电路分析外文翻译
电路分析师作文英语
电路分析师作文英语Title: The Role and Responsibilities of a Circuit Analyst。
Introduction:Circuit analysis is a crucial aspect of electrical engineering, playing a vital role in ensuring the functionality, efficiency, and safety of electronic systems. As a circuit analyst, one undertakes the responsibility of scrutinizing, designing, and optimizing circuits to meet specific requirements. In this essay, we delve into therole and responsibilities of a circuit analyst,highlighting the skills and knowledge required to excel in this field.Understanding Circuit Analysis:Circuit analysis involves the examination of electrical circuits to understand their behavior and performance. Itencompasses various techniques and methodologies to analyze voltage, current, power, and other electrical parameters within a circuit. A circuit analyst employs mathematical models, simulation software, and testing equipment to assess circuit performance accurately.Responsibilities of a Circuit Analyst:1. Circuit Design:One of the primary responsibilities of a circuit analyst is to design electrical circuits that meet predetermined specifications. This involves understanding the functional requirements of the circuit, selecting appropriate components, and arranging them to achieve the desired outcome. Circuit analysts must possess a deep understanding of circuit theory, semiconductor devices, and analog/digital electronics to create effective designs.2. Simulation and Analysis:Circuit analysts utilize simulation software such asSPICE (Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis) to model and analyze circuit behavior. Through simulation, analysts can predict how a circuit will perform under different operating conditions, identify potential issues, and optimize circuit parameters for improved performance. Proficiency in simulation tools is essential for accurately assessing circuit behavior and making informed design decisions.3. Troubleshooting and Debugging:When confronted with malfunctioning circuits or unexpected behavior, circuit analysts must possess strong troubleshooting skills to identify and rectify faults. This involves systematic analysis of circuit components, signal waveforms, and electrical parameters to isolate the root cause of the problem. Effective troubleshooting requires a combination of theoretical knowledge, practical experience, and attention to detail.4. Performance Optimization:Circuit analysts are responsible for optimizing circuit performance in terms of efficiency, reliability, and cost-effectiveness. This may involve refining circuit parameters, selecting alternative components, or redesigning circuitry to achieve desired performance metrics. Optimization efforts aim to enhance circuit functionality while minimizing resource utilization and mitigating potential risks.5. Compliance and Standards:Ensuring compliance with industry standards, regulations, and safety protocols is a critical aspect of the circuit analyst's role. Analysts must stay abreast of relevant standards such as IEEE, IEC, and NEC to ensurethat their designs meet legal and safety requirements. Adherence to standards not only ensures the reliability and integrity of circuits but also fosters trust among stakeholders.Skills and Qualifications:To excel as a circuit analyst, individuals should possess a combination of technical expertise, problem-solving abilities, and communication skills. Some essential skills and qualifications include:Proficiency in circuit theory, semiconductor physics, and analog/digital electronics.Experience with simulation software and circuit analysis tools.Strong analytical and critical thinking skills.Effective communication and teamwork abilities.Attention to detail and a methodical approach to problem-solving.Knowledge of industry standards and regulatory requirements.Conclusion:In conclusion, the role of a circuit analyst is multifaceted, encompassing design, analysis, optimization, and troubleshooting of electrical circuits. By leveraging their technical expertise and problem-solving skills, circuit analysts play a pivotal role in the development of reliable and efficient electronic systems. With the continuous evolution of technology, the demand for skilled circuit analysts remains high, making it an exciting and rewarding career path for aspiring electrical engineers.。
电路原理及电工学常用专业英文词汇..
电路原理专业词汇表Glossary of “Principles of Electric Circuits”Chapter 1 Elements and Laws of Electrical Circuits 电路electrical circuit电流current电荷electric charge电压voltage电位potential电位差potential difference电动势electromotive force功率power能量energy电阻resistor / resistance电导conductor / conductance电感inductor / inductance电容capacitor / capacitance欧姆定律Ohm’s Law广义欧姆定律generalized Ohm’s Law参考方向reference direction电压极性voltage polarity正极positive polarity负极negative polarity理想独立电压源ideal independent voltage source理想独立电流源ideal independent current source理想受控源ideal dependent / controlled source压控电压源voltage controlled voltage source(VCVS)压控电流源voltage controlled current source(VCCS)流控电压源current controlled voltage source(CCVS)流控电流源current controlled current source(CCCS)节点node支路branch回路loop基尔霍夫定律Kirchhoff’s Law基尔霍夫电流定律Kirchhoff’s Current Law(KCL)基尔霍夫电压定律Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law(KVL)闭合面closed boundary集总参数lumped parameter集总参数电路lumped circuit集总参数元件lumped element分布参数distributed parameter分布参数电路distributed circuit直流direct current(DC)交流alternating current(AC)有源器件active element无源器件passive element无损电路lossless circuitChapter 2 Analysis methods to simple resistorcircuits串联series connection分压voltage division并联parallel connection分流current division等效电阻equivalent resistanceY-Δ变换Wye-Delta transformation入端电阻input resistanceChapter 3 Methods of Analysis支路电流法method of branch current节点法Nodal Analysis回路电流法loop current method网孔电流法mesh current method外网孔outer mesh自导纳self-admittance互导纳mutual-admittance矩阵matrix行row列column参考节点reference node平面电路planar circuit方程equation消去法elimination technique克莱姆法则Cr amer’s rule代入法substitution method运算放大器operational amplifier(op amp)同向输入端noninverting input反向输入端inverting input输出端output等效电路模型equivalent circuit model开环放大倍数open-loop gain闭环放大倍数closed-loop gain入端电阻input resistance输出电阻output resistance线性工作区linear region正向饱和区positive saturation反向饱和区negative saturation同向放大noninverting amplifier反向放大inverting amplifier加法器summing amplifier积分器integrator微分器differentiator自激振荡self-sustained oscillationChapter 4 Circuit Theorems叠加原理superposition principle输入/激励input / excitation输出/响应output / response线性电路linear circuit代数和algebraic sum替代定理substitution principle戴维南定理Thevenin’s Theorem诺顿定理Norton’s Theorem二端网络two-terminal circuit开路电压open-circuit voltage短路电流short-circuit current特勒根定理Tellegen Theorem功率平衡定理Power-balancing Theorem互易定理reciprocal theorem对偶原理principle of duality对偶元件dual element对偶图dual graphChapter 5 Nonlinear Circuit非线性电路nonlinear circuit非线性元件nonlinear element压控电阻voltage-controlled resistor流控电阻current-controlled resistor静态电阻static resistance动态电阻dynamic resistance小信号分析small-signal analysis小信号模型small-signal modal分段线性化法piece-wise linear mthod数值解法numerical analysisChapter 6 First-order Circuit一阶电路first-order circuit一阶微分方程first-order differential equation 过渡过程transient process线性时不变电路linear time-invariable circuit 单位阶跃函数unit step function单位脉冲函数unit pulse function单位斜坡函数unit ramp function起始条件initial condition起始值initial value零输入响应zero-input response零状态响应zero-state response稳态响应steady-state response暂态响应transient response时间常数time constant指数函数exponential function阶跃响应step response冲激响应impulse response自由响应natural response强迫响应forced response全响应complete response稳态值final value卷积积分convolution integration时域延迟time delay换路switching跳变现象jump phenomenon脉冲持续时间pulse duration脉冲重复周期repeating period of pulseChapter 7 Second-order Circuit二阶电路second-order circuit齐次微分方程homogeneous differential equation常系数微分方程constant coefficients equation特征方程characteristic equation特征根characteristic root特征值eigenvalue特征向量eigenvector特解particular solution通解general solution自然频率natural frequency衰减系数damping factor谐振角频率resonant frequency / undamped natural frequency 过阻尼情况overdamped case欠阻尼情况underdamped case临界情况critically damped case固有振荡角频率damping frequency / damped natural frequency 衰减振荡damped oscillation无损lossless正弦响应sinusoidal response波形waveform实数real复数complex衰减attenuationChapter 8 Sinusoidal Steady-State Analysis幅值amplitude / magnitude相位phase相位差phase difference角频率angular frequency周期period频率cyclic frequency正弦sinusoidal余弦cosine初相角initial phase angle瞬时值instantaneous value最大值maximum有效值effective valueroot-mean-square valueu 领先i φu leads i by φu 落后i φu lags i by φ同相in phase反相opposite in phase实部real part虚部imaginary part直角坐标形式rectangular form极坐标形式polar form指数形式exponential form相量phasor参考相量reference phasor电压三角形voltage triangle瞬时功率instantaneous power平均功率average power阻抗impedance导纳admittance电抗reactance电纳susceptance感性inductive容性capacitive正弦稳态响应sinusoidal steady-state response时域time-domain相量域phasor-domain视在功率apparent power功率因数power factor (pf)复功率complex power功率三角形power triangle复共轭complex conjugate有功功率active power无功功率reactive power最大功率传输定理Maximum Power Transfer Theorem功率守恒定理Theorem of conservation of power阻抗匹配impedance matching共轭匹配conjugate matchingChapter 9 Magnetically Coupled Circuits 耦合couple互感mutual inductance自感self-inductance磁通magnetic flux互感电压mutual / induced voltage线圈coil铁心线圈coil with iron core匝数turn耦合系数coupling coefficient变压器transformer空心变压器air-core transformer原边primary coils / windings副边secondary coils / windings引入阻抗reflected impendence理想变压器ideal transformer全耦合变压器unity-coupled transformer 变比turns ratio / transformation ratio自耦合变压器auto-transformer多绕组变压器multiple-winding transformer 右螺旋定则right-handed screw rule同名端dotted terminalterminals of same magnetic polarity 漏感leakage inductanceChapter 10 Resonance串联谐振series resonance并联谐振parallel resonance谐振频率resonant frequency特性阻抗characteristic impedance品质因数quality factor频率响应frequency response选择性selectivity选频特性frequency-selection characteristic Chapter 11 Frequency Response复频率complex frequency网络函数network function转移函数transfer function多项式polynomial极点pole零点zero波特图Bode plot分贝decibel增益gain对数logarithm半对数semilog转折频率corner / break frequency截止频率cut-off frequency带宽bandwidth无源滤波器passive filter有源滤波器active filter低通滤波器low-pass filter高通滤波器high-pass filter带通滤波器band-pass filter带阻滤波器band-stop / band-reject / notch filter Chapter 12 Three-phase Circuits对称三相电源balanced three-phase sources 对称三相电路symmetrical three-phase circuit中线neutral line中性点neutral point三相四线制three-phase four-wire system相电压phase voltage线电压line voltage相序phase sequence正序positive / abc sequence负序negative / acb sequence相电流phase current线电流line currentChapter 13 Steady-State Response of PeriodicExcitation周期性非正弦激励nonsinusoidal periodic excitation三角形式的付里叶级数trigonometric Fourier series指数形式的付里叶级数exponential Fourier series付里叶系数Fourier coefficient基波fundamental harmonic基波频率fundamental frequency谐波harmonic wave高次谐波higher harmonic频谱frequency spectrum谱线spectrum line线状频谱line spectrum奇次odd偶次even奇对称odd symmetry偶对称even symmetry半波对称half-wave symmetry帕斯瓦尔定理Parseval’s theoremChapter 14 Fourier Transformation andLaplace Transformation付里叶变换Fourier transformation拉普拉斯变换Laplace transformation原函数original function象函数transform function积分变换integral transformation频域frequency domain幅度谱amplitude spectrum相位谱phase spectrum矩形脉冲rectangular pulse线性性质linearity时域微分time differentiation时域积分time integration时域平移time shift频域平移frequency shift拉普拉斯反变换inverse Laplace transformation 拉普拉斯变换对Laplace pairsChapter 15 Two-port Networks端口port二端口网络two-port network四端网络four-terminal network / quadripole Z参数impedance parametersY参数admittance parametersH参数Hybrid parametersT参数Transmission parameters策动点driving point(二端口)级联cascade connection传播常数transmission constantChapter 16 Basis of Network Graph Theory 图graph拓扑图topological graph子图subgraph连通图connected graph有向图oriented graph树tree树支tree branch连支link割集cut set降阶关联矩阵reduced incidence matrix增广矩阵augmented matrix秩rank基本回路矩阵fundamental loop matrix基本割集矩阵fundamental cut set matrix单位阵unit matrix转置阵transposed matrix正定矩阵positive definite matrix非奇异矩阵nonsingular matrix逆矩阵inverse matrix方阵square matrix零矩阵zero matrix行列式determinantChapter 17 State Variables Approach状态变量state variable状态方程state equation状态空间state space列向量column vector特征值characteristic value特征向量characteristic vector特征方程characteristic equation相似矩阵similar matrixChapter 18 Nonlinear Dynamic Circuits非线性时变电路nonlinear time-varying circuit自治电路非自治电路前向欧拉法forward Eular’s method后向欧拉法backward Eular’s method相平面状态平面state planar相轨线中心点焦点节点鞍点平衡点稳定性stability渐近稳定asymptotic stabilityChapter 19 Distributed Circuits分布参数电路distributed circuit传输线transmission line均匀传输线uniform transmission line 反射reflection透射transmission波长wave length波速wave speed行波traveling wave驻波standing wave正向行波direct wave反向行波returning wave波阻抗wave impedance波前wave front传播常数propagation constant Appendix Magnetic Circuit磁路magnetic circuit铁磁物质ferromagnetic substance磁导率magnetic permeability磁感应强度magnetic induction磁通magnetic flux磁链magnetic linkage磁通势magnetomotive force磁通密度magnetic flux density磁通连续性定理principle of continuity of magnetic flux 磁场强度magnetic flux intensity磁阻reluctance磁导permeance安培环路定理principle of Ampere loop circuit磁化曲线magnetization curve磁滞回线hysteresis loop磁滞hysteresis涡流eddy current涡流损失eddy current loss集肤效应skin effect漏磁通leakage flux磁饱和magnetic saturation电磁感应定律law of electromagnetic induction励磁电流exciting current《电工学上》中英名词对照表一阶电路first-order circuitV形曲线V curve三相电路three-phase circuit三相功率three-phase power三相三线制three-phase three-wire system三相四线制three-phase four-wire system三相变压器three-phase transformer三角形联接trianular connection三角波triangular wave三相异步电动机three-phase induction motor 支路branch支路电流法branch current method中性点neutral point中性线neutral conductor中央处理器centre processing unit（CPU）互感mutual inductance介电常数permittivity of the dielectric瓦特Watt功率表powermeter无功功率reactive power韦伯Weber反电动势counter emf反相opposite in phase反馈控制feedback control方框图block diagram开路open circuit开关switch水轮发电机water-wheel generator功work功率power功率因数power factor功率三角形power triangle功率角power angle电能electric energy 电荷electric charge电场electric field电场强度electric field intensity电位electric potential电位差electric potential difference 电位升potential rise电位降potential drop电位计potentiometer电压voltage电压三角形voltage triangle电动势electromotive force（emf）电源source电压源voltage source电流源current source电路circuit电路分析circuit analysis电路元件circuit element电路模型circuit model电流current电流密度current density电流互感器current transformer电阻resistance电阻器resistor电阻性电路resistive circuit电阻率resistivity电导conductance电导率conductivity电容capacitance电容器capacitor电容性电路capacitive circuit电感inductance电感器inductor电感性电路inductive circuit电桥bridge电机electric machine电磁转矩electromagnetic torque电角度electrical degree电枢armature电枢反应armature reaction电工测量electrical measurement电磁式仪表electromagnetic instrument电动式仪表electrodynamic instrument平均值average value平均功率average power正极positive pole正方向positive direction正弦量sinusoid正弦电流sinusoidal current结点node结点电压法node voltage method对称三相电路symmetrical three-phase circuit 主磁通main flux外特性external characteristic发送机transmitter他励发电机separately excited generator可编程控制器programmable controller（PLC）安培Ampere电流表currenter安匝ampere-turns伏特V olt电压表valeage伏安特性曲线volt-ampere characteristic有效值effective value有功功率active power交流电路alternating current circuit (a-ccircuit) 交流电机alternating-current machine自感self-inductance自感电动势self-induced emf自耦变压器autotransformer自励发电机self-excited generator自整角机selsyns 自动控制automatic control自动调节automatic regulation自锁self-locking负极negative pole负载load负载线load line负反馈negative feedback动态电阻dynamic resistance并联parallel connection并联谐振parallel resonance并励发电机shunt d-c generator并励电动机shunt d-c