高速DA数模转换模块(DAC900E)(10Bit,165MSPS全国大学生电子竞赛资料)
Esoteric K-01 高级全功能 D A 转换器和 Super Audio CD CD 播放器
New Product InformationINTRODUCTIONESOTERIC releases the K-01, the flagship model of our all-in-one advanced D/A converter and Super Audio CD/CD player series, capitalizing on ESOTERIC’s state-of-the-art technology and derived from our award winning P-01/D-01 series separates. It has been seven years since the debut of the original X-01, with its high-precision and high-rigidity VRDS-NEO SACD/CD transport mechanism. The X-01/X-03 series, which have stayed at the top of ESOTERIC’s all-in-one SACD/CD player lineup, have been completely updated and make their debut as the all-new “K” series in November 2010.The design concept of the K series is extremely clear and simple -- a 2-channel D/A converter and stereo player that gives a stress-free musical experience, without adding or removing anything from the original source material. All aspects of the design and engineering process for the K series had extremely tough requirements to further advance ESOTERIC's top technology. Design and engineering was completed applying all of ESOTERIC’s know-how in mechatronics technology, state-of-the-art audio technology, and evolutionary materials including DAC implementation, for which cost was not a consideration. The K series is committed to advancing the “state of the art” for the 2 channel audio purist, for both high resolution audio files and disc based audio playback applications.The K-03 is equipped with our new VRDS-NEO “VMK-3.5-10” mechanism, which has further advanced substantially beyond existing VRDS models, and a dual mono configuration of 32-bit monaural D/A converters with four parallel/differential DAC circuits per channel. The analog audio circuit has a separate power transformer. The on-board high-precision clocking circuit has also been advanced. Three sets of 192 kHz/24-bit digital inputs supporting the most advanced high-sampling digital sources are also built-in. USB driver software supports 192 kHz/24-bit asynchronous transmission for connecting with a PC.The K-03 is a high performance model that follows the philosophy of the top-end all-in-one K-01 digital source, 2-channel playback device.VRDS-NEO, 4-DAC (32BIT)/CH, 192/24 HIGH-REZ INPUTS, ADVANCED CLOCKINGK-03Digital Source DeviceFEATURESVRDS-NEO “VMK-3.5-10” transport mechanismESOTERIC’s proprietary VRDS-NEO transport mechanism uses ahigh-precision turntable for spinning Super Audio CD/CD discs, improving read precision bymechanically correcting for surface run-out.This is a comprehensive compilation of ESOTERIC’s high-end mechatronics technology. The K-03 uses an evolutionary version of the mechanism configuration adopted for the X-03SE SACD/CD player and now includes the VRDS-NEO “VMK-3.5-10.” This new VRDS mechanism includes further refinements in the design of the driver circuit. The all-new driver circuit specifically for SACDs and CDs, enables smooth, high-precision servo control. A duralumin turntable with micron-level accuracy and a 10 mm steel turntable bridge are used, resulting in a total weight of 4.4 kg (9.7lbs). Additionally, the proven features of the VRDS-NEO, such as the strong neodymium-magnet-driven coreless three-phase brushless spindle motor, the thread feed control, (which has evolved from the philosophy of the P-0), and the shaft-sliding type pickup, where the laser beam consistently illuminates the disk perpendicularly, are all inherited by the K-03.Dual mono D/A converters based on the philosophy of the K-01The K-03’s D/A converter circuits are based on the circuitry of the ESOTERIC K-01, providing a parallel/differential output with four circuits per channel. This achieves overwhelming linearity and an ultra low distortion factor.For the D/A converter device itself, ASAHI KASEI Microdevices Corporation’s top-end 32-bit AK4399 (*1) was adopted, after extended repetitive audio and system reliability auditions.The 32-bit AKM D/A converters, with four circuits per channel, are mounted on a separate analog audio board for each of the left and right channels and configured for dual mono operation with the same layout for each of the two channels.The power supply has toroidal transformers specifically used for the analog audio circuits. The transformers boast an ideal power supply capacity with a power supply that is separate from thetransport power supply and excellent channel separation achieved through a power configuration separated into right and leftchannels, to enable high-quality playback with rich localization and sonic depth.High-quality discrete buffer circuit with a high voltage power supplyA discrete buffer output circuit with a high voltage power supply of +/- 22 V has been deployed