朗文英语听说教程二听力原文-Units 3.7.8.9
朗文英语听说教程2听力原文(免费)
LECTURE AUDIOSCRIPTSUNIT 1 What’s in a Name?TEACHER: Good morning, everybody. Good morning, Felipe, Monica, Theo, and I can't remember your name.STUDENT 1: Patricia.TEACHER: Patricia, right, Patricia. Those are all beautiful names, and that's our topic today-names. Names are a culture universal. This means everyone uses names. A person's name can tell us a bit about a person's family. Today, we’ll begin by looking at first names and how people choose names for their children. And then we'll talk about family names, and look at the different categories of family names. Although the scope of the lecture today is English-language names, we can use the same approach, you know, to look at names from any culture.Let's take a brief look at first, or given names. There are several ways parents choose the first name for their child.The first way is by family history. Parents may choose a name because it is passed from generation to generation; for example, the first born son might be named after his father or grandfather. Although family names are also passed to daughters, it is usually as a middle name. Adding "junior" or "the second" for example, William Parker the se conds only done with boys', not with girls’names.The second way parents choose a name is after a family member or friend who has died recently, or after someone "they admire, like a well-known leader or a famous musician. Although most English first names mean something, for example, "Richard" means powerful and “Ann" means grace, nowadays meaning is not the main reason people select their baby's name.The third way is to provide a "push" for the child. Parents want to choose a name that sounds very "successful." A strong name might help them in the business world, for example. Or they might choose a name that works for either gender, like Taylor or Terry. So, given these three methods, what is themost common way parents choose a name? Many parents choose a name simply because they like it, or because it's fashionable or classic. Fashions in names change just as they do in clothes. One hundred years ago, many names came from the Bible names such as Daniel, and Anna, and Hannah and Matthew. Then fifty years ago, Biblical names went out of fashion. Nowadays, names from the Bible are becoming popular again.Similarly, parents often choose classic names, names that were popular in 1900, 1950, and are still popular now. Classic names for boys include Thomas, David, Robert, and Michael. And for girls: Anna, Elizabeth, Emily, and Katherine, just to name a few. They're classic. They never go out of style.Let's look at the origin of last names, also called family names or surnames. Researchers have studied thousands of last names, and they've divided them into four categories. The categories are: place names, patronymics, added names, and occupational names. A recent survey showed that of the 7,000 most popular names in the United States today, 43 percent were place names, 32 percent were patronymics, 15 percent were occupational names, and 9 percent were added names.The first category is place names. Place names usually identified where a person lived or worked. Someone named John Hill lived near a hill, for example, and the Rivers family lived near a river. If you hear the name Emma Bridges, what image do you see? Do you see a family that lives near a bridge? If you do, you get the idea.The second category is patronymics. That's P-A-T-R-O-N-Y-M-I-C-S. A patronymic is the father’s name, plus an ending like S-E-N or S-O-N. The ending means that a child, a boy, is the son of his father. The names Robertson, Petersen, and Wilson are patronymics. Robertson is son of Robert, Petersen is son of Peter, and so on.The third category is added names. Linguists sometimes call this category "nicknames," but when most of us hear the word "nickname," we think of a special name a friend or a parent might use. The word "nickname" is actually an old English word that means an additional name, an added name. So I'll use the term "added name." This category of last names is fun because the names usually described a person. Reed, Baldwin, and Biggs are examples. Reed was from "red" for red hair. Baldwin was someone who was bald, someone who had little or no hair. And Biggs.STUDENT 2: Someone big?TEACHER: Yeah, someone big, right. Now, if we look around the room, wecould probably come up with some new last names, like, uh. Curly or Strong. Now, the fourth category is occupational names. The origin of the family name was the person's occupation. The most common examples of occupational names still used today are Baker (someone who bakes bread). Tailor (someone who sews clothes). Miller (someone who makes flour for bread), and Smith. . . . Now, Smith is actually the most common name in the western English-speaking world. The name comes from an Old English word, smite, that's S-M-I-T-E, which means to hit or strike. In the old days, a smith made metal things for daily life, like tools. Every town needed smiths. What's interesting is that many languages have a family name that means Smith. In Arabic it is Haddad, H-A-D-D-A-D. In Spanish it is Herrera, H-E-R-R-E-R- A. In Italian it is Ferraro, F-E-R-R-A-R-O. And in German it is Schmidt, spelled S-C-H-M-I-D-T. All these names mean smith.Though names may tell us something about someone's family history, you need to keep in mind that they may not tell us much at all about the present. For example, there's usually not much connection between the origin of the name and the person who has it now. Take the name Cook, for instance. A person named Cook today probably doesn't cook for a living. Also, many people change their names for various reasons. Lots of people who have moved to the United States have changed their names to sound more American. This happens less now than in the past, but people still do it. People also use pen names or stage names to give themselves a professional advantage. For example, the writer Samuel Clemens used the pen name Mark Twain, and Thomas Mapother IV uses the stage name Tom Cruisey.So, let's recap now. In today’s lesson, we looked at how parents choose English first names. We also looked at some common origins of family names. In the next class, we'll look at how names are given in Korea and in Japan. This is covered in the next section of the book. That’s all for today.Unit 2 English: A Global Language? TEACHER:Today’s topic is English as a global language. I know many of you speak English as a second language, right? How about you, Hiroshi? Is English your first language?STUDENT 1: No, my first language is Japanese. English is my second language.TEACHER: And how about you, Patricia?STUDENT 2: English is my second language, too. My first language is Spanish.TEACHER: See, many of you use English as a second language, even as a global language to communicate with other people who speak English as a second language. Today, I want to give you two contrasting points of view on whether or not English is a global language. The first is that English is obviously a global language. People who support this point of view believe English is the language people all over the world use to communicate, and that it is gradually replacing other languages. The second point of view is that English is not truly a global language because it is not the main language spoken by people worldwide. Supporters of this view say that though many people speak some English worldwide, English has not replaced other languages. They acknowledge that people use English every day, for many reasons, but this doesn't mean English is replacing other languages, nor does it make English the main language spoken in the world.First, let's examine the first view. First of all, English is the dominant language of business, travel, and science. When people need a common language, they often use English. Think about it. English is often used at tourist information centers, in international hotels. If you use a taxi in Rome, and you can't speak Italian, the taxi driver is more likely to use English than any other languages. It is use at business meetings and international sports events. The European Union uses English, along with French, at its meetings….ASEAN the Asian trade group, uses English at its meetings. Can you think of other situations in which English is used as common language?STUDENT 2: How about this class? All of in the Philippines, Singapore, and Indian.TEACHER: Absolutely. Educational settings are a great example. Any others?STUDENT 2: How about a chatroom on sometimes go to chatrooms andeveryone is using English.TEACHER: Excellent example. The Internet has created a lot of communities and people often use English. In fact, most people who use the Internet know English. This helps support the view that English is a global language.The second major reason that people believe English is a global language is that it is the official language of more than seventy-five countries. This means these countries use English in schools, banks, business, and government. Of these seventy-five countries, English may be the only official language of the country, like in England, or English may be used along with other official languages, like in the Philippines, Singapore, and India. In countries like India, where so many languages are spoken, you can see how using English as an official language makes it easier for people to communicate.The third reason to support the global argument is that every year about 1 billion people study English. Why? What are some of the reasons? Hiroshi? How about you?STUDENT 1: Well, now to study, and someday I want to be in international business.TEACHER: That's a solid reason. How about you, Oksana?STUDENT 3: I'm not really sure. I just think it will help me in the future somehow.TEACHER: OK. There's a more general reason. The point is, people want and need to learn English because it offers them opportunities.To sum up, English is used every day by many people. People all over the world come in contact with each other for many reasons. They need a common language, a language to facilitate communication. Being proficient in English gives someone an advantage in these situations.OK. I have given you many examples of how English is used in a variety of situations. Nevertheless, does this mean that English is a global language?Let's look at why some people don't believe English has replaced other languages. First, there are about three times as many people who speak Chinese as their first language as those who speak English as a first language. And in many countries where some people use English for work each day, they don't use English anywhere else. Even in English-speaking countries, there are millions of people who prefer to speak a language other than English at home, with friends, or at work.Second, I mentioned before that seventy-five countries have English as their official language. This doesn't mean all, or even most of the people in these countries can speak English. For example, in India, most sources agree that only about 5 percent of the population speaks English. That's a small percentage!Third, how much English does a person need to know to be called an English speaker? People may learn some English for specific situations, such as the taxi driver I mentioned earlier. However, I think you would all agree with me that a taxi driver who knows a few phrases like where are you going?" or "What is the name of your hotel?" isn't really a proficient English speaker. Another example is Airspeak, the English that is used by air traffic controllers and pilots. A pilot for Japan Airlines or an air traffic controller in Paris needs to know Airspeak. But they may learn only the English words they need for these jobs, and therefore they can't be considered English speakers.The point here is that people all over the world may use some English for work or other situations. Nevertheless, this doesn't mean they are fluent in English. They still use their first language for daily communication. English is not their main language.So, what does this all mean? I think it's safe to say that English will continue to be the main language used in many international settings because, as I said earlier, people all over the world need a common language. And, for now, English is that language.But, English won't replace other languages for most daily communication and this, to me, is what a global language really is, one that replaces others for most everyday communication. Some people are afraid of this. They worry that as people use English more and more, their ability in their first language will decline. I think people will use English along with other languages. We are moving into a global culture, and as this continues, I think people from non-English speaking countries will want to maintain their culture, including their first language. They may still want to learn English, but I don't see them giving up their own language for English. What do you think?I'm going to stop there. I know that's a lot of information to digest. We'll continue talking about some of the differences in the English words used in various countries like Australia, Singapore, and the Philippines. That's all for today. Come see me if you have any questions.Unit 3 High Anxiety: PhobiasTEACHER: Good afternoon. Today we're going to turn to a new topic in psychology and start looking at some specific psychological problems. There are a variety of mental problems that can affect us in our daily lives-some are not so serious, like a fear of cats or of insects, and others are more serious. Now as psychologists, we try to study these different problems and find ways to help people.I want to start the discussion by talking about a fairly common kind of psychological problem-a phobia, that's P-H-O-B-I-A. First, I'll explain what a phobia is and then I'll talk about some theories on why people have phobias. As you probably know, a phobia is a fear. So do any of you have phobias? Oh, come on, you can tell me; I'm a psychologist. Yes, Monica?STUDENT 1: I have a fear of swimming. I don't like to go near the ocean. TEACHER: OK, that's not an unusual phobia. Anyone else? Ali? STUDENT 2: I hate dogs. I mean, I just don't like them. When I see a big dog, actually any dog, I just get nervous, so I avoid them.TEACHER: OK, that's another common phobia. Thanks for sharing those examples of phobias. A phobia is not a normal fear; it is an extreme fear―a very strong fear. For example, my brother, who's a successful artist, had compute r phobia. He didn't simply dislike using computers. He used to have a very strong fear of using them.Psychologists have come up with three characteristics of a phobia. People display these three characteristics if they have a phobia, not just a normal fear. Now first, a phobia is not a rational response. It's a very strong reaction, too strong for the situation. For my brother, this meant he had a very strong physical reaction if someone asked him to use a computer. He started shaking violently and had trouble breathing. Once, he even started choking. Physical reactions like this are common. Second, a phobia often lasts for a long time, for months or even years. In my brother’s case, it lasted several years. Third, the reaction is too strong for a person to control. For example, even if my brother told himself not to be afraid at the computer, it didn't help. He still felt very afraid. Usually, people avoid whatever it is they are so afraid of. So, in my brother’s case, he avoided using a computer.OK, so those are the three characteristics of phobias. It's an extreme, irrationalresponse, it's long-lasting, and it’s uncontrollable.STUDENT 3: So uncontrollable means even if you try to control it, you can't? TEACHER: Yes, it means you can't control it by trying to deny you feel the phobia. There are ways to treat phobias, and we'll talk about those in a minute. Yes?STUDENT 4: What happened to your brother? Did he get over it? TEACHER: Yes, he did. The main thing was that he decided that he wanted to get over it, and he was treated by a psychologist. Now he uses computers all the time.OK, so let's spend a minute going over some classifications of phobias. Phobias are classified by the thing or situation that the person fears. Greek or Latin names are usually used to describe the fear. Here's an example: hypno, H-Y-P-N-O, means sleep, so fear of sleep is hypnophobia. Cyno, C-Y-N-O, means dog. So a fear of dogs is ... cynophobia, right? Here's another example. Aerophobia. Listen to the first part, Aero. What's the fear? Aero as in airplane- aerophobia is fear of flying.Let's turn now to the causes of phobias. One theory is that a phobia is learned. This means something happens that causes someone, or in a sense "teaches someone" to free afraid. For example, Ali could have learned to be afraid of dogs if he was attacked and injured by one as a child.People can also learn to have phobias by watching how other people react. In fact, doctors find that phobias tend to run in families. For example, let's imagine that Ali’s mother has always been afraid of dogs. Whenever All and his mother were together and saw a dog, his mother would get very scared, very nervous. When Ali saw how his mother reacted, he would then gradually become very scared, too. He would then have developed cynophobia from watching his mother. So, you can see that there are two ways learning can be involved in phobias. So, the first theory is that a phobia is learned. Learned either by direct experience or by watching the reactions of others.The second theory says that a phobia is only a sign of a deeper problem. This means that the phobia isn't the whole problem. Let's take another example. I once treated a teenager who was very afraid of the dark. He couldn't be in a dark room by himself. He was terrified to go outside at night, and so on. According to this theory, when he acted afraid of the dark, he was really showing his fear of something else. In therapy, it was revealed that he was afraid of his father. His father was very strict when he was young, and once his father made him sit in a dark the room when he did something bad.According to this theory, his fear of the dark was a sign of his deeper, real fear of his father. Yes, question.STUDENT 4: So what did you do? Did he have to talk with his father? TEACHER: Well, no, we couldn't do that. But recognizing that he was really afraid of his father, and not the dark was the key step in the treatment. Nowhe's cured. No more fear of the dark.OK, so let's think about these two theories, and about the main difference between them. The first theory says that the phobia is the problem itself. Right? And, the second theory says that the phobia is a sign of a deeper problem the person has. Why is this difference important? It's mostly important in deciding how to treat the person. According to the first theory, if a phobia is learned, perhaps it can be unlearned. A psychologist who follows this theory will tryto teach someone to react differently, to behave differently when he or she feels afraid. Changing the p erson’s behavior is the goal. On the other hand, a psychologist who believes the second theory may start by trying to teach the person to react differently, but the doctor is interested in more than that. The doctor’s objective, or goal, is to help the patient reveal the deeper psychological problem, because it will be easier to treat the phobia if the deeper problem is identified and worked on as well.I want you to think for a minute about the significance of having these two theories, or any competing theories. What does it mean? It tells us that psychologists, like any scientists, have to continue to do research, to learn, and to test treatments we believe will be effective based on research. Treatments improve the more we learn.I’m going to stop there for today. In the next class, I want to talk about other psychological problems. Read the next unit in your book before the next class. That’s all for today.Unit 4 TV: What We WatchTEACHER: Good morning. Who watched TV last night? Ah, most of you. OK, today we are going to talk about an important part of the media—TV. Specifically, TV viewing and TV dramas. Now first, I'll give you some background, then we'll discuss what makes this type of programming, dramas, so popular worldwide.OK. Let's get started. Most of you would agree that watching TV is part of most people lives. Now statistics vary on how much TV people watch, but research shows that quite a few Americans, on average, exceed six hours of TV per day.An English professor named Cecelia Tichi has studied TV for many years. In her book, Electronic Hearth: Creating ' an American Television Culture, she discusses how the TV has become the center of activity at home. We walk into a room, turn on the TV, and suddenly the outside world becomes less important. People use TV to tune out, or forget, about the outside world. We're safe to relax and join the world of the TV shows. Do you ever feel this way about TV? ... Yes, many of you are nodding. She also sees our culture as being defined by TV Now, by this she e means that TV has a huge influence on our attitudes, on what we like to eat, on what we like to wear, on what we like to talk about. For example, popular TV shows are discussed at work, at school, in coffee shops. Why, even children four or five years old do this with their favorite shows. This shows that we live in a TV culture.Improved technology has contributed further to our TV culture. Satellite services, in particular, have expanded the TV programming in many parts of the world. There are now hundreds of TV channels people can watch, and the options continue to expand: game shows, sports, news, talk shows, comedies, TV dramas, movies, ... Man, with cable and satellite there are a lot of choices. Nielsen Media Research studies people’s TV viewing habits in the U.S. They monitor which shows are popular brand with whom. For example, popular shows have included the game show Who Wants To Be A Millionaire? And the reality TV show Survivor. They were very, very popular and watched by millions of people of all age groups.Now, all of this is really background. What I want to focus on today is one form of a popular TV show that is popular with many people of many agegroups. This is rat TV dramas, specifically TV dramas known as soap operas, or, in Spanish, telenovelas.Some of you might be familiar with telenovelas. Telenovelas and soap operas in the U.S. are similar but have one big difference—the number of episodes they have. Telenovelas and TV serials end after about 200 episodes. The story eventually ends. Soap operas in the U.S., however, continue day after day for many years and may never end. Well, for example. The Guiding Light has been on^ for more than 12,000 episodes, and on it goes. Can you believe that? More than 12,000 episodes! Soap operas started in the United States in 1959, with the show The Guiding Light. These TV shows were called soap operas because the main advertisers were companies that made soap.Now, this type of programming is popular all over the world. Dozens of countries make their own soap opera shows. Mexican soap operas have been voted the most popular TV show of the year in countries such as Korea and Russia. Japanese soap operas are sent to Belgium. U.S. soap operas are watched worldwide. The Latin American soap opera, Betty La Fea, or Betty The Ugly, was a huge success in the U.S. Brazilian telenovelas are the most widely distributed television shows in the world and have been seen in more than 100 countries. And there are many other examples.What is it about these shows that makes them popular everywhere? And why do people from very different cultures all enjoy watching the same soap opera? Well, there are a couple of reasons.One reason suggested by Robert C. Allen, who has done extensive researchon television viewing, is that many soap operas deal with universal themes that people all over the world understand. Themes are topics ---for example, family, love, personal struggle, money problems, marriage problems, health problems, job problems. Viewers do not need to know the culture in order to understand the family problems in the show.Now according to Irna Phillips, one of the creators of The Guiding Light, another reason is that people identify with the characters. They feel the characters are just like them. To quote her from an interview, "they (the soap operas) deal with life as we know it." Now by this she means the families in soap operas deal with problems of everyday life. And so, as people watch every day, day after day, a special bond or feeling develops between them and the TV family. They get to know the characters and their problems. The TV family's welfare becomes important. There is a sense of community, of sharing, of family. All of these things contribute to character loyalty. If any ofyou have watched a show regularly, you know what I mean. You watch it because you identify with the characters.Now, writers of TV shows understand that TV viewers want to have a groupof characters to know and care about. As Wendy Riche, former executive producer of General Hospital put it, "the audience wants a personal human connection and when they get it, they are devoted.” This means they become very loyal to the TV characters they watch every day. To give an interesting example from As the World Turns: Some years back, the writer wanted to have the main character, Bob Hughes, get shot on a Friday. Well, that Friday turned out to be Christmas Eve. The producers of the show told the writers. “No, no, no… he can’t be shot on this Friday’s show. Do you know why? STUDENT 1: Because it was too violent.TEACHER:Well, no, not because it was too violent, but they didn’t wanthim shot on the Friday before Christmas.STUDENT 1: Why? I mean, why not?TEACHER: Because the audience would worry all weekend about him. They wouldn’t know if he was alive or dead, and they would not enjoy Christmas. So the writers had to change the story, and have him shot after Christmas. Im ean, the viewers really identify with these characters as if they’re real people. Writers for evening TV also try to create character loyalty, but not with a continuing story. Instead, each week, the story begins and ends. However, each week the same characters appear, and viewers watch because they know the characters and they care about them, like friends. A great example of this was the show Seinfield. There were four main characters Jerry, George, Kramer, and Elaine. They each had their own problems their own personalities. Viewers got to know them, and wanted to see what would happen to them. When you think about it, don’t good writers usually do this? They developour interest in the characters so that we want to keep reading, or keep watching TV.The next time you watch a soap opera, thin about the themes that make these shows so popular worldwide. Think about how as people watch each day, they get to know the characters and become a part of that TVB community. OK, that’s all for today. Uh, it’s time for you to go home and watch some TV!。
视听说教程第二版听力全新版大学英语（第二版）听说教程2听力原文
视听说教程第二版听力全新版大学英语(第二版)听说教程2听力原文导读：就爱阅读网友为您分享以下“全新版大学英语(第二版)听说教程2听力原文”资讯，希望对您有所帮助，感谢您对的支持!Unit OnePart A1. 172. 19633. 1.984. 2165. 19846. 19867. 30418. third9. 198710. 1988 11. four 12. ten 13. 1998 14. six 15. 1990s 16. 45 17. sixth18. 1998 19. 1999 20. five 21. 1999 22. 2001 Part BExercise 11. d2. bExercise 21. Because she wants to enjoy good health. She also wants to stay in shape and look good2. Both Peter and Laura like cycling and swimming. Laura also plays tennis regularlyPart C.1. d2. c3. d4. c5. bUnit TwoPart A.1. Yes2. No3. Yes4. No5. Yes6. No7. No8. NoPart BExercise 1.1. for a while2. plans, this Saturday3. have dinner, weekend4. Italian, too much food5. Chinese, Japanese Exercise 21. It uses natural flavors, not much oil or cream or heavy sauces1. They will have dinner on Saturday at either a Chinese ora Japanese restaurantPart C1. b2. c3. dUnit ThreePart A1. a. Fine and pleasant b. 18℃（64℉） c. cloudy with heavy showers moving in from the west2. a. It started around 8 p.m and lasted for about three hoursb. It caused foru deaths and serious damage including a widespread power failurePart BExercise 11. b2. a3. dExercise 21. They went to the department picnic but their fun was spoiled by the hot weather1. Because he thinks it’ll only be a short shower that cools things off a littlePart C1. a2.b3. c4. d5. bUnit FourPart A.1. However; a2. Because; d3. Firtly; then, finally; c4. In short; bPart B.Exercise 12 4 5 10 12 13 16 17Exercise 21. b2. d3. c4. aPart C1. enrouraged2. talent3. composed4. conquest5. steady6. enthusiastic7. investing8. her real breakthrough in America came when she was selected by Disney to sing the theme song of Beauty and the Beast9. In 1996 she performed at the opening ceremony of the 1996 Atlanta Olymic Games10. She sings the depth and the power of love in a great many of her hits such as “Love Can Move Mountains”, “Because You Loved Me”, “The Power of Love”Unit 5Part A1. c2. dPart BExercise 11. d2. d3. c4. dExercise 21. She has suffered from insomnia for several months and lately has had a lot of indigestion1. He gave the patient some medicine for insomnia and indigestion. He also advised the patient to have a proper diet and begin a regular exercise programPart C1. d2. b3. b4. a5. dUnit 6Part A1. They are probably business partners1. One is showing the other the buidling where her company has offices1. 2nd 8th 9th 1stintroduction history business marketsPart BExercise 11. They are discussing which candidate is more suitable fora vacant position in the company1. Leader of a group1. Being dynamic1. Because he has no experience in leadership1. Because he hasalways been a follower, not a leaderExercise 2Loyal, twenty No experience Peter personnel management experience Joan Peter and CliveExperienced, solid reliable caustious, dynamic Peter and ClivePart C1. c2. c3. a4. d5. cUnit 7Part Aa medium-sized white T-shirt, a slogan on the front, a shop assistant in getting what he wantsPart BExercise 11. b2. c3. dExercise 21. interesting, handsome, successful, sporty, fashionable, fun1. great, terrible1. the high status group, taste and style, image1. brightens, good, face another day, energy1. high fashion, practical, the image, the realityPart C1. significant 2 relatively 3. concentrate 4. iberal 5. editor 6. ready-to-wear 7. expand8. Vera Wang herself is a very good skater and she had Olympic dreams too9. However, her love for the sport never ceased10. I don’t know if designing costumes for Nancy has been good in terms of actual sales, but it has been tremendous for name recognitionUnit 8Part A1. Learn to like yourself1. Self-esteem grows out of achieving realistic goals1. T ake occasional days of rest1. Exercise1. Get enoug sleep to feel rested1. Build close relationshipsPart BExercise 11. b2. d3. d4. b5. c6.dExercise 2millions, dream of swimming, one million, receive, $25000 to $40000, twenty, taxes, differentpursue their own interests, home, travel, their children’s college education Mosta small number stay on their jobs security opportunities happinessPart C1. c2. b3. d4. dUnit 9Part A1. b2. c3. dPart BExercise 11. c2. b3. aExercise 21. His belief that one day he would become a movie star 1. Parking cars for one of Hollywood’s big restaurant1. No, his pay was only basic. But he got generous tips from guests driving into the restaurant1. Larry parked the car of a famous film director and was able to introduce himself to the man1. a. Many big film companies are interested in meb. Many big companies are pressing me to pay their bills Part C1. b2. d3. b4.aUnit 10Part A1. 1. earthquake2. three days ago3. Turkey4. 100005. 340002. 1. explosion 2. early this morning3. 1084. 385. 11Part BExercise 11. Three months ago2. In the middle of a jungle3. A terrible storm4. All on board the plane except the narrator5. One (the narrator)Exercise 21. It rolled and shook in the wind1. No. It arrived nine days later because it was raining heavily and the helicopt ers couldn’t fly in the heavy rain. T o make the matter worse, the plane crashed in a swamp in the middle of a jungle.1. Yes. She was in terrible pain and couldn’t move1. By drinking dirty floodwaterPart C1.c2. d3. a4. bUnit 11Part A1. Neutral2. Positive3. Positive, respectfulPart BExercise 11. a2. b3. d4. c5. aExercise 21. stockbroker2. retailing3. March 6, 19264. New York5. music school6. economics7. Commerce8. master’s degree9. PhD10. Industrial 11. economic consulting 12. Federal GovernmentPart C1. Microsoft2. farewell3. software4. toughest5. legal6. long-term7. impactful 8. which is that the day-to-day work is fun and enjoyable9. So it’s a spec ial group of people who put so much into it10. There won’t be a day of my life that I’m not thinking about Microsoft, and the great things that it’s doing, and wanting to help.Unit 12Part A1. computer labs for the schools, poor rural1. cooperating, India, software professionals1. computer virus, attackPart BExercise 11. b2. b3. d4. b5. c6. aExercise 21. an ambulance crew1. had trouble breathing and moving1. the rescuers came to her help1 surfing the Net for fun3 the international, put a call through to the student’s countryPart C1. c2. b3. b4. aUnit 13Part A1 f2 e 3. dPart BExercise 11. a2. c3. d4. a5. bExercise 258, unemployed, tire, suitcase, dropped, scene, picked up Next, TV, winner, return, keep prize conscience, return the money to its owner radio hundreds trickInto cash, 60 handed over expectation tears Part C1. b2. d3. b4. dUnit 14Part A1893 kindergarten teachers studentsTitle Good children to greet their teacher1924 book of music added writer unknown 1930s appeared movies radio shows permission Won the copy right Happy Birthday to You different lyricsPublicly gets paidPart BExercise 11. parking space, grocery cart, in line1. Phone-In Drive-through Market1. drive-through convenience, banks, fast food, catalog shopping1. save time1. goods, ordered, good quality $1.5 each other Exercise 2in the item numbers of the goods you ordermakes a print-out of your listthe goods on your list in a warehousedrive up to the market, and punch your code into a terminalwrite a checkPart C1. b2. c3. c4. dT est OnePart A1. b2. c3. b4. c.5. b6. c7. a.8. b Part B9. d 10. b 11. d 12. c 13. c 14. b 15. dPart C16. stocks 17. exhibition 18. techniques 19.activities 20. research21. modem 22 software23. Delivery time for e-mail from Europe to the USA is about 10 seconds24. What’s reallyextraordinary about the Internet is the aount and variety of information available25. Services are also available that allow you to do your banking, reserve airline tickets, and even shop for a Mother’s Day giftPart D26. c 27. d 28. c 29. c 30. c 31. a 32. d 33.b 34.c 35. aT est TwoPart A.1. d2. c3. d4. c5. d6. b7. c8. a Part B9. d 10. d 11. a 12. b 13. c 14. b 15. cPart C16. forecast 17. unusual 18. Fortunately 19. extreme 20. rarely 21. global。
