美国文学 the black cat
从各个角度分析的爱伦坡的黑猫
黑猫写的是一个人由于酗酒从善良变得暴躁，将他原本珍爱的黑猫普路托剜去了眼睛，黑猫从此对他敬而远之，在这里爱伦·坡有一段话是这样的：“我毕竟天良未泯，因此最初看见过去如此热爱我的畜生竟这样嫌恶我，不免感到伤心。
但是这股伤心之感一下子就变为恼怒了。
到后来，那股邪念又上升了，终于害得我一发不可收拾。
关于这种邪念，哲学上并没有重视。
不过我深信不疑，这种邪念是人心本能的一股冲动，是一种微乎其微的原始功能，或者说是情绪，人类性格就由它来决定。
谁没有在无意中多次干下坏事或蠢事呢？而且这样干时无缘无故，心里明知干不得而偏要干。
哪怕我们明知这样干犯法，我们不是还会无视自己看到的后果，有股拼命想去以身试法的邪念吗？”然后，此人将黑猫吊死在树枝上，当晚，这人家里起火，烧得家财散尽，只有一面白墙壁不倒，上面有一层浅浮雕，赫然是一只猫，脖子上还挂着绳索。
他虽然用科学向自己解释了一通，但还是心存害怕，后来又从酒吧带回了一只与普路托相似的猫，这猫被带回家的第二天就不知被谁剜掉了一只眼睛，这使得他对这猫又深恶痛绝又害怕。
一天他失手杀死了自己的妻子，然后想出了一个绝妙的隐藏尸体的方法——把尸体砌进墙壁。
之后他发现黑猫竟同时不见了，心里充满了恐惧，在警察搜查他的家时，墙壁里发出了猫叫，原来他在慌乱中将猫与尸体一起砌进了墙壁。
之所以如此详细地讲述情节是因为这篇小说写出了一连贯的潜意识，由于酗酒而暴躁，由暴躁而愧疚，由愧疚而恼怒，由恼怒而恶向胆边生，而后又由于愧疚而恐惧，由于恐惧而又暴躁，总之心理描写层层推进，丝丝入扣。
犯罪冲动型小说黑猫The Black Cat：男人虐猫后的心路历程。
埃德加·爱伦·坡189-1849是美国著名的短篇小说家、诗人、评论家和散文家。
他一生共创作了六七十部优秀的短篇小说被文学界誉为美国“短篇小说之父”在美国文学史上占有不可替代的重要地位。
爱伦·坡短篇小说批判继承了哥特式小说的要素并在承袭的基础上成功地将哥特式小说中由外部气氛引起的感官恐怖向内转创造出一种全新的恐怖———心灵的恐怖提升了恐怖的审美价值。
美国各文学时期重要作家及其主要作品
美国各文学时期重要作家及其主要作品美国文学的发展历史虽然只有200多年，但是它在这段时间里所取得的成就却是十分辉煌的。
美国文学业已形成的民族性、时代性和社会性，使它成为世界文学的重要组成部分。
美国文学的发展和美国历史的发展几乎是平行的。
美国殖民主义时期三个代表诗人1.安妮·布雷兹特里特Anne Bradstreet （1612-1672）美国第一位作品得以发表的女诗人。
她出生于英格兰，1630年时随父亲和丈夫来到北美马萨诸塞湾殖民地。
诗的风格与同时代的英国诗人John Donne、Edward Taylor有相似之处。
她最著名的诗集是《第十位缪斯》(The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung up in America,1650)，这也是她生前出版的唯一诗集。
一般认为，她最优秀的诗作，主要收录于她去世后由罗杰斯选编的《布雷兹特里特诗集》(Several Poems 1678)。
《写在我家失火之际》On the Burning of Our House）反映出殖民时期生活的侧面，《灵与肉》（The Flesh and the Spirit）向读者展示了作为一名虔诚的清教徒，在面临新大陆恶劣的生存环境时，诗人内心深处肉体与灵魂、世俗与信仰之间的斗争。
2.爱德华·泰勒(Edward Taylor，1644?-1729年)美国清教派牧师和诗人。
他被公认为美国19世纪前最重要的诗人。
在他有生之年仅发表过两首诗歌，直到1937年人们研究他的手稿时才认识到他那虔诚的诗歌的优美绝伦。
像约翰·多恩和乔治·赫伯特以及其他英国玄学派诗人一样，泰勒擅长运用精心选择的暗喻和丰富而唯美的比喻，也采用日常生活中的寻常措辞和比喻。
《爱德华·泰勒诗集》(1939年)收录了他的杰作，包括写于约1685年的《上帝对其选民有影响的决定》，和写于1682-1726年的《内省录》（Preparatory Meditation）中的部分。
the black cat 读后感英文
the black cat 读后感英文（中英文版）After immersing myself in the chilling narrative of "The Black Cat" by Edgar Allan Poe, I was struck by the profound darkness and psychological depth that permeate the tale.The story, laced with a sense of guilt and horror, left an indelible mark on my mind, prompting me to reflect on the intricate relationship between man"s actions and their consequences.在阅读爱伦坡的《黑猫》这部充满寒意的小说后，我被其中深邃的黑暗和心理深度深深吸引。
这个故事，交织着罪恶感和恐怖气息，给我的心灵留下了难以磨灭的印记，促使我思考人类行为与其后果之间错综复杂的关系。
The protagonist"s descent into madness is a testament to the corrupting influence of guilt.Poe"s vivid descriptions of the cat"s eyes, glinting with a malevolent shine, serve as a mirror to the inner turmoil of the protagonist.It"s a harrowing exploration of how the mind can become a prisoner of its own making.主人公走向疯狂的历程，证明了罪恶感的腐蚀性影响。
the black cat英语读后感
Reflections on "The Black Cat""The Black Cat" by Edgar Allan Poe is a tale of guilt, madness, and the supernatural. It weaves a nightmarish narrative around a man's relationship with his pet, a black cat, and the series of tragic events that follow his ill-fated decisions.The story that resonated most with me was the moment when the protagonist, in a fit of rage, blinded the cat. This act of violence, driven by his own insanity and paranoia, highlights the destructive nature of unchecked anger and the consequences of abusing those we love. It reminded me of the importance of controlling my emotions and treating others, especially those closest to me, with kindness and patience.Reading "The Black Cat" was an emotionally charged experience. It left me feeling unsettled, yet fascinated by Poe's mastery of psychological terror. The story forced me to reflect on my own behavior and the choices I make when faced with adversity. It taught me the value of empathy and compassion, warning me of the consequences of ignoring my own darkness.As a young reader, "The Black Cat" has had a profound impact on my thinking and values. It reminds me that every action has consequences and that it is crucial to be mindful of my actions and their potential to harm others. Poe's storytelling has taught me to embrace the complexity of human nature and to question the narratives we are told, seeking truth and understanding beyond the surface.In conclusion, "The Black Cat" is a literary masterpiece that captures the essence of human psychosis and the horror that lies within. Poe's talent for evoking both fear and curiosity in his readers is unparalleled. This story has left me with a deeper understanding of the darker sides of humanity and a renewed commitment totreat others with kindness and respect.。
the black cat读后感
the black cat读后感爱伦·坡的就像一场奇异的噩梦，让我在阅读的过程中，心一直被揪着，仿佛被一只无形的手拽进了那个充满诡异和惊悚的世界。
故事里的主人公原本是个善良、喜爱动物的人，家里养着好多宠物，其中那只黑猫“普路托”最得他的欢心。
这黑猫又大又漂亮，聪明伶俐，跟主人亲昵得不得了。
主人公走到哪儿，它就跟到哪儿，要么在脚边蹭来蹭去，要么跳上他的膝盖撒娇。
可后来，主人公染上了酗酒的恶习，脾气变得越来越暴躁，对身边的一切都失去了耐心，包括他曾经心爱的黑猫。
有一天晚上，他醉醺醺地回到家，黑猫不小心挡了他的路，他竟然怒火中烧，拿起一把斧子就砍向了黑猫。
可怜的黑猫，一只眼睛就这样被他弄瞎了。
从那以后，黑猫看见他就躲得远远的，眼神里充满了恐惧和哀怨。
但主人公并没有因此而感到愧疚，反而觉得黑猫的存在让他心烦意乱。
不久之后，家里又出现了一只跟普路托长得几乎一模一样的黑猫，只是胸口多了块白色的斑纹。
奇怪的是，这只新黑猫对主人公似乎并不害怕，反而总是在他面前晃悠。
主人公心里莫名地升起一股厌恶，总觉得这只猫是来报复他的。
一天，他带着黑猫去地下室干活。
黑猫不知怎么的，一直紧紧地跟着他，还差点把他绊倒。
主人公的怒火瞬间被点燃，他想抓住黑猫，把它绑在墙上惩罚一下。
可没想到，黑猫在挣扎的时候，竟然咬了他一口。
这下可好，主人公彻底失去了理智，他拿起一把刀，狠狠地刺向了黑猫的脖子。
黑猫挣扎了几下，就没了动静。
主人公把黑猫的尸体砌进了墙里。
可没过多久，他的家里就发生了一系列离奇的事情。
先是他在睡觉的时候，总觉得有什么东西在挠墙。
接着，他在房子里经常听到诡异的叫声。
更可怕的是，有一天晚上，他家突然着火了，虽然火被扑灭了，但墙上却出现了一个黑猫的形状。
主人公的内心充满了恐惧和不安，他觉得自己被黑猫的鬼魂缠上了。
最终，他在警察的盘问下，精神崩溃，坦白了自己的罪行。
读完这个故事，我心里有种说不出的滋味。
主人公从一个善良的人变成了一个残忍的凶手，这一切都是因为酒精的侵蚀和他无法控制自己的情绪。
The Black Cat 爱伦坡
Illustration for "The Black Cat" by Aubrey Beardsley
At an early age the narrator has loved animals. He and his wife have many pets, including a large, beautiful black named Pluto. Unluckily, the narrator becomes an alcoholic. One night, he gouges out the cat's eye. And later the cat is hanged. Some time later, the narrator takes a similar cat home. However, he hurts the cat again and kills his wife in a quarral. To conceal her body he removes bricks from a protrusion in the wall, places her body there, and repairs the hole. Until a loud inhuman wailing sound fills the room, the narrator is arrested.
