2019年12月大学英语四级翻译：倒装句.doc

2019年12月大学英语四级考试真题+参考答案完整版

2019 年12 月大学英语四级考试真题及参考答案完整版Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)2019 年12 月14 日，大学英语四级笔试考试已经结束，各位考生对本次四级考试的做题感觉如何呢？文都教育英语老师在第一时间为大家解读2019 年12月大学英语四级考试真题参考答案，希望大家都能够顺利通过本次四级考试。

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letterto a foreign friend who wants to study. Please recommend a university tohim. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.【参考范文】Dear Lucy,I am delighted to hear that you are going to study in a Chineseuniversity. Since you have asked for my advice about choosing whichuniversity, I will try to give you some useful suggestions here.It is well known that Peking University is a great place to learn.There are several factors accounting for this choice and the followingare the most typical ones. First and foremost, Peking University is one of the top universities in China and the birthplace of many great minds.Therefore, it can provide high-quality teaching resources, which isessential for a foreign learner.In addition, Beijing is the capital of China and there are various historic buildings. They provide foreign students a good chance to know Chineseculture and history.I hope you will find these suggestions helpful and wishyou all t he best.Ming【参考译文】亲爱的露丝：Yours, Li得知你要来中国的大学学习，我很高兴。

大学英语四级倒装句共28页文档

谢谢！
Байду номын сангаас
21、要知道对好事的称颂过于夸大，也会招来人们的反感轻蔑和嫉妒。——培根 22、业精于勤，荒于嬉；行成于思，毁于随。——韩愈
23、一切节省，归根到底都归结为时间的节省。——马克思 24、意志命运往往背道而驰，决心到最后会全部推倒。——莎士比亚
25、学习是劳动，是充满思想的劳动。——乌申斯基
大学英语四级倒装句
6、纪律是自由的第一条件。——黑格尔 7、纪律是集体的面貌，集体的声音，集体的动作，集体的表情，集体的信念。 ——马卡连柯
8、我们现在必须完全保持党的纪律，否则一切都会陷入污泥中。 ——马克思 9、学校没有纪律便如磨坊没有水。— —夸美纽斯
10、一个人应该：活泼而守纪律，天真而不幼稚，勇敢而鲁莽，倔强而有原则，热情而不冲动，乐观而不盲目。 ——马克思

2019年12月份四级翻译真题及解释

2019年12月英语四级翻译真题及参考答案卷一：中国的家庭观念与其文化传统有关。

和睦的大家庭曾非常令人羡慕。

过去四代同堂并不少见。

由于这个传统，许多年轻人婚后继续与父母同住。

今天，这个传统正在改变。

随着住房条件的改善，越来越多年轻夫妇选择与父母分开住。

但他们之间的联系仍然很密切。

许多老年人仍然帮着照看孙辈。

年轻夫妇也抽时间探望父母，特别是在春节和中秋节等重要节日。

[参考范文]China‘s family concept is related to its cultural tradition。

The harmonious family used to be particularly enviable。

It’s not rare for four generations to live together in the past。

Due to this tradition， a great number of young people continued to live with their parents after marriage。

Nowadays，this tradition is changing。

With housing conditions improving， a growing number of young couples choose to live separately from their parents。

Nevertheless，the relationship between them is still quite intimate。

Many elderly people still help look after their grandchildren。

Young couples also take time to visit their parents，especially on important festivals，such as the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival。

2019年12月四级翻译及其答案

汉族名字【翻译原文】中国汉族人的全名由姓和名组成。

中文姓名的特点是，姓总是在前，名跟在其后。

千百年来，父姓一直世代相传。

然而，如今，孩子跟母亲姓并不罕见。

一般来说，名有一个或两个汉字，通常承载父母对孩子的愿望。

从孩子的名字可以推断出父母希望孩子成为代么样的人，或者期望他们过什么样的生活。

父母非常重视给孩子取名，因为名字往往会伴随孩子一生。

【参考译文】The full name of China's Han ethnic group is made up of family name and given name. One characteristic of the Chinese name is that the family name always comes first, followed by given name. For thousands of years, the father's family name has been passed on from generation to generation. However, it is not uncommon now for a child to have the mother’s family name. Generally speaking, a given name contains one or two Chinese characters, which carries the parents' hope for the kid. Therefore, it's easy to infer from the name what kind of person the parents expect their child to be, or what kind of life to lead.Parents attach great importance to naming their kid as names usually go with them for a whole life.家庭观念中国的家庭观念与其文化传统有关。

2019年大学英语四级考试语法：句子的种类与倒装

2019年大学英语四级考试语法：句子的种类与倒装考试栏目组为你精心整理了2019年大学英语四级考试语法：句子的种类与倒装，想提高自己的英语语法，就一起来看看吧，更多相关资讯，请关注网站更新。

