物联网的公共管理系统，结合LED等高科技技术，并科学研究智能路灯，以不断创新许多路灯的缺点。
普通路灯智能照明系统改造后，可以大大降低路灯的能耗，可以合理提高环保和节能率。
针对于此，本文基于51单片机+光敏传感器+声音传感器，实现路灯的自动开关的实时控制。
与此同时，并通过照明检测进行故障位置的测试发，来确定路灯故障和定位。
经过电路设计和软件编程之后，首先在仿真软件上进行功能仿真，当优化改进至错误时，在万用板上进行实物模型的制作和功能测试，完成原设定功能和目标的测试。
经过试验发现该系统具有良好的发展前景和应用市场。
关键词：智能路灯，感光控制，声音控制ABSTRACTTraditional street lamps have many disadvantages, such as serious waste of energy, single management means, low level of information, lack of active fault alarm mechanism, and the location of fault lamps is difficult to find, such as the streets are empty but bright, which wastes social resources greatly. In recent years, many cities in China have begun to use intelligent street lamp technology to transform the traditional street lamp. Using the public management platform based on 4G and Internet of things technology, combined with LED and other high-tech, the intelligent street lamp is developed to change the disadvantages of traditional street lamp. After the intelligent lighting transformation of ordinary street lamps, the power consumption of street lamps can be greatly reduced and the energy saving rate can be effectively improved.In view of this, based on 51 single chip microcomputer + photosensitive sensor + sound sensor, this paper realizes the real-time control of the automatic switch of street lamp. At the same time, through the lighting detection to test the fault location, to determine the fault and location of street lights. After circuit design and software programming, functional simulation is carried out on the simulation software first. When the optimization is improved to error, the production and functional test of the physical model are carried out on the universal board to complete the test of the original set function and target. It is found that the system has a good development prospect and application market.Key words: intelligent street lamp, sensitive control, sound control目录摘要 (I)ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................... I I 目录. (III)第1章绪论 (1)1.1研究背景 (1)1.2研究意义 (1)1.3国内外研究现状 (2)1.3.1技术发展与应用现状 (2)1.3.2发展前景和趋势 (2)1.3.3文献综述 (2)1.4研究方向和内容 (5)第2章系统整体设计方案 (6)2.1设计要求 (6)2.1.1基本要求 (6)2.1.2详细说明 (6)2.2设计思路 (7)2.3系统搭建方案 (7)第3章系统硬件电路设计 (9)3.1 单片机最小系统电路设计 (9)3.2 时钟电路设计 (9)3.3 复位电路设计 (10)3.4 电源电路设计 (10)3.5 DS1302时钟电路设计 (11)3.6 显示电路设计 (12)3.7 光控和声控电路设计 (12)3.8 故障检测电路设计 (13)3.10 故障报警电路设计 (13)3.11 按键电路设计 (14)第4章系统软件设计 (15)4.1 软件设计思路 (15)4.2 主程序设计 (15)4.3 子程序设计 (15)4.3.1按键输入程序设计 (15)4.3.2信号采集程序设计 (16)4.3.3中断服务程序设计 (16)4.3.4时钟程序设计 (17)第5章系统仿真和实物测试 (19)5.1系统仿真调试与结果分析 (19)5.2系统实物测试与结果分析 (21)第6章总结 (25)致谢................................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
基于单片机的智能路灯控制系统外文文献
基于单片机的智能路灯控制系统-外文文献————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：毕业设计(论文)外文资料翻译系别光电信息系专业测控技术与仪器班级 B090102姓名马丽娜学号 36外文出处 Spriger Link附件 1. 原文； 2. 译文2013年3月Based on single chip microcomputer intelligent street lightcontrol system【abstract 】 A street light automatic control system design, combined with the control, electric lamp switch control function; And street lamp fault detection and fault street lamp according to the function of the number. Use on STC 89C51 as the core Control unit; Using DS1302 clock chip to control the point open to turn off the lights when street lamps; By a photosensor complete collection of ambient light and street light fault detection, so as to realize the number of optically controlled open to turn off the lights and fault street lamp display. This system Can through the RS - 232 communication port with the street light control room of the upper machine communication.【key words】STC 89C51; Clock chip DS1302; photosensorIntroductionFor the most part at present domestic cities and regions of the street lamp Lighting adopts electric control, time control and single point of electrons Control, maintenance management and manual inspections and the masses The traditional way, because of the lack of scientific and effective monitoring Means, large area lighting during the day, night not large area Light phenomenon occurs frequently, often can't find and in a timely manner Processing, not only caused power resources, human resources Cost, improve the operating costs of the system and to citizens Life bring inconvenience.Intelligent road lighting system can according to different area Domain of different functional requirements, at different times and different every day Natural light or under different traffic flow conditions, the press According to a specific setting, realize dynamic wisdom of road lighting Can management, namely the TPO management (TIME/PLACE, TIME