(完整版)高中英语不定式知识点整理
不定式知识点归纳总结
不定式知识点归纳总结一、不定式的构成不定式是动词的一种形式,由“to + 动词原形”构成。
例如:to be, to do, to go等。
二、不定式的用法1. 作主语例句:To study hard is important for students.翻译:努力学习对学生来说是很重要的。
2. 作宾语例句:I want to learn English.翻译:我想学英语。
3. 作宾语补足语例句:She asked me to help her.翻译:她要求我帮助她。
4. 作表语例句:Her dream is to become a doctor.翻译:她的梦想是成为一名医生。
5. 作定语例句:There is a lot of work to do.翻译:有很多工作要做。
6. 作状语例句:He came here to see you.翻译:他来这里是为了见你。
7. 用在and, but, or连接两个不定式例句:I want to learn English and to improve my speaking skills.翻译:我想学英语,还想提高口语能力。
8. 与形容词和副词连用例句:I'm happy to meet you.翻译:见到你我很高兴。
9. 用在名词前表示目的,结果等例句:He gave us some advice to help us study better. 翻译:他给了我们一些建议,帮助我们更好地学习。
三、不定式的特殊用法1. with + 宾语 + 不定式例句:He left me with nothing to say.翻译:他让我无话可说。
2. for + 宾语 + to 不定式例句:We have a lot of work for you to do.翻译:我们有很多工作需要你做。
3. 不定式的被动形式例句:The book is difficult to finish.翻译:这本书难以完成。
高中英语 英语语法:动词不定式总结的归纳总结
一.动词不定式的特征和种类动词不定式由“不定式符号to+动词原形”构成。
在某些情况下,to 也可以省略。
A. 不定式的一般式不定式的一般式表示的动作通常与主要谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生,或是在它之后发生。
He appears to be very happy. 他看起来好象很高兴。
(同时发生)To catch the train ,we’d better hurry to the station by taxi. 为了赶上火车,我们最好赶紧乘出租车去车站。
(to catch the train 发生在hurry to the station 之后.)B. 不定式的进行式不定式的进行式表示正在进行的或与谓语动词同时发生的动作。
It happens to be raining when I got there. 我到达那里的时候,天碰巧下雨。
I’m glad to be travelling with you. 我很高兴和你一起旅游。
C .不定式的完成式不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语表示的动作之前。
I’m sorry to have lost your key. 我很抱歉把你的钥匙弄没了。
I meant to have finished my work last night , but I didn’t feel very well. 我本来想昨晚完成工作的,但是我觉得身体不舒服。
It has been an honor for me to have been invited to your country. 对我来说,应邀来你们国家是一件很荣耀的事。
D.不定式的完成进行式不定式的完成进行式表示的动作在谓语表示的动作之前发生并且一直进行着。
He was said to have been living in London for 20 years. 据说他在伦敦一直住了20年。
I’m sorry to have been interrupting you. 很抱歉,我一直打扰你。
高中英语知识点归纳动词的不定式与动名词
高中英语知识点归纳动词的不定式与动名词动词的不定式与动名词是英语中重要的语法知识点,具有广泛的用途。
在高中英语学习中,学生需要熟练掌握不定式和动名词的形式、用法以及常见的搭配。
本文将对动词的不定式与动名词的相关知识进行归纳总结,并给出一些常见的例句和实际运用场景。
一、动词的不定式不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式,通常由“to + 动词原形”构成。
不定式在句子中可以作为主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语。
1. 不定式作主语不定式作主语时,常常位于句首,用来指代具体的行为、想法或概念。
例句:- To learn a foreign language is not easy.(学习一门外语并不容易。
)- To avoid traffic jam, we decided to take the subway.(为了避免交通堵塞,我们决定乘地铁。
)2. 不定式作宾语不定式作宾语时,常常跟在某些动词(如want, hope, plan, decide等)后面,表示将要发生的动作。
例句:- She wants to be a doctor in the future.(她将来想成为一名医生。
)- We have decided to visit the Great Wall next week.(我们决定下周去参观长城。
)3. 不定式作表语不定式作表语时,常常跟在be动词(如is, am, are, was, were等)后面,表示主语的身份、职业或角色。
例句:- His dream is to become a famous writer.(他的梦想是成为一名著名的作家。
)- Their job is to teach English to international students.(他们的工作是教国际学生英语。
)4. 不定式作定语不定式作定语时,通常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后,用来修饰它们。
例句:- I have a book to read this weekend.(这个周末我有一本书要读。
高中英语知识点归纳动词的不定式与动名词的用法
高中英语知识点归纳动词的不定式与动名词的用法动词的不定式与动名词在英语语法中扮演着重要的角色。
不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式,通常以to+动词原形的形式出现。
动名词则以动词加-ing的形式出现。
