虚拟语气1
虚拟语气1
money，I might buy a phone here now，we could tell him this good news you，I wouldn't do that a brother，I could ask him for help
tommorow，we would call off the class to rain tommorow，we’d call off the class tommorow，we would call off the class
虚拟语气1
序 中文
主 谓/系
1 如果你没起那么晚的话，你本来该完成作业的 If you hadn't got
2 如果我昨天早到些，那个孩子是可以被救时不会对他那么生气的 If you had told
4 如果我早知道他是这种人，我不会帮他的
If I had konwn
If it If it If it
rained were should rain
虚拟语气1 宾/表/其他 up so late，you should've finished your homework there earlier，that kid could have been saved me earlier，I wouldn't have been so angry with him that he was this kind of person，I wouldn't have helped him
5 如果我有钱的话，我可能会买个手机
If I
6 如果他现在在这的话，我们就能告诉他这个好 If he
7 如果我是你的话，我不会那样做的
If I
9.18.虚拟语气(1)
I wish I _h_a_d_n_'t__e_at_e_n(eat) so much watermelon yesterday.
as if/as though 虚拟用法同wish
他那样对待我, 好像我是陌生人似的。
He treats me as if I _w_e_r_e a stranger.
• 2. 定义：用来表示说的话不是事实， 或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的 情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的 语气叫虚拟语气。
虚拟语气
Types
1. If 型
与现在事实相反虚拟
If I were a bird, I would have two wings. If I had two wings, I could fly in the sky.
He talks about Rome as if he
_h_a_d_b_e_e_n_(be) there before.
if only 虚拟用法同wish:
Had you come earlier, you would have met him.
If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.
Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.
虚拟语气
虚拟语气
高考命题趋势
高考对虚拟语气的考查侧重于：在非真 实条件状语从句中的使用，含蓄条件 句中的用法，名词从句中的用法及一 些特殊句式中的用法。今后高考仍然 会重视对虚拟语气句型的考查，而且 试题语境会更灵活，考查角度更加多 样化。我们要在语境中准确理解运用 。
知识目标
1 会使用if 条件句中虚拟语气句式 2 能使用虚拟语气的几种特殊句式造句
虚拟语气用法详1
虚拟语气用法详解一、条件句中的虚拟语气1.条件句中虚拟语气的形式从句中提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件，主句会产生的一种不可能获得的结果。
条件句中的2. 条件句中的虚拟语气的举例(1) 将来时的条件句中的虚拟语气。
如：If he should go to Qing Hua University, he would make full use of his time. 如果他要上清华大学的话，他就会充分利用他的时间了。
If he were to come here, he would tell us abou t it. 如果他要来的话，他会通知我们一声。
(2) 现在时的条件句中的虚拟语气。
如：If he were free, he would help us. 要是他有空的话，它会帮助我们的。
If he studied at this school, he would know yo u well. 如果他在这所学校学习的话，它会对你很熟悉。
(3) 过去时的条件句中的虚拟语气。
如：If I had seen the film, I would have told you about it. 我如果看过这场电影，我会把电影内容告诉你了。
If I had got there earlier, I would have met Mr. Li. 如果我早点到那儿，我就会会到了李先生。
3.运用条件句中的虚拟语气时，须注意的几个问题(1)当从句的主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词若是系动词be时，可用was代替were。
但在倒装虚拟结构及if I were you, as it were中，只能用were。
如：Were I ten years younger, I would study abroa d. 要是我还年轻十岁的话，我会去国外学习。
If I were you, I would try my best to grasp the chance. 要是我是你的话，我要尽力抓住这次机会。
虚拟语气-1..
