英语小说汉译
英语小说的翻译技巧略谈
- 228-校园英语 / 翻译研究英语小说的翻译技巧略谈内蒙古大学外国语学院/王雨茹【摘要】文学的发展中，中国占有一席之地，但是在国际文坛中，特别是英文的著作数量占有绝对优势，在世界一体化的发展前提下，人们对于文化的概念也从以前的故步自封变成了如今的文化不分国籍，这种现象就造成了外文小说文刊翻译这一职业快速崛起。
从另一方面来说，小说翻译也是提高英语阅读能力的有效方式之一，所以很多高校学生都尝试着去翻译小说来提高自己的英语阅读能力，为将来自己的就业打下一个良好的基础。
本文将从英语小说翻译应遵循的规则和原则的角度对怎样地道的翻译英语小说提出意见与建议。
【关键词】英语小说 汉译 翻译技巧从汉译英小说发展至现在不过有一个世纪的时间，而且在这一个世纪汉译小说的发展紧紧与中国客观历史发展相连。
在解放之前新文化运动时期，由梁启超先生、严复先生、鲁迅先生等大文豪带领了汉译小说发展的潮流，他们把英语小说翻译成汉语希望以国外先进的文化带动中国人民的文化造诣及精神方向，但是这些先生所翻译的文章太过于看重文章的社会性能，反而去忽略了一些人们所需要的东西。
所以含义是小说发展至今，文化潮流推动着译者不断进步，下面本文将谈论一些汉译英语小说的技巧及所要注意的要点。
一、英语小说的翻译应注意的要点1.准确理解原文选择正确的字、词。
小说具有叙事性，是一种结构逻辑感十分重要的文体，小说通过塑造不同的人物来完整小说情节，又通过对于不同人物在场景中的描写来体现不同人物之间的性格特点，在描写实事之时揭露社会上的某些现象，用以来展现社会生活的矛盾。
这就体现了社会生活的三大要素：情节、人物、场景。
也就是说在小说的描写中，无论是作者善于用华丽的词藻堆砌小说人物性格和场景都会归于表达感情这一点。
但是文章的描写不同也会对翻译者带来不同的难度，在翻译出词句之时也会有不同的表达方式，但是翻译者也要确保自己所翻译的内容不偏离原本作者的含义。
比如有一句话‘You are a pel ’(选自小说Persumed Innocent)正确的翻译应该是：你真够朋友或者是你真够哥们。
研究生英语综合教程UNIT6课文及翻译(含汉译英英译汉)
UNIT6What does it feel like to help dying patients through their final days? Experience it through the eyes of hospice nurse Jill Campbell, who does her job with grace, compassion, and gratitude.1.Outside, it's noisy on this busy block of row houses in Baltimore. But inside one tidy living room, all is quiet except for the sound of a woman's raspy breathing. The patient is huddled in an easy chair under a handmade pink-and-blue afghan, a knit cap on her head and booties on her feet. She has trouble staying warm these days. Her cancer has returned with a vengeance and she has only a few weeks to life. Hospice nurse Jill Campbell kneels down beside her patient, listens to her breathing, and then checks her blood pressure. Campbell has already hauled in oxygen tanks, showed family members how to work them, organized the medicine, and assessed how her patient has been eating and sleeping.2.But now is a moment to connect one-on-one. Campbell wraps her hands aro und the woman’s hands and rubs them together to warm them. She looks into her face. “are you feeling a little better?” she asks softly.3.Getting to know her patients and helping them through the toughest time of their lives is what Campbell, 43, appreciates most about being a hospice nurse. “I don’t know of another position where you can do more for people,” she says.4.Her patients have all been told that they have six months or less to live. Rather than continue with often-difficult or painful treatments that probably won’t extend their lives, they have decided to stop trying for a cure. Instead, with the help of hospice care, they’ll focus on comfort and on living whatever they have left of their lives to the fullest ---usually in their own home.5.Being able to die at home is a major part of the appeal of hospice, but patients and family members may not see it that way at first. “A lot of people still view hospice as giving up and letting the disease in,” says Campbell. That’s why the decision to c all in hospice care can be an incredibly difficult one for a family to make. Once they do, though, most patients and their families soon understand the value of having a team of dedicated professionals---including social workers, health aides, chaplains, and nurses---work together to provide not only physical but also emotional and spiritual support. 帮助即将离世的患者度过最后的时光会是怎样的感受呢？让我们借助吉尔·坎贝尔的所见经历这一切吧。
一生必读的100部英文小说-推荐下载
【一生必读的100部英文小说】 2009-07-25 22:35 | (分类:文学)下面这100本英语小说，是西方人认定的上世纪二十年代以来发表出来的最杰出的英语小说。
是绝对具有珍藏价值的小说。
学英语专业的人应该读，没学英语专业的，也应该有空的时候把相关的汉译本拿来读读。
翻阅这样的小说，可以保证你真正做到“开卷有益”，而不至于将宝贵的生命与时间浪费在茫茫的烂书堆中。
总之，这些小说的名字，对于很多中国读者来说，可能有些陌生，但那是因为是受到了前辈们的“熏陶”，他们给我们开列的书单，是那一代人视野所能及的范围。
他们也只能开列出19世纪以前的经典小说书单，从某种意义上说，它们离我们更远些。
而下面的这100本英语经典小说的书单，更反映了当代西方人的某种权威角度与视野。
诚然，这只是英语世界里的经典小说，绝对不是世界性的。
但现在不是全民一起学英语吗，这样的大环境中，好好从这100本英语经典小说中选几部出来读，恐怕都是一件十分惬意的事情。
我特意花点时间，把这100部英语经典小说的原名，作者给列在上面，并将书名全部汉译过来，主要是给没有机会读英语原版小说的人提供某种方便。
有约定俗成的就按原来的处理。
没有的，就尽量直译过来。
这是网上很多地方报道此消息时所不具备的，也是我的某种特色罢。
此外，看一下自己的书架，看一下下面这100本小说，你一共有几本，也可以从某种角度上说明了我们对现当代西方文学的认识有多深或有多浅。
【原文书名】【书名汉译】【作者姓名原文】【作者姓名汉译】The Adventures of Augie March（奥吉·玛琪历险记）Saul Bellow （索尔·贝罗）All the King’s Men（国王人马）Robert Penn Warren（R·P·沃伦）American Pastoral（美国牧师）Philip Roth（菲利普·罗斯）An American Tragedy（美国悲剧）Theodore Dreiser（狄德罗·德莱塞）Animal Farm（动物农场）George Orwell（乔治·奥维尔）Appointment in Samarra（相约萨玛拉）John O’Hara（约翰·奥哈拉）Are You There God? It’s Me, Margaret（神哪，您在那里吗？是我，玛格丽特）JudyBlume（朱迪·布罗姆）The Assistant（助手）Bernard Malamud（伯纳德·马拉迈德）At Swim-Two-Birds（双鸟嬉戏池塘边）Flann O’Brien（弗兰·奥伯兰）Atonement（救赎）艾恩·麦克埃文Beloved（宠儿）Toni Morrison（托尼·莫里逊）The Berlin Stories（柏林故事集）Christopher Isherwood（克里斯托夫·埃舍伍德）The Big Sleep（夜长梦多）Raymond Chandler（雷蒙·珊德勒）The Blind Assassin（盲人杀手）Margaret Atwood（玛格丽特·埃特伍德）Blood Meridian（血色子午线）Cormac McCarthy（考麦克·麦卡锡）Brideshead Revisited （旧地重游）Evelyn Waugh （埃菲琳·瓦）The Bridge of San Luis Rey（圣路易雷桥）Thornton Wilder（桑顿·王尔德）Call It Sleep（睡眠）Henry Roth（亨利·罗斯）Catch-22 （第二十二条军规）Joseph Heller（约瑟·海勒）The Catcher in the Rye（麦田守望者）J.D. Salinger（J·D·塞林格）A Clockwork Orange（发条橙子）Anthony Burgess（安东尼·伯格斯）The Confessions of Nat Turner（纳特·特纳的忏悔）William Styron（威廉·斯太龙）The Corrections（纠正）Jonathan Franzen（约那逊·弗兰森）The Crying of Lot 49（拍卖第49号]）Thomas Pynchon（托马斯·品钦）A Dance to the Music of Time（随时间音乐起舞）Anthony Powell（安东尼·鲍威）The Day of the Locust（蝗虫肆虐日）Nathanael West（那瑟那尔·威斯特）Death