Location/OCCASION occasions). Intelligent road lighting Control system, through the comprehensive consideration and analysis and road Ming is closely related to the intensity of illumination time, road, environment and hand it in Scene control methods of factors such as flow rate, in themicrocomputer According to the preset control strategy, the road lighting into action Street lamp intelligent management and control in different conditions normally In different states implement diversified road lighting scene, To improve the quality of lighting at the same time get the best section Can effect.1. The system hardware designControl circuit mainly to light, temperature signal acquisition, data computing and analysis, and control of street lamp driver circuit according to the results of the operation. Circuit must have MD conversion function, adopt STCl2C5608AD single chip microcomputer as control unit, the single-chip computer as a single clock cycle enhanced 8051 kernel microcontroller, it contains 8 KB FLASH program memory, eight road lO MD conversion interface, can meet the need of data acquisition. Light intensity, temperature sensor using photosensitive resistance and thermal resistance,respectively.Figure 1Figure 2Photosensitive resistor Rx and resistance R2 bleeder circuit, light intensity changes, microcontroller P1.7 pin input voltage changes, and P1.7 pin can be set up for MD conversion interface, set a threshold voltage for light intensity can distinguish between day and night. Thermal resistor Rx and R3 bleeder circuit, the temperature changes, P1.5 pin voltage change, the figure 1 watch NA L/D conversion control circuit green quality can calculate the actual environment temperature and time control to modify parameters. S1 for four dial the code switch, can be used to think.1.1 hardware designSystem hardware modules include: control module, mining Use 89 c51 to realize on STC; Sensor module, Using photosensitive resistance on the surrounding environment light Sample, using photosensitive diode on-off to street lamp equipment Obstacle detection; The clock module, using DS1302 clock chip Slice; Display module, which is made up of four LED digital tube, use To display the fault street lamp number; Sound and light alarm module, Implementation of malfunctioning of the street lamp light hint; Communication moduleBlocks, used to transmit commands from PC.1.2 module functionOn STC 89 c51 based on DS1302 clock chip Provide the clock signal, according to the following time implementation control Turn off the lights.(1) : winter time 18:00 lights at night, The next morning at 7:30 to turn off the lights.(2) age season time: the evening number is turn on the light, The next morning at 6:30 to turn off the lights.(3) in the summer time: 20:00 lights at night, The next morning at 5:30 to turn off the lights.Dynamically changes of this period of time, changes in the operation A machine to complete, through the communication module will hold instructions written to STC 89 c51 chip, then changed the point open to turn off the lights During work time.Photosensitive resistance, by appropriate wavelength of light , the current will along with the increase of light intensity, thus Realize the photoelectric conversion. To die by ADC0832 device Hold number converted to provide single-chip, STC 89c51 according to The default program realize the electric lamp switch function.(1) automatic metering, during the day (or light) When lights go out, night (dark or light) street lights automatically Light up.(2) the sensitivity is adjustable, can adjust according to need Any work under the light.(3) to prevent the instant bright light interference, the AD hoc Delay off function (to strong light, the light switch When 30 seconds to shut down automatically).Photosensitive diode is to use silicon PN knot when the light is produced A photoelectric device, light current work in reverse bias Because of the pressure. During the day light or lamp light photosensitive 2 directly Diode reverse resistance decreases, and diode conduction; Light is very Hours photosensitive diode reverse resistance increases, the diode The check. Using photosensitive diode, detection of street lamp is night Normal work. When the photosensitive diode as shows that street lamp Equipment failure or theft, acousto-optic quote on STC 89 c51 started Alarm device, at the same time in four LED digital tube display the corresponding The street number.2.The system software designThe software design of this system is divided into seven parts, mainly Including the LED digital