《听力教程》2第二版第七单元文本
Unit7Section One Tactics for ListeningPart 1 Phonetics-Stress, Intonation and AccentJoanna: Who? Mary? She doesn't go out with anyone, you know.Joanna: No. Well, if you ask me, she doesn't like anybody.Joanna: Oh, a meal. Yes, that'd-be nice. But where? I don't want to eat anywhere. Joanna: Do you think so? Mm -- of course, she doesn't approve of anyone. Joanna: Yes. But what d' you suggest? She won't enjoy anything, will she ... Joanna: No, I asked her. I think she doesn't want to go anywhere.Joanna: I know. It's odd isn't it. Never mind. We don't have to go out with anyone. Joanna: In fact. let's not go out with anyone.Joanna: OK. Just you and me. Bye!Part 2 Listening and Note-TakingMountain Rescue ServiceWhen an accident is reported to the Mountain Rescue Service the first thing that happens is that the person who reports the accident is closely questioned.The rescue group needs to find out a number of details. First, they need to know exactly where the accident happened, with a map reference if possible. Then they will want to know the time of the accident. They will also need to know how many people were involved in the accident and what kind of injuries there were. Finally, they will ask for other useful details, such as the colour of the victim's clothing and the weather conditions.Then the rescue team's call-out procedure begins. Team members keep their personal equipment at home so as to be ready to set off within fifteen minutes of receiving the call. The advance party of about four people sets off right away. They carry a radio telephone with them to send details to the main party and to the base. They are also equipped and trained to give immediate medical assistance.The main party follows the advance party. They carry a radio telephone and more supplies,including a stretcher for the victim. The third party on the mountain is the back-up group. Their job is to help the main party on its return journey.Rescue control is set up in a mobile base. This vehicle carries the team's supplies other than personal equipment. It is equipped with radio telephone and the means of providing hot food and drinks. The base is set up near a telephone so that extra help, for example ambulance, doctor,helicopter or reserves, can be contacted without delay.Exercise A:1. The first thing that happens is that the person who reports' the accident is closely questioned.2. They will also need to know how many people were involved in the accident and what kind ofinjuries there were.3. The third party on the mountain is the back-up group.4. Their job is to help the main party on its return journey.5. The base is set up near a telephone so that extra help can be contacted without delay.Exercise B:Mountain Rescue ServiceI. The rescue group finds out a number of details.A. The place where the accident happened.B. The time of the accident.C. Details about the victim.II. Then the rescue team's call-out procedure begins.A. Team members keep their personal equipment at home so as to beready to setoff within fifteen minutes of receiving the call.B. The advance party of about four people sets off right away.1. They carry a radio telephone with them to send details to the mainparty and to the base.2. They are also equipped and trained to give immediate medical assistance.C. The main party follows the advance party.1. They carry a radio telephone and more supplies, including astretcher for the victim.D. The third party on the mountain is the back-up group.1. Their job is to help the main party on its return journey.III. Rescue control is set up in a mobile base.A. This vehicle carries the team's supplies other than personal equipment.B. It is equipped with radio telephone and the means of providing hotfood and drinks.C. The base is set up near a telephone so that extra help, for exampleambulance, doctor, helicopter or reserves can be contacted without delay.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialoguesDialogue 1 Stressed OutFriend: Are you OK, Mia? You look beat. You look really tired.Mia: I am. I can't seem to sleep at night. I've been under a lot of pressure lately --a lot of stress.Friend: What's up?Mia: I've got a million things to do. I'm busy at work. I'm working on the house too, you know. I'm trying to fix it up. I need to finish it beforewinter. Just lots of deadlines.Friend: Any way I can help?Mia: Thanks, but not really. It's just things l have to do.Friend: Well, you need to manage that stress a little better. Are you getting any exercise?Mia: Who has time?Friend: You really should ride a bicycle to the store, or walk to work a couple of days a week, or go swimming at the community center. It helps me to getexercise when I'm busy. You don't have to become a fitness nut*, you know. Mia: That is a good suggestion. It's just the time, you know. I'm always thinking of what Ishould be doing.Friend: No wonder you can't sleep. A lot of people learn to meditate* or learn yoga.Meditation and yoga are supposed to be good ways to deal with stress. Theyhelp you relax.Mia: Yoga? Maybe I'll call the community center. They might have some classes there.Friend: You know, another thing you can do is to take vitamins. You use up a lot of vitamins andyou don't get them in your meals all the time. They won't help the stress, but they mighthelp your body handle it better. You really should take vitamins every day. Mia: Yeah, I should get some. Thanks.Friend: How about going out with Rosa and me this Friday? It'll do you good. We could see amovie, make you forget your problems. Have a little fun.Mia: You know, you're right about all of this. Let's go somewhere Friday night, have dinner, see a movie. That'll be fun.Friend: Now you're talking!Mia: OK. See you Friday. Got to get back to work!Friend: Mia, you're hopeless, truly hopeless.Exercise A:F I. Mia looks fired and beaten. (You look beat means you look tired.)T 2. Mia has been under a lot of pressure probably because she finds it difficult to meet thedeadlines. (Mia: I've g6t a million things to do .... Just lots of deadlines.) T 3. She is repairing her house herself. (Mia: I'm working on the house too, you know. I'mtrying to fix it up.)T 4. Her friend believes exercise can help you relax.T 5. Her friend also believes that if you get regular exercises you will probably become afitness nut. (Friend: Well, you need to manage that stress a little better. Areyou gettingany exercise?)T 6. Mia has insomnia. (Mia: I can't seem to sleep at night.)T 7. Meditation and yoga are supposed to be good ways to deal with stress. (Friend: A lot ofpeople learn to meditate or learn yoga. Meditation and yoga are supposed to be goodways to deal with stress.)F 8. Medication can also relieve stress. (Friend: They won't help the stress, but they mighthelp your body handle it better.)T 9. Mia will go out with her friend Friday evening. (Mia: OK. See you Friday.) T 10. Mia is probably a workaholic. (Mia: ... Got to get back to work! / Friend: Mia, you'rehopeless, truly hopeless.)Dialogue 2 ReflexologyReflexology* is foot massage. It comes from ideas of traditional Chinese medicine. Reflexology believes that rubbing parts of the foot can help other parts of the body.Woman: Did I tell you about the reflexology class I'm taking at the Asia Center? Man: The what class?Woman: Reflexology. It's foot massage ... you know, from Chinese medicine. Man: Foot massage?Woman: Yeah. It's wonderful. Here, let me show you what I've learned. Take off your shoes and socks.Man: Are you serious?Woman: Just try itMan: OK.Woman: The important thing to understand is that parts of your foot are connected to other partsof your body.Man: Yeah, my legs.Woman: No. I mean certain places on your foot are connected to other places, other parts of your body. So when you massage a part of your foot, it'sgood for another part. For example, look at your big toe.Man: Uh-huh.Woman: The area on the bottom of the big toe is connected to your brain. Do you have headaches?Man: Headaches? Sometimes.Woman: So just rub the area on the bottom of your big toe. It will help your brain. Man: Huh? Huh. [pause] Actually, my eyes hurt more often than my head. Myeyes get tired from using the computer at work.Woman: Massaging your other toes can help your eyes. On the bottom of each toe, there's a small area. They're round, like circles. Well, rubbing thesecircles makes your eyes feel better. It relaxes tired eyes.Man: Here? This area under each toe?Woman: Yeah. But that's not the only place for tired eyes. If your eyes really hurt, find the areaunder your two smallest toes ... there by your two smallest toes.Man: Uh-huh.Woman: It looks something like the letter "U." Massage that U. It will help when you feel really bad pain in your eyes. [pause]Man: What else?Woman: Well, now move down your foot on the outside. Find the widest part of your foot on theoutside, there's an area related to your shoulders. Massage it firmly -- not so hard that ithurts, but you should be firm. This will help the muscles in your shoulders.Man: Like stiff shoulders, that kind of thing?Woman: Right. [pause] Now let's look at the other side of your foot. On the inside of your foot, put your fingers near the top -- on the inside, just under thebig toe. Slowly and firmly, rub from the top all the way to your heel ... tothe end of your foot. This area will heal your back. If you have backaches,rub this long, narrow area several times a day.Man: The whole inside edge helps the back?Woman: That's right. [pause] How's your stomach? Do you get stomachaches? Man: Not very often ... well, sometimes, if I eat too much.Woman: Find the area in the center of your foot. It goes from the inside edge of your foot almostall the way to the other side. It's almost like a small egg. Massage it firmly. It can helpyour stomach.Man: Here, in the middle?Woman: Right. [pause] You can work on your knees, too. If you have sore knees, move your hand to the bottom, outside edge of your foot, the sole of yourfoot, by the heel. Rub firmly. [pause]Man: You know, this is kind of interesting. But actually, you know what hurts the most? My feet. I get blisters a lot.Woman: Blisters? Maybe you need bigger shoes.Part 2 PassageEating CultureDon’t Americans know that eating immoderate quantities of French fries and pizza can lead to overweight? Almost 80 percent know that high fat intake may lead to health problems, 86 percent are aware that cholesterol can mean trouble, and 88 percent know that sodium may have negative effects on health.This leaves obesity researchers struggling with the questions of why we eat a lot of fat when we know it makes us fat. What’s more, overweight is on the rise, even a s popular culture continues to celebrate slimness, to the point of embracing fashion models as standards of female beauty.A couple of different forces are pushing Americans toward overweight, even though we value slenderness. First, broad changes have conspired to make many adults feel stressed at home and work, from corporate downsizing to being a single parent. They eat as a form of release. People are eating more because it’s a form of gratification.Second, Americans live in the only country in the world where pie-eating contests are old-fashioned fun, and all-you-can-eat restaurants dot the landscape.Many obesity experts believe that cultural standards of slenderness are primarily embraced by white Americans, to whom slimness becomes more important with increasing income. Yet blacks, particularly black women, don’t necessarily buy into the slim-is-better philosophy.If there is greater acceptance of overweight among black women, it’s unclear whether it promotes their higher-than-average rates of overweight or results from them. One thing is certain: this high prevalence of overweight among blacks is not genetic. Obesity is not an issue for blacks native to Africa. The low household incomes of many blacks living in the U.S. may play a major role in their high levelsof overweight. If you’re poor, your learn to eat foods that yield the greatest amount of energy fro the lowest cost--that’s fat.B: C B B CCACAC: 1, They know that eating immoderate quantities of French fries and pizza can lead to overweight.2, People are eating more because it’s a form of gratification3, Americans live in he only culture in the world where pie-eating contests are old-fashioned fun, and all-you-can-eat restaurants dot the landscape.4, It is not genetic.5, Because they are poor and have to learn to eat foods that yield the greatest amount of energy for the lowest cost--- that’s fat.Part 3 NewsNews Item 1One in three of us will be diagnosed with cancer during our life. The disease tends to affect older people —but can strike at any time. Excluding certain skin cancers, there were more than 270,000 new cases of the disease in 2001 —and the rate is increasing by about 1% a year. Some cancer, such as breast, are becoming more common, while new cases of lung cancer fall away due to the drop in the number of smokers. However, while the overall number of new cancers is not falling, the good news is that successful treatment rates for many of the most common types are im-proving rapidly.Exercise A：This news item is about the present situation of cancer.Exercise B:1. One in three of us will be diagnosed with cancer during our life.2.The disease tends to affect older people--but can strike at any time.3. The rate is increasing by about 1% a year4. New cases of lung cancer fall away due to the drop in the number of smokers5., The good new is that successful treatment rates for many of the most common types are improving rapidly.News Item 2A new World Bank study warns that HIV and AIDS may damage African economies far worse than had been believed. The reports said African nations with high rates of AIDS could see as much as half of their entire domestic product disappear within 90 years. The study shows that AIDS kills mostly young adults. Many children are then left without parents. It said children whose parents die of AIDS are less likely to complete their education. As a result, they failed to gain the skills to make them productive adults. The study said that immediate action must be taken to keep infected people alive so that they can care for and educate their children.Exercise A:This news item is about a new World Bank study which warns that HIV andAIDS may damage African economies far worse than had been believed.Exercise BI.A new World Bank study warning1. HIV and AIDS may damage African economies far worse than had been believed.2. African nations with high rates of AIDS could see as much as half of theirentire domestic product disappear within 90 years.11. Harmful influence on young adults and their children1. The study shows that AIDS kills mostly young adults. Many children are then leftwithout parents2. It said children whose parents die of AIDS are less likely to completetheir education. As a result, they failed to gain the skills to makethem productive adults.3. The study said that immediate action must be taken to keep infectedpeople alive so that they can care for and educate their children.News Item 3The annual AIDS report from the United Nations said Tuesday that almost 5 million people became infected with HIV last year -- the largest number of new infections since the disease was discovered in 1981.The report called for expanded AIDS-prevention efforts, which it said reach just one in five people worldwide.The face of AIDS has become increasingly female and young -- nearly half of the almost 38 million people infected with HIV worldwide are women and half are between the ages of 15 and 24.Almost three million people died from AIDS last year, bringing to more than 20 million the number of AIDS deaths in more than two decades.Sub-Saharan Africa -- with just I 0 percent of the world's population is home to more than 60 percent of people living with HIV -- remained the hardest-hit region. An estimated 25 million people are infected with HIV, 2.2 million in the last year.Exercise A:This news item is about the serious condition of the expansion of the new infection with HIV.Exercise B:1. F2. T3. F4. T5. F6. TSection Three Oral WorkRetellingScreenwriters, as Tom Schulman quickly learned, have long been the lowest members on the Hollywood totem* pole."If I had any inclination to get a big head, the Oscars cured that," he once recalled. "The presenter who gave me the award [for Dead Poet's Society] was Jane Fonda She had recently been in the news because she had started dating Ted Turner.Anyway, she handed me the Oscar and 1 made my little speech and we went together into the pressroom where there was a small stage in front of bleachers* filled with about 60 press members, who were supposed to ask the winner questions.Jane 'and 1 took the stage and she said, "I'd like to introduce you to Tom Schulman who's just won an Oscar for Best Original Screenplay. Do you have any questions?"There was a barrage* of questions. "Jane, what's it like with Ted? Are you getting married?" etc. And she said, "Come on, this isn't my night, it's Tom's night. Please direct your questions to him."So there's a little pause and somebody says, "Tom, what's it like getting an Oscar from Jane'? What's your thought -- you think she'll many Ted?''Section Four Supplementary ExercisesThe Public Library of ScienceBefore scientists can earn a Nobel Prize, or any recognition, first they must get their work published. There are major publications like Science and Nature, but also many others. Some scientific publications cost a lot to receive in paper form. But most publishers also charge to read reports over the Internet. The reports often include findings of research paid for with public money.Some scientists think it is wrong to charge for scientific knowledge. Three years ago, a number of medical researchers organized the Public Library of Science. They urged scientific publishers to release reports on the Internet without charge. They were not satisfied with the steps taken. So the library decided to publish research on its own. The organizers say they hope to show that free sharing of scientific knowledge will speed the progress of science and medicine.Next year the Public Library of Science, or PLOS, will launch a publication called PLOS Medicine. Earlier this month the library released its first publication, PLOS Biology. It came out in print and online. The writers of the reports pay the costs of editing and publishing. As with many publications, other scientists read the articles to judge if the work should be published.One of the reports in PLOS Biology made a lot of news. The report tells about experiments in which scientists connected devices to the brains of monkeys. These devices permitted the monkeys to control a mechanical arm with their thoughts.Exercise A:1. D2. A3. C4. C5. BExercise B:I.T 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. TExercise C:Your opinionDirections: Listen to the passage again and give your opinion on the following topics."The organizers say they hope to show that free sharing of scientific knowledge will speed the progress of science and medicine."1. What problems will occur regarding free sharing of information on the Internet?2. Do you have your research paper published in print or online? Why?Passage 2 CancerCancer is the general name for a large group of diseases. It occurs when cells in the body grow and divide out of control.Our bodies are made up of millions of cells. Layers of cells form tissues. Normal cells grow, divide, and die in an orderly way. This process helps keep our bodies healthy.Cancer cells grow and divide too quickly. The process usually starts when something damages the genetic structure (DNA*) inside the cells, instead of dying in an orderly way, cancer cells keep growing, lump together* and form an extra mass of tissues. This mass is called a malignant tumor. As a malignant* tumor grows, it damages nearby tissue. A malignant tumor can take a long time (up to 30 years) or a short time (2 or 3 years) to cause symptoms. Cancer can begin in one part of the body and spread to others. This is called metastasis*. During metastasis; cancer cells travel through the body. In the new location, cancer cells create a new malignant tumor and grow out of control.Not all tumors are malignant. Some are benign, which means they aren't cancerous. Benign tumors usually aren't life threatening. They can usually be removed and rarely come back.We're not exactly sure what causes cancer. We don't always know why one person gets it and another doesn't. However, we do know a lot about the risk factors for cancer. The more we know about the risk factors, the more we can do to protect ourselves.Risk is a person's chance of getting a disease over a certain period of time.A person's risk factors make up a person's risk.A risk factor is anything that raises or lowers a person's chance of getting a disease. You can control some of them, but not all of them. Risk factors for cancer include:◆ A lifestyle choice, like what a person eats;◆An environmental exposure, like smoke from other people'scigarettes;◆Genetic make-up or family history;◆Another disease or medical problem.These things mix together with different effects on different people. Some people are more sensitive to risk factors than others. Just because you have one or even several risk factors does not mean you will definitely get cancer. And avoiding risk factors does not guarantee you will be healthy.Exercise A:Risk factors for cancer include the followings:1. A lifestyle choice, like what a person eats;2. An environmental exposure, like smoke from other people's cigarettes;3. Genetic make-up or family history;4. Another disease or medical problem.Exercise B:1.C2. D3.B4. A5. B6. A7. B8. CExercise C:1. Cancer occurs when cells in the body grow and divide out of control.2. The process of normal cells helps keep our bodies healthy.3. Not all tumors are malignant. Benign tumors can usually be removed and rarely come back.4. A risk factor is anything that raises or lowers a person's chance of getting a disease.5. Some people are more sensitive to risk factors than others. Just because you have one or even several risk factors does not mean you will definitely get cancer. And avoiding risk factors does not guarantee you will be healthy.。
英语听力教程(第2册)Unit 2 听力原文
Unit 2 听力原文PartⅠBH—House agent W—Woman M—ManH: …right, if you’d just come this way.W: Thank you.M: Yes.H: Er…on the right here we have the…er…the bathroom, which as you can see is fully…fully fitted. If we just move forward now, we…er…come into the er…main … main bed-sitting room here. And…er…on the left here are dining room table and chairs.W: Oh yes.M: Yes.H: And er…straight ahead of us…um…foldaway double bed and mattress, which I think you’ll agree is quite a novel idea.M: Oh yes.H: And then…um…to…W: Behind the armchair.H: Yes, behind the armchair. To our right, um…in the corner there, a fitted wardrobe. And another one on my left here.W: On either side of the bed?H: Yes, that’s right. That’s right, so you can put all you…er…night attire or what … whatever jyou like in here.M: Yes, that’s good.H: (facing the door) Then, there…the…we have the sofa here…er…in front of the…um…the window.M: Oh, yes.H: Er…so there’s plenty of light coming through into the room and as you can see there’s a nice view through the windows there.W: No curtains, though.H: No curtains, but we’ve got roller blinds.W: Oh.H: Yes, they’re nice and straight forward. No problems about that—don’t have to wash them of course. And…um…on the left of the…er…sofa there, you can see nice coffee tables.H: If…if we move straight a … straight ahead, actually, into the …er… the kitchen you can see that um…on my left here we’ve got a washing machine, tumble dryer and …um…electric cooker…W: Oh yes.M: Mmm.H: All as you can see to the most modern designs. And there um…on the other side of the kitchen…um…refrigerator there in the…in the corner.M: Oh yeah, yes.W: Oh, what a nice little cubbyhole! Yes, very neat.H: Yes. Well…um… I don’t know whether you’ve got any questions. That’s it of course.W: Well, could…could we perhaps see the bathroom, because we…we didn’t see that?H: OK, yes, yes, Let’s…um…let’s go on out of here and…um…end up in the bathroom…CD—Dave R—RandallD: Hi Randall. (Hi.) Come on in.R: Uh, yeah, I stopped by to see if you were still looking for a roommate to share your house.D: Yep. I sure am. Ever since I cut back on my working hours to go to school, I’ve been really strapped for cash.R: Oh.D: Hey, let me show you the place. Uh, here’s the living room.R: Oh. It looks like you could use a new carpet…and those stains?D: Well, I’ve had a few problems with some former roommates. I know it needs to be cleaned, but I just don’t have the money to do it right now.R: Oh. And what about the kitchen?D: Right this way. Look. It’s completely furnished with all the latest appliances, except…R: What?D: Well, the refrigerator door is broken…a little bit…and it won’t shut all the way. It needs fixing, but don’t worry. I’ve just impoversihed by pushing a box against it to keep it shut.R: Hmm. Great.D: Ah. It isn’t that bad.R: Well how about the bathroom?D: Well…R: No, no. Don’t tell me. The toilet is clogged or the sink has a few leaks.D: No, those work fine, but, uh, the tile in the shower needs to be replaces, and the window needs fixing.R: Let me see. The tile…what? The window? Where’s the window pane?D: Well, that’s another slight problem. I’ve put up a piece of cardboard to keep out the (Hmmm) rain and snow, and if it gets a little cold, you can always turn up the heat. Well, you used to until the central heating went out. (Oh, boy.)R: Hey, I think I’ve seen enough. I can’t believe you’ve survived under these conditions.D: So what do you think? You really can’t beat a place like this for $450 a month. So it has its problems, but we can fix those.R: Uh, no thank you. I think I’ve seen enough.Part Ⅱ1. My dream house would be a canal boat. I’d like to wake up every morning and see the water. Erm, I’d paint it bright red, and it would have a little roof-garden for all my pot-plants.2. My ideal house would be modern, ermm, it would be made of bricks, and it would have white pillars outside the front door, and it would be detached…on yes, it would have a garage.3. My ideal home would be to live in a cottage in a small village by the sea. Er, somewhere like Cornwall, so it’s unspoilt and there are cliffs and trees around.4. I think if I could have any sort of house, I’d like one of those white-walled villas in Spain. (It’d) Be marvelous to be able to just fall out of bed and into the sea first thing in the morning. (It’d) Be absolutely great. All that heat. Marvelous.5. I’ve always wanted to live in a really big house in the country, a big family house with, er…at least two hundred years old, I think, with a big garden, and best of all I’d like to have a dry-stonewall around the garden. I’ve always lived dry-stone walls.6. D’you know, I may sound daft but what I’ve always wanted to do is live somewhere totally isolated, preferably somewhere enormous like a castle or something, you know, right out in…by the sea or even sort of in a little island, on an island, you know, out at sea, where you have to get there by a boat or something, where it’s cut off at high tide. I think it’d be really great. Questions1. According to the first speaker, in what color would her dream house be painted?2. Where would she put all her pot-plants?3. In the second speaker’s opinion, what would there be outside the front door of his ideal house?4. What would there be around the third speaker’s