它们在句子中可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等不同的成分,并且有着各自的用法和特点。
本文将对高中英语中不定式和动名词的用法进行归纳总结。
1. 不定式的用法不定式的主要用法如下:1.1 作为动词的宾语:例如:- I want to go to the beach this weekend.(我想这个周末去海滩。
)- They love to play basketball.(他们喜欢打篮球。
)1.2 作为动词的表语:例如:- Her dream is to become a doctor.(她的梦想是成为一名医生。
)- The best method to learn a new language is to practice speaking it.(学习一门新语言的最佳方法是实践口语。
)1.3 作为不及物动词的宾语补足语:例如:- They made him leave the party.(他们让他离开派对。
)- She saw the cat climb up the tree.(她看到猫爬上树。
)1.4 作为介词的宾语:例如:- He is good at playing the piano.(他擅长弹钢琴。
)- We are interested in learning new things.(我们对学习新事物感兴趣。
)1.5 作为名词的定语:例如:- We need a pen to write the letter.(我们需要一支笔来写信。
)- Is there anything to eat in the fridge?(冰箱里有吃的东西吗?)2. 动名词的用法动名词的主要用法如下:2.1 作为名词的主语:例如:- Swimming is my favorite sport.(游泳是我最喜欢的运动。
(完整word版)动词不定式要点总结
[特别提醒]使役动词let,make,have等,感官动词see,hear,feel,watch,notice,look at,listen to等,后常跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。例如:
A woman saw it happen when she was walking past. 一位妇女路过时看到(它掉下)了。
It's very hard for him to study two languages.对他来说学两门外语是很难的。
We often heard her sing in the next room. 我们经常听到她在隔壁唱歌。
注意:在被动语态句子中,不定式前必须加to.例如:
He was made to do it. 他被迫做这件事。
She was often heard to sing in the next room. 经常听到她在隔壁唱歌。
I like to keep everything tidy.我喜欢每件东西都保持整洁。
I like you to keep verything tidy.我喜欢你使每件东西都保持整洁。
I want to speak to Tom.我想和汤姆谈话。
I want you to speak to Tom.我想让你和汤姆谈话。
He taught us how to use a computer. 他教我们如何使用计算机。
I don't know where to go? 我不知道去哪里。
1)动词+不定式
afford, aim, appear, agree, arrange, ask, be, decide, bother, care, choose, come, dare, demand, desire, determine, expect, elect, endeavor, hope, fail, happen, help, hesitate, learn, long, mean, manage, offer, ought, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, seem, tend, wait, wish, undertake
不定式知识点归纳总结
不定式知识点归纳总结不定式是英语中的一种非谓语动词形式,在句中可以作为名词、形容词或副词使用,具有无人称、无时态和无语态的特点。
在语法上,不定式是一个复合结构,由to + 动词原形构成。
本文旨在归纳总结不定式的用法和相关知识点。
一、作名词用的不定式1. 作主语不定式可作主语,常用结构为:To + 动词原形。
例如:To learn a foreign language is challenging.(学习外语很有挑战性。
)2. 作宾语不定式可作及物动词的宾语,常用结构为:动词 + 不定式。
例如:She wants to visit her grandparents.(她想去看望她的祖父母。
)3. 作介词的宾语不定式可作介词的宾语,常见的介词有:to, for, about, of, in, on等。
例如:I am looking forward to meeting you.(我期待着见到你。
)4. 作表语不定式可作表语,常用结构为:主语 + be动词 + 不定式。
例如:Her dream is to become a doctor.(她的梦想是成为一名医生。
)二、作形容词用的不定式1. 修饰名词不定式可用来修饰名词,常见结构为:a(n) + 形容词 + 不定式。
例如:He has a lot of work to do.(他有很多工作要做。
)2. 修饰不定代词不定式可用来修饰不定代词,常见的不定代词有:something, nothing, everything, someone, anyone, no one等。
例如:There is nothing to worry about.(没有什么可担心的。
)三、作副词用的不定式1. 修饰动词不定式可以修饰动词,表示动作发生的目的、结果等。
常见结构为:动词 + 不定式。
例如:He went to the store to buy some groceries.(他去商店买了些食品杂货。
高中英语知识点归纳非谓语动词的用法及常见形式
高中英语知识点归纳非谓语动词的用法及常见形式非谓语动词是指在句子中充当动词的形式,但不具备谓语的特征,不带有人称和数的变化。
非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词和动词的分词形式。
在高中英语学习中,非谓语动词的用法十分重要。
本篇文章将归纳总结高中英语知识点,介绍非谓语动词的用法及常见形式。
一、不定式(Infinitive)不定式通常由“to + 动词原形”构成,具有名词、形容词和副词的特点。
不定式可以作为主语、宾语、表语、定语和宾补等。