Comes for the Archbishop（大主教之死）Willa Cather（威拉·凯瑟）A Death in the Family（家族成员之死）James Agee（詹姆斯·阿吉）The Death of the Heart（心脏之死）Elizabeth Bowen（伊丽莎白·伯文）Deliverance（释放）James Dickey（詹姆斯·迪克）Dog Soldiers（亡命之徒）Robert Stone（罗伯特·斯通）Falconer（放鹰者）John Cheever（约翰·契佛）The French Lieutenant’s Woman （法国中尉的女人）John Fowles（约翰·弗勒斯）The Golden Notebook（金色笔记）Doris Lessing（D·莱辛）Go Tell it on the Mountain（山上高呼）James Baldwin（詹姆斯·鲍德温）Gone With the Wind（飘）Margaret Mitchell（玛格丽特·米切尔）The Grapes of Wrath（愤怒的葡萄）John Steinbeck（约翰·斯坦伯克）Gravity’s Rainbow（引力彩虹）Thomas Pynchon（托马斯·品钦）The Great Gatsby（了不起的盖茨比）F. Scott Fitzgerald（F·斯考特·菲茨杰拉德）A Handful of Dust（一掬尘土）Evelyn Waugh（埃菲琳·瓦）The Heart Is A Lonely Hunter（心是孤独的猎手）Carson McCullers（卡尔逊·迈勒斯）The Heart of the Matter（核心问题）Graham Greene（G·格林）Herzog（赫尔佐格）Saul Bellow（索尔·贝罗）Housekeeping（管家）Marilynne Robinson （玛琳·罗伯逊）A House for Mr. Biswas（毕斯瓦思先生之屋）V.S. Naipaul （V·S·纳保罗）I, Claudius（我，克劳迪斯）Robert Graves（罗伯特·格里夫斯）Infinite Jest（无尽的玩笑）David Foster Wallace（戴维·弗斯特·华莱士）Invisible Man（隐形人）Ralph Ellison（拉尔芙·埃利逊）Light in August（八月之光）William Faulkner（威廉·福克纳）The Lion, The Witch and the Wardrobe（狮子，女巫和魔衣橱）C.S. Lewis（C·S·Lewis）Lolita（洛丽塔）Vladimir Naboko 弗拉基米尔·那波克Lord of the Flies（蝇王）William Golding 威廉·格尔丁The Lord of the Rings（指环王）by J.R.R. Tolkein （J·R·R·托肯）Loving（爱）Henry Green（亨利·格林）Lucky Jim（幸运的吉姆）Kingsley Amis（金斯利·埃米斯）The Man Who Loved Children （那个喜欢孩子的人）Christina Stead（克里斯蒂·斯太德）Midnight's Children（午夜之子）Salman Rushdie（萨尔曼·拉什迪）Money（金钱）Martin Amis（马丁·埃米斯）The Moviegoer（电影迷）Walker Percy（沃克·泊西）Mrs. Dalloway（达罗薇夫人）Virginia Woolf（芙吉妮亚·伍尔夫）Naked Lunch（裸体午餐）William Burroughs （威廉·伯罗斯）Native Son（土著之子）Richard Wright（理查·莱特）Neuromancer（神经漫游者）William Gibson（威廉·吉普逊）Never Let Me Go（别让我走）Kazuo Ishiguro （卡佐·伊什古罗）1984（一九八四）George Orwell（乔治·奥维尔）On the Road（在路上）by Jack Kerouac（杰克·克鲁亚克）One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest（飞越疯人院）Ken Kesey（肯·克西）The Painted Bird（染色鸟）Jerzy Kosinski（泽西·克金斯基）Pale Fire（幽冥火）Vladimir Nabokov（弗拉基米尔·那巴克夫）A Passage to India（印度之行）E.M. Forster（E·M·弗斯特）Play It As It Lays（顺其自然）Joan Didion（琼·迪丹）Portnoy's Complaint （波特诺的抱怨）Philip Roth（菲利普·罗斯）Possession（占有）A.S. Byatt（A·S·伯亚特）The Power and the Glory（权力与荣耀）Graham Greene（G·格林）The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie（让·布罗迪小姐的巅峰时刻）Muriel Spark（莫里·斯巴克）Rabbit, Run（兔子，跑吧）John Updike（约翰·厄普代克）Ragtime（雷格泰姆音乐）E.L. Doctorow（E·L·多克特罗）The Recognitions（辨识）William Gaddis（威廉·格迪斯）Red Harvest（红色收获）Dashiell Hammett （达斯·哈迈特）Revolutionary Road（革命之路）Richard Yates（理查·叶茨）The Sheltering Sky（僻护天空）Paul Bowles（保罗·保尔斯）Slaughterhouse-Five（第五号屠场）Kurt Vonnegut（克特·冯尼格特）Snow Crash（雪崩）Neal Stephenson（尼尔·史蒂文森）The Sot-Weed Factor（因素）John Barth（约翰·伯斯）The Sound and the Fury（喧哗与骚动）William Faulkner（威廉·福克纳）The Sportswriter（体育新闻记者）Richard Ford（理查·福特）The Spy Who Came in From the Cold（柏林谍影）John LeCarre（约翰·勒克）The Sun Also Rises（太阳照样升起）Ernest Hemingway（厄内斯特·海明威）Their Eyes Were Watching God（他们仰望上帝）Zora Neale Hurston（佐拉·尼尔·赫斯顿）Things Fall Apart（瓦解）Chinua Achebe（切努瓦·阿切比）To Kill a Mockingbird（杀死一只知更鸟）Harper Lee（哈普·李）To the Lighthouse（到灯塔去）Virginia Woolf（芙吉妮亚·伍尔夫）Tropic of Cancer（北回归线）Henry Miller（亨利·米勒）Ubik（尤比克）Philip K. Dick （菲·K·迪克）Under the Net（网下）Iris Murdoch（埃尔斯·莫多克）Under the Volcano（火山下）Malcolm Lowrey（马尔孔·罗瑞）Watchmen by Alan Moore & Dave Gibbons（守夜者）White Noise（白噪音）Don DeLillo（丹·迪里罗）White Teeth（白色的牙齿）Zadie Smith（匝迪·史密斯）Wide Sargasso Sea（野海草之海）Jean Rhys（让·里斯。
英语作文汉译英范文10篇
英语作文汉译英范文10篇Certainly! Here are 10 English essays translated from Chinese, following American English conventions:1. My Favorite BookIn my eyes, the most captivating book I've ever readis "To Kill a Mockingbird" by Harper Lee. The novel is set in the 1930s and narrates the story of a young girl named Scout Finch, her brother Jem, and their father, the morally upright lawyer, Atticus Finch. The story deals with serious themes such as racial injustice and moral growth, which are presented through the innocent perspective of children. The book has taught me the importance of empathy and standing up for what is right, regardless of societal pressures.2. A Day in My LifeMy typical day starts with the alarm clock ringing at 6:30 AM. After a quick shower and breakfast, I head to school where I attend classes from 8:00 AM to 3:00 PM. In the afternoon, I usually spend time on extracurricular activities like the school band or sports. Homework and studying take up most of my evening, and I try to get to bed by 10:00 PM to ensure I'm well-rested for the next day.3. The Impact of Technology on EducationTechnology has revolutionized the way we learn. With the advent of online courses, students can now access a wealth of knowledge from the comfort of their homes. Educational apps and software have made learning more interactive and engaging. However, the over-reliance on technology also poses challenges, such as the potential for decreased human interaction and the digital divide that may exclude those without access to these resources.4. My Dream JobIf I could choose any job in the world, I would want to be an astronaut. The idea of exploring the cosmos, seeing the Earth from space, and contributing to scientific research excites me. I understand that the journey to becoming an astronaut is rigorous, involving extensive training