托福阅读十大题型解题方法专业知识讲座
托福阅读技巧完整版ppt课件
According to the paragraph, which of the following is true of X?
According to the paragraph, X occurred because…
According to the paragraph, X did Y because…
高分技巧 2
Negative factual information questions (非事实信息题 / 否定事实信息题)
问题形式:又称EXCEPT 列举题,即排除列举题。要求判断 哪些信息的是对的(true),哪些信息是错的(false),哪 些是未提及的(not given)。
题目中常会见大写的“NOT”或“EXCEPT”
真题演练 经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为 的,应 当按照 消费者 的要求 增加赔 偿其受 到的损 失,增 加赔偿 的金额 为消费 者购买 商品的 价款或 接受服 务的费 用
直接对比推理
段2:Some nations, especially those who colors and emblems date back several hundred years, have different flags for different official uses. For example, the flag of Poland is a simple rectangle with a white upper half and red lower half. The …
经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为 的,应 当按照 消费者 的要求 增加赔 偿其受 到的损 失,增 加赔偿 的金额 为消费 者购买 商品的 价款或 接受服 务的费 用
托福阅读词汇题联系上下文猜词技巧实例讲解
托福阅读词汇题联系上下文猜词技巧实例讲解托福阅读词汇题联系上下文猜词技巧实例讲解托福阅读词汇题如何联系上下文猜词?这种方法主要根据句子内或者句子间的逻辑关联来猜测词义。
常用的有因果关系、转折关系、并列关系、否定关系等等。
联系上下文猜词技巧实例讲解例1:Absenteeism and lateness hurt productivity and since work was specialized,disrupted the regular factory routine.Industrialization not only produced a fundamental change in the way work was organized; it transformed the very nature of work.The word disrupted in the passage is closest in meaning toA. prolongedB. establishedC. followedD. upset原句中hurt与disrupt是并列词,含义类似,所以快速确定D选项。
这层并列关系是逗号隔开的,在一些句子中,如果看到诸如also/as well as, both…and…, either...or..., neither…nor…, in (the) the same way, equally, similarly/similar to, like/just like, likewise(同样的), while(与此同时), meanwhile(同时), not only...but also... , more...than这样的词也要明确存在的并列关系。
例2:Although limited to a skull, the Pakicetus fossil provides precious details on the origins of cetaceans.The word precious in the passage is closest in meaning toA. ExactB. ScarceC. ValuableD. Initial分析:Although指示转折关系,所以前、后半句是相反的含义,前面是limited,所以猜测词汇是limit负面的词,我们可以知道exact表示准确的意思,scarce是指稀有的,和limit属于类似的含义,initial开始的,词义不相干。
托福阅读题型详解:分类与解题技巧
托福阅读题型详解:分类与解题技巧2023年,随着全球化的进一步发展和跨境教育的日益普及,托福考试已成为了全球范围内最具权威性的语言考试之一。
而在托福考试中,阅读部分一直是考生相对难以突破的一道坎。
本文旨在对托福阅读题型进行分类与解题技巧的详细讲解,帮助考生更好地应对阅读考试。
一、托福阅读题型分类在托福阅读部分,一般分为三大类:细节题、推理题和总结题,下面具体介绍一下三种题型的特点和解题技巧:1.细节题细节题是指以文章中的细节为媒介提出的问题。
所谓细节,便是文章中一些具体的,表层的,量化的或可操作的信息。
细节题主要考查考生对阅读材料的理解程度和记忆力。
具体而言,托福阅读部分的细节题主要有以下类型:A. 主旨细节题主旨细节题是指要求你根据文章中的某一部分,找到该部分的主旨或大意的题目。