1. 作主语:To learn English well is important for students.学好英语对学生来说很重要。
2. 作宾语:I want to go shopping with my friends.我想和朋友一起去购物。
3. 作表语:Her dream is to become a doctor.她的梦想是成为一名医生。
4. 作定语:The best way to learn a foreign language is to practice more.学习外语的最好方法就是多练习。
5. 作宾补:She asked me to finish the report as soon as possible.她要求我尽快完成报告。
二、动名词(Gerund)动名词以动词的现在分词形式(-ing)作为主要构词方式,具有名词的特点,可作为名词的任何功能。
1. 作主语:Studying hard is the key to success.努力学习是取得成功的关键。
2. 作宾语:I enjoy singing in the shower.我喜欢在淋浴时唱歌。
3. 作表语:His favorite activity is swimming.他最喜欢的活动是游泳。
4. 作定语:I have a writing class tomorrow.我明天有一节写作课。
5. 作宾补:They felt like going for a walk after dinner.晚饭后他们想去散步。
高中英语动词不定式语法知识点总结
高中英语动词不定式语法知识点总结动词不定式考向一不定式的作用1. 作主语:不定式作主语时,谓语用单数。
往往用it 作形式主语,把不定式放在谓语后面。
It took us two hours to finish the job.2. 作宾语(1)动词+不定式。
☞He managed to escape from the fire.☞I find it hard to get along with him. (it 作形式宾语)(2)动词+疑问词+to,"特殊疑问句+不定式"相当于名词,作宾语。
☞I don’t know what to do next/ how to do it next.不定式短语作宾语时,如果还带有宾语补足语,往往把不定式短语放在宾语补足语之后,用it 作形式宾语。
☞I find it necessary to learn a foreign language.3. 作宾语补足语(1)动词+宾语+不定式(to do )。
☞He warned me to be careful.注意:可以用动词不定式作宾补的动词有:ask,tell,order,want,get,would like,like,advise,invite,allowhelp,wish,warn,expect,would prefer,encourage。
(2)表见解、看法的动词结构可为:动词+宾语+ to be 的不定式结构。
☞We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class.The book is believed to be useful.(被动语态)(3)There +不定式。
We didn’t expect there to be so many people there. 我们没料到会有那么多人在那里。
(4)在动词feel (一感),hear, listen to(二听),have, let, make(三让),notice, see, watch, observe, look at(五看)(即:吾看三室两厅一感觉)等后面的补足语中,不定式不带to,但变为被动语态后,必须带to。
英语不定式知识点归纳
英语不定式知识点归纳一、不定式的构成。
不定式由“to + 动词原形”构成(to有时可以省略)。
例如:to go, to see, to eat等。
在某些情况下,如使役动词(let、make、have)和感官动词(see、hear、feel等)后作宾语补足语时,to要省略。
例如:I saw him go into the room.(这里go前面省略了to)二、不定式在句中的作用。
1. 作主语。
- 直接作主语:- To learn English well is not easy.(为了避免句子头重脚轻,往往用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语不定式后置,即It is not easy to learn English well.)- 用it作形式主语的常见句型:- It + be+形容词+(for/of sb.)+to do sth.- 如果形容词是描述事物特征的(如easy, difficult, important等),用for sb.。
例如:It is important for us to protect the environment.- 如果形容词是描述人的品质的(如kind, nice, stupid等),用of sb.。
例如:It is kind of you to help me.2. 作宾语。
- 有些及物动词后只能接不定式作宾语,如want, hope, decide, agree, expect等。
例如:I hope to see you soon.- 疑问词(what, how, where等)+不定式结构,可在句中作宾语。
例如:Idon't know what to do next.3. 作宾语补足语。
- 常跟不定式作宾补的动词有ask, tell, want, allow, encourage等。
例如:My mother told me to clean my room.- 在一些使役动词和感官动词后的宾补不带to,但变为被动语态时,要加上to。
高中英语知识点归纳动词不定式的用法和结构
高中英语知识点归纳动词不定式的用法和结构动词不定式是英语中的一种非谓语动词形式,由动词原形加上to构成。
它可以充当名词、形容词或副词,具有时态、语态和语气的特点。
在高中英语学习中,动词不定式的用法和结构非常重要。
本文将对其进行归纳总结。
一、动词不定式作主语动词不定式可以充当句子的主语,常见的结构有:1. It + be + 形容词 + 不定式作主语例如:- It is important to learn a foreign language.学习一门外语很重要。
- It is necessary to finish the task before deadline.在截止日期之前完成任务是必要的。
2. 不定式结构作主语例如:- To travel around the world is my dream.环游世界是我的梦想。
- To study hard is the key to success.努力学习是成功的关键。
二、动词不定式作宾语动词不定式可以作及物动词的宾语,常见的结构有:1. 动词 + 不定式作宾语例如:- I want to go shopping this weekend.这个周末我想去购物。