2019年大学英语四级考试语法：句子的种类(一)按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。

1) 陈述句(Declarative Sentences)：说明一个事实或陈述一种看法。

Light travels faster than sound. 光比声速度快。

(说明事实)The film is rather boring. 这部电影很乏味。

(说明看法)2) 疑问句(Interrogative Sentences)：提出问题。

有以下四种：a. 一般疑问句(General Questions)：Can you finish the work in time?你能按时完成工作吗?b. 特殊疑问句(W Questions; H Questions)：Where do you live? 你住那儿?How do you know that? 你怎么知道那件事?c. 选择疑问句(Alternative Questions)：Do you want tea or coffee?你是要茶还是要咖啡?d. 反意疑问句(Tag-Questions)：He doesn't know her, does he?他不认识她，对不对?3) 祈使句(Imperative Sentences)：提出请求，建议或发出命令，例如：Sit down, please. 请坐。

Don't be nervous! 别紧张!4) 感叹句(Exclamatory Sentences)：表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪，例如：What good news it is! 多好的消息啊!(二)句子按其结构可以分为以下三类：1) 简单句(Simple Sentences)：只包含一个主谓结构句子叫简单句，例如：She is fond of collecting stamps. 她喜欢集邮。

2019年12月英语四级阅读句子分析：倒装结构

2019年12月英语四级阅读句子分析：倒装结构英语中有时为了强调突出某一句子成分，或当否定词出现在句首时，或是因为同上文衔接等的缘故，常常采用倒装的结构，即：把正常的主+谓+宾(表)+补+状的语序打乱，把应该在后面出现的成分提到前面去，如：谓语出现在主语前面，谓语、宾语出现在主语前面，或状语放在句首等。

简单句中的倒装较容易辨认，但在长句中当同其他的句子结构混在一起时，倒装结构的辨认就有一定的困难，有时会误认为是其他的句子成分，如：分句独立结构，定语等，导致错判全句的主干，形成理解障碍。

ExerciseOf drugs or medicine she had almost none.Splendid is the architecture of Manhattan, the heart of the city, with its one hundred and more skyscrapers.Especially popular were his Sunday evening dinners, usually followed by musical performances.要点及参考译文要点：介词短语位于句首表示强调，这是一个倒装句。

译文：在毒品或者药物这两样东西中她几乎什么都没有。

要点：此句为倒装句，正常语序应为：" The architecture of Manhattan,... is splendid."因为主语太长，为了保持句子平衡，所以用了倒装语序。

译文：市中心曼哈顿的建筑有百余幢摩天大楼，甚为雄伟壮观。

要点：此句为倒装句。

因主语较长，并带有分词短语"followed..."作定语修饰"dinner"，为了保持句子平衡，将表语提前到句首。

译文：在周日晚餐后，通常提供音乐演出，所以特别受欢迎。

四级作文倒装句例句

四级作文倒装句例句英文回答，In English, inverted sentences are used to emphasize certain parts of a sentence or to create a more formal or dramatic tone. For example, "Not only did she win the race, but she also broke the record" is an inverted sentence that emphasizes the achievement of winning therace and breaking the record. Another example is "On thetop of the hill stood a beautiful castle," where theinverted structure creates a more dramatic and poetic tone.中文回答，在中文中，倒装句也是用来强调句子的某些部分或者营造更正式或戏剧性的语气。

例如，“不仅她赢得了比赛，而且还打破了记录”是一个倒装句，强调了赢得比赛和打破记录的成就。

另一个例子是“山顶上矗立着一座美丽的城堡”，其中倒装结构营造了更戏剧性和诗意的语气。

英文回答，In academic writing, inverted sentences are often used to introduce a new idea or to emphasize acertain point. For example, "Not only is this theory widely accepted, but it also has practical applications" is aninverted sentence that emphasizes the widespread acceptance and practicality of the theory. Another example is "In no way does this mean that we should ignore the potential risks," where the inverted structure emphasizes the importance of considering potential risks.中文回答，在学术写作中，倒装句经常被用来引入新观点或者强调某一点。

2019年12月大学英语四级翻译：倒装句

2019年12月大学英语四级翻译：倒装句
Day 1倒装句
第一步：四级精彩套句展示
我们将通过三个常考的四级写作句型揭示倒装句的奥妙。

1. So + 形容词 + be + 主词 + that + 句子(如此…以至于…)
【例】So precious is time that we can not afford to waste it. 时间是如此珍贵，我们经不起浪费它。

这是四级考试作文部分经常用到的一个套句，也是我们在第一部分要学习的第一种句型——倒装句。

我们注意到这个句子的谓语动词“be”放到的了主语的前面，这种句子成分顺序和标准句型不一致的句型就是倒装句。

倒装(The Inversion)，一般来说是一种较正式的句型，能考查考生的英文写作水平。

在文章的开头用倒装句你的文章会所以而添色很多，也是写应试作文获取高分的亮点之一，所以我们一定要学会准确地使用它，恰当地用来阐述自己的观点。

2. adj. + as + Subject(主词)+ be, S. + V. + …(虽然…)
【例】Rich as our country is, our quality of life is by no means satisfactory.
虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质却不是令人满意的。

v by no means = in no way = on no account一点也不
3. On no account can we + V. + …(我们绝对不能…)
【例】On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.
我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。