Diverse word choice
1. Expressions such as “apparition,” “vile haunts,” and “fiendish malevolence” were added for atmosphere.
2. Another way that Poe used word choice was with synonyms. The cat was not only the “black cat,” it was the “playmate,” the “beast,” the “brute,” the “apparition,” and the “monster.”
The Black Cat 原典阅读
The Black CatEdgar Allan Poe 1FOR the most wild, yet most homely narrative which I am about to pen, I neither expect nor solicit belief. Mad indeed would I be to expect it, in a case where my very senses reject their own evidence. Yet, mad am I not -- and very surely do I not dream. But to-morrow I die, and to-day I would unburthen my soul. My immediate purpose is to place before the world, plainly, succinctly, and without comment, a series of mere household events. In their consequences, these events have terrified -- have tortured -- have destroyed me. Yet I will not attempt to expound them. To me, they have presented little but Horror -- to many they will seem less terrible than barroques. Hereafter, perhaps, some intellect may be found which will reduce my phantasm to the common-place -- some intellect more calm, more logical, and far less excitable than my own, which will perceive, in the circumstances I detail with awe, nothing more than an ordinary succession of very natural causes and effects.2From my infancy I was noted for the docility and humanity of my disposition. My tenderness of heart was even so conspicuous as to make me the jest of my companions. I was especially fond of animals, and was indulged by my parents with a great variety of pets. With these I spent most of my time, and never was so happy as when feeding and caressing them. This peculiarity of character grew with my growth, and, in my manhood, I derived from it one of my principal sources of pleasure. To those who have cherished an affection for a faithful and sagacious dog, I need hardly be at the trouble of explaining the nature or the intensity of the gratification thus derivable. There is something in the unselfish and self-黑猫埃德加·爱伦·坡homely adj.平凡的；朴素的unburthen vt. 使……安生succinctly adv.简洁地expound vt.解释；阐述baroque n.巴洛克作品，这里指「奇谈」phantasm n.幻象；幻觉succession n.继承顺序，自然演替docility n.温驯humanity n.仁爱；人道disposition n.性情；性格；气质conspicuous adj.显眼的jest n.笑话；笑柄caress vt.爱抚；抚摸sagacious adj.聪明的；精明的gratification n.满足；满意derivable adj.可引出的；可诱导的- 1 -sacrificing love of a brute, which goes directly to the heart of him who has had frequent occasion to test the paltry friendship and gossamer fidelity of mere Man.3I married early, and was happy to find in my wife a disposition not uncongenial with my own. Observing my partiality for domestic pets, she lost no opportunity of procuring those of the most agreeable kind. We had birds, gold-fish, a fine dog, rabbits, a small monkey, and a cat.4This latter was a remarkably large and beautiful animal, entirely black, and sagacious to an astonishing degree. In speaking of his intelligence, my wife, who at heart was not a little tinctured with superstition, made frequent allusion to the ancient popular notion, which regarded all black cats as witches in disguise. Not that she was ever serious upon this point -- and I mention the matter at all for no better reason than that it happens, just now, to be remembered.5Pluto -- this was the cat's name -- was my favorite pet and playmate. I alone fed him, and he attended me wherever I went about the house. It was even with difficulty that I could prevent him from following me through the streets.6Our friendship lasted, in this manner, for several years, during which my general temperament and character -- through the instrumentality of the Fiend Intemperance -- had (I blush to confess it) experienced a radical alteration for the worse. I grew, day by day, more moody, more irritable, more regardless of the feelings of others. I suffered myself to use intemperate language to my wife. At length, I even offered her personal violence. My pets, of course, were made to feel the change in my disposition. I not only neglected, but ill-used them. For Pluto, however, I still retained sufficient regard to paltry n.微不足道的；毫无价值的gossamer adj.轻而薄的；虚无飘渺的uncongenial adj.志趣不相投的tincture vt. 使……染上颜色allusion n. 影射；暗指attend vt.陪伴；伴随the Fiend Intemperance 恶魔的放纵moody adj.喜怒无常的；情绪多变的irritable adj.易怒的；急躁的intemperate adj.无节制的；放纵的- 2 -restrain me from maltreating him, as I made no scruple of maltreating the rabbits, the monkey, or even the dog, when by accident, or through affection, they came in my way. But my disease grew upon me -- for what disease is like Alcohol! -- and at length even Pluto, who was now becoming old, and consequently somewhat peevish -- even Pluto began to experience the effects of my ill temper. 7One night, returning home, much intoxicated, from one of my haunts about town, I fancied that the cat avoided my presence. I seized him; when, in his fright at my violence, he inflicted a slight wound upon my hand with his teeth. The fury of a demon instantly possessed me. I knew myself no longer. My original soul seemed, at once, to take its flight from my body; and a more than fiendish malevolence, gin-nurtured, thrilled every fibre of my frame. I took from my waistcoat-pocket a pen-knife, opened it, grasped the poor beast by the throat, and deliberately cut one of its eyes from the socket! I blush, I burn, I shudder, while I pen the damnable atrocity. 8When reason returned with the morning -- when I had slept off the fumes of the night's debauch -- I experienced a sentiment half of horror, half of remorse, for the crime of which I had been guilty; but it was, at best, a feeble and equivocal feeling, and the soul remained untouched. I again plunged into excess, and soon drowned in wine all memory of the deed.9In the meantime the cat slowly recovered. The socket of the lost eye presented, it is true, a frightful appearance, but he no longer appeared to suffer any pain. He went about the house as usual, but, as might be expected, fled in extreme terror at my approach. I had so much of my old heart left, as to be at first grieved by this evident dislike on the part of a creature which had once so loved me. But this feeling soon gave place to irritation. And then came, as if to my final maltreat vt.虐待scruple n. 顾忌；良心上的不安Pluto这个名字有什么含义？peevish adj.脾气坏的intoxicated adj. 醉醺醺的fury n.狂怒；暴怒demon n.恶魔malevolence n.恶意gin-nurtured adj.酒性大发的thrill vt.使……激动damnable adj.极坏的atrocity n.暴行；凶残fume n.愤怒；烦恼debauch n.放纵，这里意为「罪孽」sentiment n.情绪；多愁善感remorse adj. 悔恨；自责feeble adj.虚弱的；衰弱的equivocal adj.模糊的grieve vt.使……伤心- 3 -and irrevocable overthrow, the spirit of PERVERSENESS. Of this spirit philosophy takes no account. Yet I am not more sure that my soul lives, than I am that perverseness is one of the primitive impulses of the human heart -- one of the indivisible primary faculties, or sentiments, which give direction to the character of Man. Who has not, a hundred times, found himself committing a vile or a silly action, for no other reason than because he knows he should not? Have we not a perpetual inclination, in the teeth of our best judgment, to violate that which is Law, merely because we understand it to be such? This spirit of perverseness, I say, came to my final overthrow. It was this unfathomable longing of the soul to vex itself -- to offer violence to its own nature -- to do wrong for the wrong's sake only -- that urged me to continue and finally to consummate the injury I had inflicted upon the unoffending brute. One morning, in cool blood, I slipped a noose about its neck and hung it to the limb of a tree; -- hung it with the tears streaming from my eyes, and with the bitterest remorse at my heart; -- hung it because I knew that it had loved me, and because I felt it had given me no reason of offence; -- hung it because I knew that in so doing I was committing a sin -- a deadly sin that would so jeopardize my immortal soul as to place it -- if such a thing were possible -- even beyond the reach of the infinite mercy of the Most Merciful and Most Terrible God.10On the night of the day on which this cruel deed was done, I was aroused from sleep by the cry of fire. The curtains of my bed were in flames. The whole house was blazing. It was with great difficulty that my wife, a servant, and myself, made our escape from the conflagration. The destruction was complete. My entire worldly wealth was swallowed up, and I resigned myself thenceforward to irrevocable adj. 不可改变的；不能挽回的overthrow n.征服；打倒perverseness n. 邪恶vile adj.恶劣的，这里活用作名词「恶事」perpetual adj.永恒的；永久性inclination n. 倾向；爱好unfathomable adj.高深莫测的，难以了解的vex vt. 使……烦恼；使……苦恼consummate vt.使……完成noose n. 套索jeopardize vt.危机；损害conflagration n.大火resign oneself to 听从；顺从thenceforward adv.