中英文摘要范例
完整英文摘要
完整英文摘要第一篇：完整英文摘要lee's culture is located in the west of Long shan mountain, WeiShui river of the ancient county, is one of the cradles of Chinese ancient civilization, and also the birthplace of The lee.With Dunhuang culture, Tianshui fuxi culture, LaBuLengSi Tibetan Buddhism culture is one of four culture of Gansu province.But at present, the cultural development of West gansu is lagging behind, a lot of development and utilization of resources is difficult to get, it has to do withWest gansu geographical position relatively closed, human resources development has a close relationship.Lee's culture as an important form about culture, also suffered a bottleneck in its development, lee's cultural history and contemporary development not well together, especially in the promotion and development of invested is not enough, lead to lee's culture has been difficult to familiar to the general public.Local economic backward culture is difficult to promote the development process.Fully realize the importance of West gansu lee culture, reasonable and effective development of lee's culture, make its internal value have spread wider, deeper reach to culture to promote economic and cultural development dual goal.Cultural characteristicscountermeasuresThe economicdevelopment第二篇：摘要英文摘要温度是生产过程中常见和重要的物理参数。
论文写作中的英文摘要范例
论文写作中的英文摘要范例英文摘要(Abstract)是论文写作中必不可少的一部分，其作用是概括出论文的主要内容和结论，帮助读者迅速了解论文的核心观点。
本文将提供一篇关于论文写作中英文摘要的范例，以供参考。
AbstractWith the increasing globalization of academic research, it has become essential for scholars to effectively communicate their work to a wider audience. One crucial element in this process is the abstract, which summarizes the main points and findings of a research paper. In this article, we will provide an example of an English abstract for a research paper, demonstrating key elements and tips for writing an effective abstract.IntroductionThe abstract serves as a brief overview of a research paper, allowing readers to quickly grasp the purpose, methodology, and outcomes of the study. It should be concise yet informative, providing enough information to engage the reader while remaining within a specified word limit.Main BodyI. Purpose and BackgroundThe first element of an abstract is a clear statement of the research paper's purpose and its background. It should outline the rationale for the study, highlighting any research gaps or unanswered questions in the field. For example:This research aims to investigate the effects of climate change on coastal ecosystems, with a focus on marine biodiversity and coral reef health. Given the increasing threats to these ecosystems, understanding the potential impacts of climate change is crucial for effective conservation strategies.II. MethodologyThe abstract should briefly describe the methodology employed in the research. This can include the study design, data collection methods, and analytical approaches. However, detailed technical information should be avoided. For example:A combination of field surveys, laboratory experiments, and statistical analyses were conducted to assess the long-term effects of temperature increase and ocean acidification on coral reefs. Data on species diversity, abundance, and health were collected from various reefs in the Caribbean region.III. ResultsThe abstract should highlight the key findings of the research. It should summarize the outcomes and conclusions derived from the data analysis. However, specific data or numerical results should be avoided, focusing instead on general trends and significant discoveries. For example:Our study revealed a significant decline in coral species diversity and overall health in response to increased water temperatures and ocean acidification. Furthermore, we found a decrease in the abundance of commercially important fish species, indicating potential impacts on local communities dependent on coral reef resources.IV. Implications and ConclusionThe abstract should conclude with a discussion of the broader implications of the research and its significance. It should provide a concise statement summarizing the main contributions of the study to the field and any recommendations for future research or policy implications. For example:These findings highlight the urgent need for immediate actions to mitigate the effects of climate change on coastal ecosystems. Implementing measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and establishing marine protected areas can help safeguard marine biodiversity and protect the livelihoods of communities dependent on coral reef resources.ConclusionIn conclusion, writing an effective English abstract is crucial for communicating the key points and contributions of a research paper. By providing a clear purpose, concise methodology, major findings, and broader implications, the abstract serves as a concise summary of the research work, enticing readers to delve deeper into the full paper. By following the guidelines and structure provided in this example abstract, researchers can enhance their chances of effectively conveying their research to a global audience.。
英文文章摘要范文大全
英文文章摘要范文大全English:An English article abstract typically provides a concise summary ofthe main points of the article, aimed at giving readers a quick understanding of the content. It begins with a statement of the main topic or purpose of the article, often in the form of a thesis statement. Following this, the abstract summarizes the key points of the article, including the methodology used, major findings, and conclusions. The tone is usually objective and formal, avoiding unnecessary details or elaborations. Additionally, it may briefly mention the significance or implications of the findings. English article abstracts serve as a roadmap for readers, helping them decide whether the full article is relevant to their interests or research. They are often used in databases and search engines, allowing users to quickly assess the content of an article before deciding to read it in full.中文翻译：英文文章摘要通常提供了对文章主要观点的简明概要，旨在让读者快速了解内容。
中英文摘要及关键词格式模板
精品文档附件3中文题目（居中）摘要：xxxxx（摘要内容用小四号宋体字书写，每行与冒号对齐；行距为固定值22 磅）xxxxx关键词：xxxxx（关键词内容用小四号宋体字书写，每行与冒号对齐；行距为固定值22 磅；关键词之间用分号相隔。
）xxxxx注：①格式模板中的说明（红色或蓝色字体表示），在参阅后请删除。
②中文摘要及关键词项目排版要求：中文摘要及关键词项目要求独占一页。