and a strong background in science and engineering. But the opportunity to push the boundaries of human knowledge and experience makes it all worthwhile.5. The Environment and MeI am deeply concerned about the environment. I believe that each individual has a role to play in protecting our planet. In my daily life, I try to minimize waste, recycle, and use public transportation whenever possible. I also participate in local clean-up initiatives and advocate for environmental awareness in my community.6. A Memorable TripThe most memorable trip I have ever taken was to Yellowstone National Park. The breathtaking geysers, hot springs, and diverse wildlife were a feast for the eyes. Hiking the park's trails, I felt a deep connection with nature and a renewed appreciation for the beauty andfragility of our natural world.7. The Importance of SportsSports play a crucial role in my life. They not only keep me physically fit but also teach me valuable life skills such as teamwork, discipline, and perseverance. Participating in sports has also helped me build lasting friendships and provided a healthy outlet for stress.8. My Favorite HolidayThanksgiving is my favorite holiday because it brings family and friends together. I love the tradition of sharing a meal and expressing gratitude for the good things in life. It's a time to reflect on the past year and look forward to the coming one with hope and optimism.9. A Person I AdmireAmong the many people I admire, Malala Yousafzai stands out. She is a brave advocate for education and women's rights. Despite facing adversity, Malala has shown incredible courage and determination. Her story inspires me to stand up for what I believe in and to work towards making the world a better place.10. The Power of KindnessKindness has the power to change lives. A simple act of kindness can brighten someone's day and even change their perspective. I try to practice kindness in my interactions with others, whether it's through a warm greeting, a helping hand, or a listening ear. I believe that a kind world is a better world.These essays are crafted to reflect a variety of topics that might be found in English language classes, from personal narratives to discussions on societal issues.。
一生必读的100部英文小说
一生必读的100部英文小说下面这100本英语小说,是西方人认定的上世纪二十年代以来发表出来的最杰出的英语小说。
是绝对具有珍藏价值的小说。
学英语专业的人应该读,没学英语专业的,也应该有空的时候把相关的汉译本拿来读读。
翻阅这样的小说,可以保证你真正做到“开卷有益”,而不至于将宝贵的生命与时间浪费在茫茫的烂书堆中。
总之,这些小说的名字,对于很多中国读者来说,可能有些陌生,但那是因为是受到了前辈们的“熏陶”,他们给我们开列的书单,是那一代人视野所能及的范围。
他们也只能开列出19世纪以前的经典小说书单,从某种意义上说,它们离我们更远些。
而下面的这100本英语经典小说的书单,更反映了当代西方人的某种权威角度与视野。
诚然,这只是英语世界里的经典小说,绝对不是世界性的。
但现在不是全民一起学英语吗,这样的大环境中,好好从这100本英语经典小说中选几部出来读,恐怕都是一件十分惬意的事情。
我特意花点时间,把这100部英语经典小说的原名,作者给列在上面,并将书名全部汉译过来,主要是给没有机会读英语原版小说的人提供某种方便。
有约定俗成的就按原来的处理。
没有的,就尽量直译过来。
这是网上很多地方报道此消息时所不具备的,也是我的某种特色罢。
此外,看一下自己的书架,看一下下面这100本小说,你一共有几本,也可以从某种角度上说明了我们对现当代西方文学的认识有多深或有多浅。
【原文书名】【书名汉译】【作者姓名原文】【作者姓名汉译】The Adventures of Augie March(奥吉·玛琪历险记)Saul Bellow (索尔·贝罗)All the King’s Men(国王人马)Robert Penn Warren(R·P·沃伦)American Pastoral(美国牧师)Philip Roth(菲利普·罗斯)An American Tragedy(美国悲剧)Theodore Dreiser(狄德罗·德莱塞)Animal Farm(动物农场)George Orwell(乔治·奥维尔)Appointment in Samarra(相约萨玛拉)John O’Hara(约翰·奥哈拉)Are You There God? It’s Me, Margaret(神哪,您在那里吗?是我,玛格丽特)Judy Blume(朱迪·布罗姆)The Assistant(助手)Bernard Malamud(伯纳德·马拉迈德)At Swim-Two-Birds(双鸟嬉戏池塘边)Flann O’Brien(弗兰·奥伯兰)Atonement(救赎)艾恩·麦克埃文Beloved(宠儿)Toni Morrison(托尼·莫里逊)The Berlin Stories(柏林故事集)Christopher Isherwood(克里斯托夫·埃舍伍德) The Big Sleep(夜长梦多)Raymond Chandler(雷蒙·珊德勒)The Blind Assassin(盲人杀手)Margaret Atwood(玛格丽特·埃特伍德)Blood Meridian(血色子午线)Cormac McCarthy(考麦克·麦卡锡)Brideshead Revisited (旧地重游)Evelyn Waugh (埃菲琳·瓦)The Bridge of San Luis Rey(圣路易雷桥)Thornton Wilder(桑顿·王尔德)Call It Sleep(睡眠)Henry Roth(亨利·罗斯)Catch-22 (第二十二条军规)Joseph Heller(约瑟·海勒)The Catcher in the Rye(麦田守望者)J.D. Salinger(J·D·塞林格)A Clockwork Orange(发条橙子)Anthony Burgess(安东尼·伯格斯)The Confessions of Nat Turner(纳特·特纳的忏悔)William Styron(威廉·斯太龙) The Corrections(纠正)Jonathan Franzen(约那逊·弗兰森)The Crying of Lot 49(拍卖第49号])Thomas Pynchon(托马斯·品钦)A Dance to the Music of Time(随时间音乐起舞)Anthony Powell(安东尼·鲍威) The Day of the Locust(蝗虫肆虐日)Nathanael West(那瑟那尔·威斯特)Death Comes for the Archbishop(大主教之死)Willa Cather(威拉·凯瑟)A Death in the Family(家族成员之死)James Agee(詹姆斯·阿吉)The Death of the Heart(心脏之死)Elizabeth Bowen(伊丽莎白·伯文) Deliverance(释放)James Dickey(詹姆斯·迪克)Dog Soldiers(亡命之徒)Robert Stone(罗伯特·斯通)Falconer(放鹰者)John Cheever(约翰·契佛)The French Lieutenant’s Woman (法国中尉的女人)John Fowles(约翰·弗勒斯) The Golden Notebook(金色笔记)Doris Lessi ng(D·莱辛)Go Tell it on the Mountain(山上高呼)James Baldwin(詹姆斯·鲍德温)Gone With the Wind(飘)Margaret Mitchell(玛格丽特·米切尔)The Grapes of Wrath(愤怒的葡萄)John Steinbeck(约翰·斯坦伯克)Gravity’s Rainbow(引力彩虹)Thomas Pynchon(托马斯·品钦)The Great Gatsby(了不起的盖茨比)F. Scott Fit zgerald(F·斯考特·菲茨杰拉德)A Handful of Dust(一掬尘土)Evelyn Waugh(埃菲琳·瓦)The Heart Is A Lonely Hunter(心是孤独的猎手)Carson McCullers(卡尔逊·迈勒斯) The Heart of the Matter(核心问题)Graham Greene(G·格林)Herzog(赫尔佐格)Saul Bellow(索尔·贝罗)Housekeeping(管家)Marilynne Robinson (玛琳·罗伯逊)A House for Mr. Biswas(毕斯瓦思先生之屋)V.S. Naipaul (V·S·纳保罗)I, Claudius(我,克劳迪斯)Robert Graves(罗伯特·格里夫斯)Infinite Jest(无尽的玩笑)David Foster Wallace(戴维·弗斯特·华莱士)Invisible Man(隐形人)Ralph Ellison(拉尔芙·埃利逊)Light in August(八月之光)William Faulkner(威廉·福克纳)The Lion, The Witch