从那以后- 4 -- 5 -despair.11 I am above the weakness of seeking to establish a sequence ofcause and effect, between the disaster and the atrocity. But I am detailing a chain of facts -- and wish not to leave even a possible link imperfect. On the day succeeding the fire, I visited the ruins. The walls, with one exception, had fallen in. This exception was found in a compartment wall, not very thick, which stood about the middle of the house, and against which had rested the head of my bed. The plastering had here, in great measure, resisted the action of the fire -- a fact which I attributed to its having been recently spread. About this wall a dense crowd were collected, and many persons seemed to be examining a particular portion of it with very minute and eager attention. The words "strange!" "singular!" and other similar expressions, excited my curiosity. I approached and saw, as if gravenin bas relief upon the white surface, the figure of a gigantic cat. The impression was given with an accuracy truly marvellous. There was a rope about the animal's neck. 12 When I first beheld this apparition -- for I could scarcely regardit as less -- my wonder and my terror were extreme. But at length reflection came to my aid. The cat, I remembered, had been hung ina garden adjacent to the house. Upon the alarm of fire, this garden had been immediately filled by the crowd -- by some one of whomthe animal must have been cut from the tree and thrown, through an open window, into my chamber. This had probably been done withthe view of arousing me from sleep. The falling of other walls had compressed the victim of my cruelty into the substance of thefreshly-spread plaster; the lime of which, with the flames, and the ammonia from the carcass , had then accomplished the portraiture asI saw it.plastering n. 石膏工艺grave vi. 雕刻bas relief 基线浮雕gigantic adj. 巨大的；庞大的behold vt. 看到；注释at length 终于adjacent adj. 相邻的；邻近的compress vt. 压缩；压紧ammonia n. 氨气carcass n. （动物的）尸体13Although I thus readily accounted to my reason, if not altogether to my conscience, for the startling fact just detailed, it did not the less fail to make a deep impression upon my fancy. For months I couldnot rid myself of the phantasm of the cat; and, during this period, there came back into my spirit a half-sentiment that seemed, but was not, remorse. I went so far as to regret the loss of the animal, and to look about me, among the vile haunts which I now habitually frequented, for another pet of the same species, and of somewhat similar appearance, with which to supply its place.14One night as I sat, half stupified, in a den of more than infamy, my attention was suddenly drawn to some black object, reposing upon the head of one of the immense hogsheads of Gin, or of Rum, which constituted the chief furniture of the apartment. I had been looking steadily at the top of this hogshead for some minutes, and what now caused me surprise was the fact that I had not sooner perceived the object thereupon. I approached it, and touched it with my hand. It was a black cat -- a very large one -- fully as large as Pluto, and closely resembling him in every respect but one. Pluto had not a white hair upon any portion of his body; but this cat had a large, although indefinite splotch of white, covering nearly the whole region of the breast.15Upon my touching him, he immediately arose, purred loudly, rubbed against my hand, and appeared delighted with my notice. This, then, was the very creature of which I was in search. I at once offered to purchase it of the landlord; but this person made no claim to it -- knew nothing of it -- had never seen it before.16I continued my caresses, and, when I prepared to go home, the animal evinced a disposition to accompany me. I permitted it to do rid oneself of 摆脱请仔细分析此处叙述者的心理活动和情感变化。
the black cat黑猫PPT课件
• (5) On October 7, 1849, at age 40, Poe died in Baltimore
2
Personal life
• (1) His childhood was a miserable one. He lost both of his parents when he was very young and then he was adopted by a wealthy merchant: John Allan. Poe’s relation with the Allans was unhappy.
• (2) He entered University of Virginia and then West Point but did not finish.
• (3) He worked as editor and writer most of his life and he was always poor.
5
Short Stories
1 MS. Found in a Bottle (1833)
《瓶中手稿》
2 Tales of the Grotesque and the Arabesque (1839) 《荒诞
奇异的故事》
3 The Murders in the Rueatures of his works
• a. Gothic elements (terror and romance) • b. Deep analysis of human psychology (He
艾伦坡《黑猫》作文梗概范文
艾伦坡《黑猫》作文梗概范文英文版"The Black Cat" is a short story written by Edgar Allan Poe. It tells the tale of a man who becomes increasingly disturbed by his own actions, leading to a tragic conclusion.The story begins with the narrator explaining how he was once a kind and gentle person who loved animals. However, as he descended into alcoholism, he became more violent and abusive towards his wife and pets. His favorite pet was a black cat named Pluto, whom he adored. But one night, in a fit of rage, he blinded the cat in one eye.As his behavior worsened, the narrator's guilt and paranoia grew. He began to see the image of a second black cat, which he believed was a manifestation of his sins. This new cat, which he named "Nightmare," slowly drove him to madness.In a fit of rage, the narrator tried to kill the second cat, but instead murdered his wife. He then buried her body in the basement, where it remained hidden for days. However, the police eventually discovered the truth, and the narrator was sentenced to death.As he awaits his execution, the narrator reflects on his actions and the descent into madness that led him to commit such heinous crimes. The story serves as a chilling reminder of the dangers of unchecked guilt and the destructive power of one's own mind.中文翻译《黑猫》是爱伦·坡写的一篇短篇小说。
黑猫英语读物读后感
黑猫英语读物读后感英文回答：The Black Cat is a short story by Edgar Allan Poe that explores the themes of guilt, madness, and the destructive power of alcoholism. The narrator is a man who, after a long history of alcohol abuse, murders his beloved black cat, Pluto. The murder is a brutal and senseless act, and the narrator is immediately overcome with remorse. However, his guilt and shame drive him to further acts of violence and self-destruction.The story is told in a first-person narrative, which gives the reader a direct insight into the narrator's thoughts and feelings. The narrator is a complex and deeply flawed character, and his madness is both tragic and terrifying. Poe's use of vivid imagery and symbolism creates a sense of atmosphere that is both eerie and oppressive. The black cat itself is a symbol of thenarrator's own dark side, and its murder represents thedestruction of his own humanity.The Black Cat is a classic work of Gothic literature, and it remains one of Poe's most popular and enduring stories. It is a powerful exploration of the human psyche, and it offers a cautionary tale about the dangers of unchecked anger and violence.中文回答：《黑猫》是埃德加·爱伦·坡的一篇短篇小说，探讨了罪恶感、疯狂和酗酒的破坏性力量等主题。
the black cat读后感英文 范文
the black cat读后感英文范文Upon finishing "The Black Cat," a myriad of perplexing thoughts floods my mind, grappling with the sudden twists and turns within the narrative. Edgar Allan Poe, with his signature dark and enigmatic style, leads the readerthrough a labyrinth of psychological turmoil and moral ambiguity.The story revolves around the unnamed narrator, whose descent into madness is intricately woven with the presence of a black cat. From the outset, Poe paints a picture of domestic bliss tainted by an undercurrent of unease. The introduction of Pluto, the titular feline, serves as a catalyst for the protagonist's unraveling psyche. Initially, the narrator's affection for the cat is palpable, symbolizing a semblance of normalcy in an otherwisetroubled existence. However, as the narrative unfolds, the once-beloved pet becomes a sinister force, mirroring the protagonist's inner demons.One of the most striking aspects of the story is Poe'sexploration of guilt and its corrosive effects on the human soul. The narrator's descent into alcoholism and violence mirrors his internal struggle to suppress his guilt over mistreating the cat. The gradual deterioration of his moral compass is both unsettling and thought-provoking, prompting readers to reflect on the nature of sin and redemption.Furthermore, Poe employs a series of macabre events to heighten the sense of dread and foreboding throughout the narrative. From the grotesque mutilation of Pluto to the chilling discovery of the second cat's image on the wall, each twist in the tale serves to deepen the reader's sense of unease. The supernatural elements woven into the story add an additional layer of complexity, blurring the lines between reality and madness.At its core, "The Black Cat" is a cautionary tale about the destructive power of unchecked impulses and the consequences of moral depravity. The narrator's eventual descent into madness serves as a stark reminder of the fragility of the human mind and the depths to which it can sink when consumed by darkness.In conclusion, "The Black Cat" is a haunting exploration of guilt, madness, and moral decay. Poe's masterfulstorytelling and evocative prose linger long after thefinal page is turned, leaving readers with a profound sense of unease and introspection. As I reflect on the story's themes and imagery, I am reminded of the fragility of the human psyche and the eternal struggle between good and evil that resides within us all.。
the black cat中文译本
the black cat中文译本《TheBlackCat》是爱伦·坡的一篇著名短篇小说，讲述了一个男人因为酗酒和暴力而逐渐失去理智，最终犯下了可怕的罪行。
这篇小说以其深刻的心理描写和令人毛骨悚然的情节而闻名于世。
故事的主人公是一个名叫普罗斯佩罗的男人，他是一个喜欢动物的人，尤其是黑猫。
在他的家中，有一只名叫普拉托的黑猫，他非常喜欢这只猫，把它当作自己的好朋友。
但是，随着时间的推移，普罗斯佩罗开始变得越来越暴力，常常喝醉酒后打普拉托。
他开始对猫产生了仇恨，甚至想杀死它。
最终，他将猫勒死，并将它的尸体藏在了墙壁里。
然而，普罗斯佩罗的罪行并没有被发现，他开始感到无比的轻松和自由。
但是，一只名为“黑猫”的新猫出现了，它的身上有一个白色的斑点，恰恰与普拉托的斑点相反。
这只猫开始跟随普罗斯佩罗，他开始感到恐惧和痛苦，认为这只猫是普拉托的复仇。
最终，普罗斯佩罗被这只猫逼疯了，他开始幻想这只猫一直在追踪他，他开始感到极度的恐惧和痛苦。
最终，他被这只猫杀死了，而这只猫也消失了。