解题技巧和句子理解题类似,要求考生准确地理解文章中的每个词汇及其所连接的关系,深入理解文章的主旨和重点。
B. 词汇细节题一般而言,该类细节题目会出现在文章的上下文中,要求考生根据所在的段落,结合上下文的意思和语境,准确理解生词的含义。
有时候,在文章里面出现一些同义替换的搭配,考生必须从文章上下文中寻找到有关铺垫,正确把握词义。
C. 时间细节题时间细节题要求考生根据文章的时间线索,回答来自文章的某一部分的问题。
在答题过程中,重点关注时间标记或者表述来帮助理解答案。
2.推理题推理题一般通过文章材料与题目之间的关系,推断出答案。
与细节题相比,推理题考查考生的逻辑思维能力和推理能力。
具体而言,托福阅读部分的推理题主要有以下类型:A. 推断态度题在此类题目中,通常会给出某人的语境或情况,要求考生根据自己理解的情况或背景,推断出这个人的态度。
此时需要考生仔细分析人物在文章中所扮演的角色,关注思想,性格,语气等方面的具体表现,以此推断出要求的妇女内心态度。
B. 推断论据题推断论据题是在文章中给出的一些事实、细节或例子,要求考生据此推断出文章作出的结论。
托福阅读总结题解题技巧思路讲解
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【托福】新东方托福阅读讲义
【关键字】托福托福强化班阅读讲义范琛Samuel100VSPStrategy /skills反衬凡塵Mortaldust10028 26 23 23Input vs outputOutputinput30考试报名:送一套OG 3Delta-Blue 4Delta-Red 6TPO 13InputOutput一、词汇题:1.题型概括:近义2.解题思路i.“生僻”词汇ii.熟词僻义iii.上下文理解5%Context3.备考提示数量词源词性i.背诵词汇的优先顺序a)通用的V & Adj,特别是已经学过的简单词汇的升级版(书面语b)常用的名词c)专有名词jargonii.背单词的方法:词根词缀iii. B. Delta p63-p66Vocabulary Builder4.例题OG 43-11,B.Delta 72-8, 73-9, 73-1, 74-3*, 75-8/9, 76-2, 79-,Dis-banded band dismissSophisticatedUniqueBan brandSophisticatedDis-band-edUniqueThis custom is unique to the southwestern aboriginal tribes.=only found inXXXXX (风俗) is unique to XXX Tribe.二、指代题1.题型概述i.基本原则:a)代词指名词b)代词通常指前(相邻句子)没有歧义:同一句相邻句子:两句话c)单复数一致代词指后When he returned to homeland, the ambassador embarked on anew course.主从句/主句+状语从句/状语在前,主句在后,则名词完整形式放主句中,代词放从句/状语中2.解题思路代入检查i.主语同指主1 xxxxxxxx. 主2(代词)xxxxx ii.上下文理解112-43.例题OG 42-5 62-9 71-5 92-2Delta 48-1/2 49-4 51-1 52-6三、插入题:1.题型概述2.解题思路i.代词(指代)黑体句句首:代词+名词→原文(重复/同义替换)黑体句首有This→段落最开头的方格必错ii.总分/隐含先后关系a)明显标记词(之后的名词) Both, also, again, another; a third, finalb)先抽象后具体●在抽象句子开头有结论性词语,则颠倒顺序Thus, in conclusion, consequently…c)A of B = B’s Ad)要比较先介绍A: xxx, B: xxx A>B三转折13ChaosSalonUltimate clue: Cohesion between ‘Repeated’ nouns3.例题OG: 43-12 52-12 63-12 84-11 107-11 114-12 指代73-11 95-11 121-11*Delta:143-7/9(先抽象后具体)144-10 (both) 145-3(AofB) 146-6(要比较先描述) 147-8(先整体后个体)486-39* ,514-38*,538-24,红Delta:36-2444-49 210-24四、句子改写(简化)1.题型概述Essential Infoi.主谓宾ii.逻辑关系条件/因果/转折/对比/比较级2.解题思路i.简单句筛选主’谓’提示:竖读选项排除具有相同错误的选项看上文:◆句首代词◆主语内涵不明◆呼应结构(also)ii.并列句筛选主谓宾小心:并列句原句前短后长,答案将对原句进行缩减,要把握句子重心And ;➢原句隐含关系在选项表面化分词→结果/原因/目的/伴随iii.复杂句抓住原句逻辑关系词筛选选项3.例题Delta:一124例题131-7 135-7;128-2* 129-4*(看上文)二126-7 128-1 130-6* (错项)130-5*(分词/隐含关系)三127例题131-8 133-3 135-10OG:一93-7二81-2*(句子重心的把握)三43-10 51-10 60-3 72-8*(whereas)106-10 112-6* 120-9 Respectively五、细节题纯粹细节Infer否定(先看选项,观察共性) EXCEPT NOT细节题重大出题点:i.