3、可能违背将来事实的假设 这里指的是将来不大可能发生的假设，或者虽有可能发生， 说话人主观上不希望发生的假设。这种假设相当于汉语中 常用的“万一”，“居然”，“竟然”等含义。例如： If he should fail, we would encourage him to try again. 万一他失败，我们就鼓励他再试一次。 If I were to do it, I would do it in a different way. 要是我来做这件事，我会是另外一种做法。 We would wipe them out if they should attract us. 如果他们胆敢进攻，我们就将他们消灭。 If it should rain tomorrow, what could we do? 万一明天下雨，我们能做些什么呢？ If the rocket should fail in a few seconds, it would certainly explode.如果火箭几秒钟内竟然向下坠落，那就一定会爆炸。
5、连接词 if 的省略 如果条件从句的谓语包含有had, should 或 were，有时 if 可以 省略。这时had，should 或 were 要移到主语前面，形成倒装。 （这种句型主要见于书面形式。） Had he not been ill, he might have come. 要不是生病，他是会来的。 Were I to do it, I would do it in a different way. 要是我来做这件事，我会是另外一种做法。 Should it rain tomorrow, what could we do. 万一明天下雨，我们能做些什么呢？ Were it not for his help, we couldn’t have got over the difficulties. 如果不是因为他的帮助，我们就克服不了这些困难。
1.虚拟语气
(should) come • My demand is that she _______________ (come) to see me once a week. 表语从句
• All of us are for the advice that the chemical works (should) be (be)closed down. 同位语从句
2.如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他.
If he were to come here tomorrow, I would tell him.
If虚拟句的倒装
万一下雨，我们将不得不推迟比 赛。
In case of rain, In case it rains, If it should rain, Should it rain,
A. If you should arrive B. If you arrive C. Had you arrived D. Should you arrive
名词性从句中的虚拟 语气及几种虚拟语气 特殊句型
1.表示要求,命令,建议的虚拟语气
一个坚持，两个命令， 三个建议，四个要求 1.insist 2. order, command 3. advise, suggest, propose (advice, suggestion, proposal ) 4. demand , require, request, desire 这些词引导的名词性从句要使用虚拟语气。 即从句中的动词使用should + 动词原形， 或者将should省略。
1. ____the exam, he would have attend a college.
A. If he passed C. Were he passed B. Had he passed D. If he should pass
英语虚拟语气总结(一)
英语虚拟语气总结（一）一、概说英语有三种语气，即陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。
陈述语气用于陈述事实、提出看法或问题等，祈使语气用于表示请求、命令或警告等，虚拟语气则表示假想或主观愿望：He is honest. 他很诚实。
(陈述语气)Don’t be late next time. 下次别迟到。
(祈使语气)If I were you I wouldn’t go. 我要是你，我就不会去。
(虚拟语气)I wish I had a lot of money. 要是我有很多钱就好了。
(虚拟语气)二、带虚拟条件的虚拟语气1.真实条件句和非真实条件句条件句有真实条件句和非真实(虚拟)条件句两种。
真实条件句所表示的假设是有可能发生的，而非真实条件句则通常表示一种假想，与事实相反或不大可能会发生：If I have time, I will go with them. 假若我有时间，我就同他们去。
(陈述语气) If I were you, I would go with them. 假若我是你，我就同他们去。
(虚拟语气)2.虚拟条件句的三种基本类型(1)若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”：If you took a taxi，you’d get there quicker. 如果你坐出租车去，你可以快一点到那里。
(但你不坐)If I knew her number I could ring her up. 要是我知道她的电话号码，我就可以给她打电话了。
(可惜我不知道)(2)若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”：If I’d left sooner，I’d have been on time. 要是我早点动身，我就准时到了。
高三英语虚拟语气1
现吨市安达阳光实验学校高三英语虚拟语气【本讲信息】一. 教学内容：虚拟语气虚拟语气是英语中一种重要的语气形式，也是英语语法中一个重要的语法点。
由于虚拟语气所涉及的内容比较广，一些语法书对其的阐述也很繁杂，所以同学们在学习过程中很难掌握其用法，在使用过程中或考试时也很容易出错。
为了便于理解和记忆，我对虚拟语气作了一个“”归纳，供参考。
虚拟语气的使用主要体现在三个方面：虚拟条件句、虚拟语气在某些从的运用，以及虚拟语气的一些特殊用法。
［教学过程］一、虚拟条件句虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句及与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。
具体情况请看下表：（1）表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.If I were you, I would go to tell him the real feeling upon him.（2）表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.She would have come to enjoy the party if she hadn’t been very busy.（3）表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.If he were to be given another chance to do it again, he could certainly achieve more.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件，为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性，或突出说话人的一种主观愿望，虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟语气1
四、用在as if/ as though引导的方式状语从句中 用在 引导的方式状语从句中 She loves the orphan as if he were her own son. He talked as if he had known everything. 五、It is (high/ about) time that…(用过去时) that…(用过去时 用过去时) It is high time we began to work. It is high time that we should begin to work. It is time that children went to school. It is time that children should go to school.