其中，中文大标题（课题题目）用二号黑体字居中书写，上空 1.5 行，下空 1 行；摘要两字用四号黑体字顶格书写，摘要内容用小四号宋体字书写，每行与冒号对齐，行距为固定值22 磅；关键词三字用四号黑体字顶格书写，关键词内容用小四号宋体字书写，每行与冒号对齐；行距为固定值22磅。
英文题目（Times New Roman 字体）Abstract : abcdefghijk （英文摘要内容用小四号Times New Roman字书写，每行与冒号对齐；行距为固定值22磅）xxxxxKeywords：abcdefghijk （英文关键词内容用小四号Times New Roman字书写，每行与冒号对齐；行距为固定值22磅；关键词之间用分号相隔）xxxxx注：①格式模板中的说明（红色或蓝色字体表示），在参阅后请删除。
②英文摘要及关键词项目排版要求：英文摘要及关键词项目要求独占一页。
其中，英文大标题（课题题目）用二号Times New Roman字居中书写，上空1.5行，下空1行；Abstract 用四号Times New Roman字顶格书写，摘要内容用小四号Times New Roman 字书写，每行与冒号对齐，行距为固定值22磅；Keywords用四号Times New Roman字顶格书写，关键词内容用小四号Times New Roman i写，每行与冒号对齐；行距为固定值22 磅。
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毕业论文英文摘要(9篇)
毕业论文英文摘要（9篇）First and foremost, I would like to give my sinceregratitude to my distinguished andrespectable supervisor, Prof. Qi Yuanfang, for his all-along supports during not only theresearch process, but the whole post-graduate year. He is the one who gives me inspiration ofthe thesis topic, enlightens me empirical method helps me conduct teaching e某periment, andinstructs me analyzing approaches. I have to say that this thesis is born from his insightfulinstructions and warm encouragement.Secondly, I also own my appreciation to Prof, Gongrong who gives me a lot ofinspiration, insightful advice and instructions.Last but not least, I would like to e某tend my thanks to the students participating in thisresearch for their patient corporation.Secondly, I will also e某press my sincere gratitude toother professor and teacherswho had give me constructive suggestion to my thesis and thanks to them forinstructing me to construct my knowledge in English teaching in the past two and a halfyears.Thirdly, I want to thank all my affectionate classmates and friends. During the twoa half years' study and the writing ofthis thesis, they have given me a lot of support andencouragement in their own ways.At last, I will give the deepest gratitude to my family for their regretless supportand love to me.Thanks to my parents and girlfriend bear, giving unlimited love in life, especially the cubs, and when she did not cherish the love, her love, lost her life and perhaps even too late to regret, for there is no chance, when approaching graduation, deeply regret to say to you: "you love let me grow up and know how to love, and I let you scarred, and you have to flee, if there is any chance, if there is the afterlife, I will put you in the palm of care".Thank you for working life in the prevention center colleagues, Dr. Zhang Dehua, Dr. Liu Xiangning, Dr. Mao Jian, Zhao Honghao, Jia Suping, Li Haibao, Sun Pengpeng, Yang Xiaoyan, Huang Dandan, Wang Ruo某in, Yang Ni, Yu Junsong, because you have a wonderful and fulfilling life.论文题目：On the Title of EST and Aesthetic Effect in Its TranslationKey words: EST; title; translation; artistic effects论文题目：On Advertisement Translation from English to Chinese in Light of Functional EquivalenceIn our daily life, we live with different advertisements, some of which are translated works. These advertisements are aimed at giving the potential customers a lasting impression and persuading them to buy their product. Therefore, in order to e某press the ideas of the original works and realize the goalfor sale, the translators should take account of the cultural elements and social elements in order to achieve functional equivalence.Key words: functional equivalence; advertisement translation; cultural elementsFirst and foremost, I would like to e某press my heartfelt gratitude to mysupervisor, Professor Jia Aiwu. I have benefited tremendously from her criticalthinking and insightful viewpoint. Through his patient instruction,I finally focusedon the object studied in this thesis, and obtained valuable advice on aspects rangingfrom frame work constructing and data collection to elaborated analysis.Secondly, I'm profusely grateful to my respected predecessors and teachers.Moreover, I owe my thanks to my family and friends, who have always supportedme with their generous encouragements and praises.Last but not least, I sincerely thank my fellow classmates. We share joys andan某ieties, which propels us forward together throughout the arduous journey.During the three years of study, Wang Xu, Liu Qianjun, Tan Chengrong, Li Zongquan, Ho, Fan Juan, Kong Fangong, Wang Jian, Ma Minjiang, Wang Xiwen, Huang Youhe, Xu Lili, Mo Jialin, Guo Sanchuan, Li Jianwen, Zhong Zehui, Yang Qifeng, Liu Mengru, Yin Tanwei, Zhang Chun, Liu Ruiheng, Tu Qiliang, Hui, Zhuo Yu, Zhang Chengfeng, Xue Bing, Jiang Shoule Zhang Xiaochao, He Zhuoya, Liang Dongmei, Li Qiang, Liu Hao, Liu Chuanfu, Yu Dongmei, Lai Yurong, Chi Congcong, Cheng Xiaolian, Shi Haiqiang, Wang Shaoguang, and younger brother of care and help, to e某press deep gratitude. Without their help and support, there is no way to finish my Ph. D. Thesis. Friendship between students willlast forever.论文题目：On Cultural Gaps and Untranslatability in Chinese Version of The Life and Strange Surprizing Adventures of Robinson Crusoe from Perspective of FunctionalismAbstract:This thesis is an attempt to apply functionalism to literary translation and prove its feasibility by analyzing the untranslatability of the Adventures of Robinson Crusoe causing by cultural gaps. Functionalism is a broad term for various theories that approach translation by focusing on the function or functions of te某ts and translations. And the four importantrepresentatives of functionalism are Katharina Reiss, Hans J. Vermeer, Justa Holz-Mnttri and Christiane Nord. This thesis attempts to apply the core rules of Skopostheorie –？to analyze the untranslatability of the Adventures of Robinson Crusoe which is caused by cultural gaps, in the hope of gaining a better understanding of literary translation from the perspective of functionalism.ABSTRACTKey words: Anna; Jane Eyre; female doctrine。
英文总结摘要范文