motor并励绕组shunt field vending同步发电机synchronous generator同步电动机synchronous motor同步转速synchronous speed同相in phase机械特性torque-speed characteristic过励overexcitation执行元件servo-unit传递函数transfer function传感器transducer闭环控制closed loop control回路loop网络network导体conductor导纳admittance阶跃电压step voltage全电流定律law of total current全响应complete response麦克斯韦Maxwell基尔霍失电流定律Kirchhof f’s current law （KCL）基尔霍失电压定律Kirchhof’s voltage law（KVL）库仑Coulomb亨利Henry角频率angular frequency串联series connection串联谐振series resonance串励绕组series field winding阻抗impedance阻抗三角形impedance triangle阻转矩counter torque初相位initial phase时间常数time constant时域分析time domain analysis时间继电器time-delay relay励磁电流exciting current励磁机exciter励磁绕组field winding励磁电流exciting current励磁变阻器field rheostat两相异步电动机two-phase induction motor 两功率表法two-powermeter method伺服电动机servomotor步进电动机stepping motor步距角stepangle汽轮发电机turboalternator直流电路direct current circuit (d-c cir-cuit) 直流电机direct-current machine法拉Farad空载no-load空载特性open-circuit characteristic空气隙air gap非线性电阻nonlinear resistance非正弦周期电流nonsinusoidal periodic受控电源controlled source变压器transformer变比ration of transformation变阻器rheostat线电压line voltage线电流line current线圈coil线性电阻linear resistance 周期period参考电位reference potential参数parameter视在功率apparent power定子stator转子rotor转子电流rotor current转差率slip转速speed转矩torque组合开关switchgroup制动braking单相异步电动机single-phase induction motor 相phase相电压phase voltage相电流phase current相位差phase difference相位角phase angle相序phase sequence相量phasor相量图phasor diagram响应response星形联接star connection复数complex number阻抗impedance导纳admittance复励发电机compound d-c generator欧姆Ohm欧姆定律Ohm's law等效电路equivalent circuit品质因数quality factor绝缘insulation绝缘体insulator显极转子salient poles rotor测速发电机tachometer generator绕组winding绕线式转子wound rotor起动starting起动电流starting current起动转矩starting torque起动按钮start button容抗capacitive reactance容纳capacitive susceptance诺顿定理Norton's theorem高斯Gauss原动机prime mover原绕组primary winding铁心core铁损core loss矩形波rectangular wave特征方程characteristic equation积分电路integrating circuit效率efficiency振荡放电oscill tory discharge继电器relay热继电器thermal overload relay（OLR）换向器commutator调节特性regulating characteristic调速speed regulation继电接触器控制relay-contactor control 副绕组secondary winding铜损copper loss基波fundamental harmonic谐波harmonic谐振频率resonant frequency通频带bandwidth理想电压源ideal voltage source理想电流源ideal current source减幅振荡attenuated oscillation常开触点normally open contact常闭触点normally closed contact停止stopping停止按钮stop button接收机receiver 接触器contactor控制电动机control motor控制电路control circuit旋转磁场rotating magnetic field隐极转子nonsalient poles rotor涡流eddy current涡流损耗eddy-current loss焦耳Joule奥斯特Oersted短路short circuit锯齿波sawtooth wave幅值amplitude最大值maximum value最大转矩maximum（breakdown）torque 滞后lag超前lead傅里叶级数Fourier series暂态transient state暂态分量transient component等幅振荡unattenuated oscillation联锁interlocking感抗inductive reactance感纳inductive susceptance感应电动势induced emf楞次定则Lenz's law频率frequency频域分析frequency domain analysis频谱spectrum输入input输出output微法microfarad微分电路differentiating circuit叠加原理superposition theorem零状态响应zero-state response零输入响应zero-input response罩极式电动机shaded-pole motor滑环slip ring鼠笼式转子squirrel-cage rotor截止角频率cutoff angular frequency 滤波器filters磁场magnetic field磁场强度magnetizing farce磁路magnetic circuit磁通flux磁感应强度flux density磁通势magnetomotive force（mmf）磁阻reluctance磁导率permeability磁化magnetization磁化曲线magnetization curve磁滞hysteresis磁滞回线hysteresis loop磁滞损耗hysteresis loss磁极pol磁电式仪表magnetoelectric instrument 漏磁通leakage flux漏磁电感leakage inductance漏磁电动势leakage emf赫兹Hertz稳态steady state稳态分量steady state component静态电阻static resistance碳刷carbon brush额定值rated value额定rated voltage额定功率rated power额定转矩tated torque瞬时值instantaneous value戴维宁定理Thevenin's theorem激励excitation满载full load槽fuse熔断器fuse《电工学下》中英名词对照表二画PN结PN junctionP型半导体P-type semiconductorJK触发器JK flip-flopD触发器 D flip-flop二极管diode二进制binary system二进制计数器binary counter十进制decimal system十进制计数器decimal counter二—十进制binary coded decimal system（BCD）三画RC选频网络RC selection frequency networkRS触发器RS flip-flopN型半导体N-type semiconductorN沟道N-channel门电路gate circuit三态逻辑门tri-state logic gate三相整流器three-phase rectifier工作点operating point干扰interference上升沿rise edge下降沿fall edge四画方框图block diagram双稳态触发器bistable flip-flop无稳态触发器astable flip-flop无输出变压器功率放大器output transformerless（OTL）power amplifier 无输出电容器功率放大器output capacitorless（OCL）power amplifier反向电阻backward resistance反向偏置backward bias反向击穿reverse breakdown反相器inverter反馈feedback反馈系数feedback coefficient互补对称功率放大器complementary symmetry power amplifier少数载流子minority carrier 分立电路discrete circuit分贝decibel（DB）分频frequency division分辨率resolution开启电压threshold voltage开关型直流电源switching mode direct power supply计数器counter与门AND gate与非门NAND gate与或非门and-or-invert（AOI）gate卡诺图Karnaugh map五画电感滤波器inductance filter电容滤波器capacitor filter电流放大系数current amplification coefficient电压放大器voltage amplifier电压放大倍数voltage gain电压比较器voltage comparator主从型触发器master-slave flip-flop失真distortion只读存储器read only memory（ROM）可编程逻辑器件programmable logic device（PLD）可关断晶闸管gate turn-off thyristor （GTO）功率放大器power amplifier功率晶体管giant transistor（GTR）正向电阻forward resistance正向偏置forward bias正反馈positive feedback正弦波振荡器sinusoidal oscillator正逻辑positive logic击穿breakdown占空比duty ratio加法器adder发射极emitter发光二极管light- emitting diode（LED）布尔代数Boolean algebra半波可控整流half -wave controlled rectifier半波整流器half -wave rectifier半加器half-adder半导体semiconductor本征半导体intrinsic semiconductor失调电压offset voltage失调电流offset current平均延迟时间average delay time六画共模信号common-mode signal共模输入common-mode input共模抑制比common-mode rejection ratio （CMRR）共发射极接法common-emitter configuration共价键covalent bond动态dynamics杂质impurity伏安特性volt-ampere characteristics扩散diffusion全波整流器biphase（full –wave）rectifier 全波可控整流biphase controlled rectifier 全加器full adder全局布线区global routing pool（GRP）负反馈negative feedback负载电阻load resistance负载线load line负电阻negative resistance负逻辑negative logic夹断电压pinch-off voltage多级放大器multistage amplifier多数载流子majority carrier多谐振荡器astable multivibrator自由电子free electron自激振荡器self-excited oscillator自偏压self-bias导通on导电沟道conductive在系统可编程in system programmable （ISP）异或门exclusive-OR gate异步二进制计数器asynchronous binary counter同步二进制计数器synchronous binary counter同或门exclusive-NOR gate发光二极管light- emitting diode（LED）场效晶体管field-effect transistor（FET）光敏电阻photo-sensitive resistor光电二极管photodiode光电晶体管phototransistor 光电藕合器photocoupler传输门transmission gate（TG）传输特性transfer characteristics七画运算放大器operational amplifier低频放大器low-frequency amplifier时钟脉冲clock pulse时序逻辑电路sequential logic circuit谷点valley point译码器decipherer阻容—耦合放大器resistance-capacitance coupled amplifier阻断interception阻挡层barrier采样保持sample and hold串联型稳压电源series voltage rgulator八画空穴hole空间电荷区space-charge layer固定偏置fixed-bias直接耦合放大器direct- coupled amplifier 单稳态触发器monostable flip-flop单结晶体管unijuction transistor（UJT）金属—氧化物—半导体metal-oxide-semiconductor（MOS）非门NOT gate非线性失真nonlinear diatortion或门OR gate或非门NOR gate饱和saturation转移特性transfer characteristic定时器timer参数parameter参考电压reference voltage组合逻辑电路combinational logic circuit九画穿透电流penetration current复合recombination复合晶体管Darlington复位reset差放放大器differential amplifier差模信号differential-mode signal差模输人differential-mode input绝缘栅双极型晶体管insulated gate bipolar transistor（IGBT）绝缘栅场效晶体管isolated-gatefield-effect transistor（IGFET）栅极gate，grid恒流源constant current source通用逻辑块generic logic block（GLB）通用阵列逻辑generic array logic（GAL）脉冲pulse脉冲宽度pulse width脉冲幅度pulse amplitude脉冲周期pulse period脉冲前沿pulse leading edge脉冲后沿pulse trailing edge十画桥式整流器bridge rectifier旁路电容bypass capacitor射极输出器emitter follower振荡器oscillator振荡频率oscillation frequency耗尽层depletion layer耗尽型MOS场效晶体管depletion mode MOSFET载流子carrier硅silicon硅稳压二极管Zener diode峰点peak point热敏电阻thermistor十一画逻辑门1ogic gates逻辑电路1ogic circuit基极base控制极control grid偏流current bias偏置电路biasing circuit接地ground，grounding；earth，earthing 虚地imaginary ground维持电流holding current基本RS触发器basic RS flip-flop随机存取存储器random access memory （RAM）寄存器register移位寄存器shift register清零clear掺杂半导体doped semiconductor十二画晶体crstal晶体管transistor晶体管—晶体管逻辑电路transistor- transistor logic （TTL）circuit编码coding晶闸管thyristor集成电路integrated circuit（IC）集电极collector幅频特性amplitude frequency-response characteristic编码器encoder最小项miniterm十三画源极sourse滤波器filter数字电路digital circuit数字集成电路digital integrated circuit数码显示digital display数—模转换器digital-analog converter （DAC）数据选择器multiplexer数据分配器demultiplexer锗germanium输入输出单元input output cell（IOC）输入电阻input resistance输出电阻output resistance输出布线区output routing pool（ORP）输出逻辑宏单元output logic macro cell （OLMC）零点漂移zero drift跨导transconductance触发器flip-flop十四画截止cut-off漂移drift静态statics静态工作点quiescent point漏极drain模—数转换器analog - digital converter （ADC）模拟电路analog circuit稳压二极管Zener diode十五画整流电路rectifier circuit增强型MOS场效晶体管enhancement mode MOSFET。
外文翻译--电路变量和电路元件-精品
文献翻译英文原文：Circuit variables and circuit elementsElectrical and computer engineering are exciting and challenging professions for anyone who has a genuine interest in, and aptitude for, applied science and mathematics. Over the past century and a half, electrical and computer engineers have played dominant role in the development of systems that have changed the way people live and work. Satellite communication links, telephone, digital computers, televisions, diagnostic and surgical medical equipment, assembly-line robots, and electrical power tools are representative components of systems that define a modern technological society. As an electrical or computer engineer, you can participate in this ongoing technological revolution by improving and refining there exciting systems and by discovering and developing new systems to meet the needs of our eve-changing society.We begin our study with an overview of circuit. This followed by an introduction to the concept of voltage, current, the basic circuit elements, power, and energy. Next we introduce both independent and dependent voltage and current sources. We conclude this introductory chapter with a discussion of electrical resistance, ohm law, and kirchhoff’s laws.1.1 circuit analysis: an overviewBefore becoming involved in the details of circuit analysis, we need to take a broad look at engineering design, specifically the design of electric circuit. The purpose of this overview provides you with a perspective on where circuit analysis fits within the whole of circuit design. Even though this book focuses on circuit analysis we try to provide opportunities for circuit design where appropriate.All engineering design with a need, as shown in fig.1.1.this need may come from the desire to improve on an existing design, or it may be something brand-new. A careful assessment of the need results in design specification, which are measurable characteristics of a proposed design. Once a design is proposed, the design specifications allow us to assess whether or not the design actually meets the need.A concept for the design comes next. The concept derives from a complete understanding of the design specifications coupled with an insight into the need, which comes from education and experience. The concept may be realized as a sketch, as a written description, or kin some other form. Often the next step is to translate theconcept into a mathematical model.a commonly used mathematical model for electrical and computer systems is a circuit model.Circuit which meets design specifications PhysicalinsightFigure 1.1 a conceptual model for electrical engineering designThe elements that comprise the circuit model are called ideal circuit component. An ideal circuit component is a mathematical of an actual electrical component, like a battery or a light bulb. It is important for the ideal circuit component used in a circuit model to represent the behavior of the actual electrical component to an acceptable degree of accuracy. The tools of circuit analysis, the focus of this book, are then applied to the circuit. Circuit analysis is based on mathematical techniques and is used to predict the behavior of the circuit model and its ideal circuit components. A comparison between the desired behavior, from the design specifications, and the predicted behavior, from circuit analysis, may lead to refinement in the circuit model and its ideal circuit elements. Once the desired and predicted behaviors are in the circuit model and its ideal circuit elements, a physical prototype can be constructed.The physical prototype is an actual electrical system, constructed from actual electrical components. Measurement techniques are used to determine the actual quantitative behavior of the physical system. This actual behavior from circuit analysis. The comparisons may result in refinements to the physical prototype, the circuit model, or both. Eventually, this iterative process, in which models, components, and systems are continually refined, may produce a design that accurately matches the design specifications and thus meets the need.From this description, it is clear that circuit analysis play a very important role in the design process. Because circuit analysis is applied to circuit models, practicingengineers try to use mature circuit models so that the resulting designs will meet the design specifications in the first iteration. In this book, we use models that have been tested for between20 and 100 years; you can assume that they are mature. The ability to model actual electrical systems with ideal circuit elements makes circuit theory extremely useful to engineers.Saying that the interconnection of ideal circuit elements can be used to quantitatively predict the behavior of a system implies that we can describe the interconnection with mathematical equations. For the mathematical equations to be useful, we must write them in terms of measurable quantities. In the case circuit, these quantities are voltage and current, which we discuss in section 1.2. The study of circuit analysis involves understanding the behavior of each ideal circuit element in terms of its voltage and current and understanding the constraints imposed on the voltage and current as a result of interconnecting the ideal elements.1.2 voltage，current, and the basic circuit elementsIn the circuit theory, the separation of charge creates an electric force (voltage), and the motion of charge creates an electric fluid(current).The concept of voltage and current are useful from an engineering point of view because they can separated, energy is expended. V oltage is the energy per unit charge created by the separation. We express this ratio in differential for asV=dw/dq 1.1The electrical effects caused by charges in motion depend on the rate of charge flow. The rate of charge flow is known as the electric current, which is expressed asI=dq/dt 1.2Equation (1.1) and (1.2) are definitions for the magnitude of voltage and current, respectively. The bipolar nature of electric charge requires that we assign polarity references to these variables. We do so in the next section.Although current is made up of discrete, moving electrons, we do not need to consider them individually because of the enormous number of them. Rather, we can think of electrons and their corresponding charge as one smoothly flowing entity. Thus, I is as a continuous variable.One advantage of using circuit models is that we can model a component strictly in terms of the voltage and current at its terminals. Thus two physically different component could have the same relationship between the terminals. We can analysis its behavior in a circuit.参考译文：电路变量和电路元件对于任何人即便是那些对应用科学和数学有真正兴趣或天赋人来说,电气和计算机工程学是令人振奋和具有挑战性的职业。
电路分析英文Lecture 7
d eN dt
5
Sinusoidal ac Voltage Characteristics and Definitions
Generation Wind power and solar power energy are receiving increased interest from various districts of the world.