相似性/差异性描述As …as比较级The same, similar, different, like/unlike关系/内容ii.否定信息/强调信息否定/最高级、绝对化表达、each /every,强调语气、强调句iii.逻辑关系改变转折iv.从结构看细节2.错项特征i.新概念ii.新逻辑(小心隐含)iii.绝对化表达only all 最高级never always(原文没有)3.例题OG 41-1*/2* 61-6* 81-1* 51-11 105-9**(逻辑关系转变)OG 43-9* 92-5* 42-7/8红Delta 213-26*蓝Delta449-10*六、修辞目的Why/in order to1.答案特征功能&对象(同义替换)2.解题思路i.例证关系:a)标记词such as, for example,e.g. –PrevailPrevailb)对称/相似结构描述同类现象,往前找答案ii.相似性/差异性:判断关系确定内容A VS B:为啥提到A: 为了B (互为目的)为啥提到A:为了告诉你B是XXX(= / 不= A)Delta:108-1 112-2 OG 92-3 60-3 iii.逻辑关系的另外一半A 细节与B细节用逻辑关系词相联,两者互为目的。
托福阅读10种题型举例分析——推断题
托福阅读10种题型举例分析——推断题托福阅读大家都想能更好地把题目做对,不过托福阅读题型还是很多的,不同的托福阅读题也有着不同的解决办法,具体该如何做呢?下面介绍的就是一种很常见的题目:推理题,希望能给大家一些好的建议。
托福阅读10种题型举例分析——推断题无论是OG还是Delta,都把阅读的题目分成十类,即:Understanding Facts and Details, Identifying Negative Facts, Locating Referents, Understanding Vocabulary in Context, Making Inferences, Determining Purposes, Recognizing Paraphrases (Simplifying sentences), Recognizing Coherence (Sentence inserting), Summarizing Important Ideas and Organizing information.还有很重要的一点,做题的时候,无论考试还是练习,不光要分析对的选项为什么对,更要分析错的选项为什么错。
有时候分析错误的原因更为重要。
有助于你把握出题的思路,培养感觉。
这是非常有用的。
五、推断题应该说推断题属于难度比较大,混淆选项比较难排除的一种。
但如果掌握一定的技巧也不是无章可循。
OG的说明是:如果文章提到结果,很可能让你推断原因;如果提到二者比较,很可能问你比较的基础;正确答案不是文章明显提到的,而是明显可以推出来的。
最重要的一句话就是:You should be able to defend your choice by pointing to explicitly stated information in the passage that leads to the inference you have selected。
托福阅读之修辞目的题的解题思路与技巧
如何解答修辞目的题?
➢ 在涉猎原文细节信息的基础之上,有意识地注意句子之间的逻辑关系以及 段落的结构(解题过程中最核心、最关键的部分)
➢ 平时可加强练习,学会分析句子之间的逻辑关系,概括文章的构架
For example:
My life of summer vacation is full of variety. During the summer vacation, I watched 5 movies. I went to the beach with my good friends. I also visited places of historic interest.
第二步:分析段落框架
➢ 分析线索:时间顺序 in the eleventh century (the astrolabe) by the early thirteenth century (the magnetic compass) beginning in the thirteenth century (new maps and the reports of sailors) in the fourteenth century (certain institutional and practical norms) by about 1400 (the key elements were in place)
选项D
longitude
The problem of determining longitude, though, was not solved until the eighteenth century.
第四步:分析信息,确定答案
原文中每个与选项信息相 对应的句子在段落整体框 架中的地位是怎样的?是 example?是细节?还是 段落主题?