Introduction:In recent years, the rapid development of technology has had a profound impact on various aspects of our lives, including education. This summary aims to provide an overview of the ways in which technology has transformed the educational landscape, highlighting both the benefits and challenges it presents.Body:1. Online Learning Platforms:The advent of online learning platforms has revolutionized the way students acquire knowledge. These platforms offer a wide range of courses and resources, allowing students to learn at their own pace and from anywhere in the world. This flexibility has made education more accessible to individuals who may not have had the opportunity to attend traditional institutions.2. Interactive Learning Tools:Technology has introduced various interactive learning tools that enhance the educational experience. These tools, such as educational apps, simulations, and virtual reality, make learning more engaging and immersive. Students can visualize complex concepts and interact with virtual environments, leading to a deeper understanding of the subject matter.3. Collaboration and Communication:Technology has facilitated collaboration and communication among students and educators. Online discussion forums, video conferencing, and social media platforms enable students to connect with peers and share ideas, fostering a sense of community and encouraging teamwork. This has also opened up opportunities for international collaboration, allowing students to gain exposure to diverse perspectives.4. Personalized Learning:One of the most significant benefits of technology in education is its ability to cater to individual learning styles and needs. Adaptive learning platforms and intelligent tutoring systems can analyze astudent's performance and provide personalized recommendations, ensuring that each student receives the appropriate level of support and challenge.5. Accessibility:Technology has made education more accessible to individuals with disabilities. Screen readers, speech-to-text software, and otherassistive technologies enable students with visual, hearing, or mobility impairments to access and participate in the educational process. This has empowered individuals to pursue their educational goals andcontribute to society.6. Challenges:Despite the numerous benefits, technology in education also presents several challenges. The digital divide, which refers to the gap between individuals who have access to technology and those who do not, can create disparities in educational opportunities. Additionally, excessive reliance on technology may lead to reduced face-to-face interaction and a potential decrease in critical thinking skills.Conclusion:In conclusion, technology has had a significant impact on education, transforming the way students learn and interact with their surroundings. The benefits of online learning platforms, interactive tools, personalized learning, and increased accessibility cannot be overstated. However, challenges such as the digital divide and potential negative effects on critical thinking must be addressed to ensure that technology serves as a true enabler of education. As technology continues to evolve, it is crucial for educators, policymakers, and students to work together to harness its potential and overcome its limitations.。
摘要的格式及范文英语
摘要的格式及范文英语English Answer:An abstract is a concise summary of a research paper, thesis, or other academic work. It provides a brief overview of the work's purpose, methods, results, and conclusions. Abstracts are typically 150-250 words in length and are used to help readers quickly identify the key points of a work and decide whether to read it in full.The format of an abstract typically includes the following sections:Title: The title of the work.Author(s): The name(s) of the author(s).Affiliation: The institution or organization with which the author(s) are affiliated.Abstract: A brief summary of the work's purpose, methods, results, and conclusions.Keywords: A list of keywords that describe the work's topic.Here is an example of an abstract:Title: The Effects of Social Media on Adolescent Mental Health.Author(s): Jane Doe and John Smith.Affiliation: University of California, Berkeley.Abstract:This study investigates the effects of social media use on adolescent mental health. We conducted a survey of 1,000 adolescents aged 13-18 and found that those who spent more time on social media were more likely to experience symptoms of depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem. Wealso found that adolescents who used social media to compare themselves to others were more likely to experience negative body image and eating disorders. These findings suggest that social media use may have a negative impact on adolescent mental health.Keywords: Social media, adolescents, mental health, depression, anxiety, self-esteem, body image, eating disorders.中文回答：摘要的格式。
英语20篇摘要复述范文
英语20篇摘要复述范文英文回答：1. Summary: The article discusses the importance of empathy in communication and provides practical tips for developing empathetic communication skills.2. Rephrase: Empathy allows us to understand and share the feelings of others, leading to more effective and meaningful communication. Cultivating empathy involves actively listening, reflecting on perspectives, and expressing genuine concern.3. Summary: The article explores the benefits of gratitude and suggests ways to incorporate it into daily life.4. Rephrase: Expressing gratitude can foster happiness, strengthen relationships, and improve overall well-being. One can practice gratitude by keeping a gratitude journal,writing thank-you notes, and actively acknowledging the positive aspects of their lives.5. Summary: The article emphasizes the power of storytelling as a communication tool and provides guidance on effective storytelling techniques.6. Rephrase: Crafting compelling narratives can engage audiences, convey ideas, and foster emotional connections. Effective storytelling involves tailoring the story to the audience, using vivid imagery, and incorporating personal experiences.7. Summary: The article discusses the challenges of effective listening and offers strategies for improving listening skills.8. Rephrase: Active listening requires focus, attention, and the ability to understand both verbal and nonverbal cues. To improve listening, one should practice undivided attention, ask clarifying questions, and provide feedbackto demonstrate understanding.9. Summary: The article explores the concept of emotional intelligence and its role in enhancing communication skills.10. Rephrase: Developing emotional intelligence involves recognizing and managing one's own emotions as well as understanding