虚拟语气课件(if ,wish)

A
A
B
B
B
3. I didn’t know her telephone number and I didn’t call her. If I had known her telephone number, I would have called her. 与过去事实相反的假设虚拟： 句型：If sb. had done sth. , sb. would/ could/ should / might have done sth.
如果我有一台靓车， 我就很开心啦
If I had a beautiful car, I would be very
happy.
Unit1 Grammar
本节课的学习内容
• • • • 1.了解虚拟语气的定义 2.掌握if条件句中的虚拟语气 3.掌握if条件句中的虚拟语气的省略 4.掌握虚拟语气在wish后的宾的定义
虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实， 而是一种假设，愿望，怀疑或推测。 它主要用于if条件状语从句，也可以用于 主语，表语，宾语从句等。 P86
1.I suggest that you should study hard. 虚拟语气 2.If I had enough money ,I would treat you all to ice creams. 虚拟语气
二：If条件句中的虚拟语气
• 它可以表示对过去，现在，将来情 况的虚拟
判断以下句子表示的是过去，现在，还是将来的情 况 1. I don’t have a car and I’m not happy. 现在的事实 2. I’m not a bird. I can’t fly. 现在的事实 3. I didn’t know her telephone number and I didn’t call her. 过去的事实 4. I won’t go there. So I won’t meet him there.
B 1. ____the exam, he would have attended a college.
A. If he passed C. Were he passed B. Had he passed D. If he should pass
B 2. ______it rain tomorrow, we should have to put off the visit to the Science Museum.
4. I won’t go there. So I won’t meet him there.
If I went there, I would meet him. =should go =were to go
与将来事实相反的假设虚拟： did 句型：If sb. =should do sth. ， =were to do sb. would/could/should/might do sth.
had left • 3. If we _______(leave) twenty minutes
earlier yesterday, we ______(catch) the first train. would have caught • 4. I _______ (help) you with your work if I ____ were(be) free now, but I am too busy. • 5. Should I fail this time, I _____(wait) for another chance. • 6. If hehad followed (follow) the doctor’s _________ would be advice, he __________ (be) quite all right now.
注意：if条件句的省略
if引导的虚拟条件句中，当从句谓语含有were, had 或 should时，可省略连词“if ”，而把“were, had ” 或“should” 移至主语之前，构成部分倒装。 eg：1) If I were you , I would study hard. Were I you, I would study hard. 2) If I had taken your advice, I wouldn’t have made a mistake Had I taken your advice, I wouldn’t have made a mistake. 3) If it should rain tomorrow, she would stay at home. Should it rain tomorrow, she would stay at home.
1. If you _____ the doctor’s advice, you would have D recovered already. A. followed B. would follow C. follow D. had followed 2. If my lawyer_____here last Saturday, he _______me from going. A A. had been , would have prevented B. had been, would prevent C. were, would prevent D. were, would have prevented 3. I ________ if she ________ me. B A. would have overslept , didn’t call B. would have overslept, hadn’t called C. overslept, hadn't called D. would overslept, didn’t call 4. She _______ to the party if she _______ invited. A A. would have gone, had been B. would go , was C. would have gone, was D. has gone
would help
would wait
4：混合条件句
• If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.
虚拟条件句中的主句与从句的动作
发生在不同的时间,
注意主从句的时间状语,这时主句和从
句的谓语虚拟形式应根据时间不同 而不同。
had rained 1.If it _________(rain) last night, things would be __________ (be) much better now. 2.If you hadn’t watched ______________(not watch) that TV play last night, youwouldn’t be _________(not be) so sleepy now. had set 3.If you _______(set) off for London yesterday, youwould arrive __________(arrive) there now. 4. If you had told me about your mistake in B advance, I _________ so angry now. A. wouldn’t have been B. wouldn’t be C. am not D. were not
5:含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气,常跟一些词： with,without,unless,but(for),or/otherwise, or else等
would/ could/ should/ might do sth.
如果if从句里的谓语动词是be动词， 无论是第几人称，虚拟语气中一律用were
1.If my father _____ here now, he _____tell me what to do. A. were, would B were, will C is, would D is , will 2. If I ______ a bee, I __________ work much harder. A were, would B were, shall C had, will D have, should 3. If I _______ much money, I ______ buy a house. A have, will B had, would C had, will D have, should 4. He ______ learn more quickly if he _______harder. A will, work B would, worked C would, work D will ,worked 5. If I __________ you, I _________ do that. A was, wouldn’t B were, wouldn’t C am , won’t D were, won’t
A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will
1.与现在事实相反的假设虚拟：
P86
句型： If sb. did / were sth, sb.
2.与过去事实相反的假设虚拟：
would/ could/ should/ might do sth.
句型：If sb. had done sth. , sb. would/ could/ should / might have done sth. 3.与将来事实相反的假设虚拟： did 句型：If sb. =should do sth. ， =were to do sb. would/could/should/might do sth.
综合习题：
C 1. _____five minutes earlier, you could have seen them off. A. If you should arrive B. If you arrive C. Had you arrived D. Should you arrive
2. If you __________tomorrow, you _________ A find the new manager working in the office. A. should come; would B. would come; would C. will come; should D. comes; might
Ex. 1. It’s probable that it won’t rain tomorrow. A But if it _________, I would still go to the park. A. rained B. would rain C. rains D. had rained 2. I don’t think that I shall fail. But if I _______, I would try again. A/c A should fail B would fail C failed D had failed
将来的事实
• 三.虚拟语气在if条件句中的用法：
1. I don’t have a car and I’m not happy. If I had a car, I would be very happy. 2. I’m not a bird. I can’t fly. If I were a bird, I could fly. 与现在事实相反的假设虚拟： 句型： If sb. did / were sth, sb.