- She decided to take a break and relax.她决定休息一下,放松一下。
2. 常见的动词有:agree, hope, promise, refuse, plan, learn, wish等。
三、动词不定式作补语动词不定式可以作宾语补足语,常见的结构有:1. 动词 + 宾语 + 不定式作补足语例如:- They made him work overtime.他们让他加班工作。
- We find it interesting to solve puzzles.我们发现解谜很有趣。
2. 情态动词 + 动词原形作补足语例如:- He can't afford to buy a new car.他买不起新车。
动词不定式的高中总结
动词不定式的高中总结动词不定式是英语学习中的重要语法点,也是高考的必备知识点。
本文将从定义、种类、语法功能、用法、注意事项以及练习与巩固等方面,对动词不定式进行总结。
1、动词不定式的定义动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式,由“to+”动词原形组成,可以表达一个完整的动作,具有名词、形容词和副词的特点。
在句子中,它可以作为主语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语等成分。
2、动词不定式的种类动词不定式可以分为三种类型:基本形式、完成形式和被动形式。
基本形式是“to+”动词原形;完成形式是“to have+过去分词”;被动形式是“to be+过去分词”。
3、动词不定式的语法功能动词不定式可以修饰名词、代词、形容词等,也可以作为主语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语等成分使用。
在句子中,它可以表示未来的动作或状态,或者表示一个条件、一种可能性等。
4、动词不定式的用法5、动词不定式的用法包括变化、重复、否定等。
变化包括第三人称单数变化、现在分词变化和过去分词变化。
重复包括原形动词和动词短语的使用。
否定形式是“not+动词不定式”。
6、动词不定式的注意事项在使用动词不定式时,需要注意一些问题,例如不能用于被动结构、无被动态等。
此外,还需要注意一些常用的动词不定式短语,如“to be able to”、“to prefer”、“tochoose”等。
7、练习与巩固为了更好地掌握动词不定式的知识,可以进行一些针对性的练习。
例如,可以尝试用动词不定式造句,或者完成一些语法填空题和选择题等。
通过不断的练习,可以加深对动词不定式的理解和掌握。
动词不定式是英语学习中的重要语法点,也是高考的必备知识点。
通过掌握动词不定式的定义、种类、语法功能、用法、注意事项以及练习与巩固等方面,可以更好地掌握这一语法知识,提高英语应用能力。
高中英语知识点归纳非谓语动词的用法和种类
高中英语知识点归纳非谓语动词的用法和种类高中英语知识点归纳:非谓语动词的用法和种类在英语语法中,动词是句子的重要组成部分。
除了常见的谓语动词外,还存在一种特殊的形式,即非谓语动词。
非谓语动词是指在句子中不作谓语的动词形式。
本文将对非谓语动词的用法和种类进行归纳总结。
一、不定式(Infinitive)不定式是非谓语动词中最常见的形式之一。
它的结构为“to + 动词原形”。
不定式可以用作主语、宾语、定语、表语以及宾语补足语等。
1. 作主语:To learn English well takes time and effort.(学好英语需要时间和努力。
)2. 作宾语:She wants to visit her grandparents this summer.(她想要这个夏天去拜访她的祖父母。
)3. 作定语:The best way to learn a new language is to practice regularly.(学习一门新语言的最好方法是定期练习。
)4. 作表语:Her dream is to become a successful writer.(她的梦想是成为一名成功的作家。
)5. 作宾语补足语:I find it difficult to understand this article.(我发现这篇文章很难理解。
)二、动名词(Gerund)动名词是非谓语动词的另一种形式,它的形式为动词的-ing形式。
动名词可以用作主语、宾语、定语以及表语等。
1. 作主语:Swimming is his favorite sport.(游泳是他最喜欢的运动。
)2. 作宾语:I enjoy reading novels in my free time.(我喜欢在闲暇时间读小说。
)3. 作定语:The smiling girl in the picture is my sister.(照片中微笑的女孩是我的姐姐。
高中英语不定式知识点整理
The Infinitive三、动词不定式在句中作用1.主语To be a good teacher requires patience.It is important for you to use your time wisely.It is brave of him to dive from the cliff.it 形式主语•(1)It is +adj.+ (for sb.) to do…•easy/difficult/hard/right/wrong/unnecessary…•(2)It is/was +adj. + (of sb.) to do…•kind/clever/foolish/strange/polite…•(3) It is +名词+ to do...• a pity/an honor/one’s duty/no easy job/good manners…2.宾语We hope to have more opportunities to talk with native speakers.They asked her how to get to the railway station.(常以不定式作宾语的动词:afford, agree, ask, attempt, beg, bother, care, choose, claim, decide, desire, expect, fail, help, intend, learn, manage, offer,plan, prepare, pretend,refuse, threaten, wish等)辨析不定式与动名词:1) 动词remember, forget, regret后接动名词表示已经做过的动作,不定式表示没有做过或将要做的动作.•I remember seeing him yesterday.•I remember having seen him before.•Please remember to see him today.2)动词like, love, hate, begin, start既可用动名词也可用不定式作宾语,意思基本相同,但动名词表经常性的动作,不定式偏向一次性动作。