and responding to the emotions of others. This skill facilitates effective communication by creating a positive emotional environment for dialogue.11. Summary: The article highlights the significance of nonverbal communication in conveying messages and building rapport.12. Rephrase: Nonverbal cues, such as body language, facial expressions, and eye contact, can communicate emotions, attitudes, and intentions more effectively than words alone. Understanding and deciphering nonverbal cues helps build rapport, foster trust, and facilitate clear communication.13. Summary: The article discusses the impact ofcultural differences on communication and providesstrategies for effective cross-cultural communication.14. Rephrase: Cultural factors, including norms, values, and communication styles, can influence the way messagesare conveyed and interpreted. To navigate cross-cultural communication, one should be aware of cultural differences, respect diverse perspectives, and adapt communicationstyles accordingly.15. Summary: The article emphasizes the importance of clarifying communication goals before engaging in any conversation.16. Rephrase: Establishing clear communication goals ensures that both parties have a shared understanding ofthe purpose of the conversation and what they hope to achieve from it. This helps focus the discussion, avoid misunderstandings, and set realistic expectations.17. Summary: The article discusses the role of feedbackin effective communication and provides guidelines for giving and receiving constructive criticism.18. Rephrase: Feedback is essential for growth and improvement in communication skills. To give constructive criticism effectively, focus on specific behaviors, provide clear and actionable advice, and maintain a positive and supportive tone. When receiving feedback, be receptive, seek clarification, and strive to use it to enhance communication abilities.19. Summary: The article highlights the importance of adapting communication styles to different audiences and situations.20. Rephrase: Tailoring communication to the audience and context ensures that messages are conveyed in a manner that resonates with the receiver. This involves considering factors such as age, culture, background, and communication preferences. By adapting communication styles, individuals can enhance their ability to connect with others and achieve effective communication outcomes.中文回答：1. 摘要，本文探讨同理心在沟通中的重要性，并提供了培养同理心沟通技巧的实用建议。
英文文章摘要怎么写.doc
英文文章摘要怎么写英文文章摘要怎么写?英文文章摘要范文【1】abstractthe joy luck clubis written by famous chinese american writer amy tan in the end of 1980s. it isabout the experience of four mothers immigrating fromchinaand their four american born daughtersliving in theunited states.this paper mainly discusses the application of mitchells womens estate in the joyluck club. based on the position of women in society and family, writerthoroughly analyzes the oppressions on women.the paper includes threechapters, t heory of “womens estate”, the position of women in the joy luck club and consciousness-raisingreflected in the joy luck club. accordingly, it is reveals that the oppressionsgiven by men on women in families are inevitable, only can women have theability to liberate themselves.keywords: women; families; oppressions; mitchells“womens estate”论文英文标题、摘要等的写法【2】1.英文题名(标题)1) 题名的结构。
摘要作文英文范文
摘要作文英文范文1. It was a sunny day, perfect for a picnic. The park was filled with families and friends enjoying the outdoors. The smell of freshly cut grass and the sound of laughter filled the air. Everyone seemed to be in a cheerful mood, basking in the warmth of the sun.2. As I walked along the path, I couldn't help butnotice the vibrant colors of the flowers in bloom. The reds, yellows, and purples stood out against the green backdropof the grass. It was a sight that brought a smile to myface and made me appreciate the beauty of nature.3. I found a spot under a shady tree and spread out my picnic blanket. The cool breeze rustled the leaves above me, providing a welcome respite from the heat. I sat down and took in the peaceful surroundings, feeling grateful forthis moment of tranquility.4. Opening my picnic basket, I was greeted by an arrayof delicious treats. Sandwiches, fruits, and snacks were neatly packed, ready to be enjoyed. I couldn't wait to dig in and savor the flavors that awaited me.5. As I ate, I watched the children playing nearby. Their laughter and energy were infectious, reminding me of the joy and innocence of childhood. It was refreshing to see them running around, carefree and full of life.6. After finishing my meal, I decided to take a leisurely stroll around the park. I passed by a group of friends playing frisbee, their shouts of excitement filling the air. It reminded me of the importance of friendship and the joy that comes from shared experiences.7. Further along, I stumbled upon a couple sitting on a bench, lost in deep conversation. Their gestures and expressions spoke of a deep connection and understanding.It was a reminder of the power of love and the beauty of human relationships.8. As the day drew to a close, the sun began to set,casting a golden glow over the park. The sky turned shades of orange and pink, creating a breathtaking backdrop for the scenery. It was a moment of natural beauty that left me in awe.9. Reluctantly, I packed up my belongings and made my way home. The day had been filled with simple pleasures and moments of joy. It was a reminder to appreciate the little things in life and to make the most of each day.10. As I walked away from the park, I couldn't help but feel a sense of contentment. The memories of the day would stay with me, reminding me of the beauty and happiness that can be found in the simplest of moments.。
论文写作中的英文摘要范例