这篇小说通过一个男人的故事，揭示了人类的黑暗面和邪恶的本质。
它提醒人们，我们应该尊重和爱护动物，而不是虐待和杀害它们。
同时，它也警示人们，如果我们沉迷于暴力和邪恶，我们最终会付出惨痛的代价。
这篇小说的中文译本非常优秀，它保留了原作的风格和情感，同时也加入了一些适当的注释和翻译，使得读者更容易理解和欣赏这篇小说。
它的翻译非常准确，句子流畅，语言简洁明了，让读者感到非常舒适和愉悦。
总之，这篇小说是一篇非常经典的文学作品，它通过深刻的心理描写和恐怖的情节，揭示了人类的黑暗面和邪恶的本质。
它的中文译本也非常出色，它让读者更容易理解和欣赏这篇小说，同时也提醒人们尊重和爱护动物，远离暴力和邪恶，走向光明和正义的道路。
美国文学 the black cat
. . .continued In 1836 married his 13 -year -old cousin, Virginia
. . . continued Lived in poverty-stricken conditions In 1846 his wife died after a long illness
• "The Black Cat" first appeared in The Saturday Evening Post on August 19, 1843. This first-person narrative falls into the realm of Horror/Gothic Literature, and has been examined in association with themes of insanity and alcoholism.Βιβλιοθήκη . . .continued
Studied briefly at the University
of Virginia • doing well in his studies, but Drinking and gambling difficulties(debts) kept him from continuing at UVA
?在这个世界上没有一个人我再重复一遍从没有任何一个人能像他那样把人生的诸多特点用如此神奇的方法表达出来
Edgar Allan Poe
1809-1849
His Family and Tragic Life
Born in Boston The son of traveling actors Tragic and unhappy life
爱伦·坡的《黑猫》中的疯狂与罪恶
爱伦·坡的《黑猫》中的疯狂与罪恶爱伦·坡（Edgar Allan Poe）是19世纪美国最著名的恐怖小说作家之一。
他的作品常常以深邃和令人毛骨悚然的方式描绘了人性中的黑暗面。
其中，《黑猫》（The Black Cat）被认为是他最重要、最有影响力的作品之一。
这个故事表达了疯狂和罪恶引发的后果，同时也向读者展示了主人公在精神崩溃下所经历的变化。
1. 故事背景和主题介绍《黑猫》讲述了一个男子在精神崩溃状态下对待动物和人类的残忍行为。
故事以主人公和他所养育的黑猫之间温情亲密的关系开始，但随着主人公日益陷入酗酒和暴力行为，黑猫成为了他心中罪恶欲望的象征，并最终导致悲剧发生。
2. 疯狂带来的罪行故事中，主人公越来越沉溺于酒精并渐渐失去理智。
他开始虐待他所爱的黑猫，并最终用一把斧头将它杀害。
这个罪恶行为是主人公精神崩溃和疯狂的明确表现。
更令人不安的是，主人公并不后悔自己的行为，反而以此为傲并企图掩盖他内心的恐惧和愧疚。
3. 疯狂与幻觉正当主人公认为自己成功地掩盖了自己的罪行时，一切却变得更加扭曲和荒诞。
一只有着与原先黑猫相似标记的猫开始出现在他眼前，始终困扰着他。
这只看似普通的猫激发了他内心混乱情感和强大的罪恶感觉，让他无法摆脱对过去罪行的回忆。
4. 绝望与审判在故事接近尾声时，主人公试图逃离自己罪恶行径所造成的秘密。
然而，在寻求解脱之际，他却意外地将妻子活埋在墙壁之中。
这一悲惨的结局既是作者对罪行与疯狂的审判，又是对主人公自身堕落以及他所遭受的精神折磨的终极揭示。
5. 总结通过《黑猫》这个故事, 爱伦·坡以诡异而不测的方式将主人公在精神崩溃和罪恶触发下所经历的变化展示给读者。
故事以巧妙地描写了主人公逐渐走向堕落和自我毁灭，揭示了人类内心阴暗面中存在着潜藏的邪恶力量。
通过这个故事，作者提醒我们警惕那些潜藏在心灵深处并可能带来毁灭性后果的暗黑情感。
The Black Cat
On The Perverseness and A morbid Character from Allan Poe’s The Black Cat浅谈爱伦坡《黑猫》中的邪念以及病态人格班级：0908 班姓名：王茜成绩：2012年4月内容摘要美国作家爱伦·坡的作品是以怪诞、恐怖等因素为其创作特色。
在其经典短篇小说《黑猫》中,探究人的内心世界，展示人格中被忽视的病态。
"黑猫"作为监视与操控人类罪恶的魔鬼,反映人类内心以及理智的崩溃。
人类在这种邪恶与内疚中徘徊，并最终因这种病态人格而毁灭。
T关键词：黑猫冲突病态邪念毁灭ABSTRACTThe works of the American author Allan Peo is famous for its absurd and terriable.The black cat aims at explore the human’s internal soul to show the morbidity which neglected by people.The black cat acts at a devil to guard and control human beings.It reflect the collaspse of human’s psyclogy and reason.The people struggle and struggle between evil and guilt.But finally destoried by this kind of morbid human nature.KEY WORDS:The black cat Conflict Morbidity PerversenessDestructionCONTENTSI. Introduction ...................................................................................................1.1 Introduction of Allan Peo ..............................................................................1.2 Definition of Perverseness ............................................................................ II.Psychological conflict2.1 A Drinking Problem ...................................................................................2.2 Pluto is Murdered .......................................................................................2.3 The confliction of the two black cat .............................................................2.3.1 evil of the first cat ......................................................................................2.3.2 guilt of the second cat ................................................................................2.4 The Perfect Crime ......................................................................................2.5 The narrator is a little too confident............................................................. . III. Conclusion ................................................................................................... REFERENCES ..................................................................................................On The Perverseness and A morbid Character from Allan Poe’s The Black CatI.IntroductionEdgar Allan Poe's "The Black Cat" is a study in self-delusion, in which the narrator's mind acts as a distorting prism. This essay aims at analyze the narrator's mind into good and evil components, thus interpreting the story as an exploration of the process of moral disintegration.Through analyze the narrator’s phychological confliction,we can get an important sense---spirit of PERVERSENESS. A human being has a perverse,wicked side that can goad him into committing evil deedss.The narrator says it was this inner demon that brought about his downfall.In this paper,through the comparison between the evil and guilt,through analyze the changes of the narrator,I want to introduce the people a kind of morbid character.I want people can pay more attention to this perverseness.1.1 Introduction of Allan PeoEdgar Allan Poe was an American novelist, poet, literary critic, and playwright. He also invented the modern detective story. Poe was born as Edgar Poe in Boston on January 19, 1809. Poe's parents passed away when he was very young. Therefore, he was taken in by a couple called the Allans, who gave him his middle name. Poe's relationship with the Allans became difficult while he was at university. Eventually, he left school and joined the military.Poe then went to live with his aunt and later married his 13-year-old cousin, Virginia Clemm. His first book of poetry was published in 1827, and in 1835, Poe became editor of the "Southern Literary Messenger." There, he began to write essays and literary criticism.In 1845, Poe published the very successful poetry collection "The Raven and Other Poems." Sadly, Virginia died not long after that, and Poe's state of mind became unstable. Not much is known about Poe's death in 1849. He was found unconscious in the street and died at the hospital shortly after. Even so, Edgar Allan Poe's imaginative works have had a great impact on English literature.1.2 Definition of PerversenessA human being has a perverse,wicked side that can goad him into committing evil deedss.The narrator says it was this inner demon that brought about his downfall.Who has not, a hundred times, found himself committing a vile or a silly action, for no other reason than because he knows he should not? Have we not a perpetual inclination, in the teeth of our best judgment, to violate that which is Law, merely because we understand it to be such? This spirit of perverseness, I say, came to my final overthrow. It was this unfathomable longing of the soul to vex itself -- to offer violence to its own nature -- to do wrong for the wrong's sake only -- that urged me to continue and finally to consummate the injury I had inflicted upon the unoffending brute.II. Confliction of Narrator2.1 A Drinking ProblemThe narrator tells us that as a kid the he was a kind, sensitive animal lover. We also learn that he and his wife had had "birds, gold-fish, a fine dog, rabbits, a small monkey, and a cat". The cat, of course, is Pluto. The conflict begins to unfold when the man describes the way his personality changed for the worse when he started drinking heavily, several years after Pluto became his pet. The conflict is within the narrator's home, between himself and his wife and pets, who he begins to abuse, physically and verbally, except for Pluto. I think this change is inherent of him.We can not define the narrator is evil or kind.2.2 Pluto is MurderedOne night,the narrator drink a lotm he cuts the cat's eye out, and then he hangs him from the tree in his garden –leaving the body there when he goes to sleep. This definitely complicates things for the narrator. When the narrator does this,he feels a more than fiendish malevolence,gin-nurtured,thrilled every fibre of his frame .But when the reason return with him,he experience a sentiment half of horror,half of remorse,for the crime of which he have been guilty.2.3 The confliction of the two black catIn “The Black Cat”, the narrator’s cats are surprisingly difficult to hold firmly in mind because of their shifting symbolic significance.2.3.1 evil of the first catThe first cat is symbolic of the narrato r’s evil heart. Black cat one started out in the story as the narrator’s favorite pet and playmate named Pluto,which is the name of the God of the Underworld. The eye of the cat which is poked out by the narrator is symbolic of the narrator not wanting the cat to get a clear perception of his evil heart. Then suddenly on one morning the narrator hung black cat one by a noose from a tree. The hanging of the first black cat is symbolic of the narrator’s not being able to except love. And one obviously knows that black cat one is symbolic of evil because of its color, black. The color black is associated with the well known superstition that black is symbolic of evil and darkness. The first black cat was the victim of the narrator’s evil and violent heart.2.3.2 guilt of the second catThe second black cat is symbolic of the narrator’s guilt. The finding of black cat two is symbolic of the night in which the narrator had came home from a bar toxicated. When the narrator began to leave the bar, black cat two began to follow him and this is symbolic of the guilt that follows the narrator. And the narrator noticed that at night black cat two