ideal home?5. When the fourth speaker got up in the morning, what would he do first?6. What is Spain famous for?7. According to the fifth speaker, what would she like to have around the garden of her dream house?8. How should one get to the last speaker’s ideal house?Part ⅢW—Wendy Stott H—House ownerW: Oh hello. (Hello.) My name’s Wendy Scott. Did the estate agent ring you and tell you I was coming?H: Oh yes, yes I was expecting you. Do come in. (Thank you.) Have you had the particulars and everything? Did the estate agent give you, you know, all the details?W: Oh yes. Yes I have, and I was rather interested; that was why I came round this afternoon. You seem to have decorated quite recently…H: Yes, oh, yes, it was decorated last year. Now this is the … this is the kitchen.W: Yes…er… What kitchen equipment are you leaving behind or are you going to take it all?H: Well, you know it rather depends on what I end up buying. I’ve got something in mind at the moment but as you know these things can take ages (Yes.) but the place I’m going to has no gas so I’ll probably be leaving this stove, this oven here.W: Is it…is it quite new? Have you had it long?H: Oh, no, not long. It’s about five or six years old. (I see.) I’ve found it very reliable but I shall be taking that fridge but you can see everything else. It’s a fully fitted kitchen.W: Yes, what about the dishwasher…um…is that a dishwasher under the sink?H: No, no, that’s a washing machine, I shall be taking that, yes, I will but there is plumbing for a washing machine. (Right.)W: Is the gas cooker the only gas appliance you’ve got?H: No, no, there is a gas fire but I don’t use it very much; it’s in the main room, the lounge.W: Oh. Right. That seems fine.H: Well, then across here if you’d like to come in with me, this is the sitting room. (Oh. Yes.) Well you can see for yourself it is really.W: Oh I like the windows, right down to the floor, that’s really nice…H: Yes, yes, they are nice. It’s got a very pleasant view and there’s a balcony you can sit out on in the summer. (Yes, it’s a nice view.) Yes, it is nice. Now then across here this is the smallest bedroom; (Yes.) there are three rooms, this is the smallest and it’s no more really than a box room but of course you can get a bed in.W: You could make it into a study. It would be more useful I think.H: Yes, well I think somebody else has got this room as a study. Then this…this is the second bedroom. (Yes.) As you can see it’s got a fitted cupboard and those shelves there they are also fitted.W: Have you got an airing cupboard anywhere?H: Oh. Yes, there’s one in the bathroom. I’ll show you that in a moment. (Oh right.) Now this is the third bedroom, this is the largest bedroom. (Oh.) Of course it’s got the wash basin, double fitted cupboard, plenty of space really, there, (Very nice.) and of course this room does take the double bed. Now…um…this is the bathroom. There’s the airing cupboard. (Is that the airing cupboard?) Yes, that’s right. It’s nice and warm in there; it’s rather small but I mean it is adequate, you know, and of course there is…there is the shower.W: Is that, did you put that in yourself or was it in with the flat?H: Oh, no. No that was in when the flat was built.W: Is it quite reliable? (Oh yes.) because I’ve had problems with a shower recently? (Yes, no I’ve never had problems with that. No. It’s really good.) Is it gas heated at the water point?H: No, that is electric. (Ah.)Statements:1. Wendy Stott knows nothing about the flat before she comes to have a look at it.2. The flat was decorated five or six years ago.3. The house owner has used the oven and the stove for about five or six years.4. The windows in the largest bedroom are right down to the floor.5. There is a balcony in the sitting-room.Part ⅥInterviewer: how important are property prices in the economy?Roy: In the UK, most people invest most of their money in their house. So property prices are extremely important.Interviewer: Mmm. What’s you view on the UK property market? Do you think prices are too high?Roy: Well, in recent years, prices have gone up…ten to twenty percent a year, um…in some years even more. But inflation has been just two or three percent a year. So I think it’s clear that, um…the bloom has to end.Interviewer: Mmm. The last property market crash, in the UK, was in the late 1980s, and it put the UK economy into a recession. Do you think the same thing will happen again.Roy: I don’t think prices will crash. The…the economic situation was different in the late 80s…interest rates rose quite fast just before property prices fell. Today the Bank of England is much more careful with… with changes in interest rates. The other important difference, I think, is that then unemployment was quite high. Today, it’s very low—about five percent. So I don’t think prices will crash, but it is possible they’ll fall a little. Or stay at the same level for a few years.Interviewer: Banks have lent people a lot of money in recent years. People have got big mortgages. Do you think there’ll be a problem? Will people have less money to spend in the future?Roy: Oh, certainly. Because the loan haven’t just been mortgages — people have also borrowed money to spend in the shops. So far, that’s helped the economy, because spending has been high. But at the end of the day, people will have to pay the money back. So I think we’ll see lowerconsumer spending over the next few years.PartⅤApartment manager: well, hi, Mr. Brown. How’s your apartment working out for you?Tenant: Well Mr. Nelson. That’s what I would like to talk to you about. (What?) Well, I want to talk to you about that noise! (Oh) You see. Would you mind talking to the tenant in 4B and ask him to keep his music down, especially after 10:00 o’clock at night?Apartment Manager: Ohhh. Who me?Tenant: Why yes. The music is blaring almost every night, and it should be your job as manager to take care of these things.Apartment Manager: Hey, I just collect the rent. Besides, the man living there is the owner’s son, and he’s a walking refrigerator. (Well . . .) Hey, I’ll see what I can do. Anything else?Tenant: Well, yes. Could you talk to the owners of the property next door about the pungent odor drifting this way.Apartment Manager: Well, the area is zoned for agricultural and livestock use, so there’s nothing much I can do about that.Tenant: Well, what about the . . . . That, that noise.Apartment Manager: What noise? I don’t hear anything.Tenant: There, there it is again.Apartment Manager: What noise?Tenant: That noise.Apartment Manager: Oh, that noise. I guess the military has resumed its exercises on the artillery range.Tenant: You have to be kidding. Can’t anything be done about it?Apartment Manager: Why certainly. I’ve protested this activity, and these weekly (Weekly!) activities should cease . . . within the next three to five years.Tenant: Hey, you never told me about these problems before I signed the rental agreement.。
《大学英语听说教程2》学生用书听力原文
《大学英语听说教程2》学生用书听力原文Unit 1 SportsPart A1. Hello, welcome to “This Week’s Sports”. The big news this week is the basket championship. It started on Friday. Los Angeles Lakers beat It started on Friday. Los Angeles Lakers beat Philadelphia 76ers, 108 to 96. Lakers won.2. Utah Jazz played Miami heat. Jazz lost the game. They lost by just one point. The score was 111 to 110.3. Detroit Pistons beat Indiana Pacers. The score was 135 to 130. Pistons won.4. And in the last game Houston Rockets played New York Knicks. Knicks won, 75 to 69. That’s it for basketball action. Thank you.Part BWhy Don’t You Join Me at the Gym SometimePeter: Hi, Laura. Where are you heading with that big bagLaura: Hi, Peter. I’m off to the gym. I’ve got to stay in shape, you know. I try to go three times a week, but I’m busy so I can’t always make it.Peter: I know more women who work out than men. What’s the main reason you work out For your health, or to look goodLaura: To be honest, for both. With women, good looks are always a very important consideration.Peter: If they were honest, mot men who work out would admit that they also do it to look better, and not merely for health reasons.Laura: How about you Do you get any regular exercisePeter: I do a lot of walking, for exercise and enjoyment –sometimes ten to twenty kilometers at a time – but I never go to the gym like you do.Laura: Well, walking is good exercise. How about sportsPeter: Not since my school days. I used to love playing baseball, but it’s impossible to get enough people together for a game now. mostly I just watch sports on TV. Laura: I play tennis fairly regularly with my friends, and sometimes go swimming and cycling by myself.Peter: Oh, I forgot about that. I go cycling sometimes too. And I often go swimming on vacation, but only recreational swimming.Laura: Why don’t you join me at the gym sometime I can get you a guest pass. Peter: Well, maybe someday, but I’m pretty lazy about things like that.Part CWatching a GameAlan: Going to the football game today, BettyBetty: No, but I’ll be watching it on television with some friends.Alan: Weren’t you able to get any ticketsBetty: I didn’t try. I really don’t go to games so often.Alan: But don’t you enjoy going Don’t you find it exciting to be part of th e crowd Betty: Oh sure, nothing beats the atmosphere at a sporting event: the cheering, all that energy. But sometimes it’s just too inconvenient getting into and out of the stadium before and after the game. And if you watch the game with friends, or at a bar of restaurant …Alan:… you’ve basically created your own crowd.Betty: That’s right. Another reason why I like to watch sports on television is that I simply and it easier to follow the action on TV.Alan: Yeah, sometimes it is a little difficult to k eep track of the ball when you’re sitting in the stands.Betty: Especially when your seats are high up in the grandstand, and far from the field.Alan: It’s like you’re watching from an airplane, sometimes.Betty: Also food sports commentators on television can add to your understanding and enjoyment of the game.Alan: After listening to you I’m starting to wonder how they are able to sell any tickets to these games!Unit 2 weatherPart A1. The weather today: a fine day is in store nearly everywhere, with the best of the sunshine in southern and central areas of Britain. A pleasant day, then, with long sunny periods developing. Light winds. There will be light winds with a maximum temperature of 18 degrees Celsius, 64 degrees Fahrenheit.Looking at the outlook for the next few days, it will become mostly cloudy with heavy showers moving in from the west.2. A storm in Changchun, capital of Northeast China’s Jilin Province, claimed four lives on Sunday. The storm lasted about three minutes from around 8 . The winds reached speeds of over a hundred miles an hour, causing serious damage and a widespread power failure.Part BDid You Hear the Weather ForecastAlan: Oh, look at the sky, Michelle! It’s starting to get cloudy.Michelle: I see it. I hope it d oesn’t rain. I thought it was going to be a fine day today.Alan: That’s certainly what the department was hoping for when they chose today as the date for the annual picnic.Michelle: You can’t have a picnic without good weather. You need sunshine for allthe eating and games and entertainment.Alan: Yeah, sunshine – but not too much! Do you remember last yearMichelle: I sure do. It was so hot all we did was look for shade, look for ways to escape from the sun.Alan: And no one wanted to participate in any of the planned activities. All we wanted was cold drinks. And the dozed off.Michelle: If there had just been the tiniest breeze to cool us off…Alan: But there wasn’t. just that burning sun, without a cloud in the sky, and the temperature just seemed to climb higher and higher.Michelle: Well, we don’t have that problem this year, apparently. Alan, did you hear the weather forecast Is it supposed to rainAlan: I don’t know. I didn’t catch the weather report. But maybe if it rains, it will only be a short shower which cools things off a little. That might not be bad.Part CA ThunderstormLili: Look, Betty, the sky has turned completely black!Betty: Oh, wow. A big thunderstorm is coming. But I guess it won’t last long. Lili: Yeah, maybe for about twenty minutes or so it’s going to seem like it’s the end of the world. And then the sun will come out again.Betty: I like storms like this. Summer is dramatic. What do you think, LiliLili: Yes, these storms do come quite suddenly in the summer. I often seem to get caught without an umbrella.Betty: But it’s not so terribly getting caught in the rain occasionally in the summer. Now if you got all wet during a cold, dreary winter day – that really would be horrible.Lili: True. Ah, it’s starting to rain now. here it comes. Yes, it’s starting topour.Betty: Here comes the lightning and thunder too.Lili: At least it’s supposed to clear up later this afternoon, and to be fine this evening.Betty: That’s good, because I’m going to meet some friends tonight.Lili: Well, most likely you will have a very pleasant evening, because this storm should take some of the humidity from the air.Betty: Yes, I must admit that these Chinese summers are very humid.Lili: More humid than in the USBetty: Well, I can’t speak about th e whole country. But as far as New York goes, I’d say that the weather here in Shanghai tends to be hotter and more humid. Lili: But I think our winters are milder.Betty: Yes, I’m sure they are. We probably also get more snow in New Your than you do here.Unit 3 Food and DrinksPart A1. M: Have you ever been to that big restaurant opposite the school gateW: Yes, may times. Whenever my friends come to visit me, I’ll take them there to eat.Q: Does the woman enjoy the food in that restaurant2. W: Is there something wrong, sirM: My wife and I have been kept waiting for nearly an hour for our meal.Q: Is the man satisfied with the restaurant’s service3. W: Where is the cake I made this morningM: We ate it, mom. Can you make another one for usQ: Do the children like the cake: I hear you like chicken very much.M: Next to beef.Q: Does the man like chicken best: Have you tried this wine beforeW: No, never. It’s the first time, but it’s really to my taste.Q: Does the woman like the wine6. M: John, do you want a sodaW: Soda I think it tastes like medicine.Q: Does John want a soda: Why, the fish is left almost untouched.M: Well, it would be good if it were less salty.Q: Does the man like the fish8. M: Hi, Sue, would you like to eat out tonightW: oh, I’d really like to, but my sister may come to visit me this evening.Q: Will Sue eat out with the man tonightPart BWhat about Dining OutPeter: Hi, Kate.Kate: Hi, Peter. How have you beenPeter: Oh, OK, I guess. And youKate: Not too bad. We haven’t seen each other for a while, have wePeter: No, we haven’t so that makes me ask… Do you have any plans for this Saturday Kate: No, not yet, I don’t think so. WhyPeter: What do you think about getting together and going out to dinner this weekend Kate: That would be great. Do you have any particular place in mindPeter: Well, I think I’d like to eat something that’s not too heavy. I’ve beeneating a little too much lately.Kate: Me too.Peter: I love Italian food, but maybe we should skip that this time. They always seem to serve so much food in Italian restaurants, and you end up eating more than you wanted to.Kate: Chinese food would be good.Peter: Yes, or maybe some Japanese sushi. That style uses a lot of natural flavors, and not much oil or cream or heavy sauces.Kate: Yes, either of those choices would be good. Let’s just meet on Saturday night, and decide then where to eat.Peter: That’s fine by me.Part CEating outA: Well, here we are – not too crowded.B: Great! Let’s order quickly so we can chat a little.A: OK. What are you in the mood forB: Something light. I went out for pizza at lunch and I’m still full.A: There are three salads. Or you could have soup and a sandwich.B: What are you having A hamburger, I suppose.A: No, actually I ate out last night too, but we had fast food at McDonald’s, then a late snack at Kentucky Fried Chicken.B: Oh, dear. Well, maybe you should have the chicken salad.A: Yes, I think so. Look, the daily special is spaghetti. That sounds good.B: Oh, the prices are great, too. I’ll have that as well.A: Now let’s decide on drinks.B: I’ll just have coffee and a glass of iced water.A: Italian food needs red wine, you know.B: But we have to go back to work.A: OK, a Coke then.B: Here comes the waitress. Let me order first.Unit 4 healthPart A1. M: What’s the troubleW: I feel dizzy and my whole body aches.M: How long have you been sickW: Two or three days now.M: How’s your appetiteW: I’ve got no appetite. The sight of food simply turns my stomach. What’s wrong with meM: You seem to be generally run-down.Q: What is the most probable relationship between the two speakers: What’s the matter, Jack You look pale.M: Oh, I feel terrible.W: Why What’s the matterM: I have a splitting headache and a sore throat.W: Why didn’t you tell meM: I thought they might go away, but I feel worse this morning. I’m aching all over. W: Hmm. You feel warm, too. You must have got a fever. There’s a pretty bad flu going around, you know.Q: What is the most probable relationship between the two speakersPart BGoing to See the DoctorD: So what’s your troubleP: Well, doctor, I haven’t been feeling well lately. My biggest problem is that I’m having trouble sleeping.D: Have you tried any of the sleeping medications availableP: I’ve tried one or two, but they don’t seem to help.D: How long have you had this problemP: Three or four moths –it’s been rather a long time now.D: Are you suffering from an unusual level of stress in your life latelyP: Not more than usual. My biggest worry is the fact I can’t sleep.D: Well, some people don’t need as much sleep as others.P: But I feel tired all day, so it is a problem for me.D: Have you been experiencing any other symptomsP: I’ve also had a lot of indigestion lately.D: Wel l, you are a little overweight, aren’t youP: Yes. And I’ve gained about seven kilograms this past year.D: You really should try to lose at least that extra weight. Do you get much exercise P: No, not very much.D: Physical activity is very important.P: So what do you recommend, doctorD: I will give you some medication for your insomnia and your indigestion. But I also recommend that you begin a regular exercise program.P: But I have neither the time nor the money to go to a gym.D: You don’t need to go to a gym. A simple walking program would be very beneficial for you. I think you’ll find that diet and exercise will be very help in taking care of your recent complaints.Part CEating ApplesYou probably know a famous saying about the importance of eat ing apples. It is, “An apple a day keeps the doctor away.”Now, a new American study shows eating apples may help fight cancer, too. Research scientists at Cornell University in New York say a combination of chemicals found in apples is important for good health. The study shows that the combination of chemicals plays an important part in anti-cancer activity.The scientists say the chemicals are in both the skin and the flesh of apples. Results of the study were reported in the publication Nature. The Cornell researchers studied the chemicals, or extracts, taken from the skin and flesh of red apples grown in New York Stare. They studied the effectiveness of the apple extracts in fighting cancer.The researchers treated colon( 结肠 ) cancer cells with fifty milligrams of apple extract(苹果汁). Extracts from the apple skin reduced the growth of cancer cells by forth-three percent. Extracts from the fruit’s flesh reduced the growth of cancer cells by twenty-nine percent.The researchers also treated human liver cancer cells with apple extract. Extracts from the apple skin reduced the growth of those cells by fifty-seven percent. Extracts from the fleshy part of the apple reduced the cancer cells by forty percent. Lead researcher Liu Ruihai said scientists have long known that apples are good for human health. He says some scientists are interested in testing single vitamins or other substances to see if they alone fight disease. He says his study shows no single substance works alone to reduce cancer. Instead, the combination of chemicals in apples is effective and eating fruit and vegetables is better than taking extra vitamin pills.Unit 5 MusicPart Apeople like music. In fact, we are surrounded by it. It’s on the radio and television and van be heard in stores and offices. However, not everyone likes the same kind of music.2. The manager of the music shop was called Brian Epstein. Because so many people had asked for a record by the Beatles, Epstein decided to go and listen to the group himself.I would like to talk about classical music and its representative composers, then I will move on to jazz music, and finally I will focus on pop music in the last century. listen to exciting music and our hearts beat faster, our blood pressure rises, and our blood f lows more quickly. In short, we’re stimulated.Part BBackground MusicBackground music may seem harmless, but it can have a powerful effect on those who hear it. Recorded background music first found its way into factories, shops and restaurants in the USA. Very soon it spread to other parts of the world. Now it is becoming difficult to go shopping or eat a meal without listening to music.To begin with, background music was intended simply to create a soothing atmosphere. Recently, however, it’s becoming a big business. An American marketing expert has shown that music can boost sales or increase factory production by as much as a third. But it has to be the light music. Lively music has no effect at all on sales. Slow music can increase receipts by 34%. This is probably because shoppers slow down and have more opportunity to spot items they would like to buy. Yet, slow music isn’t always the answer. The expert found that in restaurants slow music meant customers took longer to eat their meals, which reduced overall sales. So restaurant ownersmight be well advised to play faster music to keep the customers moving – unless, of course, the resulting indigestion leads to complaints.Part CCeline DionCeline Dion is the youngest of 14 children in a working-class family in Quebec, Canada. Her parents, who both loved music, encouraged her to develop her musical talent. At 12, Celine had composed the song “It Was Only a Dream”. Her mother and brother helped her to make a recording of that song and sent it off to an address they found on an album of a popular French singer. The address was that of Rene Angelil, who became her first conquest, but there would be millions more.Celine’s rise from a teenage singer to a pop superstar has been steady, but not without difficulties. Record companied were at first less enthusiastic about investing in a teenager than Angelil, who mortgaged his own home to pay for her first album. But her first two albums won a great success. And by 1983 she became the first Canadian ever to have a gold record in France.In 1990, Celine made her first English language record with Unison but her real breakthrough in America came when she was selected by Disney to sing the theme song of “Beauty and the Beast”. The song went to on the chart and won both a Grammy and an Academy award. In 1996 she performed at the opening ceremonies of the 1996 Atlanta Olympic Games and in 1997, she recorded the theme song for “Titanic”, and her name became synonymous with the enormously successful film.Celine Dio n’s favorite theme is love. She sings the depth and the power of love in a great many of her hits such as “Love Can Move Mountains”, “Because You Loved Me”, “The Power of Love” and, of course, the theme song of “Titanic”, “My Heart Will Go On”.Unit 6 BusinessPart AW: Here we are, Mr Wang. This is a newly-built building.M: What a fine building! How many floors are thereW: Forty. Our company has offices on four floors in the building.M: Yours is really a big company.W: Yes, it is. The sales office is on the first floor. The marketing and accounting offices are on the second floor. And we have many other departments: personnel, research, etc. they are all on the 8th floor.M: Where’s the manager’s officeW: It’s on the 9th floor.M: Let me show you around our company.W: Thank you.Part BWho Is to Be Promoted(The Personnel Department is having a meeting. Joan Black is the chairperson of the meeting.)Joan: I think John Jeffrey’s already been with the company for 20 years. Surely he’s not still expe cting promotion. Do you agree, PeterPeter: Well. In my opinion, John’s always shown great loyalty to the company. It’s time this was rewarded. What do you think, CliveClive: It’s not just a question of loyalty. Would he be any good at the job He would need to manage a small team –he’s got no experience of that yet.Peter: He never will have any experience unless we give him a chance!Joan: We can’t afford to be sentimental. I don’t think he’s the man for the job. He’s always been a follower, not a leader. Let’s move on to the other candidates.Rita Hayden has already shown great personnel management skill, I feel, even if she’s …Peter: Oh, come on, Joan! Rita’s still learning her trade! We can’t afford to take a risk with someone so inexperienced.Clive: I agree with Peter. I favor Susan Palmer. She’s got a lot of experience. She’s already worked in the department on other occasions so she knows the ropes and she’s…Joan: But Susan’s always struck me as a bit cautious. We need someone dynamic for this job.Peter: I’d agree with Clive. I think Susan Palmer would do a good job. Maybe she’s a bit cautious but she’s solid, reliable … We need those qualities too.Joan: Well, if you’re both so sure, I suppose I’ll have to agree. Still, we’ll wait a week before confirming it just in case any other applicants put their names forward.Unit CA Good SalesmanMr Stevenson was the owner of a general appliance store. He had seen many newly-weds coming into his store to shop for their first refrigerator, washer and dryer, and air-conditioner. Pen and pencil in hand, they would ask him a lot of questions about price, features and after-sale services, but they would usually walk away at the end of their inquiry.The other day a young couple came into his store. They asked him all the usual questions and he answered all of them patiently. But when he suggested an order at the end, they replied firmly, “We’ll have to look around places first.”Although feeling a bit disappointed, Mr Stevenson did not show it. Instead, he smiled, moved closer and said, “I know you will go to Discount Dan to look at the pricetags. That’s perfectly understandable. I do the same. In fact, they sell the same stuff as we do. But if you buy things there, there is something you will not get. And that is me. I come with everything I sell. I’ve been in the business for thirty years and in a few years’ time I’m going to give my store to my daughter and son-in-law. I hope they will carry on the family business. I stand behind everything I sell and I will make sure that you will never regret buying things from me.”After this short speech Mr Stevenson offered the young couple some ice cream to thank them for their interest.Impressed by his honesty and sincerity, the young couple decided to palace an order.Unit 7 FashionPart AM: Excuse me, do you have a T-shirt of this kind in a larger sizeW: What size do you wantM: MediumW: PardonM: I want a medium.W: Here’s a medium in black. Do you like itM: Well, I like the picture on the front, but I’d pref er a white one with a slogan on the front.W: Here’s a white one in medium. And it’s 100% cotton.M: Perfect. I’ll take it.Part BFashion – Image or RealityWhy do people spend so much money on fashion Do they want to create an image or make sure they are not old-fashioned Do people really judge each other by the clothesthey wear The billion-dollar fashion industry certainly tries to convince consumers that such judgements are made.Unfortunately, they may be right. A recent study using elementary school students was interesting. They said that people wearing Calvin Klein designer jeans were more handsome and successful than those wearing Wranglers Levi-wearers were seen as sporty, fashionable and fun! Obviously we learn early that “Clothes make the man.”In other words, clothes show age, out look, status and income. However, clothes that look great on professional models may look terrible on the average buyer. Although beautiful clothes don’t help physically, they are important for social and psychological effects. Expensive clothes can make the wearer feel like part of the high status group that sets taste and style. So you are buying an image of success. You may really live a routine life, waking up in the morning feeling dull and ordinary. But when you dress in these expensive clothes, your mood brightens. You feel good, ready to face another day with energy. Sound crazy People who love clothes say it’s true.Of course, a lot of people don’t like high fashion. They’d rather spend their money on something practical. Which would you prefer – the image or the realityPart CPlatform ShoesIf you have been thinking that platform shoes are the newest fashion trend on the planet, then it is about time you found out something about these height boosters. Not on ly were they wildly popular during the noisy disco days of the 1970’s, but they were also all the rage during the late 1400’s to 1600;s,The platform shoes that were the sigh of high fashion in the 1600’s were more practical than today’s style symbols. The y were worn over delicate shoes to protect them from getting dirty when walking in muddy or dusty streets.After going out of fashion in the 1600’s, platform returned to the style scene in the 1930’s when designers such as Salvatore Ferragamo began breakin g the rules of fashion. They re-emerged again towards the end of the 1960’s and by 1975 were so common that men were also trying to balance on their massive heels.No matter how fashionable platforms are, they also have a reputation for creating problems. It is very easy to twist your ankle while wearing platforms and the damage this can do to your foot can be serious. In Japan, they have also brought about traffic problems as women wearing them while driving have been unable to brake quickly enough and as a result caused accidents!Unit 8 SocietyPart ANowadays, dieting is a popular practice in many countries. However, of the nearly 50 American adults currently dieting, only less than 10% will be able to maintain their weight loss for at least a year. Researchers in the Framingham Heart Study pointed out that losing and gaining weight again might be harmful to your heart. Over a 14-year period, they analyzed the weight changes and health of 3130 people. They found that those adults whose weight shifted the most had about a 50% increased risk of developing heart disease than those whose weight remained more stable. For now the researchers are not sure how weight changes are linked to health problems, but they think that people who diet frequently may prefer high-fat foods. Losing and regaining weight may also cause an unhealthy distribution of body weight. Dieters may lose pounds from their legs only to regain weight in an area such as their stomach, which increases the risk of developing heart disease.Part BLottery WinnersDo you dream of winning the lottery So have millions of other people. Every day, millions of Americans buy lottery tickets. They are hoping to win $100000, $1000000 or more. What happens after you win the lotteryWhen you win a milli on dollars, you don’t receive a check for the total amount. You receive $50000 a year for twenty years. Also, you must pay taxes. After taxes, you receive from $5000 to $40000 a year for twenty years. This is a lot of extra spending money.What have some p eople done with their money Let’s look at three past winners. Lisa K wanted to be an artist, but she didn’t have enough money to go to art school. She was working at a job she didn’t enjoy. In August, Lisa bought one ticket and won two million dollars. She quit her job three weeks later and is now attending art school.Mark L was a car salesman. He worked seven days a week and had little time for family life. After he won the lottery, he quit working. Now he spends his time bowling, working in the garden, a nd fixing things in his house. But, he’s bored. He doesn’t want to sell cars again, but he isn’t sure what he wants to do with his life. Jack B is one of the small number of winners who did not quit his job. Jack still teaches at a school near his home. But now he and his wife take their children on an interesting vacation every year. And they don’t worry about sending their children to college. They say that money brings security and gives a person opportunities, but it doesn’t bring happiness.Part CAn Abandoned Newborn BabyA healthy newborn girl was discovered in Central Park yesterday morning. The baby was abandoned on the top of a rock shortly before dawn after the mother gave birth to her there.The police said that the baby was healthy and weighed 7 pounds. Now they were searching for the mother. A policeman said that they had never had anything like this before. They really didn’t get babies left in the park. But they were just happy the baby was all right.The police rushed the baby to a nearby hospital. Fortunately she was OK. The police believed the baby was born less than half an hour before she was discovered. They also believed judging from the amount of blood found on the rock, that the mother might have given birth there. It was 70 degrees when the baby was found. Detectives were investigating whether the mother was a homeless woman who called a baby rescue hotline early yesterday. The head of Hope Foundation said that his hotline received a call about 5:30 . from a young homeless woman in Manhattan. The caller asked, “How do I get rid of my baby” she was apparently in labor. Then she was told to go to either a hospital or a fire station. But the woman was afraid she would be recognized there. The head also said that the woman wouldn’t even tell him where he could possibly meet her since they had two teams that could help with the delivery, if necessary.Unit 9 Unusual HappeningsPart AJack was a six-year-old dog. It ate up two 100-dollar bills but returned them to his master Paul the natural way. The first bill was found the next morning, smelly and undamaged, followed by the second during an evening walk. When Paul got all the money back, he said: “the bills are slightly yellow and I think I’ll clean them.”Part BA Belated PostcardA postcard carrying a Ceorge V stamp has mysteriously arrived at its destination。