2019四级语法指导(8)

2019四级语法指导(8)倒装：倒装有全部倒装和部分倒装。

谓语部分所有单词都放在主语前是全部倒装。

谓语的一部分放在主语的前面是部分倒装。

谓语中的一部分通常是指：1、系动词;2、助动词;3、情态动词。

全部倒装的五条原则：1. There be句型(表示有);2. 以There或now开头的句子，且句子谓语动词为come或go;There you go again. 你又去那里了。

3. 以Here开头的句子，且句子谓语动词为系动词be; Here you are. 拿去。

4. 以副词out， in， up， down， away开头的句子;在2、3、4前提下，如果句子的主语是代词则用陈述句语序。

5. 以状语(常见的是地点状语)开头的句子。

例题：1. I like watching TV _C_ to the cinema.A more than to goB than goingC more than going Drather than to gothan 除构成固定短语外就要与比较级搭配，不会单独出现; rather than + 动词原形;平行结构，遇到平行结构时应做的两步：2. I would appreciate _B_ it a secret.A you to keepB your keepingC that you keepD that you will keepyour keeping 动名词的复合结构。

you keeping 也是准确的。

3. I hope my teacher will take my recent illness into _C_ when judging my examination.A regardB countingC accountD observationtake sth. into account 考虑。

4. Important people don’t often have much free time as their work _C_ all their time.A take awayB take overC take up [占据]D take in找出连接词，2 使要填部分与已给出的对应部分形式完全一样。

2019年12月英语四级语法知识点：部分倒装

2019年12月英语四级语法知识点：部分倒装英语四级高级语法：部分倒装部分倒装的形式：主谓宾保持原来的形式，谓语动词的助动词放到主语的前面。

1、当句首状语为否定词或带有否定意义的词语时，这个句子就需要部分倒装这类词语有hardly, scarcely, rarely, seldom, never, few,little, less, at no time, by no means, in no case, under no circumstance, in no way,on no account, on no consideration,no longer, not only等。

eg. He never smokes. 他从来不抽烟。

Never does he smoke. eg. Not only did the customer complain about the food, he also refused to pay for it. 这位顾客不但仅抱怨食物不好，还拒绝付费。

eg. 在任何情况下我都不会相信你。

Under no circumstance do Itrust you.2、当句首为only加状语的时候，这个句子需要部分倒装。

eg. Only with you can I feel happy. eg. 只有当你来了这，我们才能够开始会议。

Only when you come, can we start the meeting.3、so......that 结构中的so位于句首时，常引起部分倒装eg. He runs so fast that I can't catch up with him. 他跑得实在是太快了，以致于我都没有办法追上他。

So fast does he run that I can't catch up with him.eg. The moon was so bright that the flowers bright as by day. 皓月当空，花朵就像白天那样的鲜艳。

2019年12月大学英语四级考试真题+参考答案完整版

2019 年12 月大学英语四级考试真题及参考答案完整版Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)2019 年12 月14 日，大学英语四级笔试考试已经结束，各位考生对本次四级考试的做题感觉如何呢？文都教育英语老师在第一时间为大家解读2019 年12月大学英语四级考试真题参考答案，希望大家都能够顺利通过本次四级考试。

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letterto a foreign friend who wants to study. Please recommend a university tohim. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.【参考范文】Dear Lucy,I am delighted to hear that you are going to study in a Chineseuniversity. Since you have asked for my advice about choosing whichuniversity, I will try to give you some useful suggestions here.It is well known that Peking University is a great place to learn.There are several factors accounting for this choice and the followingare the most typical ones. First and foremost, Peking University is one of the top universities in China and the birthplace of many great minds.Therefore, it can provide high-quality teaching resources, which isessential for a foreign learner.In addition, Beijing is the capital of China and there are various historic buildings. They provide foreign students a good chance to know Chineseculture and history.I hope you will find these suggestions helpful and wishyou all t he best.Ming【参考译文】亲爱的露丝：Yours, Li得知你要来中国的大学学习，我很高兴。