for the analog audio output, following the technology used in the D-01.Full use is made of the exceedingly high drive capability and slew rate toprovide a stress-free playback capability for various signals, from miniscule signals to high-power output. These powerful discrete buffer output circuits are laid out symmetrically for each of the hot/cold signal lines to construct a rich and fully balancedconfiguration for XLR audio outputs. Additionally, a parallel buffer output configuration is implemented to switch the buffer amplifier to a parallel configuration, when RCA audio outputs are used. These enhancements provide advanced circuitry with the best sound quality for each of the balanced and unbalanced signal outputs.Wide variety of D/D conversion functions that support many source typesA wide variety of D/D conversion functions are implemented to match to your favorite source or to your personal sound quality preference. These functions include a mode to convert DSD and PCM formats directly into analog signals, as well as PCMup-conversion to x 2 (64/88.2/96 kHz) or x 4 (128/176.4/192 kHz), from the original sampling frequency, and even a PCM to DSD conversion function is available.1. PCM signals from CD and/or external digital devices: - Original Fs (32/44.1/48/88.2/96/176.4/192 kHz)- x 2 (64/88.2/96 kHz) / x 4 (128/176.4/192 kHz) up-conversion - PCM to DSD conversion 2. SACD DSD signals: - DSD native playbackFour types of digital filters and digital filter “Off” mode The K-03 features four types of digital filters for PCM signalprocessing. In addition to two types of FIR digital filters that have a reputation for outstanding sound quality, two types of short delay digital filters are featured. These filters, often referred to asapodizing filters, eliminate the pre-echo and ringing effects in the impulse waveform to reproduce the audio signal as a more nature and precise sound, void of the artifacts often associated with CD recording. The Digital Filter Off mode, which bypasses all 4 of the digital filters, is also provided. You can select any of the digital filters or the off mode according to your preference.Three digital input systems to support a high sampling rate Even when you use the K-03 as a discrete D/A converter for a high-sampling-rate source, the K-03 makes the most of the astonishing quality of its 32-bit dual mono D/A converters. The K-01 features three systems of input (USB, coaxial and optical), and these digital inputs support high-sampling-rate sources up to 24 bit/192 kHz.USB input supporting asynchronous transmission and 24 bit/192 kHz sources enables high-quality reproduction of music stored on a PCHigh-sampling-rate sources of studio master quality can be input at their original resolution, by connecting the K-03 to your PC through a USB port. To ensure a precise high-end design for the USB connection, ESOTERIC developed proprietary driver software(the driver software can be downloaded from the ESOTERIC web site). The USB input supports high-quality asynchronoustransmission and the input of high-sampling-rate sources up to 24 bit / 192 kHz. Three transmission modes, including two types of high-speed transmission (including asynchronous transmission), and the standard full-speed mode, are also provided to enhance compatibility with a wide variety of PCs and operating systems. Additionally, an Esoteric USB isolator, isolates the power and signal paths from the USB input system. This isolator eliminates interference from external devices, including the PC, to clearly reproduce high-resolution music files without loss of fidelity. * Note: Reproducible formats depend on the music player capabilities installed on the PC.(*1) AK4399 is the Audio4pro™ and is a branded product of ASAHI KASEI MICRODEVICES CORPORATION that is designed for professional studio and digital audio applications.VCXO high-precision clockA newly designed high-precision clock isimplemented to achieve the highest level of sound quality for an all-in-one digital player. A VCXO (voltage controlledcrystal oscillator) of +/- 0.5 ppm (*2) that uses a large crystal is deployed in the K-03, which isvery advantageous for advanced sound quality.Additionally, a stabilized power supply circuit improves the stability of clock circuit operation. When using the K-01 without using an external WORD clock, the high precision audio clock sync signal generated by the VCXO is directly delivered to the D/A converter, without passing through the PLL circuit. This enableshigher-quality reproduction that is a step ahead of standard designs. This also substantially reduces any audible jitter when transmitting audio signals to achieve high-speed and high-quality reproduction inclusive of a very dramatic presence and acoustic delicacy.