中国文化英语翻译

Ｕnit1 中国丝绸

中国就是丝绸得故乡。栽桑、养蚕、缫丝、织绸就是中国古代人民得伟大发明。商周时期(前1６00——前256）丝绸得生产技术就已发展到相当高得水平.西汉(前206-—公元25)时张蹇通西域,把中元与波斯湾、地中海紧密联系起来，开辟了中外交流贸易得新纪元。从此中国得丝绸以其卓越得品质、精美得花色与丰富得文化内涵闻名于世，成为中国文化得象征、东方文明得使者。

Ｃhiｎeｓe Silｋ

China ｉｓthｅｈomｅof silｋ、Mulbeｒry planｔｉng, serｉｃｕｌｔure, silk reelｉｎg aｎｄtｈｉckeninｇaｒe all greatｉnventions of the ancient Chinese、As earｌｙａs thｅShang ａｎd Zhou Dynastieｓ(1６00－BC2５6BC），ｔhｅChiｎese peoｐle’s sｉlｋ-weａvｉng ｔechｎiq ｕes had rｅached an eｘtremｅly ｈiｇh lｅvｅl、Durｉng the Weｓtern H ａｎDynasty(206ＢC—25AD),ZhanｇJiａn ,ａｎｏｕtstａndinｇdｉplomat ，traｖelｅd ａｒｏuｎｄｃeｎtｒａlＡｓｉa anｄconnecｔed Chｉｎa with thｅＰｅrsiａn Gｕlf and the Medｉterraｎean, oｐｅniｎg up aｎeｗera of Sino－ｆoｒeｉgn ｔｒａde, eｘchaｎge and muｎｉｃatｉon、Ｆromｔhen on, Ｃhｉnａ’s silｋbecame wｅｌｌknowｎfoｒits eｘtraｏrｄinar ｙｑuａlity, exｑｕisiｔｅｄesｉgnａnｄcｏlor，and abunｄaｎｔｃulturａl cｏnnｏtationｓ、Ｈitherｔo，Ｃhiｎese silｋhas ｂeen ａｃc ｅｐｔed ａs ａｓymbol oｆCｈiｎese cultｕrｅaｎｄthe emｉssａrｙｏｆｏｒieｎｔalｃiｖiliｚatioｎ、

Ｕｎit 2 中国园林

中国园林就是把人造得山水、植物、建筑等与自然地貌有机结合得环境艺术，就是我国古代建筑艺术得珍宝。其建造原则就是“妙极自然,宛自天开"。游赏中国古典园林,能充分领略“假自然之景，创山水真趣”得园林意境。在世界三大园林体系中，中国园林历史悠久、内涵丰富，被誉为世界造园史上得渊源之一。

ＣhiｎesｅＣｌassｉcal Garden

Ｔhe Cｈinesｅclａｓsicａl gardｅn ｉs a precious tｒｅasｕｒe oｆouｒａnｃient Ｃhｉnｅse arcｈｉtecture、It iｓ a kind of envｉｒonment ａrt, whｉch sｙsｔematicallｙｂines arｔificial mｏuntains ａｎd rｉｖerｓ，ｐlan ｔs ａｎd bｕｉldingsｗith ｔhｅｎａｔuraｌlａｎdｓcａｐｅ、Tｈe ｃonstrucｔion staｎdaｒd ｏf a Cｈinese cｌassical garden is “aｒｔｉｆiciａl as it is, theｇardｅn ｍuｓt lookｉngenｉous aｎｄｎatural、" Wh ｅn yｏuｇo sｉghtsｅeiｎg in a Chinese classicａｌgarden，yoｕshould be aｂle ｔo aｐpｒｅciaｔe its artisｔic concｅpt wｈich “mａｋeｓuse oｆthe naｔｕrａl landscapeｔo crｅａtｅtｈe rｅal ｆunｏf mounｔａins aｎd rｉversｆoe ｖiewers、” Of the woｒｌd's tｈrｅe major garden sｙstems, the Ｃhｉneｓｅcｌａsｓiｃａｌｇardｅn is hａileｄａs one oｆthe origins of the world’s gａrden duｅto its lｏng history anｄａbｕndantｃonｎotａtions、

Unｉt3 文房四宝

笔墨纸砚就是中国古时文人书房当中必备得宝贝，被称为“文房四宝"。用笔墨书写绘画在中国可追溯到五千年前.秦（前221-—前206）时已用不同硬度得毛与竹管制笔；汉代（前20６——公元２2０)以人工制墨代替了天然墨；有了纸张以后，简牍锦帛逐失使用;砚台则随笔墨得使用而发展。“文房四宝”到宋朝（96０——127９)以后特指湖笔(浙江湖州）、徽墨（安徽徽州)、宣纸(安徽宣州）、端砚（广东肇庆,古称端州）。可以说文房四宝书写了整个中华文明。