2019年12月英语四级考试翻译真题及答案解析三套整

2019年12月英语四级考试翻译真题及答案解析三套整翻译：中国家庭十分重视孩子的教育。

许多父母认为应该努力工作，确保孩子受到良好的教育。

他们不仅非常情愿为孩子的教育投资，而且花很多时间督促他们学习。

多数家长希望孩子能上名牌大学。

由于改革开放，越来越多的家长能送孩子到国外学习或参加国际交流项目，让其拓宽视野。

通过这些努力，他们期待孩子健康成长，为国家的发展和繁荣做出贡献。

【参考范文】Chinese families attach due importance to children's education. Numerous parents deem that they should work hard to ensure that their children are well educated. Not only are they very willing to invest in their children's education, but they also spend a lot of time urging them to learn. The great majority of parents expect that their children are able to go to prestigious universities. As a result of the reform and opening up, an increasing number of parents can send their children to study abroad or participate in international exchange projects, so as to broaden their horizons. Through these efforts, they expect their children to grow up healthily and contribute to the development and prosperity of the country.【解析】：这一篇翻译的主题是中国家庭教育观念，篇章中主要考察状语以及宾语从句的翻译。

2019大学英语四级翻译轻松练：第十一期

2019大学英语四级翻译轻松练：第十一期语句层次五．倒装让步句型㈠形式一：表语+as +主语（代词）+系动词，+主句例：_________________(即使这些贵族们非常傲慢)，they are afraid to see you.答案：Proud as these nobles are(本题考察倒装句，as引导的让步状语从句常倒装，将表语提到句首，如果表语是可数名词，则其前面不加冠词)㈡形式二：表语+系动词+主语（名词），+主句例：Nobody knows ________________(这就是Albert Einstein ,一位伟大的物理学家)答案：such is Albert Einstein,a great physicist(本题考察倒装句，表语such提到了句首，后面的主语省略了主谓语)㈢形式三：副词或动词原型+as+主语…，+主句例：_____________________(我们怎么尽力)，we could not accomplish it on time.答案：Try as we might(本题考察倒装句，as 引导的让步状语从句的谓语提前，句子倒装)1.-------------------------------_______________(即使你读的快)，we could not accomplish it.2._______________(即使还是个孩子)，he knows much knowledge of science.3.If we won’t agree to your plan, _______________(他们也不会同意)。

答案：1.Fast as you read2.Child as he is3.neither will they。

2019年12月英语四级阅读理解长难句解析(11)

为备考英语四级的同学们整理了英语四级阅读理解长难句解析，希望可以为大家带来帮助，预祝大家高分通过大学英语四级考试。

2019年12月英语四级阅读理解长难句解析汇总英语四级阅读理解长难句解析(11)Had I not attended this workshop, I wouldhave automatically assumed the man was thebest candidate because the position requiredquite a bit of extensive trarrel.原文译文：如果没有参加过这次研讨会，很自然我就会认定那位男士是最佳候选人。

因为这个职位需要经常出差。

四级词汇讲解：本句的主干是I would have assumed。

倒装结构HadI not attended this workshop为条件状语从句;the man was the best candidate为assumed的宾语从句，省略了引导词that ; because引导的是原因状语从句。

assume的意思是“设想，认为”。

如：I cannot assume anything in this case. 在这种情况下，我无法作任何猜测。

a bit of本义是“少量，一点点”，前面加了quite，则意为“大量的”。

如：The novel will take a bit of reading. 这本小说不需要花很多时间来看。

英语四级考点归纳：由if引导的条件状语从句，有时可把if省略，将从句的系动词或助动词前置构成倒装，这种情况下句子一般采用的是虚拟语气，表示一种假设的概念。

如:Were it not for his help, I would be in trouble. 要不是他帮忙，我就陷入麻烦了。

(系动词were前置)Had we made adequate preparations, we might have succeeded. 我们要是准备充分的话或许就成功了。