sits on his chest, just as the narrator’s guilt is doing. The similarity of black cat two to black cat one is symbolic of the guilt that the narrator is experiencing.He want to get excuse.Eventhough he feels too frightened to kill it,he just get away from it.2.4 The Perfect CrimeBut the nrrator can not overcome his perverseness.So,during that fateful trip to the cellar of the family's new residence . the narrator tries to kill the cat with his axe. When his wife intervenes, the axe is turned on her. The narrator thinks he's successfully hidden the body and bluffed the cops. He isn't upset about killing his wife, and is happy he has managed to make the cat run away.I think this time,he is full of evil and guilt.2.5 The narrator is a little too confident.The narrator does something to ensure his own "destruction" or death. After thenarrator hides his wife's body, the cat disappears and he feels free and calm. When he gets too sure of himself and bangs on the wall hiding the corpse, he rouses the cat, (who was walled in with the body) exposing his hiding place to the police. He's arrested and sentenced to death.III. ConclusionIt is understood that the narrator beated by himself.In specifically,He is destoried by the perverseness and morbidity.The narrator is a man who is full of evil and guilt.At the beginning,he is a kind,sensitive animal lover. But later,he begin to drink,and day by day ,he becomes more moody,more irrtable,more regardless of feelings of others.He can not overcome his internal perverseness,so,he cuts the cat’s eye.And even feels excited.But he also have reason.So when he comes across the second black cat ,he feels guilty.He get away from it even if he afriad of him.But finally,the perverseness also win,the narrator axe the cat again but axes his wife.But he isn't upset about killing his wife, and is happy he has managed to make the cat run away.This moment,his guilt seems so pallor.To sum up ,this story probe into the human’s internal soul,show the this kind of morbid character which is neglected by people.The narrator struggle and struggle between evil and guilt.It reflects the collaspse of human’s psyclology and reason.We all need pay more attention to this perverseness,because this perverseness and morbidity can bring you an unexpected destruction.REFERENCES1、“The Black Cat,” Partisan Review, 17 (1950), 834-860.2、Selected Readings in American Literature (第三版) 高等教育出版社主编陶洁3、Human social sciences 2004年第02期湖南社会科学作者朱平珍4、Data of Culture and Education2007年第33期作者张自娟刘甜甜5、Data of Culture and Education 2007年第18期作者李雪华6、《新世纪论丛》2006年第02期作者陈文菊7、/guides 2/Blackcat.html8、。
中学必读经典英文短篇小说《The black cat》赏析
THE BLACK CATBy Edgar Allan Poe FOR the most wild, yet most homely narrative which I am about to pen, I neither expect nor solicit belief. Mad indeed would I be to expect it, in a case where my very senses reject their own evidence.Yet, mad am I not—and very surely do I not dream.But to-morrow I die, and to-day I would unburden my soul.My immediate purpose is to place before the world, plainly, succinctly, and without comment, a series of mere household events.In their consequences, these events have terrifed—have tortured—have destroyed me.Yet I will not attempt to expound them.To me, they have presented little but Horror—to many they will seem less terrible than baroques.Hereafter, perhaps, some intellect may be found which will reduce my phantasm to the common-place—some intellect more calm, more logical, and far less excitable than my own, which will perceive, in the circumstances I detail with awe, nothing more than an ordinary succession of very natural causes and effects.From my infancy I was noted for the docility and humanity of my disposition. My tenderness of heart was even so conspicuous as to make me the jest of my companions.I was especially fond of animals, and was indulged by my parents with a great variety of pets.With these I spent most of my time, and never was so happy as when feeding and caressing them.This peculiarity of character grew with my growth, and in my manhood, I derived from it one of my principal sources of pleasure.To those who have cherished an affection for a faithful and sagaciousdog, I need hardly be at the trouble of explaining the nature or the intensity of the gratification thus derivable.There is something in the unselfish and self-sacrificing love of a brute, which goes directly to the heart of him who has had frequent occasion to test the paltry friendship and gossamer fidelity of mere Man.I married early, and was happy to find in my wife a disposition not uncongenial with my own. Observing my partiality for domestic pets, she lost no opportunity of procuring those of the most agreeable kind.We had birds, gold-fish, a fine dog, rabbits, a small monkey, and a cat.This latter was a remarkably large and beautiful animal, entirely black, and sagacious to an astonishing degree. In speaking of his intelligence, my wife, who at heart was not a little tinctured with superstition, made frequent allusion to the ancient popular notion, which regarded all black cats as witches in disguise.Not that she was ever serious upon this point—and I mention the matter at all for no better reason than that it happens, just now, to be remembered.Pluto—this was the cat's name—was my favorite pet and playmate. I alone fed him, and he attended me wherever I went about the house.It was even with difficulty that I could prevent him from following me through the streets.Our friendship lasted, in this manner, for several years, during which my general temperament and character—through the instrumentality of the Fiend Intemperance—had（I blush to confess it）experienced a radical alteration for the worse. I grew, day by day, more moody, more irritable, more regardless of the feelings of others.I suffered myself to use intemperate language to my wife.Atlength, I even offered her personal violence.My pets, of course, were made to feel the change in my disposition.I not only neglected, but ill-used them.For Pluto, however, I still retained suffcient regard to restrain me from maltreating him, as I made no scruple of maltreating the rabbits, the monkey, or even the dog, when by accident, or through affection, they came in my way.But my disease grew upon me—for what disease is like Alcohol！—and at length even Pluto, who was now becoming old, and consequently somewhat peevish—even Pluto began to experience the effects of my ill temper.One night, returning home, much intoxicated, from one of my haunts about town, I fancied that the cat avoided my presence. I seized him；when, in his fright at my violence, he inflicted a slight wound upon my hand with his teeth.The fury of a demon instantly possessed me.I knew myself no longer.My original soul seemed, at once, to take its flight from mybody and a more than fiendish malevolence, gin-nurtured, thrilled every fibre of my frame.I took from my waistcoat-pocket a pen-knife, opened it, grasped the poor beast by the throat, and deliberately cut one of its eyes from the socket！I blush, I burn, I shudder, while I pen the damnable atrocity.When reason returned with the morning—when I had slept off the fumes of the night's debauch—I experienced a sentiment half of horror, half of remorse, for the crime of which I had been guilty；but it was, at best, a feeble and equivocal feeling, and the soul remained untouched. I again plunged into excess, and soon drowned in wine all memory of the deed.In the meantime the cat slowly recovered. The socket of the lost eye presented, it is true, a frightful appearance, but he no longer appeared to suffer any pain.He went about the house as usual, but, as might be expected, fled in extreme terror at my approach.I had so much of my old heart left, as to be at first grieved by this evident dislike on the part of a creature which had once so loved me.But this feeling soon gave place to irritation.And then came, as if to my final and irrevocable overthrow, the spirit of Perverseness.Of this spirit philosophy takes no account.Yet I am not more sure that my soul lives, than I am that perverseness is one of the primitive impulses of the human heart—one of the indivisible primary faculties, or sentiments, which give direction to the character of Man.Who has not, a hundred times, found himself committing a vile or a silly action, for no other reason than because he knows he should not?Have we not a perpetual inclination, in the teeth of our best judgment, to violate that which is Law, merely because we understand it to be such?This spirit of perverseness, I say, came to my final overthrow.It was this unfathomable longing of the soul to vex itself—to offer violence to its own nature—to do wrong for the wrong's sake only—that urged me to continue and finally to consummate the injury I had inficted upon the unoffending brute.One morning, in cool blood, I slipped a noose about its neck and hung it to the limb of a tree；—hung it with the tears streaming from my eyes, and with the bitterest remorse at my heart；—hung it because I knew that it had loved me, and because I felt it had given me no reason of offence；—hung it because I knew that in doing so I was committing a sin—a deadly sin that wouldso jeopardize my immortal soul as to place it—if such a thing wore possible—even beyond the reach of the infinite mercy of the Most Merciful and Most Terrible God.On the night of the day on which this cruel deed was done, I was aroused from sleep by the cry of “fire!”