翻译技巧(2)词类转换法

A. 名词转译成动词（基本方法）



4. Many people in industry and the service, who have practical experience of noise, regard any investigation of this question as a waste of time. 工业部门和军队中的许多人对噪音有切身体会，他们认为对这 个问题进行任何调查都是浪费时间。 5. An acquaintance of world history is helpful to the study of current affairs. 练习： 1. The 1967 UN document calls for the settlement of the Middle East conflict on the basis of Israel withdrawal from occupied territories and Arab acknowledgement of Israel’s right to exist.
A. 名词转译成动词（基本方法）
（四）短语中的主体名词通常翻译为动词



1. The next news bulletin（新闻节目）, shorter than usual, made no mention of the demonstration. 2. She had high praise for Dr. Smith, although she complained about his strictness. 3.The party branch secretary showed great concern for the students’ health 4. He has already made mention of the matter in his speech.

I. Converting to verbs
练习（二）




1. Not only does dark energy appear to make up the bulk of the universe, but its existence, if it stands the test of time, will probably require the development of new theories of physics. 暗能量视乎占据了宇宙的大部分空间， 不仅如此，如果它的存在能够经受 时间的考验，那么有可能需要建立新的物理学理论。 2. The same is true of galaxy clusters, the largest coherent bodies in the universe---assemblages of thousands of galaxies embedded in a vast cloud of hot gas and bound together by gravity. 对于星系群来说是如此，星系群是宇宙中最大的联合体，集中了数千个星 系，埋藏在巨大的热气云团中，由重力联系在一起。 3. Scientists say that government construction of a multi-billion-dollar, permanent space station could aid in detecting natural disasters on earth in advance, conducting medical research and collecting solar energy to transmit back. 科学家认为，由政府建造一个耗资数十亿美元的永久空间站会有助于预测 地球上的自然灾害，进行医学研究，以及收集太阳能并将其送回地面。 4. The analysis will require the development of new theoretical tools but should be within our grasp in the next few years. 要做这方面的分析就需要开发新的理论工具，不过今后几年中我们就会掌 握分析的方法。





5. Basically applied science starts with the clear understanding of a human need and then uses all the available scientific knowledge to assist in the satisfaction of this need. 归根到底，应用科学的出发点是清楚地了解人类的某一项需要，然后利用一 切现有的科学知识去帮助满足这种需要。 6. Pure science is primarily concerned with the development of theories and the establishment of the relations between the phenomena of the universe. 理论科学的主要任务是发展理论，建立宇宙间各种现象之间的关系。 7. Increasingly, there is talk of viewer participation in television; two-way TV programs will make it possible to take part in a soap opera or football game as if the viewer were there. 人们越来越多的谈论着电视观众参与电视节目的问题，双向电视节目将使电 视观众有可能参加电视连续剧的演出或足球比赛，犹如身临其境。 8. In general, drying a solid means the removal of relatively small amounts of water or other liquid from the solid material to reduce the content of residual liquid to an acceptable low value. 一般情况下，固体干燥指的是从固体材料中除去相对少量的水或其他液体， 从而使残留液体的含量减少到可接受的低水平。
A. 名词转译成动词（基本方法）


（一）具有动态意义的名词（1） “… of …” 结构（2）短语结构翻译顺序 ：顺译与逆译 1. It has also provided the bases for the traditional methodology of science: objective observation and description of some phenomena, the formulation of a hypothesis or hypotheses about the events observed and possible relationships among them, the use of these to predict future events, the verification of the hypotheses and, on this basis, the construction of a theory of some area of natural activity. 2. What is needed in the case of noise is a study of large numbers of people living under noisy conditions. 就噪音而论，所需要的是研究大批生活在噪音条件下的人数。 3. Insistence on human rights
I. Converting to verbs I am afraid I can’t teach you English. I think my daughter is a better teacher than I. 恐怕我教不了你英语，我想我女儿比我教得 好。 6. The operation of a computer needs some knowledge of English. 操作电脑需要一些英语知识。 5.



A. 名词转译成动词（基本方法）
（三）英语中有些以后缀 –er, -or 结尾的名词，在 句中并指其身份和职业，而是含有较强的动作意味， 需要翻译为动词。 1. I am afraid I can’t teach you swimming. I think my little brother is a better teacher than I. 我恐怕教不了你游泳，我想我的小弟弟比我教得好。 2. Talking with his son, the old man was the forgiver of the young man’s past wrong doings. 在和儿子谈话时，老人宽恕了年轻人过去所干的坏事 。 3. He is no smoker, but his father is a chain-smoker.


练习（一）
1. The Census Bureau,the data agency charged with creating statistics on household incomes and their distribution, does not maintain an official definition of middle class status. 2. During the half-hour talk, the two sides exchanged views on the choice of terms of payment, but they made no mention of the mode of transportation. （在半小时的商谈中，双方就付 款方式交换了意见，但没有提到运输方式。）
I. Converting to verbs
A. 名词转译成动词（概述）
1. They went on strike in demand of a 40 percent wage increase. 他们举行罢工，要求工资增加40%。 2. Give me liberty or give me death. 不自由， 毋宁死。 3. He is an enemy to reform. 他反对改革。 4. Difference between the social system of states shall not be an obstacle to their approach and cooperation. 国与国社会制度的不同不应妨碍彼此的接近 与合作。


A. 名词转译成动词（基本方法）


（二）英语中含有动态意义的名词通常翻译为动词，
并根据需要增添逻辑宾语。 1. The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing. 看到我们的喷气式飞机，听见隆隆的（机声），令我 们特别神 往。 2. As the week draw to a close, the enemy rout was complete. 一周快结束时， 敌人彻底溃退了。

2. One after another, speakers called for the downfall of impeHale Waihona Puke Baiduialism, abolition of exploitation of man by man, liberation of the oppressed of the world. 3. Until 1972, all efforts by the two nations to curb the nuclear arms race had foundered on one point: U.S. insistence on the right to make one-site inspection of the Soviet Strategic-arsenal and Russia’s refusal. 4. It has also provided the bases for the traditional methodology of science: objective observation and description of some phenomena, the formulation of a hypothesis or hypotheses about the events observed and possible relationships among them, the use of these to predict future events. The verification of the hypotheses and, on this basis, the construction of a theory of some area of natural activity.