初中主谓一致用法总结

初中主谓一致用法总结

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在英语中，句子的主语和谓语动词要保持数上的一致关系，叫主谓一致。这种关系通常要遵循下面的原则：

一、语法一致原则。

句子的主语是单数形式，谓语动词要用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式。

如：China has a long history .

Many people are studying English now.

二、意义一致原则。

即谓语动词该用单数还是复数取决于主语所表达的内容在含义是单数意义还是复数意义。

如：The Chinese are hard-working．中国人是勤劳的

1、动词不定式、动名词，从句或不可数名词做主语，谓语动词用单数。

如：Listening to the tapes is helpful to our English study

2、表示时间、距离、价格、重量、数目、数学运算等的词或短语做主语时，表示整体概念，谓语动词用单数。

如：Ten years has passed.

10 kilometers is a long way to him . He is too tired .

3、由and ，both…and连接的两个名词做主语，表示两个不同的人或物时，谓语动词用复数。指同一个人或物时，谓语动词用单数。

如：The painter and the writer have come to our school. ( 画家和作家，两个人) The painter and writer has come to our school . （画家兼作家，同一个人）

4、不定代词（somebody, someone, something, anybody, anyone, anything, everybody, everyone, everything , nobody, no one, nothing, each , every）做主语时，谓语动词用单数。

如：Lucy , someone is waiting for you at the gate .

Is everyone here?

5、就远原则：当主语部分含有with ，together with , as well as , besides , except , but ，like (像)等介词或介词短语时，谓语动词用单数。

如：Everyone except Tom has been to the Great Wall.

Lilei with his friends plays basketball every weekend .

6、就近原则：neither…nor , either …or , not only…but also , not …but , 以及there be连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词跟它靠近的主语一致。

如：Neither you nor she likes listening to this song.

There is a knife and two pens in the box.

注意：neither of ，either of 做主语时，谓语动词用单数。

Neither of them is right .

7、the + 形容词表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式。

如：The old are looked after well in this old people’s house .

The young aren’t allowed to get their ears pierrced .

8、the + 姓的复数形式，表示一家人,谓语动词用复数。

如：The Greens are going to Germany next week.

9、The number of …. “…的数量”；做主语时，谓语动词用单数。 A number of …“许多，大量”；做主语时，谓语动词用复数。

如：The number of the workers in this factory is about 500.

A number of the workers in this factory are women.

10、clothes , trousers , pants , shorts , shoes , gloves …等做主语时，谓语动词用复数。但如果有量词“a kind of , a piece of , a pair of ”等词修饰时，则依量词的单复数来定。

如：The shoes look nice .

The pair of shoes is very nice.

11. 集体名词：family ，class ，team ，group 等，表示整体概念时，谓语动词用单数。表示成员时，谓语动词用复数。

如：Class One is a very good class .

Now Class One are having a basketball match

12、many a +单数名词，“许多”;more than one +单数名词，“许多”；a/an +单数名词or two，“一至两…”；作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

如：Many a student has passed the exam = Many students have passed the exam. A boy or two was late for school .

13、分数做主语时，依名词的单复数而定，所修饰的名词是单数，则谓语动词用单数。所修饰的名词是复数，则谓语动词用复数。

如：Three quarters of the work is done by the computer .

One half of the students have passed the exam.

14、名词性物主代词mine，yours，his，hers，its，ours，theirs等作主语