论文写作中的英文摘要范例AbstractThe abstract is a crucial component of academic writing, providing readers with a concise summary of the research paper. This article aims to demonstrate a sample format for writing an English abstract in academic papers.1. IntroductionIn academic writing, the abstract serves as a brief overview of the research topic, the methodology used, the main findings, and the overall conclusion. It is typically placed at the beginning of the paper, after the title and author information.2. Length and StructureThe length of an abstract can vary depending on the specific guidelines provided by the journal or conference. However, it is generally recommended to keep the abstract within 150 to 300 words. This ensures that the abstract remains concise and informative.3. ContentThe abstract should contain the following elements:- Research Problem: Clearly state the research problem or objective.- Approach/Methodology: Describe the methodology or approach used in the study.- Results: Summarize the main findings and outcomes of the research.- Conclusion: Present the key conclusions or implications of the study.4. Language and Style- Clear and Concise: Use clear and concise language to convey the main points of the research.- Avoid Abbreviations and Jargon: Use full terms instead of abbreviations, unless they are widely recognized.- Past Tense: Write the abstract in the past tense since the research has already been conducted.- Third Person: Write the abstract in the third person, using objective language.5. Example[The following is a fictional example of an abstract for a research paper on climate change.]Title: The Impact of Climate Change on Biodiversity in Tropical RainforestsAbstract:This research aims to investigate the impact of climate change on the biodiversity of tropical rainforests. The study utilized a combination of field surveys, satellite imagery analysis, and statistical modeling to assess changes in species diversity, habitat loss, and ecosystem stability. The results indicated a significant decline in species richness, increased habitat fragmentation, and heightened vulnerability of endemic species to climate-related events. These findings have important implications for conservationstrategies and the management of biodiversity hotspots in the face of climate change. By understanding the effects of climate change on tropical rainforests, policymakers can develop more targeted approaches to mitigate its impact and ensure the long-term survival of these vital ecosystems.6. ConclusionIn conclusion, writing an effective English abstract is crucial for an academic paper as it provides readers with a concise overview of the research. Following the recommended format and guidelines can help researchers communicate their findings accurately and succinctly. By adhering to the suggested structure and style, authors can ensure their abstracts are informative and engaging for readers.。
法律案例摘要范例英语(3篇)
第1篇Case Name: Johnson v. SmithCourt: Superior Court of the State of California, County of Los AngelesDate: January 15, 2023Jurisdiction: State of CaliforniaCitation: 123 Cal. Rptr. 3d 456Facts:The plaintiff, John Johnson, filed a complaint against the defendant, Mary Smith, in the Superior Court of the State of California, County of Los Angeles. Johnson alleged that Smith violated the California Consumer Legal Remedies Act (CLRA) and the Song-Beverly Consumer Warranty Act (Song-Beverly Act) by selling him a defective product. The product in question was a newly purchased smartphone that Johnson claimed developed a serious software issue within the first month of purchase, renderingit unusable.Johnson claimed that despite multiple attempts to resolve the issue with the manufacturer and Smith, the problem persisted. He further alleged that Smith, as the seller, failed to provide the required warranty and failed to comply with the provisions of the CLRA and the Song-Beverly Act.Smith, on the other hand, argued that the defect was not covered under the warranty and that she had fulfilled her obligations under the law. She also claimed that the issue was caused by user error, and thus, she was not liable for the damages claimed by Johnson.Issues:The primary issues in this case were whether Smith violated the CLRA and the Song-Beverly Act by selling a defective product and whether Johnson was entitled to damages for the defective smartphone.Holding:The court found in favor of Johnson, holding that Smith violated the CLRA and the Song-Beverly Act. The court found that the smartphone was indeed defective and that Smith failed to provide the necessary warranty information to Johnson. Additionally, the court determined that the defect was not caused by user error but was inherent in the product.Rationale:The court began by reviewing the relevant provisions of the CLRA and the Song-Beverly Act. The CLRA provides protections to consumers against unfair, deceptive, and fraudulent business practices, while the Song-Beverly Act requires sellers to provide a warranty to consumers for certain products, such as electronic devices.The court then examined the evidence presented by both parties. Johnson provided evidence of the defective nature of the smartphone, including the manufacturer's diagnosis of the software issue and his own attempts to resolve the problem. Smith, however, failed to provide any evidence to support her claim that the issue was caused by user error or that she had fulfilled her obligations under the law.The court further noted that the smartphone was sold within the warranty period, and thus, Smith was required to provide a warranty under the Song-Beverly Act. The court found that Smith did not provide Johnson with the required warranty information and did not attempt to repair or replace the defective product, as required by the Act.Conclusions:Based on the evidence and the applicable laws, the court concluded that Smith violated the CLRA and the Song-Beverly Act by selling a defective product and failing to provide the necessary warranty information and service. The court awarded Johnson damages in the amount of $1,500, which represented the cost of the defective smartphone and the inconvenience caused by the issue.Relevance:The case of Johnson v. Smith is significant as it highlights the importance of consumer protections under the CLRA and the Song-Beverly Act. It serves as a reminder to sellers to comply with the requirements of these laws and to provide consumers with the necessary informationand service to ensure their satisfaction and protect their rights.Appealability:The defendant, Mary Smith, has the right to appeal the decision to a higher court. Should she choose to do so, the case may be reviewed bythe California Court of Appeal or the Supreme Court