. The curtains of my bed were in flames.The whole house was blazing.It was with great difficulty that my wife, a servant, and myself, made our escape from the conflagration.The destruction was complete.My entire worldly wealth was swallowed up, and I resigned myself thenceforward to despair.I am above the weakness of seeking to establish a sequence of cause and atrocity. But I am detailing a chain of facts—and wish not to leave even a possible link imperfect.On the day succeeding the fire, I visited the ruins.The walls, with one exception, had fallen in.This exception was found in a compartment wall, not very thick, which stood about the middle of the house, and against which had rested the head of my bed.The plastering had here, in great measure, resisted the action of the fire—a fact which I attributed to its having been recently spread.About this wall a dense crowd were collected, and many persons seemed to be examining a particular portion of it with very minute and eager attention.The words“strange！”“singular！”and other similar expressions, excited my curiosity.I approached and saw, as if graven in bas relief upon the white surface, the figure of a gigantic cat.The impression was given with an accuracy truly marvellous.There was a rope about the animal's neck.When I first beheld this apparition—for I could scarcely regard it as less—mywonder and my terror were extreme. But at length refection came to my aid.The cat, I remembered, had been hung in a garden adjacent to the house.Upon the alarm of fre, this garden had been immediately filled by the crowd—by some one of whom the animal must have been cut from the tree and thrown, through an open window, into my chamber.This had probably been done with the view of arousing me from sleep.The falling of other walls had compressed the victim of my cruelty into the substance of the freshly-spread plaster；the lime of which, with the fames, and the ammonia from the carcass, had then accomplished the portraiture as I saw it.Although I thus readily accounted to my reason, if not altogether to my conscience, for the startling fact just detailed, it did not the less fail to make a deep impression upon my fancy. For months I could not rid myself of the phantasm of the cat；and, during this period, there came back into my spirit a half-sentiment that seemed, but was not, remorse.I went so far as to regret the loss of the animal, and to look about me, among the vile haunts which I now habitually frequented for another pet of the same species, and of somewhat similar appearance, with which to supply its place.One night as I sat, half stupefied, in a den of more than infamy, my attention was suddenly drawn to some black object, reposing upon the head of one of the immense hogsheads of Gin, or of Rum, which constituted the chief furniture of the apartment. I had been looking steadily at the top of this hogshead for some minutes, and what now caused me surprise was the fact that I had not soonerperceived the object thereupon.I approached it, and touched it with my hand.It was a black cat—a very large one—fully as large as Pluto, and closely resembling him in every respect but one.Pluto had not a white hair upon any portion of his body；but this cat had a large, although indefinite splotch of white, covering nearly the whole region of the breast.Upon my touching him, he immediately arose, purred loudly, rubbed against my hand, and appeared delighted with my notice.This, then, was the very creature of which I was in search.I at once offered to purchase it of the landlord；but this person made no claim to it—knew nothing of it—had never seen it before.I continued my caresses, and, when I prepared to go home, the animal evinced a disposition to accompany me. I permitted it to do so；occasionally stooping and patting it as I proceeded.When it reached the house it domesticated itself at once, and became immediately a great favorite with my wife.For my own part, I soon found a dislike to it arising within me. This was just the reverse of what I had anticipated；but—I know not how or why it was—its evident fondness for myself rather disgusted and annoyed me.By slow degrees, these feelings of disgust and annoyance rose into the bitterness of hatred.I avoided the creature；a certain sense of shame, and the remembrance of my former deed of cruelty, preventing me from physically abusing it.I did not, for some weeks, strike, or otherwise violently ill use it；but gradually—very gradually—I came to look upon it with unutterable loathing, and to flee silently from its odious presence,as from the breath of a pestilence.What added, no doubt, to my hatred of the beast, was the discovery, on the morning after I brought it home, that, like Pluto, it also had been deprived of one of its eyes. This circumstance, however, only endeared it to my wife, who, as I have already said, possessed, in a high degree, that humanity of feeling which had once been my distinguishing trait, and the source of many of my simplest and purest pleasures.With my aversion to this cat, however, its partiality for myself seemed to increase. It followed my footsteps with a pertinacity which it would be difficult to make the reader comprehend.Whenever I sat, it would crouch beneath my chair, or spring upon my knees, covering me with its loathsome caresses.If I arose to walk it would get between my feet and thus nearly throw me down, or, fastening its long and sharp claws in my dress, clamber, in this manner, to my breast.At such times, although I longed to destroy it with a blow, I was yet withheld from so doing, partly by a memory of my former crime, but chiefly—let me confess it at once—by absolute dread of the beast.This dread was not exactly a dread of physical evil—and yet I should be at a loss how otherwise to define it. I am almost ashamed to own—yes, even in this felon's cell, I am almost ashamed to own—that the terror and horror with which the animal inspired me, had been heightened by one of the merest chimaeras it would be possible to conceive.My wife had called my attention, more than once, to the character of the mark of white hair, of which I have spoken, and which constituted the sole visible difference between the strange beast and the one Ihad destroyed.The reader will remember that this mark, although large, had been originally very indefinite；but, by slow degrees—degrees nearly imperceptible, and which for a long time my Reason struggled to reject as fanciful—it had, at length, assumed a rigorous distinctness of outline.It was now the representation of an object that I shudder to name—and for this, above all, I loathed, and dreaded, and would have rid myself of the monster had I dared—it was now, I say, the image of a hideous—of a ghastly thing—of the GALLOWS！—oh, mournful and terrible engine of Horror and of Crime—of Agony and of Death！And now was I indeed wretched beyond the wretchedness of mere Humanity. And a brute beast—whose fellow I had contemptuously destroyed—a brute beast to work out for me—for me a man, fashioned in the image of the High God—so much of insufferable wo！Alas！neither by day nor by night knew I the blessing of Rest any more！During the former the creature left me no moment alone；and, in the latter, I started, hourly, from dreams of unutterable fear, to find the hot breath of the thing upon my face, and its vast weight—an incarnate Night-Mare that I had no power to shake off—incumbent eternally upon my heart！Beneath the pressure of torments such as these, the feeble remnant of the good within me succumbed. Evil thoughts became my sole intimates—the darkest and most evil of thoughts.The moodiness of my usual temper increased to hatred of all things and of all mankind；while, from the sudden, frequent, and ungovernable outbursts of a fury to which I now blindly abandoned myself, my uncomplaining wife, alas！