《英语听力教程2》文本3
Unit 3 Sweet, Sweet Homepart ⅠGetting readyA home is a place where people can cook, eat, sleep, relax, and care for their children. It protects people from harsh weather-the freezing snow or blizzard, the pouring of heavy rain, the howling of the wild wind, the glare and heat of the burning sun-as well as from insects, wild animals, and other dangers.A The following words and phrases will appear in this unit. Listen carefully and study the definitions.1. foldaway: that can be folded together for easy storage2. blind: anything that keeps out light, as a window shade or shutter3. detached: not connected, separate4. estate: landed property; individually owned piece of land containing a residence5. sink: any of various basins, as in a kitchen or laundry, connected with a drainpipe and usually, a water supply6. appliance: a device or machine for performing a specific task, esp. one that is worked mechanically or by electricity7. study: a room in a house designed for study, writing, reading, etc.8. warranty: written or printed assurance (to repair or replace defective goods)9. guarantee: give an assurance that something will be replaced or repaired if it does not meet specifications10. install: fix in position for useB A house agent is showing a couple around a flat which they probably will rent. Below is a list of furniture items. Listen to the conversation and fill in suitable numbers in the plane figure of the flat.1. Foldaway double bed and mattress2. Coffee table3. Refrigerator4. Bathroom5. Fitted wardrobe6. Electric cooker7. Sofa8. Tumble dryerPart ⅡThe dream houseIt seems that people never cease dreaming. Once their dream comes true, they will begin dreaming of better things or different things soon after. For example,one may first dream of owning a small room, then an apartment with a private bathroom, then a detached house, and then a villa in the country. What is the house in your dream like?A In this section you are going to hear six people describing their dream house. While listening for the first time, add more key words in the mid-column. After the second listening, write down the type of dream house each speaker would like to live in.B Listen to the passage again. After that you will hear some questions on the tape. Please answer them in no more than four words with the help of the above notes.1. ________________________________________________________2. ________________________________________________________3. ________________________________________________________4. ________________________________________________________5. ________________________________________________________6. ________________________________________________________7. ________________________________________________________Part ⅢFlat huntingHouses not only offer protection from the weather but they also help protect the people who live in them from people outside. Sometimes a house protects things we want to keep safe from burglars; and sometimes a house simply offers you a chance to be by yourself and away from other people. In order to make sure of all these things, you must be very careful in looking for a proper place to live in.A In this section you are going to hear a woman visiting a flat which she is thinking of buying or renting. Below are some of the things mentioned in the conversation. Decide which will be taken away by the former house owner and which will be left behind. Complete the following chart with the help of the notes you have taken while listening.gas cooker fridge dishwasher gas fireplumbing stove washing machine ovenThings That Will be Taken Away Things That Will Be Left Behind______________________________ ____________________________ _________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ ____________________________ _________________________________ ____________________________ _________________________________ ____________________________ ___B You must have already known that there are three bedrooms and one bathroom in the flat. Listen to the conversation again. With the help of the above notes, fill in the furniture items that are suitable for each room or that are already fitted in the room.Rooms Furniture ItemsThe smallest bedroom _____________________________The medium sized bedroom _____________________________The largest bedroom _____________________________The bathroom _____________________________C Now listen to the conversation again and decide whether the statements after the conversation are True or False. Put "T" or "P" in the brackets.1. ( )2. ( )3. ( )4. ( )5. ( )Part ⅣMore about the topic: The Refrigerator ArtA refrigerator, which was originally designed to keep food fresh, is now being used in more and more different ways. You can use it as a cupboard for storing various things, and you can even use magnets to stick all kinds of papers on its door so as to remind you of the things you have to do. Some people call it refrigerator art.The following passage is about refrigerator art. Supply the missing words while listening.Man: Refrigerators are large machines that keep foods _________. But a lot of people use them to _________ more than just food.Woman: Call it refrigerator art. In some homes the refrigerator works like a ________ to show collections of refrigerator magnets. People use magnets to stick papers like _______ and children's _________ to the metal of a refrigerator. But a refrigerator magnet can be a ________ of art itself. Some people just enjoy looking at them. Countless numbers of refrigerator magnets can be found in _______. Some have small copies of foods or ________ on the front. Some show colorful designs or pictures of famous people. Somerefrigerator magnets are electronic. They make __________ , like this one that is shaped like a motor-cycle and sounds like a motor-cycle _________ starting. Other magnets are extremely small like sets of magnetic words and ________ for writing poetry on the refrigerator. One example of this kind of magnets set is for _______. It makes it possible to write frightening Halloween messages that _____ in the dark. Businesses often give refriger ator magnets to people as a marketing ________ to sell their services. Some _________ agencies also have them. For example, the American Space Agency sells magnets shaped like _________ and space shuttles. Refrigerator magnets can be __________. Student engineers at the University of Wisconsin at Madison use them in_________. And young children use refrigerator magnets that are letters to play and learn. They _________ the letters in different positions to make words.A refrigerator door covered with a lot of magnets can be educational in _______ ways, too. Children can learn about the laws of ________ just by watching what happens when someone closes the door too hard. The magnets all __________. Refrigerators can become as crowded with magnets on the out-side as they are with food on the _________. So when people say they need a _________ refrigerator, what they might really mean is they need a bigger refrigerator_____________.Part ⅤMemory test: The Warranty InsuranceSuppose some robbers broke in and took many things away from your house, or suppose there was something wrong with your TV set, your washing machine or your refrigerator and a large sum of money would be needed for repairs. What should you do? There is no need to worry. You can protect yourself against loss by buying insurance policies which promise to pay you for the things that were stolen in the robbery or for repairing things that broke down.You are going to hear two people talking about taking out a warranty insurance for some of their household goods. Complete the following two charts with the information you hear. Of course you can refer to the notes you have taken while listening.Chart 1Name Mr. M. LewisAddress _____ Abbey Road, __________Things Chosen for Insurance 1. the washing machine(You can tick the items.) 2. the black-and-white television set3. the fridge4. the color televis ion set5. the oven6. the cooker7. the hobChart 2Insurance Purchase Date Make Model The Original Insurance Items Warranty Period Fee_________ _____________ ______ ______ _______________ ____ ______________ _____________ Moffat Cresta _______________ ______ ___PartⅥReminder of key points in this unitVerb & Verb Phrase Noun & Noun Phrase OtherPart Ⅰbe fully fitted bed-sitting room novelend up in foldaway double bedmattresswardrobenight attireroller blindstumble dryerelectric cookercubbyholePartⅡcut off dream house detachedroof-garden unspoiltpot-plant pillar daftdry-stone wall isolatedhigh tidePartⅢcome round estate agent reliableleave behind particularmake into dishwashersinkplumbingappliancegas fireloungebalconystudyairing cupboardshowerPart Ⅳstick magnet in the dark fall off work of artHalloweenPart Ⅴcover warranty insurance in case go wrong hob in the long run guarantee fortuneinstallbreak downhang on。
朗文英语听说教程二听力原文_Unit_08
Unit 8 Right and Wrong on the NetIntroductionTEACHER: Good morning. Did anyone hear the news about the teenager in New York who hacked into a bank’s database and stole about 30,000 credit card numbers over the weekend? Hacking is related to computer ethics－that’s our topic today. Computer ethics deals with the proper use of information technology, such as computers and the Internet. By proper use, I mean socially responsible use. We’ll first talk about what ethical behavior is and how this applies to computer use.Body: Part 1First, I want to make sure we all know what ethics is. Anyone? Yes, John.STUDENT l: It’s about right and wrong.TEACHER: Yes. OK, Jennifer.STUDENT 2: And it’s about being a good person, doing what’s right.TEACHER: Yes, ethics includes both of these ideas. It deals with moral judgments, with what is acceptable or unacceptable to do. Now we learn ideas about what is right and wrong from our families, our friends, and from the culture we live in. Because of differences in our backgrounds, we may not always agree on what is right and wrong. However, for our discussion today, I will define for you what I mean by an ethical action. An ethical action is something someone does that benefits someone and doesn’t hurt anyone. So, for example, if you see a man drop some money, and you pick the money up and give it to him, this is an ethical action. On the other hand, if you pick up the money and don’t give it back to the man, this benefits you, but hurts the man. This is not an ethical action.Body: Part 2Now what about computers? What are the ethical boundaries for using computers and the Internet? Most people agree that it is wrong to steal from a store. Would they also say it’s wrong to copy music files from the Internet? Or, to take another example, most people agree that it is wrong to open an envelope and read a letter to someone else. Would they also say it’s wrong to read someone else’s e-mail? In the past decade or so, many more people have started using computers and the Internet, so these issues have become important. In 1992, the Computer Ethics Institute was founded in the United States. This is a research, education, and policy study group whose goal is to increase awareness of the ethical issues that are likely to come up as technology develops. One concept the Computer Ethics Institute has developed is the Ten Commandments of Computer Ethics. These rules are important guidelines the Institute thinks all computer users should follow. Now some of you may be familiar with the Ten Commandments from the Bible, like, uh, “Thou shalt not kill” or “Thou shalt honor thy father and thy mother.” The Ten Commandments of Computer Ethics have been written in the same style of language used in the Ten Commandments from the Bible. For example, they use the phrase “Thou shalt not.” “Thou shalt not” means don’t or you shouldn’t.Body: Part 3Let’s look at each commandment or rule. The first commandment says: Thou shalt not use a computer to harm other people. Simple enough, right? Number Two. Thou shalt not interfere with other people’s computer work. I interpret this to mean don’t use a computer in any way that will affect or change the work someone else is doing. Don’t move or edit someone else’s files without telling them. Number Three. Thou shalt not snoop in other people’s files. To snoop means to try to find out something without another person knowing it. If you look at someone else’s files on the computer or read their e-mail, you’re snooping. Respect other people’s privacy. Number Four. Thou shalt not use a computer to steal. There are situations on the Internet in which you have to decide if you are stealing or not, like downloading music files, as I mentioned earlier. Number Five. Thou shalt not use a computer to say things that are untrue. It is up to you to be truthful in your website, in your e-business, and in your e-mail. Number Six. Thou shalt not use software for which you have not paid. In other words, if the software is free on the Internet, it’s okay to download and use it. However, it is not okay to copy software from a friend, because you didn’t pay for it. Number Seven. Thou shalt not use other people’s computer resources without telling them, or without paying them. For example, you shouldn’t use someone else’s computer, password, or Internet connection without asking them first. Number Eight. Thou shalt not appropriate someone else’s ideas. Appropriate is spelled A-P-P-R-O-P-R-I-A-T-E. . . . It means to take words someone else wrote and say they’re yours. Uh, for example, you have to write a report for school. If you copy a term paper from the Internet and hand it in, you’re breaking the rule. Copying even a few sentences off the Internet and presenting them as your own is breaking the rule. Number Nine. The ninth commandment says: Thou shalt think about the social consequences of the program you are writing. Now, this applies mostly to computer programmers. Social consequences means how the program you’re writing might affect others in society. Could hackers possibly use your program to illegally gain access to a computer system? Skillful hackers can hack into banks and into credit card companies; they can alter accounts and steal money. They can also create viruses that can cause billions of dollars of damage worldwide. Number Ten. The tenth commandment says: Thou shalt always use a computer in ways that are respectful of others. For example, sending unfriendly e-mail to someone or about someone or creating websites with negative messages are examples of breaking this rule.Body: Part 4OK, the Computer Ethics Institute has sent these guidelines to many large companies and to schools across the United States. However, there’s no way to enforce these rules. Nevertheless, they would like to see schools, in particular, utilize these rules to help students develop a strong sense of computer ethics. OK, any questions or comments at this point?STUDENT 1: How are we supposed to remember all those rules?TEACHER: Well, there are a lot of rules, but they all boil down to a couple of principles: respect and fairness. Respect what belongs to others and use resources fairly. Does that help?STUDENT 1: Yeah, I guess so.TEACHER: Good. Let’s go back to ethics. Now increasingly, schools are seeing that students need to be taught computer ethics as part of the school curriculum. Some schools have come up with acceptable-use policies, or rules about what is or isn’t OK for students to do regarding computer use. This is how the Computer Ethics Institute would like to see schools utilizing the rules. Generally, it’s considered wrong to steal someone else’s password or to read someone else’s e-mail. It’s also considered unacceptable in college classes for a student to download a term paper off the Internet and pretend that he or she wrote it. This is called “plagiarism,” and it’s a good example of breaking rule number eight. Students are permitted to use the Internet for research, but are instructed to write the information in their own words and to explain where they got the information.ConclusionNow the ten rules are guidelines for us to follow. These rules help us to be aware of the ethical uses of technology. Let’s stop here for today. Think about these rules this week and we’ll talk about them. And read the next two chapters for next week.。
新视野大学英语听说教程2(第二版)听力原文及答案1-10全.doc
新视野大学英语听说教程2（第二版）听力原文及答案1-10全Unit 1一.short conversations12345678910二．long conversation三．passageUnit2一.short conversations 12345678910二long conversation三passageUnit 3一、short conversations 12345678910二long conversation三passageUnit 4一．short conversations 12345678910二long conversation三passageUnit 5一short conversations 12345678910二long conversation三passageUnit 6一．short conversations 12345678910二long conversation三passageUnit 7一．short conversations 12345678910二long conversation三passageUnit 8一．short conversations 12345678910二long conversation三passageUnit 9一.short conversations二long conversation三passageUnit 10一.short conversations二long conversation三passage新视野大学英语听说教程【第二版】第二册答案Unit 1 International Clock TalkShort Conversations1.B2.D3.C4.D5.C6.C7.B8.B9.A 10.CLong Conversation1.D2.D3.A4.B5.CUnderstanding a Passage1.C2.D3.B4.C5.BMovie Speech1.upset2.sickw4.harmless5.break6.replaced7.memories8.natural9.birthday 10.appreciateStory-retelling1. Sit quietly and listen to him2. A blank stare3. Put it a different way4. speak up in class5. In turn/ a great deal ofHomework ListeningTask 1 1.D 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.BTask 2 1.C 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.CTask 31.the age, size and future2.seventy years ago3.increase with distancete that month5.a light year6.distances in space7.other measurements 8.support the idea9.slow down and break up 10.or possibly even olderUnit 2 All that Glitters Is Olympic GoldShort Conversations1.B2.B3.C4.C5.C6.A7.A8.A9.C 10.ALong Conversation1.D2.B3.C4.D5.DUnderstanding a Passage1.C2.B3.C4.D5.DMovie Speech1.training2.touch3.understand4.appreciate5.trouble6.fighting7.three8.honest9.cry 10.borrow Homework ListeningTask 1 1.D 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.ATask 2 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.DTask 31.on the ball2.did something unexpected3.at the job or activity4.hit it out of the park5.think it over6.is very successfulplete a job or activity 8.did something wrong9.how much it is worth 10.close to my selling priceUnit 3 Pros and Cons of mixed MarriagesShort Conversations1.D2.A3.B4.C5.D6.A7.D8.B9. A 10.BLong Conversation1.A2.B3.D4.D5.AUnderstanding a Passage1.B2.D3.D4.A5.BMovie Dialog1.night2.definitely3.love4.wise5.My wife6.267.died8.youngest9.goes by 10.gotten oldListening and Speaking1.physically OK2.To the kitchen3.a bowl of ice cream4.I don’t need to write it down5. a plate of bacon and eggsSupplementary ListeningTask 1 1.A 2.B 3.D 4.C 5.DTask 2 1.B 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.ATask 31.they care about2.performed marriages .3.wait longer to get married4.bring people together5.plan a blind date6.follow their cultural traditions7.meant for the other 8.establishing a relationship9.improve their chances 10.meet someone over the InternetUnit 4 A Hunk of Burning LoveShort Conversations1.D2.B3.C4.A5.B6.D7.A8.C9.C 10.BLong Conversation1.B2.A3.C4.D5.BUnderstanding a Passage1.C2.B3.D4.B5.AMovie Speech1.certain2.occasionallye along4.receiving5.delight6.gathering7.natural8.special9.welcoming 10.reminding Homework ListeningTask 1 1.A 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.BTask 2 1.D 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.BTask 31.answer a question2.to be admitted3.copies of all school records4.the results of the TOFEL5.minimum acceptable TOFEL score6.additional English training7.conditionally accept students 8.taking regular class9.provides more information 10.successfully pass classesUnit 5 Enough of worries and tearsShort Conversations1.C2.D3.A4.C5.A6.B7.D8.D9.D 10.CLong Conversation1.B2.D3.A4.D5.AUnderstanding a Passage1.D2.C3.B4.A5.CMovie Speech1.everything the light touches2.rises and falls3.will rise with you4.shadowy place5.never go there6.getting your way7.exists together 8.respect all creatures 9.let me explain10. in the great circle of lifeHomework ListeningTask 1 1.B 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.CTask 2 1.A 2.C 3.D 4.D 5.BTask 31.one million new cases2.have increased3.drug treatments4.gathered results5.145,0006.before it has spread7.from coming back 8.reduce by half 9.within 15 years10.middle-aged womenUnit 6 What’s in a name?Warming up1.T2.F3.TShort conversations1.B2.A3.D4.B5.B6.C7.C8.A9.B 10.CLong conversation1.A2.D3.D4.C5.BPassage1.C2.A3.B4.C5.DMovie dialog1.important decisions2.As in3.agreed on4.What’s wrong with5.I mean6.wait a minute7.what a challenge 8.what he’s doing? 9.gets his way10.ever imaginedHomeworkTask 1 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.CTask 2 1.B 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.DTask 31.federal governmentcation reform law3.be forced to4.place top importance on5.calls for6.main goal7.by 40 percent 8.low-income and minority9.poorly performing students 10.free after-school helpUnit 7 Relax or DieShort Conversations1.B2.C3.B4.A5.A6.D7.B8.C9. D 10.CLong Conversation1.D2.C3.B4.A5.BUnderstanding a Passage1.C2.C3.D4.D5.BMovie Speech1.flight2.heartbroken3.tries real hard4.witnessing a miraclepletely6.marriage7.special occasions 8.sacrifices 9.dream10.chooseHomework ListeningTask 1 1.D 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.ATask 2 1.D 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.DTask 31.severe mental health2.published the findings3.examined the results4.gathered the information5.learn what treatment6.nervous anxiety7.illegal drugs 8.less likely to admit9.with serious disorders 10.prevent many serious cases laterUnit 8 Life Outside of WorkShort Conversations1.B2.A3.C4.D5.D6.D7.C8.B9. A 10.BLong Conversation1.B2.A3.D4.A5.CUnderstanding a Passage1.B2.C3.C4.A5.BMovie Speech1.the light had gone2.should remember3.don’t go the right way4.when we suffer defeat5.you’re really tested6.on the highest mountain7.served this government and this country 8.always give your best9.high hopes and good spirits 10. in our heartsHomework ListeningTask 1 1.C 2.D 3.D 4.D 5.BTask 2 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.CTask 31.how much they expect to learn2.dishonest reporting3.are charged with4.under pressure5.include a warning6.should not be held responsible7.have influenced that decision 8.no reason to stop9.estimate earnings 10.to hide bad newsUnit 9 Only Losers QuitShort Conversations1C 2.D 3.A 4.A 5.D 6.B 7.A 8.B 9.C 10.CLong Conversation1.B2.D3.A4.C5.CUnderstanding a Passage1.B2.D3.C4.C5.BMovie Speeche on in2.sweetheart3.a part of life4.your own destiny5.God gave you6.figure that out7.a box of chocolates 8.explaining 9.had got the cancer10.with little flowers on itHomework ListeningTask 1 1.A 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.BTask 2 1.C 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.ATask 31.develop a plan2.reduce cancer rates3.cancer prevention and control4.a leading cause of death5.on the rise6.cancer-producing chemicals7.aging populations 8.most common forms,9.more action is needed 10.early cancer testingUnit 10 The Tragedy of WarWarming up1.F2.F3.TShort Conversations1.D2.B3.B4.D5.C6.C7.A8.B9.C 10.ALong Conversation1.D2.C3.A4.B5.DUnderstanding a Passage1.B2.C3.D4.D5.AMovie Speech1.guarded2.a greater responsibility3.Marines4.probably saved lives5.existence6.parties7. honor 8.spent defending something 9.freedom10.OtherwaiseListening and Discussion1. A Japanese pen friend.2. He had always criticized the nuclear attacks.3. Around 140,000 people.4. Open-ended.5. Open-ended.Homework ListeningTask 1 1.D 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.BTask 2 1.C 2.B 3.D 4.B 5.ATask 31.monthly payments2.more money than3.is expected to4.be out of money5.born out of6.pay for itself7.start with 8.survived the death9.for the poor 10.all federal workers。
朗文英语听说教程二听力 PDF