2019年12月四级级真题及参考答案

2019年12月四级级真题及参考答案写作（共三套，忽略套数，只核对内容）第一套Dear Tom,On hearing that you are planning to teach English in China and ask me to recommend a city, I'd like to recommend our capital city, Beijing, an international metropolis.The reasons why I recommend Beijing can be listed as follows. First of all, there are a lot of English-speaking foreigners in Beijing, which helps you adapt to life here very quickly. Furthermore, as the capital of several dynasties, Beijing has a profound cultural background, so you can better experience the extensive and profound traditional Chinese culture. Most importantly, parents in Beijing, an international metropolis with many multinational companies, attach great importance to their children's English learning and many people who work in multinational companies also need to learn English.I truly hope that you can come to Beijing to start your teaching life and I'm looking forward to your arrival. If you have any question about the city, please feel free to contact me for further information.Yours sincerely,Li Ming第二套Dear Tom,On hearing that you are planning to learn Chinese in China and ask me to recommend a place, I'd like to recommend our capital city, Beijing, an international metropolis.I recommend Beijing to you because of the following reasons. First of all, there are a lot of English-speaking foreigners in Beijing, which helps you adapt to life here very quickly. Furthermore, as the capital of several dynasties, Beijing has a profound cultural background, so you can better experience the extensive and profound traditional Chinese culture. Last but not least, with many people understand and master both Chinese and English, Beijing has a good bilingual atmosphere. It is good for you to improve your Chinese. You could communicate with local people in Chinese as much as possible because practice makes perfect.I truly hope that you can come to Beijing and learn Chinese here. I'm looking forward to your arrival. If you have any question about the city, please feel free to contact me for further information.Yours sincerely, Li Ming第三套Dear Tom,I was so delighted to receive the letter from you. On hearing that you are planning to study in China, I decide to write you a letter to recommend a university. My recommendation is Xiamen University, which is one of the most outstanding universities in China.The reasons why I recommend this university can be listed as follows. First of all, Xiamen University is located in a coastal city, Xiamen, which has beautiful and attractive seaside scenery. If you study here, you can have a walk and breathe the fresh air at the end of the day's study. How comfortable andenjoyable! More importantly, Xiamen University has a high reputation for its academic contributions to China and the world.I truly hope that you can come to Xiamen University to start your college life and I am looking forward to your arrival. If you are interested in my recommendation and want to know more detail about the university, please feel free to contact me.Yours sincerelyLI Ming听力（共两套，忽略套数，只核对内容）第一套Section A: 1-71. D) A wandering cow was captured by the police.2. D) It was sent to the animal control department.3. B) It is going to be expanded4. C) Some ancient wall paintings from Australia5. A) Pick up trash.6. A) They are especially intelligent.7. B) Children may be tempted to drop litter.Section B: 8-158. C) It will cover different areas of science.9. C) It will be more entertaining.10. A) People interested in science.11. B) Provide financial support.12. D) Dissatisfied13. A) He is too concerned with being perfect。