The time required to complete one revolution is equal to the period (T) of the sinusoidal waveform. The radians subtended in this time interval are 2.
Therefore, there are 2 rad around a 360° circle, as shown in the figure.
17
The Sine Wave
The quantity is the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter. For 180° and 360°, the two units of measurement are related as follows:
1 f T
(hertz, Hz)
12
Example 2
13
Example 3
14
Sinusoidal ac Voltage Characteristics and Definitions
Defined polarities and direction
The polarity and current direction will be for an instant in time in the positive portion of the sinusoidal waveform. In the figure, a lowercase letter is employed for polarity and current direction to indicate that the quantity is time dependent; that is, its magnitude will change with time.
电路分析基础英文版课程设计
IntroductionCircuit analysis is the process of solving mathematical equations in order to determine how electric current flows in a circuit. It is an essential skill for anyone interested in electronic design, as it allows us to predict the performance of a circuit before it is built, saving time and resources. In this document, we will be discussing the foundational principles of circuit analysis and circuits in general, in the context of an English-language course.ObjectivesThe objectives of this course are to:•Learn the fundamental principles of circuits, including voltage, current, resistance, and power•Understand how to apply Ohm’s law and Kirchhoff’s laws to analyze simple circuits•Gn familiarity with circuit elements such as resistors, capacitors, and inductors, and how they affect circuit behavior •Explore more complex circuits, including those contning voltage and current sources and those with multiple loops andnodes•Learn how to use simulation software to predict circuit performance.TopicsUnit 1: Introduction to Circuits•Definition of a circuit: series and parallel circuits.•Basic circuit elements: voltage sources, resistors, capacitors, and inductors.•Voltage, current, resistance, and power: Ohm’s law and its application.Unit 2: Circuit Analysis Techniques•Kirchhoff’s voltage law and Kirchhoff’s current law.•Circuit analysis using nodal and mesh analysis.•Superposition principle and Thevenin’s theorem.Unit 3: Capacitors and Inductors•Capacitors: capacitance, charge, voltage, current, and energy storage.•Inductors: inductance, magnetic field, voltage, current, and energy storage.•Series and parallel combination of capacitors and inductors. Unit 4: AC Circuits•AC voltage and current: peak, root mean square, and average values.•Sinusoidal waveforms: equations, phasors, and frequency domn analysis.•AC circuits contning resistors, capacitors, and inductors: impedance, admittance, and phase angle.Unit 5: More Complex Circuits•Voltage and current sources: DC and AC sources, independent and dependent sources.•Circuit analysis with multiple loops and nodes: nodal and mesh analysis.•Maximum power transfer theorem and impedance matching.Unit 6: Circuit Simulation•Introduction to simulation software: Circuit Simulator, LTSpice, and MATLAB.•Simulation of basic and intermediate circuits.•Circuit simulation using MATLAB live scripts.AssessmentThe course will be assessed through a combination of in-class participation, homework assignments, and exams. Homework problems willbe assigned regularly and graded for accuracy and completeness. Examswill cover the material discussed in class and in the homework assignments. In-class participation will be assessed based on attendance, active participation in class discussions, and engagement with class material.ConclusionThis course provides a foundation in circuit analysis that is essential for anyone interested in electronic design. By emphasizing the fundamental principles of circuits and the methods used to analyze them,students will gn a deeper understanding of circuit behavior and be better equipped to design and troubleshoot electronic circuits.。
CircuitAnalysis(电路分析基础英文版实用)
Prof. C.K. Tse: Basic Circuit
Analysis
18
Star-to-delta conversion
Y (star)
For the Y circuit, we consider summing up all currents into the centre node: I1+I2+I3=0, where
3
Power and energy
Work done in moving a charge dq from A to B having a potential difference of V is
W = V dq
A
dq
B
Power is work done per unit time, i.e.,
Prof. C.K. Tse: Basic Circuit
Analysis
15
Example (something that can be done with series/parallel reduction)
Consider this circuit, which is created deliberately so that you can solve it using series/parallel reduction technique. Find V2. Solution: Resistance seen by the voltage source is
Is there some ad hoc solution?
Prof. C.K. Tse: Basic Circuit
Analysis
17
Equivalence of star and delta
电子专业中英文词汇翻译
电子专业词汇的中英文对照电路的基本概念及定律电源source电压源voltage source电流源current source理想电压源ideal voltage source理想电流源ideal current source伏安特性volt-ampere characteristic 电动势electromotive force电压voltage电流current电位potential电位差potential difference欧姆Ohm伏特Volt安培Ampere瓦特Watt焦耳Joule电路circuit电路元件circuit element电阻resistance电阻器resistor电感inductance电感器inductor电容capacitance电容器capacitor电路模型circuit model参考方向reference direction参考电位reference potential欧姆定律Ohm’s law基尔霍夫定律Kirchhoff’s law基尔霍夫电压定律Kirchhoff’s voltage law（KVL）基尔霍夫电流定律Kirchhoff’s current law（KCL）结点node支路branch回路loop网孔mesh支路电流法branch current analysis网孔电流法mesh current analysis结点电位法node voltage analysis电源变换source transformations叠加原理superposition theorem网络network无源二端网络passive two-terminal network有源二端网络active two-terminal network戴维宁定理Thevenin’s theorem诺顿定理Norton’s theorem开路（断路）open circuit短路short circuit开路电压open-circuit voltage短路电流short-circuit current交流电路直流电路direct current circuit (dc)交流电路alternating current circuit (ac)正弦交流电路sinusoidal a-c circuit平均值average value有效值effective value均方根值root-mean-squire value (rms) 瞬时值instantaneous value电抗reactance感抗inductive reactance容抗capacitive reactance法拉Farad亨利Henry阻抗impedance复数阻抗complex impedance相位phase初相位initial phase相位差phase difference相位领先phase lead相位落后phase lag倒相，反相phase inversion频率frequency角频率angular frequency赫兹Hertz相量phasor相量图phasor diagram有功功率active power无功功率reactive power视在功率apparent power功率因数power factor功率因数补偿power-factor compensation串联谐振series resonance并联谐振parallel resonance谐振频率resonance frequency频率特性frequency characteristic幅频特性amplitude-frequency response characteristic相频特性phase-frequency response characteristic截止频率cutoff frequency品质因数quality factor 通频带pass-band带宽bandwidth (BW)滤波器filter一阶滤波器first-order filter二阶滤波器second-order filter低通滤波器low-pass filter高通滤波器high-pass filter带通滤波器band-pass filter带阻滤波器band-stop filter转移函数transfer function波特图Bode diagram傅立叶级数Fourier series三相电路三相电路three-phase circuit三相电源three-phase source对称三相电源symmetrical three-phase source对称三相负载symmetrical three-phase load相电压phase voltage相电流phase current线电压line voltage线电流line current三相三线制three-phase three-wire system三相四线制three-phase four-wire system三相功率three-phase power星形连接star connection(Y-connection) 三角形连接triangular connection(D- connection ,delta connection)中线neutral line电路的暂态过程分析暂态transient state稳态steady state暂态过程，暂态响应transient response 换路定理low of switch一阶电路first-order circuit三要素法three-factor method时间常数time constant积分电路integrating circuit微分电路differentiating circuit磁路与变压器磁场magnetic field磁通flux磁路magnetic circuit磁感应强度flux density磁通势magnetomotive force磁阻reluctance电动机直流电动机dc motor交流电动机ac motor异步电动机asynchronous motor同步电动机synchronous motor三相异步电动机three-phase asynchronous motor单相异步电动机single-phase asynchronous motor旋转磁场rotating magnetic field定子stator转子rotor转差率slip起动电流starting current起动转矩starting torque额定电压rated voltage 额定电流rated current额定功率rated power机械特性mechanical characteristic继电器-接触器控制按钮button熔断器fuse开关switch行程开关travel switch继电器relay接触器contactor常开(动合)触点normally open contact 常闭(动断)触点normally closed contact 时间继电器time relay热继电器thermal overload relay中间继电器intermediate relay可编程控制器（PLC）可编程控制器programmable logic controller语句表statement list梯形图ladder diagram半导体器件本征半导体intrinsic semiconductor掺杂半导体doped semiconductorP型半导体P-type semiconductorN型半导体N--type semiconductor自由电子free electron空穴hole载流子carriersPN结PN junction扩散diffusion漂移drift二极管diode硅二极管silicon diode锗二极管germanium diode阳极anode阴极cathode发光二极管light-emitting diode (LED) 光电二极管photodiode稳压二极管Zener diode晶体管（三极管）transistorPNP型晶体管PNP transistorNPN型晶体管NPN transistor发射极emitter集电极collector基极base电流放大系数current amplification coefficient场效应管field-effect transistor (FET) P沟道p-channelN沟道n-channel结型场效应管junction FET（JFET）金属氧化物半导体metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS)耗尽型MOS场效应管depletion mode MOSFET（D-MOSFET）增强型MOS场效应管enhancement mode MOSFET（E-MOSFET）源极source栅极grid漏极drain跨导transconductance夹断电压pinch-off voltage热敏电阻thermistor开路open短路shorted 基本放大器放大器amplifier正向偏置forward bias反向偏置backward bias静态工作点quiescent point (Q-point)等效电路equivalent circuit电压放大倍数voltage gain总的电压放大倍数overall voltage gain 饱和saturation截止cut-off放大区amplifier region饱和区saturation region截止区cut-off region失真distortion饱和失真saturation distortion截止失真cut-off distortion零点漂移zero drift正反馈positive feedback负反馈negative feedback串联负反馈series negative feedback并联负反馈parallel negative feedback 共射极放大器common-emitter amplifier 射极跟随器emitter-follower共源极放大器common-source amplifier 共漏极放大器common-drain amplifier 多级放大器multistage amplifier阻容耦合放大器resistance-capacitance coupled amplifier直接耦合放大器direct- coupled amplifier输入电阻input resistance输出电阻output resistance负载电阻load resistance动态电阻dynamic resistance负载电流load current旁路电容bypass capacitor耦合电容coupled capacitor直流通路direct current path交流通路alternating current path直流分量direct current component交流分量alternating current component 变阻器（电位器）rheostat电阻（器）resistor电阻（值）resistance电容（器）capacitor电容（量）capacitance电感（器，线圈）inductor电感（量），感应系数inductance正弦电压sinusoidal voltage集成运算放大器及应用差动放大器differential amplifier运算放大器operationalamplifier(op-amp)失调电压offset voltage失调电流offset current共模信号common-mode signal差模信号different-mode signal共模抑制比common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR)积分电路integrator（circuit）微分电路differentiator（circuit）有源滤波器active filter低通滤波器low-pass filter高通滤波器high-pass filter带通滤波器band-pass filter带阻滤波器band-stop filter 波特沃斯滤波器Butterworth filter切比雪夫滤波器Chebyshev filter贝塞尔滤波器Bessel filter截止频率cut-off frequency上限截止频率upper cut-off frequency下限截止频率lower cut-off frequency中心频率center frequency带宽Bandwidth开环增益open-loop gain闭环增益closed-loop gain共模增益common-mode gain输入阻抗input impedance电压跟随器voltage-follower电压源voltage source电流源current source单位增益带宽unity-gain bandwidth频率响应frequency response频响特性（曲线）response characteristic 波特图the Bode plot稳定性stability补偿compensation比较器comparator迟滞比较器hysteresis comparator阶跃输入电压step input voltage仪表放大器instrumentation amplifier隔离放大器isolation amplifier对数放大器log amplifier反对数放大器antilog amplifier反馈通道feedback path反向漏电流reverse leakage current相位phase相移phase shift锁相环phase-locked loop(PLL)锁相环相位监测器PLL phase detector 和频sum frequency差频difference frequency波形发生电路振荡器oscillatorRC振荡器RC oscillatorLC振荡器LC oscillator正弦波振荡器sinusoidal oscillator三角波发生器triangular wave generator 方波发生器square wave generator幅度magnitude电平level饱和输出电平（电压）saturated output level功率放大器功率放大器power amplifier交越失真cross-over distortion甲类功率放大器class A power amplifier 乙类推挽功率放大器class B push-pull power amplifierOTL功率放大器output transformerless power amplifierOCL功率放大器output capacitorless power amplifier直流稳压电源半波整流full-wave rectifier全波整流half-wave rectifier电感滤波器inductor filter电容滤波器capacitor filter串联型稳压电源series (voltage) regulator开关型稳压电源switching (voltage) regulator集成稳压器IC (voltage) regulator 晶闸管及可控整流电路晶闸管thyristor单结晶体管unijunction transistor（UJT）可控整流controlled rectifier可控硅silicon-controlled rectifier峰点peak point谷点valley point控制角controlling angle导通角turn-on angle门电路与逻辑代数二进制binary二进制数binary number十进制decimal十六进制hexadecimal二-十进制binary coded decimal （BCD）门电路gate三态门tri-state gate与门AND gate或门OR gate非门NOT gate与非门NAND gate或非门NOR gate异或门exclusive-OR gate反相器inverter布尔代数Boolean algebra真值表truth table卡诺图the Karnaugh map逻辑函数logic function逻辑表达式logic expression组合逻辑电路组合逻辑电路combination logic circuit 译码器decoder编码器coder比较器comparator半加器half-adder全加器full-adder七段显示器seven-segment display 时序逻辑电路时序逻辑电路sequential logic circuit R-S 触发器R-S flip-flopD触发器D flip-flopJ-K触发器J-K flip-flop主从型触发器master-slave flip-flop 置位set复位reset直接置位端direct-set terminal直接复位端direct-reset terminal寄存器register移位寄存器shift register双向移位寄存器bidirectional shift register计数器counter同步计数器synchronous counter异步计数器asynchronous counter 加法计数器adding counter减法计数器subtracting counter定时器timer清除（清0）clear载入load时钟脉冲clock pulse触发脉冲trigger pulse上升沿positive edge下降沿negative edge 时序图timing diagram波形图waveform脉冲波形的产生与整形单稳态触发器monostable flip-flop双稳态触发器bistable flip-flop无稳态振荡器astable oscillator晶体crystal555定时器555 timer模拟信号与数字信号的相互转换模拟信号analog signal数字信号digital signalAD转换器analog -digital converter (ADC) DA转换器digital-analog converter (DAC)半导体存储器只读存储器read-only memory（ROM）随机存取存储器random-access memory（RAM）可编程ROM programmable ROM （PROM）Linear Control System(线性系统), Single Input Single Output(单输入单输出), Laplace Transform(拉普拉斯变换), Differential Equations(微分方程), Transfer Functions(传递函数), Models of System(系统模型), Block Diagrams(方框图), Mason’s Gain Formula(梅森公式), First-order System(一阶系统), Second-order System(二阶系统), Higher-order System(高阶系统), Close-loop Control System(闭环控制系统), Stability(稳定性), Transient Response(瞬态响应), Routh-Hurwitz Stability Criterion(劳斯判据), Steady-state Accuracy(稳态精度), Root-locus(根轨迹), Root-locus Principles(根轨迹基本规则), Frequency Responses(频率响应), Bode Diagrams(波特图), Nyquist Criterion(奈氏判据), Relative Stability(相对稳定性).。