Unit1Slang:Talking CoolT EACHER:OK,let's get started...Today we're going to be looking at a really interesting phenomenon,slang.We'll be looking at where slang comes from,who uses it and why.We all use it more often than you might think—every day of our lives,in fact. And we use it for a reason.You know,most of us are fascinated with slang.We continually hear new words and phrases enter the language and replace old,and we see familiar words take on new meanings.We feel a need to keep in touch with these changes,to be aware of the latest street talk.Fact is,we love slang.But what is it exactly?What is slang?Anyone like to suggest a definition?S TUDENT1:Isn't it basically kind of casual talk?TEACHER:Can you say a bit more?STUDENT1:You know,the sort of words we use with friends...in relaxed situations. TEACHER:Good.You're pretty much there with your idea of casual language.We can say that slang is language that's found only in the very informal speech of particular groups of people.It can help to identify the communities,the groups of people,who use it.And this brings me to the first important point of the lecture—why people use slang.A lot of slang comes from not wanting to be understood by outsiders,people outside your circle.In other words,people exploit slang to give their group an identity,by making their language exclusive,or at least private.Through this private language,they can tease one another,enjoy shared experiences,and keep everyone else at a distance. All cultures contain groups or subcultures with different interests and priorities,and each group tries to establish a separate identity.They want people to know who they are, what they stand for—and slang helps to construct and cement that identity.We can say, then,that slang reflects the experiences,beliefs,and values of its speakers.Now let's look more closely at this relationship between slang and community,slang and identity.A nice example of this is,uh,student language,sometimes called "youth-speak."Young people use a lot of slang,and many of the words they use are used by both sexes,often metaphorically rather than literally.That is to say,the conventional meaning of the words change.For example,words that have traditionally had strong negative literal meanings that are used as insults have taken on,uh,gentler, and in many cases even positive meanings in conversation.We'll look at some examples later.Now,if you ask college students why they use slang,they'll tell you it's cool,and that's true in several different ways.First,it's cool because it's in style,in ing current slang shows that the speaker is in tune with the times...you know,that he or she knows what's in fashion and is pan of that fashion.Second,slang is cool in the sense of showing that the speaker is knowledgeable...the speaker is"in the know,"the speaker knows when slang is acceptable.People don't use slang all the time,only in situations and with people who accept the use of slang—a point I'll return to later.Research tells us that although young people often deny that they use slang intentionally,in fact they clearly choose whether or not to use it depending on the situation they're in.As we've already said,slang's typically used in informal rather than formal settings,and this is certainly true among college students: They usually avoid using it in the class-room or a work environment,for example. Anyone like to suggest why?S TUDENT1:People won't understand them.STUDENT2:Yeah,so it's like a waste of time.TEACHER:Well,that may be true,but it's not the main reason.They don't use it simply because it could make them look bad.And everyone hates looking bad,right?So,to review,we've said that students use slang only in certain situations.But they also only use it with certain people,usually friends.When they use slang,they are showing that they share social and emotional experiences—so slang reinforces their relationships.But...it also gives special meaning to what they say.For instance,to say "That party was the bomb"is more than merely saying it was a very good party.It shares an emotional experience that might otherwise take several sentences to explain.In other words,it's a kind of...shorthand.The third and final way slang's cool is that it's fun;it's very creative in the same way that poetry is,and it's often humorous.In other words,it's a form of play,a way of entertaining.So...uh,let me repeat:I've said that slang's cool for three reasons:One,it shows the user's fashionable and in tune with the times;two,it's a way of reinforcing relationships and communicating efficiently;and three,it's fun and entertaining.Got that?All right then,let's now take a look at different kinds of slang,in particular three types of slang words:those that are currently most used,those that linger year after year,and those that have become unfashionable.So...now what is the most used slang?Well,research tells us that over the past few years,in the number one position is"dope,"which basically means very good,great,excellent,attractive,or nice.So somebody might say,for example,that his friend's new motorbike is really dope;in other words,it's very good.Other words that feature in the top twenty include"chill out"(to calm down or relax),"the bomb"(meaning the best or most excellent),"whack"(which means bad,unfair,crazy,or foolish),and"dude" (meaning person—usually a man,actually).Any other examples?Yes?S TUDENT1:Hella.T EACHER:Meaning?S TUDENT1:Very,a lot.T EACHER:OK,yep.Luis?STUDENT3:"Kick it,"which means,like,to hang out,uh,relax,you know,sit around doing nothing.TEACHER:Right.And it's interesting,isn't it,how most slang terms indicate approval or disapproval;they show what we feel positive or negative about.So,like"dope"and "the bomb,"we have"sweet,""phat"—spelled P-H-A-T,not F-A-T—"cool,"and "tight"—all meaning good,excellent,nice,or attractive.And then you have words like"bad"which really mean good;so"That new CD is bad" actually means it's good!So you see,slang does strange things with language.Like I said earlier,it's certainly creative.As a matter of fact,some slang words have many different meanings,sometimes as many as nine or ten.For instance,the word"trip"or"tripping" has various meanings,but they all reflect the idea of unusual,strange,or extreme.When a word's used a lot or has a number of different meanings like this,we sometimes say it "works hard."The word"trip,"then,is a word that works hard.Uh...now,the second type of slang consists of words that linger from decade to decade and never seem to go out of fashion—and these words also work hard,that is, they have a lot of meanings.A great example is the word cool—forever popular,it seems!Other terms in this category are"nerd,""cheesy,""chick,""the man,""toasted," "wasted,""what's up,""blow away,"and"gross."And once again,most of these show approval or disapproval.And...now,finally,there are slang terms that come and go;they disappear almost as quickly as they appear.Examples include"gimme five,""how's it hanging,"and"core." Words like these often disappear because they're closely associated with famous personalities who similarly come and go—they're popular,in the spotlight for a while, and then seem almost to disappear.And when they disappear,the slang associated with them tends to disappear as well.Now,today,public tolerance of slang is at an all-time high—just look at how widely it's used in newspapers.But how do college teachers and academics view slang?Well, some persist with the idea that its use will degrade...uh,you might even say"pollute" academic discourse.However,among themselves students tolerate words their teachersmight consider taboo.Students are actually very good at code-switching;that is,they're very good at using different styles or codes of communication in different situations.Do you agree?Do you use slang in your essays or when you speak with a teacher? STUDENT3:Personally I never use slang in essays.It just doesn't feel right.It's true, you know,most students know when to use slang,and when not to.STUDENT2:I agree.I sometimes use it with teachers,though;it just depends on who the teacher is.TEACHER:Why,I imagine most people do the same.Here's something you may find surprising:A recent study on student conversation suggests that students don't in fact use slang that often but instead they choose more ordinary colloquial vocabulary.OK,to finish up,now let me say something about the history of slang.Many years ago, slang was closely associated with underground,criminal organizations,groups that deviate from mainstream society...uh...with notions of outcasts and socially unacceptable behaviors.A look back in time shows,for example,that in the seventeenth century more than twenty words were used to refer to vagrants,that is,to someone who has no home or job.Today,of course,these associations are much weaker and slang's used much more widely.As underground culture has become more mainstream,there's not the same need for the kind of secret code that slang offered.Today,most of us use slang and aren't ashamed of using it.It may still have negative connotations,but like it or not it's here to stay,and increasingly it's become the subject of serious academic study. And why not?As I've tried to show,it's a fascinating social as well as linguistic phenomenon.So,any questions?...Unit2Murphy's LawTEACHER:Good afternoon,everyone.More than200years ago,the Scottish poet Robert Burns said that"the best laid plans of mice and men often go awry."I'm sure we all have firsthand experience with what Burns means;no matter how carefully we plan a project and no matter how carefully we try to,uh,anticipate problems,we're likely to,uh encounter something unexpected and unwelcome that will throw our plan off course. Well,class today we'll be looking at how plans can go right or wrong...and,uh,how we can make sense of this.Are you all familiar with Murphy's Law?Well,according to Murphy's Law,anything that can go wrong will go wrong.So we'll be looking at everyday examples of Murphy's Law—uh,things like why toast falls buttered-side down, why it always seems like we choose slow lines at the supermarket,and why it is so difficult to win when we gamble.As you may know,we now have many different versions of Murphy's Law,and today I'd like to look at the science behind three of them.I'll try to show you that some thingswhich have happened to you,and which you may have thought were simply bad luck, had nothing to do with luck at all.What I'm saying is that there are some very good scientific reasons for many of the things that happen to us,and we're not victims of bad luck as often as we might think.When we consider some basic science and probability theory,we can more clearly understand why some"bad"things happen the way they do. All right.Let's begin with a very commonplace situation.Let's say you've just gotten up. You're still sleepy,and you make your way to the breakfast table.In your half-awake state,you accidentally hit your piece of toast,which has butter on one side.The toast begins to fall to the floor.Now what are the chances that you'll be lucky and the toast will land buttered-side up?Well,the toast has only two sides,so most people think that the answer is fifty-fifty.Fifty percent.Right?Do you think that there's a50percent chance that the toast will land with the buttered-side up?STUDENT1:Well,this sounds like a trick question,but,uh,yeah.Logically,50percent sounds about right.TEACHER:Yes,50percent does seem right,but,in this case,Murphy's Law of Falling Toast says:"Toast which falls from a table will land buttered-side down."Actually,the probability of this happening is extremely high.It's close to100percent.Now,here's why.When something like a piece of toast falls from a table,its behavior is not random. The rate of spin is controlled by the laws of physics.This is the problem.The rate of spin, that is,how fast the toast spins,is too low for the toast to make a complete revolution.It's too slow to turn completely around and hit the floor buttered-side up.The rate of spin is determined by the force of gravity.So in a very real sense,the laws of physics,and specifically the rate of spin,make sure that our toast lands buttered-side down almost all the time.So the point is that simple probabilities—for example,the probability that toast has a fifty-fifty chance of landing buttered-side up—can be greatly affected by other more fundamental factors,such as the laws of physics.So,in this case,we believe that we have bad luck because we don't understand that the natural laws of physics are in effect.The toast should land buttered-side down.OK?Let's look at the next point.Now we come to one of my most frustrating situations in life—the supermarket line.In this case,Murphy's Law of Supermarket Lines says:"The line next to you will move faster than yours."Now everybody wants to get into the fastest line when they go to the supermarket,right?OK,so let's say that you're at your local supermarket and there are five lines,but each of the five lines looks pretty much equal in length.Now,of course, you want to try to anticipate which one of the five lines will move the fastest.Well,this is where simple probability theory enters the picture.The chances that you have chosen the fastest of the five lines is one divided by the number of lines,which is five in this case.So mathematically,the formula is one divided by N where N is the total number of lines.So in this example,one divided by five gives us what?STUDENT2:One divided by five is one-fifth or...uh...20percent.TEACHER:Right.Twenty percent.There's only a20percent chance that we have chosen the fastest of the five lines.Now even if we reduce that to three lines,our line and the lines on each side of us,the chances we've chosen the fastest line are still only what?S TUDENT2:Uh,33percent.One out of three.TEACHER:Sure.One divided by three is33percent,so it's not just your imagination that one line near you almost always moves faster than yours.Simple probability theory shows that the odds are against you.If there are very many lines,the chances that you'll choose the fastest one is quite low.So,you see,it has little to do with luck,but w e perceive that it does.All right.Now let's look at a final situation that shows how we commonly misunderstand the laws of probability.We've come to Murphy's Law of Gambling that says simply:"You will lose."Now in the case of the supermarket lines that we've just talked about,probability theory applied very nicely.And actually,as we go through life, most things are fairly predictable because they follow the basic laws of probability. Weather is an example.Let's say that it's been raining for a week,and a friend says to you"I think it's going to be sunny tomorrow."Is that an unreasonable statement?Well, no.Clouds move,and they are of limited size,so if it's been raining for a week,it's likely that the rain and clouds will end soon.In other words,the next sunny day is more likely to occur after the seventh day of rain than after the first,because the storm front has what is called a life history.Now this is important,so let me explain that term.Events with a life history have changing probabilities of certain events occurring over time.For instance,uh,if you plant flower seeds,you can predict with reasonable accuracy when the plants will come up,when they will bloom,and how long they will bloom.For instance,with some types of flowers,there's a90percent chance that they will come up fifteen to twenty days after the seeds have been planted.In short,the growth of a flower follows a clear predictable pattern,and we call this pattern a life history.But this is the trick with many gambling games.The casino owners want us to believe that dice also have a life history and that we can therefore estimate the probability of events related to the dice.However,gambling devices like dice are different because they don't have life histories.Now...what do you think that means?STUDENT1:There aren't any reliable patterns?Um,just because I rolled a seven last time doesn't tell me anything about the next roll.TEACHER:Right.You can't look at the past rolls of the dice and predict what the next roll will be.Now many people,especially gamblers,think that they can,but this is what's called the gambler's fallacy.The gambler's fallacy is expecting to roll a seven with a pair of dice because a seven hasn't come up recently.So,in other words,there's a widespread belief among gamblers that dice have a life history.In thereal world,that's not a bad way to reason,but in a casino,it's the path to financial loss. Dice have no memory,no life history.Now you can predict that if you roll one dice many,many times,the number five will come up about16percent of the time.That's one divided by six.But that's not what we're concerned with here.We're concerned with the next roll of the dice.As a result,the element of arbitrariness or randomness makes prediction of the next roll impossible.Statisticians who work with probability theory call the roll of a pair of dice a single-event probability,and many of these same statisticians believe that the probability of a single event can't even be computed mathematically.So, the same probability theory that works well with supermarket lines won't help you win a million dollars in a dice game in Las Vegas.It could,in fact,lead to a catastrophe!So,to sum up,we have looked at three cases involving Murphy's Law and our perception of"bad luck."The first case was the toast,right?Our toast lands buttered-side down far more often than we would predict because the basic laws of physics have a strong effect on normal probabilities.The second case was the supermarket line, remember?Another line moves faster than ours because the laws of probability are behaving normally,even though we might perceive them as behaving unfairly.And the third case was the dice game.People lose at gambling games like dice because the laws of"life history probability"simply don't apply in those situations,even though gamblers think they do.So,as you can see,in some cases,Murphy's Law is not just some form of bad luck. There are some very real,scientific explanations for these events.OK,that's about it for today.For next class I'd like you to take a look at Chapter7and be ready to talk about the discussion questions on page255.See you then.Unit3Types of MemoryTEACHER:Good morning everyone.Um...today,I have the pleasure of introducing you to the basics of what I think is one of the most fascinating topics in the field of psychology—memory.What is memory?How does memory work?The research in this field is fascinating and dates back to the late1800s,so it's been going on for more than a century.I'll begin today by saying a few things about three types of memory that we all have,and then we'll look at how memory is measured.All right.First of all,let's begin by looking at types of memory.One of the most common ways to classify memory is based on time...based on time and duration of use.So typically,memory is divided into three types:sensory memory,working memory (which is also referred to as short-term memory),and long-term memory.Again,that's sensory memory,working memory,and long-term memory.Let's talk about sensory memory for a minute.Sensory memory holds information for only an instant,say,less than half a second.This is just long enough to register an impression on one or more of our five senses—sight,hearing,touch,smell,or taste.Let me give you an example of aphenomenon concerning visual sensory memory that I'm sure you've all experienced. Imagine that you're holding up a flashlight on a dark night.You start to move it in circles slowly,watching it carefully the whole time.Pretty soon you aren't just seeing the flashlight...you can see a full circle of light!Of course,it's actually just one point of light being moved around,but your memory of the visual sensation of the light fills in the rest of the circle.That's one example of sensory memory.So remember,you can hold something in your sensory memory for just a fraction of a second,up to around half a second,then it fades away.Now if you want to keep the information for longer than a second,you have to put it into your working memory.Working memory,the second type of memory,allows us to hold on to things for as long as we think about them,that is,as long as we're paying attention to them.It's something like a kind of temporary storage place.Let me give you a simple math problem.Are you ready?Here goes...18plus44plus9plus19...I'll say that one more time.OK?18plus44plus9plus19....All right?...Do you all have the answer?Maya?S TUDENT1:Uh,I think it's90.Yeah,90.T EACHER:Let's see...18plus44is62...plus9is71...plus19is90.Ninety is the answer.Now,to figure out this problem,you had to use your working memory.As you did the problem,you had to continue holding the numbers in your memory until you got the final answer.If you stopped concentrating on the numbers,that is,you stopped saying them to yourself,or stopped visualizing them,you would have forgotten them and then you wouldn't have been able to solve the problem.Do you see how that works? Here's one more example of working memory involving reading.Look at the sentence: "Honey is the only natural food that is made without destroying any kind of life."It's written down in your textbook.Why,you may wonder,do we need working memory to understand such a simple sentence?Well,the answer is because working memory holds the first part of the sentence,"Honey is the only natural food..."while our eyes move on to the last part,that is,"made without destroying any kind of life."Without our working memory,we would forget the first part of the sentence before we got to the end.So reading even short or simple passages would be impossible without our working memory.OK,I think you can see how important working memory is,but our working memory is very limited,and it can only hold information temporarily.It usually lasts only one and one half to two seconds and then it begins to fade.So if working memory were all we had,we would be very limited.Essentially,working memory mediates between how we experience the environment and our long-term memory.This brings us to the third type of memory that we'll talk about today,long-term memory.Now,long-term memory is involved with information that's stored for considerable lengths of time.For example,do you remember the name of your best friend when you were ten years old?I bet you do,because this information is certainly in your long-term memory.Actually,memory that's tested after about one minute behaves in a very simi-lar way to memory tested after a day,a week,or even years,so many scientists believe that any memories more than one minute old are part of our long-term memory. Interestingly,these memories seem to change over time in the sense that we tend to add information to them.In a sense,our memories become somewhat distorted.The reason behind these changes is that our memory is designed to keep or preserve meaning,not to keep impressions or images,but to keep meaning.For example,try to remember a conversation you had yesterday with a friend.Now if you're like most people,you can't remember the exact words that you or your friend said,but you can remember the ideas that you discussed.Your memories of the points that were most important to you will be the clearest.So the essential feature of long-term memory is that it specializes in holding meaning.OK,are there any questions about that?Yes?STUDENT1:Yeah.Can you explain why we don't remember all of the details of our past conversations?TEACHER:So the question is,"Why do we forget?"Well,most experts believe that if we remembered all of the details of our past experiences,our memory system would be filled with a lot of trivial information,a lot of trivial and generally useless information. Secondly,it is conceivable that we would find it extremely difficult to sift through such a...a mass of detailed information and find the really important information that we need.Um...in other words,memory searches would proceed a lot more slowly.S TUDENT1:OK,I see.Thank you.TEACHER:OK,let's move on to ways of measuring memory.Just as we distinguished three types of memory,there are three main ways of measuring how much a person remembers.The first of these methods is called recall.You use recall many times every day.Here's what I mean....Take out a sheet of paper....OK,now look at the word list in your text:drum,band,studio,and so on....Read it silently to yourself....OK?... Have you looked at all of the words?...OK,you should be finished by now.Now,close your book.Write down the words you saw,as many as you can,on your paper....Go ahead....OK,that's a simple recall test.Now,most of you probably remembered most of the words,but not all of them.Our memories,of course,are not perfect,and of course forgetting is natural.The second method of measuring memory is recognition.OK,for this you need another piece of paper,or just turn that one over....All right.Number the page from one to eight....Now look at the word list again.OK,now close your book.I'm going to say eight words.You have to write"yes"or"no"—"yes"if the word I say was on the list, "no"if the word I say was not on the list.Ready?Here I go.1.studio.2.guitar.3.stage.4.recorder.5.wiring.6.song7.vocalist.8.drum....OK,everybody finished?The answers are1.yes,2.no,3.yes,4.no,5.yes,6.no,7.yes,and8.yes....How did you do?Anyone get all eight correct?...Good!That's what we call a recognition test.In contrast to the recall test,recognition is more receptive and doesn't require you to produce anything.For this reason,recognition is a lot easier for most of us than recall.In other words,asking yourself "Have I seen this before?"is easier than remembering everything you saw.Now the third basic method used to measure memory is relearning.Let me give you an example of a relearning test.First,you try to memorize a list of words.Then you don't look at the list for a period of time,maybe a week.If you're like most people,you won't be able to remember all of the words.After a week,you then look at the list a second time and try to relearn it.As you would guess,most people relearn information somewhat faster than they learn it the first time.By measuring the time people need to relearn information,we can calculate how much information they have stored in their long-term memories the first time.So,let's stop there for today.Uh...I hope that you'll put today's material in your long-term memory...or you're going to have a hard time with the test.See you next week.Unit4Actions Speak Louder than WordsTEACHER:OK,class,OK...let's begin.What do we mean when we say that actions speak louder than words?STUDENT1:Uh...that means we believe people's actions more than we believe their words.TEACHER:Yes,exactly right—and,uh,in a sense,actions are more important than words.That's because we usually judge speakers'intentions by the nonverbal signals they send us.And that's what our subject today's all about,nonverbal communication—how we communicate through our actions—facial expressions,eye contact,tone of voice,uh,body movement,and so on.And if any of you doubt the importance of these things,you might like to consider a couple of statistics I've got here in front of me.Some communication specialists estimate we spend about75percent of our waking hours communicating.And,more to the point,words account for only,mm, 10to30percent of that communication—the bulk's nonverbal.That's food for thought, uh?Now although people clearly understand its importance,nonverbal communication—I'll call it N.V.C.for short—is actually a rather recent field of study and owes a lot to an American anthropologist named Raymond Birdwhistle—spelled B-I-R-D-W-H-I-S-T-L-E.Easy name to remember,right?Birdwhistle began studying nonverbal communication in the1950s and,um...one of his main ideas was that the meaning of nonverbal behavior depended on the context in which it was used....Uh,it depends on the context.So,he looked at the whole context of nonverbal behavior—how and,uh,where certain types of nonverbal behavior appeared—and not just one particular behavior in isolation.Facial expressions,for example—frowns,smiles,raised eyebrows, and,uh,so on—we all use these to convey many different meanings.But those meanings are largely determined by the situations we're in and the relationships that we have with the people we're communicating with.So,the same。
新视野大学英语听说教程2(第二版)听力原文及问题详解1-10全
新视野大学英语听说教程2（第二版）听力原文及答案1-10全Unit 1一.short conversations12345678910二．long conversation三．passageUnit2一.short conversations 12345678910二long conversation三passageUnit 3一、short conversations 12345678910二long conversation三passageUnit 4一．short conversations 12345678910二long conversation三passageUnit 5一short conversations 12345678910二long conversation三passageUnit 6一．short conversations 12345678910二long conversation三passageUnit 7一．short conversations 12345678910二long conversation三passageUnit 8一．short conversations 12345678910二long conversation三passageUnit 9一.short conversations二long conversation三passageUnit 10一.short conversations二long conversation三passage新视野大学英语听说教程【第二版】第二册答案Unit 1 International Clock TalkShort Conversations1.B2.D3.C4.D5.C6.C7.B8.B9.A 10.CLong Conversation1.D2.D3.A4.B5.CUnderstanding a Passage1.C2.D3.B4.C5.BMovie Speech1.upset2.sickw4.harmless5.break6.replaced7.memories8.natural9.birthday 10.appreciateStory-retelling1. Sit quietly and listen to him2. A blank stare3. Put it a different way4. speak up in class5. In turn/ a great deal ofHomework ListeningTask 1 1.D 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.BTask 2 1.C 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.CTask 31.the age, size and future2.seventy years ago3.increase with distancete that month5.a light year6.distances in space7.other measurements 8.support the idea9.slow down and break up 10.or possibly even olderUnit 2 All that Glitters Is Olympic GoldShort Conversations1.B2.B3.C4.C5.C6.A7.A8.A9.C 10.ALong Conversation1.D2.B3.C4.D5.DUnderstanding a Passage1.C2.B3.C4.D5.DMovie Speech1.training2.touch3.understand4.appreciate5.trouble6.fighting7.three8.honest9.cry 10.borrowHomework ListeningTask 1 1.D 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.ATask 2 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.DTask 31.on the ball2.did something unexpected3.at the job or activity4.hit it out of the park5.think it over6.is very successfulplete a job or activity 8.did something wrong9.how much it is worth 10.close to my selling priceUnit 3 Pros and Cons of mixed MarriagesShort Conversations1.D2.A3.B4.C5.D6.A7.D8.B9. A 10.BLong Conversation1.A2.B3.D4.D5.AUnderstanding a Passage1.B2.D3.D4.A5.BMovie Dialog1.night2.definitely3.love4.wise5.My wife6.267.died8.youngest9.goes by 10.gotten oldListening and Speaking1.physically OK2.To the kitchen3.a bowl of ice cream4.I don’t need to write it down5. a plate of bacon and eggsSupplementary ListeningTask 1 1.A 2.B 3.D 4.C 5.DTask 2 1.B 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.ATask 31.they care about2.performed marriages .3.wait longer to get married4.bring people together5.plan a blind date6.follow their cultural traditions7.meant for the other 8.establishing a relationship9.improve their chances 10.meet someone over the InternetUnit 4 A Hunk of Burning LoveShort Conversations1.D2.B3.C4.A5.B6.D7.A8.C9.C 10.BLong Conversation1.B2.A3.C4.D5.BUnderstanding a Passage1.C2.B3.D4.B5.AMovie Speech1.certain2.occasionallye along4.receiving5.delight6.gathering7.natural8.special9.welcoming 10.reminding Homework ListeningTask 1 1.A 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.BTask 2 1.D 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.BTask 31.answer a question2.to be admitted3.copies of all school records4.the results of the TOFEL5.minimum acceptable TOFEL score6.additional English training7.conditionally accept students 8.taking regular class9.provides more information 10.successfully pass classesUnit 5 Enough of worries and tearsShort Conversations1.C2.D3.A4.C5.A6.B7.D8.D9.D 10.CLong Conversation1.B2.D3.A4.D5.AUnderstanding a Passage1.D2.C3.B4.A5.CMovie Speech1.everything the light touches2.rises and falls3.will rise with you4.shadowy place5.never go there6.getting your way7.exists together 8.respect all creatures 9.let me explain10. in the great circle of lifeHomework ListeningTask 1 1.B 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.CTask 2 1.A 2.C 3.D 4.D 5.BTask 31.one million new cases2.have increased3.drug treatments4.gathered results5.145,0006.before it has spread7.from coming back 8.reduce by half 9.within 15 years10.middle-aged womenUnit 6 What’s in a name?Warming up1.T2.F3.TShort conversations1.B2.A3.D4.B5.B6.C7.C8.A9.B 10.CLong conversation1.A2.D3.D4.C5.BPassage1.C2.A3.B4.C5.DMovie dialog1.important decisions2.As in3.agreed on4.What’s wrong with5.I mean6.wait a minute7.what a challenge 8.what he’s doing? 9.gets his way10.ever imaginedHomeworkTask 1 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.CTask 2 1.B 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.DTask 31.federal governmentcation reform law3.be forced to4.place top importance on5.calls for6.main goal7.by 40 percent 8.low-income and minority9.poorly performing students 10.free after-school helpUnit 7 Relax or DieShort Conversations1.B2.C3.B4.A5.A6.D7.B8.C9. D 10.CLong Conversation1.D2.C3.B4.A5.BUnderstanding a Passage1.C2.C3.D4.D5.BMovie Speech1.flight2.heartbroken3.tries realhard4.witnessing a miraclepletely6.marriage7.special occasions 8.sacrifices 9.dream10.chooseHomework ListeningTask 1 1.D 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.ATask 2 1.D 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.DTask 31.severe mental health2.published the findings3.examined the results4.gathered the information5.learn what treatment6.nervous anxiety7.illegal drugs 8.less likely to admit9.with serious disorders 10.prevent many serious cases laterUnit 8 Life Outside of WorkShort Conversations1.B2.A3.C4.D5.D6.D7.C8.B9. A10.BLong Conversation1.B2.A3.D4.A5.CUnderstanding a Passage1.B2.C3.C4.A5.BMovie Speech1.the light had gone2.should remember3.don’t go the right way4.when we suffer defeat5.you’re really tested6.on the highest mountain7.served this government and this country 8.always give your best9.high hopes and good spirits 10. in our heartsHomework ListeningTask 1 1.C 2.D 3.D 4.D 5.BTask 2 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.CTask 31.how much they expect to learn2.dishonest reporting3.are charged with4.under pressure5.include a warning6.should not be held responsible7.have influenced that decision 8.no reason to stop9.estimate earnings 10.to hide bad newsUnit 9 Only Losers QuitShort Conversations1C 2.D 3.A 4.A 5.D 6.B 7.A 8.B 9.C 10.CLong Conversation1.B2.D3.A4.C5.CUnderstanding a Passage1.B2.D3.C4.C5.BMovie Speeche on in2.sweetheart3.a part of life4.your own destiny5.God gave you6.figure that out7.a box of chocolates 8.explaining 9.had got the cancer10.with little flowers on itHomework ListeningTask 1 1.A 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.BTask 2 1.C 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.ATask 31.develop a plan2.reduce cancer rates3.cancer prevention and control4.a leading cause of death5.on the rise6.cancer-producing chemicals7.aging populations 8.most common forms,9.more action is needed 10.early cancer testingUnit 10 The Tragedy of WarWarming up1.F2.F3.TShort Conversations1.D2.B3.B4.D5.C6.C7.A8.B9.C 10.ALong Conversation1.D2.C3.A4.B5.DUnderstanding a Passage1.B2.C3.D4.D5.AMovie Speech1.guarded2.a greater responsibility3.Marines4.probably saved lives5.existence6.parties7. honor 8.spent defending something 9.freedom10.OtherwaiseListening and Discussion1. A Japanese pen friend.2. He had always criticized the nuclear attacks.3. Around 140,000 people.4. Open-ended.5. Open-ended.Homework ListeningTask 1 1.D 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.BTask 2 1.C 2.B 3.D 4.B 5.ATask 31.monthly payments2.more money than3.is expected to4.be out of money5.born out of6.pay for itself7.start with 8.survived the death9.for the poor 10.all federal workers。
