关于计算机电源小知识的中英文翻译

knowledge of computer powerPC called the blood-current, in order to ensure the normal operation of the system, PC needs a constant supply of current. Even small fluctuations in current may also cause data loss or system crash. Therefore, the majority of PC users should be strengthened on the PC power supply and power supply of understanding and knowledge, so as to provide for their own system more stable and adequate power.External environmentPC can only be accepted during transmission to maintain a constant DC voltage. However, we use only the home to provide AC power in general. AC voltage in a specific range of regular fluctuations. PC in the home in the use of electric power beforethe first alternating current into direct current.PC power supply is often the external environment problems is voltage instability. For example, when transmission lines were damaged or subjected to lightning effects are likely to generate in an instant up to the kilovolt strong current, causing a serious impact on the PC, so PC is extraordinarily sensitive to the circuit in total collapse. To prevent excessive peak voltage, the user can choose to use regulators.High voltage on the computer will have a negative impact, low-voltage is also harmful. Intermittent current system may lead to abnormal closure of the system files, cause data loss. If it is found that the external power users are often the low-voltage, you can choose to use UPS (uninterruptible power supply that is) for the system to provide adequate electricity supply to ensure that the system in case of abnormal power have sufficient time to save important documents , safetyshutdown.The phenomenon of power problem diagnosisPower is the heart of PC. Although the usual dust in addition to occasional cleaning, we almost do not need any power to the PC maintenance, but it does not mean that power no problem. It is because of our neglect of the power supply, there may be anomalies in the computer can not find the root of the problem, I do not know where to start. Next, we look at the power problems that may occur when some of the symptoms.Sent abnormal smellPC use in the process, if unusual odor, you can shut down the system to see whether the reduced odor, and then restart the system, if re-odor, you should open the case, check whether there have been burning hardware.The voice of the fan is not rotatingIf the user running the process of the machine, very quiet power supply fan, there is no sound, then the user should consider re-replacement of a new power supply, and promptly shut down the system in order to avoid damage to the system overheating. Regular memory errorPC memory voltage fluctuations on very sensitive to small changes may have a serious impact. If the system always prompts in the same memory address errors, the most likely damaged memory. Conversely, if often different memory error message may indicate that the machine's power supply power supply problems.Emerged in blackBlack screen appears if the user machine, but at the same time the machine's hard drive and power the fan is still running, then the power may be due to a problem. Under normal circumstances, PC power supply will be sent to the machine motherboard constant power output signal indicates that normal. When unusual circumstances, the signal is terminated, the main board for self-protection will automatically shut down, resulting in black screen.Cold start problemIf the user found in the cold start when the machine is not a normal phenomenon or problem, such as memory error or display abnormality, such as output, but in the heat when the resumption of the above situation does not occur, then check whether the power should be a problem.At present, the most popular type ATX power supply and AT, respectively, support a different motherboard. Users that need to be replaced if a new power, then the system should be in accordance with their choice of the appropriate type. In addition, the purchasing power should be taken into account when system power demand. The power supply generally measured in units of watts, the majority of PC's power supply range of 200-250 watts. If the user plans to their PC to add a new hardware device, you should consider the selection of a more powerful power supply to ensure that new equipment will be adequate supply of electricity.Power ManagementAlmost all laptops have a power-saving mode, the mode, the system will shut down in accordance with the needs of different devices, thus extending battery life machines. Users CMOS, keyboard or operating system to start power-saving mode. At present, the vast majority of the operating system provides standard support for Advanced Power Management (APM) of the power-saving mode.APM standard provides five kinds of different power state. In addition to the full opening and full closure, but also including Standby, Suspend and Sleep mode. Standby mode to retain the existing data in memory, only a small portion of the closure device, which can quickly return the original working condition; Suspend mode to close more equipment, and Sleep mode memory will be written into the hard drive of the existing data and cut off the power supply memory.As different manufacturers use of APM in the realization of a different way, so setting APM may arise the question of conflict or incompatibility. For example, many APM system allows users or system in the CMOS settings in the software. If a user finds himself in the control panel power management settings do not work, it may be because the power management settings in the CMOS settings with the conflict. APM technology as a succession of Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) has been the vast majority of the current laptops and desktop support. ACPI provides a soft shutdown function, can make PC, even in sleep mode will still be able to external events, such as to respond to receive a fax, etc., and quickly wake up the system.Power is an important power parameters, power can be interpreted as peak power, output power, rated power. Peak power output means the maximum instantaneouspower (usually not more than 1 minutes): output power refers to power fluctuations in the voltage range less (200V-264V), use the normal ambient temperature (25 degrees), can be a long time stability power; rated power is the power fluctuations in the voltage range (180V-264V), the use of ambient temperature at -5 degrees to 50 degrees, can power a long time stability. Century logo for power supply rated power, such as the Century rated power 200W power supply, is usually the output power of 260W, peak power of 330W.Fan for the power itself and the host computer played an important role in cooling, exhaust fans a direct impact on the