高中英语知识点归纳不定式的用法
高中英语知识点归纳不定式的用法不定式是英语语法中的一个重要概念,广泛应用于句子中的不同结构和表达方式。
正确掌握不定式的用法对于高中英语学习者来说至关重要。
本文将对不定式的用法进行归纳总结,旨在帮助学生更好地理解和运用不定式。
一、作主语不定式可以作为句子的主语,常见的表达形式包括:1. 不定式短语作为主语:To improve English is my goal.(提高英语是我的目标。
)2. 带to的不定式作为主语:To study is essential.(学习是必要的。
)二、作表语不定式可以作为句子的表语,常见的表达形式包括:1. 不带to的不定式作为表语:His dream is to become a doctor.(他的梦想是成为一名医生。
)2. 带to的不定式作为表语:His goal is to win the championship.(他的目标是赢得冠军。
)三、作宾语不定式可以作为句子的宾语,常见的表达形式包括:1. 动词不定式作宾语:I want to go to the park.(我想去公园。
)2. 动词短语加不定式作宾语:He decided to take a break and relax.(他决定休息放松一下。
)四、作定语不定式可以作为句子的定语,常见的表达形式包括:1. 修饰名词的不定式:I have a book to read.(我有一本书要读。
)2. 修饰代词的不定式:He has something to say.(他有话要说。
)五、作状语不定式可以作为句子的状语,常见的表达形式包括:1. 表示目的或原因的不定式:He went to the supermarket to buy some groceries.(他去超市买了一些食品杂货。
)2. 表示结果的不定式:He spoke so loudly as to wake up the whole neighborhood.(他说得很大声,把整个邻居都吵醒了。
高中英语知识点归纳动词的不定式与动名词的特殊用法
高中英语知识点归纳动词的不定式与动名词的特殊用法动词的不定式与动名词是英语语法中的重要部分,它们有着特殊的用法。
掌握了这些用法,可以帮助我们更准确地表达意思。
本文将对高中英语中动词的不定式与动名词的特殊用法进行归纳总结。
一、不定式的特殊用法1. 作主语不定式可以作为句子的主语,常见的形式有:"To do good is important." (做好事很重要)"It is important to do good." (做好事很重要)在这种用法中,不定式起到名词的作用,整个不定式短语作为句子的主语。
2. 作宾语不定式可以作为及物动词的宾语。
常见的动词有:want, plan, hope, decide, promise, agree等。
例如:"I want to go shopping."(我想去购物)"She promised to help me."(她答应帮助我)3. 作目的状语不定式可以表示动作的目的,常与动词prepare, learn, go等连用。
例如:"I am studying hard to pass the exam."(我正在努力学习以通过考试)"She bought some flowers to decorate the room."(她买了些花来装饰房间)4. 作结果状语不定式可以表示动作的结果,常与形容词或副词连用。
例如:"He is too young to drive."(他太年轻不能开车)"She is too tired to work."(她太累不能工作)二、动名词的特殊用法1. 作主语动名词可以作为句子的主语,常见的形式有:"Swimming is my favorite sport."(游泳是我最喜欢的运动)"Reading helps improve vocabulary."(阅读有助于提高词汇量)2. 作宾语动名词可以作为及物动词的宾语。
不定式知识梳理-2024届高考英语一轮语法复习
不定式(1)不定式的一般式不定式的一般式表示的动作通常时间性不强,与谓语动词表示的动作没有时间先后顺序I’m pleased to see you here.I am expecting to hear from you.I would like you to stay over the weekend with me.(2)不定式的完成式不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前,强调动作的先后顺序I’m sorry to have kept you waiting so long.She is said to have studied abroad last year.The boy pretended to have known the answer.(3)不定式的进行式不定式的进行式表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时进行Mary seems to be thinking deeply.The children pretended to be reading aloud when the teacher came in.I happened to be watching TV when she called.(4)不定式的被动形式不定式的被动式只有一般式和完成式She asks to be treated equally.The radio needs to be repaired.The room seems to have been broken in.The telephone is considered to have been invented by Bell.动词不定式的用法:一、作主语A.动词不定式作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。
(可由it作形式主语,而将真正的主语不定式后置。
)1. To point out the mistakes you have made is my chief purpose.2.To become a slave is to give up one's freedom.3.It is impossible for him to give up smoking.4.To get there by air will take you only about two hours.=It will take you only about two hours to get there by air.B: It is +adj. + for sb to do sth.5.对于学生们来说,理解这篇文章很容易。