英语听力教程(第2册)Unit 7 听力原文
Unit 7 听力原文Part IB1. A: Do you know how many teeth you’ve got?B: How many teeth? Ooh, ooh. 24? More? (A: Yes) 32?A: Yes.2. A: Do you know how many bones there are in your body?B: How many bones? I'll take a guess. 153.A: 2063. A: How often does your heart beat?B: 98 times a minute.A: No, 70 times a minute.4. Bob: Do you know what the boss thinks you should do, Billy?Billy: Just you keep your great nose out of this, Bob, will you?(Meaning: not interfere in)5. Anne: Steven Kent, I never, never want to see you in my life again.Steven: Oh no.Mary: You really have put your foot in it, haven't you?(Meaning: cause embarrassment by doing or saying sth. tactless)6. Kate: Dave! Can you give me a hand, please?Dave: What?Kate: I said can you give me a hand.Dave: All right, I'm coming. No need to shout.(Meaning: ask for help)7. Max: Are there any jobs going in your company then, for an intelligent, hard-working youngman like my son Julian?Frank: No, I haven't heard of any at all recently.Max: Well, could you keep your ears open, just in case?(Meaning: listen with care)8. Carol: Have you heard about Maggie then?Norma: Maggie? Maggie Thatcher?Carol: No. Maggie Brown. She's in love again.Norma: Oh not again. Who with this time?Carol: With her boss. Head over heels in love with him, she is.(Meaning: completely)9. Nick: Have you ever lent any money to Mick?Jill: Mick? Huh! I wouldn't lend him any if I were you.Nick: Why not? Doesn't he pay it back?Jill: No. Never. He's up to his neck in debts.(Meaning: deeply involved in)10. Liz: She's a very good doctor. Never looks at her watch. Never complains. Nothing's too muchtrouble for her.Pat: I know, yeah. Not many like her about. She's all heart, really. All heart.(Meaning: with the deepest devotion)CNobody's really sure why people go bald, but some scientists believe that people may inherit baldness. If you are interested, check out your mother' father. Your hairline may look like his when you get older. Now listen to this radio phone-in. Complete the following chart.check out：查查hairline：发线comb hair：梳头shampoo：洗发bald：秃顶baldness：秃头ridiculous：可笑patch：部分，区域wig：假发Radio presenter: All right. Thank you for that call, Rosemary. We go now, I think, to Glasgow and our next caller, er, Jim Baillie. Hello Jim.Jim: Hello?Radio presenter: Hello Jim. What's your problem?Jim:Er … well I'm er … beginning to lose my hair. Er, I went to the doctor, but he just said there was nothing I can do about it. He said it was probably hereditary. My father was bald by the time he was thirty.Maurice: Hello, Jim. And how old are you?Jim: Me. I'm twenty-eight.Maurice: And are you losing a lot of hair, then?Jim: Well, it comes out a lot when I comb my hair and you can see a thin part on the top of my head.Maurice: And does that really worry you, jim?Jim: Well. I don't like it. It's old … you know … looks old … I don't want to look like a middle-aged man at twenty-eight. And I wondered if there was some special shampoo I should use … if you could tell me one that I should buy … something like that … you know … to stop it getting worse.Maurice: Well, you know, Jim, to be honest with you there's not really a lot you can do about it, actually, I'm afraid. I mean, baldness is one of those things that, in my experience, you just have to try to accept. Some men find it more difficult to accept baldness than others …Tessa: There is one piece of advice, though, Jim, and that's don't try to comb your hair over the bald or thin patch. Don't try to hide it. Whatever you do, don't comb it over because that usually looks ridiculous. And the other thing that usually looks ridiculous is a man with a wig. Don't let anyone persuade you to buy one of those false hairpiece things, because they usually look much worse than a bald man. I actually think bald men can look very attractive. My husband's bald and I think it really suits him.Part II The digestive system and diarrheaThe human body is a highly complex self-generator, that is to say, provided it is given the right fuel, it is capable of both curing and warding off disease. The food we eat helps to give us energy. It has a long journey to make before all its goodness has been taken into our body. The food takes up to six hours to be digested in the stomach, depending on the size of the meal. Thecomplete digestive process takes about 24 hours. But sometimes the system can go wrong.complex：复杂self-generator：自愈(体)provided：假设fuel：燃料warding off：避免digest：消化digestion：消化digestive process：消化过程digestive system：消化系统stomach：胃over-tax：课税过重；负担过重insufficiently：不够，不能胜任grind to a halt：慢慢减速到停止;陷入停顿rusty：生锈的，腐蚀的coil up：缭绕mechanism：机制，机能sluggish：行动迟缓的，反应慢的abdomen：肚子efficiently：效率高地;有效地break down：损坏watery：含水的，水分多的squeeze：挤；榨muscle：肌肉irritable：易怒的，急躁的;过敏的;应激性的;毛躁dehydrate：使脱水，使干燥gut：肠子；勇气;内脏;直觉;reasonable：合理的，公道的irritate：刺激，使兴奋;bowel：肠;内部;同情心，怜悯心obviously：明显clear up：清除intestine：肠enzyme：酶feces：粪，屎，渣滓;粪便symptom：症状;征兆diarrhea：腹泻constipation：便秘contaminated food：污染的食物virus：病毒parasite：寄生虫dehydration：脱水;干燥，极度口渴;失水fluid：液体，流体life saver：救生者bacteria：细菌syndrome：综合征;综合症状;典型表现tummy pains：胃/肚子痛a pinch of：一撮，少许AOur body is made up of thousands of different parts. All these parts work together to keep us alive and to help us move around. The parts of the human body are like the parts of a very complicated machine. Like any other machine, however, if it is inexpertly cared for, over-taxed or insufficiently used, it will become rusty, sluggish or clogged and parts of its mechanism may even grind to a halt. That is why it is so important to keep every part of the human machine healthy and properly cared for. To keep in good running order, the body requires the raw materials for growth and the replacement of tissues when necessary. Our bodies burn food like fuel to produce the energy we need.The human digestive system is a bit like a very long tube, but it's a lot more complex. It's several meters long, and most of it is carefully coiled up in our abdomen. It has several important jobs to do.First, it must digest or break down our food. Digestion starts the moment food enters our mouth. Then it continues as the food is squeezed along the gut by muscles in the wall of the intestine. As the food travels through the gut, natural chemicals called enzymes are added to it, which help break down the food. Then this digested food and water must be absorbed from the gut into our blood stream so that it can be used by the body. Finally, the gut must carry away any waste products in the form of feces.Usually our intestine does all these things very efficiently. But sometimes things can go wrong. Probably the most common gut symptoms are diarrhea and constipation.With diarrhea, the food and water travels too quickly through the intestine, often making the feces watery, and making it necessary to open the bowels more frequently.There are lots of causes of diarrhea. Probably the commonest causes of diarrhea are contaminated food or water, and infection caused by viruses or parasites.Many cases of diarrhea clear up within a few days without any special medicines. But the body loses a lot of fluid through diarrhea, so there is a very real risk of the body drying out or becoming dehydrated. Because of this risk of dehydration, the best treatment for diarrhea is simply to make sure you are drinking enough. Avoiding dehydration in this way can be a life saver.BThere are lots of different causes of diarrhea. Um, there are infections that can happen, and this is food poisoning, if you like, where in your food you eat some sort of bacteria or organisms, which infect you. Some foods can just irritate the gut and tend to give you diarrhea, although they are not infected. It's just the food itself (that) might irritate your system. Some people, if they get very nervous and stressed about something, find they tend to get diarrhea. Something called the irritable bowel syndrome where something goes wrong with the way the gut works. And people that suffer from this tend to get, um, tummy pains, and they get sometimes diarrhea, sometimes constipation. All sorts of causes.Most attacks of diarrhea, um, particularly in adults, are not serious and they clear up by themselves within one or two days. The most important thing is to drink lots of fluid, because if you have got diarrhea, you're obviously losing a lot of fluid. And so it's better really not to eat toomuch, not to worry about that, but to make sure you drink plenty of fluid. And ideally, this should have a little bit of salt and sugar in. You can get special rehydrating fluids, which are specially mixed. But if you want to make your own by adding just a teaspoonful of sugar and a pinch of salt, then it's obviously perfectly reasonable to do that.Part III ImmunityThe environment contains many potentially destructive microorganisms. It is impossible for us to avoid contact with microbes. That's why our body is constantly under attack from invading germs and infections. Then why don't we suffer from constant illness? Do we have our own defense system?B.potentially：潜在地destructive：破坏性的microorganisms：微生物impossible：不可能microbes：微生物，细菌invading germs：侵入的细菌suffer from：生病；忍受defense system：防护系统lash：鞭挞，鞭子;责骂;讽刺;眼睫毛immunity：免疫constant (ly)：持续come into play：起作用germ：细菌literally：字面上assist：帮助reserve：保存，储备，储存backup：支持，后援;阻塞;（计）备份文件bone marrow：骨髓antibody：抗体measles：麻疹polio：脊髓灰质炎；小儿麻痹症tuberculosis：肺结核The human body is constantly under attack from invading germs and infections. And the only reason we don't suffer from constant illness is our bodies have their own defense mechanism to fight off disease. This resistance to infection is called immunity.A: How does immunity work?B: Well, the immune system is the body's own secret army, which fights infection. And it consists of a whole range of troops, soldiers, their cells and their molecules. Now the headquarters of this army is really the blood. That's where it does most of its fighting. And sometimes it needs some reserve, and that comes from the bone marrow. That's where the immune cells are made.A: So there are many different kinds of cells, different kinds of molecules in the immune system. I guessed the ones that we're probably more familiar with are white blood cells.B: That's right. White blood cells form a major part of the body's defense. But there are also antibodies in their life, more proteins. They just lash onto the invaders. The white cells cansometimes actually gobble up invaders. The clever thing is that once the infection has attacked our body, the immune system seems to have a memory of the invader, so that the next time it sees the invader it can attack very quickly.A: There are some things which we're not naturally immune to and that's where vaccination comes in, isn't it?B: Exactly. Vaccination plays on the body's ability to remember infection. So what happens is that someone is given a version of an illness, for instance, measles or polio, or tuberculosis, and the body thinks that it is actually being infected with that infection. And the next time it sees it, the body can respond very quickly. All the troops of its immune system can come into play.A: Now sometimes the immune system doesn't work very well, does it?B:No. It’s a remarkably complex system. And sometimes it can go wrong. Either it can be overactive, so it actually starts to attack our own body self, or it can be underactive sometimes, and we are more likely to be infected in that situation.A: Are there any important illnesses which result from the immune system so that it's turning on our bodies themselves?B: There are. One example would be a disease like multiple-sclerosis, where the body's own immune system attacks the lining of nerves, which means that people's nerves don't work properly. A: We're able to assist the body in its fight against the illness in many cases, but there are some diseases which we don't seem to be able to produce a vaccine for. AIDS is one of them. Why not? B: The problem is AIDS, which is caused by the HIV virus, attacks the human immune system, which means that our normal defenses aren't there to fight off that infection. The other problem with trying to produce a vaccine against HIV or AIDS is that the virus, HIV, can change itself so easily. That's very difficult to find a vaccine which can recognize all the different types of HIV. So one vaccine may be effective against one type of the virus but it may absolutely be no good for another type.C.Presenter: The human body is constantly under attack from invading germs and infections. And the only reason we don't suffer from constant illness is our bodies have their own defense mechanism to fight off disease. This resistance to infection is called immunity. And here with me to discuss how it works is Grime Easton. He is a family doctor, and a member of the Science In It here in the BBC World Service. Grime, how does immunity work?Grime: Well, the immune system is the body's own secret army, if you like, which fights infection. And it consists of a whole range of troops, soldiers, their cells and their molecules. Um, now the headquarters of this army is really the blood. That's where it does most of the fighting. And sometimes it needs some reserve, some backup, and that comes from the bone marrow. That's where the immune cells' factories are.Presenter: So there are many different kinds of cells, and different kinds of molecules tied up in the immune system. I guessed the ones that we're probably more familiar with are white blood cells.Grime: That's right. White blood cells form a major part of the body's defense. But there are also antibodies in their life, more proteins, which just lash onto the invaders. Um, but, as you say, the white cells can sometimes actually gobble up invaders. So the clever thing is that once the infection has attacked our body, the immune system seems to have a memory of the invader, so that the next time it sees the invader it can attack very quickly. The immune system in the humanbody fights invading disease. Immunity occurs because the immune system can remember the chemical makeup of invading germs and attack them very quickly.Presenter:There are some things which we're not naturally immune to and that's where vaccination comes in, isn't it?Grime: Exactly. Vaccination plays on the body's ability to remember infection. So what happens is that someone is given a version of an illness, for instance, measles or polio, or tuberculosis, and the body thinks that it is actually being infected with that infection. And the next time it sees it, um, the body can respond very quickly. And all the troops of its immune system can come into play. Vaccination can be used to protect the body against specific infections.Presenter: Now sometimes the immune system doesn't work very well, does it?Grime: No. It's a remarkably complex system. It's a very complicated system. And sometimes it can go wrong. Either it can be overactive, so it actually starts to attack our own body self, or it can be underactive sometimes, and we are more likely to be infected in that situation.Presenter: Are there any important illnesses which result from the immune system so that it's turning on our bodies themselves?Grime: There are. And one example would be a disease like multiple-sclerosis, where the body's own immune system, we think, attacks the lining of nerves, which means that people's nerves don't work properly.Presenter: We're able to assist the body in its fight against the illness in many cases, but there are some diseases which we don't seem to be able to produce a vaccine for. Um, AIDS is one of them. Why not?Grime: Well, the problem is AIDS, which is caused by the HIV virus, is that HIV itself attacks the human immune system, which means that our normal defenses aren't there to fight off that infection, or indeed many other sorts of infection. The other problem with trying to produce a vaccine against HIV or AIDS is that the virus, HIV, can change itself so easily. Um, that's very difficult to find a vaccine which can recognize all the different types of HIV, which there are. So one vaccine may be effective against one type of the virus but it may absolutely be no good for another type.HIV is the virus that causes AIDS. HIV destroys the body's immune system, and puts the body at greater risk from other common infections.Presenter: I was talking to Dr. Grime Easton of the Science In It about immunity. The reason why he, I, and I hope you, are able to remain as healthy as we are.Part ⅣWhy do I catch coldsVirus are most definitely going to get you. And when they do, they will give you anything, from a cold to Ebola. And yet, technically, virus have no life of their own. So why do they cause so much trouble? More to the point, why do I catch colds?See that guy with the blocked nose. When he sneezes, 40,000 droplets will fly twelve feet in their air, infecting up to 150 people. You should have ducked. A cold virus just can’t live without you. With no cells of its own, it needs to take over your cells and replicate. Here’s something to think about. The virus can only travel around inside a blob of macus. And that mean whenever you catch a sniffle, someone else’s snot has been up your nose. Anyway, your immune system is constantly on the prowl for attackers like these. If it wasn’t, you could end up with fatal pneumonia. So, when it spots a viral invasion, it grabs a sample. Here, a T cell first identifies the invader and then deploys an army of tailor-made immune cells to your nose. These provide specialbackup for the standard immune cells already fighting your cold. Your nose has become a battleground. Meanwhile, to stop infection spreading to your lungs, you’re manufacturing a daily pint of macus. This snot gives you a headache. While the virus irritates your nose, so you have to blow it around 45 times a day. Beating a cold takes you about seven days and you’ll catch about four a year.This is the golden age for the cold virus. It hops on planes with its human hosts, visits new cities and finds hundreds of new homes with every sneeze. As it replicates, it mutates. So by the next year it may be back in a different form.Part V Dental HealthPeople have been troubled by tooth and gum problems for thousands of years. The earliest record of dental treatment comes from ancient Egypt. Books say the Egyptians treated gum swelling by using a substance made of spices and onions. The earliest known person to treat tooth problems was also from Egypt. He lived about five-thousand years ago. He was known as a "doctor of the tooth."Experts say Chinese people living almost five-thousand years ago treated tooth pain by acupuncture -- placing small sharp needles in different parts of the body. About one-thousand-three-hundred years ago, the Chinese filled holes in the teeth with a mixture of the metals mercury, silver and tin. That was almost one-thousand years before a similar substance was first used in western countries. Some ancient people like the Maya did not treat dental disease. But they made their teeth pretty by placing pieces of stone and metal on them.The ancient Romans were careful about keeping their teeth clean. More than two-thousand years ago, the Romans treated toothaches, filled holes in teeth, and made false teeth to replace those that had been lost.From the fifth to the fifteenth centuries, Europeans with tooth problems went to people called barber-surgeons. These people performed many services, including cutting hair, pulling teeth and treating medical conditions. Dental treatment improved during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries as doctors increased their knowledge about teeth.Modern dentistry began in the Seventeen-Hundreds in France. That was when Pierre Fauchard published his book called "The Surgeon Dentist." It was the first book about dental science. The book provided information about dental problems for other dentists to use. And it described ways to keep teeth healthy. Pierre Fauchard is considered the father of modern dentistry. His work was important in helping establish dentistry as a separate profession.。
朗文英语听说教程二
LECTURE AUDIOSCRIPTSUNIT 1 What’s in a Name?TEACHER: Good morning, everybody. Good morning, Felipe, Monica, Theo, and I can't remember your name.STUDENT 1: Patricia.TEACHER: Patricia, right, Patricia. Those are all beautiful names, and that's our topic today-names. Names are a culture universal. This means everyone uses names. A person's name can tell us a bit about a person's family. Today, we’ll begin by looking at first na mes and how people choose names for their children. And then we'll talk about family names, and look at the different categories of family names. Although the scope of the lecture today is English-language names, we can use the same approach, you know, to look at names from any culture.Let's take a brief look at first, or given names. There are several ways parents choose the first name for their child.The first way is by family history. Parents may choose a name because it is passed from generation to generation; for example, the first born son might be named after his father or grandfather. Although family names are also passed to daughters, it is usually as a middle name. Adding "junior" or "the second" for example, William Parker the seconds only done with boys', not with girls’names.The second way parents choose a name is after a family member or friend who has died recently, or after someone "they admire, like a well-known leader or a famous musician. Although most English first names mean something, for example, "Richard" means powerful and “Ann" means grace, nowadays meaning is not the main reason people select their baby's name.The third way is to provide a "push" for the child. Parents want to choose a name that sounds very "successful." A strong name might help them in the business world, for example. Or they might choose a name that works for either gender, like Taylor or Terry. So, given these three methods, what is themost common way parents choose a name? Many parents choose a name simply because they like it, or because it's fashionable or classic. Fashions in names change just as they do in clothes. One hundred years ago, many names came from the Bible names such as Daniel, and Anna, and Hannah and Matthew. Then fifty years ago, Biblical names went out of fashion. Nowadays, names from the Bible are becoming popular again.Similarly, parents often choose classic names, names that were popular in 1900, 1950, and are still popular now. Classic names for boys include Thomas, David, Robert, and Michael. And for girls: Anna, Elizabeth, Emily, and Katherine, just to name a few. They're classic. They never go out of style.Let's look at the origin of last names, also called family names or surnames. Researchers have studied thousands of last names, and they've divided them into four categories. The categories are: place names, patronymics, added names, and occupational names. A recent survey showed that of the 7,000 most popular names in the United States today, 43 percent were place names, 32 percent were patronymics, 15 percent were occupational names, and 9 percent were added names.The first category is place names. Place names usually identified where a person lived or worked. Someone named John Hill lived near a hill, for example, and the Rivers family lived near a river. If you hear the name Emma Bridges, what image do you see? Do you see a family that lives near a bridge? If you do, you get the idea.The second category is patronymics. That's P-A-T-R-O-N-Y-M-I-C-S. A patronymic is the father’s name, plus an ending like S-E-N or S-O-N. The ending means that a child, a boy, is the son of his father. The names Robertson, Petersen, and Wilson are patronymics. Robertson is son of Robert, Petersen is son of Peter, and so on.The third category is added names. Linguists sometimes call this category "nicknames," but when most of us hear the word "nickname," we think of a special name a friend or a parent might use. The word "nickname" is actually an old English word that means an additional name, an added name. So I'll use the term "added name." This category of last names is fun because the names usually described a person. Reed, Baldwin, and Biggs are examples. Reed was from "red" for red hair. Baldwin was someone who was bald, someone who had little or no hair. And Biggs.STUDENT 2: Someone big?TEACHER: Yeah, someone big, right. Now, if we look around the room, wecould probably come up with some new last names, like, uh. Curly or Strong. Now, the fourth category is occupational names. The origin of the family name was the person's occupation. The most common examples of occupational names still used today are Baker (someone who bakes bread). Tailor (someone who sews clothes). Miller (someone who makes flour for bread), and Smith. . . . Now, Smith is actually the most common name in the western English-speaking world. The name comes from an Old English word, smite, that's S-M-I-T-E, which means to hit or strike. In the old days, a smith made metal things for daily life, like tools. Every town needed smiths. What's interesting is that many languages have a family name that means Smith. In Arabic it is Haddad, H-A-D-D-A-D. In Spanish it is Herrera, H-E-R-R-E-R- A. In Italian it is Ferraro, F-E-R-R-A-R-O. And in German it is Schmidt, spelled S-C-H-M-I-D-T. All these names mean smith.Though names may tell us something about someone's family history, you need to keep in mind that they may not tell us much at all about the present. For example, there's usually not much connection between the origin of the name and the person who has it now. Take the name Cook, for instance. A person named Cook today probably doesn't cook for a living. Also, many people change their names for various reasons. Lots of people who have moved to the United States have changed their names to sound more American. This happens less now than in the past, but people still do it. People also use pen names or stage names to give themselves a professional advantage. For example, the writer Samuel Clemens used the pen name Mark Twain, and Thomas Mapother IV uses the stage name Tom Cruisey.So, let's recap now. In t oday’s lesson, we looked at how parents choose English first names. We also looked at some common origins of family names. In the next class, we'll look at how names are given in Korea and in Japan. This is covered in the next section of the book. That’s all for today.Unit 2 English: A Global Language? TEACHER:Today’s topic is English as a global language. I know many of you speak English as a second language, right? How about you, Hiroshi? Is English your first language?STUDENT 1: No, my first language is Japanese. English is my second language.TEACHER: And how about you, Patricia?STUDENT 2: English is my second language, too. My first language is Spanish.TEACHER: See, many of you use English as a second language, even as a global language to communicate with other people who speak English as a second language. Today, I want to give you two contrasting points of view on whether or not English is a global language. The first is that English is obviously a global language. People who support this point of view believe English is the language people all over the world use to communicate, and that it is gradually replacing other languages. The second point of view is that English is not truly a global language because it is not the main language spoken by people worldwide. Supporters of this view say that though many people speak some English worldwide, English has not replaced other languages. They acknowledge that people use English every day, for many reasons, but this doesn't mean English is replacing other languages, nor does it make English the main language spoken in the world.First, let's examine the first view. First of all, English is the dominant language of business, travel, and science. When people need a common language, they often use English. Think about it. English is often used at tourist information centers, in international hotels. If you use a taxi in Rome, and you can't speak Italian, the taxi driver is more likely to use English than any other languages. It is use at business meetings and international sports events. The European Union uses English, along with French, at its meetings….ASEAN the Asian trade group, uses English at its meetings. Can you think of other situations in which English is used as common language?STUDENT 2: How about this class? All of in the Philippines, Singapore, and Indian.TEACHER: Absolutely. Educational settings are a great example. Any others?STUDENT 2: How about a chatroom on sometimes go to chatrooms andeveryone is using English.TEACHER:Excellent example. The Internet has created a lot of communities and people often use English. In fact, most people who use the Internet know English. This helps support the view that English is a global language.The second major reason that people believe English is a global language is that it is the official language of more than seventy-five countries. This means these countries use English in schools, banks, business, and government. Of these seventy-five countries, English may be the only official language of the country, like in England, or English may be used along with other official languages, like in the Philippines, Singapore, and India. In countries like India, where so many languages are spoken, you can see how using English as an official language makes it easier for people to communicate.The third reason to support the global argument is that every year about 1 billion people study English. Why? What are some of the reasons? Hiroshi? How about you?STUDENT 1: Well, now to study, and someday I want to be in international business.TEACHER: That's a solid reason. How about you, Oksana?STUDENT 3: I'm not really sure. I just think it will help me in the future somehow.TEACHER: OK. There's a more general reason. The point is, people want and need to learn English because it offers them opportunities.To sum up, English is used every day by many people. People all over the world come in contact with each other for many reasons. They need a common language, a language to facilitate communication. Being proficientin English gives someone an advantage in these situations.OK. I have given you many examples of how English is used in a variety of situations.Nevertheless, does this mean that English is a global language?Let's look at why some people don't believe English has replaced other languages. First, there are about three times as many people who speak Chinese as their first language as those