笔记本电路实用英语中文解释
笔记本电路实用英语中文解释电源 source电流源 current source理想电流源 ideal current source电动势 electromotive force电流 current电位差 potential difference伏特 Volt瓦特 Watt电路 circuit电阻 resistance电感 inductance电容 capacitance电路模型 circuit model参考电位 reference potential基尔霍夫定律Kirchhoff’s law基尔霍夫电流定律Kirchhoff’s current law(KCL)支路 branch网孔 mesh叠加原理 superposition theorem开路(断路)open circuit直流电路 direct current circuit (dc)正弦交流电路 sinusoidal a-c circuit有效值 effective value瞬时值 instantaneous value感抗 inductive reactance法拉 Farad阻抗 impedance相位 phase相位差 phase difference相位落后 phase lag频率 frequency赫兹 Hertz相量图 phasor diagram无功功率 reactive power功率因数 power factor串联谐振 series resonance谐振频率 resonance frequency幅频特性amplitude-frequency response characteristic截止频率 cutoff frequency通频带 pass-band滤波器 filter二阶滤波器 second-order filter高通滤波器 high-pass filter带阻滤波器 band-stop filter三相电路 three-phase circuit对称三相电源 symmetrical three-phase source相电压 phase voltage线电压 line voltage三相三线制 three-phase three-wire system三相功率 three-phase power暂态 transient state暂态响应 transient response积分电路 integrating circuit磁场magnetic field磁路 magnetic circuit磁通势 magnetomotive force机械特性 mechanical characteristic熔断器 fuse行程开关 travel switch接触器 contactor常闭(动断)触点 normally closed contact热继电器 thermal overload relay 可编程控制器 programmable logic controller(PLC)阳极 anode发光二极管 light-emitting diode (LED)稳压二极管 Zener diode发射极 emitter基极 base金属氧化物半导体 metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) 增强型MOS场效应管 enhancement mode MOSFET(E-MOSFET)栅极 grid跨导 transconductance热敏电阻 thermistor正向偏置 forward bias静态工作点 quiescent point电压放大倍数 voltage gain饱和 saturation放大区 amplifier region失真 distortion零点漂移 zero drift负反馈 negative feedback并联负反馈 parallel negative feedback射极跟随器 emitter-follower共漏极放大器 common-drain amplifier阻容耦合放大器 resistance-capacitance coupled amplifier 动态电阻 dynamic resistance耦合电容 coupled capacitor交流通路 alternating current path交流分量 alternating current component差动放大器 differential amplifier失调电压 offset voltage共模抑制比 common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR)比较器 comparator锁相环 phase-locked loop(PLL)和频 sum frequency振荡器 oscillatorLC振荡器 LC oscillator三角波发生器 triangular wave generator幅度 magnitude半波整流 full-wave rectifier串联型稳压电源 series (voltage) regulator集成稳压器 IC (voltage) regulator可控硅 silicon-controlled rectifier谷点 valley point三态门tri-state gate或门 OR gate与非门 NAND gate异或门 exclusive-OR gate真值表 truth table逻辑函数 logic function编码器 coder半加器 half-adder置位 set寄存器 register同步计数器 synchronous counter时序图 timing diagram清除(清0)clear时钟脉冲 clock pulse上升沿 positive edge无稳态振荡器 astable oscillator AD转换器analog -digital converter (ADC)电压源 voltage source理想电压源 ideal voltage source伏安特性 volt-ampere characteristic电压 voltage电位 potential欧姆 Ohm安培 Ampere焦耳 Joule电路元件 circuit element电阻器 resistor电感器 inductor电容器 capacitor参考方向 reference direction欧姆定律Ohm’s law基尔霍夫电压定律Kirchhoff’s voltage law(KVL)结点 node回路 loop电源变换 source transformations网络 network短路 short circuit交流电路 alternating current circuit (ac)平均值 average value均方根值root-mean-squire value (rms)电抗 reactance容抗 capacitive reactance亨利 Henry复数阻抗 complex impedance初相位 initial phase相位领先 phase lead反相 phase inversion角频率 angular frequency相量 phasor有功功率 active power视在功率 apparent power功率因数补偿 power-factor compensation并联谐振 parallel resonance率特性 frequency characteristic相频特性 phase-frequency response characteristic 品质因数 quality factor带宽 bandwidth一阶滤波器 first-order filter低通滤波器 low-pass filter带通滤波器 band-pass filter波特图 Bode diagram三相电源 three-phase source对称三相负载 symmetrical three-phase load相电流 phase curren线电流 line current三相四线制 three-phase four-wire system中线 neutral line稳态 steady state时间常数 time constant微分电路 differentiating circuit磁通 flux磁感应强度 flux density磁阻 reluctance控制按钮 button开关 switch继电器 relay常开(动合)触点 normally open contact时间继电器 time relay中间继电器 intermediate relay 电流放大系数 current amplification coefficient阴极 cathode光电二极管 photodiode晶体管(三极管) transistor集电极 collector场效应管 field-effect transistor (FET)耗尽型MOS场效应管 depletion mode MOSFET(D-MOSFET)源极 source漏极 drain夹断电压 pinch-off voltage放大器 amplifier反向偏置 backward bias等效电路 equivalent circuit总的电压放大倍数 overall voltage gain截止 cut-off饱和区 saturation region饱和失真 saturation distortion正反馈 positive feedback串联负反馈 series negative feedback共射极放大器 common-emitter amplifier共源极放大器 common-source amplifier多级放大器 multistage amplifier直接耦合放大器 direct- coupled amplifier旁路电容 bypass capacitor直流通路 direct current path直流分量 direct current component变阻器(电位器)rheostat运算放大器 operational amplifier(op-amp)失调电流 offset current仪表放大器 instrumentation amplifier迟滞比较器 hysteresis comparator锁相环相位监测器 PLL phase detector差频 difference frequencyRC振荡器 RC oscillator正弦波振荡器 sinusoidal oscillator方波发生器square wave generator电平level全波整流 half-wave rectifier开关型稳压电源 switching (voltage) regulator晶闸管 thyristor峰点 peak point导通角 turn-on angle与门 AND gate非门 NOT gate或非门 NOR gate反相器 inverter译码器 decoder比较器 comparator全加器 full-adderR-S 触发器 R-S flip-flop复位 reset计数器 counter定时器 timer波形图 waveform载入 load触发脉冲 trigger pulse下降沿 negative edge晶体 crystalDA转换器digital-analog converter (DAC)时序之源最后编辑于 2009-03-03 15:13:29举报 |时序之源2009-03-03 15:21 | 只看楼主树型| 收藏| 小中大 2#再发个更全的电路的基本概念及定律英语词汇整合∙组别:版主∙性别: 保密∙积分:547∙帖子:213电路的基本概念及定律电源 source电压源 voltage source电流源 current source理想电压源 ideal voltage source理想电流源 ideal current source伏安特性 volt-ampere characteristic电动势 electromotive force电压 voltage电流 current电位 potential电位差 potential difference欧姆 Ohm伏特 Volt安培 Ampere瓦特 Watt焦耳 Joule电路 circuit电路元件 circuit element电阻 resistance电阻器 resistor电感 inductance电感器 inductor电容 capacitance电容器 capacitor电路模型 circuit model参考方向 reference direction参考电位 reference potential欧姆定律Ohm’s law基尔霍夫定律Kirchhoff’s law基尔霍夫电压定律Kirchhoff’s voltage law（KVL）基尔霍夫电流定律Kirchhoff’s current law（KCL）结点 node支路 branch回路 loop网孔 mesh支路电流法 branch current analysis网孔电流法 mesh current analysis结点电位法 node voltage analysis电源变换 source transformations叠加原理 superposition theorem网络 network无源二端网络 passive two-terminal network 有源二端网络 active two-terminal network 戴维宁定理Thevenin’s theorem诺顿定理Norton’s theorem开路（断路）open circuit短路 short circuit开路电压 open-circuit voltage短路电流 short-circuit current交流电路直流电路 direct current circuit (dc)交流电路 alternating current circuit (ac) 正弦交流电路 sinusoidal a-c circuit平均值 average value有效值 effective value均方根值 root-mean-squire value (rms) 瞬时值 instantaneous value电抗 reactance感抗 inductive reactance容抗 capacitive reactance法拉 Farad亨利 Henry阻抗 impedance复数阻抗 complex impedance相位 phase初相位 initial phase相位差 phase difference相位领先 phase lead相位落后 phase lag倒相，反相 phase inversion频率 frequency角频率 angular frequency赫兹 Hertz相量 phasor相量图 phasor diagram有功功率 active power无功功率 reactive power视在功率 apparent power功率因数 power factor功率因数补偿 power-factor compensation串联谐振 series resonance并联谐振 parallel resonance谐振频率 resonance frequency频率特性 frequency characteristic幅频特性 amplitude-frequency response characteristic 相频特性 phase-frequency response characteristic截止频率 cutoff frequency品质因数 quality factor通频带 pass-band带宽 bandwidth (BW)滤波器 filter一阶滤波器 first-order filter二阶滤波器 second-order filter低通滤波器 low-pass filter高通滤波器 high-pass filter带通滤波器 band-pass filter带阻滤波器 band-stop filter转移函数 transfer function波特图 Bode diagram傅立叶级数 Fourier series三相电路三相电路 three-phase circuit三相电源 three-phase source对称三相电源 symmetrical three-phase source对称三相负载 symmetrical three-phase load相电压 phase voltage相电流 phase current线电压 line voltage线电流 line current三相三线制 three-phase three-wire system三相四线制 three-phase four-wire system三相功率 three-phase power星形连接 star connection(Y-connection)三角形连接 triangular connection(D- connection ,deltaconnection)中线 neutral line电路的暂态过程分析暂态 transient state稳态 steady state暂态过程，暂态响应 transient response换路定理 low of switch一阶电路 first-order circuit三要素法 three-factor method时间常数 time constant积分电路 integrating circuit微分电路 differentiating circuit磁路与变压器磁场 magnetic field磁通 flux磁路 magnetic circuit磁感应强度 flux density磁通势 magnetomotive force磁阻 reluctance电动机直流电动机 dc motor交流电动机 ac motor异步电动机 asynchronous motor同步电动机 synchronous motor三相异步电动机 three-phase asynchronous motor 单相异步电动机 single-phase asynchronous motor 旋转磁场 rotating magnetic field定子 stator转子 rotor转差率 slip起动电流 starting current起动转矩 starting torque额定电压 rated voltage额定电流 rated current额定功率 rated power机械特性 mechanical characteristic继电器-接触器控制按钮 button熔断器 fuse开关 switch行程开关 travel switch继电器 relay接触器 contactor常开(动合)触点 normally open contact常闭(动断)触点 normally closed contact时间继电器 time relay热继电器 thermal overload relay中间继电器 intermediate relay可编程控制器（PLC）可编程控制器 programmable logic controller语句表 statement list梯形图 ladder diagram半导体器件本征半导体 intrinsic semiconductor掺杂半导体 doped semiconductorP 型半导体 P-type semiconductorN 型半导体 N--type semiconductor自由电子 free electron空穴 hole载流子 carriersPN 结 PN junction扩散 diffusion漂移 drift二极管 diode硅二极管 silicon diode锗二极管 germanium diode阳极 anode阴极 cathode发光二极管 light-emitting diode (LED)光电二极管 photodiode稳压二极管 Zener diode晶体管（三极管） transistorPNP 型晶体管 PNP transistorNPN 型晶体管 NPN transistor发射极 emitter集电极 collector基极 base电流放大系数 current amplification coefficient 场效应管 field-effect transistor (FET)P 沟道 p-channelN 沟道 n-channel结型场效应管 junction FET（JFET）金属氧化物半导体 metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS)耗尽型 MOS 场效应管 depletion mode MOSFET（D-MOSFET）增强型 MOS 场效应管 enhancement mode MOSFET（E-MOSFET）源极 source栅极 grid漏极 drain跨导 transconductance夹断电压 pinch-off voltage热敏电阻 thermistor开路 open短路 shorted基本放大器放大器 amplifier正向偏置 forward bias反向偏置 backward bias静态工作点 quiescent point (Q-point)等效电路 equivalent circuit电压放大倍数 voltage gain总的电压放大倍数 overall voltage gain饱和 saturation截止 cut-off放大区 amplifier region饱和区 saturation region截止区 cut-off region失真 distortion饱和失真 saturation distortion截止失真 cut-off distortion零点漂移 zero drift正反馈 positive feedback负反馈 negative feedback串联负反馈 series negative feedback并联负反馈 parallel negative feedback共射极放大器 common-emitter amplifier射极跟随器 emitter-follower共源极放大器 common-source amplifier共漏极放大器 common-drain amplifier多级放大器 multistage amplifier阻容耦合放大器 resistance-capacitance coupled amplifier 直接耦合放大器 direct- coupled amplifier输入电阻 input resistance输出电阻 output resistance负载电阻 load resistance动态电阻 dynamic resistance负载电流 load current旁路电容 bypass capacitor耦合电容 coupled capacitor直流通路 direct current path交流通路 alternating current path直流分量 direct current component 交流分量 alternating current component变阻器（电位器）rheostat电阻（器）resistor电阻（值）resistance电容（器）capacitor电容（量）capacitance电感（器，线圈）inductor电感（量），感应系数 inductance正弦电压 sinusoidal voltage集成运算放大器及应用差动放大器 differential amplifier 运算放大器 operational amplifier(op-amp)失调电压 offset voltage失调电流 offset current共模信号 common-mode signal差模信号 