tube display program design; Light to check the Test program design; Equipment fault detection program design; when Clock driver chip design; Open to turn off the lights program design; Communication program design; Audible and visual alarm program design, etc.Software includes: main program, system initialization, anti-fuzzy functions,A/D conversion subroutine, communication processing subroutine, keyboard processing subroutine, warp/weft clock computing functions, dial the code switch handle child, switch input processing function, the switch quantity output treatment function, display function. MCU software programming to CodeVisionAVR C compiler as a development platform, USES C written in a high-level language.3.TAGUSES the wireless transceiver module and single-chip integration design, can reduce the hardware cost of the system, convenient installation, easy maintenance. Adopt type a 15 STR micropower wireless digital module, high efficiency forward error correction channel coding technology, improves the data the abrupt interference and random interference resistance ability. Using high-speed microcontroller W7E58, improve the measurement precision of the liquid level, simplified the hardware structure of the system. The system not only for level measurement is a kind of safe and effective solutions, can be applied to other material level measurement under the bad environment.Street lamp lighting system is indispensable to the road traffic Facilities, design a kind of intelligent street light control system, right Increase induced by road, improve the driving safety at night And comfort, effectively prevent criminal activity, beautify the environment, Save power resources, has a certain practical significance and can be Development value.References[1], truth, science and technology. 8051 series single chip microcomputer C program design manual [M]. Completely People post and telecommunications press, 2006.[2] realistic technology. Microcontroller peripheral devices and applications [M]. Typical people Posts and telecommunications press, 2006, 2.[3] BianChunYuan, wang zhiqiang. MCS - 51 single chip microcomputer application development practical subroutine [M]. People's posts and telecommunications press, 2005, 9.[4] Shen Gongwei. Based on single chip microcomputer intelligent syste design and implementation [M]. Electronic Industrial press, 2005. m[5] Wan Guangyi, nine sun Ann, Cai Jianping. SOC SCM experiment, practice and should be With design - based on C8051F series [M]. Beijing university ofaeronautics and astronautics Publisher, 2006.[6] Xu Aijun Peng Xiuhua. Keil Cx51 V7.0 microcontroller programming in a high-level language and Mu Vision2 application practice [M]. Beijing: electronic industry press, 2004.[7] blockbuster, special expensive, were yu. Intelligent street light control system design and application research. The modern electronic technology, 2010. (1) : 207-207.[8] kang hua guang, Chen Taiqin. Analog part electronic technology foundation [M]. Beijing: higher education press, 2001.基于单片机的智能路灯控制系统【摘要】设计了一个路灯自动控制系统，具有时控、光控相结合的路灯开关控制功能；以及路灯故障检测并显示故障路灯编号的功能。
基于51单片机的智能照明控制系统的设计外文文献翻译、中英文翻译
附录C 外文翻译基于51单片机的智能照明控制系统的设计关键词：AT89C51；单片集成电路；照明控制系统摘要：随着智能建筑的发展和成熟，节能成为一种趋势，照明控制系统越来越普及。
同时，随着电子技术的飞速发展，以微型计算机为核心的嵌入式控制系统取代了传统的电子控制系统，基于单片机的控制系统在智能建筑中得到了广泛的应用。
本文针对公共场所的耗电浪费现象，以AT89C5 1为核心，提出了一种热释电红外传感器的测量和智能照明控制系统的光组合。
通过判断光强和室内是否有人自动切换灯，达到节能的目的。
引言近年来，随着经济的发展和技术的进步，人们对照明的要求越来越高。
传统的照明控制系统技术受到时代的强烈冲击，“智能照明”技术迅速出现和发展。
据统计，在建筑能耗中，仅照明占33%。
据测算，这种现象消耗电力占其单位耗电量的40%左右，因此照明节能显得很重要。
目前国内外常用的节能开关主要有语音控制、触摸、感光等。
这些类型的开关都有自己的缺点。
例如，语音式的不适合嘈杂的地方，触摸式的能自动关闭但不能自动打开，光敏式的在无人时不能自动关闭。
在本研究中，通过设计一种智能节能控制系统来替代现有产品是一项非常有意义的工作。
系统结构和工作原理本设计结合了AT89C51单片机、LED显示技术，红外传感、光传感技术、延时技术、关键采集和处理技术实现了照明的智能控制，结构如图1所示。
其原理是：第一、单片机通过继电器实现对光设备的开闭。
第二、单片机通过照明检测电路对照明附件周边亮度进行检测，如果亮度满足生活需要保持照明附件关闭；如亮度不足单片机检测是否采集人体热释电信号。
第三、如果检测人体信号，单片机立即控制照明附件打开；如果该芯片未检查人体信号，单片机控制照明附件继续保持关闭位置。
第四、当照明打开时，如果单片机在一个时间信号被延迟一段时间时没有检测到人体，那么如果检测到人体延迟的结束，则在信号中出现延迟。
第五、根据不同场所和人员的使用，可以通过设置P1.0-P1.4引脚的状态来设定不同的延时值。
基于单片机控制的太阳能LED智能路灯照明系统
基于单片机控制的太阳能LED智能路灯照明系统张晓晖;杜学东【摘要】系统本着充分利用太阳能供电,并且实现路灯照明系统的智能化为目的,以AT89S51单片机为控制核心,自行设计了一套太阳能LED路灯智能照明系统。
在该系统中以单片机与模数转换器构成数据采样模块,实现蓄电池的过充与过放保护电路;数码管显示电路显示蓄电池的电压和当前时间;通过光敏电阻感知外界环境亮度,实现LED路灯的开启与关闭;无线模块实现对LED路灯人为的控制。
实验结果表明该系统性能稳定、实时性高、节能、智能,具有良好的应用前景。