who speak English as a first language. And in many countries where some people use English for work each day, they don't use English anywhere else. Even in English-speaking countries, there are millions of people who prefer to speak a language other than English at home, with friends, or at work.Second, I mentioned before that seventy-five countries have English as their official language. This doesn't mean all, or even most of the people in these countries can speak English. For example, in India, most sources agree that only about 5 percent of the population speaks English. That's a small percentage!Third, how much English does a person need to know to be called an English speaker? People may learn some English for specific situations, such as the taxi driver I mentioned earlier. However, I think you would all agree with me that a taxi driver who knows a few phrases like where are you going?" or "What is the name of your hotel?" isn't really a proficient English speaker. Another example is Airspeak, the English that is used by air traffic controllers and pilots. A pilot for Japan Airlines or an air traffic controller in Paris needs to know Airspeak. But they may learn only the English words they need for these jobs, and therefore they can't be considered English speakers.The point here is that people all over the world may use some English for work or other situations. Nevertheless, this doesn't mean they are fluent in English. They still use their first language for daily communication. English is not their main language.So, what does this all mean? I think it's safe to say that English will continue to be the main language used in many international settings because, as I said earlier, people all over the world need a common language. And, for now, English is that language.But, English won't replace other languages for most daily communication and this, to me, is what a global language really is, one that replaces others for most everyday communication. Some people are afraid of this. They worry that as people use English more and more, their ability in their first language will decline. I think people will use English along with other languages. We are moving into a global culture, and as this continues, I think people from non-English speaking countries will want to maintain their culture, including their first language. They may still want to learn English, but I don't see them giving up their own language for English. What do you think?I'm going to stop there. I know that's a lot of information to digest. We'll continue talking about some of the differences in the English words used in various countries like Australia, Singapore, and the Philippines. That's all for today. Come see me if you have any questions.Unit 3 High Anxiety: PhobiasTEACHER: Good afternoon. Today we're going to turn to a new topic in psychology and start looking at some specific psychological problems. There are a variety of mental problems that can affect us in our daily lives-some are not so serious, like a fear of cats or of insects, and others are more serious. Now as psychologists, we try to study these different problems and find ways to help people.I want to start the discussion by talking about a fairly common kind of psychological problem-a phobia, that's P-H-O-B-I-A. First, I'll explain what a phobia is and then I'll talk about some theories on why people have phobias. As you probably know, a phobia is a fear. So do any of you have phobias? Oh, come on, you can tell me; I'm a psychologist. Yes, Monica?STUDENT 1: I have a fear of swimming. I don't like to go near the ocean. TEACHER: OK, that's not an unusual phobia. Anyone else? Ali? STUDENT 2: I hate dogs. I mean, I just don't like them. When I see a big dog, actually any dog, I just get nervous, so I avoid them.TEACHER: OK, that's another common phobia. Thanks for sharing those examples of phobias. A phobia is not a normal fear; it is an extreme fear―a very strong fear. For example, my brother, who's a successful artist, had compute r phobia. He didn't simply dislike using computers. He used to have a very strong fear of using them.Psychologists have come up with three characteristics of a phobia. People display these three characteristics if they have a phobia, not just a normal fear. Now first, a phobia is not a rational response. It's a very strong reaction, too strong for the situation. For my brother, this meant he had a very strong physical reaction if someone asked him to use a computer. He started shaking violently and had trouble breathing. Once, he even started choking. Physical reactions like this are common. Second, a phobia often lasts for a long time, for months or even years. In my brother’s case, it lasted several years. Third, the reaction is too strong for a person to control. For example, even if my brother told himself not to be afraid at the computer, it didn't help. He still felt very afraid. Usually, people avoid whatever it is they are so afraid of. So, in my brother’s case, he avoided using a computer.OK, so those are the three characteristics of phobias. It's an extreme, irrationalresponse, it's long-lasting, and it’s uncontrollable.STUDENT 3: So uncontrollable means even if you try to control it, you can't? TEACHER: Yes, it means you can't control it by trying to deny you feel the phobia. There are ways to treat phobias, and we'll talk about those in a minute. Yes?STUDENT 4: What happened to your brother? Did he get over it? TEACHER: Yes, he did. The main thing was that he decided that he wanted to get over it, and he was treated by a psychologist. Now he uses computers all the time.OK, so let's spend a minute going over some classifications of phobias. Phobias are classified by the thing or situation that the person fears. Greek or Latin names are usually used to describe the fear. Here's an example:hypno,H-Y-P-N-O, means sleep, so fear of sleep is hypnophobia.Cyno, C-Y-N-O, means dog. So a fear of dogs is ... cynophobia, right? Here's another example. Aerophobia. Listen to the first part, Aero. What's the fear? Aero as in airplane- aerophobia is fear of flying.Let's turn now to the causes of phobias. One theory is that a phobia is learned. This means something happens that causes someone, or in a sense "teaches someone" to free afraid. For example, Ali could have learned to be afraid of dogs if he was attacked and injured by one as a child.People can also learn to have phobias by watching how other people react. In fact, doctors find that phobias tend to run in families. For example, let's imagine that Ali’s mother has always been afraid of dogs. Whenever All and his mother were together and saw a dog, his mother would get very scared, very nervous. When Ali saw how his mother reacted, he would then gradually become very scared, too. He would then have developed cynophobia from watching his mother. So, you can see that there are two ways learning can be involved in phobias. So, the first theory is that a phobia is learned. Learned either by direct experience or by watching the reactions of others.The second theory says that a phobia is only a sign of a deeper problem. This means that the phobia isn't the whole problem. Let's take another example. I once treated a teenager who was very afraid of the dark. He couldn't be in a dark room by himself. He was terrified to go outside at night, and so on. According to this theory, when he acted afraid of the dark, he was really showing his fear of something else. In therapy, it was revealed that he was afraid of his father. His father was very strict when he was young, and once his father made him sit in a dark the room when he did something bad.According to this theory, his fear of the dark was a sign of his deeper, real fear of his father. Yes, question.STUDENT 4: So what did you do? Did he have to talk with his father? TEACHER: Well, no, we couldn't do that. But recognizing that he was really afraid of his father, and not the dark was the key step in the treatment. Nowhe's cured. No more fear of the dark.OK, so let's think about these two theories, and about the main difference between them. The first theory says that the phobia is the problem itself. Right? And, the second theory says that the phobia is a sign of a deeper problem the person has. Why is this difference important? It's mostly important in deciding how to treat the person. According to the first theory, if a phobia is learned, perhaps it can be unlearned. A psychologist who follows this theory will tryto teach someone to react differently, to behave differently when he or she feels afraid. Changing the person’s be havior is the goal. On the other hand, a psychologist who believes the second theory may start by trying to teach the person to react differently, but the doctor is interested in more than that. The doctor’s objective, or goal, is to help the patient reveal the deeper psychological problem, because it will be easier to treat the phobia if the deeper problem is identified and worked on as well.I want you to think for a minute about the significance of having these two theories, or any competing theories. What does it mean? It tells us that psychologists, like any scientists, have to continue to do research, to learn, and to test treatments we believe will be effective based on research. Treatments improve the more we learn.I’m going to stop there for toda y. In the next class, I want to talk about other psychological problems. Read the next unit in your book before the next class. That’s all for today.Unit 4 TV: What We WatchTEACHER: Good morning. Who watched TV last night? Ah, most of you. OK, today we are going to talk about an important part of the media—TV. Specifically, TV viewing and TV dramas. Now first, I'll give you some background, then we'll discuss what makes this type of programming, dramas, so popular worldwide.OK. Let's get started. Most of you would agree that watching TV is part of most people lives. Now statistics vary on how much TV people watch, but research shows that quite a few Americans, on average,exceed six hours of TV per day.An English professor named Cecelia Tichi has studied TV for many years. In her book, Electronic Hearth: Creating ' an American Television Culture, she discusses how the TV has become the center of activity at home. We walk into a room, turn on the TV, and suddenly the outside world becomes less important. People use TV to tune out, or forget, about the outside world. We're safe to relax and join the world of the TV shows. Do you ever feel this way about TV? ... Yes, many of you are nodding. She also sees our culture as being defined by TV Now, by this she e means that TV has a huge influence on our attitudes, on what we like to eat, on what we like to wear, on what we like to talk about. For example, popular TV shows are discussed at work, at school, in coffee shops. Why, even children four or five years old do this with their favorite shows. This shows that we live in a TV culture.Improved technology has contributed further to our TV culture. Satellite services, in particular, have expanded the TV programming in many parts of the world. There are now hundreds of TV channels people can watch, and the options continue to expand: game shows, sports, news, talk shows, comedies, TV dramas, movies, ... Man, with cable and satellite there are a lot of choices. Nielsen Media Research studies people’s TV viewing habits in the U.S. They monitor which shows are popular brand with whom. For example, popular shows have included the game show Who Wants To Be A Millionaire? And the reality TV show Survivor. They were very, very popular and watched by millions of people of all age groups.Now, all of this is really background. What I want to focus on today is one form of a popular TV show that is popular with many people of many agegroups. This is rat TV dramas, specifically TV dramas known as soap operas, or, in Spanish, telenovelas.Some of you might be familiar with telenovelas. Telenovelas and soap operas in the U.S. are similar but have one big difference—the number of episodes they have. Telenovelas and TV serials end after about 200 episodes. The story eventually ends. Soap operas in the U.S., however, continue day after day for many years and may never end. Well, for example. The Guiding Light has been on^ for more than 12,000 episodes, and on it goes. Can you believe that? More than 12,000 episodes! Soap operas started in the United States in 1959, with the show The Guiding Light. These TV shows were called soap operas because the main advertisers were companies that made soap.Now, this type of programming is popular all over the world. Dozens of countries make their own soap opera shows. Mexican soap operas have been voted the most popular TV show of the year in countries such as Korea and Russia. Japanese soap operas are sent to Belgium. U.S. soap operas are watched worldwide. The Latin American soap opera, Betty La Fea, or Betty The Ugly, was a huge success in the U.S. Brazilian telenovelas are the most widely distributed television shows in the world and have been seen in more than 100 countries. And there are many other examples.What is it about these shows that makes them popular everywhere? And why do people from very different cultures all enjoy watching the same soap opera? Well, there are a couple of reasons.One reason suggested by Robert C. Allen, who has done extensive researchon television viewing, is that many soap operas deal with universal themes that people all over the world understand. Themes are topics ---for example, family, love, personal struggle, money problems, marriage problems, health problems, job problems. Viewers do not need to know the culture in order to understand the family problems in the show.Now according to Irna Phillips, one of the creators of The Guiding Light, another reason is that people identify with the characters. They feel the characters are just like them. To quote her from an interview, "they (the soap operas) deal with life as we know it." Now by this she means the families in soap operas deal with problems of everyday life. And so, as people watch every day, day after day, a special bond or feeling develops between them and the TV family. They get to know the characters and their problems. The TV family's welfare becomes important. There is a sense of community, of sharing, of family. All of these things contribute to character loyalty. If any ofyou have watched a show regularly, you know what I mean. You watch it because you identify with the characters.Now, writers of TV shows understand that TV viewers want to have a groupof characters to know and care about. As Wendy Riche, former executive producer of General Hospital put it, "the audience wants a personal human con nection and when they get it, they are devoted.” This means they become very loyal to the TV characters they watch every day. To give an interesting example from As the World Turns: Some years back, the writer wanted to have the main character, Bob Hughes, get shot on a Friday. Well, that Friday turned out to be Christmas Eve. The producers of the show told the writers. “No, no, no… he can’t be shot on this Friday’s show. Do you know why? STUDENT 1: Because it was too violent.TEACHER:Well, no, not because it was too violent, but they didn’t wanthim shot on the Friday before Christmas.STUDENT 1: Why? I mean, why not?TEACHER: Because the audience would worry all weekend about him. They wouldn’t know if he was alive or dead, and they would not enjoy Christmas. So the writers had to change the story, and have him shot after Christmas. I mean, the viewers really identify with these characters as if they’re real people. Writers for evening TV also try to create character loyalty, but not with a continuing story. Instead, each week, the story begins and ends. However, each week the same characters appear, and viewers watch because they know the characters and they care about them, like friends. A great example of this was the show Seinfield. There were four main characters Jerry, George, Kramer, and Elaine. They each had their own problems their own personalities. Viewers got to know them, and wanted to see what would happen to them. When you think about it, don’t good writers usually do this? They developour interest in the characters so that we want to keep reading, or keep watching TV.The next time you watch a soap opera, thin about the themes that make these shows so popular worldwide. Think about how as people watch each day, they get to know the characters and become a part of that TVB community. OK, that’s all for today. Uh, it’s time for you to go home and watch some TV!。
全新版大学英语(第二版)听说教程2听力原文
[al: 全新版大学英语（第二版）听说教程2]Unit 1 SportsPart A]Listening StrategyIdentifying NumbersNumbers appear very often in every kind of listening material. The ability to catch the exact numbers spoken in English is an important but difficult skill for a Chinese learner. A good way is to practice over and over again the pronunciation of the numbers, particularly the different ways to say thirteen and thirty, fourteen and forty, etc. It also helps to practice writing down the numbers you hear quickly in numerical forms, without translating them into Chinese. You're going to hear a passage about Michael Jordan, a retired American professional basketball player. Listen carefully and fill in the blanks with the missing numbers.Michael Jordan is the greatest basketball player of all time. He was born on Feb.17, 1963, in Brooklyn, New York. He is 1.98 meters tall and weighs 216 pounds. Jordan joined the Chicago Bulls team for the 1984 season. In the 1986 season he shot 3041 points, the third highest score ever. He was named NBA Slam Dunk Champion（扣篮冠军）in 1987 and won the Most Valuable Player Award in 1988, an honor repeated four times in the next ten years to 1998. Jordan guided his team to win six NBA championships during the 1990s, scoring 45 points during the sixth and last game of the 1998 NBA finals. In 1999, he was named the greatest North American athlete of the 20th century. Jordan left the NBA at the beginning of the 1993-1994 NBA season to pursue a career in baseball. Since his baseball game wasn't quite as good as his basketball games, he finally gave it up to rejoin the Bulls in 1995. Yet, after playing for five more years, he once again announced his retirement in 1999. But he returned for two more NBA games in 2001 as a member of the Washington Wizards.[ti:Unit 1 Part B] Listening Tasks A Conversation Why Don't You Join Me at the Gym Sometime?Exercise 1Listen to the conversation and choose the right answers to the questions you hear. Peter: Hi Laura. Where are you heading with that big bag?Laura: Hi, Peter. I'm off to the gym. I've got to stay in shape, you know. I try to go three times a week, but I'm busy so I can't always make it.Peter: I know more women who work out than men. What's the main reason you work out? For your health, or to look good?Laura: To be honest, for both. With women, good looks are always a very important consideration. Peter: If they were honest, most men who work out would admit that they also do it to look better, and not merely for health reasons.Laura: How about you? Do you get any regular exercise?Peter: I do a lot of walking, for exercise and enjoyment sometimes ten to twenty kilometers at a time but I never go to the gym like you do.Laura: Well, walking is good exercise. How about sports?Peter: Not since my school days. I used to love playing baseball, but it'simpossible to get enough people together for a game now. Mostly I just watch sports on TV.Laura: I play tennis fairly regularly with my friends, and sometimes go swimming and cycling by myself.Peter: Oh, I forgot about that. I go cycling sometimes too. And I often go swimming on vacation, but only recreational swimming.Laura: Why don't you join me at the gym sometime? I can get you a guest pass. Peter: Well, maybe someday, but I'm pretty lazy about things like that. Questions1.What do you know about Peter?2.Where might the two speakers be having this conversation? Speaking TasksPair WorkListen to the following conversations and repeat after the recording. Then role-play them with your partner.Conversation 1A: What's your plan for this evening?B: Well, there's a good game at the stadium but I haven't got a ticket yet.A: I'm going to the gym. Would you like to come along? I can get a guest pass for you.B: That's wonderful. I'd always wanted to work out in the new gym. Thank you very much. Conversation 2A: Hi, Xiao Wang. Fancy meeting you here! How are you doing?B: Can't complain. I'm busy with my experiments in the lab. But after work I often play some sports．A: Like what?B: Like swimming, running and sometimes tennis.A: Tennis? That's my favorite game. Say, what're you doing this weekend?B: Nothing particular. I guess I'll probably just work in the lab.A: Come on. You need to relax. What about a game of tennis?B: OK.Conversation 3A: Are you doing anything special tomorrow, Bob?B: Not really. Why do you ask?A: Some of us are going motorcycling. Would you like to join us?B: Motorcycling? I've never done that. Isn't it a bit dangerous?A: Maybe, but it's really exciting.B: I enjoy jogging. It's more relaxing.A: That's a good form of exercise. It can help you stay in shape.B: Yes, it's also safer.Now make similar conversations according to the given situations. Use the structures and expressions above in your conversations where appropriate[ti:Unit 1 Part C]Test Your ListeningYou're going to hear five short conversations. Listen carefully and choose the rightanswers to the questions you hear.1.W: I like playing basketball, volleyball and table tennis. What about you?M: Well, tennis is my favorite sport.Q: What sport does the man like?2.W: You don't like boxing very much, do you?M: It's far from being my kind of sport.Q: What does the man mean?3.W: I think yesterday's football game was quite exciting.What about you, John?M: You said it. But it was a bit long.Q: What does the man think about the football game?4.W: Do you like to play chess?M: I like the game, but I don't play it often enough. I'm afraid I'm not a very good chess player.Q: What does the man mean?5.M: I knew the names of all the football players and the dates of all the games in my high school days. But recently I have failed to keep up with football.W: Now you are busy with your golf games.Q: What do you know about the man from the conversation?Unit 2 Food and DrinksPart AListening StrategyListening "Between the Lines"People do not always say directly what they mean. Very often, we have to listen "between the lines". The English language offers many ways for people to imply, rather than directly state, their meaning. To find out what a speaker really means, we can rely on such things as the context, the meaning of an idiom, and the intonation used. For example, if someone says "I have an essay to write" in answerto an invitation to go somewhere, we can infer from the context that he cannot accept the invitation. And if someone says "Andrew passed with flying colors" in reply to an inquiry about how Andrew did on a test, we can infer from the meaning of the idiom "to pass with flying colors" that Andrew did very well on the test. Often, intonation also helps to reveal the real meaning of a message. For example, "He is very clever" said with an ironic tone means just the opposite. You are going to hear eight short conversations between two speakers.Listen carefully and write down "Yes" or "No" to each of the following questions. 1.M: Have you ever been to that big restaurant opposite the school gate?W: Yes, many times.Whenever my friends come to visit me, I'll take them there to eat.2.W: Is there something wrong, sir?M: My wife and I have been kept waiting for nearly an hour for our meal.3.W: Where is the cake I made this morning?M: We ate it, mom. Can you make another one for us?4.W: I hear you like chicken very much.M: Next to beef.5.M: Have you tried this wine before?W: No, never. It's my first time, but it's really to my taste.6.W: John, do you want a soda?M: Soda? I think it tastes like medicine.7.W: Why, the fish is left almost untouched.M: Well, it would be good if it were less salty.8.M: Hi, Sue, would you like to eat out tonight?W: Oh, I'd really like to, but my sister may come to visit me this evening..[ti:Unit 2 Part B]Listening TasksA ConversationWhat About Dining Out?Exercise 1Listen to the conversation and complete the following sentences.Peter: Hi, Kate.Kate: Hi, Peter. How have you been?Peter: Oh, OK, I guess. And you?Kate: Not too bad. We haven't seen each other for a while, have we?Peter: No, we haven't. So that makes me ask. Do you have any plan for this Saturday? Kate: No, not yet, I don't think so. Why?Peter: What do you think about getting together and going out to dinner this weekend?Kate: That would be great. Do you have any particular place in mind?Peter: Well, I think I'd like to eat something that's not too heavy. I've been eating a little too much lately.Kate: Me too.Peter: I love Italian food, but maybe we should skip that this time. They always seem to serve so much food in Italian restaurants, and you end up eating more than you wanted to.Kate: Chinese food would be good.Peter: Yes, or maybe some Japanese sushi. That style uses a lot of natural flavors, and not much oil or cream or heavy sauces.Kate: Yes, either of those choices would be good. Let's just meet on Saturday night, and decide then where to eat.Peter: That's fine by me. Speaking TasksPair WorkListen to the following conversations and repeat after the recording. Then role-play them with your partner.Conversation 1(At the school canteen)A: What a crowd!B: This is the worst time. The morning classes are just over. Everybody is hungry and rushes here to have lunch.A: That's true. I'm starving and I can't wait. I'd rather not stand in a long line. B: Why don't we have some fried noodles?A: Noodles are sold at No. 2 Box. No queue there, you see.B: That's great.(At No. 2 Box)Counter hand: What can I get you?A: One plate of fried noodles, please.B: Make it two.Counter hand: OK. Two plates of fried noodles. Anything else?A: How much is the tomato soup?Counter hand: It's free. It goes with the noodles.A: I see. (to B) Do you want any soup?B: Yes.A: (to counter hand) Two bowls of soup, please.Conversation 2(At a fast food restaurant)Counter hand: What can I do for you?Customer: I'll have one order of chicken nuggets and a chicken sandwich.Counter hand: Anything to drink?Customer: A small Sprite. No ice, please.Counter hand: Okay. For here or to go?Customer: For here.Conversation 3(At a Chinese restaurant)Waiter: Are you ready to order?A: Do you have any recommendations?Waiter: Yes. The Sichuan style crispy whole fish is very good.It's today's special.A: Mary, would you like to try that? I hear it's very good.B: Why not? And I'd like shrimp in black bean sauce, too. It's my favorite.Waiter: Okay. Anything else?A: What about some vegetables, Mary?B: Yes. How about spinach?A: Spinach is fine with me.Waiter: Anything to drink?A: Yes. I'd like one Bud Light, please. What'll you have, Mary?B: Orange juice, please.Waiter: One Bud Light and one orange juice. Is that right?A: Right.Now make similar conversations according to the given situations. Use the structures and expressions above in your conversations where appropriate[ti:Unit 2 Part C]Test Your ListeningListen to the conversation and choose the right answers to the questions you hear.A: Well, here we are, not too crowded.B: Great! Let's order quickly so we can chat a little.A: OK. What are you in the mood for?B: Something light. I had a huge breakfast and I'm still full.A: There are three salads. Or you could have soup and a sandwich.B: What are you having? A hamburger, I suppose.A: No, actually I ate out last night. We had pizza at Pizza Hut, then a late snack at Kentucky Fried Chicken.B: Oh, dear. Well, maybe you should have a salad.A: Yes, I think so. Look, the daily special is spaghetti. That sounds good.B: Oh, the prices are great too. I'll have that as well.A: Now let's decide on drinks.B: I'll just have coffee and a glass of iced water.A: Italian food needs red wine, you know.B: But we have to go back to work.A: OK, a Coke for me then.B: Here comes the waitress. Let me order first.Questions1.What is the relationship between the two speakers?2.Where does the conversation take place?3.What will they order?Unit 3 WeatherPart AListening StrategyListening for Important DetailsBesides understanding the main idea of a listening text, we often find it necessary to grasp the important details as well. What counts as important details depends on the kind of information we want. Generally speaking, if we are listening to the narration of an event, we need to sharpen our ears not only for what happened, but also when and where, how and why it happened. In listening to a weather report, on the other hand, the important details we should watch out for are the current weather conditions, temperature, and weather outlook. You're going to hear two short passages about weather. While listening, pay attention to such details as the weather conditions, temperature, weather outlook, damage caused by bad weather and so on, and write them down in note form.Then complete the exercises in your book.1.The weather today: a fine day is in store nearly everywhere, with the best of the sunshine in southern and central areas of Britain. A pleasant day, then, with long sunny periods developing. There will be light winds with a maximum temperature of 18 degrees Celsius, 64 degrees Fahrenheit. Look at the outlook for the next few days:it will become mostly cloudy with heavy showers moving in from the west.2.A storm in Changchun, capital of Northeast China's Jilin Province, claimed four lives on Sunday. The storm lasted about three hours from around 8 p.m. The winds reached speeds of over a hundred miles an hour, causing serious damage and awidespread power failure.[ti:Unit 3 Part B]Listening TasksA ConversationDid You Hear the Forecast?Exercise 1Listen to the conversation and choose the right answers to the questions you hear. Alan: Oh, look at the sky, Michelle! It's starting to get cloudy.Michelle: I see it. I hope it doesn't rain. I thought it was going to be a fine day today.Alan: That's certainly what the department was hoping for when they chose today as the date for the annual picnic.Michelle: You can't have a picnic without good weather. You need sunshine for all the eating and games and entertainment.Alan: Yeah, sunshine —but not too much! Do you remember last year?Michelle: I sure do. It was so hot all we did was look for shade, look for ways to escape from the sun.Alan: And no one wanted to participate in any of the planned activities. All we wanted was cold drinks. And then we dozed off.Michelle: If there had just been the tiniest breeze to cool us off.Alan: But there wasn't. Just that burning sun, without a cloud in the sky, and the temperature just seemed to climb higher and higher.Michelle: Well, we don't have that problem this year, apparently. Alan, did you hear the weather forecast? Is it supposed to rain?Alan: I don't know. I didn't catch the weather report. But maybe if it rains, itwill only be a short shower which cools things off a little. That might not be bad. Questions1.What are Alan and Michelle mainly doing?2.What do you know about Alan?3.What can you infer from the conversation?Speaking TasksListen to the following conversations and repeat after the recording. Then role-play them with your partner.Conversation 1A: What lovely weather we're having! Nice and cool.B: Yeah, I really like this kind of weather.A: What's the temperature today ？