different-mode signal共模抑制比 common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR) 积分电路 integrator（circuit）微分电路 differentiator（circuit）有源滤波器 active filter低通滤波器 low-pass filter高通滤波器 high-pass filter带通滤波器 band-pass filter带阻滤波器 band-stop filter波特沃斯滤波器 Butterworth filter切比雪夫滤波器 Chebyshev filter贝塞尔滤波器 Bessel filter截止频率 cut-off frequency上限截止频率 upper cut-off frequency 下限截止频率 lower cut-off frequency 中心频率 center frequency带宽 Bandwidth开环增益 open-loop gain闭环增益 closed-loop gain共模增益 common-mode gain输入阻抗 input impedance电压跟随器 voltage-follower电压源 voltage source电流源 current source单位增益带宽 unity-gain bandwidth 频率响应 frequency response频响特性（曲线）response characteristic 波特图 the Bode plot稳定性 stability补偿 compensation比较器 comparator迟滞比较器 hysteresis comparator阶跃输入电压 step input voltage仪表放大器 instrumentation amplifier 隔离放大器 isolation amplifier对数放大器 log amplifier反对数放大器 antilog amplifier反馈通道 feedback path反向漏电流 reverse leakage current相位 phase相移 phase shift锁相环 phase-locked loop(PLL)锁相环相位监测器 PLL phase detector和频 sum frequency差频 difference frequency波形发生电路振荡器 oscillatorRC 振荡器 RC oscillatorLC 振荡器 LC oscillator正弦波振荡器 sinusoidal oscillator三角波发生器 triangular wave generator方波发生器 square wave generator幅度 magnitude电平 level饱和输出电平（电压） saturated output level功率放大器功率放大器 power amplifier交越失真 cross-over distortion甲类功率放大器 class A power amplifier乙类推挽功率放大器 class B push-pull power amplifier OTL 功率放大器 output transformerless power amplifier OCL 功率放大器 output capacitorless power amplifier直流稳压电源半波整流 full-wave rectifier全波整流 half-wave rectifier电感滤波器 inductor filter电容滤波器 capacitor filter串联型稳压电源 series (voltage) regulator开关型稳压电源 switching (voltage) regulator集成稳压器 IC (voltage) regulator晶闸管及可控整流电路晶闸管 thyristor单结晶体管 unijunction transistor（UJT）可控整流 controlled rectifier可控硅 silicon-controlled rectifier峰点 peak point谷点 valley point控制角 controlling angle导通角 turn-on angle门电路与逻辑代数二进制 binary二进制数 binary number十进制 decimal十六进制 hexadecimal二-十进制 binary coded decimal （BCD）门电路 gate三态门 tri-state gate与门 AND gate或门 OR gate非门 NOT gate与非门 NAND gate或非门 NOR gate异或门 exclusive-OR gate反相器 inverter布尔代数 Boolean algebra真值表 truth table卡诺图 the Karnaugh map逻辑函数 logic function逻辑表达式 logic expression组合逻辑电路组合逻辑电路 combination logic circuit译码器 decoder编码器 coder比较器 comparator半加器 half-adder全加器 full-adder七段显示器 seven-segment display时序逻辑电路时序逻辑电路 sequential logic circuit R-S 触发器 R-S flip-flopD 触发器 D flip-flopJ-K 触发器 J-K flip-flop主从型触发器 master-slave flip-flop置位 set复位 reset直接置位端 direct-set terminal直接复位端 direct-reset terminal寄存器 register移位寄存器 shift register双向移位寄存器 bidirectional shift register计数器 counter同步计数器 synchronous counter异步计数器 asynchronous counter加法计数器 adding counter减法计数器 subtracting counter定时器 timer清除（清 0）clear载入 load时钟脉冲 clock pulse触发脉冲 trigger pulse上升沿 positive edge下降沿 negative edge时序图 timing diagram波形图 waveform脉冲波形的产生与整形单稳态触发器 monostable flip-flop双稳态触发器 bistable flip-flop无稳态振荡器 astable oscillator晶体 crystal555 定时器 555 timer模拟信号与数字信号的相互转换模拟信号 analog signal数字信号 digital signalAD 转换器 analog -digital converter (ADC)DA 转换器 digital-analog converter (DAC)半导体存储器只读存储器 read-only memory（ROM）随机存取存储器 random-access memory（RAM）可编程 ROM programmable ROM（PROM）时序之源最后编辑于 2009-03-03 15:23:42举报 | 引用| 回复| TOP时序之源∙组别:版主∙性别:保密∙积分:547∙帖子:2132009-03-03 18:56 | 只看楼主树型| 收藏| 小中大 3#继续添加专业词汇新手必备1 backplane 背板2 Band gap voltage reference 带隙电压参考3 benchtop supply 工作台电源4 Block Diagram 方块图5 Bode Plot 波特图6 Bootstrap 自举7 Bottom FET Bottom FET8 bucket capcitor 桶形电容9 chassis 机架10 Combi-sense Combi-sense11 constant current source 恒流源12 Core Sataration 铁芯饱和13 crossover frequency 交叉频率14 current ripple 纹波电流15 Cycle by Cycle 逐周期16 cycle skipping 周期跳步17 Dead Time 死区时间18 DIE Temperature 核心温度19 Disable 非使能，无效，禁用，关断20 dominant pole 主极点21 Enable 使能，有效，启用22 ESD Rating ESD额定值23 Evaluation Board 评估板24 Exceeding the specifications below may result in permanent damageto the device, or device malfunction. Operation outside of theparameters specified in the Electrical Characteristics section isnot implied. 超过下面的规格使用可能引起永久的设备损害或设备故障。
电路分析英文课件ECTE170 Lecture 2
Example: Current Divider
• Find I1 of this circuit:
Determinethe totalresistanceR T first
42mA
6 24 R2
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 R T R1 R2 R3 6 24 24 4 24
R3
I1
R1
RT 4 RT 4 I1 I T 42m A 28m A R1 6
15
Current Sources
• A voltage source provides a constant output voltage, regardless of the load (i.e. resistance) connected to it
– Connecting batteries in parallel increases the current capacity, without usually changing the voltage provided at the terminals
4
Resistance in Parallel Circuits
16
Current Sources
• Similar to ideal voltage sources (which have no series resistance), an ideal current source has no parallel resistance • A real current source comprises an ideal current source, with a resistance (usually large) connected in parallel with it, as shown
电路专业英语词汇
英语一些专业词语英语应急表电路的基本概念及定律 source电压源 voltage source电流源 current source理想电压源 ideal voltage source理想电流源 ideal current source伏安特性 volt-ampere characterist电动势 electromotive force电压 voltage电流 current电位 potential电位差 potential difference欧姆 ohm伏特 volt安培 ampere瓦特 watt焦耳 joule电路 circuit电路元件 circuit elementresistanceresistorinductanceinductorcapacitancecapacitor电路模型 circuit model参考方向 reference direction参考电位 reference potential欧姆定律ohm’s law基尔霍夫定律kirchhoff’s law基尔霍夫电压定律kirchhoff’s v oltage lawkvl 基尔霍夫电流定律kirchhoff’s current lawkcl 结点 node支路 branch回路 loop网孔 mesh支路电流法 branch current analysis网孔电流法 mesh current analysis结点电位法 node voltage analysis电源变换 source transformations叠加原理 superposition theorem网络 network无源二端网络 passive two-terminal network有源二端网络 active two-terminal network戴维宁定理thevenin’s theorem诺顿定理norton’s theorem开路断路open circuit短路 short circuit开路电压 open-circuit voltage短路电流 short-circuit current交流电路直流电路 direct current circuit dc交流电路 alternating current circuit ac 正弦交流电路 sinusoidal a-c circuit平均值 average value有效值 effective value均方根值root-mean-squire value rms瞬时值 instantaneous value电抗 reactance感抗 inductive reactance容抗 capacitive reactance法拉 farad亨利 henry阻抗 impedance复数阻抗 complex impedance相位 phase初相位 initial phase相位差 phase difference相位领先 phase lead相位落后 phase lag倒相,反相 phase inversion频率 frequency角频率 angular frequency赫兹 hertz相量 phasor相量图 phasor diagram有功功率 active power无功功率 reactive power视在功率 apparent power功率因数 power factor功率因数补偿 power-factor compensation串联谐振 series resonance并联谐振 parallel resonance谐振频率 resonance frequency频率特性 frequency characteristic幅频特性amplitude-frequency response characteristic 相频特性 phase-frequency response characteristic截止频率 cutoff frequency品质因数 quality factor通频带 pass-band带宽 bandwidth bw滤波器 filter一阶滤波器 first-order filter二阶滤波器 second-order filter低通滤波器 low-pass filter高通滤波器 high-pass filter带通滤波器 band-pass filter带阻滤波器 band-stop filter转移函数 transfer function波特图 bode diagram傅立叶级数 fourier series三相电路三相电路 three-phase circuit三相电源 three-phase source对称三相电源 symmetrical three-phase source 对称三相负载 symmetrical three-phase load 相电压 phase voltage相电流 phase current线电压 line voltage线电流 line current三相三线制 three-phase three-wire system三相四线制 three-phase four-wire system三相功率 three-phase power星形连接 star connectiony-connection三角形连接 triangular connectiond- connection ,delta connection 中线 neutral line电路的暂态过程分析暂态 transient state稳态 steady state暂态过程,暂态响应 transient response换路定理 low of switch一阶电路 first-order circuit三要素法 three-factor method时间常数 time constant积分电路 integrating circuit微分电路 differentiating circuit磁路与磁场magnetic field磁通 flux磁路 magnetic circuit磁感应强度 flux density磁通势 magnetomotive force磁阻 reluctance直流电动机 dc motor交流电动机 ac motor异步电动机 asynchronous motor同步电动机 synchronous motor三相异步电动机 three-phase asynchronous motor 单相异步电动机 single-phase asynchronous motor 旋转磁场 rotating magnetic field定子 stator转子 rotor转差率 slip起动电流 starting current起动转矩 starting torque额定电压 rated voltage额定电流 rated current额定功率 rated power机械特性 mechanical characteristic-接触器控制按钮 buttonfuseswitchtravel switch继电器 relay接触器 contactor常开动合触点 normally open contact常闭动断触点 normally closed contacttime relaythermal overload relayintermediate relay可编程plc可编程控制器 programmable logic controller 语句表 statement list梯形图 ladder diagram器件本征半导体intrinsic semiconductor掺杂半导体doped semiconductorp型半导体 p-type semiconductor n型半导体 n--type semiconductor 自由电子 free electron空穴 hole载流子 carrierspn结 pn junction扩散 diffusion漂移 driftdiode二极管 silicon diode锗二极管 germanium diode阳极 anode阴极 cathodelight-emitting diode led光电二极管 photodiodezener diode管 transistorpnp型晶体管 pnp transistornpn型晶体管 npn transistor发射极 emitter集电极 collector基极 base电流放大系数 current amplification coefficientfield-effect transistor fetp沟道 p-channeln沟道 n-channel结型场效应管 junction fetjfet金属氧化物半导体 metal-oxide semiconductor mos耗尽型mos场效应管 depletion mode mosfetd-mosfet 增强型mos场效应管 enhancement mode mosfete-mosfet 源极 source栅极 grid漏极 drain跨导 transconductance夹断电压 pinch-off voltagethermistor开路 open短路 shorted基本放大器 amplifier正向偏置 forward bias反向偏置 backward bias静态工作点 quiescent point q-point等效电路 equivalent circuit电压放大倍数 voltage gain总的电压放大倍数 overall voltage gain饱和 saturation截止 cut-off放大区 amplifier region饱和区 saturation region截止区 cut-off region失真 distortion饱和失真 saturation distortion截止失真 cut-off distortion零点漂移 zero drift正反馈 positive feedback负反馈 negative feedback串联负反馈 series negative feedback并联负反馈 parallel negative feedback共射极放大器 common-emitter amplifier射极跟随器 emitter-follower共源极放大器 common-source amplifier共漏极放大器 common-drain amplifier多级放大器 multistage amplifier阻容耦合放大器 resistance-capacitance coupled amplifier直接耦合放大器 direct- coupled amplifier 输入电阻 input resistance输出电阻 output resistance负载电阻 load resistance动态电阻 dynamic resistance负载电流 load current旁路电容 bypass capacitor耦合电容 coupled capacitor直流通路 direct current path交流通路 alternating current path直流分量 direct current component交流分量 alternating current component 变阻器电位器rheostat电阻器resistor电阻值resistance电容器capacitor电容量capacitance电感器,线圈inductor电感量,感应系数inductance正弦电压 sinusoidal voltage集成运算放大器及应用差动放大器 differential amplifier运算放大器 operational amplifierop-amp失调电压 offset voltage失调电流 offset current共模信号 common-mode signal差模信号 different-mode signal共模抑制比 common-mode rejection ratio cmrr 积分电路 integratorcircuit微分电路 differentiatorcircuit有源滤波器 active filter低通滤波器 low-pass filter高通滤波器 high-pass filter带通滤波器 band-pass filter带阻滤波器 band-stop filter波特沃斯滤波器 butterworth filter切比雪夫滤波器 chebyshev filter贝塞尔滤波器 bessel filter截止频率 cut-off frequency上限截止频率 upper cut-off frequency下限截止频率 lower cut-off frequency中心频率 center frequency带宽 bandwidth开环增益 open-loop gain闭环增益 closed-loop gain共模增益 common-mode gain输入阻抗 input impedance电压跟随器 voltage-follower电压源 voltage source电流源 current source单位增益带宽unity-gain bandwidth频率响应 frequency response频响特性曲线response characteristic 波特图 the bode plot稳定性stability补偿 compensation比较器 comparator迟滞比较器 hysteresis comparator阶跃输入电压step input voltage仪表放大器 instrumentation amplifier 隔离放大器 isolation amplifier对数放大器 log amplifier反对数放大器antilog amplifier反馈通道 feedback path反向漏电流 reverse leakage current 相位phase相移 phase shift锁相环 phase-locked looppll锁相环相位监测器 pll phase detector和频 sum frequency差频 difference frequency波形发生电路振荡器 oscillatorrc振荡器 rc oscillatorlc振荡器 lc oscillator正弦波振荡器 sinusoidal oscillator三角波发生器 triangular wave generator方波发生器square wave generator幅度 magnitude电平level饱和输出电平电压 saturated output level功率放大器功率放大器 power amplifier交越失真 cross-over distortion甲类功率放大器 class a power amplifier乙类推挽功率放大器class b push-pull power amplifier otl功率放大器 output transformerless power amplifier ocl功率放大器 output capacitorless power amplifier直流半波整流 full-wave rectifier全波整流 half-wave rectifier电感滤波器 inductor filter电容滤波器 capacitor filter串联型稳压电源 series voltage regulator开关型稳压电源 switching voltage regulator 集成 ic voltage regulator晶闸管及可控整流电路晶闸管 thyristor单结晶体管 unijunction transistorujt可控整流 controlled rectifiersilicon-controlled rectifier峰点 peak point谷点 valley point控制角 controlling angle导通角 turn-on angle门电路与逻辑代数二进制 binary二进制数 binary number十进制 decimal十六进制 hexadecimal二-十进制 binary coded decimal bcd门电路 gate三态门tri-state gate与门 and gate或门 or gate非门 not gate与非门 nand gate或非门 nor gate异或门 exclusive-or gate反相器 