*可以把 省略，将were, had, should 可以把if省略 可以把 省略， 提前， 提前，构成倒装 Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home. Were it to rain tomorrow, we…. Had I not taken your advice, I would have made a bad mistake.
二、在非真实条件句中（所提出的假设 在非真实条件句中（ 实现的可能性极小或与事实相反） 实现的可能性极小或与事实相反） (1)与现在事实相反 (1)与现在事实相反 I would go if I had time. If there were no air, people would die. (2) 与过去事实相反 If you had got there earlier, you would have caught the bus. If I had not taken your advice, I would have made a bad mistake.
虚拟语气例子
虚拟语气例子（1）第一种情况If。
1．表示后悔if+主语+had done，主语+ would（should/ could/might）+have doneIf I had got there earlier, I should/could have met her.如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake.如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。
2．表示想象if+主语+过去时，主语+ would（should/ could/might）+doIf I were you, I would go at once.如果我是你，我马上就会去If I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞If I knew his telephone number, I would tell youIf there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earthIf there were no air, people would die.如果没有空气，人就会死亡If I had any money with me, I could lend you some虚拟语气例子（2）⑴后悔①If I had left a little earlier, I would have caught the train.（我要是早点动身，就赶上火车了。
）②If I hadn’t been ill yesterday, I might have come to school.（昨天要是不生病，我是可能来上学的。
）③If you had studied harder last term, you could have passed the exam.（如果你在上个学期用工一些，你就会在考试中过关了。
英语虚拟语气(一)解题方法和技巧及练习题及解析
英语虚拟语气(一)解题方法和技巧及练习题及解析一、初中英语虚拟语气1．If I _____you. I would wear jeans to the party.A．am B.was C.were D.are【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意:如果我是你，我就穿牛仔裤去宴会。
与现在事实相反的虚拟语气中，系动词一律用were。
故选C。
考点：考查虚拟语气。
2．--- If I_______ one million dollars, I would give it to medical research.---If I _______ you, I would give it to charity.A．will have, am B．would have, was C．had, were D．have, is【答案】C【解析】考察虚拟语气。
第一空，虚拟语气，与现在相反，用过去时。
第二空，虚拟语气，与现在相反，用过去时，be动词用were。
故选C3．--What would you do if you ____ a million dollars?--I’d give it to the charityA．win B．won C．will win D．is to win【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：如果你赢了一百万美元，你要做什么？——我会把它捐给慈善机构。
结合语境可知条件从句中描述的是与将来相反的事实，故用一般过去时态，选B。
考点：if引导的条件状语从句点评：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。
判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。
只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。
通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。
1、与现在事实相反若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”2、与过去事实相反若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+have+过去分词”3、与将来事实相反若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”：4．–I argued with my best friend. What should I do?--If I ________ you, I would say sorry to her.A．am B．was C．are D．were【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：我和我最好的朋友吵架了。
虚拟语气例句1
1. If he were free, he would help us. 要是他有空的话，它会协助我们的。
2. If I had seen the film, I would have told you about it. 我假设看过这场电影，我会把电影内容告诉你了。
3. If I had got there earlier, I would have met Mr. Li. 假设我早点到那儿，我就会会到了李先生。