(*2) Factory settingWORD sync function enabling synchronization with external devicesThe K-03 has a WORD sync function to synchronize with an external WORD clock. This allows upgrading to a higher-quality sound system by connecting the unit to a high-precision master clock generator, such as the G-0Rb rubidium master clock. As for supported clock sync frequencies, 10 MHz is newly supported in addition to 44.1/88.2/176.4 kHz.32-bit precision digital attenuator functionThis function enables 32-bit digital processing and a high-precision volume control, capitalizing on the 32-bit D/A devices. 32 bits gives an allowance of 8 bits over the standard 24 bits, and enables control of volume with no degradation of sound quality due to dropouts.Excellent usabilityThe output voltage of the XLR audio outputs can be switchedaccording to the input sensitivity of the amplifier that you connect to the K-03 (0dB/ +6dB). You can also choose Hot 2 or Hot 3 for the XLR pin assignment. Additionally, you can switch the analog output between RCA, XLR and OFF, as desired based on connected components. The K-03 features one coaxial digital output to support digital output of CDs, and a pass-thru output for an externally input signal; however, digital outputs for SACDs (DSD data streams), and the signal after the D/D conversion are not supported. For noise reduction purposes, it is possible to switch the circuit off when not using the digital output.Chassis construction with a separate compartment for each circuit blockA chassis construction with separate circuit block compartments packs the design concept of separate SACD/CD transports and D/A converters into an all-in-one unit. This helps to eliminate cross contamination between adjoining circuits. The large-massVRDS-NEO transport mechanism is positioned in the center of the unit, directly attached to the 5 mm steel bottom chassis, andsupported at three points by ESOTERIC’s proprietary pinpoint feet (Patent No. 4075477). This 3 point system effectively suppresses the vibration of the rotation mechanism with large inertia to ensure a highly solid base, free from vibrations and resonance.The interior of the K-03 chassis has a double-decker structure with five compartments. Each circuit block is contained within its own compartment to minimize conflicts between circuits. Two separate audio boards for each channel are mounted on the rear part of the upper compartment, which is nearest to the rear terminals, toensure the shortest signal path. The audio power circuit and power transformers are isolated from the audio board by an internal steel chassis plate, and hung inside the compartment on the bottom of the audio board. Such a three-dimensional layout allows the shortest wiring possible for the power supply, and minimizes any impact of magnetic flux leakage and vibration.The K-03 features two large-capacity toroidal transformers, including one specifically for the built-in dual mono D/A converters and the audio circuits, and the other for driving the digital circuit and mechanism. This design provides dedicated power supply capability to all circuit blocks without interference.The K-03’s large mass ofapproximately 28 kg (61.8 lbs), is the result of ESOTERIC’s commitment to the highest quality for component isolation and compartmentalizing. These designs virtually eliminate resonance and vibrations from adjacent electrical and mechanical components.Beautiful rounded formThe K-03 inherits its appearance from the design of ESOTERIC’s flagship line of separate digital players and DACs, with thefront/side/top panels made of thick aluminum and a rounded form with no screws on the top panel and corners. This form is sure to give you a feel of elegance and pleasure of ownership, in addition to eliminating any unwanted vibrations that are well known from top and corner screw designs.Feel the high-end touch with a leather finished remote control The K-03 comes with a remote control unit that is finished in leather and has an aluminum body with just the right weight. The ease of use and accuracy associated with this remote control is also based on ESOTERIC's "P series" system designs.SPECIFICATIONSCompatible disc typesSuper Audio CD, CD (CD-R/CD-RW compatible)XLR jacks (2 channel) x 1Jacks RCA jacks (2 channel) x 1XLR: 100 ohmsOutput impedance RCA: 47 ohmsMaximum output level XLR (Gain: 0 dB): 2.45 Vrms (1 kHz, full scale, 10 k ohms) RCA: 2.45 Vrms Frequency response 5 Hz to 55 kHz ( 3 dB) Signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) 115 dB Analog audio outputTotal harmonic distortion 0.0015% (1 kHz) Digital audio output Coaxial RCA jack x 1 0.5 Vp-p/75 ohms Coaxial RCA terminal x 1 (input impedance 75 