inverter布尔代数 boolean algebra真值表 truth table卡诺图 the karnaugh map逻辑函数 logic function逻辑表达式 logic expression组合逻辑电路组合逻辑电路 combination logic circuit 译码器 decoder编码器 coder比较器 comparator半加器 half-adder全加器 full-adder七段 seven-segment display时序逻辑电路时序逻辑电路 sequential logic circuitr-s 触发器 r-s flip-flopd触发器 d flip-flopj-k触发器 j-k flip-flop主从型触发器 master-slave flip-flop置位 set复位 reset直接置位端direct-set terminal直接复位端direct-reset terminal寄存器 register移位寄存器 shift register双向移位寄存器bidirectional shift register counter同步计数器 synchronous counter异步计数器asynchronous counter加法计数器 adding counter减法计数器 subtracting counter定时器 timer清除清0clear载入 load时钟脉冲 clock pulse触发脉冲 trigger pulse上升沿 positive edge下降沿 negative edge时序图 timing diagram波形图 waveform脉冲波形的产生与整形单稳态触发器 monostable flip-flop双稳态触发器 bistable flip-flop无稳态振荡器 astable oscillator晶体 crystal555定时器 555 timer模拟信号与数字信号的相互转换模拟信号 analog signal数字信号 digital signaladanalog -digital converter adcda转换器 digital-analog converter dac 半导体只读存储器 read-only memoryrom随机存取存储器 random-access memoryram 可编程rom programmable romprom电器电子英语词汇上m type backward wave tube m 型返波振荡管m type tube m 型电子管m type twt m 型行波管machine ringing 机械振铃macroblock 宏模块macrocell 宏单元macrocell approach 宏单元macrocell array 宏单元阵列made to order integrated circuit 定制madistor 晶体磁控管magazine 盒magnet 磁石magnet core aerial 磁心天线magnet core antenna 磁心天线magnetic amplification 磁放大magnetic amplifier 磁放大器magnetic bias 磁偏置magnetic bubble device 磁泡掐magnetic bubble domain chip 磁泡magnetic bubble memory 磁泡存储器magnetic confinement of plasma 等离子区的磁密封magnetic convergence 磁会聚magnetic core 磁心magnetic deflection 磁偏转magnetic dipole 磁偶极子magnetic domaine storage 磁泡存储器magnetic double refraction 磁场致双折射magnetic drum 磁鼓magnetic drum memory 磁鼓存储器magnetic field 磁场magnetic field applied lec 施加磁场液封直拉法magnetic film 磁性薄膜magnetic flux 磁通量magnetic focusing 磁聚焦magnetic head 磁头magnetic head core 磁头铁心magnetic head gap 磁头缝隙magnetic head gap depth 磁头缝隙深度magnetic head gap length 磁头缝隙长度magnetic head gap width 磁头缝隙宽度magnetic intensity 磁场强度magnetic lens 磁透镜magnetic lines of force 磁力线magnetic medium 磁介质magnetic microphone 电磁传声器magnetic modulator 磁灯器magnetic permeability 磁导率magnetic pumping 磁激励magnetic recording 磁记录magnetic rotation of polarized light 极化光的磁致旋转magnetic semiconductor 磁性半导体magnetic static wave 静磁波magnetic storm 磁暴magnetic susceptibility 磁化率magnetic tape 磁带magnetic trap 磁捕集器magnetics 磁学magnetizing field 磁化场magneto bell 交羚铃magneto ionic wave component 磁离子波分量magneto optical deflector 磁光偏转器magneto optical modulator 磁光灯器magnetoacoustic delay line 磁声延迟线magnetohydrodynamic laser 磁铃力学激光器magnetohydrodynamic pumping 磁铃动力抽运magnetohydrodynamic waves 磁铃波magnetohydrodynamics 磁性铃动力学magnetooptic memory 磁光存储器magnetooptics 磁光学magnetoresistance 磁阻magnetoresistive effect 磁阻效应magnetoresistor 磁阻器magnetostatic wave device 静磁波掐magnetostriction oscillator 磁致伸缩振荡器magnetostriction transducer 磁致伸缩式换能器magnetostrictive delay line 磁致伸缩延迟线magnetron 磁控管magnetron amplifier 磁控管放大器magnetron ion etcher 磁控管离子腐蚀装置magnetron oscillator 磁控管振荡器magnetron sputtering 磁控管溅射magnetron vacuum gage 磁控管真空计magnification 放大magnified image 放大的图象main exchange 电话总局main gap 咒隙main group 趾main lobe 吱瓣main oscillator 竹荡器main signal 峙号main station 用户助mains receiver 交劣收机maintainability 维修性major lobe 吱瓣majority carrier 多数载劣majority current 多数载劣电流majority emitter 多数载劣发射极majority gate 多数决定门majority logic 多数逻辑malfunction 机能不良man made noise 人为噪声manual calling 人工呼叫manual editing 手动编辑manual exchange 人工电话局manual insertion 手动装配manual ringing 人工呼叫manual telephone system 人工电话系统manufacturability 可制造性manufacturing line 生产线manufacturing method 制造方法manufacturing tolerance 制造公差many layer mirror 多层镜many valley semiconductor 多谷半导体maos structure 金属氧化铝氧化物半导体结构margin of safety 安全裕度marginal check 边缘检查marginal sharphness 边缘清晰度marginal test 边缘检查marine electronics 海洋电子学maritime satellite communication 海洋卫星mark 标记mark space ratio 线圈间隙因数marker antenna 指点信标天线marker pip 集成电路外壳的标记点marking 钻记marking current 传局电流maser 脉泽maser amplification 脉泽放大maser amplifier 脉泽放大器maser beam 微波激射束maser oscillator 脉泽振荡器maser radiation 脉泽辐射maser transition 脉泽跃迁maser transmitter 脉泽发射机mask 掩模mask aligner 掩模对准器mask artwork 掩模原图mask carrier 掩模载运体mask cassette 掩模盒mask copy 掩模复制mask definition 掩模图案形成mask degradation 掩模老化mask distortion 掩模扭曲mask feature 掩模图形单元mask holder 掩模架mask hole 掩模窗mask inspection tool 掩模检查工具mask layout 掩模草图mask level 掩模层次mask lifetime 掩模寿命mask lithography 掩模光刻mask making facilities 掩模制造设备mask membrane 掩蔽膜mask opening 掩模窗孔mask overlay comparator 掩模重迭比较器mask overlay error 掩模相互重合误差mask pack 掩模包mask pattern 掩模图案mask pattern generator 掩模图案发生器mask pattern layout 掩模图形布置图mask programmable array 掩模可编程序阵列mask programmable chip 掩模可编程序芯片mask programmable integration 掩模可编程序集成电路mask programmable memory 掩模可编程序存储器mask replication 掩模复制mask replicator 掩模复制器mask resolution 掩模清晰度mask scrubber 掩模洗涤器mask set 掩模组mask superposition error 掩模相互重合误差mask tolerance 掩模容许偏差maskant 掩蔽体masked diffusion 掩蔽扩散masked ion implantation 掩蔽离子注入masking 掩蔽masking film 掩蔽膜masking layer 掩蔽层masking oxide 掩蔽氧化物masking pattern 掩模图案masking photoresist 掩蔽光刻胶masking plate 掩蔽板maskless ion implantation 无掩模离子注入maskless pattern generation 无掩模图像生成mass bonding 群焊mass soldering 成批mass spectrometer 质谱仪mass spectrometer leak detector 质谱检漏仪mass spectroscopy 质谱仪master 原图master chip 志片master drawing 原图master group 趾master layout 掩模总布置图master mask 母掩模master monitor 粥视器master mos approach mos结构母片方法master oscillator 重振荡器master picture monitor 旨像监视器master plate 母掩模master reticle 掩模原版master transmitter 症射机masterslice 母片masterslice approach 母片方法masterslice integrated circuit 母片型集成电路masterslice personalization 母片专用化mat 微合金晶体管matched beam 匹配束matched filter 匹配滤波器matched junction 匹配连接matched line 匹配线matched load 匹配荷载matched termination 匹配荷载matched transmission line 匹配传输线matched waveguide 匹配波导管matching 匹配matching attenuator 匹配衰减器matching diaphragm 匹配膜片matching reactance 匹配电抗matching section 匹配段matching strip 匹配带matching transformer 匹配变压器matrix 矩阵matrix addressed display 矩阵寻址显示器matrix addressing 矩阵寻址matrix circuit 矩阵变换电路matrix display 矩阵显示器matrix integrated circuit 矩阵型集成电路matrix large scale integration 矩阵型大规模集成电路maximum deflection 最大偏转maximum load 最大负载maximum range 最大探测距离maximum usable frequency 最高可用频率maxwellian distribution 麦克斯韦分布mbd 磁泡掐mbe 分子束外延mbm 磁泡存储器mbt 金属基极晶体管mccd 曲折型沟道电荷耦合掐mcvd 改进的化学汽相淀积mean energy density 平均能量密度mean error 平均误差mean free path 平均自由路程mean free time 平均自由飞行时间mean frequency 平均频率mean life 平均寿命mean time between failures 平均故障间隔时间mean time to failure 平均故障间隔时间meander ccd 曲折型沟道电荷耦合掐measurement 测量measurement probe 测量探针measuring amplifier 测量用放大器measuring bridge 测量用电桥measuring device 测量装置measuring error 测量误差measuring microphone 测量传声器mechanical failure 机械故障mechanical recording 机械记录mechanical scanning 机械扫掠mechanism of crystal growth 晶体生长机理mechanism of nucleation 成核机理medical laser 医用激光器medical television 医学用电视medium 载波medium complexity 中规模集成度medium frequency 中频medium scale integration 中规模集成度medium waves 中波megachip 百万级规模集成电路megascale ic 百万级规模集成电路megatron 塔形电子管meissner oscillator 麦斯南振荡器melt 熔融meltback 回熔melting 熔融membrane 膜membrane mask 薄膜型掩模memory 存储器memory capacity 记忆容量memory chip 存储凭片memory controller 存储曝制器memory density 存储密度memory device 记亿设备memory effect 记忆效应memory management chip 存储栖理集成电路memory mapping 存储单元布置memory transistor 存储晶体管memory unit 存储单元memoscope 存储管式示波器mercury arc rectifier 水银整流mercury diffusion pump 水银扩散泵mercury vapor 水银蒸汽merged n p n load 合并 n p n 负载merged structure 合并结构merged transistor logic 合并晶体管逻辑mesa 台面结构mesa epitaxial approach 台面外延工艺mesa etching 台面腐蚀mesa island 台面型岛mesa recess 台面槽mesa structure 台面结构mesa transistor 台面式晶体管mesa type transistor 台面型晶体管mesfet 金属半导体场效应晶体管欢迎来查看更多精彩信息请登录。
电路分析英文 Lecture 4
Rth
*Components exhibit identical behaviour when voltage or current is reversed
7
Methods for finding Eth and Rth
E1 R1 RL
•
•
Finding Thévenin voltage – Remove the load resistor RL – Calculate the open circuit voltage across the load terminals due to the remaining circuit E1 – This voltage is Eth Finding Thévenin resistance – Remove RL – Replace voltage sources with short circuits, current sources with open circuits – Calculate the total resistance between the load terminals looking into the remaining circuit – This is the Thévenin resistance Rth
ECTE170 – Lecture 4/11
1
Network Theorems
(Boylestad –
• • • • •
2
Chapter 9) Superposition Theorem Equivalent Circuits Thévenin’s Theorem Norton’s Theorem Maximum Power Transfer theorem
电路分析英文课件ECTE170 Lecture 1
• To overcome resistance, and hence allow current to flow through a material, a potential difference (or voltage) must be applied
13
Other DC sources
• DC sources can also be established by using a process called ‘rectification’ of alternating current (AC) sources (commonly available) • There are also rotary DC generators such as those found in automobiles
– As a result, electrons begin to flow through the wire, towards the end with the positive charge
6
Electric Current
• This flow of electrons is known as an electric current
• This opposition is known as resistance
• The unit used to describe resistance is the “ohm”, written as Ω
– Hs is written as 1000 Ω, or 1 kΩ
3
Electric Circuit Fundamentals
(
Boylestad – Chapters 1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
电工技术英汉对照表
电工技术英汉对照表宋黎明Electrical circuit 电路Sensor传感器Amplifier放大器Net 网格Battery 电池DC voltage 直流电压AC voltage交流电压Reference Polarities -----------Switch开关Equivalent circuits 等效电路Wheatstone bridge惠斯通电桥Source transformation电源变换Potentiometer 分压计Planar circuit 平面电流Insulators 绝缘体Semiconductor半导体Actual direction实际方向Alternating current交流Charge电荷Circuit电路Circuit analysis电路分析Node-voltage analysis结点电压法Mesh-current analysis 回路电流法Conductor导体conductance 电导Complex impedance复阻抗reactance电抗resistor电阻器resistance电阻Capacitor电容器capacitance电容Inductor电感器inductance电感Current电流Direct current 直流Energy能量Kirchhoff’s current law (KCL)基尔霍夫电流定律Kirchhoff’s Voltage law (KVL)基尔霍夫电压定律Node节点（结点）supernode广义节点 Essential Nodes 基本节点branch支路loop回路mesh网孔 Superposition principle叠加原理Ohm’s law欧姆定律Power 功率real power 有功功率=average power平均功率Reactive power无功功率Complex power 复功率apparent power视在功率Power factor功率因数power angle功率角Reference direction参考方向= reference polarity参考极性Passive reference configuration = passive sign convention关联参考方向Active reference configuration = active sign convention非关联参考方向Series circuit串联Voltage-division principle分压原理parallel circuit并联Current-division principle分流原理Source电源Independent source独立电源dependent source非独立电源（受控电源）Voltage source电压源current source 电流源Voltage-control voltage source （VCVS）电压控制电压源Voltage-control current source （VCCS）电压控制电流源Current-control voltage source （CCVS）电流控制电压源Current-control current source （CCVS）电流控制电流源Steady-state稳态steady-state sinusoidal analysis正弦稳态分析Peak value 峰值（amplitude幅值）root-mean-square values均方根值（effective value有效值）Angular frequency角频率frequency频率period周期Phase angle相位角Phasor相量Balanced three-phase circuits对称三相电路Balanced source对称电源balanced load对称负载Wye-connected (Y-connected) 星型连接Delta-connected 三角形连接Phase voltage (line-to-neutral voltage) 相电压line-to-line voltage线电压Line current线电流Positive phase sequence正序negative phase sequence反序Transient暂态 Forcing function强制函数first-order RC circuits一阶电路differential equation微分方程transient response暂态响应 Switching rules换路定理steady-state response稳态响应（forced response强制分量）Time constant时间常数initial condition初始条件Particular solution特殊解complementary solution补充解Voltage电压Thevenin equivalent Circuit戴维南等效电路open-circuit voltage开路电压Thevenin resistance戴维南等效电阻Norton equivalent circuit诺顿等效电路short-circuit current短路电流Source T ransformation电源的等效变换Transformer 变压器Electrical machinery 电机Generator发电机motor电动机DC motor直流电动机AC motor交流电动机Synchronous 同步电机Induction感应电机(Asynchronous)（异步电机）Electronically controlled precision motors控制电机Stator定子rotor转子permanent magnet永磁体shaft轴Electromagnetic torque 电磁转矩。
电路分析英文Lecture
Power in Circuits