and the Wardrobe(狮子,女巫和魔衣橱)C.S.Lewis(C·S·Lewis) Lolita(洛丽塔)Vladimir Naboko 弗拉基米尔·那波克Lord of the Flies(蝇王)William Golding 威廉·格尔丁The Lord of the Rings(指环王)by J.R.R. Tolkein (J·R·R·托肯)Loving(爱)Henry Green(亨利·格林)Lucky Jim(幸运的吉姆)Kingsley Amis(金斯利·埃米斯)The Man Who Loved Children (那个喜欢孩子的人)Christina Stead(克里斯蒂·斯太德) Midnight's Children(午夜之子)Salman Rushdie(萨尔曼·拉什迪)Money(金钱)Martin Amis(马丁·埃米斯)The Moviegoer(电影迷)Walker Percy(沃克·泊西)Mrs. Dalloway(达罗薇夫人)Virginia Woolf(芙吉妮亚·伍尔夫)Naked Lunch(裸体午餐)William Burroughs (威廉·伯罗斯)Native Son(土著之子)Richard Wright(理查·莱特)Neuromancer(神经漫游者)William Gibson(威廉·吉普逊)Never Let Me Go(别让我走)Kazuo Ishiguro (卡佐·伊什古罗)1984(一九八四)George Orwell(乔治·奥维尔)On the Road(在路上)by Jack Kerouac(杰克·克鲁亚克)One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest(飞越疯人院)Ken Kesey(肯·克西)The Painted Bird(染色鸟)Jerzy Kosinski(泽西·克金斯基)Pale Fire(幽冥火)Vladimir Nabokov(弗拉基米尔·那巴克夫)A Passage to India(印度之行)E.M. Forster(E·M·弗斯特)Play It As It Lays(顺其自然)Joan Didion(琼·迪丹)Portnoy's Complaint (波特诺的抱怨)Philip Roth(菲利普·罗斯)Possession(占有)A.S. Byatt(A·S·伯亚特)The Power and the Glory(权力与荣耀)Graham Greene(G·格林)The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie(让·布罗迪小姐的巅峰时刻)MurielSpark(莫里·斯巴克) Rabbit, Run(兔子,跑吧)John Updike(约翰·厄普代克) Ragtime(雷格泰姆音乐)E.L. Doctorow(E·L·多克特罗)The Recognitions(辨识)William Gaddis(威廉·格迪斯)Red Harvest(红色收获)Dashiell Hammett (达斯·哈迈特)Revolutionary Road(革命之路)Richard Yates(理查·叶茨)The Sheltering Sky(僻护天空)Paul Bowles(保罗·保尔斯)Slaughterhouse-Five(第五号屠场)Kurt V onnegut(克特·冯尼格特)Snow Crash(雪崩)Neal Stephenson(尼尔·史蒂文森)The Sot-Weed Factor(因素)John Barth(约翰·伯斯)The Sound and the Fury(喧哗与骚动)William Faulkner(威廉·福克纳)The Sportswriter(体育新闻记者)Richard Ford(理查·福特)The Spy Who Came in From the Cold(柏林谍影)John LeCarre(约翰·勒克) The Sun Also Rises(太阳照样升起)Ernest Hemingway(厄内斯特·海明威)Their Eyes Were Watching God(他们仰望上帝)Zora Neale Hurston(佐拉·尼尔·赫斯顿) Things Fall Apart(瓦解)Chinua Achebe(切努瓦·阿切比)To Kill a Mockingbird(杀死一只知更鸟)Harper Lee(哈普·李)To the Lighthouse(到灯塔去)Virginia Woolf(芙吉妮亚·伍尔夫)Tropic of Cancer(北回归线)Henry Miller(亨利·米勒)Ubik(尤比克)Philip K. Dick (菲·K·迪克)Under the Net(网下)Iris Murdoch(埃尔斯·莫多克)Under the V olcano(火山下)Malcolm Lowrey(马尔孔·罗瑞) Watchmen by Alan Moore & Dave Gibbons(守夜者)White Noise(白噪音)Don DeLillo(丹·迪里罗)White Teeth(白色的牙齿)Zadie Smith(匝迪·史密斯) Wide Sargasso Sea(野海草之海)Jean Rhys(让·里斯。
悬疑小说汉译中原作与译作的互补共生——以daddy’slittlegirl（节选）的汉译为例
AcknowledgementsUpon the completion of this thesis, I would like to extend my deepest gratitude to my supervisor, Professor Wu Bo, for her advice in shaping my ideas and patience in improving my draft. The final version of this thesis is indispensable from her insightful suggestions and consistent encouragements. At the beginning of MTI program, I felt frustrated as a beginner of both translation practice and study compared with my outstanding classmates. It was Professor Wu who offered great help in improving my translation competence and shaping the proper approach to academic research. I feel extremely grateful that I could walk through two years of post-graduate study with her.My sincere thanks also go to other professors in the School of Foreign Languages of East China Normal University for their enlightening lectures and dedication in translation study, especially to Professor Li Honghong and Professor Du Zhendong. Professor Li introduced deconstruction translation theory to us for the first time in her lecture, and her doctoral thesis which showed her brilliant understanding about that theory has been an exciting adventure for me during my thesis writing. Professor Du impressed me by his unfailing efforts in providing various translation materials and communicating his creative ideas about translation with us. Moreover, he is always ready to encourage and help us on and off campus.I am also grateful to my outstanding classmates. For me, they are good team players in academic study and intimate friends in personal life. My last thanks go to my beloved family members. Their love and dedication have been continuing sources of courage and strength for me in fighting for a better future.i摘要悬疑小说是目前深受中国读者喜爱的一种小说类别，近年来国内出版社每年都会引进和翻译许多英语原版悬疑小说。
【精品】新视野大学英语1sectionB文章英译汉翻译
新视野大学英语1sectionB文章翻译一、While regular schools still exist, the virtual classroom plays an important role in today's learningcommunity.（虽然常规的学校依然存在，但虚拟课堂在今天的教学领域中起着重要的作用。
）Job opportunitiesfor students are expanding rapidly and more people of all ages are becoming aware of online learning that allows them to study at home. （随着学生就业机会的迅速增多，越来越多不同年龄层的人开始意识到这种在家就学的网上学习方式。
）Online students, however, require unique qualities to be successful.（然而，网络学生需要具备一些特别的素质才能取得成功。
）The following list discusses someideal qualities of successful online students. （以下是网上学生要取得成功必备的一些理想素质。
）1. Be open-minded about sharing life, work, and learning experiences as part of online learning.（与人分享生活、工作及学习经验，这些是网上学习的一部分。
）Many people find that the online method requires them to use their experiences and that onlinelearning offers them a place to communicate with each other.（许多人发现网上学习需要他们运用各自的经验，同时又为他们提供了相互交流的场所。
华裔美国作家英语小说的文本特征及汉译新问题
华裔美国作家英语小说的文本特征及汉译新问题
章艳
【期刊名称】《英美文学研究论丛》
【年(卷),期】2014(000)002
【摘要】华裔美国作家英语小说以华裔美国人的视角写华裔美国人的生活,文本中英汉两种语言、中西两种文化交织融合,表现出鲜明的杂合性和多元性.这一文本特征带来了此类文本汉译的新问题——杂合语言的翻译、从英语译成汉语后的语内翻译以及文本总体风格翻译所遭遇的障碍,从现有的译本来看,这些问题还没有得到充分重视.关注这些问题对于华裔美国文学研究、翻译理论研究、当代中国小说英译以及华裔英语文学汉译都有积极的理论价值和实际指导作用.