高中英语复习讲义:动词不定式知识点总结
高中英语复习讲义动词不定式知识点总结动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式,其结构为“ to do ”,其中to不是介词,而是动词不定式的符号,称为小品词,动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。
但有时态和语态的变化。
动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语,在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、独立成分或与疑问词等连用。
|不定式时态和语态•Theypretended not to see us.(不定式的一般式表示与谓语动词动作几乎同时发生或者发生在谓语动词动作之后.)•He pretendedto be sleeping.(不定式的进行式表示在谓语动词动作发生的同时,不定式的动作也正在进行)•She pretendedto have known it before.(完成式表示不定式动作发生在谓语动作之前)•We’re happy to have been working with you.(完成进行式表示谓语动作发生之前,不定式的动作一直在进行而且可能之后也继续)01不定式做主语例如:To be a doctor is hard. 做医生很难。
To learn English well is not easy.学好英语不容易。
1)单个不定式作主语时,谓语动词用单数2)动词不定式(短语)作主语时,为了避免句子的头重脚轻,可以用“it”作形式主语,而把真正的主语则为动词不定式(短语)放在句子的后部。
例如上面的句子可以表示为:To learn English well is not easy.= It is not easy to learn English well.To use English every day is important for students. = It is important for students to use English every day.02不定式作宾语( vt. + to do )动词不定式(短语)可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语,能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有:begin, start, want, forget, remember, learn, like, hate, love, ask , decide, expect, want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer, mean 等等例如:1)I want to tell you a story. 我想给你讲个故事。
高中英语知识点归纳动词的不定式
高中英语知识点归纳动词的不定式动词的不定式是英语中一种非常重要的语法结构,它可以用来表达动作的目的、原因、愿望、意愿等。
在高中英语学习中,了解并正确运用动词的不定式是提高语言表达能力和写作水平的重要一环。
本文将对高中英语中的动词不定式知识点进行归纳总结。
一、不定式的基本形式与用法动词不定式的基本形式是“to + 动词原形”,例如:to go, to eat, to study。
在句子中,不定式可以充当名词、形容词或副词。
1. 不定式作主语不定式作主语时,常用于句子的开头或者后面。
例如:- To learn a foreign language is important.- It is important to learn a foreign language.2. 不定式作宾语动词不定式可以作及物动词的宾语,常跟在动词后面。
例如:- I want to go to the movies tonight.- She loves to dance.3. 不定式作表语不定式可以作表语,通常与be动词连用。
例如:- His dream is to become a doctor.4. 不定式作定语动词不定式可以修饰名词,充当名词的定语。
例如:- She has a book to read.5. 不定式作状语动词不定式可以作状语,修饰动词、形容词或副词,表达动作的目的、原因、结果等。
例如:- He went to the store to buy some groceries.(目的)- She is too young to watch that movie.(结果)二、动词不定式的时态与语态动词不定式有时态和语态的变化,主要包括一般式、进行式、完成式和被动式。
1. 一般式一般式表示动作或状态的普遍性、一般性。
例如:- I like to play basketball.2. 进行式进行式表示动作正在进行。
高考英语动词不定式的用法归纳
高考英语动词不定式的用法归纳一、动词不定时的形式:肯定式:to do sth 否定式:not to do sth. 被动式:to be done 完成式:to have done 进行式:to be doing一般式和完成式的被动语态: to be done / to have been done二、动词不定式的用法1(作主语A 动词不定式作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。
如:(1) To see is to believe.(2)To master English gives us much help in the study of sience. B 不定式或不定式短语作主语时,常用it作形式主语,构成“It is + 形容词(+for sb.)不定式”结构。
It is impossible for him to give up smoking.2(作宾语A(动词后直接不定式作宾语的动词有许多,如want, decide, intend, fail, wish, export,pretend, choose等等。
I mean to go there at once. B.不定式短语作宾语时,如果还带有宾语补足语,往往把不定式短语放在宾补之后,而“主语+find (feel, 用it作形式宾语。
句型为think, believe, consider,etc) +it+形容词/名词+to do sth”。
I think it necessary to report the thing to theteacher.I find it interesting to work with him.C(动词不定式还可以用作介词宾语,但仅限于介词except和but(除了)。