%The Solar LED intelligent lighting system makes full use of the solar power supply for the purpose of the intelligent lighting with AT89S51 MCU as the control core.In the system the data sampling module composed by MCU and the analog-to-digital converter,to realize the battery overcharge and over discharge protection circuit.Digital tube display circuit displays the battery voltage and current time.Through photosensitive resistance to perceive the external environment brightness,to realize the opening and the closing of the LED street lamp.Wireless module to realize the LED street lamp artificial control.The experimental results show that the system has stable performance,high real-time performance,energy-saving,intelligent,and has good application prospect.【期刊名称】《电子设计工程》【年(卷),期】2012(020)007【总页数】4页(P128-131)【关键词】蓄电池过充;过放保护;AT89S51;ADC0809;无线收发;光敏电阻【作者】张晓晖;杜学东【作者单位】山东科技大学信息科学与工程学院,山东青岛266590;山东科技大学信息科学与工程学院,山东青岛266590【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TP368.1我国经济的高速发展必然伴随着能源的大量消耗，节约资源和保护环境是政府坚持的基本国策，目前国家大力倡导既环保又再生的能源（水电、风电、太阳能发电等）的开发，特别是太阳能的应用。
基于单片机的太阳能路灯自动控制系统
摘要本论文提出一种以STC12C5A60S2单片机为核心部件的太阳能LED 路灯自动控制系统。
该系统运用传感器技术，通过硬件和软件的设计，完成了路灯随白天黑夜变化而开关照明的任务，实现了蓄电、市电的轮替供电，且故障情况下正常照明，解决了当前城市路灯照明系统耗电量大、成本高的缺点。
关键词传感器故障指示灯市电转换太阳能充电Design of Automatic Solar Street Lamp Control System Based on SCM // Zeng Shuai,Zhao Ling,Bian Chaoyang,Suolangzhaxi,Ni Tianyu,NimaduojiAbstract This paper presents a design of automatic solar LED street lamp control system with STC12C5A60S2 as the core. The system utilizing sensor technology designed hardware and soft-ware to complete the street lamp switch lighting task with day and night change, which realized the rotation of the battery and the mains power supply and normal lighting in failure cases. The system solved the street lamp lighting system's shortcomings of large power and high cost in current cities.Key words sensor;fault indicator light;mains transition;solar charging1 引言随着现代城乡建设的飞速发展，人们开始高度重视城市照明系统。
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Control circuit mainly to light, temperature signal acquisition, data computing and analysis, and control of street lamp driver circuit according to the results of the operation. Circuit must have MD conversion function, adopt STCl2C5608AD single chip microcomputer as control unit, the single-chip computer as a single clock cycle enhanced 8051 kernel microcontroller, it contains 8 KB FLASH program memory, eight road lO MD conversion interface, can meet the need of data acquisition. Light intensity, temperature sensor using photosensitive resistance and thermal resistance, respectively.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Photosensitive resistor Rx and resistance R2 bleeder circuit, light intensity changes, microcontroller P1.7 pin input voltage changes, and P1.7 pin can be set up for MD conversion interface, set a threshold voltage for light intensity can distinguish between day and night. Thermal resistor Rx and R3 bleeder circuit, the temperature changes, P1.5 pin voltage change, the figure 1 watch NA L/D conversion control circuit green quality can calculate the actual environment temperature and time control to modify parameters. S1 for four dial the code switch, can be used to think.
毕业设计(论文)外文资料翻译
系 别光电信息系
专 业测控技术与仪器
班 级B090102
姓 名马丽娜
学号36
外文出处Spriger Link
附 件1. 原文； 2. 译文
3年3月
Intelligent road lighting system can according to different area Domain of different functional requirements, at different times and different every day Natural light or under different traffic flow conditions, the press According to a specific setting, realize dynamic wisdom of road lighting Can management, namely the TPO management (TIME/PLACE, TIME Location/OCCASION occasions). Intelligent road lighting Control system, through the comprehensive consideration and analysis and road Ming is closely related to the intensity of illumination time, road, environment and hand it in Scene control methods of factors such as flow rate, in the microcomputer According to the preset control strategy, the road lighting into actionStreet lamp intelligent management and control in different conditions normally In different states implement diversified road lighting scene, To improve the quality of lighting at the same time get the best section Can effect.
1.1 hardware design
System hardware modules include: control module, mining Use 89 c51 to realize on STC; Sensor module, Using photosensitive resistance on the surrounding environment light Sample, using photosensitive diode on-off to street lamp equipment Obstacle detection; The clock module, using DS1302 clock chip Slice; Display module, which is made up of four LED digital tube, use To display the fault street lamp number; Sound and light alarm module, Implementation of malfunctioning of the street lamp light hint; Communication moduleBlocks, used to transmit commands from PC.