托福阅读推断题的解题技巧(实例详解)
托福阅读推断题的解题技巧(实例详解)托福阅读考试中有很多的题型,其中有一类题型让考生有心理阴影和恐惧,尤其是其中的“推断”两个字,通过这两个字大家有没有想到柯南、福尔摩斯之类的带有悬疑色彩的东西。
但是托福阅读推断题真的有这么可怕吗?我们应该如何去应对呢?托福阅读推断题的解题技巧(实例详解)应对托福阅读推断题,考生要如何去应对呢?毋庸置疑,推断题一定有一定的难度所在,这点我们从托福考试官方指南(og)的改变上就可发现一些端倪。
第三版og上,推断题的考查数量为0-2题,第四版og已经增加到1-3题,ets的用(yin)意(mou)所在可见一斑。
那么,我们改如何应对推断题呢?推断题真的像我们想象的这么难么?今天我们一起来从考查形式上来解刨一下推断题。
题干特征:推断题的题干经常会出现infer,suggest,imply, indicate这类单词考查形式主要分为两大类:对比推断和细节推断,而后者出现的几率更大。
考查形式一:对比推断A时间对比:一般有两个形成对比的时间点,它们所具有的特征一般相反。
如:原文会出现before1990的信息,而题目会问after 1990的信息?解决方案:收集问题对应的时间点的信息,然后取反。
注意原文中出现的表示时间节点的词before, after, not…until…例题The story of the westward movement of population in the United States is, in the main,the story of the expansion of American agriculture-of the development of new areas for theraising of livestock and the cultivation of wheat, corn, tobacco, and cotton. After 1815improved transportation enabled moreand more western farmers to escape a self-sufficientway of life and enter a national market economy during periods when commodity prices werehigh, the rate of westward migration increased spectacularly. “Old America seemed to bebreaking up and moving westward,” observed an English visitor in 1817, during the first greatwave of migration. Emigration to the west reached a peak in the 1830’s, whereas in 1810 onlya seventy of the American people lived west of the Appalachian mountains, by 1840 more thana third lived there.What can be inferred from paragraph 1 about western farmers prior to 1815?○They had limited their crop production to wheat, corn, tobacco, and cotton.○They were able to sell their produce at high prices.○They had not been successful in raising cattle.○They did not operate in a national market economy.答案D对应关键句:After 1815 improved transportation enabled more and more western farmersto escape a self-sufficient way of life and enter a national market economy during periodswhen commodity prices were high, the rate of westward migration increased spectacularly.B直接对比:两个或多个事物的特征——如原文会出现A的特点,然后会有B和A相比较的信息,然后题目问B的特点?解决方案:收集题干所问的推断对象(about后面的信息一般为推断对象)的全部信息(一般为上述的B),然后在原文所描述的与之相关的信息(一般为上述的A)的基础之上取反。
托福文章阅读与解题实战展示
Reading 1 Historical Trends in European Urban Design托福文章阅读与解题实战展示学好托福阅读,需要掌握如下知识:话题(生物类人文历史类等)文章中心思想---标题段落中心思想---逐段判断阅读方法(精读略读跳读变速阅读)文章结构(总分结构对比展开现象说明)修辞(修辞方法修辞类题目---修辞目的题)语法词汇题型解答:十种题型(Table 不常考到)文化背景逻辑(逻辑七要素段间逻辑(1.承上启下;2.转折关系;3.并列(没有明显的承上启下的句子,和转折关系的,都属于并列逻辑)段内逻辑(分析分类举例说明对比比较因果关系递进展开)句内逻辑(并列转折因果比较条件)逻辑类题目解题方法)文章阅读---话题分类Reading 1Historical Trends in European Urban Design 本文属人文历史类话题。
文章话题是:欧洲城镇设计的历史趋势Paragraph1①European city planning and design have a long history.(本段中心句:欧洲城市规划和设计有很长的历史了)②Most Greek and Roman settlements were deliberately laid out on the grid system, within which the siting of key buildings was carefully thought out.(举例说明,Greek and Roman的建筑风格)③The roots of modern Western urban planning and design can be traced to the Renaissance and Baroque periods(between the fifteenth and seventeenth centuries)in Europe, when artists and intellectuals dreamed of ideal cities,and rich and powerful regimes used urban design to produce extravagant symbolizations of wealth,power,and destiny.(是第一句的递进展开,现代西方城市规划和建筑风格的起源,长句,语法要点)④Inspired by the classical art forms of ancient Greece and Rome,Renaissance urban design sought to recast cities in a deliberate attempt to show off the power and the glory of the state and church.(阐述了Renaissance urban design的特点,前句的递进展开)第一段中心思想:欧洲城市规划和设计风格的历史来源Paragraph2①Spreading slowly from its origins in Italy at the beginning of the fifteenth century,Renaissance design successfully diffused to most of the larger cities of Europe.(承上启下,Renaissance design 在欧洲成功传播)②Dramatic advances in weaponry brought a surge of planned redevelopment that featured impressive geometric-shaped fortifications and an extensive sloping,clear zone of fire.(递进展开,weaponry带来planned redevelopment)③Inside new walls,cities were recast according to a new aesthetic of grand design fancy palaces,geometrical plans,streetscapes,and gardens that emphasized views of dramatic perspectives.(具体阐述planned redevelopment,是第2句的递进展开)④These developments were often so extensive and so interconnected with each other that they effectively fixed the layout of cities well into the eighteenth,and even into the nineteenth century,when walls and/or open spaces eventually made way for urban redevelopment in the form of parks,railway lines,or beltways.