4. If you should miss the chance, you would feel sorry for it. 假设你错过了这次机会，你会难过的。
5. If I knew German，I would read the paper to you.我要是懂德语，我就会给你读这篇文章。
6. If he were here，we could ask him．假设他在这里，我们会问他的。
7. If I were you, I would accept his offer.我要是你，就接受他的协助。
8. If I were a bird, I would fly to you. 假设我是一只鸟，我会飞到你身边。
9. If it were to rain(=Should it rain=Rained) tomorrow, we would not go for a picnic. 假设明天下雨的话，我们就不去野炊了。
10. If it were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.11. If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition.12. If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.假设你早来几分钟，你就会碰上他。
(英语)初中英语专题汇编虚拟语气(一)含解析
（英语）初中英语专题汇编虚拟语气(一)含解析一、初中英语虚拟语气1．– I coughed a lot last night. What should I do?– If I _____ you, I would go to see the doctor at once.A．am B．wereC．was【答案】B【解析】试题分析: 句意：昨晚我不停地咳嗽，我应该怎么办？哪果我是你，我就会马上去看医生。
此句为虚拟语气，与现在事实相反，虚拟语气的条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”，故选C。
考点：考查虚拟语气。
2．If I not so busy ,I with you .A．was , would go B．were , would goC．was , should go D．were , will go【答案】B【解析】句意“如果我不忙，我就跟你去”。
本题考查对将来的虚拟语气。
即“if+过去时，主语+s hould/would/could/might do”结构。
故选B。
点睛：3．The workers insisted that they a free lunch every noon and the boss hadto do that.A．be given B．being given C．will be to give D．were given【答案】A【解析】句意：工人们坚持要求他们每天中午都有免费的午餐，老板必须这样做。
考查虚拟语气。
insist坚持，要求，其后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，跟虚拟式动词原形或者“should + 动词原形” 。
结合句意和语境可知选A。
4．--- If I_______ one million dollars, I would give it to medical research.---If I _______ you, I would give it to charity.A．will have, am B．would have, was C．had, were D．have, is【答案】C【解析】考察虚拟语气。
虚拟语气讲解1
1 语气(mood)语气是动词的一种形式，表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。
2 语气的种类⑴、陈述语气：表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。
如：①There are two sides to every question.每个问题都有两个方面。
②Were you busy all day yesterday?昨天一整天你都很忙吗？③How good a teacher she is!她是多好的一位老师啊！⑵、祈使语气：表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。
如：①Never be late again!再也不要迟到了。
②Don’t forget to turn off the light.别忘了关灯。
⑶、虚拟语气：表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。
如：①If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。
②I wish I could pass the examination.我希望我能通过考试。
③May you succeed!祝您成功！虚拟语气在语法里算得上是个难点。
让我们就从最简单的开始吧。
第二部分：简单句中的虚拟语气一、情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人的谦虚、客气、有礼貌、或委婉的语气，常用于日常会话中。
如：⑴.Would you be kind enough to show me the way to the post office?请你告诉我去邮局的路好吗？⑵.It would be better for you not to stay up too late.你最好别熬夜到很晚。
二、表祝愿。
1、常用“may+动词原形”表示祝愿，但愿，此时may须置于句首（多用于正式文体中）。
⑴、May good luck be yours!祝你好运！⑵、May you be happy!祝你快乐！⑶、May you do even better!祝你取得更大成就！⑷、May you have a good time. 祝愿你玩的痛快。
英语虚拟语气(一)解题方法和技巧及练习题及解析
一般过去时，主句中用 would+动词的原形。故选 D。
考点：考查虚拟语气。
30．I’ m so busy. If I time, I travel around. A．have; would B．have; could C．had; would D．had; will 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是
25．If I you, I’d keep quiet and listen carefully in class.
