complete文化背景对翻译的影响1

The influence of cultural background on translation [Abstract] It is agreed that language is a component of culture and reflects it; translation is not only the linguistic but also the communication of cultures. Culture background knowledge is concerned with geographic chatacteristics,historical ,tradition, social customs ,religion arts and other aspects of a society. Also it conditions the psychological make-up of individuals. Therefore, target language readers may experience culture shock from translations do not properly deal with the factors of cultures as a result of their lack of cultural background knowledge, This paper discusses the influence of background of cultures on translation, and concludes that translators should have a vast and precise understanding of the two cultures concerned.

[Key Words] culture; translation; cultural background

文化背景对翻译的影响

[摘要] 语言不仅是文化的组成部分,也是文化的反映形式。翻译不仅仅是语言间的转换,而且是文化间的交流活动。文化背景知识涉及历史、地理特征、传统、社会风俗、宗教、艺术以及社会的各个方面。同时,文化背景知识也影响了社会成员的心理结构。因此,如果翻译者缺乏文化背景知识并因此不能恰当处理好原文中的文化因素,译文读者可能要面对激烈的文化冲击。本文将主要讨论译者文化背景知识对翻译的影响。最后得出结论:翻译者应该对相关的两种文化都有广泛而深入的认识。

[关键词] 文化;翻译;文化背景

I. introduction

Language is a part of culture and plays a very important role in it. On the one hand, without language, culture would not be possible. On the other hand, language is influenced and shaped by culture; it reflects culture. the purpose of this paper is to discuss the importance of understanding the cultural background of the English speaking countries in cultural tradition, cultural mentality, local conditions and customs, history and religious, and explains through examples the impact of cultural background on translation.

II. the impact of cultural background on translation.

Translation is a kind of activity which inevitably involves at least two languages and two cultural traditions. According to the tradition theory of translation, people considered translating activities as a process of transfer between two languages. In the 1970s, the study of translation tended to develop in several directions. It was no longer restricted to the tradition aesthetic and linguistic study and become cultural rethinking. [1]

In nature, translation is a kind of communication between cultures and is an exchange between two cultures. During the process of translation, the interpretation and expression of the connotation of culture emerge as problems to be solved at the first place. That requires the translators not only should have bilingual abilities but also should have the knowledge of two cultures of, even several cultures. For a real successful translation, knowing two cultures is more important than grasping two languages, because words become meaningful only in it s effective cultural background.”

Language cannot be viewed in isolation from other factors such as sociology and psychology. Among those related elements for successful translation, culture diversities play an important role in conveying equivalent meaning.The scope of culture is extremely wide-ranging .Any kind of language bases on the ground of certain culture. So, the cultural characteristics of language include the way of thinking, the value viewpoint of people., historical, tradition, social customs, environmental,believes and geographic features that the language reflects.

So any subtle difference on above forms can bring out problem to translation. Before translation, I think that it is very important to learn well on the cultural difference between languages .it is easy to know for all of us now that Language and culture influence each other, reflect each other and co-exist with each other. Different cultures result in different language. Different languages in turn cause different communicative patterns and finally differences between cultures.in turns We should try to know and recognize as many forms of cultural differences as possible, so that we can deal with problems of translation more flexibly.

Based on above I list some typical forms to explain the relationship between China and the Occident mainly cultural differences and translation.