(具体阐述planned redevelopment的另一方面,是第2句的递进展开;长句,语法分析)第二段中心思想:由于weaponry,Renaissance design发生的一些变化)Paragraph3①As societies and economies became more complex with the transition to industrial capitalism, national rulers and city leaders looked to urban design to impose order,safety,and efficiency,as well as to symbolize the new seats of power and authority.(本段中心句:由于社会和经济越来越复杂,引起urban design发生的一系列改变)②The most important early precedent was set in Paris by Napoleon III,who presided over a comprehensive program of urban redevelopment and monumental urban design.(举例说明,具体阐述urban design改变的细节)③The work was carried out by Baron Georges-Eugene Haussmann between1853and1870.(举例说明,具体阐述urban design改变的细节)④Haussmann demolished large sections of old Paris to make way for broad, new,tree-lined avenues,with numerous public open spaces and monuments.(是前句的递进展开,Haussmann完善了urban design in Paris)⑤In doing so,he made the city not only more efficient(wide boulevards meant better flows of traffic)and a better place to live(parks and gardens allowed more fresh air and sunlight in a crowded city and were held to be a civilizing influence)but also safer from revolutionary politics (wide boulevards were hard to barricade;monuments and statues helped to instill a sense of pride and identity).(是前句的递进展开,具体讲到在哪些方面做的改进:more efficient;a better place to live;safer;长句,语法分析)第三段中心思想:由于社会和经济越来越复杂,引起urban design in Paris发生的一系列改变。
「托福阅读」托福阅读题型之句子简化题解题方
「托福阅读」托福阅读题型之句子简化题解题方「托福阅读」托福阅读题型之句子简化题解题方托福阅读中的句子简化题也称为“变换措辞题”,是托福阅读题型的一种。
在托福阅读文章中,可能有0-1道这样的题目,每次考试总共有2到3题。
那么,在托福阅读中遇到这样的题型,应该要怎么做呢?接下来,店铺就为各位同学们带来一些解题方法,希望可以帮助大家进行新托福阅读的备考。
托福阅读题型之句子简化题解题方法这类型题目的题干表达为:Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.【托福阅读】托福阅读题型之句子简化题解题方法解决这类题目的三种方法:第一种:在保持原句序基本不变的前提下进行重点词汇或者词组的同义替换;第二种:在句序不变的前提下再进行重点词汇或者词组的同义替换;第三种:对原句进行总结性重复。
下面我们通过一个例子来看这些方法的具体应用:Small marketers should be less concerned with whether U.S. and European consumers are alike and more concerned with monitoring the variety of factors that account for potential similarities and differences. Attention to the dynamic nature of those factors will produce opportunities for the alert marketer.Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.1. A marketer who is not so smart should be more concernedwith the difference of eating habits between U.S. and European consumers and less concerned with monitoring the variety of factors that account for potential similarities and differences.2. It is not important whether U.S. and European consumers have a similar eating habit. I t is the potential similarities and differences that people should be more concerned with.3. Marketers should focus on the factors that account for difference rather than the difference themselves.4. Monitoring the variety of foods could explain the potential similarities and differences.解题:首先,我们来分析这个句子,整个主句的主语为Small marketers,谓语为be concerned with,宾语为factors,这个分析完成之后,我们采用同意替换的方法,替换其中的'重点词组-谓语be concerned with,其同义词为focus on。
TOEFL阅读理解之十大题型PPT课件
7
② Sentence Simplification questions
句子简化题与细节题在本质上类似,都是对原句的改写 句子简化题应注意两点:文间逻辑关系一致;核心信息点
一致 问题形式:Which of the following best expresses the
essential information in the highlighted sentence? Incorrect answer choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
According to the passage, why did states need private companies’ help in road building?
A. The states were unable to build roads themselves financially B. Private companies could spend less time completing roads C. The states did not have as much equipment as private companies D. Private companies had more knowledge of the interior
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托福阅读技巧 (细节题)
• 例文Online Test: Lascaux Cave Paintings(P6)
• Paragraph 6: Perhaps so much time has passed that there will never be satisfactory answers to the cave images, but their mystique only adds to their importance. Certainly a great art exists, and by its existence reveals that ancient human beings were not without intelligence, skill, and sensitivity.
托福阅读技巧
第一章 事实信息题
• 出题方式: • The author’s description of x mentions which of the following? • According to the paragraph, x occurred because… • According to the paragraph, x did y because… • According to the paragraph, why did x do y?