A．am
B．will be
C．were
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析： 与现在事实相反：条件从句用动词过去式，主句用 would/could/should/might+
动 词 原 形 ； 与 过 去 事 实 相 反 ： 条 件 从 句 用 had done ， 主 句 用
考点：考查虚拟语气。
28．If I a boss, I would manage a big factory. A．are B．was C．were D．be 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：句意：如果我是老板，我会经营一家大型工厂。由句意可知，此句是虚拟语 气，if 引导的从句应该用过去式的形式，其中第一人称用 were，故答案为 C。 考点：考查虚拟语气。
假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中
才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，
不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设
是与哪个事实相反。
1、与现在事实相反
若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be 通常用 were），主句谓语用“should
虚拟语气(1)(2)
虚拟语气（一）－if引导的虚拟条件句虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)这一语法项目是各类英语考试中测试的重点之一。
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。
首先要判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句, 只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。
通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个时间的事实相反。
通常有三种情况：①与过去事实相反②与现在事实相反③与将来事实可能相反最基本的虚拟语气句型:1. 虚拟现在时表示与现在事实相反的假设，其if从句的谓语形式用动词的过去式(be一般用were)，主句用would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形。
If places were alike, there would be little need for geographers.2. 虚拟过去时是表示与过去事实相反的假设，if 从句的谓语形式用过去完成时的形式即had＋过去分词，主句用would / should / could / might + have +过去分词。
If he had known your address yesterday, he would have telephoned you.3. 虚拟将来时是表示对将来实现的可能性很小的或不确定的假设。
If从句的谓语形式用一般过去式或用were to/should +动词原形,主句用would /should/could /might+动词原形。
If he were to leave today, he would get there by Friday.谓语动词形式见下表:即时演练：1. I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she ______, she would have met my brother.A. has comeB. did comeC. cameD. had come2. It’s quite impossible that it’ll rain tomorrow. But if it ______, I would still go to the park.A. should rainB. would rainC. rainsD. had rained3. I _______ if she _______ me.A. would have overslept, didn’t callB. would have overslept, hadn’t calledC. overslept, hadn't calledD. would overslept, didn't call4. The new airport _____ if they had not stopped working on it.A. would completeB. had been completedC. had completedD. would have been completed5.If there were no subjunctive mood, English ______ much easier.A. could have beenB. would beC. will beD. would have been6.Should it rain, the crops ______ .A. would be savedB. would have been savedC. will be savedD. had been saved7.You _______ earlier. The bus left a moment ago.A. would comeB. should have comeC. may comeD. have come8.You _______ such a serious mistake if you had followed his adviceA. may not makeB. might have not madeC. shouldn't have madeD. might not have made9.We ________ the work on time without your help.A. hadn't had finishedB. didn't have finishedC. couldn't have finishedD. can't have finished10. A few minutes earlier and we _____ the train.A. have caughtB. had caughtC. could have caughtD. were to catch11. If it were not for the fact that you _____ ill, I would ask you to do this right now.A. wereB. had beenC. areD. should be12. If it _______ so hard, we'd go to town.A. isn't rainingB. doesn'tC. weren't rainingD. isn't going to rain13. —If he ______, he _______ that food.—Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.A. was warned; would not takeB. had been warned; would not have takenC. had been warned; had not takenD. would have been warned; had not taken14. ---If I had a lot of money, I______ around the world.---Stop dreaming! Just do what you should do!A. were to travelB. would travelC. could have traveledD. will travel15. This printer is of good quality. If it ______ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.A. wouldB. shouldC. couldD. might虚拟语气（二）－if引导的虚拟条件句的特殊情况I. 错综时间虚拟语气若主句从句所指的时间不一致，即条件从句表示与过去事实相反，主句表示与现在事实相反；或者条件从句表示与现在事实相反，主句表真实情况，则从句中应采用与具体时间相对应的虚拟形式。
虚拟语气讲义(15个句式)
虚拟语气讲义1．虚拟语气句型1If + were/ did/ (动词的过去式), 主语+would/ might/ should / could + do 。
(表示对现在的假设)eg. If I were you, I would not be so proud . 如果我是你,我不会如此自负.eg. I don’t have a cellphone. If I had one , it would be convenient for me to get in touch with others 我没有手机，如果我有手机的话，和别人联系就方便的多了。
eg. If I were in your position, I would think better of it .如果我处在你现在的境地，我会重新考虑然后放弃。
2. 虚拟语气句型2If + had done, 主语+would/ might/ should / could + have done表示对过去或已经发生事情的虚拟假设。
eg. What a pity it is that you didn’t attended the concert yesterday! If you had attended the concert, you would have seen the famous singer.真遗憾你昨天没有去听音乐会。
如果你去了，你就会见到那位名歌手。
eg. Anyone in his position would have done the same= If anyone had been in his position, he would have done the same.3. 虚拟语气句型3If + were/ did(动词过去式)/should/ were to do , 主语+would/ might/ should / could + do (表示对将来的假设).eg. If he should refuse (= if he were to refuse = if he refused ), it wouldn’t matter万一他拒绝了. 那也没有什么关系.eg. If you shouldn’t pass the college entrance e*amination, what would you do"万一你高考不中，你该怎么办？4. 虚拟语气条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中，如果出现有were, had, should，可省去if，可将主语与这些词倒装，构成虚拟倒装句。
虚拟语气1
虚拟语气在 在条件从句中
表示与事实情况相反 条件从句的谓语形式
总结
主句的谓语形式
表示与现在事实情 况相反(present) 表示与过去事实情 况相反(past)
过去式(did/were) (be常用 were) 过去完成式 (had +done)
would / could / might / should + do would / could / might / should +have done
1.如果现在不下雨的话，我们就出去野餐了。 should go for a picnic If it________ were not raining, we _________ 2.如果他来这，他就能够帮助你了。 might be If he came _____ here, he ____________ able to help you. 3.如果我是你的话，我就会带走他们。 were you, I_______________ would take If I _______ them away.
与事实相 反 表示将来 情况
条件从句的谓语形 式 ①过去式 (did) ②should + do ③were to do
主句的谓语形式 would / could / might / should +动词原形 (do)
1.如果你成功，一切就好了。 If you ___________, everything would be all right. succeeded If you ________________, everything would be all should succeed right. If you ________________, everything would be all were to succeed right. 2.明年我要是才二十岁，我就会学计算机课程。 If I _______________ only twenty years old next were to be year, I ________________ the course of computer would take
虚拟语气1
虚拟语气（实质：根据真实语气，将从句时态往前推一个）解题方法：1判断是否为虚拟从句2考察主句还是从句一．If从句If从句谓语动词形式主句谓语与现在事实不符were/did Would/could/should/might do与过去事实不符had done Would/could/should/might had done 与将来事实不符did/should do/Were to do Would/could/should/might do 二．If的倒装把情态动词、助动词、were提到句首：否定句中，not的位置不变Eg.Were i you，I would take an umbrella with you.三.错综时间虚拟语气注意主从句中有无时间状语的提示Eg.If you had listened to the doctor（过去），you would be all right now.(现在)四.含蓄的虚拟语气1.but——前假后真2.otherwise/or——前真后假3.要不是：but for/but that、except for\without\with\if it weren’t for....——后假五．