常用句型有:There is nothing to do but+动词原形do nothing but+动词原形have no choice but to docan’t help/choose but+动词原形3(作表语和宾语不足语动词不定式作表语,一是主语由不定式充当;二是主语由抽象名词充当。
(完整版)高中英语语法讲解不定式
高中英语语法讲解不定式(The Infinitive)定义:动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种,它没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能独立作谓语,但它仍保持动词的特点,既可以有自己的宾语和状语。
E.g. He want his students to read the book aloud.A.1不定式的构成(以动词do为例)主动形式被动形式一般式to do to be done完成式to have done to have been done进行式to be doing 无完成进行式to have been doing 无2不定式的意义不定式的一般式(to do )一般式表示的动作或状态,发生在谓语动词表示的动作或状态的同时或之后My wish is to become a doctorHe seemed to be tired.She stopped to have a rest.不定式的被动式 (to be done)当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,不定式一般要用被动式.The building to be finished next month is for our teachers.I am going to Beijing, I have something to take to my parents, do you have something to be taken to your parents?如果谓语表示的动作(情况)发生时, 不定式表示动作正在进行,这时候不定式就要用进行式.(to be doing)They are said to be building another bridge across the street.They seemed to be talking about something important.When I went to his home, he happened to be traveling around the world.I’m glad to be working with you.如果不定式所表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词所表示动作或状态之前,就用完成式 (to have done) ;若是在此基础上的被动含义,就用完成被动式( to have been done).He is said to have written a novel about the Long March.He thought it a pity not to have invited us.The assistant seemed to have been fired.He is said to have been taught French when he was a child.Einstein is said to have built up his theory when he was in his twenties.如果不定式的动作是在谓语所表示的时间之前一直在进行的动作,就要用完成进行式.They are said to have been collecting folk song in Xinjiang.We’re happy to have been working with the experts all the month.B. 用法:动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。
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The Infinitive三、动词不定式在句中作用1.主语To be a good teacher requires patience.It is important for you to use your time wisely.It is brave of him to dive from the cliff.it 形式主语•(1)It is +adj.+ (for sb.) to do…•easy/difficult/hard/right/wrong/unnecessary…•(2)It is/was +adj. + (of sb.) to do…•kind/clever/foolish/strange/polite…•(3) It is +名词+ to do...• a pity/an honor/one’s duty/no easy job/good manners…2.宾语We hope to have more opportunities to talk with native speakers.They asked her how to get to the railway station.(常以不定式作宾语的动词:afford, agree, ask, attempt, beg, bother, care, choose, claim, decide, desire, expect, fail, help, intend, learn, manage, offer,plan, prepare, pretend,refuse, threaten, wish等)辨析不定式与动名词:1) 动词remember, forget, regret后接动名词表示已经做过的动作,不定式表示没有做过或将要做的动作.•I remember seeing him yesterday.•I remember having seen him before.•Please remember to see him today.2)动词like, love, hate, begin, start既可用动名词也可用不定式作宾语,意思基本相同,但动名词表经常性的动作,不定式偏向一次性动作。