was the most usual and the most patient of sufferers.One day she accompanied me, upon some household errand, into the cellar of the old building which our poverty compelled us to inhabit. The cat followed me down the steep stairs, and, nearly throwing me headlong, exasperated me to madness.Uplifting an axe, and forgetting, in my wrath, the childish dread which had hitherto stayed my hand, I aimed a blow at the animal which, of course, would have proved instantly fatal had it descended as I wished.But this blow was arrested by the hand of my wife.Goaded, by the interference, into a rage more than demoniacal, I withdrew my arm from her grasp and buried the axe in her brain.She fell dead upon the spot, without a groan.This hideous murder accomplished, I set myself forthwith, and with entire deliberation, to the task of concealing the body. I knew that I could not remove from the house, either by day or by night, without the risk of being observed by the neighbours.Many projects entered my mind.At one period I thought of cutting the corpse into minute fragments, and destroying them by fire.At another, I resolved to dig a grave for it in the floor of the cellar.Again, I deliberated about casting it in the well in the yard—about packing it in a box, as if merchandize, with the usual arrangements, and so getting a porter to take it from the house.Finally I hit upon what I considered a far better expedient than either of these.I determined to wall it up in the cellar—as the monks of the middle ages are recorded to have walled up their victims.For a purpose such as this the cellar was well adapted. Its walls were loosely constructed, and had lately been plastered throughout with a rough plaster, whichthe dampness of the atmosphere had prevented from hardening.Moreover, in one of the walls was a projection, caused by a false chimney, or fireplace, that had been filled up, and made to resemble the red of the cellar.I made no doubt that I could readily displace the bricks at this point, insert the corpse, and wall the whole up as before, so that no eye could detect any thing suspicious.And in this calculation I was not deceived.By means of a crow-bar I easily dislodged the bricks, and, having carefully deposited the body against the inner wall, I propped it in that position, while, with little trouble, I re-laid the whole structure as it originally stood.Having procured mortar, sand, and hair, with every possible precaution, I prepared a plaster which could not be distinguished from the old, and with this I very carefully went over the new brickwork.When I had finished, I felt satisfied that all was right.The wall did not present the slightest appearance of having been disturbed.The rubbish on the floor was picked up with the minutest care.I looked around triumphantly, and said to myself—“Here at least, then, my labor has not been in vain.”My next step was to look for the beast which had been the cause of so much wretchedness；for I had, at length, firmly resolved to put it to death. Had I been able to meet with it, at the moment, there could have been no doubt of its fate；but it appeared that the crafty animal had been alarmed at the violence of my previous anger, and forebore to present itself in my present mood.It is impossible to describe, or to imagine, the deep, the blissful sense of relief which the absence of the detested creature occasioned in my bosom.It did not make its appearanceduring the night—and thus for one night at least, since its introduction into the house, I soundly and tranquilly slept；aye, slept even with the burden of murder upon my soul！The second and the third day passed, and still my tormentor came not. Once again I breathed as a free man.The monster, in terror, had fed the premises forever！I should behold it no more！My happiness was supreme！The guilt of my dark deed disturbed me but little.Some few inquiries had been made, but these had been readily answered.Even a search had been instituted—but of course nothing was to be discovered.I looked upon my future felicity as secured.Upon the fourth day of the assassination, a party of the police came, very unexpectedly, into the house, and proceeded again to make rigorous investigation of the premises. Secure, however, in the inscrutability of my place of concealment, I felt no embarrassment whatever.The officers bade me accompany them in their search.They left no nook or corner unexplored.At length, for the third or fourth time, they descended into the cellar.I quivered not in a muscle.My heart beat calmly as that of one who slumbers in innocence.I walked the cellar from end to end.I folded my arms upon my bosom, and roamed easily to and fro.The police were thoroughly satisfied and prepared to depart.The glee at my heart was too strong to be restrained.I burned to say if but one word, by way of triumph, and to render doubly sure their assurance of my guiltlessness.“Gentlemen，”I said at last, as the party ascended the steps，“I delight to have allayed your suspicions. I wish you all health, and a little more courtesy.By the bye,gentlemen, this—this is a very well constructed house.”[In the rabid desi re say something easily, I scarcely knew what I uttered at all.]—“I may say an excellently well-constructed house.These walls—are you going, gentlemen?—these walls are solidly put together；”and here, through the mere phrenzy of bravado, I rapped heavily, with a cane which I held in my hand, upon that very portion of the brick-work behind which stood the corpse of the wife of my bosom.But may God shield and deliver me from the fangs of the Arch-Fiend！No sooner had the reverberation of my blows sunk into silence, than I was answered by a voice from within the tomb！—by a cry, at first muffled and broken, like the sobbing of a child, and then quickly swelling into one long, loud, and continuous scream, utterly anomalous and inhuman—a howl—a wailing shriek, half of horror and half of triumph, such as might have arisen only out of hell, conjointly from the throats of the dammed in their agony and of the demons that exult in the damnation.Of my own thoughts it is folly to speak. Swooning, I staggered to the opposite wall.For one instant the party upon the stairs remained motionless, through extremity of terror and of awe.In the next, a dozen stout arms were toiling at the wall.It fell bodily.The corpse, already greatly decayed and clotted with gore, stood erect before the eyes of the spectators.Upon its head, with red extended mouth and solitary eye of fre, sat the hideous beast whose craft had seduced me into murder, and whose informing voice had consigned me to the hangman.I had walled the monster up within the tomb！。
爱伦坡《黑猫》英语作文
Symbolism in The Black CatAs an important writer in the 19th century history of American literature, Edgar Allan Poe exerted certain international influences.In Edgar Allan Poe’s The Black Cat, symbolism is used to show the narrator’s capacity for violence, madness, and guilt. The symbolism of the first black cat (Pluto), the second black cat, and the white spot illustrates the narrator’s expanding capacity for evil and perverseness.The most important symbol of the story is the first black cat. The first black cat is symbolic of the narrator’s evil heart. It starts out in the story as the narrator’s favorite pet and playmate named Pluto, which is the name of the Underworld. On night, after returning home the narrator gets much intoxicated, so his love for the pet seems to fade away. Since the narrator is drunk. The first black cat avoids him. This bothers the narrator to the point where he picks up the cat and frightens it. Afraid of his master, the cat slightly wounds the narrator on the hand with his teeth. Because of the cat’s reaction to his picking him up, the narrator pokes out one of the cat’s eyes. The eye of the cat which is poked out by the narrator is symbolic of the narrator not wanting the cat to get a clear perception of his evil heart. Then suddenly on one morning the narrator hangs the first black cat by a noose from a tree. And finally the archetypal symbol associated with the first black cat is its color, black. The color black is associated with the well known superstition that black issymbolic of evil and darkness. The first black cat is the victim of the narrator’s evil and violence.The second black cat is symbolic of the narrator’s guilt. The night after the narrator’s house catches on fire, he goes to a bar where he sees the second black cat. The second black cat resembles the first black cat in every aspect except one. The finding of the second black cat is symbolic of the night on which the narrator comes home from a bar intoxicated. When the narrator begins to leave the bar, the second black cat begins to follow him and this is symbolic of the guilt that follows the narrator. The narrator notices that the second black cat resembles the first black cat in every aspect except one. And the similarity of the second black cat to the first black cat is symbolic of the guilt that the narrator is carrying. The narrator notices that at night the second black cat sits on his chest, just as the narrator’s guilt is doing.Finally, the white spot found on the second black cat’s chest is symbolic of the burden that the narrator carries on his heart. The second black cat has s splotch of white covering nearly the whole region of its breast, which at times changes forms. The color of the spot, white, is an archetypal symbol that has a universal meaning of purity and light. This white spot on the heart of the second black cat is symbolic of the purity of the first black cat’s heart. The white spot changes to the form of gallows, which is symbolic of the guilt of the narrator. So basically the white spotserves as a punishment to the narrator inflicted by the second black cat.The first black cat, the second black cat and the white spot are the three most important symbols in this story. Each one of these symbols represents the evil and perverseness of the narrator. The first black cat lets the reads get a clear understanding of the narrator’s evil heart. The second black cat gives the readers an insight of the narrator’s guilt for what he has done to the first black cat. And the white spot helps the readers to realize what type of the punishment the second black cat is inflicting on the narrator. The basic function of the first black cat, the second black cat and the whit spot is to illustrate the narrator’s increasing capacity for evil and his descent into madness.Symbolism applied in this story strengthens the artistic effect and symbolic meanings help the readers gain a deeper understanding of Edgar Allan Poe’s intentions of creating such kind of short stories. In a word, Symbolism used in Poe’s stories has greatly reinforced the effect of the stories.。