11. According to paragraph 6, why might the puzzling questions about the paintings never be answered? •Keeping the paintings a mystery will increase their importance. •The artists hid their tools with great intelligence and பைடு நூலகம்kill. •Too many years have gone by since the images were painted. •Answering the question is not very important to scholars.
TOEFL阅读十大题型精讲
试题结构阅读部分篇数时间文章长度问题数量Passage120分钟Approximately700 words12-14 个Passage2 & Passage340分钟Approximately700 words perset每篇12-14个Passage 4& Passage 5(遇加试时才有)40分钟Approximately700 words perset每篇12-14个TOEFL 阅读首堂课介绍• 1. what is TOEFL? why do you guys study TOEFL?• 2. what is TPO?• 3. what is pbt-cbt-ibt?• 4. what is OG?• 5. 托福阅读十大题型介绍+ 例题?• 6. 高分标准?•7. 教案思路?(词汇+ 语法+ 长难句+ 简单阅读)•8. 介绍上这门基础课的目的何在??学生学完这门课有什么收获??•9. “授渔”而非“授鱼”?一.事实信息题(Factual Information Questions )•①.问题形式:•According to the paragraph,which of following is true of X?•The author's discription of X mentions which of following?•According to the paragraph,X did Y because...•According to the paragraph, why did X do Y?•②.例题:•1790 saw the nation entering a new era of road development.Unable to finance road construction,states turnd for help to privatecompanies,organized by merchants and land speculators who had a personal interest in better communications with the interior.•According to the passage, why did states need private companies' help in road building?• a. the states were unable to build roads themselves financially.• b. private companies could spend less time completing roads.• c. the states did not have as much equipment as private companies.• d. private companies had more knowledge of the interior.二.指代题(Reference Questions)• .问题形式:The word (or phrase) X in the passage refers to ?(常考的代词有they,this, it, others, which等)。
老托福题型
老托福题型1、细节题。
特征:某专有名词,或含修饰语的名词。
方法:先读题目要求,再读对应的自然段,找关键词进行定位,正确答案来自原文题型。
2、词汇题。
特征该词灰框。
方法:解题时只看题目和选项,不看原文,直接选同义词!如果真的不能确定,再代入原文看是否合适题型3、EXCEPT题。
特征:硕大的EXCEPT。
方法:先看选项,再读文章,定位方法同“细节题”,定位后看到选项内容,就排除,最后未被排除的就是正确选项4、举例作用题。
特征:部分灰框。
方法:到原文找灰框部分之前的一句话,通常就是正确答案。
例:原文:很多水果都对健康有好处。
香蕉促进消化,雪梨能够润喉,苹果滋养皮肤。
题目:香蕉雪梨苹果?答案:为了说明很多水果都对健康有好处。
5、代词题。
特征:某代词。
方法:找到灰框代词之前的一句话里的名词,复数代词找复数名词,单数代词找单数名词,有时也可能对应名词性短语,答案必在代词之前,离得很近。
6、插入句子题。
特征:原文有黑方块,通常是倒数第二题。
方法:先看待插入的句子,找最关键的代词,再读原文,找含有该代词指代对象的句子。
找到后,将待插入的句子接在这个句子后边。
7、理解句意题。
特征:原文句子灰框,题目冗长。
方法:只读原文的灰框句子,不读上下文。
是理解句意,不是翻译句子也不是同义改写,可以省掉不重要的部分,只要把重点内容说清楚了就行。
读句子时“透过现象看本质”,把修饰部分忽略,先看清句子主干。
8、总结题。
特征:最后一题,2种类型:6选3,或者分类。
最好留出时间检查这题2-4分,分值高,别放弃。
方法:做题前再回顾一遍文章,读每一自然段首句,宏观把握文章结构和脉络。
托福十大题型
托福十大题型1. 事实信息题(Factual information)事实信息题是托福阅读中数量最多的题型,在每篇阅读文章中都会有3-6题为事实信息题。