•I like watching TV at home.•I like to watch TV at home tonight.3)•try to do / try doing•mean to do / mean doing•can’t help to do / can’t help doing•stop to do / stop doing•go on to do / go on doingneed / want / require doing=~to be done•The door needs repairing. = The door needs to be repaired.3.宾语补足语He told me to take care of the puppy while he was away.My boss told me to sit there.(常见动词:advise, allow, ask, beg, encourage, expect, force, invite, order, permit, persuade, press, remind, teach, tell…)4.定语The building to be built is our library.We have a lot of things to do today.There are a lot of things to do.( have和there be句型中,常用主动表被动。
)•Please give me a pen to write with.•Please give me a piece of paper to write .5.状语1) 目的状语: to do, so as to do, in order to doHe hid himself behind the door so that he couldn’t be found by others.=He hid himself behind the door so as not to be found by others.2) 结果状语:only, enough to do, too…to do, so…as (not) toSome people laugh at others, only to find themselves laughed at.She is so weak that she can not run fast. =She is so weak as not to run fast.She isn’t strong enough to run fast.She is too weak to run fast.•The question is easy .(answer)•He is difficult .(teach)6.表语To see is to believe.He is to visit China next week.主要的任务是保持我们的寝室干净。
The main task is to keep our dormitory clean.四、动词不定式的注意事项1.疑问词+不定式,作主语、表语或宾语1)what / which to do (what / which 作do 的逻辑宾语,what意为“什么”,which “表示选择”There were too many books for me to choose from and I didn’t know which to choose.2)when / where / how to do sth.I felt totally confused, not knowing where to go.3)whether to do sth. (不用if)Whether to follow his instruction is not for you to decide.2. 不定式的主动表被动•句中存在名词或代词可以作为不定式的逻辑主语,构成逻辑上的主谓关系。
eg. M rs Bird gave the dog a few bones to eat.The policeman showed me the right bus to take.如果句中不存在这种主谓关系,那么不定式仍须用被动。
eg. The news reporter raised a few questions to be answered.•在“形容词+不定式”结构中,如果不定式与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系,那么不定式多用主动语态。
eg. The plane is dangerous to fly.The machine is hard to control.•There be结构中,倾向于用不定式主动语态表示被动意义。
eg. There is always much housework to do in the house.•blame, let在此为主动表被动。
He is not to blame for the mistake.(他不应该为这个错误受责备。
)The house is to let. (房子待租。
)2. 不定式的省略•感官动词和使役动词在主动语态中不需要带to,即我们常说的“一觉二听三让五看” :feel, listen to, hear, let, make, have, see, watch, notice, observe, look at.•但这些句子如果变成被动结构时,就必须带to。
I often hear him sing the song. →He is often heard to sing the song.•had better,would rather,rather than之后省略to。
You'd better not tell him the news .Rather than wait at the station, I prefer to go home by taxi.•为避免重复,不定式中主要动词可省略,只剩下to。
Would you like to come with us? -- Yes, I’d love to.Shall I give the dog a chocolate? ---It’s better not to.•由all,what 引导的主语从句或主语被only, first, one, least 或形容词最高级修饰,且从句中含有do时,动词不定式作表语则往往省去to。
All I did was (to) press the button.What you have to do is (to) fill in the forms.The only thing I could do was (to) do it myself 。
3. 和不定式有关的常用词组和句型•be said to doHe is said to have studied abroad for many years.•happen to doWe happened to discover we had a friend in common.= It happened that we discovered that we had a friend in common.•seem to doHe seemed to be looking for something. = It seemed that he was looking for something.。