Summary: Capacity and Induction are two important concepts in circuit analysis that describe the working principles of capacitors and inductors, respectively. Detailed description: A capacitor is a device that stores charges, and its capacity (C) is related to the electrode area, spacing, and dielectric constant. Capacitors have the function of separating direct and direct current in AC circuits. An inductor is a component that stores magnetic energy, and its inductance (L) is related to the number of turns, diameter, and length of the coil. Inductors have the function of blocking AC and DC currents in AC circuits.
contents
目 录
01
Circuit Analysis Introduction
A circuit is a closed path that allows electrical current to flow It insists of components connected by conductors
电路分析英文Lecture8
– As input frequencies become very high, the reactance of a capacitor approaches 0Ω
Power delivered at any instant in time
p Vm sin wt Im sin(wt ) Using the trigoneme tric identity
sinAsinB cos(A - B) - cos(A B) 2
p Vm Im cos Vm Im cos(2wt )
26
Average Power and Power Factor
Av P eo r P w a V g m I e m c e r o V s m Im c o V sc I os
2
22
where V and I are rms values of the sinusoidal voltage and current respectively
11
Sinusoidal Response: Waveforms
Inductor
12
Sinusoidal Response: Capacitors
i C dv dt
where
v Vm sin wt
dv dt
Vmw cos wt
Vm w s in(wt
90 o )
Vmsin(ωt)
i wCVm sin(wt 90 o ) Im sin(wt 90 o )
7
8
Sinusoidal Response: Resistor
电路与电子技术课件(英文版)-第二章电路的分析方法
14
NODE VOLTAGE METHOD
▪ The node voltage method is based on defining the voltage at each node as an independent variable.
Ohm’s law requires that i1, for example, be given by
It is the potential difference va −vc across R1 that causes current i1 to flow from node a to node c.
▪ A loop is any closed connection of branches
12
Network Analysis -Examples
▪ Have identified a total of 9 variables!
13
NODE AGE METHOD
▪ Node voltage analysis is the most general method for the analysis of electric circuits.
3
Network Analysis
▪ The analysis of an electrical network consists of determining each of the unknown branch currents and node voltages.
▪ To define all the relevant variables as clearly as possible, and in systematic fashion.
电路中英名词整理
電路名詞整理電源source電壓源voltage source電流源current source理想電壓源ideal voltage source理想電流源ideal current source伏安特性volt-ampere characteristic電動勢electromotive force電壓voltage電流current電位potential電位差potential difference歐姆Ohm伏特V olt安培Ampere瓦特Watt焦耳Joule電路circuit電路元件circuit element電阻resistance電阻器resistor電感inductance電感器inductor電容capacitance電容器capacitor電路模型circuit model參考方向reference direction參考電位reference potential歐姆定律Ohm’s law基爾霍夫定律Kirchhoff’s law基爾霍夫電壓定律Kirchhoff’s voltage law（KVL）基爾霍夫電流定律Kirchhoff’s current law（KCL）結點node支路branch回路loop網孔mesh支路電流法branch current analysis網孔電流法mesh current analysis結點電位法node voltage analysis電源變換source transformations疊加原理superposition theorem網路network無源二端網路passive two-terminal network有源二端網路active two-terminal network大衛甯定理Thevenin’s theorem諾頓定理Norton’s theorem開路（斷路）open circuit短路short circuit開路電壓open-circuit voltage短路電流short-circuit current交流電路直流電路direct current circuit (dc)交流電路alternating current circuit (ac)正弦交流電路sinusoidal a-c circuit平均值average value有效值effective value均方根值root-mean-squire value (rms)瞬時值instantaneous value電抗reactance感抗inductive reactance容抗capacitive reactance法拉Farad亨利Henry阻抗impedance複數阻抗complex impedance相位phase初相位initial phase相位差phase difference相位領先phase lead相位落後phase lag倒相，反相phase inversion頻率frequency角頻率angular frequency赫茲Hertz相量phasor相量圖phasor diagram有功功率active power無功功率reactive power視在功率apparent power功率因數power factor功率因數補償power-factor compensation串聯諧振series resonance並聯諧振parallel resonance諧振頻率resonance frequency頻率特性frequency characteristic幅頻特性amplitude-frequency response characteristic 相頻特性phase-frequency response characteristic截止頻率cutoff frequency品質因數quality factor通頻帶pass-band頻寬bandwidth (BW)濾波器filter一階濾波器first-order filter二階濾波器second-order filter低通濾波器low-pass filter高通濾波器high-pass filter帶通濾波器band-pass filter帶阻濾波器band-stop filter轉移函數transfer function波特圖Bode diagram傅立葉級數Fourier series三相電路三相電路three-phase circuit三相電源three-phase source對稱三相電源symmetrical three-phase source對稱三相負載symmetrical three-phase load相電壓phase voltage相電流phase current線電壓line voltage線電流line current三相三線制three-phase three-wire system三相四線制three-phase four-wire system三相功率three-phase power星形連接star connection(Y-connection)三角形連接triangular connection(D- connection ,delta connection) 中線neutral line電路的暫態過程分析暫態transient state穩態steady state暫態過程，暫態回應transient response換路定理low of switch一階電路first-order circuit三要素法three-factor method時間常數time constant積分電路integrating circuit微分電路differentiating circuit磁路與變壓器磁場magnetic field磁通flux磁路magnetic circuit磁感應強度flux density磁通勢magnetomotive force磁阻reluctance電動機直流電動機dc motor交流電動機ac motor非同步電動機asynchronous motor同步電動機synchronous motor三相非同步電動機three-phase asynchronous motor 單相非同步電動機single-phase asynchronous motor 旋轉磁場rotating magnetic field定子stator轉子rotor轉差率slip起動電流starting current起動轉矩starting torque額定電壓rated voltage額定電流rated current額定功率rated power機械特性mechanical characteristic繼電器-接觸器控制按鈕button熔斷器fuse開關switch行程開關travel switch繼電器relay接觸器contactor常開(動合)觸點normally open contact常閉(動斷)觸點normally closed contact時間繼電器time relay熱繼電器thermal overload relay中間繼電器intermediate relay可程式設計控制器（PLC）可程式設計控制器programmable logic controller語句表statement list梯形圖ladder diagram半導體器件本征半導體intrinsic semiconductor摻雜半導體doped semiconductorP型半導體P-type semiconductorN型半導體N--type semiconductor自由電子free electron空穴hole載流子carriersPN結PN junction擴散diffusion漂移drift二極體diode矽二極體silicon diode鍺二極體germanium diode陽極anode陰極cathode發光二極體light-emitting diode (LED)光電二極體photodiode穩壓二極體Zener diode電晶體（三極管）transistorPNP型電晶體PNP transistorNPN型電晶體NPN transistor發射極emitter集電極collector基極base電流放大係數current amplification coefficient場效應管field-effect transistor (FET)P溝道p-channelN溝道n-channel結型場效應管junction FET（JFET）金屬氧化物半導體metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS)耗盡型MOS場效應管depletion mode MOSFET（D-MOSFET）增強型MOS場效應管enhancement mode MOSFET（E-MOSFET）源極source柵極grid漏極drain跨導transconductance夾斷電壓pinch-off voltage熱敏電阻thermistor開路open短路shorted基本放大器放大器amplifier正向偏置forward bias反向偏置backward bias靜態工作點quiescent point (Q-point)等效電路equivalent circuit電壓放大倍數voltage gain總的電壓放大倍數overall voltage gain飽和saturation截止cut-off放大區amplifier region飽和區saturation region截止區cut-off region失真distortion飽和失真saturation distortion截止失真cut-off distortion零點漂移zero drift正回饋positive feedback負反饋negative feedback串聯負反饋series negative feedback並聯負反饋parallel negative feedback共射極放大器common-emitter amplifier射極跟隨器emitter-follower共源極放大器common-source amplifier共漏極放大器common-drain amplifier多級放大器multistage amplifier阻容耦合放大器resistance-capacitance coupled amplifier 直接耦合放大器direct- coupled amplifier輸入電阻input resistance輸出電阻output resistance負載電阻load resistance動態電阻dynamic resistance負載電流load current旁路電容bypass capacitor耦合電容coupled capacitor直流通路direct current path交流通路alternating current path直流分量direct current component交流分量alternating current component變阻器（電位器）rheostat電阻（器）resistor電阻（值）resistance電容（器）capacitor電容（量）capacitance電感（器，線圈）inductor電感（量），感應係數inductance正弦電壓sinusoidal voltage集成運算放大器及應用差動放大器differential amplifier運算放大器operational amplifier(op-amp)失調電壓offset voltage失調電流offset current共模信號common-mode signal差模信號different-mode signal共模抑制比common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR)積分電路integrator（circuit）微分電路differentiator（circuit）有源濾波器active filter低通濾波器low-pass filter高通濾波器high-pass filter帶通濾波器band-pass filter帶阻濾波器band-stop filter波特沃斯濾波器Butterworth filter切比雪夫濾波器Chebyshev filter貝塞爾濾波器Bessel filter截止頻率cut-off frequency上限截止頻率upper cut-off frequency 下限截止頻率lower cut-off frequency 中心頻率center frequency頻寬Bandwidth開環增益open-loop gain閉環增益closed-loop gain共模增益common-mode gain輸入阻抗input impedance電壓跟隨器voltage-follower電壓源voltage source電流源current source單位增益頻寬unity-gain bandwidth頻率回應frequency response頻響特性（曲線）response characteristic 波特圖the Bode plot穩定性stability補償compensation比較器comparator遲滯比較器hysteresis comparator階躍輸入電壓step input voltage儀錶放大器instrumentation amplifier隔離放大器isolation amplifier對數放大器log amplifier反對數放大器antilog amplifier回饋通道feedback path反向漏電流reverse leakage current相位phase相移phase shift鎖相環phase-locked loop(PLL)鎖相環相位監測器PLL phase detector 和頻sum frequency差頻difference frequency波形發生電路振盪器oscillatorRC振盪器RC oscillatorLC振盪器LC oscillator正弦波振盪器sinusoidal oscillator三角波發生器triangular wave generator方波發生器square wave generator幅度magnitude電平level飽和輸出電平（電壓）saturated output level功率放大器功率放大器power amplifier交越失真cross-over distortion甲類功率放大器class A power amplifier乙類推挽功率放大器class B push-pull power amplifier OTL功率放大器output transformerless power amplifier OCL功率放大器output capacitorless power amplifier 直流穩壓電源半波整流full-wave rectifier全波整流half-wave rectifier電感濾波器inductor filter電容濾波器capacitor filter串聯型穩壓電源series (voltage) regulator開關型穩壓電源switching (voltage) regulator集成穩壓器IC (voltage) regulator晶閘管及可控整流電路晶閘管thyristor單結晶體管unijunction transistor（UJT）可控整流controlled rectifier可控矽silicon-controlled rectifier峰點peak point穀點valley point控制角controlling angle導通角turn-on angle門電路與邏輯代數二進位binary二進位數字binary number十進位decimal十六進位hexadecimal二-十進位binary coded decimal （BCD）門電路gate三態門tri-state gate及閘AND gate或閘OR gate反閘NOT gate反及閘NAND gate反或閘NOR gate異或閘exclusive-OR gate反相器inverter布林代數Boolean algebra真值表truth table坎諾圖the Karnaugh map邏輯函數logic function邏輯運算式logic expression組合邏輯電路組合邏輯電路combination logic circuit 解碼器decoder編碼器coder比較器comparator半加器half-adder全加器full-adder七段顯示器seven-segment display時序邏輯電路時序邏輯電路sequential logic circuitR-S 觸發器R-S flip-flopD觸發器D flip-flopJ-K觸發器J-K flip-flop主從型觸發器master-slave flip-flop置位set復位reset直接置位端direct-set terminal直接復位端direct-reset terminal寄存器register移位暫存器shift register雙向移位暫存器bidirectional shift register 計數器counter同步計數器synchronous counter非同步計數器asynchronous counter加法計數器adding counter減法計數器subtracting counter計時器timer清除（清0）clear載入load時鐘脈衝clock pulse觸發脈衝trigger pulse上升沿positive edge下降沿negative edge時序圖timing diagram波形圖waveform脈衝波形的產生與整形單穩態觸發器monostable flip-flop雙穩態觸發器bistable flip-flop無穩態振盪器astable oscillator晶體crystal555計時器555 timer類比信號與數位信號的相互轉換類比信號analog signal數位信號digital signalAD轉換器analog -digital converter (ADC)DA轉換器digital-analog converter (DAC)半導體記憶體唯讀記憶體read-only memory（ROM）隨機存取記憶體random-access memory（RAM）可程式設計ROM programmable ROM（PROM）。
电路分析外文翻译