ohms) Optical digital terminal x 1 24.0 to 14.5 dBm peak Digital audio inputUSB port B connector USB 2.0 / 192 kHz-24 bit async.Jack BNC Input impedance 75 ohms Rectangle wave: equivalent to TTL levelsInput level Sine wave: 0.5 to 1.0 Vrms/50 to 75 ohmsWord synchronization input formatThe K-03 can accept and synchronize to the following frequencies received from external clock devices: 44.1 kHz, 88.2 kHz, 176.4 kHz, 10 MHz (the accuracy of locking range limited within ±15 ppm) D/A Converter K-03 32bit AK4399 x4 DACs / per channel AC 230 V, 50 HzAC 120 V, 60 Hz Power supply AC 220 V, 60 HzPower consumption 27 W External dimensions (W x H x D) 445 x 162 x 438 mm (17 1/4" x 6" 3/8 x 13 1/4") (including protrusions) Weight 28 kg (61 3/4 lbs)Remote control unit (RC-1156) x 1 Batteries (AA) x 2 Power cord set x 1 Felt pads x 3Owner’s manual x 1 GeneralAccessoriesWarranty card x 1- This product is available in three different power supply variations shown in the chart above. Make sure that the voltage shown on the rear panel matches the AC line voltage in your area. - The shape of the AC inlet and plug of the supplied power cord depends on the voltage rating and destination country.ESOTERIC COMPANY47 Ochiai 1-chome, Tama-shi,Tokyo 206-8530, JapanFax: +81-42-356-9240 www.esoteric.jp//esoteric/Please note that ESOTERIC products are available at limited retailers in respective countries. “ESOTERIC“ is a trademark of the TEAC Corporation. All other brand or product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders. ©2010 TEAC Corporation. All Rights Reserved.All text, images, graphics and other materials on this catalogue are subject to the copyright and other intellectual property rights of TEAC Corporation.These materials shall not directly or indirectly be published, reproduced, modified or distributed in any medium. Design and specifications are subject to change without notice.。
2122MSPS高速12BIT模数转换器
2122MSPS 高速12BIT 模数转换器功能框图产品亮点AD9221 / AD9223 / AD9220系列提供了一个完全的12位取样单片， 28-引线 SOIC 与SSOP 封装兼容的模拟到数字转换功能。
灵活的采样速率：AD9221、AD9223与AD9220采样速率分1.5MSPS,3.0MSPS 与10.0MSPS 。
低功率与单电源—AD9221， AD9223，AD9220分别在单5V 电源上功耗只有59 mW 、100 mW 与250 mW 。
在温度范围内具有优秀的直流性能—AD9221 /AD9223 / AD9220提供12位线性与温度漂移性能1。
优秀的交流（AC ）性能与低噪声—AD9221 /AD9223 / AD9220提供比11.3有效位数（ENOB ）的性能与具有一个输入参考噪声为0.09 LSB rms.2。
灵活的模拟输入范围——多功能板上采样——保持(SHA)能够配置为单端或者差动输入不一致的输入范围。
AD9221/AD9223/AD9220–技术参数DC 技术参数 （AVDD = 5 V, DVDD = 5 V, f SAMPLE = Max Conversion Rate, V REF = 2.5 V,部基准源根据要求也能够选择适合的直流精度与温度漂移来应用。
器件使用多级微分流水线结构，在指定的数据速率下数字输出误差修正逻辑提供12位精度，在操作温度范围内保证没有错误代码。
AD9221 / AD9223 / AD9220输入具有高度灵活，同意容易接口于成像、通信、医疗、与数据采集系统。
一个真正的差分输入结构同意单端与差分输入接口在不一致的输入范围。
采保放大器(SHA)也同样适合于多路复用系统在连续通道开关满刻度电压等级与采样单通道输入频率与奈奎斯特速率。
此外,AD9221 / AD9223 / AD9220非常适合通信系统使用直接-IF 降频转换SHA 在差分输入模式能够实现良好的动态性能远远超出它的尼奎斯特频率。
SIMOTION CX32-2 驱动基础控制器扩展模块数据表说明书
• rated value • for signal "1" • for signal "0" Electrical isolation • note Current consumption for "1" signal level, typ. Input delay time for • signal "0" → "1", typ. • signal "1" → "0", typ. Digital inputs/outputs Number of digital inputs/outputs Parameterization possibility of the digital I/Os If used as an input
100 Hz 2 Hz 11 Hz Yes
unlimited buffer duration
cULus
subject to modifications © Copyright Siemens AG 2014
6AU1432-2AA00-0AA0
• Canada
cULus
• Australia
C-Tick
• servo • vector • V/f • note
Communications Interfaces General technical data Fan Supply voltage
SIMOTION CX32-2 Controller Extension
AT32F403A系列数据手册说明书
基于ARM® 32位的Cortex®-M4微控制器+FPU，带256 K字节至1024 K字节内部闪存、sLib、17个定时器、3个ADC、20个通信接口（1个USBFS）功能⏹内核：带有FPU的ARM®32位的Cortex®-M4CPU−最高240 MHz工作频率，带存储器保护单元（MPU），内建单周期乘法和硬件除法−内建浮点运算（FPU）−具有DSP指令集⏹存储器− 256 K字节至1024 K字节的内部闪存存储器− sLib：将指定之主存储区设为执行代码安全库区，此区代码仅能调用无法读取− SPIM接口：额外提供高达16 M字节外部SPI闪存存储器接口−高达96+128 K字节的SRAM−具有16位数据总线的外部存储器控制器（XMC）：支持总线复用PSRAM/NOR和NAND存储器⏹XMC作为LCD并口，兼容8080/6800模式⏹电源控制（PWC）− 2.6至3.6伏供电−上电复位（POR）、低电压复位（LVR）、电源电压监测器（PVM）−低功耗模式：睡眠、深睡眠、和待机− V BAT为LEXT、RTC和42个16位的电池供电寄存器（BPR）供电⏹时钟和复位管理（CRM）− 4至25 MHz晶体振荡器（HEXT）−内置经出厂调校的48 MHz高速内部时钟（HICK），25 °C达1 %精度，-40 °C至+105 °C达2.5 %精度，带自动时钟校准功能（ACC）− 32 kHz晶振（LEXT）−低速内部时钟（LICK）⏹模拟模块− 3个12位2 MSPS A/D转换器，多达16个输入通道−温度传感器和内部参考电压− 2个12位D/A转换器⏹DMA：14通道DMA控制器⏹调试模式−串行线调试（SWD）和JTAG接口− Cortex®-M4内嵌跟踪模块（ETM）⏹多达80个快速GPIO端口−所有GPIO口可以映像到16个外部中断（EXINT）−几乎所有GPIO口可容忍5 V输入信号⏹多达17个定时器（TMR）−多达2个16位带死区控制和紧急刹车，用于电机控制的PWM高级定时器−多达8个16位定时器+2个32位定时器，每个定时器有多达4个用于输入捕获/输出比较/PWM或脉冲计数的通道和增量编码器输入− 2个16位基本定时器用于驱动DAC− 2个看门狗定时器（一般型WDT和窗口型WWDT）−系统滴答定时器：24位递减计数器⏹多达20个通信接口−多达3个I2C接口，支持SMBus/PMBus−多达8个USART接口（支持ISO7816，LIN，IrDA接口和调制解调控制）−多达4个SPI接口（50 M位/秒），4个均可复用为I2S接口，其中I2S2/I2S3支持全双工−多达2个CAN接口（2.0B主动）− USB2.0全速设备接口，支持无晶振（crystal-less）−多达2个SDIO接口⏹CRC计算单元⏹96位的芯片唯一代码（UID）⏹温度范围：-40至+105 °C⏹封装− LQFP100 14 x 14 mm− LQFP64 10 x 10 mm− LQFP48 7 x 7 mm− QFN48 6 x 6 mm目录1规格说明 (11)2功能简介 (13)2.1ARM®Cortex®-M4和FPU (13)2.2存储器 (14)2.2.1内置闪存存储器（Flash） (14)2.2.2存储器保护单元（MPU） (14)2.2.3内置随机存取存储器（SRAM） (14)2.2.4外部存储器控制器（XMC） (14)2.3中断 (14)2.3.1嵌套的向量式中断控制器（NVIC） (14)2.3.2外部中断（EXINT） (14)2.4电源控制（PWC） (15)2.4.1供电方案 (15)2.4.2复位和电源电压监测器（POR / LVR / PVM） (15)2.4.3电压调压器（LDO） (15)2.4.4低功耗模式 (15)2.5启动模式 (16)2.6时钟 (16)2.7通用输入输出口（GPIO） (16)2.8重映射功能 (17)2.9直接存储器访问控制器（DMA） (17)2.10定时器（TMR） (17)2.10.1高级定时器（TMR1和TMR8） (17)2.10.2通用定时器（TMRx） (18)2.10.3基本定时器（TMR6和TMR7） (18)2.10.4系统滴答定时器（SysTick） (18)2.12窗口型看门狗（WWDT） (19)2.13实时时钟（RTC）和电池供电寄存器（BPR） (19)2.14通信接口 (19)2.14.1串行外设接口（SPI） (19)2.14.2内部集成音频接口（I2S） (19)2.14.3通用同步/异步收发器（USART） (19)2.14.4内部集成电路总线（I2C） (20)2.14.5安全数字输入/输出接口（SDIO） (20)2.14.6控制器区域网络（CAN） (20)2.14.7通用串行总线全速（USBFS） (20)2.15循环冗余校验（CRC）计算单元 (21)2.16模拟/数字转换器（ADC） (21)2.16.1温度传感器（V TS） (21)2.16.2内部参考电压（V INTRV） (21)2.17数字/模拟信号转换器（DAC） (21)2.18调试 (22)2.18.1串行线（SWD）/ JTAG调试接口 (22)2.18.2内嵌跟踪模块（ETM） (22)3引脚功能定义 (23)4存储器地址映射 (33)5电气特性 (34)5.1测试条件 (34)5.1.1最小和最大数值 (34)5.1.2典型数值 (34)5.1.3典型曲线 (34)5.1.4供电方案 (34)5.2.1额定值 (35)5.2.2电气敏感性 (36)5.3规格 (37)5.3.1通用工作条件 (37)5.3.2上电和掉电时的工作条件 (37)5.3.3内嵌复位和电源管理模块特性 (38)5.3.4存储器特性 (39)5.3.5供电电流特性 (39)5.3.6外部时钟源特性 (48)5.3.7内部时钟源特性 (52)5.3.8PLL特性 (53)5.3.9低功耗模式唤醒时间 (53)5.3.10EMC特性 (53)5.3.11GPIO端口特性 (54)5.3.12NRST引脚特性 (56)5.3.13XMC特性 (56)5.3.14TMR定时器特性 (64)5.3.15SPI接口特性 (65)5.3.16I2S接口特性 (67)5.3.17I2C接口特性 (68)5.3.18SDIO接口特性 (69)5.3.19USBFS接口特性 (70)5.3.2012位ADC特性 (71)5.3.21内部参照电压（V INTRV）特性 (75)5.3.22温度传感器（V TS）特性 (75)5.3.2312位DAC特性 (76)6封装数据 (78)6.1LQFP100封装数据 (78)6.2LQFP64封装数据 (80)6.4QFN48封装数据 (84)6.5封装丝印 (85)6.6热特性 (85)7型号说明 (86)8文档版本历史 (87)表目录表1. 选型列表 (1)表2. AT32F403A系列器件功能和配置 (12)表3. 启动加载程序（Bootloader）的型号支持和管脚配置 (16)表4. 定时器功能比较 (17)表5. USART/UART功能比较 (20)表6. AT32F403A系列引脚定义 (26)表7. XMC引脚定义 (31)表8. 电压特性 (35)表9. 电流特性 (35)表10. 温度特性 (35)表11. 静电放电值 (36)表12. 静态栓锁值 (36)表13. 通用工作条件 (37)表14. 上电和掉电时的工作条件 (37)表15. 内嵌复位和电源管理模块特性 (38)表16. 内部闪存存储器特性 (39)表17. 内部闪存存储器寿命和数据保存期限 (39)表18. 运行模式下的典型电流消耗 (40)表19. 睡眠模式下的典型电流消耗 (41)表20. 运行模式下的最大电流消耗 (42)表21. 睡眠模式下的最大电流消耗 (43)表22. 深睡眠和待机模式下的典型和最大电流消耗 (43)表23. V BAT的典型和最大电流消耗 (45)表24. 内置外设的电流消耗 (46)表25. HEXT 4 ~ 25 MHz晶振特性 (48)表26. HEXT外部时钟源特性 (49)表27. LEXT 32.768 kHz晶振特性 (50)表28. LEXT外部时钟源特性 (51)表29. HICK时钟特性 (52)表30. LICK时钟特性 (52)表31. PLL特性 (53)表32. 低功耗模式的唤醒时间 (53)表33. EMS特性 (53)表34. GPIO静态特性 (54)表35. 输出电压特性 (55)表36. 输入交流特性 (55)表37. NRST引脚特性 (56)表38. 异步总线复用的PSRAM/NOR读操作时序 (57)表39. 异步总线复用的PSRAM/NOR写操作时序 (58)表40. 同步总线复用PSRAM/NOR读操作时序 (60)表41. 同步总线复用PSRAM写操作时序 (61)表42. NAND闪存读写操作时序 (62)表43. TMR定时器特性 (64)表44. SPI特性 (65)表45. I2S特性 (67)表46. SD/MMC接口特性 (69)表47. USBFS启动时间 (70)表48. USBFS直流特性 (70)表49. USBFS电气特性 (70)表50. ADC特性 (71)表51. f ADC = 14MHz时的最大R AIN (72)表52. f ADC = 28MHz时的最大R AIN (72)表53. ADC精度 (73)表54. 内置参照电压特性 (75)表55. 温度传感器特性 (75)表56. DAC特性 (76)表57. LQFP100 – 14 x 14 mm 100引脚薄型正方扁平封装数据 (79)表58. LQFP64 – 10 x 10 mm 64脚薄型正方扁平封装机械数据 (81)表59. LQFP48 – 7 x 7 mm 48脚薄型正方扁平封装机械数据 (83)表60. QFN48 – 6 x 6 mm 48脚正方扁平无引线封装机械数据 (85)表61. 封装的热特性 (85)表62. AT32F403A系列型号说明 (86)表63. 文档版本历史 (87)图目录图1. AT32F403A系列功能框图 (13)图2. AT32F403A系列LQFP100引脚分布 (23)图3. AT32F403A系列LQFP64引脚分布 (24)图4. AT32F403A系列LQFP48引脚分布 (25)图5. AT32F403A系列QFN48引脚分布 (25)图6. 存储器图 (33)图7. 供电方案 (34)图8. 上电复位和低电压复位的波形图 (38)图9.深睡眠模式下的典型电流消耗在不同的V DD时与温度的对比 (44)图10. 待机模式下的典型电流消耗在不同的V DD时与温度的对比 (44)图11.V BAT的典型电流消耗（LEXT和RTC开启）在不同的V BAT电压时与温度的对比 (45)图12. HEXT使用8 MHz晶振的典型应用 (48)图13. HEXT外部时钟源交流时序图 (49)图14. LEXT使用32.768 kHz晶振的典型应用 (50)图15. LEXT外部时钟源交流时序图 (51)图16. HICK时钟精度与温度的对比 (52)图17. 建议的NRST引脚保护 (56)图18. 异步总线复用PSRAM/NOR读操作波形 (57)图19. 异步总线复用PSRAM/NOR写操作波形 (58)图20. 同步总线复用PSRAM/NOR读操作波形 (60)图21. 同步总线复用PSRAM写操作波形 (61)图22. NAND控制器读操作波形 (63)图23. NAND控制器写操作波形 (63)图24. NAND控制器在通用存储空间的读操作波形 (63)图25. NAND控制器在通用存储空间的写操作波形 (64)图26. SPI时序图– 从模式和CPHA = 0 (66)图27. SPI时序图– 从模式和CPHA = 1 (66)图28. SPI时序图– 主模式 (66)图29. I2S从模式时序图（Philips协议） (67)图30. I2S主模式时序图（Philips协议） (68)图31. SDIO高速模式 (69)图32. SD默认模式 (69)图33. USBFS时序：数据信号上升和下降时间定义 (70)图34. ADC精度特性 (73)图35. 使用ADC典型的连接图 (74)图36. 供电电源和参考电源去耦线路（具有外部V REF引脚封装） (74)图37. 供电电源去耦线路（无外部V REF引脚封装） (75)图38. V TS对温度理想曲线图 (76)图39. LQFP100 – 14 x 14 mm 100脚薄型正方扁平封装图 (78)图40. LQFP64 – 10 x 10 mm 64脚薄型正方扁平封装图 (80)图41. LQFP48 – 7 x 7 mm 48脚薄型正方扁平封装图 (82)图42. QFN48 – 6 x 6 mm 48脚正方扁平无引线封装图 (84)图43. 丝印示意图 (85)1 规格说明AT32F403A系列微控制器是基于高性能的ARM®Cortex®-M4 32位的RISC内核，工作频率最高可达240 MHz，Cortex®-M4内核带有单精度浮点运算单元（FPU），支持所有ARM®单精度数据处理指令和数据类型。
DAC900E中文资料
Utilizing a small geometry CMOS process, the monolithic DAC900 can be operated on a wide, single-supply range of +2.7V to +5.5V. Its low power consumption allows for use in portable and batteryoperated systems. Further optimization can be realized by lowering the output current with the adjustable full-scale option.
+VA DAC900
FSA REFIN
INT/EXT
BW
+VD
Current Sources
LSB Switches
Segmented Switches
IOUT IOUT BYP
+1.24V Ref.