Wish+宾从与现在事实不符：主+did与过去事实不符：主+had done与将来事实不符：主+would/could do六．Would rather宁愿Would rather that sb.did（现在/将来）Sb.had done（过去）七．It’s high/about time that sb.did/should do该是某人做某事的时候了八．If only：但愿，要是...就好了If only+现在：were/did过去：had done将来：could/would do九．As if好像/though引导的方式状语或表语从句，有时用虚拟语气对现在：did对过去：had done对将来：would/might/could do十．Lest/for fear/in case+that从句+（should do）Quiz1.The violence in Hong Kong has threatened its stability.We would rather it________(restore)its former order soon.2.Not only have the pupils developed an interest in activities ranging from football to ballroom dancing,but their school work_________(improve)significantly as well.3.I would have gone to my cousin’s birthday party last night,but i_________(be)not available.4.The workers were not better organized,otherwise they_________(accomplish)the task in half the time.5.If i hadn’t been faced with so many barriers,i_________(be)where i am.6.But for the rescue team’s efforts,more lives___________(claim)in the wreck accident.7.We often visit the nursing home and talk to the aged as if they __________(be)our own grandparents.8.Louis Cha(金庸)passed away.As for his achievement,there is such a comment,“He________(reward)the Nobel Prize for Literature with his written works translated in English.”9._______the mistake in the beginning,the problem could have been prevented at its source.A.Had not the company ignoredB.If the company didn’t ignoreC.Had the company not ignoredD.Would the company not ignore10.________for the efforts of medical staff,the spread of the novel coronavirus would not be controlled,which astonishes the whole worlds.A.Were not itB.Were it notC.Had not it beenD.If it were 答案：1.restored 2.has improved 3.was 4.would have accomplished5.would not be6.would have been claimed7.were8.could have been rewarded9.C10.B。
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虚拟语气虚拟语气是英语动词的一种特殊形式，表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种愿望、假设、可能或猜测。
一虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的运用非真实条件句表示不大可能或不可能发生或实现的假设，句中的条件从句与结果从句e.g. If we (leave) now, we should arrive in time.（与现在事实相反）假如我们现在就走的话，我们就能及时到达。
If he had been here, he might have been able to help us.（与过去事实相反）如果他在这里，他也许能帮助我们。
If I were to do the work, I should do it in a different way.（与将来事实相反）要是我做这项工作，我会以不同的方式去做。
If you did t hat again, we wouldn’t allow you to work with us. （与将来事实相反）如果你再那么干，我们就不让你和我们一起工作了。
* 1)在表示将来的虚拟条件句中，一般不用would/could/might, 而用should.2)在句中用不同的情态动词意义略有不同，如：should（应该），would（将，愿意，总是），could（能够，可能），might（可能性较小）。
二省略if 的虚拟条件句在书面语中，当if条件从句含有助动词were, had或should时，可省去连词if，而把were, had或should置于主语前，从而构成倒装虚拟句。
e.g. Were you in my position, you would do the same.假如你处在我的位置，你也会这样做的。
Had he come earlier, he would have met her.要是他早点来的话，他就会见到她了。
三错综时间虚拟句在表示虚拟语气的句子中，条件从句表示的动作与主句表示的动作发生的时间不一致，这时谓语动词的形式要根据各自表示的时间来调整，选用适当的虚拟语气形式。
e.g. If you had taken your medicine yesterday, you would be quite all right now.（从句表示与过去事实相反的假设，主句则表示与现在事实相反）如果你昨天吃了药的话，现在就已痊愈了。
If I were you, I wouldn’t have missed the film last night.（从句表示与现在事实相反的假设，主句则表示与过去事实相反）如果我是你，我就不会错过昨晚的那部电影。
四错综语气虚拟句这类句子一般分为两个部分，它们在语气上截然相反，一部分虚拟，另一部分则用陈述语气，两部分之间常用but, or, or else, otherwise等连接。
它们基本有两种类型：1. 陈述句＋or/or else/ otherwise＋虚拟句e.g. We didn’t know his telephone number, otherwise we would have telephoned him.我们不知道他的电话号码，否则我们早给他打电话了。