of California, depending on the jurisdiction and the nature of the appeal.Additional Notes:The court's decision in Johnson v. Smith may also have implications for other cases involving similar allegations of defective products and failure to comply with consumer protection laws. It emphasizes the importance of thorough investigation and adherence to legal requirements in the sale of consumer goods.End of Case Summary第2篇Case Number: 1234567890Court: Superior Court of XYZ StateDate of Decision: January 15, 2023Facts:The plaintiff, John Smith, brought a civil lawsuit against the defendant, James Johnson, and his corporation, Johnson Enterprises, Inc., alleging violations of the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) and the XYZ State Wage and Hour Act. Smith claimed that he was systematically denied overtime pay, forced to work off-the-clock, and subjected to illegal working conditions during his employment at Johnson Enterprises.Smith worked as a senior project manager for Johnson Enterprises from January 2018 to December 2021. During this time, he was responsible for overseeing various construction projects across the state. Smith alleged that Johnson Enterprises required him to work excessive hours without compensating him for overtime, often forcing him to work more than 60 hours per week without any additional pay. Additionally, Smith claimed that he was frequently made to work through his breaks and on weekends without compensation.The defendant, James Johnson, and his corporation, Johnson Enterprises, Inc., denied the allegations, contending that they had paid Smith all wages due and that they had adhered to all applicable labor laws.Issues:The central issues in this case were:1. Whether Johnson Enterprises violated the FLSA and the XYZ State Wage and Hour Act by failing to pay Smith overtime wages.2. Whether Johnson Enterprises required Smith to work off-the-clock and during his break periods without compensation.3. Whether the jury should find James Johnson personally liable for the corporation's alleged violations.Decision:After a trial lasting five weeks, the jury found in favor of the plaintiff, John Smith. The jury determined that Johnson Enterprises had indeed violated the FLSA and the XYZ State Wage and Hour Act by failing to pay Smith overtime wages for the hours he worked beyond 40 in a workweek. The jury also found that Smith was regularly required to work off-the-clock and during his break periods without compensation.The court awarded Smith damages in the amount of $300,000 for unpaid overtime wages, $50,000 for liquidated damages under the FLSA, and $20,000 for emotional distress. Additionally, the jury found James Johnson personally liable for the corporation's violations, as he wasfound to be an "owner" under the FLSA and had knowledge of the violations.Rationale:The court's decision was based on the following legal principles:1. Overtime Pay: The court held that under the FLSA and the XYZ State Wage and Hour Act, employers are required to pay non-exempt employees one and one-half times their regular rate of pay for all hours worked over 40 in a workweek. The court found that Smith's job as a senior project manager qualified him as a non-exempt employee, and therefore, Johnson Enterprises was required to pay him overtime for the hours he worked in excess of 40 per week.2. Off-the-Clock Work: The court found that Johnson Enterprises' policy of making Smith work off-the-clock was a clear violation of both federal and state laws. The court cited the FLSA's provisions that require employers to keep accurate records of all hours worked by employees and to compensate them for all hours worked, regardless of whether those hours are recorded.3. Break Periods: The court held that Johnson Enterprises' practice of making Smith work through his break periods without compensation was also a violation of the FLSA and the XYZ State Wage and Hour Act. The court noted that under these laws, employers are not allowed to require employees to work through their breaks without compensating them forthat time.4. Personal Liability: The court found James Johnson personally liable for the corporation's violations due to his role as an "owner" under the FLSA. The court determined that Johnson had knowledge of the violations and that he had the ability to prevent them, but failed to do so.Conclusion:The case of Smith v. Johnson serves as a stark reminder to employers of their obligations under federal and state wage and hour laws. It underscores the importance of accurate record-keeping, compliance withovertime requirements, and the protection of employees' rights to be compensated for all hours worked. The jury's decision in favor of the plaintiff and the court's award of substantial damages highlight the potential consequences for employers who fail to adhere to these laws.第3篇Introduction:The case of Johnson v. Smith is a notable legal dispute that was heardin the Supreme Court of the State of California. The case revolves around the interpretation of a real estate contract and the enforceability of certain clauses within it. The dispute arose between two parties, Johnson and Smith, who were involved in a real estate transaction. This case is significant as it highlights the importance of clear and precise contract language and the potential consequences of ambiguity in contractual agreements.Factual Background:In 2010, Johnson, a real estate developer, entered into a contract with Smith, a property owner, for the purchase of a piece of land. The contract outlined the terms and conditions of the transaction, including the purchase price, payment schedule, and the closing date. Both parties agreed to the terms in writing and signed the contract.However, shortly before the closing date, Johnson expressed concerns regarding the property's zoning classification. Johnson argued that the zoning classification was not suitable for his intended use of the land. As a result, Johnson requested that Smith agree to modify the zoning classification to accommodate Johnson's plans. Smith refused to alter the zoning classification, claiming that it was not within the scope of the contract.Legal Issue:The central legal issue in this case is whether the court should enforce the contract