2019年12月四级真题及答案

2019年12月四级考试真题（第一套）Part I Writing(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to teach English in China.Please recommend a city to him.You should write at least120words but no more than180words.PartⅡListening Comprehension(25minutes) Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear three news reports.At the end of each news report,you will hear two or three questions.Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once.Afteryou hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through thecentre.Questions l and2are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A)Many facilities were destroyed by a wandering cow.B)A wandering cow knocked down one of its fences.C)Some tourists were injured by a wandering cow.D)A wandering cow was captured by the police.2.A)It was shot to death by a police officer.B)It found its way back to the park’s zoo.C)It became a great attraction for tourists.D)It was sent to the animal controlQuestions3and4are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A)It is the largest of its kind.B)It is going to be expanded.C)It is displaying more fossil specimens.D)It is starting an online exhibition.4.A)A collection of bird fossils from Australia.B)Photographs of certain rare fossil exhibits.C)Some ancient wall paintings from Australia.D)Pictures by winners of a wildlife photo contest.Questions5to7are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A)Pick up trash.B)Amuse visitors.C)Deliver messages.D)Play with children.6.A)They are especially intelligent.B)They are children’s favorite.C)They are quite easy to tame.D)They are clean and pretty.7.A)Children may be harmed by the rooks.B)Children may be tempted to drop litter.C)Children may contract bird diseases.D)Children may overfeed the rooks.Section BDirections:In this section,you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversation,you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions8to11are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A)It will be produced at Harvard University.B)It will be hosted by famous professors.C)It will cover different areas of science.D)It will focus on recent scientific discoveries.9.A)It will be more futuristic.B)It will be more systematic.C)It will be more entertaining.D)It will be easier to understand.10.A)People interested in science.B)Youngsters eager to explore.C)Children in their early teens.D)Students majoring in science.11.A)Offer professional advice.B)Provide financial support.C)Help promote it on the Internet.D)Make episodes for its first season.Questions12to15are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A)Unsure.B)Helpless.C)Concerned.D)Dissatisfied.13.A)He is too concerned with being perfect.B)He loses heart when facing with setbacks.C)He is too ambitious in achieving goals.D)He takes on projects beyond his ability.14.A)Embarrassed.B)Unconcerned.C)Miserable.D)Resentful.15.A)Try to be optimistic whatever happens.B)Compare his present with his past only.C)Always learn from others’achievements.D)Treat others the way he would be treated.Section CDirections:In this section,you will hear three passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,youmust choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions16to18are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A)They have a stronger sense of social responsibility.B)They are more likely to succeed in the humanities.C)They are more likely to become engineers.D)They have greater potential to be leaders.17.A)Praise girls who like to speak up frequently.B)Encourage girls to solve problems on their own.C)Insist that boys and girls work together more.D)Respond more positively to boy’s comments.18.A)Offer personalized teaching materials.B)Provide a variety of optional courses.C)Place great emphasis on test scores.D)Pay extra attention to top students.Questions19to21are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A)It often rains cats and dogs.B)It seldom rains in summer time.C)It does not rain as much as people think.D)It is one of the most rainy cities in the US.20.A)They drive most of the time.B)The rain is usually very light.C)They have got used to the rain.D)The rain comes mostly at night.21.A)It has a lot of places for entertainment.B)It has never seen thunder and lightning.C)It has fewer cloudy days than any other coastal city.D)It has mild weather both in summer and in winter.Questions22to25are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A)It occurs when people are doing a repetitive activity.B)It results from exerting one’s muscles continuously.C)It happens when people engage in an uncommon activity.D)It comes from straining one’s muscles in an unusual way.23.A)Blood flow and body heat increase in the affected area.B)Body movements in the affected area become difficult.C)They begin to make repairs immediately.D)They gradually become fragmented.24.A)About one week.B)About two days.C)About ten days.D)About four weeks.25.A)Apply muscle creams.B)Drink plenty of water.C)Have a hot shower.D)Take pain-killers.PartⅢReading Comprehension(40minutes) Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefullybefore making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark thecorresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.You may notuse any of the words in the bank more than once.Millions of people travel by plane every single day.If you’re planning on being one of them soon,you might not be looking forward to the26feeling air travel often leaves you with.Besides the airport crowds and stress,traveling at a high altitude has real effects on the body.Although the pressure of the cabin is27to prevent altitude sickness,you could still28sleepiness or a headache.The lower oxygen pressure found in an aircraft cabin is29to that at6,000-8,000feet of altitude.A drop in oxygen pressure can cause headaches in certain30.To help prevent headaches,drink plenty of water,and avoid alcohol and coffee.Airplane food might not really be as tasteless as you31thought.The air you breathe in a plane dries out your mouth and nose,which can affect your sense of taste.Perception of sweet and salty foods dropped by almost30 percent in a simulation of air travel.However,you can make your taste buds active again by drinking water.A dry mouth may32taste sensitivity,but taste is restored by drinking fluids.Although in-flight infections33in dry environments like airplanes,your risk of getting sick from an airplane is actually low because of the air34used.Unless you’re sitting next to someone who is coughing or sneezing,you shouldn’t worry too much about getting sick.However,bacteria have been shown to live on cabin surfaces,so wash your hands35.A)adjusted I)particularB)channels J)primarilyC)equivalent K)reduceD)experience L)renovatedE)filters M)smoothF)frequently N)thriveG)individuals O)unpleasantH)originallySection BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the informationis derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2.Is Breakfast Really the Important Meal of the Day?A)Along with old classics like“carrots give you night vision”and“Santa doesn’t bring toys to misbehaving children”,one of the most well-worn phrases of tired parents everywhere is that breakfast is the most important meal of the day.Many of us grow up believing that skipping breakfast is a serious mistake,even if only two thirds of adults in the UK eat breakfast regularly,according to the British Dietetic Association,and around three-quarters of Americans.B)“The body uses a lot of energy stores for growth and repair through the night,”explains diet specialist Sarah Elder.