【总页数】12页(P335-346)
【作者】章艳
【作者单位】上海外国语大学国际金融贸易学院
【正文语种】中文
【相关文献】
1.流散中的定位——刍议华裔美国作家文化译者身份及其汉译 [J], 杨琦;周文革
2.身份的诉求:评加拿大华裔英语小说《玉牡丹》 [J], 周小文
3.人名、地名的翻译与方言——从加拿大几本华裔英语小说的中译说起 [J], 梁丽芳
4.从中国文化到华裔美国文化——论当代华裔美国作家的中国文化观 [J], 王惠
5.生态翻译学视角下英语小说汉译的"三维转换"研究
——以《肖申克的救赎》汉译本为例 [J], 李敏;邵华
因版权原因，仅展示原文概要，查看原文内容请购买。
初级英语名著带翻译
初级英语名著带翻译Title: The Adventures of Tom Sawyer。
Tom Sawyer is a young boy who lives in a small town on the banks of the Mississippi River. He is mischievous and always getting into trouble. One day, he and his friend, Huckleberry Finn, witness a murder. They swear to keep it a secret, but as the town begins to search for the killer, Tom becomes increasingly scared and decides to tell the truth.Tom also has a crush on a girl named Becky Thatcher. He tries to impress her by showing off his bravery, but it only gets him into more trouble. Eventually, Tom and Becky get lost in a cave and are trapped. They manage to escape, but not before Tom discovers a hidden treasure.Throughout the book, Tom learns valuable lessons about honesty, bravery, and the consequences of his actions. He also has many exciting adventures, such as running awayfrom home and pretending to be a pirate.Overall, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is a classic coming-of-age story about a boy who learns to grow up and take responsibility for his actions. It is a fun and entertaining read that will captivate readers of all ages.。
unit 7 小说翻译
--换译Hale Waihona Puke （隐喻含义相同，方式和形象不 同）
“近日来宝玉弄来的外传野史，多半才子佳人， 都因小巧玩物上撮合，或有鸳鸯，或有凤凰” In the romances which Baoyu smuggled into her and of which she has nowadays an avid consumer it was always some trinct or small object of clothing or jewellery---a pair of lovebirds, a male and female phoenix. (杨译)
视角（point of view） 主题（theme） 基调（tone）
小说的语言特点
集各种文学体裁话语形式于一身
有散文诗歌般的典雅华美，也有口语体的粗 俗不堪
中国古典小说发展历程
植根于上古神话和口头民间传说 起源于街头巷尾村夫野老的闲谈（受到正统 文人的鄙视） 萌芽于秦汉史传文学生动的言行记述 发展于隋唐志怪传奇和宋元戏剧话本 蓬勃于明清章回小说
汤姆像个疯子一样，咆哮叫骂，捶胸薅发，顿
足震地，起誓呼天，要对所有一切参与其事的 人，都极尽报仇雪恨之能事。 （张若谷译）
“Well”said she to herself, “this is most strange!----After I had got him so well, to chuse to go into company, and leave Harriet ill behind!--Most strange indeed!” ---Emma “唉”艾玛心里嘀咕道，“真是太不可思议啦！ 我都给他想好了脱身的办法，他却偏要去凑热 闹，眼看卡利特生病也不管！真实太不可思议 啦！” ---孙致礼译
英语小说汉译 (2)
译文a：凡是有财产的单身汉，必定要需要娶位 太太，这已经成了举世公认的真理。 这样的单身汉，每逢新搬到一个地方，四邻八 舍虽然完全不了解他的性情如何，见解如何，可 是，既然这样的一条真理早已在人们心目中根深 蒂固，因此人们总是把他看作自己某一个女儿理 所应得的一笔财产。（王科一译） 译文b：公认有这样一个真理：一个拥有大笔家 产的单身汉必然需要一个妻子。 不论这样一个人在进入本区之初，其感情和见解 如何难知，附近的人家已经深信上述真理，总把 他当作他们之中某个女儿的合法的财产看待。 （王佐良译）英国人读的时候用夸张
她是第一个现实的描绘日常平凡生活中平凡人的 小说家，在英国小说史上起了承上启下的作用。 奥斯汀的小说尽管题材比较狭窄，故事相当平淡， 但她善于在日常平凡事物中塑造鲜明的人物形象， 不论是伊丽莎白，达西那种作者认为值得肯定的 人物，还是魏克翰，柯林斯这类遭到讽刺挖苦的 对象，都写得真实动人。同时，奥斯汀的语言是 经过锤炼的，她在对话艺术上讲究幽默，讽刺， 常以风趣诙谐的语言烘托人物的性格特征。这类 艺术创新使她的作品具有自己的特色。它是文字 魔力结合感情升华的最佳体现。若说《红楼梦》 是东方人的贵妇人，《傲慢与偏见》则是西方的 清秀佳人。
异化：是“译者尽可能不去打扰作者，让读 者向作者靠拢”。在翻译上就是迁就外来文 化的语言特点，吸纳外语表达方式，要求译 者向作者靠拢，采取相应于作者所使用的源 语表达方式，来传达原文的内容，即以目的 语文化为归宿。使用异化策略的目的在于考 虑民族文化的差异性、保存和反映异域民族 特征和语言风格特色，为译文读者保留异国 情调。
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
例：It is a truth universally acknowledged , that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife. However little known the feeling or views of such a man may be on his first entering a neighbourhood ,this truth is so well fixed in the minds of the surrounding families ,that he is considered as the rightful of some one or other of their daughters. a truth universally acknowledged使句子显得 非常正式和庄重但后面跟上in want of a wife 犹如中国的相声，开始虚张声势，最后点 破“包袱”.
张敏版 科技英语阅读教程 英译汉 中文翻译
Unlocking the Climate Puzzle解开气候之谜(1)Life has prospered on this planet for nearly four billion years. In that time, climate had fluctuated drastically, from ice ages lasting tens of thousands of years to epochsof steamy heat. With each change, sundry species have benefited and flourished. Others adapted, faltered, or died. Now, many experts believe, humans are imperiling their own ecological niche with the threat of global warming. The vaporousby-products of civilization, in the form of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (C0₂), have trapped enough heat in the atmosphere to raise Earth's average surface air temperature a half degree Celsius (one degree Fahrenheit) during this century. If the trend continues, it could alter climate patterns worldwide-thawing glaciers, boosting sea level, scorching plains into deserts, and shifting vegetation zones.（1）生命在这个星球上已经发展了近四十亿年。
英语名篇英汉翻译