AGND
CLK
Latches
PD
10-Bit Data Input D9...D0
NXP mcu
TinyM0核心板电路为LPC111x芯片的最小系统，硬件支持2.54mm间距的 标准排针。用户可以将TinyM0核心板配套自行设计的底板进行产品开发。 ● 支持多款芯片
和16位竞争产品的2至4倍。
Cortex-M0内核
● 32位ARM RISC处理器，16位Thumb指令集； ● 功耗与面积高度优化，设计专用于低成本、低功耗场合； ● 24位SysTick定时器； ● 32位硬件乘法器； ● 中断现场自动保存，有处理决定性、固定延迟的中断能力； ● 系统接口支持小端或字节不变的大端数据访问； ● SWD串行线调试。
LPC1300选型表:
器件型号 LPC1343 LPC1342 LPC1313 LPC1311
Flash (KB) 32 16 32 8
SRAM(KB) 8 4 8 2
USB 2.0 Device Device
-
I2C(Fast+) 1 1 1 1
ADC 8ch/10bit 8ch/10bit 8ch/10bit 8ch/10bit
置的新型开漏工作模式
LPC1100
◎ 四个通用计数器/计数器 ◎ 可编程的看门狗定时器(WDT)，带锁死功能 ◎ 系统计时器 ◎ 各外设自带时钟分频器，有利于降低功耗
芯片特色:
Cortex-M0处理器性能 ● Cortex-M0微控制器可以轻松超越高端8位和16位器件的
性能水平； ● 内核额定性能为0.9DMIPS/MHz，相当于与其最接近的8位
高精度ADC与DAC电路设计考核试卷
B.权电阻DAC
C. R-2R梯形DAC
D. PWM C
15.以下哪种技术可以用来提高ADC的抗干扰能力？（）
A.差分输入
B.单端输入
C.交流耦合
D.直流耦合
16.在ADC转换过程中，以下哪个步骤不是必须的？（）
A.采样
B.量化
C.编码
D.过采样
17.对于一个理想的DAC，其输出与理想输出之间的最大偏差称为？（）
A.绝对误差
B.相对误差
C.线性误差
D.非线性误差
18.在实际应用中，以下哪种因素可能会导致ADC的实际分辨率低于理想分辨率？（）
A.量化噪声
B.转换速度
C.电源波动
D.采样频率
19.关于ADC和DAC的同步工作，以下描述正确的是？（）
A.同步工作可以提升转换速率
B.同步工作会降低转换精度
C.同步工作有利于减小噪声
12.在高精度ADC与DAC电路中，以下哪些措施有助于减小电源噪声的影响？（）
A.使用模拟地和数字地分离
B.使用差分信号路径
C.增加去耦电容
D.使用低噪声电源
13.以下哪些因素会影响ADC的动态范围？（）
A.转换器的位数
B.输入信号幅度
C.量化噪声
D.采样频率
14.在DAC的设计中，以下哪些结构可以提供更高的线性度？（）
高精度ADC与DAC电路设计考核试卷
考生姓名：__________答题日期：_______年__月__日得分：____________判卷人：__________
一、单项选择题（本题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的）
基于ATE的高速DAC射频参数SFDR测试技术优化
基于ATE的高速DAC射频参数SFDR测试技术优化
沈锺杰;张一圣;孔锐;王建超
【期刊名称】《现代电子技术》
【年(卷),期】2024(47)2
【摘要】利用集成电路自动测试设备(ATE)测试高速DAC射频参数时,由于ATE测试板PCB走线较长、损耗较大以及机台提供的信号抖动比实装大等原因,导致ATE 上高速DAC射频参数测试指标低于实装测试值。
为此,文中介绍DAC电路的工作原理和测试方法;其次为解决上述问题,对测试码的生成以及PCB的布局等进行一系列改进,并将改进前后的测试值与典型值进行对比。
结果表明,改进措施成效显著,大大优化了高速DAC射频参数的测试指标,使得SFDR等高频DAC动态类参数指标接近或达到实装测试值。
【总页数】5页(P16-20)
【作者】沈锺杰;张一圣;孔锐;王建超
【作者单位】中国电子科技集团公司第五十八研究所
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】TN407‐34
【相关文献】
1.基于虚拟仪器技术的DAC静态参数测试系统
2.基于ATE的卫星导航射频芯片测试技术
3.基于ATE的SoC射频测试技术的研究与应用
4.基于ATE的SiP测试技术优化和应用
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2007年全国大学生电子设计大赛本科类及高职类信号处理部分试题[1]3
![2007年全国大学生电子设计大赛本科类及高职类信号处理部分试题[1]3](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/36cc57d703d276a20029bd64783e0912a3167c04.png)
音频信号分析仪（A题）【本科组】一、任务设计、制作一个可分析音频信号频率成分，并可测量正弦信号失真度的仪器。
二、要求1．基本要求（1）输入阻抗：50Ω（2）输入信号电压范围（峰-峰值）：100mV～5V（3）输入信号包含的频率成分范围：200Hz～10kHz（4）频率分辨力：100Hz（可正确测量被测信号中，频差不小于100Hz的频率分量的功率值。
）（5）检测输入信号的总功率和各频率分量的频率和功率，检测出的各频率分量的功率之和不小于总功率值的95%；各频率分量功率测量的相对误差的绝对值小于10%，总功率测量的相对误差的绝对值小于5%。
（6）分析时间：5秒。
应以5秒周期刷新分析数据，信号各频率分量应按功率大小依次存储并可回放显示，同时实时显示信号总功率和至少前两个频率分量的频率值和功率值，并设暂停键保持显示的数据。
2．发挥部分（1）扩大输入信号动态范围，提高灵敏度。
（2）输入信号包含的频率成分范围：20Hz～10kHz。
（3）增加频率分辨力20Hz档。
（4）判断输入信号的周期性，并测量其周期。
（5）测量被测正弦信号的失真度。
（6）其他。
三、说明1．电源可用成品，必须自备，亦可自制。
2．设计报告正文中应包括系统总体框图、核心电路原理图、主要流程图、主要的测试结果。
完整的电路原理图、重要的源程序、和完整的测试结果用附件给出。
无线识别装置（B 题）【本科组】一、任务设计制作一套无线识别装置。
该装置由阅读器、应答器和耦合线圈组成，其方框图参见图1。
阅读器能识别应答器的有无、编码和存储信息。
图1 无线识别装置方框图装置中阅读器、应答器均具有无线传输功能，频率和调制方式自由选定。
不得使用现有射频识别卡或用于识别的专用芯片。
装置中的耦合线圈为圆形空芯线圈，用直径不大于1mm 的漆包线或有绝缘外皮的导线密绕10圈制成。
线圈直径为6.6±0.5 cm （可用直径6.6 cm 左右的易拉罐作为骨架，绕好取下，用绝缘胶带固定即可）。
ICP DAS M-7088 8通道PWM输出和8通道高速计数器数据获取模块快速启动指南说明书
M-70888-channel PWM Output and 8-channel High-speed Counter Data Acquisition ModuleQuick Start GuideProduct Website:https:///m_7088/dcon_utility_pro.html1. IntroductionM-7088 has 8 PWM output channels and 8 counter inputs. It can be used to develop powerful and cost effective analog control system. PWM (Pulse width modulation) is a powerful technique for controlling analog circuits. It uses digital outputs to generate a waveform with variant duty cycle and frequency to control analog circuits. It can be used to Controlling the position/speed of motors, Dimming the brightness of lamps, Controlling the speed of fans… etc.2. Terminal AssignmentM-7088 8-ch