长篇英语童话故事之TheBlackCat
You are not going to believe this story. But it is a true story, as true as I sit here writing it—as true as I will die in the morning. Yes, this story ends with my end, with my death tomorrow. I have always been a kind and loving person—everyone will tell you this. They will also tell you that I have always loved animals more than anything. When I was a little boy, my family always had many different animals round the house. As I grew up, I spent most of my time with them, giving them their food and cleaning them. I married when I was very young, and I was happy to find that my wife loved all of our animal friends as much as I did. She bought us the most beautiful animals. We had all sorts of birds, gold fish, a fine dog and a cat. The cat was a very large and beautiful animal. He was black, black all over, and very intelligent. He was so intelligent that my wife often laughed about what some people believe; some people believe that all black cats are evil, enemies in a cats body. Pluto—this was the cats name—was my favourite. It was always I who gave him his food, and he followed me everywhere. I often had to stop him from following me through the streets! For years, he and I lived happily together, the best of friends. But during those years I was slowly changing. It was that evil enemy of Man called Drink who was changing me. I was not the kind, loving person people knew before. I grew more and more selfish. I was often suddenly angry about unimportant things. I began to use bad language, most of all with my wife. I even hit her sometimes. And by that time, of course, I was often doing horrible things to our animals. I hit all of them—but never Pluto. But, my illness was getting worse—oh yes, drink is an illness! Soon I began to hurt my dear Pluto too. I remember that night very well. I came home late, full of drink again. I could not understand why Pluto was not pleased to see me. The cat was staying away from me. My Pluto did not want to come near me! I caught him and picked him up, holding him strongly. He was afraid of me and bit my hand. Suddenly, I was not myself any more. Someone else was in my body: someone evil, and mad with drink! I took my knife from my pocket, held the poor animal by his neck and cut out one of his eyes. The next morning, my mind was full of pain and horror when I woke up. I was deeply sorry. I could not understand how I could do such an evil thing. But drink soon helped me to forget. Slowly the cat got better. Soon he felt no more pain. There was now only an ugly dry hole where the eye once was. He began to go round the house as usual again. He never came near me now, of course, and he ran away when I went too close. I knew he didnt love me any more. At first I was sad. Then, slowly, I started to feel angry, and I did another terrible thing . . . I had to do it—I could not stop myself. I did it with a terrible sadness in my heart—because I knew it was evil. And that was why I did it—yes! I did it because I knew it was evil. What did I do? I caught the cat and hung him by his neck from a tree until he was dead. That night I woke up suddenly—my bed was on fire. I heard people outside shouting, Fire! Fire! Our house was burning! I, my wife and our servant were lucky to escape. We stood and watched as the house burned down to the ground. There was nothing left of the building the next morning. All the walls fell down during the night, except one - a wall in the middle of the house. I realized why this wall did not burn: because there was new plaster on it. The plaster was still quite wet. I was surprised to see a crowd of people next to the wall. They were talking, and seemed to be quite excited. I went closer and looked over their shoulders. I saw a black shape in the new white plaster. It was the shape of large cat, hanging by its neck. I looked at the shape with complete horror. Several minutes passed before I could think clearly again. I knew I had to try to think clearly. I had to know why it was there. I remembered hanging the cat in the garden of the house next door. During the fire the garden was full of people. Probably, someone cut the dead cat from the tree and threw it through the window—to try and wake me. The falling walls pressed the animals body into the fresh plaster. The cat burned completely, leaving the black shape in the new plaster. Yes, I was sure that was what happened. But I could not forget that black shape for months. I even saw it in my dreams. I began to feel sad about losing the animal. So I began to look for another one. I looked mostly in the poor parts of our town where I went drinking. I searched for another black cat, of the same size and type as Pluto.。
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• The story is presented as a first-person narrative. He is a condemned man at the outset of the story. The narrator tells us that from an early age he has loved animals. He and his wife have many pets, including a large black cat named Pluto. This cat is especially fond of the narrator and vice versa.
Point, but provoked his own dismissal （ got himself expelled by missing classes ） Caused a final separation between himself and step-father
. . .continued In 1836 married his 13 -year -old cousin, Virginia
and his mother died later soon. adopted by Mr. and Mrs. John Allan constant disagreements with his step-father
. . .continued
Studied briefly at the versity
The Black Cat
• Questions to study: 1. Have you found any Gothic elements in this short story? 2. Why does Poe use the first person point of view?
3. What caused the drastic transformation of his temperament? 4. Both of the two cats miss one eye, why didn’t Poe mention if it is the same eye missing? 5. Why did he himself disclose the crime he has committed?
of Virginia • doing well in his studies, but Drinking and gambling difficulties(debts) kept him from continuing at UVA
. . .continued
Received an appointment to West
theme
• into the inner workings of the dark side of the mind.
Poe was famous for…
• Psychological fiction--He wanted to produce the greatest possible horrific effects on the reader.
• Their mutual friendship lasts for several years, until the narrator becomes an alcoholic. One night, after coming home intoxicated, he believes the cat is avoiding him. When he tries to seize it, the panicked cat bites the narrator, and in a fit of rage, he seizes the animal, pulls a penknife from his pocket, and deliberately gouges out the cat's eye.
• 在这个世界上，没有一个人，我再重复一遍， 从没有任何一个人能像他那样把人生的诸多 特点用如此神奇的方法表达出来。。。幻像 首先让人产生怀疑，紧接着如同一本书那样 逻辑和让人信服；疯狂在智慧中生根并且最 终用一种让人难以置信的逻辑统治它；空想 夺取了行动的位置，矛盾在神经和心灵中发 芽，人用笑声来表示自己的痛苦。他研究世 界上所有不可能的幻想，他创造时空的断层 并用他特有的细节性和科学性描述一个激动 的人如何利用幻想去做恶。
• "The Black Cat" first appeared in The Saturday Evening Post on August 19, 1843. This first-person narrative falls into the realm of Horror/Gothic Literature, and has been examined in association with themes of insanity and alcoholism.
. . . continued Lived in poverty-stricken conditions In 1846 his wife died after a long illness
. . . continued Died in Baltimore after having been found drunk Died a poor man
---查尔斯.波德莱 尔
The capacity for violence and horror lies within each of us, no matter how docile and humane our dispositions might appear. ---By Martha Womack
Edgar Allan Poe
1809-1849
His Family and Tragic Life
Born in Boston The son of traveling actors Tragic and unhappy life
Tragic and Unhappy Life
father deserted him at the age of two
• It is the same size and color as the original and is even missing an eye. The only difference is a large white patch on the animal's chest. The narrator takes it home, but soon begins to loathe, even fear the creature. After a time, the white patch of fur begins to take shape and, to the narrator, forms the shape of the gallows.
• A penknife, or pen knife, is a small folding pocket knife. The most famous example of a multi-function knife is the Swiss Army knife .
• From that moment onward, the cat flees in terror at his master's approach. At first, the narrator is remorseful and regrets his cruelty. "But this feeling soon gave place to irritation. And then came, as if to my final and irrevocable overthrow, the spirit of PERVERSENESS." He takes the cat out in the garden one morning and hangs it from a tree, where it dies.
• At first, this image terrifies the narrator, but gradually he determines a logical explanation for it, that someone outside had thrown the dead cat into the bedroom to wake him up during the fire, and begins to miss Pluto. Some time later, he finds a similar cat in a tavern.
• A gallows is a frame, typically wooden, used for execution by hanging
• Then, one day when the narrator and his wife are visiting the cellar in their new home, the cat gets under its master's feet and nearly trips him down the stairs. In a fury, the man grabs an axe and tries to kill the cat but is stopped by his wife. Enraged, he kills her with the axe instead. To conceal her body he removes bricks from a protrusion in the wall, places her body there, and repairs the hole. When the police came to investigate, they find nothing and the narrator goes free. The cat, which he intended to kill as well, has gone missing.