size of the volume of the host computer and power supply cooling. Select high-quality power supply fan is an important guarantee for quality.The important role of wire is voltage, current transmission. Smaller or low-grade copper wire, not only will affect the effectiveness of transmission, thus affecting the use of power at the same time, prolonged use is often due to overheating caused by the burning of wire to the user irreparable damage.The importance of fluctuations in power outputThe stability of power supply output voltage is an important power indicator, but by no means a power to judge the merits of the only indicators. Power performance indicators are very many more than the last 20, voltage stability is only one of them. As long as the power output in a reasonable range of computer accessories will not have a negative impact, then fluctuations in voltage ranging from 1% and 5% significance is the same, too much attention to the size of fluctuations is unnecessary. However, fluctuations in the relative size, reflect the power of the load capacity, the smaller the relative volatility of the power supply, the actual maximum output power may be greater, after all, the output voltage in excess of the scope of the output power can do no good.On the other hand, low voltage high voltage greater than the risk of low voltage work up to the computer does not give rise to normal and high voltage hardware may be destroyed.What is the ripple and noise?Power function is to convert AC DC, but in fact, the output of the DC is not a pure straight line, but dependent on a number of cyclical and random exchange of signals, we call the pattern and the noise set aside, and their very small number of general use, said mV. Ripple and noise of the computer power supply is very important indicators, ripple and noise have been a great miscarriage of justice may have a CPU, a serious computer may burn.Computer systems in the important role of powerPower is the power source of the host computer, the computer system, all components are on the internal chassis power supply, power quality of the output DC voltage, components directly affect the quality of life and performance. Many power supply manufacturers are often the face of market competition to reduce the components, such as filter circuit saving devices, protection circuits, or the use of low-cost, low-margin components to reduce costs to improve competitiveness in the market, and this is often the victim ordinary users. Easily lead to bad computer power supplythe following issues:1, computer crashes, error, speakers have noise. The reason is that in eliminating the power supply EMI filters, anti-jamming capability, without any interference from the power grid will enable the normal operation of the machine are affected.2, resulting in Bad Track or damaged hard disk. Not lead to power with false Bad Track hard disk, before the rehabilitation to be a good replacement of the power supply, or else a long time prone to permanent damage to the hard disk, it is necessary to return to factory repair.3, CD-ROM not load performance. If you are new or new computer with the CD-ROM to buy bad load, and the CD-ROM itself is good, then a lot of possible causes may be the power supply.4, corrugated display, there may be water supply problems.5, the host can not understand the re-start, there may be power supply problem. Switching Power SupplyAt present, all belong to the PC power supply switching power supply. Switching Power Supply is a popular place for the computer's "Transformers", will be transformed into established AC DC power supply computer parts to use, it uses the power switch. Switching power supply with a linear power supply not the same. Bulky linear power supplies, more power, and switching power supply can meet the PC to the power "big power, small size, small-power" requirements. The work of switching power supply is a first exchange of 220V DC, and then to DC converter into the exchange, and finally turned into a DC output exchanges.AT Power SupplyAT power supply is generally 150W ~ 250W, a total of four output (5V, 12V), the other to the motherboard to provide a PG (Power Good) signal. 6 output lines for the two plugs and a few core 4 core plug, two 6-cell power supply socket to the motherboard. AT power supply used to cut off the way off, that is "hard shutdown." AT now has withdrawn from the market power ATX power supplyATX specification Intel Corporation in 1995 to develop the structure of the new motherboard standard English (AT Extend) acronym, you can extend the standard translation for the AT, and ATX power supply is designed in accordance with the specifications of the power.ATX power supply with the AT form factor does not change much, but the abolition of the traditional ATX power supply power switch of the city, rely on the +5 VSB, PS-ON control signal to realize the power of the combination of opening and closing. After years of development, ATX power supply currently on the market that there are five versions: ATX2.0 version, ATX2.01 version, ATX2.02 version, ATX2.03 version and ATX12V version. Which belongs to the latest ATX12V 2.0 upgrade ATX12V it all the way an increase of +12 V single output, that is, a dual output, all the way in which +12 V (known as the +12 V1) for the CPU power supply, +12 V2 and the other way other equipment for power supply to meet the PCI Express X16 and DDR2 memory needs. As a result of dual 12V output, so the main power supply interface is also changed from the original 24Pin Output 20Pin. BTX powerBTX power supply is also designed to comply with the BTX standard PC powersupply, but compatible with the ATX power supply BTX technology, its internal structure and working principle is basically the same, output standards and the current ATX12V 2.0 specification, the ATX12V 2.0 specification is the same as using 24pin connector.BTX Power Supply ATX mainly in the original basis of norms derived from ATX 12V, CFX 12V, LFX 12V power supply in several specifications. ATX 12V which is both specifications, the reason for this is because the power supply ATX12V 2.0 version can be directly applied to the standard BTX chassis. CFX12V applied to the system a total capacity of 15 liters in the 10 to the chassis; this power supply with the previous Although technically there is no change, but in order to meet the size requirements, the use of the irregular shape. At present, the definition of the 220W, 240W, 275W three specifications, 275W which are independent of each other using the power of dual +12 V output. LFX12V is applicable to the system capacity from 6 to 9 liters of the chassis, there are currently two specifications for 180W and 200W.计算机电源小知识电流称得上PC的血液，为确保系统的正常运转，PC需要恒定的电流供应。