A Little GirlFrom Alyson by Theodore Watts-DuncanSitting on a grassy, beneath one of the windows of the church, was a little girl. With her head bent back, she was gazing up at the sky and singing, while one of her little hands was pointing to a tiny cloud that hovered like a golden feather above her head. The sun, which had suddenly become very bright, shining on her glossy hair, gave it a metallic luster, and it was difficult to say what was the color, dark bronze or black. So completely absorbed was she in watching the cloud to which her strange song or incantation seemed addressed, that she did not observe me when I rose and went towards her. Over her head, high up in the blue, a lark that was soaring towards the same gauzy cloud was singing, as if in rivalry. As I slowly approached the child, I could see by her forehead, which in the sunshine seemed like a globe of pearl, and especially by her complexion, that she was uncommonly lovely. Her eyes, which at one moment seemed blue-gray, at another violet, were shaded by long black lashes, curving backward in a most peculiar way, and these matched in hue her eyebrows, and the tresses that were tossed about her tender throat and were quivering in the sunlight. All this I did not take in at once; for at first I could see nothing but those quivering, glittering, changeful eyes turned up into my face. Gradually the other features, especially the sensitive full-lipped mouth, grew upon me as I stood silently gazing. Here seemed to me a more perfect beauty than had ever come to me in my overset dreams of beauty. Yet it was not her beauty so much as the look she gave me that fascinated me, melted me.【注释】with her head bent back: with +名词或代词宾格+分词(或形容词、介词短语等)作状语，表示伴随情况。
研究生英语综合教程UNIT3课文及翻译(含汉译英英译汉)PDF版
UNIT 31. Most Americans would have a difficult time telling you, specifically, what the values are that Americans live by. They have never given the matter much thought.2. Even if Americans had considered this question, they would probably, in the end, decide not to answer in terms of a definitive list of values. The reason for this decision is itself one very American value —their belief that every individual is so unique that the same list of values could never be applied to all, or even most, of their fellow citizens.3. Although Americans may think of themselves as being more varied and unpredictable than they actually are, it is significant that they think they are. Americans tend to think they have been only slightly influenced by family, church or schools. In the end, each believes, “I personally chose which values I want to live my own life by.”4. The different behaviors of a people or a culture make sense only when seen through the basic beliefs, assumptions and values of that particular group. When you encounter an action, or hear a statement in the United States that surprises you, try to see it as an expression of one or more of the values listed here.5. Before proceeding to the list itself, we should also point out that Americans see all of these values as very positive ones. They are not aware, for example, that the people in many Third World countries view some of these values as negative or threatening.In fact, all of these American values are judged by many of the world’s citizens as negative and undesirable. Therefore, it is not enough simply to familiarize yourself with these values. You must also, so far as possible, consider them without the negative or derogatory connotation that they might have for you, based on your own experience and cultural identity.Personal Control over the Environment6. Americans no longer believe in the power of Fate, and they have come to look at people who do as being backward, primitive, or hopelessly naive. To be called “fatalistic” is one of the worst criticisms one can receive in the American context; to an American, it means one is superstitious and lazy, unwilling to take any initiative in bringing about improvement.7. In the United States, people consider it normal and right that Man should control Nature, rather than the other way around. More specifically, people believe every single individual should have control over whatever in the environment might potentially affect him or her. 1.大多数美国人在谈起其赖以生存的价值观时会感到力不从心。
全新版大学英语5(第二版)UNIT 1-7课文翻译英汉对照
UNIT 1 One Writer’s Beginnings1 I learned from the age of two or three that any room in our house, at any time of day, was there to read in, or to be read to. My mother read to me. She’d read to me in the big bedroom in the mornings, when we were in her rocker together, which ticked in rhythm as we rocked, as though we had a cricket accompanying the story. She’d read to me in the dining room on winter afternoons in front of the coal fire, with our cuckoo clock ending the story with “Cuckoo,”and at night when I’d got in my own bed. I must have given her no peace. Sometimes she read to me in the kitchen while she sat churning, and the churning sobbed along with any story. It was my ambition to have her read to me while I churned; once she granted my wish, but she read off my story before I brought her butter. She was an expressive reader. When she was reading “Puss in Boots,” for instance, it was impossible not to know that she distrusted all cats.我从两三岁起就知道，家中随便在哪个房间里，白天无论在什么时间，都可以念书或听人念书。
卡特福德翻译转换理论下英文小说的汉译研究
卡特福德翻译转换理论下英文小说的汉译研究摘要：欧·亨利的短篇小说举世闻名，《麦琪的礼物》就是其代表作之一。
本文试从卡特福德翻译转换理论视角，分析潘明元的翻译版本中翻译转换的运用。
通过分析发现，潘用了结构转换、词类转换和单位转换，以求达到自然流畅的翻译效果。
关键词：卡特福德；翻译转换；《麦琪的礼物》；范畴转换1965年，英国翻译家卡特福德在《翻译的语言学理论》一书中提出了“翻译转换”这一概念。
包括层次转换和范畴转换。
范畴转换指翻译时形式对等发生偏离。
包括结构转换、词类转换、单位转换和内部体系转换。
英译汉中前三种转换较为常见。
本文以潘明元翻译的《麦琪的礼物》为语料，浅析英文小说的汉译过程中翻译转换的运用。
一、结构转换结构转换（Structure Shifts）在翻译过程中是最常见的，因为它可以发生在所有层级上。
为了达到更好的翻译效果，英译汉过程中的结构转换是不可避免得。
如将被动语态变为主动语态，将否定句变为肯定句等等。
这样的转换可以使翻译更自然也更流畅。
从被动语态变为主动语态的例子如下。
The “Dillingham” had been flung to the breeze du ring a former period of prosperity when its possessor was being paid $30 per week.“迪林厄姆” 这个名号是主人先前春风得意之际，一时兴起加上去的，那时候他每星期挣三十美元。