英文原文：Circuit analysis with MATLABThe electrical appliances is becoming more and more important in today’s world where computer technology, internet technology and communication technology are developing rapidly and people’s life has been greatly improved.Circuit analysis is a necessary course and basic knowledge for electronic special student. It is the foundation of circuit maintenance and circuit application. As one of the most important subjects for an under-graduated student who’s mayor in electronic information engineering, circuit analysis state for the professional capability. With the development of the circuit analysis field, circuits get more complicated and simulation technology using computer grown up. Dynamic circuit analysis is the most difficult, which takes time and a huge mount of manual work especially when circuit is complicated. So we uses the Matlab/Simulink simulation tools and the power system block model library to make analysis on several simple circuit such as the alternating urgent steady-state circuit、direct current steady-state circuit and first-order dynamic circuit. The circuits are programmed by Matlab language and simulate it by Simulink tools. Although simulation by computer software can not replace the traditional way, it helps people to understand circuit analysis directly and effectively. By these tools，people can demonstrate the circuit performances and reduce complicated calculation. It makes us save a lot of work. During this process，we know how Matlab/Simulink work and show the advantage of Matlab/Simulink tools on circuit analysis，it turns out to be simple，convenience，efficient and flexible.MATLAB is a high-performance language for technical computing. It integrates computation, visualization, and programming in an easy-to-use environment where problems and solutions are expressed in familiar mathematical notation. Typical uses include:1．Math and computation2．Algorithm development3．Modeling, simulation, and prototyping4．Data analysis, exploration, and visualization5．Scientific and engineering graphics6．Application development, including graphical user interface buildingMATLAB is an interactive system whose basic data element is an array that does not require dimensioning. That allows you to solve many technical computing problems, especially those with matrix and vector formations in a fraction of the time, which would take a lot of time to write a program in a scalar non-interactive language such as C or FORTRAN.The name MATLAB stands for matrix laboratory. MATLAB was originally written to provide easy access to matrix software developed by the LINPACK and EISPACK projects. Today, MATLAB engines incorporate the LAPACK and BLAS libraries, embedding the state of the art in software for matrix computation.MATLAB has evolved over a period of years with input many users. In university environments, it is the standard instructional tool for introductory and advancedcourses in mathematics, engineering, and science. In industry, MATLAB is the tool of choice for high-productivity research, development, and analysis.MATLAB features a family of add-on application-specific solutions called toolboxes. Very important to most users of MATLAB, toolboxes allow you to learn and apply specialized technology. Toolboxes are comprehensive collections of MATLAB functions (M-files) that extend the MATLAB environment to solve particular classes of problem. Areas in which toolboxes are available include signal processing, control systems, neural networks, fuzzy logic, wavelets, simulat ion, and many others.The MATLAB system consists of five main parts:Development environment. This is the set of tools and facilities that help you use MATLAB functions and files. Many of these tools are graphical user interfaces. It includes the MATLAB desktop and Command Windows, a command history, an editor and debugger, and browsers for viewing help, the workspaces, files, and the search path.The MATLAB Mathematical Function Library. This is a vast collection of computational algorithms ranging from elementary functions like sum, sine, cosine, and complex arithmetic, to more sophisticated functions like matrix eigenvalue, Bessel functions, and fast Fourier transforms.The MATLAB Language. This is a high-level matrix/array language with control flow statements, functions, data structures, input/output, and object-oriented programming features. It allows both “programming in the small” rapidly create quick and dirty throw-away programs, and “programming in the large” to create complete large and complex application programs.Graphics. MATLAB has extensive facilities for displaying vectors and matrices as graphs, as well as annotating and printing these graphs. It includes high-level functions for two-dimensional and three-dimensional data visualization, image processing, animation, and presentation graphics. It also includes low-level functions that allow you to fully customize the appearance of graphics as well as build complete graphical user interfaces on your MATLAB applications.The MATLAB Application Program Interface(API). This is a library that allows you to write C and FORTRAN programs that interact with MATLAB. It include facilities for calling routines from MATLAB(dynamic linking), calling MATLAB as a computational engine, and for reading and writing MAT-files.In the circuit analysis the RLC two steps electric circuits analysis process is quite complex, and must make the response curve analysis system the performance index extremely to be also difficult. Moreover to the second-order differential equation solution also is quite troublesome, therefore causes the majority the schoolmate which studies this class when studies two steps electric circuits understands quite difficultly. But MATLAB is visible face science and engineering calculation large-scale outstanding science and technology application software, its sentence succinct, the function formidable, simple is practical, in the circuit analysis, the computation has the widespread application. MATLAB provides massive and the rich built-in function, the highly effective succinct sentence, can meet each kind of needs which the electric circuit calculates, the MATLAB language permission plural number directparticipation operation, has satisfied the alternating-current circuit analysis, the computation demand. The MATLAB language may directly draw up the voltage, the electric current measures the chart, but measures the chart analyzes the alternating-current circuit essential important tool, is other computation language strength can not.MATLAB 与电路分析在当今世界，计算机技术，网络技术和通信技术正在迅猛的发展，人民的生活水平逐步提高，电子产品变得越来越重要。
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英文原文：Circuit analysis with MATLABThe electrical appliances is becoming more and more important in today’s world where computer technology, internet technology and communication technology are developing rapidly and people’s life has been greatly improved.Circuit analysis is a necessary course and basic knowledge for electronic special student. It is the foundation of circuit maintenance and circuit application. As one of the most important subjects for an under-graduated student who’s mayor in electronic information engineering, circuit analysis state for the professional capability. With the development of the circuit analysis field, circuits get more complicated and simulation technology using computer grown up. Dynamic circuit analysis is the most difficult, which takes time and a huge mount of manual work especially when circuit is complicated. So we uses the Matlab/Simulink simulation tools and the power system block model library to make analysis on several simple circuit such as the alternating urgent steady-state circuit、direct current steady-state circuit and first-order dynamic circuit. The circuits are programmed by Matlab language and simulate it by Simulink tools. Although simulation by computer software can not replace the traditional way, it helps people to understand circuit analysis directly and effectively. By these tools，people can demonstrate the circuit performances and reduce complicated calculation. It makes us save a lot of work. During this process，we know how Matlab/Simulink work and show the advantage of Matlab/Simulink tools on circuit analysis，it turns out to be simple，convenience，efficient and flexible.MATLAB is a high-performance language for technical computing. It integrates computation, visualization, and programming in an easy-to-use environment where problems and solutions are expressed in familiar mathematical notation. Typical uses include:1．Math and computation2．Algorithm development3．Modeling, simulation, and prototyping4．Data analysis, exploration, and visualization5．Scientific and engineering graphics6．Application development, including graphical user interface buildingMATLAB is an interactive system whose basic data element is an array that does not require dimensioning. That allows you to solve many technical computing problems, especially those with matrix and vector formations in a fraction of the time, which would take a lot of time to write a program in a scalar non-interactive language such as C or FORTRAN.The name MATLAB stands for matrix laboratory. MATLAB was originally written to provide easy access to matrix software developed by the LINPACK and EISPACK projects. Today, MATLAB engines incorporate the LAPACK and BLAS libraries, embedding the state of the art in software for matrix computation.MATLAB has evolved over a period of years with input many users. In university environments, it is the standard instructional tool for introductory and advancedcourses in mathematics, engineering, and science. In industry, MATLAB is the tool of choice for high-productivity research, development, and analysis.MATLAB features a family of add-on application-specific solutions called toolboxes. Very important to most users of MATLAB, toolboxes allow you to learn and apply specialized technology. Toolboxes are comprehensive collections of MATLAB functions (M-files) that extend the MATLAB environment to solve particular classes of problem. Areas in which toolboxes are available include signal processing, control systems, neural networks, fuzzy logic, wavelets, simulat ion, and many others.The MATLAB system consists of five main parts:Development environment. This is the set of tools and facilities that help you use MATLAB functions and files. Many of these tools are graphical user interfaces. It includes the MATLAB desktop and Command Windows, a command history, an editor and debugger, and browsers for viewing help, the workspaces, files, and the search path.The MATLAB Mathematical Function Library. This is a vast collection of computational algorithms ranging from elementary functions like sum, sine, cosine, and complex arithmetic, to more sophisticated functions like matrix eigenvalue, Bessel functions, and fast Fourier transforms.The MATLAB Language. This is a high-level matrix/array language with control flow statements, functions, data structures, input/output, and object-oriented programming features. It allows both “programming in the small” rapidly create quick and dirty throw-away programs, and “programming in the large” to create complete large and complex application programs.Graphics. MATLAB has extensive facilities for displaying vectors and matrices as graphs, as well as annotating and printing these graphs. It includes high-level functions for two-dimensional and three-dimensional data visualization, image processing, animation, and presentation graphics. It also includes low-level functions that allow you to fully customize the appearance of graphics as well as build complete graphical user interfaces on your MATLAB applications.The MATLAB Application Program Interface(API). This is a library that allows you to write C and FORTRAN programs that interact with MATLAB. It include facilities for calling routines from MATLAB(dynamic linking), calling MATLAB as a computational engine, and for reading and writing MAT-files.In the circuit analysis the RLC two steps electric circuits analysis process is quite complex, and must make the response curve analysis system the performance index extremely to be also difficult. Moreover to the second-order differential equation solution also is quite troublesome, therefore causes the majority the schoolmate which studies this class when studies two steps electric circuits understands quite difficultly. But MATLAB is visible face science and engineering calculation large-scale outstanding science and technology application software, its sentence succinct, the function formidable, simple is practical, in the circuit analysis, the computation has the widespread application. MATLAB provides massive and the rich built-in function, the highly effective succinct sentence, can meet each kind of needs which the electric circuit calculates, the MATLAB language permission plural number directparticipation operation, has satisfied the alternating-current circuit analysis, the computation demand. The MATLAB language may directly draw up the voltage, the electric current measures the chart, but measures the chart analyzes the alternating-current circuit essential important tool, is other computation language strength can not.MATLAB 与电路分析在当今世界，计算机技术，网络技术和通信技术正在迅猛的发展，人民的生活水平逐步提高，电子产品变得越来越重要。