“Eating a balanced breakfast helps to up our energy,as well as make up for protein and calcium used throughoutthe night.”But there’s widespread disagreement over whether breakfast should keep its top spot in the hierarchy （等级）of meals.There have been concerns around the sugar content of cereal and the food industry’s involvement in pro-breakfast research—and even one claim from an academic that breakfast is“dangerous”.C)What’s the reality?Is breakfast a necessary start to the day or a marketing tactic by cereal companies?The most researched aspect of breakfast(and breakfast-skipping)has been its links to obesity.Scientists have different theories as to why there’s a relationship between the two.In one US study that analysed the health data of50,000 people over seven years,researchers found that those who made breakfast the largest meal of the day were more likely to have a lower body mass index(BMI)than those who ate a large lunch or dinner.The researchers argued that breakfast helps reduce daily calorie intake and improve the quality of our diet—since breakfast foods are often higher in fibre and nutrients.D)But as with any study of this kind,it was unclear if that was the cause—or if breakfast-skippers were just more likely to be overweight to begin with.To find out,researchers designed a study in which52obese women took part in a12-week weight loss programme.All had the same number of calories over the day,but half had breakfast,while the other half did not.What they found was that it wasn’t breakfast itself that caused the participants to lose weight:it was changing their normal routine.E)If breakfast alone isn’t a guarantee of weight loss,why is there a link between obesity and breakfast-skipping? Alexandra Johnstone,professor of appetite research at the University of Aberdeen,argues that it may simply be because breakfast-skippers have been found to be less knowledgeable about nutrition and health.“There are a lot of studies on the relationship between breakfast eating and possible health outcomes,but this may be because those who eat breakfast choose to habitually have health-enhancing behaviours such as regular exercise and not smoking,”she says.F)A2016review of10studies looking into the relationship between breakfast and weight management concluded there is“limited evidence”supporting or refuting（反驳）the argument that breakfast influences weight or food intake,and more evidence is required before breakfast recommendations can be used to help prevent obesity.G)Researchers from the University of Surrey and University of Aberdeen are halfway through research looking into the mechanisms behind how the time we eat influences body weight.Early findings suggest that a bigger breakfast is beneficial to weight control.Breakfast has been found to affect more than just weight.Skipping breakfast has been associated with a27%increased risk of heart disease,a21%higher risk of type2diabetes in men,and a20%higher risk of type2diabetes in women.One reason may be breakfast’s nutritional value—partly because cereal is fortified（增加营养价值）with vitamins.In one study on the breakfast habits of1,600young people in the UK,researchers found that the fibre and micronutrient intake was better in those who had breakfast regularly.There have been similar findings in Australia,Brazil,Canada and the US.H)Breakfast is also associated with improved brain function,including concentration and language use.A review of54studies found that eating breakfast can improve memory,though the effects on other brain functions were inconclusive.However,one of the review’s researchers,Mary Beth Spitznagel,says there is“reasonable”evidence breakfast does improve concentration—there just needs to be more research.“Looking at studies that tested concentration,the number of studies showing a benefit was exactly the same as the number that found no benefit,”she says.“And no studies found that eating breakfast was bad for concentration.”I)What’s most important,some argue,is what we eat for breakfast.High-protein breakfasts have been found particularly effective in reducing the longing for food and consumption later in the day,according to research by the Australian Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation.While cereal remains a firm favourite among breakfast consumers in the UK and US,a recent investigation into the sugar content of‘adult’breakfast cereals found that some cereals contain more than three-quarters of the recommended daily amount of free sugars in each portion,and sugar was the second or third highest ingredient in cereals.J)But some research suggests if we’re going to eat sugary foods,it’s best to do it early.One study recruited200 obese adults to take part in a16-week-long diet,where half added dessert to their breakfast,and half didn’t.Those who added dessert lost an average of40pounds more—however,the study was unable to show the long-term effects.A review of54studies found that there is no consensus yet on what type of breakfast is healthier,and concluded that type of breakfast doesn’t matter as much as simply eating something.K)While there’s no conclusive evidence on exactly what we should be eating and when,the consensus is what we should listen to our own bodies and eat when we’re hungry.“Breakfast is most important for people who are hungry when they wake up,”Johnstone says.“Each body starts the day differently—and those individual differences need to be researched more closely,”Spitznagel says.“A balanced breakfast is really helpful,but getting regular meals throughout the day is more important to leave blood sugar stable through the day,which helps control weight and hunger levels,”says Elder.“Breakfast isn’t the only meal we should be getting right.”36.According to one professor,obesity is related to a lack of basic awareness of nutrition and health.37.Some scientists claim that people should consume the right kind of food at breakfast.38.Opinions differ as to whether breakfast is the most important meal of the day.39.It has been found that not eating breakfast is related to the incidence of certain diseases in some countries.40.Researchers found it was a change in eating habits rather than breakfast itself that induced weight loss.41.To keep oneself healthy,eating breakfast is more important than choosing what to eat.42.It is widely considered wrong not to eat breakfast.43.More research is needed to prove that breakfast is related to weight loss or food intake.44.People who prioritise breakfasts tend to have lower calorie but higher nutritional intake.45.Many studies reveal that eating breakfast helps people memorise and concentrate.Section CDirections:There are2passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinishedstatements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide onthe best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2with