这个题型如同其字面含义,就是考察大家对阅读文章中包含的各类信息的掌握程度。
这类题目的提问方式主要有两种,分别是:According to the paragraph,...?The author's description of X mentions which of the following?2. 否认事实信息题(Negative Factual Infomation)这个题型和上面的事实信息题正好相反,如果说事实信息题问的是文章里讲了什么,那么否认事实信息题问的就是文章里没讲没有提及什么。
这类题型的考察目的和事实信息题相同,也是考察考生对文章包含信息的了解。
每篇文章中这样的题目数量最多2题,也有可能1道都没有。
这个题型的提问方式是:According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true of X?The author's description of X mentions all of the following EXCEPT...3. 暗示推理题(Inference)这个题型同样问的是事实,但并不是文章直接提到的事实,而是需要考生结合文章给出信息进行一定推理后得出的结论,对考生的逻辑推理分析能力有一定要求。
这个题型每篇阅读中都会有1到3题,常见提问方式是:Which of the following can be inferred about X?The author of the passage implies that X...Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 1 about X?4. 修辞目的题(Rhetorical Purpose)这个题型的题数为1-2题,光看名字似乎有点不太好理解,其实通俗来说就是问目的或者说原因,比如作者会什么要提某人某事,或者作者提及某人某事是为了什么等等。
托福阅读主旨题
托福阅读主旨题
托福阅读中的主旨题要求你确定文章的主要观点、中心思想或总结。
以下是一些解题技巧和策略:
1. 先理解整篇文章:
在回答主旨题之前,确保你对整篇文章有一个清晰的理解。
仔细阅读并理解每个段落的内容,以及它们之间的逻辑关系。
2. 概括文章的中心思想:
考虑文章的主题,并概括出作者试图传达给读者的中心思想。
这个中心思想可能包含在文章的开头、结尾或总结部分。
3. 注意文章的目的和观点:
了解作者写作的目的和观点可以帮助你确定文章的主旨。
问问自己作者究竟是为了什么目的而写这篇文章?他们想要表达怎样的观点或看法?
4. 不要受到细节的干扰:
主旨题不是询问某个具体细节或例子,而是关注整篇文章的大局观。
避免被某个副标题或段落中的特定细节所迷惑,要抓住文章的整体意义。
5. 根据选项进行排除:
针对每个选项,考虑其是否与文章的主要观点相符。
如果某个选项不符合文章的整体逻辑或主题,可以排除它。
6. 注意选项的程度和范围:
有时候选项可能过于绝对或太具体,不符合文中的表述。
选择那些更广泛、更全面概括文章核心内容的选项。
7. 盯着关键词:
文章中重要的关键词或短语通常会出现在选项中,帮助你判断正确答案。
最后,记住主旨题是托福阅读部分的一个重要题型,多做相关练习,并仔细阅读各种类型的文章,以提高你的主旨题解题技巧和速度。
托福阅读专题——插入题(五)
• Storm surges, such as the heaping up of ocean water by hurricane winds, are yet another factor.
• We all know that many more people today are right-handed than left-handed. Can one trace this same pattern far back in prehistory? ■Much of the evidence about right-hand versus left-hand dominance comes from stencils and prints found in rock shelters in Australia and elsewhere, and in many Ice Age caves in France, Spain, and Tasmania. ■When a left hand has been stenciled, this implies that the artist was right-handed, and vice versa. ■Even though the paint was often sprayed on by mouth, one can assume that the dominant hand assisted in the operation. One also has to make the assumption that hands were stenciled palm downward—a left hand stenciled palm upward might of course look as if it were a right hand. ■Of 158 stencils in the French cave of Gargas, 136 have been identified as left, and only 22 as right; right-handedness was therefore heavily predominant. • The stencils of hands found in these shelters and caves allow us to draw conclusions about which hand was dominant.