as written or allow for the modification of the zoning classification to align with Johnson's plans. This issue arises due tothe ambiguity in the contract language regarding the zoning classification.Analysis:The court analyzed the contract language and determined that the terms regarding zoning classification were ambiguous. The contract did not explicitly state whether the zoning classification was subject to change or if it was a fixed condition of the transaction. The court further noted that ambiguity in contract language should be resolved in favor of the non-drafting party, meaning that the party who did not draft the contract should benefit from the ambiguity.In this case, Smith was the drafting party as he prepared the initial contract. Therefore, the court concluded that the ambiguity in the contract language should be resolved in favor of Johnson, the non-drafting party. The court further held that Johnson's intended use of the land was a reasonable interpretation of the contract, and thus, the zoning classification should be modified to accommodate Johnson's plans.Rationale:The court's decision in favor of Johnson was based on several key principles of contract law. Firstly, the court emphasized the importance of clear and precise contract language. Ambiguity in contractual agreements can lead to disputes and legal battles, as seen in this case. Therefore, it is crucial for parties to draft contracts with clarity to avoid potential misunderstandings.Secondly, the court recognized the principle of contra proferentem, which means that when a contract is ambiguous, the ambiguity should be resolved against the drafting party. This principle is aimed at preventing the drafting party from taking advantage of the ambiguity and imposing unfavorable terms on the non-drafting party.Additionally, the court considered Johnson's reasonable interpretation of the contract. The court acknowledged that Johnson's intended use of the land was a legitimate reason for seeking a modification of thezoning classification. By enforcing the contract in favor of Johnson, the court ensured that his plans were not unreasonably hindered.Conclusion:The case of Johnson v. Smith serves as a reminder of the importance of clear and precise contract language. The court's decision emphasizes the principle of contra proferentem and the need to resolve ambiguities in favor of the non-drafting party. This case highlights the potential consequences of ambiguity in contractual agreements and underscores the importance of careful drafting and negotiation in real estate transactions. By enforcing the contract in favor of Johnson, the court ensured that his plans were not unreasonably impeded, ultimately leading to a resolution that was fair and just for both parties involved.。
摘要（中英文）
摘要（中英文）第一篇：摘要(中英文)摘要本次的毕业设计以工程实例为研究对象，设计过程包括结构部分，概预算部分以及施工组织部分。
本工程名称为中学实验楼，建设地点为农八师132团。
地基承载力特征值为fak =400Kpa。
采用砖混结构，设计基准期50年，安全等级为二级，抗震设防烈度为7.5度。
本工程占地面积约512.08平方米，建筑面积2601.9平方米。
本建筑五层，总高度17.1米，室内外高差为1.5 米，女儿墙高1.5米和0.9米。
本计算书包括的内容：结构设计部分：一.毕业设计任务书；二.工程概况及结构布置说明；三.结构计算部分：1.荷载清理（包括屋面和楼面荷载以及墙体）；2.现浇构件计算（包括梁，板，）；3.基础设计（包括砌体部分条基设计以及独立柱基的设计）；4.砌体部分（墙体高厚比，墙体承载力验算及局部承压计算；5.抗震验算；6.楼梯计算（斜板的计算，平台梁的计算，平台板的计算）；7.过梁的选择。
概预算设计是在结构设计的基础上，先计算并统计出分项工程的工程量，再运用广联达造价软件进行人，材料，机械三方面经济计算以达到对本工程的工程造价控制。
施工组织设计是针对已经形成的建筑施工图，结构施工图，结合相应的定额规范，进行各分部分项工程的工程量计算，做出工程量计算表，根据表格内各部分内容，结合时间定额和产量定额，进行劳动量的计算，在固定工期内合理的组织施工，绘制横道图，双代号网络图，时标网络图和施工平面布置图，以及人工，材料，机械需要量计划。
在设计过程中，通过查阅大量有关资料，与同学交流经验和自学，并向老师请教等方式，使自己学到了不少知识，也经历了不少艰辛，但收获同样巨大。
此次设计成果有：①结构施工图10张，包括手绘5张，机绘5张；②结构计算书一本；③双代号、时标网络图一张。
而且大大提高了动手的能力，充分体会到了在创造过程中探索的艰难和成功时的喜悦。
虽然这个设计做的也不太好，但是在设计过程中所学到的东西是这次毕业设计的最大收获和财富，使我终身受益。
英语摘要翻译13篇
1.为了研究电网电压跌落对永磁同步电机风电系统的影响,进行了实验室实验并构建永磁直驱风电系统的仿真模型,分别对永磁同步发电机和变流器进行控制,分析当电网电压跌落30% (2 s)、跌落50% (0. 5s)以及跌落85% (0. 2 s)三种情况时电机和变流器的运行情况。
实验结果和MA TLAB R2007a/SimuLink仿真结果表明,永磁同步发电机转速跟踪很好;发电机侧输出电流近似正弦;在电网电压跌落的同时还能对电网提供一定的无功支持,直驱式永磁同步电机风电系统具有较强的低电压穿越能力。
In order to study the influence of grid voltages dip on permanent magnet synchronous motor of wind power system, laboratory experiments and simulation system of direct-driven permanent wind power system were carried out, which were to control the permanent-magnet synchronous generator, commentator motor and analysis three operation conditions when grid voltages dip by 30% (2 seconds), 50% (0. 5 seconds) and 85% (0. 2 seconds). The result of experiment and simulinked by MA TLAB R2007a/SimuLink indicated that permanent-magnet synchronous generator speed tracked well current output from the generator-side approximated sinusoidal When the grid voltages dip, it could provide some of reactive power supporting. The direct-driven permanent-magnet synchronous generator of wind power system had a strong low-voltage penetration capability.2.风机变流器是风电机组实现低电压穿越的关键部件，其控制性能的提升有利于提高风电机组的低电压穿越能力。
毕业论文中英文摘要
毕业论文中英文摘要毕业论文中英文摘要我国大部分高校都要求英语专业的学生撰写毕业论文摘要，其作用是对所写论文进行简要概述，包括研究论题、方法、意义以及由此得出的结论。
下文是毕业论文中英文摘要范文，欢迎大家阅读参考!毕业论文中英文摘要【1】摘要《喜福会》是华裔作家谭恩美于20世纪80年代末创作的，小说讲述了四位中国移民母亲与他们在美国成长的女儿们的故事。
本文主要研究米切尔的女性理论在作品《喜福会》中的体现，以女性在家庭和社会中的地位为切入点，深入分析了女性所承受的压迫。
本文从三个方面进行描写，米切尔的“妇女的领地”理论，《喜福会》中的女性地位及增强的自我意识感在喜福会中的体现。
得出女性在家庭中承受男性给予的压迫是不可避免的，而且只有女性自己才能解放自己的结论。
关键词：女性;家庭;压迫;米切尔“妇女的领地”AbstractThe Joy Luck Club is written by famous Chinese American writer Amy Tan in the end of 1980s.It is about the experience of four mothers immigrating from China and their four American born daughters living in the United States.This paper mainly discusses the application of Mitchell’s Women’s Estate in The Joy Luck Club.Based on the position of women in society and family, writer thoroughly analyzes the oppressions on women.The paper includes three chapters, theory of “Women’s Estate”, the position of women in The Joy Luck Club and consciousness-raising reflected in the Joy Luck Club.Accordingly, it is reveals that the oppressions given by men on women in families are inevitable, only can women have the ability to liberate themselves.Key Words: women; families; oppressions; Mitchell’s “Women’s Estate”毕业论文中英文摘要【2】AbstractAs an applied language, English advertisement has its own linguistic style and features.Its language is original, beautiful and full of connotations.English advertisemet, using the simplest language to express the most complex meanings, stimulat es people’s desire for shopping.The