a single line through thecentre.Passage OneQuestions46to50are based on the following passage.Textbooks represent an11billion dollar industry,up from$8billion in2014.Textbook publisher Pearson is the largest publisher-of any kind-in the world.It costs about$1million to create a new textbook.A freshman textbook will have dozens of contributors,from subject-matter experts through graphic and layout artists to expert reviewers and classroom testers.Textbook publishers connect professors,instructors and students in ways that alternatives,such as open e-textbooks and open educational resources,simply do not.This connection happens not only by means of collaborative development, review and testing,but also at conferences where faculty regularly decide on their textbooks and curricula for the coming year.It is true that textbook publishers have recently reported losses,largely due to students renting or buying used print textbooks.But this can be chalked up to the excessively high cost of their books—which has increased over 1,000percent since1977.A restructuring of the textbook industry may well be in order.But this does not mean the end of the textbook itself.While they may not be as dynamic as an iPad,textbooks are not passive or lifeless.For example,over the centuries,they have simulated（模拟）dialogues in a number of ways.From1800to the present day,textbooks have done this by posing questions for students to answer inductively（归纳性地）.That means students are asked to use their individual experience to come up with answers to general questions.Today’s psychology texts,for example,ask:“How much of your personality do you think you inherited?”while ones in physics say:“How can you predict where the ball you tossed will land?”Experts observe that“textbooks come in layers,something like an onion.”For an active learner,engaging with a textbook can be an interactive experience.Readers proceed at their own pace.They“customize”their books by engaging with different layers and linkages.Highlighting,Post-It notes,dog-ears and other techniques allow for further customization that students value in print books over digital forms of books.46.What does the passage say about open educational resources?A)They contribute to teaching as much as to learning.B)They don’t profit as much as traditional textbooks do.C)They can’t connect professors and students as textbooks do.D)They compete fiercely for customers with textbook producers.47.What is the main cause of the publisher’s losses?A)Failure to meet student need.B)Industry restructuring.C)Emergence of e-books.D)Falling sales.48.What does the textbook industry need to do?A)Reform its structures.B)Cut its retail prices.C)Find replacements for printed textbooks.D)Change its business strategy periodically.49.What are students expected to do in the learning process?A)Think carefully before answering each question.B)Ask questions based on their own understanding.C)Answer questions using their personal experience.D)Give answers showing their respective personality.50.What do experts say about students using textbooks?A)They can digitalize the prints easily.B)They can learn in an interactive way.C)They can purchase customized versions.D)They can adapt the material themselves.Passage TwoQuestions51to55are based on the following passage.When we think of animals and plants,we have a pretty good way of dividing them into two distinct groups:one converts sunlight into energy and the other has to eat food to make its energy.Well,those dividing lines come crashing down with the discovery of a sea slug（海蛞蝓）that’s truly half animal and half plant.It’s pretty incredible how it has managed to hijack the genes of the algae（藻类）on which it feeds.The slugs can manufacture chlorophyll,the green pigment（色素）in plants that captures energy from sunlight, and hold these genes within their body.The term kleptoplasty is used for describe the practice of using hijacked genes to create nutrients from sunlight.And so far,this green sea slug is the only known animal that can be truly considered solar-powered,although some animals do exhibit some plant-like behaviors.Many scientists have studied the green sea slugs to confirm that they are actually able to create energy from sunlight.In fact,the slugs use the genetic material so well that they pass it on to their future generations.Their babies retain the ability to produce their own chlorophyll,though they can’t generate energy from sunlight until they’ve eaten enough algae to steal the necessary genes,which they can’t yet produce on their own.“There’s no way on earth that genes from an alga should work inside an animal cell,”says Sidney Pierce from the University of South Florida.“And yet here,they do.They allow the animal to rely on sunshine for its nutrition. So if something happens to their food source,they have a way of not starving to death until they find more algae to eat.”The sea slugs are so good at gathering energy from the sun that they can live up to nine months without havingto eat any food.They get all their nutritional needs met by the genes that they’ve hijacked from the algae.51.What is the distinctive feature of a sea slug?A)It looks like both a plant and an animal.B)It converts some sea animals into plants.C)It lives half on animals and half on plants.D)It gets energy from both food and sunlight.52.What enables the sea slug to live like a plant?A)The genes it captures from the sea plat algae.B)The mechanism by which it conserves energy.C)The nutrients it hijacks from other species.D)The green pigment it inherits from its ancestors.53.What does the author say about baby sea slugs?A)They can live without sunlight for a long time.B)They can absorb sunlight right after their birth.C)They can survive without algae for quite some time.D)They can produce chlorophyll on their own.54.What does Sidney Pierce say about genes from an alga?A)They are stolen from animals like the sea slug.B)They can’t function unless exposed to sunlight.C)They don’t usually function inside animal cells.D)They can readily be converted to sea slug genes.55.What do we learn about sea slugs from the passage?A)They behave the way most plant species do.B)They can survive for months without eating.C)They will turn into plants when they mature.D)They will starve to death without sunlight.Part IV Translation(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet2.中国汉族人的全名由姓和名组成。

四级翻译语法(倒装)图文

•Were it to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.
• Had you put on more clothes, you wouldn’t have caught cold.
• Should Mr. White call, what would you say?
练习
As/though my father is old, he keeps up with his English study.
As he waห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ tired, he continued to work. As she was young, she was already director of
助动词?
• 协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词（Auxiliary Verb）。被协助的动词称作主要动词（Main Verb）。构成时态和语态。
– 表示时态 – 表示语态 – 构成疑问句 – 与否定副词not合用，构成否定句 – 加强语气 – 最常用的助动词有：be, have, do, shall, will, should,
倒装的原因一是语法结构的需要,一是为了强调。
全部倒装 Full Inversion
倒装语序部分倒装 Partial Inversion
在全部倒装的句子中,整个谓语都放在主语的前面.
在部分倒装的句子中,只是谓语中的一部分( 如助动词、情态动词、或系动词be等）放在主语的前面，其余部分仍在主语之后。
7.在一些表示祝愿的句子中。
•May you make great progress! • May you be happy!
长对话(二)