被动语态在英文中的使用比较广泛。
当作者不想提及施动者、不知道施动者是谁、或没有必要提及施动者时，就会采用被动语态。
在这里，核心信息是主人每星期工作所得为30美元。
那时他满足于自己的工资，而且可以过得很幸福。
我们并不关心谁是他的老板，谁付工钱给他。
汉译本没有采用“被”去翻译这句话，用了“挣”即“pay”的反义词，将被动语态变为主动语态。
结构转换不仅使句子符合中文的习惯，而且达到了比较好的翻译效果。
研究生英语综合教程UNIT8课文及翻译(含汉译英英译汉)
UNIT81. In the last year, MOOCs have gotten a tremendous amount of publicity. Last November, the New York Times decided that 2012 was “the Year of the MOOC,” and columnists like David Brooks and Thomas Friedman have proclaimed ad nausea that the MOOC “revolution” is a “tsunami” that will soon transform higher education. As a Time cover article on MOOCs put it — in a rhetorical flourish that has become a truly dead cliché — “College is Dead. Long Live College!”2. Where is the hype coming from? On the one hand, higher education is ripe for “disruption” — to use Clayton Christensen’s theory of “disruptive innovation” — because there is a real, systemic crisis in higher education, one that offers no apparent or immanent solution. It’s hard to imagine how the status quo can survive if you extend current trends forward into the future: how does higher education as we know it continue if tuition fees and student debt continue to skyrocket while state funding continues to plunge? At what point does the system simply break down? Something has to give.3.At the same time, the speed at which an obscure form of non-credit-based online pedagogy has gone so massively mainstream demonstrates the level of investment that a variety of powerful people and institutions have made in it. The MOOC revolution, if it comes, will not be the result of a groundswell of dissatisfaction felicitously finding a technology that naturally solves problems, nor some version of the market’s invisible hand. It’s a tsunami powered by the interested speculation of interested parties in a particular industry. MOOCs are, and will be, big business, and the way that their makers see profitability at the end of the tunnel is what gives them their particular shape.4. After all, when the term itself was coined in 2008 — MOOC, for Massively Open Online Course — it described a rather different kind of project. Dave Cormier suggested the name for an experiment in open courseware that George Siemens and Stephen Downes were putting together at the University of Manitoba, a class of 25 students that was opened up to over 1,500 online participants. The tsunami that made land in 2012 bears almost no resemblance to that relatively small — and very differently organized — effort at a blended classroom.For Cormier, Siemens, and Downes, the first MOOC was part of a long-running engagement with connectivist principles of education, the idea that we learn best when we learn collaboratively, in networks, because the process of learning is less about acquiring new knowledge “content” than about building the social and neural connections that will 1. 去年，“大规模在线开放课程”得到了广泛的宣传。
研究生英语综合教程UNIT4课文及翻译(含汉译英英译汉)
UNIT41. Think for a moment about your own life — the activities of your day, the possessions you enjoy, the surroundings in which you live. Is there anything you don’t have at this moment that you would like to have? Anything that you have, but that you would like more of? If your answer is “no,” then congratulations — either you are well advanced on the path of Zen self-denial, or else you are a close relative of Ted Turner . The rest of us, however, would benefit from an increase in our material standard of living. This simple truth is at the very core of economics. It can be restated this way: we all face the problem of scarcity.2 Almost everything in your daily life is scarce. You would benefit from a larger room or apartment, so you have a scarcity of space. You have only two pairs of shoes and could use a third for hiking; you have a scarcity of shoes. You would love to take a trip to Chicago, but it is difficult for you to find the time or the money to go — trips to Chicago are scarce.3 Because of scarcity, each of us is forced to make choices. We must allocate our scarce time to different activities: work, play, education, sleep, shopping, and more. We must allocate our scarce spending power among different goods and services: food, furniture, movies, long-distance phone calls, and many others.4 Economists study the choices we make as individuals and how those choices shape our economy. For example, the goods that each of us decides to buy ultimately determine which goods business firms will produce. This, in turn, explains which firms and industries will hire new workers and which will lay them off.5. Economists also study the more subtle and indirect effects of individual choice on our society. Will most Americans continue to live in houses, or — like Europeans will most of us end up in apartments? Will we have an educated and well-informed citizenry? Will museums and libraries be forced to close down? Will traffic congestion in our cities continue to worsen, or is there relief in sight? These questions hinge, in large part, on the separate decisions of millions of people. To answer them requires an understanding of how people make choices under conditions of scarcity.6. Think for a moment about the goals of our society. We want a high standard of living for all citizens: clean air, safe streets, and good schools. What is holding us back from accomplishing all of these goals in a way that would satisfy everyone? You probably already know the answer: scarcity. 1. 想一想你的生活：你每天从事的活动，你所拥有的财产，你所居住的环境。