全面解读托福阅读小结题的答题技巧和方法
千里之行,始于足下。
全面解读托福阅读小结题的答题技巧和方法托福阅读部分中的小结题是考察考生对文章主要内容的理解与归纳能力的题目。
小结题常常要求考生从文章中提取出主要观点、论证或结论,然后在选项中选出与之相符的答案。
下面是一些托福阅读小结题的答题技巧和方法。
1. 阅读全文:在回答小结题之前,先通读一遍整篇文章,以了解文章的结构、主题和大意。
这将有助于你更好地理解文章并更容易回答小结题。
2. 理解问题:在回答小结题之前仔细阅读问题,确保你理解问题的要求。
小结题常常要求你找出文章中的主要观点、总结或论证。
了解问题的要求对于选择正确答案是至关重要的。
3. 关键词定位:在回答小结题时,你需要识别出文章中的关键词或短语,并将其与选项进行对比。
关键词或短语可能是文章中的重要观点、论证或结论。
通过定位关键词,你可以更容易地找到与选项相符的部分。
4. 理清文章结构:在回答小结题时,你需要对文章的结构有清晰的理解。
通常,文章的开头会引出主题,中间部分会展开论证或论点,结尾部分会得出结论或总结。
通过理解文章的结构,你可以更准确地确定主要观点或结论所在的位置。
5. 排除干扰选项:在选择答案时,需要注意排除干扰选项。
有时选项中会有一些与文章内容相关但不是主要观点或结论的选项,这些选项往往是干扰项。
要注意将注意力集中在主要观点或结论上,以排除干扰选项。
第1页/共2页锲而不舍,金石可镂。
6. 注意文章的态度和观点:在回答小结题时,要注意文章的态度和观点。
有时文章可能会提到不同的观点或立场,你需要确定文章的主要观点或立场,以选择与之相符的答案。
7. 切忌主观臆断:在回答小结题时,要避免自己的主观臆断。
小结题要求你根据文章内容选择正确答案,而不是根据自己的个人认同或经验。
要将注意力集中在文章的信息和观点上,以选择正确答案。
总的来说,回答托福阅读小结题需要一定的技巧和方法。
首先,你需要通读整篇文章以了解文章的结构和主要内容。
然后,你要确保理解问题的要求,并通过关键词定位法找出与选项相符的部分。
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TPO 3-3-1. The word “particular” in the passage is closest in meaning to
○natural ○final ○specific ○complex
TPO 1-2-1. The word “championed” in the passage is closest in meaning to
○changed ○debated ○created ○supported
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认识——贬义色彩 当之处,请联系本人或网站删除。
TPO 3-3-10. The word “pales” in the passage is closest in meaning to
○increases proportionally ○differs ○loses significance ○is common
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TPO 1-2-1. The word “championed” in the passage is closest in meaning to
○changed ○debated ○created ○supported
本文档所提供的信息仅供参考之用,不能作为科学依据,请勿模仿。文档如有不
认识——褒义色彩 当之处,请联系本人或网站删除。
考查重点
十大题型
词汇
词汇题
句子理解 句间关系 文章结构 托福阅读是以句子
指代题 事实信息题(细节题) 否定事实信息题(选非题) 句子简化题
推断题 修辞目的题(作者意图题) 句子插入题
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词汇题 当之处,请联系本人或网站删除。
文章一般为议论文或说明文,每篇700词左右, 之后有13-14道题目。
除特殊说明(如最后一大题)之外,所有题 目小分值为1分,三篇总体小分值45分,最终 成绩按照30分标准分换算,换算标准如下图 所示。
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认识托当之福处,阅请联读系本—人或—网站怎删除。么考?
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认识托当福之处阅,请读联系本—人或—网站考删除什。 么?
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托福阅读考试简介
四项中的第一项,一般考3篇文章(如果加试, 则是4篇)。
and their particular structure depends on the specific history of the area.
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同义概念 当之处,请联系本人或网站删除。
TPO 3-3-1. The word “particular” in the passage is closest in meaning to
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词根词缀 当之处,请联系本人或网站删除。
TPO 1-1-7. The word “overlie” in the passage is closest in meaning to
○cover ○change ○separate ○surround
认识——贬义色彩 当之处,请பைடு நூலகம்系本人或网站删除。
TPO 3-3-10. The word “pales” in the passage is closest in meaning to
○increases proportionally ○differs ○loses significance ○is common
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TPO 1-1-7. The word “overlie” in the passage is closest in meaning to
○cover ○change ○separate ○surround
……
e
各种联想(Ves谐sel音,图 像,多个SSc单uurlpf词atucer编e 段子)
Glaze
Pigment
一次大量S,pro多ut次重复
Ore
Kiln
在文章S里tr,at它a 认得我,
我不认得它
词以类记
美剧、电影情景记忆
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PPoorctteselartyinressed
不会背
词根词缀CerPaomdt iecssserts Ware
Skeleton
SSInepvd背ienirmete了ebnrta忘te SF,ok忘ussl了lil 背,循 CWoa环lrdm-b往-lboloo复doedded fossiliz
○natural ○final ○specific ○complex
词汇题解题技巧 当之处,请联系本人或网站删除。
认识 1. 直接选 + 带回文章确认 2. 选不出通过词义褒贬色彩判断 + 带回
文章确认
不认识 1. 词根词缀 2. 回文章找同、反义对应
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出题方式 The word“X” in the passage is closest in meaning to…
考查关键 理解单词在语境中的含义
词汇量要求 8000+ 背单词!!!
词汇题做法
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背单词!!! 当之处,请联系本人或网站删除。