ThｅFｏur Ｔreaｓｕrｅｓof ｔheＳtｕdy Thｅｗrｉtｉｎg ｂｒｕｓh,ｉnｋｓtick, iｎkstonｅ, aｎd paper wｅｒｅrｅquisｉte ｔｒeａsureｓin the stｕdy of the scholａrs of aｎｃｉent Chｉｎａ，and theｙare oｆtｅｎreferred ｔｏａｓｔhe“FouｒTreasuｒeｓｏf thｅStｕｄy、"Ｔhe writinｇbrush anｄｉnkstick ｈave been ｕseｄby tｈe Chineｓe tｏwriｔe and paiｎt sｉnｃe 5,000 ｙearｓａgo、In the Qin Ｄｙnasty（2２1BＣ-２06ＢC），people alreaｄy useｄfeａtｈeｒs of ｄiｆfｅｒｅnｔhardneｓs ａnd bamboo trunks tｏmake bｒuｓheｓ、Dｕrｉnｇth ｅHａn Dyｎastｙ（２0６BC－2２0ＡD），man-maｄe ink was uｓed ｉnste ａd oｆnaturalｉnｋ、Afｔｅr pａｐer wａs ｉnvｅnted by thｅChinｅse , bａmboo sｌｉps, wooden tablｅs, brocade aｎd sｉlk, whｉch oriｇinally functi ｏned ａs ｗritinｇsｕｒfaｃes，graｄually faded oｕt、The inkstone wａs firｓt deｖeloped ｗiｔh the uｓe oｆwriｔiｎｇｂｒuｓhes and ｉｎk、After thｅSong Dynasｔy（９60AD－１27９AD）,tｈe “Fｏur Trｅasures of the Sｔuｄy”partiｃularlｙｒｅfｅrred to hubi，thｅwｒiting brush pｒod ｕced in Huzhoｕ，Zｈejiａng pｒoｖincｅ;huimo，the inksｔiｃk proｄuced ｉn Huiｚhou,Aｎhui prｏvincｅ; xｕan paｐｅr, a kind ｏf ｐapeｒpro ｄuｃed in Xｕanｚhoｕ，Anhui province and duanｙan，ｔhe inｋsｔone maｄe in Zｈａｏqiｎg，Ｇuangdong proviｎce （Zhaoqing ｗas earｌiｅr called Duanzhｏu）、Indeed，ｔhe“Fｏur Treasurｅs ｏf the Study ” hａve written the whｏle Chｉnese civilization，as ｉt iｓ、

Unit ４对联

对联又称楹联或对子,就是依中文语言一字一音得特征撰写得一种民族文体.中国对联得哲学深渊及深层民族文化心理,乃就是古代中国人把握与认识事物得阴阳二元观念.对联得特征就是“对仗”:字数相等,词性相同,平仄相合,内容相关,节奏相应。对联习俗多样，有春联、婚联、寿联、挽联、茶联等。

Antithetical Coｕｐlets

Ｔhe antiｔｈetiｃaｌcｏuplet（also called duｉlｉaｎ）ｉs alｓo known as yｉngｌian or duｉliａｎ、An anｔithetical coｕpｌｅｔis kiｎd of nation ａｌｗｒｉｔiｎg ｓtylｅ，wｈich is poseｄby tｈe skillｆul ｍａｎiｐulation of ｔhe chａraｃtｅｒｉsｔic oｆthｅChiｎese lanｇuａge that on ｅchａｒactｅr coｒrespondｓwiｔh one ｓyｌlabｌe、The philosｏphiｃal ｏrigｉn aｎd nationalｃｕltｕrａl psｙｃhｏlogy ｏf ｔhe antｉthｅtｉca ｌcouplet aｒe tｈe notiｏn of yin-yaｎｇduａｌity,aｃcording to which tｈe Chiｎeseｒeｃｏgｎiｚe aｎd master ｔｈings、Tｈｅｆｅａtｕre ｏf the antiｔhｅticaｌcoupｌet is ａn “aｎｔｉthesis”: equal cｈarａcｔｅrs, ｔhe same ｐａrt of spｅｅch, ｔhe levｅｌanｄoｂlｉqｕe fittiｎｇwiｔｈe ａch othｅr, thｅcontentｓbeing reｌaｔed，anｄｔhｅrhythmｓcoｒrespon