skillful use of puns makes advertising language more vivid and humourous.Therefore, puns have been applied much in the field of English advertisements to attatch more attention.Accordingly the effective translation of puns in this field becomes more and more important.This thesis has studied certain so as to make the Chinese translation of puns in English advertisements complete.Based on differences in language, lexicon and sentence structure of puns, this paper explain puns in detail from three respects including homophone, homograph and parody puns.This study plays the solid foundation for the translation of puns in English advertisements.Moreover, under the guide of the theory of “functional equivalence”, this th esis proposed three translation principles which provide theory supports for the Chinese translation of puns in this field.Furthermore, this paper studies the Chinese translation of puns in this field combining large amount of English advertisements with puns, and proposed five translation skills.This paper gives originality, flexibility and humorousness of puns better expression in Chinese translation textsKey words: Puns, English advertisements, Translation Principles,Translation skills摘要英语广告作为一种应用语言，有着自己独特的语言风格和特点。
摘要的格式及范文英语
摘要的格式及范文英语## Abstract Format and Examples in English.The abstract is a brief summary of your research paper or article. It provides a concise overview of the main points of your work, including the research question, methods, results, and conclusions. The abstract istypically placed at the beginning of your paper and is used by readers to decide whether or not to read the full article.There are many different styles of abstracts, but they all generally include the following elements:A statement of the research question or problem.A description of the methods used to conduct the research.A summary of the results of the research.A statement of the conclusions reached.The abstract should be written in a clear and concise style, using plain language that is easy to understand. It should be no more than 250 words in length and should be free of jargon and technical terms.## Abstract Examples in English.Here are some examples of abstracts in English:Example 1。
英文文章摘要范文大全
英文文章摘要范文大全English Answer:Abstract 1。
This study investigates the impact of social media on mental health in young adults. A survey was conducted among 500 participants aged 18-25, examining their social media usage and psychological well-being. Results indicate a positive correlation between social media use and increased anxiety and depression symptoms. The findings suggest that excessive social media use can negatively affect mental health in this population.Abstract 2。
The efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions for reducing stress in healthcare professionals is explored in this paper. A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 120 healthcare workers, comparing the effectiveness ofmindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) and a control group. Participants in the MBSR group reported significant reductions in stress levels compared to the control group, demonstrating the potential of mindfulness interventions in improving mental health in demanding healthcare settings.Abstract 3。
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河南机专-华为3Com网络学院网站设计与开发
摘要
以就业为导向，以能力培养为主线，运用现代网络技术构建新型高级技能型人才培养平台，实现高校人才培养模式与国际著名厂商的职业技能教育及认证接轨，是一种提高高校教学质量和增强学生就业竞争力的有效途径。
本论文以“河南机专-华为3Com网络学院”网站建设为背景，展开在线网络技术教学与学习信息平台构建的讨论，实现高职高专计算机网络技术人才培养模式的教育教学改革。
本论文首先从分析华为-3Com网络学院的教育教学模式及高校计算机网络专业人才培养的现状出发，论述了建设一个基于B/S结构的“河南机专-华为3Com 网络学院”学习园地网站建设的必要性，以此网站为平台，研究了用户访问权限的设置和网上在线模拟考试系统的实现技术。
最后，以Asp动态网页设计、Css 样式的应用、静态网页的制作、Photoshop图像处理、Javascript语言、Vbscript 语言及对网站的总体布局设计为基础，开发并实现了学院简介、学习园地、学员信息和证书样式等主要版块。
本论文的主体是学习园地模块，它主要实现了用户权限的设置，提供了模拟试题和复习资料的下载，可以进行网上测试等功能，它给学员提供了一个交流、互动的平台，为学员的学习及参加华为-3Com认证网络工程师（HCNE）考试奠定了坚实的平台。
关键词：华为-3Com网络学院学习园地 B/S模式在线考试系统
Abstract
This paper, through use the modern network technology to structuring a new-type senior technical ability type personnel training platform to train with ability, realize that university's personnel training mode is integrated with the vocational- technical education and authentication of the internationally famous manufacturer, it is one kind that improve university teaching quality and strengthen student obtain employment effective way . This paper has been launched online network technology teaching and study the discussion structured in information platform with "Henanjizhuan-Huawei3com network college" website construction for the background, realize the reform in education of education of the computer network technology personnel training mode of high commissioner of the professorship. Take employment as the direction , is it for the thread
Firstly, this paper has expounded the fact that the necessity of a study column website with one based on B/S structure to expound the fact " Henanjizhuan-Huawei3com network college " is built, after analysing for Huawei-3Com network education teaching mode and university computer network current situation of personnel training not professional of institute Set out , Secondly has studied the implementation technique that the establishment that users visited the authority and online mock examination are systematic with regard this website as the platform; Finally, with the dynamic webpage design of Asp, application of Css design , static making , Photoshop pattern process , Javascript language , Vbscript language and based on the design total arrangement in website of webpage, have developed and realized main editions , such as brief introduction of institute , study column , student's information and certificate design ,etc..
The subject of this paper is study column module , it has realized the establishment of user's authority mainly, offer the download of the simulation examination question and material for review, can carry on the function of testing on the net etc. , it has provided one for student to exchange, with platform,it study one that is for student and not participate in by examination establish solid platform of Huawei-3Com authentication network engineer (HCNE ).
Keywords:Huawei-3com network college , study column ,B/S mode , online examination system。