PWM Output and 8-ch High-speed Counter DAQ Module - QuickStart (Oct/2019)M-7088 8-ch PWM Output and 8-ch High-speed Counter DAQ Module - QuickStart (Oct/2019)3. Block/ Wiring Diagram4. Default SettingsDefault settings for the M-7051 module is: Address = 01Baud Rate = 9600 Checksum disabledData = 1 Start + 8 Data + 1 Stop (no parity)PWM Frequency = 10 KHzPWM Duty Cycle = 50%PWM Steps = 1 (Continuous Type)5. ConfigurationTo install the module, follow the steps below:1. Connect the thermistor analog input.2. Connect the module to the RS-485 network using the DATA+ and DATA- terminals. If the host is only equipped with an RS-232 interface, then an RS-232 to RS-485 converter will be required.3. Connect the module to the power supply using the +Vs and GND terminals. Note that the voltage supplied should be in the range of +10 to +30V DC.4. Open DCON utility proclick on COM port(first icon).It can select multi-options such as Baud Rate, Protocol, Checksum, and Format to search module. The default settings for the module can be found in Section 3. Click OKafter selecting the COM port setting.M-7088 8-ch PWM Output and 8-ch High-speed Counter DAQ Module - QuickStart (Oct/2019)5. DCON utility pro will search for the selected COM port according the setting previously set. DCON Utility Pro supports DCON and Modbus protocol for all ICPDASand the others modules.M-7088 8-ch PWM Output and 8-ch High-speed Counter DAQ Module - QuickStart (Oct/2019)6. Configuration I/O module setting on PC7. For M-7000 modules using the Modbus RTU protocol, configure the module using the following functions.Sub-function 04h of Function 46h, see user manual Section 3.3.2Sub-function 06h of Function 46h, see user manual Section 3.3.4Sub-function 08h of Function 46h, see user manual Section 3.3.6For M-7000 modules using the Modbus RTU protocol, use Function 04h to read the data from the input channels. See user manual Section 3.2 for details.M-7088 8-ch PWM Output and 8-ch High-speed Counter DAQ Module - QuickStart (Oct/2019)8. If user doesn’t know command, user can select Address and ID, it will show some refer commands as below. User can select necessary command to test or debug modules.M-7088 8-ch PWM Output and 8-ch High-speed Counter DAQ Module - QuickStart (Oct/2019)M-7088 8-ch PWM Output and 8-ch High-speed Counter DAQ Module - QuickStart (Oct/2019)。
高二物理竞赛课件R2R倒T形电阻网络DAC(以4位为例)
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16R
DAC产生误差的主要原因： 参考电压Vref的波动，运算放大器的零点漂移，电阻 网络中电阻值的偏差等。
10.1.4 集成DAC D/A变换器集成电路有多种型号。常见的
步骤： 采样，保持，量化，编码
(a),(b): 通过样 值绘制的正弦曲 线只有一条
(c) : 所采集的样值 全为0 ，无法恢复
(d):可画出无数振 幅不同但频率相 同的正弦波
(e),(f) :通过采样 值可以绘出与原 正弦波频率不同 的新的波形，混 叠
(b) 高输入阻抗的采样---保持电路
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国美 TFG2900A 系列函数 任意波形发生器说明书
国＠海洋傣器2切，n致力于电子测试、维护领域！TFG2900A系列函数／任意波形发生器＠主要技术指标〉产品型号通道数量频频率范围（正弦波）率其它波形特频率分辨率性频率精度老化率波形种类内建采样率皮形幅度分辨率i皆波失真( OdBm)正弦波总失真度相位噪声占空比方波过冲边沿时间连占主比续脉冲波过冲输边沿时间出脉冲宽度过冲边沿时间第一脉冲宽度双脉第二脉冲宽度冲波间隔时间陈冲宽度和间隔时间分辩率脉冲状态触发源采样方式任意波采样率波形长度幅度分辨率幅度范围（50负载）幅度特性幅度分辨率幅度准确度TFG2922A I TFG2924A2 4＠主要特点〉份真青四个独立的瑜出通道，四个通道特性相同！，，正弦波频率上限约旦H是400M H z、300Mf力和200MHz怜频率约醉率1µ H z，采样速率1.2G Sa/s届，真奇正弦波、万波、指数、对数等165神波形快FM、AM、P M、P WM、S UM、F S K、ASK等13科调制b线哇频率扫描和对数频率扫描信号以及高速跳频的频率l事列输出!,, 7寸彩色TFTBOO×480触摸屏TFG2932A I TFG2934A TFG2942A TFG2944A2 4 2 41µHz～400MHz方波 1 µ Hz ～120MHz；脉冲波 1 µ Hz ～80MHz； 锯齿波 1 µ Hz ～6MHz；其它1 µ Hz ～50MHz1 µ Hz或12位数字土1ppm土1µ Hz± 1ppm／年正弦波、方波、锯齿波、脉冲波、噪声、直流、伪随机码、用户编辑任意波和用户编辑谐波等165种波形1.2GSa/s14 bits:::=;-65dBc ( <40MHz) , 运－60dBc ( < S OM H z) , ::::; -55dBc ( < 120M村z)' ε三－50dBc( < 150MHz) , 军三－45dBc ( < 200MHz ) , ::::; -40dBc ( < 250MHz) , 运－45dBc ( < 300MHz ), 三三－50dBc ( ;>-3QOMHz )运0.2%( 20Hz～20kHz, 20Vpp )运一140dBc/Hz( OdBm, 