高中英语 Module 3 Foreign Food Section Ⅲ Grammar复习定语和定语从句教学案 外研版选修8

Module 3 Foreign Food Section Ⅲ Grammar-复习定语和定语从句

语法图解

探究发现

①I thought this vast wave of food was the total number of dishes to be served.

②Everyone else just tasted a bit of each dish and then put their chopsticks down, continuing to chat.

③I still r emember what I ate: a tuna fish and cheese sandwich.

④Do you know the girl singing over there?

⑤He is always the first person to leave the office.

⑥One evening he was entertaining the ruler of a small island in the Pacific.

⑦However, there are other kinds o f foods that have taken longer for me to accept.

⑧But one thing I do admire is the polite manner in which British people eat, even if it is just a potato.

⑨As we all know, Putin was elected President of Russia a third time.

⑩The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.

[我的发现]

(1)①～⑥句中，黑体部分在句中均作定语，且①③句中作前置定语，②④⑤⑥作后置定语。

(2)由②句可知，形容词修饰不定代词时要放在不定代词后面。

(3)⑦～⑩句中，黑体部分均为定语从句。

(4)⑨⑩句中，黑体部分为非限制性定语从句。

一、定语

1．概念

修饰名词或者代词的词、短语或者从句称为定语。形容词、名词、代词、数词、不定式(短语)、动名词、现在分词、过去分词、介词短语以及从句等都可用来作定语。

A bright future shines before my eyes.

光明的未来展现在我的面前。(形容词作定语)

His rapid progress in English made us surprised.

他在英语方面的快速进步使我们很吃惊。(代词作定语)

Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.

我们的班长总是第一个进教室。(动词不定式作定语)

He walks with the help of a walking stick.

他在手杖的帮助下行走。(动名词作定语)

There is nothing that worries him.

没有什么事使他烦恼。(从句作定语)

2．位置

定语的位置有两种：一种是前置定语，位于中心词之前，此时定语多为单个的词或复合词；另一种是后置定语，位于中心词之后，此时定语多为词组或从句。

China is a developing country; America is a developed country.

中国是一个发展中国家，美国是一个发达国家。(单个词作前置定语)

Who is the man shaking hands with our teacher?

和我们老师握手的那个人是谁？(分词短语作后置定语)

[名师点津] something, anything, nothing等复合不定代词的修饰词，即使是单个词，也要后置。

There is something wrong with my watch.

我的手表出毛病了。

3．多个词作定语时的顺序

当多个词修饰同一个名词时，这些词的顺序为：限定词＋性质(描绘/观点)＋大小、长短、高低(矮)＋形状＋年龄、新旧＋颜色＋国籍、地区、出处＋物质、材料＋用途、类别＋名词。

a charming small round old brown Chinese wooden table一个迷人的、小而圆的、老式的、棕色中式木质桌子

4．名词作定语

名词作定语时，往往是说明中心名词的材料、功能、目的、时间、地点、种类等。

a stone bridge 石桥

a motor car 摩托车

peace conference 和平大会

winter vacation 寒假

sea fight 海战

science fiction 科幻小说

[即时演练1] 画出下列句子中的定语

①The bicycle shop is just around the corner and you won't miss it.

②It is reported that the floods have left about two_thousand people homeless. ③The flowers smelling_sweet_in_the_park attract the passersby to the beauty of nature.

④For breakfast he on ly drinks juice from_fresh_fruit_grown_on_his_own_farm. ⑤We are invited to a party to_be_held in our club next Friday.

⑥The old town has narrow streets and small houses that_are_built_close_to_each_other.

⑦Look at the broken glasses.

⑧They are playing an important_football match against Liverpool on Sunday. ⑨Your hair needs cutting.

⑩The two rooms upstairs are my_sister's bedroom.

二、定语从句

(一)定语从句中关系词的选择

准确地判断关系词在定语从句中所作的成分是确定关系词的关键所在，再结合先行词自身的属性便可做到万无一失。

关系词

⎩⎪⎪⎪

⎨⎪⎪⎪⎧ 关系代词⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ who 指人，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语whom 指人，在从句中作宾语which 指物，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语

that

指人或物，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语as

指人或物，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语whose 指人或物，在从句中作定语关系副词⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ when 指时间，在从句中作时间状语where 指地点，在从句中作地点状语why 指原因，在从句中作原因状语

1．关系代词引导的定语从句

(1)who, whom, that 所代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下： The man who(m) you saw just now is our manager.

你刚才见到的那个人是我们的经理。(先行词指人，关系词在从句中作宾语)

Is he the man who/that wants to see you ? (who/that 在从句中作主语)

他就是想见你的那个人吗？