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修辞格的广泛运用
修辞格多，语言更生动
Joe, a clumsy and timid horseman, did not look to advantage in the saddle, look at him, Amelia dear, driving in to the parlor windows. Such a bull in china shop, never saw. (Vanity Fair) 译文：乔胆子小，骑术又拙，骑在鞍上老不像样。“爱米丽亚，亲爱的， 快看，他骑到人家客厅的窗子里去了。我一辈子没见过这样儿， 大公 牛闯到瓷器店去了。” （杨毕 译）
原著、源语文化
表现于
翻译结果
表现于
翻 译 研 究
译
本
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读者期待对英语小说汉译的影响
读者的反映呈现多元化的特点，而毫无疑问，读者的阅读期待会 反映到译者的翻译过程上，例如采取什么样的翻译策略。是归化 还是异化？ 归化：是要把源语本土化，以目标语或译文读者为归宿，采取目 标语读者所习惯的表达方式来传达原文的内容。归化翻译要求译 者向目的语的读者靠拢，译者必须像本国作者那样说话，原作者 要想和读者直接对话，译作必须变成地道的本国语言。归化翻译 有助于读者更好地理解译文，增强译文的可读性和欣赏性。 异化：是“译者尽可能不去打扰作者，让读者向作者靠拢”。在 翻译上就是迁就外来文化的语言特点，吸纳外语表达方式，要求 译者向作者靠拢，采取相应于作者所使用的源语表达方式，来传 达原文的内容，即以目的语文化为归宿。使用异化策略的目的在 于考虑民族文化的差异性、保存和反映异域民族特征和语言风格 特色，为译文读者保留异国情调。
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语言的形象性
多用限定词，修饰词
She was of a helpless, fleshy build, with a frank, open countenance and an innocent, different manner. Her eyes were large and patient, and in term dwelt such a shadow of distress as only those who have looked sympathetically into the countenances of the distraught and helpless poor know anything about. (Jennie Gerhardt by Theodore Dreiser ) 译文： 那妇人生了一副绵软多肉的性格，一张坦率开诚的面容，一种天真羞 怯的神气，一双大落落的柔顺眼睛，里边隐藏着无穷的心事，只有那些对于 凄惶无告的穷苦人面目作过同情观察的人才看得出来。（傅东华 译）
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社会文化条件对英语小说汉译的影响
BOOK SECOND THE FALL I THE NIGHT OF A DAY’S TRAMP
An hour before sunset, on the evening of a day in the beginning of October, 1815, a man travelling a foot entered the little town of D---. The few persons who at this time were at their windows or their doors regarded this traveler with a sort of distrust. It would have been hard to find a passer—by more wretched in appearance. He was a man of middle height, stout and hardy, in the strength of maturity; he might have been 46 or 47 years old. A slouched leather cap half hid his face, bronzed by the sun and wind, and dripping with sweat. 译文： 第一回 太尼城行人落魄 苦巴官店主无情
*Dat=that
Chile=child
En=and
ain’=ain’t=are not
Drownded= drowned you’s=you are Lemme=let me o’=of
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人物语言的个性化
与人物的身份，地位，性格吻合
“I shall hate you till I die, you cad-you lowdown-low-down-" what words was the words she wanted? She could not think of any word bad enough. (Mitchell, 1974) 译文：“我要恨你一辈子，你这混蛋-你这下流-下流-”她要用个最恶毒的字 眼，可是怎么也想不起来。“ （戴偘等译，1990）
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人物语言的个性化
与人物的身份，地位，性格吻合
“
“Hello, Jim, have I been asleep? Why didn’t you stir me up?
“Goodness gracious, is dat you, Huck? En you ain’dead -you ain’ drownded-you’s back again? It’s too good for true, honey, it is too good for true. Lemme look at you, chile, lemme feel o’you…” （the Adventures of Huckleberry )
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语言的形象性
多用限定词，修饰词
The small locomotive engine, Number 4, came clanking, stumbling down from Sleston with seven full wagons.
(The Odor of Chrysanthemums) D.H. 劳伦斯 译文：4号小火车的车头拖着7节装满货物的车厢，从赛尔斯顿方向跌跌撞撞 地开了过来，一路上发出叮叮咣咣的声响。
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复杂多变的句式
小说叙述为了打破沉闷，使文字生动活泼，常在句式上做文章，如 长短句的结合，圆周句与松散句的迭用等等。这些多变的句式造成了语 言的跌宕起伏、灵活多变。当然，也有一些作家因个人的语言习惯或为 求得某一特定的艺术效果而采用相对单一的句式，但这种情况似并不多 见。
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影响英语小说汉译的因素
☺
英语小说汉译
英语小说的文体特点
影响英语小说汉译的因素
英语小说汉译应注意的几个方面
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英语小说的文体特点
特点一
语言的形象性
特点二 特点三
人物语言的个性化
修辞格的广泛应用
复杂多变的句式
特点四
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语言的形象性
用词的精准、多变
One day she was pink and flawless; another pale and tragical. When she was pink she was felling less than when pale; her more perfect beauty accorded with her less elevated mood; her more intense mood with her less perfect beauty. (Tess of the d’ Urbervilles) 译文：今天光艳照人，白玉无瑕；明天却又沮丧苍白，满面苍凉。 鲜艳往往出自于无忧；而苍白总是由于多愁。胸中没了思虑她便 美丽无暇，一旦犯愁涌起，便又容色憔悴。（孙法理译）
Snicker 忍笑，暗笑；
Roar 哄笑，大笑 Simper 假笑，痴笑，傻笑；
Force a smile 苦笑；
Squeeze a smile 强颜欢笑； Conjure up a smile 满脸堆笑；
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语言的形象性
用词的精准、多变
看 Glance 一撇，掠过；
Look 看，瞧； Gaze 凝视，注视； View 看，审视； Scan 浏览，扫看；
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修辞格的广泛运用
修辞格多，语言更生动
The pit bank loomed up beyond the pond, flames like red sores licking its ashy sides, in the afternoon’s stagnant light.
( Odor of chrysanthemums)
原著和 源语文化
读者 译者和译 语文化
翻译过程和翻译结果是两个重要的翻译因素。决定了在英语小说中译什么，如何译的 问题。而影响翻译过程和翻译结果的因素不外乎原著和原语文化、译者、译语文化和 读者。
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影响英语小说汉译的因素
原著、源语文化
作用或影响
翻译过程 译 者
作用或影响
译语读者、 文化 译语读者、 文化
行业PPT模板：/hangye/ PPT素材下载：/sucai/ PPT图表下载：/tubiao/ PPT教程： /powerpoint/ Excel教程：/excel/
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yammer哭泣叹息；
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语言的形象性
用词的精准、多变
笑
smile 微笑； Laugh 出声地笑； Giggle 咯咯地笑，傻笑； Grin 露齿而笑； Chuckle 含笑，轻声笑；
Give a soft smile 莞尔一笑； Give a charming smile 嫣然一笑； Give a faint smile 淡淡一笑； Smile from ear to ear 满面笑容； Be radiant with smile 笑容可掬；