10kHz偏移，10MHz)0.01%～99.99% （受频率设置限制）罢王5%（典型值）::::;2.5ns ( 1Vpp)0.01%～99.99% （受边沿时间与频率设置限制）::::; 5% （典型值）2.5ns～1.2s ( 1Vpp），上升边沿和下降边沿单独可调4ns～（ 1 O OOOOOs -4ns )罢王5%（典型值）三三25ns ( 1V p p)5ns～20s5ns～20s5ns～20s5ns正脉冲、负脉冲、正负脉冲内部、外部逐点、采样1 µ Sa/s～200MSa/s2～16K点步进：1点16K点～32M点步进4点14bits1mVpp～10Vpp 频率运40MHz: 1 mVpp～5Vpp 频率ζ100MHz:1mV p p～2V pp 频率运200MHz1mVpp～1.5Vpp频率运300MHz;1mVpp～1Vpp 频率＞300MHz1mVpp或3位数字（正弦波1kHz,;>-10「nV p p，高阻）士（设置值x1% + 1mV)1µHz～400MHz1µHz～300MHz1µHz～300MHz1µHz～200MHz1µHz～200MHz直流偏移范围（50Q负载）± 5Vpk ( ac + de) 偏移偏移分辨率1mVdc偏移准确度士（｜设置值｜×1%+2mV＋幅度值×0.5%)频率扫描波形正弦波、方波、锯齿波等扫描频率范围 1 µ Hz～频率上限扫描模式线性扫描、对数扫描FM、AM、载波波形正弦波、方波、锯齿波等（PWM仅脉冲波）PM 、PWM 、调制波形正弦波、方波、锯齿波等调制Sum调制调制频率1mHz ～100kHz 特性FSK 、4FSK 、NFS民载波波形正弦波、方波、锯齿波等PSK、4PSK 、NPSK 跳变频率 1 µ Hz ～频率上限峪K、OSK调制跳变速率1 µ Hz-1 M Hz 猝发猝发模式触发、门控特性猝发周期 1 µ s ～500s 猝发计数1～100000000个序列波形正弦波、方波、锯齿波等频率频率范围 1 µ Hz ～频率上限序列序列模式定制序列、伪随机序列序列长度2～1024采样率 1 m Sa/s -50MSa/s 触发源内部、外部、手动采样率1 µ Sa/s ～200MSa/s 波形波形长度12～16K点步进。
最常用芯片
器件型号封装数量功能备注运放THS3115ID SOIC-14 1具有关断状态的双路低噪声高输出电流的110MHz 放大器电源：±5V-±15V输出电流：150mA OPA2691 SOIC-14 3具有禁用功能的双路宽带电流反馈运算放大器高速放大器（大于等于50MHz）THS3115ID SOIC-14 2具有关断状态的双路低噪声高输出电流的110MHz 放大器电流反馈AD811 DIP-8 2TLC27L2ACD SOIC-8 2LinCMOS(TM) 精密双路运算放大器低功耗OPA209 SOIC-8 1单通道2.2nV/rtHz、18MHz、36V RRO 精密运算放大器电源：±2.25V to±18V, +4.5V to+36V OPA2209 SOIC-8 7双通道，其他同OPA209OPA699 SOIC-8 2宽带高增益限压放大器带宽积1000M；G=6，-3dB，BW=260M；SR=1400V/us电源：±5V SN10502 SOIC-8 2双路低失真高速轨至轨输出运算放大器；BW=100M（-3dB，G=2）;SR=500V/us；电源：3V-15V MAX4477 SOIC-8 2低噪声、低失真、宽带、满摆幅运算放大器电源：2.7V-5.5VGBW=10M AD603 SOIC-8 4低噪声、90 MHz可变增益放大器AD603 DIP-8 4INA103 SOL-16 1低噪声低失真仪表放大器，GBW=100M(G=1000)内置增益设置电阻：G=1，100电源：±9V/±25 OPA4830 TSSOP-14 1低功耗宽带放大器280MHz (G = +1)120MHz (G = +2)双电源：1.4V to ±5.5V单电源：+2.8V to +11VOPA2340PA DIP-8 3 单电源轨至轨运算放大器带宽: 5.5MHzTLC2262CD SOIC-8 4双路高级LinCMOS(TM) 轨至轨运算放大器低噪声PGA103U SOIC-8 3 可编程增益放大器NE5532DR SOIC-8 8 双路低噪声高速音频运算放大器OPA4354AIPWT SSOP-14 2 250MHz 轨至轨I/O CMOS 四路运算放大器OPA642 SOIC-8 1 单路宽带低失真放大器；GBW = 400M电源：±6.5VSN761666DGKR MSOP- 8 2 AGC 放大器Input Frequency(MHz)30 to 70LF353 DIP-8 1 宽带放大器，增益带宽积：3MHz双电源电压：±5,±9, ±12, ±15VMAX419EPD DIP-14 1 转换速率0.08V/us,增益带宽积150kHzLF411CN SOP-8 1 低偏置、低漂移JFET输入运算放大器线性运算放大器OP070 SOIC-8 4 低噪声JFET 输入解补偿运算放大器标准线性放大器TLV2472 DIP-8 1 双路低功耗轨至轨输入/输出运算放大器低噪声MAX414BCPD DIP-14 2 28M单位增益带宽低电源电压±2.4伏特到±5 VMAX9939 µMAX-10 1 MAX9939为通用、差分输入可编程增益放大器(PGA)，可理想动态变化范围较宽的信号调理超低增益温漂OPA2544T TO-220-11 2 增益带宽积1.4MHz，转换速率8 V/µs单路/双路(±)±10 V ~ 35 VSA7454C DIP-18 5 双通道AB类音频功率放大器D类功放SD7408 Hsop-28-375-0.8 72×10W模拟输入的D类音频功放TPA3123D2PWP SSOP-24 4具有SE 输出的25W 立体声D 类音频功率放大器乘法器AD835 SOIP-8 1AD835是一款完整的四象限电压输出模拟乘法器，采用先进的介质隔离互补双极性工艺制造。
解读ad7699模数转换
解读ad7699模数转换
AD7699是一款8通道、16位、500kSPS吞吐速率的模数转换器（ADC），其特点如下：
1.采样速率高达500kSPS，满足高速信号采样的需求。
2.16位分辨率，可提供高精度的数据转换。
3.支持8个模拟输入通道，可以同时对多个信号进行采样。
4.采用SPI接口进行配置和数据传输，方便与微控制器等数字器件连接。
5.内置数字滤波器，可有效降低噪声和干扰。
6.具有单极性输入和全带宽输入两种模式，可根据实际需求进行选择。
7.内置参考电压源，可实现高精度的数据转换。
8.具有数字滤波器，可对数据进行平滑处理，提高数据质量。
9.支持多种工作模式，如正常模式、低功耗模式等，可根据实际需求进行选择。
总的来说，AD7699是一款高性能的模数转换器，可广泛应用于各种需要进行高速、高精度信号采样的领域，如通信、测量、医疗电子等。
热米VersaFlow Converter TWS 9000模型选择指南说明书
Table
I
II
III
IVVBiblioteka VIVIISM11
4
___
__
__
__
___
____
KEY NUMBER SM11
Description
TABLE I Flow converter
TABLE II Type
Power Supply
Approvals
TWS 9000 F, die cast alluminium field housing with local display
316 / 1.4401 tagplate (67 x 25 mm) 4 lines 25 characters per line max.
None
Instruction
German
Language
English
French
Standard, None
Destination
Belarus Kazakhstan
Instructions Select the desired key number. The arrow to the right marks the selection available. Make the desired selections from Tables I through VIII using the column below the proper arrow. A dot ( ) denotes availability.
TABLE IV Custody Tranfer Process Diagnostics
None Standard
TABLE V
Converting Housing