高考英语特殊句型复习

4．强调句例句：针对I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.句子进行强调。
强调主语：It was I that (who) met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.
强调宾语：It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.
2．省略了一个从句或从句的一部分，用so或not(切不可用it或 that)代替。
例如：—Is he coming back tonight? —I think so. —Is he feeling better today? —I'm afraid not. 这种用法常见的有：How so? Why so? Is that so? I hope so. He said so.及I suppose not. I believed not. I hope not等。(但I don't think so比I think not更常用)。 四、其它省略 1．连词that的省略： ①宾语从句中常省略连词that，但也有不能省略的情况(参看“名 词性从句”等有关部分)。
③介词but前若有动词do，后面的不定式不带to。 例如：The boy did nothing but play. 3．在某些状语从句中，从句的主语与主句主语一致时 ，可省去“主语 ＋ be”部分。(参看“状语从句”有关部 分) 4．连词if在部分虚拟条件句中可省略，但后面的语序有 变化(参见“倒装句”有关部分) 5．主句与从句各有一些成分省略。 例如：The sooner (you do it), the better (it will be)．
高考英语特殊句型复习
[强调句]
一、强调句句型 1．陈述句的强调句型：It is/ was ＋被强调部分(通常是主语、 宾语或状语)＋ that/ who(当强调主语且主语指人)＋其它部分。 例如：It was yesterday that he met Li Ping. 2．一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。 例如：Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping? 3．特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分(通常是疑问代词或疑 问副词)＋ is/ was ＋ it ＋ that/ who ＋其它部分。 例如：When and where was it that you were born?
三、谓语动词的强调 1．It is/ was...that...结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调 谓语时，用助动词do/ does或did。 例如：Do sit down.务必请坐。 He did write to you last week. 上周他确实给你写了信。 Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时，务必(千万)要小心啊！ 注意：此种强调只用do/ does和did，没有别的形式；过 去时用did，后面的谓语动词用原形。
[倒装] 1．在“there be”结构里，there是引导词，主语在be后。 例如：There is a box on the table. 2．在疑问句中。 例如：Is she singing in the classroom? What does your mother do? 3．在here, there等副词开头的某些句子里(要用一般现在时态)。 如果主语是人称代词，主语和主要动词的词序不变。(完全倒装) 例如：There goes the bell. Here is an apple for you. There she comes.
[省略]
为了使讲话和行文简洁，句中某些成分有时可省略。省略可分以 下几种情况：
一、简单句中的省略 1．省略主语：祈使句中主语通常省略。其它省略主语多限于少 数现成的说法。 例如：(I)Thank you for your help.(括号内为省略的词语，下同) (I) See you tomorrow. (It) Doesn't matter. 2．省略主谓语或主谓语的一部分。 例如： (There is) No smoking. (Is there) Anything wrong? Why (do you) not say hello to him?
3．省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留to。 例如：—Are you going there？—I'd like to (go there)． He did not give me the chance, though he had promised to (give me the chance)． 注意：如果该宾语是be动词或完成时态，则须在to之后加上be或 have。 例如：—Are you an engineer? —No, but I want to be. —He hasn't finished the task yet. —Well, he ought to have. 4．省略表语。 例如：—Are you thirsty? —Yes, I am (thirsty)．
3．省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留to。 例如：—Are you going there？—I'd like to (go there)． He did not give me the chance, though he had promised to (give me the chance)． 注意：如果该宾语是be动词或完成时态，则须在to之后加上be 或have。 例如：—Are you an engineer? —No, but I want to be. —He hasn't finished the task yet. —Well, he ought to have. 4．省略表语。 例如：—Are you thirsty? —Yes, I am (thirsty)．
6．在以never, little, hardly, not only, few, not, seldom等否定副词 开头的句子中，采用部分倒装。如不放在句首就不要倒装。
例如：Little did he say at the meeting. Never shall I forget the day when I joined the Army. 比较：I shall never forget the day when I joined the Army. 7．用于以only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句的句子中。 例如：Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to wrk. Only in this way can we learn English well. 注意：如果only后的词组不是状语，不需倒装。 例如：Only Wang Lili knows this.
②在定语从句中，that在从句中作宾语时可省略。 ③引导主语从句、同位语从句等的连词that一般不可省略。在 表语从句中偶尔可省略。 2．不定式符号to的省略 ①并列的不定式可省去后面的to。 例如：I told him to sit down and wait for a moment. ②某些使役动词(如let, make, have)及感官动词(如see, watch, notice, hear, feel, look at和listen to等)后面作宾语补足语的不定式 一定要省去to，但在被动语态中须把to复原。 例如：—I saw the boy fall from the tree. The boy was seen to fall from the tree.
10．as引导让步状语从句时要倒装(形容词/副词/名词/动词 ＋ as ＋主语 ＋谓语)。
例如：Proud as they are, they are afraid to see me. Child as he is, he seems to know everything.(child前不加冠词) Hard as he worked, he made little progress. 11．用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。 例如：May you succeed! Long live the People's Republic of China! 12．so ＋形容词、副词及such置于句首时要倒装。 So happy did he feel. Such was me.
1．[高考真题] (2010年高考陕西卷)It is reported that
4．重复倒装句型，用在以so, nor, neither开头，表示谓语所述的 情况也适用于另一个人或另一事物的肯定或否定句中。so用于肯定 句，表示“也一样”、“也这样”；nor, neither用于否定句，表示 “同样也不，也不这样”。
例如：I am watching TV. So is she. My parents didn't watch TV last night. Neither (Nor) did I. 5．直接引语的全部或一部分放在句首时，主句中的主谓也常直 接倒装。(完全倒装) 例如：“Very well，” said the French student. “Bring me two eggs and a cup of tea, please.” said he.
强调地点状语：It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.
强调时间状语：It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway statiΒιβλιοθήκη Baidun.
注意：构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用 that, who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that, who不 可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。原 句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用It was...， 其余的时态用It is...。
8．为了表达生动，有时把表地点、方位的副词，如 up, down, out, away, in等放在句首，同时把谓语动词放在主语之前。若主语 为人称代词，主语和谓语动词的位置不变，只将副词放在句首。 (完全倒装)
例如：Away hurried the boy. Out rushed the girl. 9．在虚拟结构中，条件从句的谓语含有were, had和should这三 个词时，可省去if，将这些词移至主语之前。 例如：Had I time (＝ If I had time), I would go and help you. Were I you (＝ If I were you), I would go abroad. Should he come (＝If he should come), tell him to ring me up.
二、not...until...句型的强调句 1．句型为：It is/was not until ＋被强调部分＋ that ＋其它部分。 例如普通句：He didn't go to bed until/ till his wife came back. 强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed. 注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用；因为句型中It is/ was not...已经是否定句了，that后面 的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。