翻译理论与实践修改版 Chapter 1精选课件

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Course Description
Teaching Contents 1. Introduction 2. Disparity Between “Corresponding Words” in
English and Chinese 3. Different Ways of Expressing Actions 4. Different Perspectives Behind the Language 5. Texture of the Sentence Structure 6. Pragmatics and Translation 7. Translation as Cross-Cultural Communication
wk.baidu.com
→当了总经理做起事来就形单影只，也
要有个时时和他交手的人。
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I will teach him to deceive others. （I will punish him so that he will not deceive others.） 我要教训他一顿，看他还敢不敢再欺骗人。
“Ellen, shut the window. I’m starving!” and her teeth chattered as she shrunk closer to the almost extinguished embers. “爱伦，把窗子关上，我快冻死了，”她的 牙齿在打颤，一面蜷缩身子，向快要熄灭的火 炉靠拢。
Three key words from the definitions
1. textual (What we usually translate are texts rather
than independent words or sentences.) Eg. 警幻道：“此茶出在放春山遣香洞，又以仙花灵叶上
从以上的翻译定义来看，我们知道……不可有所增 删。译者的任务只是变换词汇而不是改变其意思。因此 翻译有两个要素：准确性与表达性（忠实与通顺）。
综合各家之长:
翻译是把一种语言表达的意义用另一种语言传达出
来，以达到沟通思想情感、传播文化知识、促进社会文
明，特别是推动译语文化兴精 旺昌盛的目的。
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Eg. When things happen that you don’t like, you have two choices: You get bitter or better.
发生你不喜欢的事情时，你有两种选择： 要么痛苦不堪，要么痛快达观。
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…until absolutely necessary.
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Three key words from the definitions
3. flavor (style)
Eg. “You may run, but you can never hide.” 1)你可以逃亡，但你永远无法把自己藏起来。
简评：直译；词义翻译。译文有感情色彩，且有一定的力量。 适用于Bush的文本和中国受众，也适用于同传和交传。 2)你可以四处逃窜/到处逃亡，但你永远无处藏身。
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1. Definition of Translation (P1-3)
英国The Oxford English Dictionary: to turn from one language into another
美国Webster’s Third New International Dictionary of the English Language: to turn into one’s own or another language
Translation Theory and Practice
Scoring Usual Performance: 20%
(class attendance +class participation + homework )
Final Exam: 80%
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Textbo ok
Approach to Translation Between English and Chinese
简评：直译，词义翻译。译文有感情色彩，用了四字结构、注 意修辞（见下划线），显得更有力量、韵味。适用于Bush的文 本和中国的受众，也适用于同传和交传。
3)不管你怎么逃，（怎么躲，）但是天网恢恢，疏而不漏。
所带之宿露而烹，此茶名曰‘千红一窟’。” (第五回) Thousand Red Flowers in One Cavern Maiden’s Tears
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Three key words from the definitions
2. natural (it is not enough to produce grammatically correct sentencs but idiomatic, natural sentecnces.)
直到绝对必须之时→非到万不得已…
essential information for travellers
供给旅客重要的信息→旅客须知
A managing director has a lonely job. He needs a sparring partner.
一个总经理有一份孤独的工作。他需 要一个拳击练习的对手。
《辞海》、《汉语大词典》：把一种语言文 字的意义用另一种语言文字表达出来。
翻译是将一种语言文化承载的意义转换到另一 种语言文化中的跨语言精、跨文化的交际活动。 4
Nothing should be added to or taken from the original work. The duty of the translator is simply to change the vocabulary, not the thought. In translation therefore, there are two essential elements: accuracy and expressiveness.