2. 虚拟句＋but＋陈述句1)would/could＋动原＋but＋现在时陈述句（表示与现在事实相反）2)would/could have＋过去分词＋but＋过去时陈述句（表示与过去事实相反）e.g. You could have passed the exam, but you spent most of your time playing andreading useless books.你可以通过考试，但你把大部分时间都花在玩和看无关的书籍上。
五含蓄虚拟句有时假设的条件不通过条件从句表达出来，而暗含在某些介词短语里，如but for, without，意思是“要不是，如果没有……”, 常用should/would＋现在完成时e.g. But for your help we couldn’t have succeeded in the experiment.如果没有你的帮助，我们的实验是不会成功的。
*but for除上述用法外，还可同except for，表示“除……之外”，此时用陈述语气。
e.g. But for a half hour or so for lunch I am here all day.除了吃午饭半小时左右，我整天都在这里。
六名词性从句中虚拟语气１主语从句中的虚拟语气1.某些表示愿望、请求、建议、假设等意义的名词所引导的主语从句中It is/was a pity (shame, wonder, suggestion, proposal, requirement, request, desire,order, recommendation…) that…用（should＋）动原e.g. It is a proposal that we should rest for a while.2.“It is＋形容词或过去分词＋that…”的主语从句中1) It is/was necessary (important, strange, right, proper, essential, urgent, imperative,advisable, desirable, preferable, appropriate, possible, natural, insistent, better, best,ridiculous, vital, crucial…) that…用（should＋）动原e.g. It is important that we should speak politely.我们说话要有礼貌，这是很重要的。
It is essential that these application forms be sent back as early as possible.将这些申请表格尽快地反馈回来是很必要的。
2) It is/was desired (arranged, decided, ordered, proposed, requested, required,recommended, suggested, settled…) that…用（should＋）动原e.g. It has been decided that the exam be put off until tomorrow.已决定考试推迟到明天。
It is desired that this rule be brought to the attention of the staff.希望这条规则引起全体职员的注意。
２宾语从句中的虚拟语气在下列动词ask, arrange, beg, advise, command, deserve, desire, demand, determine, move, prefer, propose, intend, recommend, request, require, suggest, suppose, urge, vote…后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用（should＋）动原e.g. Mr. Chairman, I move that the money be used for library books.主席先生，我提议把那笔钱用来购买图书馆书籍。
*当suggest作“表示、暗示”，insist作“坚持说，坚持认为”讲时，则要用陈述语气。
e.g. He suggested we go to tomorrow’s exhibition together. （虚拟语气）他建议我们一起去明天的展览会。
Her impression suggested that she was angry. （陈述语气）她的表情说明她生气了。
Mike’s uncle insists that he not stay in this hotel.（虚拟语气）迈克的叔叔坚持不住这家旅馆。
（坚持要求、一定要）She insisted that she heard somebody in the house.（陈述语气）她坚持说听到有人在家里。
３表语从句及同位语从句中的虚拟语气当advice, decision, desire, demand, idea, order, motion, necessity, insistence, instruction, plan,preference, proposal , pray, recommendation, requirement, resolution, suggestion, understanding等名词后接表语从句或同位语从句时，从句谓语用（should ＋）动原e.g. The professor gave the order that the test be finished before 10.教授指示考试须在十点以前结束。
Our idea is that the match be put off.我们的意思是比赛延期举行。
七其他虚拟句型１．wish后的宾语从句１）对将来情况的憧憬和愿望，宾语从句的谓语动词用would/ could/ might＋动原e.g. I wish he would try again.我希望他再试一次。
I wish I could be of some use.我希望自己能发挥点作用。
２）对现在或当时情况的一种愿望时，宾语从句的谓语动词用一般过去时或过去完成时e.g. Sometimes I wish I were living in a different time and a different place.有时我真希望自己生活在另一个时代和另一个地方。
I wish I knew how to program the new computer.我希望我懂得如何给这台新计算机编程序。
３）对过去发生的事情表示遗憾或后悔时，宾语从句的谓语动词用过去完成时或would/could/might＋have donee.g. I wish I could have slept longer this morning, but I had to get up and come toclass.我真希望今天早晨能多睡一会，但我不得不起床去上学。
Jack wishes that he had studied business instead of history when he was inuniversity.杰克希望他上大学时学的是商业而不是历史。