B: The high is 26 and the low is 20. The weather forecast says the good weather is likely to last, too.A: I hope so. Conversation 2A: It seems to be clearing up. All the dark clouds are gone and the sun is coming out.B: Yes. Let's just hope it stays this way. I hate rainy days.A: I think it will continue to be fine for the next few days. Anyhow, that's whatthe weatherman says.B: That's great. Let's go for a walk, shall we ？A: All right.Conversation 3A: It's hot and humid, isn't it? I can hardly breathe.B: Yeah. I feel suffocating too.A: Are summers always this hot here? It's almost like in the desert.B: Yes, especially in July and August.A: Well, what did the weatherman say?B: He said another heat wave is on the way.A: Oh no! I hope not.B: How about going out to the beach to cool off ？A: Good idea. Maybe it's the only place for this sort of weather.Now make similar conversations according to the given situations. Use the structures and expressions above in your conversations where appropriate..[ti:Unit 3 Part CTest Your ListeningYou're going to hear five short conversations. Listen carefully and choose the right answers to the questions you hear.1.W: It's been freezing for the last few days.M: Yes. And the forecast says there will be more snow next week, accompanied by strong winds.Q: What will the weather be like next week?2.M: We haven't had such a severe winter for a long time, have we?W: No, and the forecast says it's going to get worse before it warms up.Q: What can we learn from the conversation?3.W: What if it rains hard? What are we going to do?M: I think it will clear up soon. But if it keeps raining, the whole thing will have to be cancelled.Q: What can we learn from the conversation?4.M: How was the weather when you left New York?W: It was very much like the weather in Beijing. You don't have to take a lot of clothes.Q: What can we learn from the conversation?5.W: If it is this hot tomorrow, we may have to give up the idea of playing tennis in the afternoon.M: The weather forecast says it will cloud over by noon.Q: What does the man mean?Unit 4 MusicPart AListening StrategyListening for Signal WordsThe ability to identify signal words can help us follow the thread of the speaker'sthought. People often use signal words or phrases like "but", "therefore" and "as a result" to add a comment that contrasts with what has just been said or to signal what they are about to say is the result or cause of their previous remarks. Similarly, words and phrases like "for example", "most importantly", "first", "second", "finally" and "then" usually signal that the speaker is going to provide an illustration or emphasize a certain point or discuss several aspects of a certain topic. So we should pay attention to signal words in listening as they will prepare us for what is going to be said. You're going to hear four short passages.Listen carefully and write down the signal word(s) in each passage. Then choose a, b, c or d to indicate the function of the signal word(s) used in each of the passages.1.Most people like music. In fact, we are surrounded by it. It's on the radio and television and can be heard in stores and restaurants. However, not everyone likes the same kind of music.2.The manager of the music shop was called Brian Epstein. Because so many people had asked for a record by the Sun, Epstein decided to go and listen to the group himself.3.Firstly I would like to talk about classical music and its representative composers, then I will move on to jazz music, and finally I will focus on pop music in the last century.4.We listen to exciting music and our hearts beat faster, our blood pressure rises, and our blood flows more quickly. In short, we're stimulated.[ti:Unit 4 Part B] Listening Tasks A PassageBackground MusicExercise 1Listen to the passage. As you listen, read the signal words in your book and put a tick () in the brackets after the ones you have heard.Background music may seem harmless, but it can have a powerful effect on those who hear it. Recorded background music first found its way into factories, shops and restaurants in the USA. Very soon it spread to other parts of the world. Now it is becoming difficult to go shopping or eat a meal without listening to music. To begin with, background music was intended simply to create a soothing atmosphere. Recently, however, it's becoming a big business. An American marketing expert has shown that music can boost sales or increase factory production by as much as a third. But it has to be the light music. Lively music has no effect at all on sales. Slow music can increase receipts by 34%. This is probably because shoppers slow down and have more opportunity to spot items they would like to buy. Yet, slow musicisn't always the answer. The expert found that in restaurants slow music meant customers took longer to eat their meals, which reduced overall sales. So restaurant owners might be well advised to play faster music to keep the customers moving —unless, of course,the resulting indigestion leads to complaints. Questions1. Where was recorded background music first used?2. What was the original purpose of background music?3.What kind of music can have a powerful effect on customers in shops?4.Why doesn't the same kind of music work in restaurants according to the passage? Speaking Tasks Pair WorkListen to the following conversations and repeat after the recording. Then role-play them with your partner.Conversation 1A: Do you like English songs?B: I'm crazy about them.A: What's your favorite song?B: It's hard to say. There are so many beautiful songs.A: Who's your favorite singer then?B: Sarah Brightman, undoubtedly. I do admire her, you know. I love all her songs. A: I like her, too, but not that much.Conversation 2A: Do you care for opera?B: Yes, I do, very much.A: Which do you like better, opera or musical?B: Opera.A: Do you just listen to it or go to performances?B: I prefer going to a performance. It has everything, color and spectacle and great music. A: Why don't we go and see Aida together? It's being performed at the Grand Theater. B: I've seen it already. It's excellent.A: Oh, lucky you! Conversation 3 A: Do you enjoy listening to music?B: Yes, very much. I enjoy listening to music more than any other pastime.A: What's your favorite music?B: It depends. When I am in a good mood, I'd prefer something exciting, with a fast rhythm. But if I feel low, I can only listen to something soft and quiet.A: Mm, me too.Now make similar conversations. Use the structures and expressions above where appropriate. Your conversations should include the following points.[ti:Unit 4 Part C] Test Your Listening Listen to the passage three times and supply the missing information.Celine Dion is the youngest of 14 children in a working-class family in Quebec, Canada. Her parents, who both loved music, encouraged her to develop her musical talent. At 12, Celine had composed the song "It Was Only a Dream". Her mother and brother helped her to make a recording of that song and sent it off to an address they found on an album of a popular French singer. The address was that of Rene Angelil, who became her first conquest, but there would be millions more. Celine's rise from a teenage singer to a pop superstar has been steady, but not without difficulties. Record companies were at first less enthusiastic about investing in a teenager than Angelil, who mortgaged his own home to pay for her first album. But her first two albums won a great success. And by 1983 she became the first Canadian ever to have a gold record in France. In 1990, Celine made her first English language record with Unison but her real breakthrough in America came when she was selected by Disney to sing the theme song of Beauty and the Beast. The song went toNo.1 on the chart and won both a Grammy and an Academy award. In 1996 she performed at the opening ceremony of the 1996 Atlanta Olympic Games and in 1997 she recorded the theme song for Titanic, and her name became synonymous with the enormously successful film. Celine Dion's favorite theme is love. She sings the depth and the power of love in a great many of her hits such as "Love Can Move Mountains", "Because You Loved Me", "The Power of Love" and, of course, the theme song of Titanic, "My Heart Will Go On".Unit 5 Health Part A Listening StrategyIdentifying the Relationship Between the Speakers in a Conversation Identifying the relationship between the speakers in a conversation is an important skill in listening comprehension. Although sometimes the conversationitself does not contain words that say exactly what the relationship is, we can rely on contextual clues to find it out. Such clues include the degree of intimacy (e.g., how intimately the speakers address each other, what endearments are used), the degree of politeness (strangers tend to be more polite towards each other than friends or family members), and the particular situation (at a doctor's consulting room, at a shop, etc.).Listen to the following conversations and choose the right answers to the questions that follow the conversations.1.M: What's the trouble?W: I feel dizzy and my whole body aches.M: How long have you been sick?W: Two or three days now.M: How's your appetite?W: I've got no appetite. The sight of food simply turns my stomach. What's wrong with me?M: You seem to be generally run-down.Q: What is the mnost probable relationship between the two speakers?2.W: What's the matter, Jack? You look pale.M: Oh, I feel terrible.W: Why? What's the matter?M: I have a splitting headache and a sore throat.W: Why didn't you tell me?M: I thought they might go away, but I feel worse this morning. I'm aching all over. W: Hmm. You feel warm, too. You must have got a fever. There's a pretty bad flu going around, you know.Q: What's the most probable relationship between the two speakers? [ti:Unit 5 Part B]Listening TasksA ConversationGoing to See the DoctorExercise 1Listen to the conversation and choose the right answers to complete the statements. D: So what's your trouble?P: Well, doctor, I haven't been feeling well lately. My biggest problem is that I'm having trouble sleeping.D: Have you tried any of the sleeping medications available?P: I've tried one or two, but they don't seem to help.D: How long have you had this problem?P: Three or four months —it's been rather a long time now.D: Are you suffering from an unusual level of stress in your life lately?P: Not more than usual. My biggest worry is the fact I can't sleep.D: Well, some people don't need as much sleep as others.P: But I feel tired all day, so it is a problem for me.D: Have you been experiencing any other symptoms?P: I've also had a lot of indigestion lately.D: Well, you are a little overweight, aren't you?P: Yes. And I've gained about seven kilograms this past year.D: You really should try to lose at least that extra weight. Do you get much exercise? P: No, not very much.D: Physical activity is very important.P: So what do you recommend, doctor?D: I will give you some medications for your insomnia and your indigestion. But I also recommend that you begin a regular exercise program.P: But I have neither the time nor the money to go to a gym.D: You don't need to go to a gym. A simple walking program would be very beneficial for you.I think you'll find that diet and exercise will be very helpful in taking care of your recent complaints.Speaking TasksPair WorkListen to the following conversations and repeat after the recording. Then role-play them with your partner.Conversation 1D: What's wrong with you?P: I have a burning stomachache. And I feel like vomiting, too.D: How long has it been like this?P: Since yesterday.D: What did you eat yesterday? Did you eat seafood?P: Yes. I had some crabs at lunch and then I just felt terrible.D: Yours seems to be a minor case of food poisoning.P: What do you think I should do, doctor?D: I'll give you some medications for your stomachache and indigestion. And don't eat any seafood for the next week or so.P: I won't, doctor. Thank you.Conversation 2D: What seems to be the problem?P: I hurt my left foot yesterday. I missed one step while coming down the stairs.。
英语听力教程(第2册)Unit-3-听力原文
英语听力教程(第2册)Unit-3-听力原文Unit 3 听力原文Part IBSam: I won’t be able to do the exam tomorrow. I just don’t feel that I’m ready.Counselor: You say that you don’t feel ready for tomorrow’s exam ... what do you feel like right now?Sam: Well, I’m angry with myself because I’m going to have to quit the exam and, well, I guess I’m anxious. Yes, I feel very anxious. Counselor: When you think about this anxiety, what image do you have of yourself?Sam: Well, I see myself trying to explain to my Dad why I didn’t make the grade on this course ... and I see him getting angry ... and, well, I start to feel I’ve let him down again. Counselor: You don’t feel ready for your exam, you feel anxious and you don’t want to let your Dad down again. Tell me about the last time you let your Dad down.Sam: Oh, well, it was a year ago ... He’d enteredme for a chess competition and I got knocked out in the first match ... he was angry because he’d told all his friends how good I was. Counselor: What did you tell him ... as an explanation when you lost the chess game? Sam: I told him that I wasn’t ready to play in that league.Counselor: And now you are preparing to tell him that you’re not ready to sit this examination?Sam: Yes, I suppose I am.Counselor: O.K. Sam, so what you are saying to me is that you feel reluctant to take the exam tomorrow because you do not like the thought of having to explain a poor grade or a failure to your father. Is that right, Sam?Sam: Yes. That’s exactly it.C1. A: When I read in English, I always want to understand every single word and so I spend a lot of time looking words up in my dictionary. This makes reading difficult for me because bythe time I’ve looked up the word in my dictionary, I’ve forgotten what the rest of the sentence was about. That’s my trouble really —I rely too much on my dictionary.B: Well, why don’t you try to read a text without using your dictionary the first time you read it? You’ll probably be able to understand most of it and guess what some of the words mean.2. A: I have to read a lot of books and articles in English for my work —I’m a consultant in business management. What I find most difficult is finding the main point in an article or a paragraph. I always try to take notes when I’m reading and so sometimes I find that I’m almost copying out the whole article because I can’t decide what the really important points are.B: It might help if you read through the book or article very quickly first just to get an idea of what it’s about. I think it’s difficult to read something for the first time and take notes as well.3. A: I like reading novels and short stories in my own language and in English, but there’s one thing I find very difficult in English. I’m never quite sure if the writer is being serious or not. Several times I’ve read something I thought was serious and later I’ve found out it was supposed to be funny.B: I have exactly the same problem. I suppose the only thing to do is to read as much as possible. Then one day perhaps we’ll understand the British sense of humor.4. A: I have to read a lot in English in my studies and this is causing me problems. I read too slowly in English. Do you think I can train myself to read quickly and at the same time understand what I’m reading?B: Well, there are special courses in speed reading, I think. But you could probably help yourself if you set yourself a time limit and try to read as much as you can within the time. I’ve done that and it’s helped me a lot.Par tⅡ(Part I)Yes, the teacher I remember best was a teacher I had for French when I was at school ... er ... er ... Many years ago - more years than I care to remember, I’m afraid. Yes, I studied French with him for, um, ooh, let me see, it must have been five years, because I had him when I was in my first year there, when I was thirteen, and he was the main French teacher till I left. It was mainly because of him that I went on to study languages —French and German —at university. I mean, French was really the first language I ever learned. Well, I don’t count Latin, because I never managed to speak any Latin at all. Er, well, this ... this teacher didn’t make it easy ... he didn’t make it easy at all, but I found that with him I really learned a lot. When I think back, I ... don’t really know why I liked him so much, because he was very strict with us. He made us work very hard — I mean, lots of grammar exercises, vocabulary tests, that sort of thing — er, and he wasn’t veryfriendly either, for the first two or three years. Oh, as well as that, he didn’t really try to make the classes interesting — I mean, no ... no video, of course, in those days, no cassettes ... but, er, we had a few films in French every term. No, in fact, the only time we really practiced trying to speak French was, er, was with the wife of one of the music teachers, who was French, er, and she gave us an hour’s conversation class every week. But, you know, because of that man —some people might say in spite of him ... no, that wouldn’t be fair, no —but quite a lot of us began to like France and the French a lot, and, er, to visit France in the summer holidays to see it for ourselves.(Part II)Yes, I think with him I learned that when you learn a foreign language ... it’s, it ... well, it’s like opening a door or a ｗｉｎｄｏｗinto a foreign country. And that’s good for you, I think, because you begin to see that the way they do things and think in your country is, um, isn’tnecessarily the only way or, indeed, the best way.It’s funny, I still have a very clear picture of that teacher. He was English but he didn’t look English somehow, ‘cos he had very, very black hair and very dark eyes, and he wore glasses with black frames, but you could see his eyes very well, and everyone in the class always had the feeling that he was looking at them. And he had very thick, bushy eyebrows that made him look very, er, very serious.Yes, I remember he was very musical —played the piano very well and sang. Now, he was quite a good rugby and tennis player. Great family man, too. He had three children and a very interesting wife. I suppose he must have been in his thirties when I knew him ...PartⅢChildren of a Decadekeep in touch with：保持联系soak：浸泡come to：到达;共计;突然想起put sb. off：使人离开、气馁bring tears to：使落泪emblazon：颂扬，盛饰decade：十年teddy：妇女连衫衬裤chap：小伙子，小家伙，家伙Lake District：湖区porridge：粥;麦片粥;稀饭incident：事件，事变goody-goody：会巴结的人hymn：赞美诗;圣歌homesick：思乡病favorite：中意的worst：最坏的marvelous：非凡的;神乎其神shy：害羞的stupid：笨Presenter: In this edition of our series “Children of a Decade” I’ll be talking to Jack Thompson, who was born in 1940, and to Shirley Sutton, who was born in 1930. First of all, Jack, thanks for joining us. Perhaps ...Jack: Not at all.Presenter: Perhaps you’d tell us about your memories of your first holiday away from home?Jack: Oh ... yes ... um ... at age ten I think it was, yes, I went to stay with an aunt at the seaside. Well, it wasn’t a very happy experience. I felt very homesick at first.Presenter: Mmm. And what about your first day at school, can you remember that?Jack: Yes, I can. Er ... er ... I was five years old and I wanted to take all my toys with me but ... er ... they wouldn’t let me. In the end it was agreed that I could take my teddy ... er ... but only on the first day.Presenter: Oh, I see. Your school days, were they happy ones?Jack: Well ... er ... I didn’t have a very good time at school — I wasn’t very bright, you see. And the teachers didn’t seem to like me, but ... er (I)made a lot of friends and some of them I still keep in touch with. One of them I married. Presenter: Oh, that’s wonderful. Well, did youhave a favorite teacher?Jack: Miss Robinson ... or was it ... no, it was Miss Robson. My first teacher, that’s right yeah ...very kind. Marvelous storyteller. Presenter: And who was your worst teacher? Jack: Mr. Goodman, that’s right. We used to call him “Goody”. Yeah, he pulled your ear if you made a mistake or talked in class. Yeah, my left ear is still bigger, look.Presenter: Ha ha. Perhaps you can tell us about your last day at school?Jack: My last day, oh yeah, that’s emblazoned on my mind. Oh, I wanted to get my own back you see on old Mr. Goodman —the chap we used to call ... er ... “Goody”—so I put this bucket of water over the classroom door but it fell on him and he got soaked, you see. Ha ha. I’ve never seen anyone so angry. Oh, it was a good one, that.Presenter: Thank you very much, Jack. And now Shirley.Shirley: Yes.Presenter: Now, can you tell me about your first holiday away from home?Shirley: Oh yes ... er ... yes ... er ... at the age of eight it was. We went on holiday to the Lake District. We stayed at a little guest house, just me and my parents. Er ... I remember we had ... er ... honey for breakfast with ... er ... the toast and ... oh ... and porridge — I hated it. Presenter: That sounds lovely? Oh, porridge, you hated it?Shirley: Ha ha.Presenter: Well, what about your first day at school?Shirley: Well, I ... I ... I don’t remember any special incidents ... er .... Oh, I was very frightened and shy at first ... er ... I ... I know that, I can remember, but I soon came to enjoy school.Presenter: So your school days, were they happy?Shirley: Oh yes, I loved school! Oh, I was sorry when half-term came and... and when theholidays came. Oh, perhaps this was because I was a bit of a goody-goody.Presenter: And what about your teachers? Did you have a favorite?Shirley: I did, yes. I remember her well, she was called Miss Brown and she was our history teacher. Oh, she really made history come to life, she really did.Presenter: Were there any bad moments? Did you have a worst teacher?Shirley: Aye, I did and I can remember her name too. Her name was Mrs. Sharpe and she taught math. Oh, she had no patience. I wasn’t all that good at math and she always said to me, “You stupid girl!” It put me off math for life. Presenter: Oh, what a shame.Shirley: I know.Presenter: Perhaps you could tell me about your last day at school?Shirley: Oh yes, well, I’m afraid I cried. We sang our favorite hymn at the end of the term and I cried. It brought the tears to my eyes.Presenter: Oh, and it’s bringing a tear to my eye now. Thank you very much.Shirley: Thank you.Presenter: And thank you too, Jack Thompson, thank you very much. Next week we’ll be hearing from two people who were born in 1920 and 1910. So from me, Libby Freeman, good-bye.PartⅣSchool reportschool report：学生成绩报告单safety：安全quality：质量empowered：授权;准许;使能够involvement：投入，介入guarantee：保障superior：（级别、地位）较高的;（在质量等方面）较好的;（数量）较多的;上... concentrate：集中comment：评论intelligent：聪明的;[计]智能的give up on sb：放弃biology：生物学;生物well above：好于guide back：保证geography：地理（学）oral：口头go to pieces：零散average：平均positive：积极come bottom：打底attitude：态度look on the bright side：看好的一面hockey：曲棍球Mrs. Daniels: Oh, hello, you must be Tracey’s parents? Mr. Thompson: Er, yes. Are you her class teacher, Mrs. Daniels?Mrs. Daniels: Yes, that’s right. Now, just let me find my notes. As you know I don’t actually teach Tracey, but I do see her every day before classes begin. Is there anything you want to ask me?Mr. Thompson: Well, yes, to be honest we’re a bit worried about her last report -- she doesn’tseem to be doing as well as she was.Mrs. Daniels: Well now, let’s see. Oh, yes, her math teacher says she’s finding the work more difficult now that they’re getting near to the exams. Mrs. Thompson: I was never any good at math.Mrs. Daniels: And Dr. Baker feels that Tracey isn’t concentrating very hard in biology lessons. Mrs. Thompson: Oh, but she really likes biology and she’s so good at drawing.Mrs. Daniels: Yes, but even in art her teacher thinks she tends to spend too much time talking to her friends. In fact, several of her teachers have told me that she isn’t giving in her homework. Mr. Brock has complained to me that he hasn’t had a single piece of geography homework from her all term.Mr. Thompson: Yes, we don’t know what to do about it. She doesn’t seem to be interested in school any more.Mrs. Daniels: I don’t think we should give up on her. Tracey’s a very intelligent girl. In Englishher marks are well above the average and her teacher says she always has a lot to say in lessons. Mrs. Thompson: Yes, that’s part of Tracey’s trouble. She talks too much.Mrs. Daniels: Well, nevertheless, oral skills are very important and if we can all guide her back to a more positive attitude to school work, she’ll do very well.Mr. Thompson: Well I hope so. I’m very disappointed in her. She was doing so well, especially in English and French, and now everything seems to be going to pieces. She came bottom of the class in French this term.Mrs. Daniels: Well it’s not because she can’t do French — she just prefers to chat in English! At least she’s doing well in sport. She’s in the hockey team and you know we haven’t lost a single match this year!Mr. Thompson: Well, it’s nice to know she does something well.Mrs. Daniels: Oh, come now, Mr. Thompson, let’s look on the bright side.Part V Memory test: Study HabitsMan: Do you find that you get a lot of students asking you for advice about revision techniques? Woman: Well, yes, I mean, they do, but, when they’ve got quite big exams coming up, (yeah), you know I really find it quite a problem because (pause) (laugh) well, I don’t have to revise myself very often these days, and ... but when I ... when I was at university, erm I mean, well, it just seems to be a matter of what suits one person doesn’t suit another. (Oh yeah) I mean, because, well, the girl I shared a house with at university. Now she worked, erm, she used to get up amazingly late, and, er, she didn’t really start work until, er, in the evening I think, an’, then she liked to have rock music on really loud an’she used to, you know, play records really loud right through until sort of very late at night, you know, into the small hours (Oh God!) and I was, sort of, well I was just the opposite and er, well, the only way I could ever get any work done was to make myself wake upincredibly early and well, then work a bit and have some breakfast and, then, well, you know, I’d sort of potter about a bit and then I’d go and do my shopping and things, well that’d be about getting on towards midday, but then in the afternoon I’d have a rest and when I woke up I’d think about eating and I suppose I’d call that my supper, and but, er, I mean she was, I mean, it was her lunch or even her brunch that she was having at that time.Man: Yeah, yeah, I suppose I’m a bit like you really. I like to get up fairly early, say around seven, might have a cup of coffee, and... before I started get myself totally organized so that I knew ... exactly what I was doing, get it all organized, and then work solidly, well maybe do six hours revision without stopping and that was the only way I could do it.Woman: Yes, yes, and would you say to yourself, you know, er, “well, I’m gonna do six hours today and I’m not gonna, go, I’m not gonna have any fun until I’ve done six hours,”?Man: Yeah, it was very much like that, erm, an unpleasant thing that you had to regulate. Woman: Mmm. I mean, well, I just hate revising anyway, I mean, you know I hate that sort of thing, I mean, and in fact, I did very little solid, sensible work, and, er ... what I’d do is, because I was doing literature, I used to re-read the novels, you know, on the course, and I’d have ... erm ... classical music on the radio, because well I used to find that I used to get very bored if there was just nothing, you know nothing at all in the background.Man: Yes, I think of the people who do revise, there are two sorts, there are those who ... work almost by topic, they select a topic, and plough through it regardless, and then, there are, there are those who set themselves a time limit of an amount to be done rather than working through a specific topic regardless of the limit ... of time ... as I say ...。
英语听力教程（第2册）Unit8听力原文
英语听力教程（第2册）Unit8听力原文Unit 8 听力原文Part ICAn easy way to remember how much we need to exercise for fitness is to keep in mind the letters F, I and T:Frequency --- 3 to 5 days a weekIntensity—till your heart rate reaches your target speedTime -15 to 60 minutes each timeThen you may ask how to work out your target heart speed range. Let's do it together.The upper limit of your target heart speed range is 190 minus your age.The lower limit is 160 minus your age.For someone who is 20 years old, for example, his target heart speed range would be between 140 beats per minute (160-20) and 170 beats per minute (19~20).Once you've got your target speed range, you may start checking whether your exercise gives you the fitness effect.First, warm up with five minutes for stretch exercises. Then start your energetic exercise (e.g. jogging). About 10 minutes after starting energetic exercise, stop and check your pulse rate (whichis the same as your heart rate). Finally, count your pulse beats forl5 seconds and multiply by four.Remember to take your pulse rate as soon as you stop. If you wait even 30 seconds, the rate will have begun to slow and will not be accurate.You are getting the fitness effect if your pulse rate is in yourtarget heart speed range.Part II The digestive system and diarrheaAEvery now and again, a stressful situation may arise the course of our school, home or community life. Often, the situation involves disagreements between people.Sometimes, the situation involves work difficulties—not knowing how to solve a problem or having to make a difficult decision. At other times, it involves money—not having enough to spend or disagreement over what to spend on.That is why relationship problems, work-related problems and money problems are three well-known situations that cause stress. So knowing how to handle people, learning how to solve problems or make decisions, and living within our income all help to control stress.Here are four ways to help you control stress from situations.Clue #1: Be kind, loving and polite to your parents, grandparents, brothers and sisters. Make time to talk, play and relax together.Clue #2: Treat others the way you would like them to treat you. Smile, chat, laugh and do things together. Learn to cooperate, share and make sacrifices for others.Clue #3: Do not keep your worries to yourself. Talk them over with someone you respect. Two heads are better than one.Clue #4: Think of the good and bad points of each choice. Be guided by facts and not your feelings. Choose together with the people who will be affected by the results. In this way, they will see how the choice is made and be more willing to bear with the bad points.CThere are many explanations of why people catch colds. Some say colds are caused by the environment. Others say colds can result from smoking too much, lack of exercise, not enough rest, poor diet, or working too hard. But new studies suggest that people who feel extreme tension for a long period of time also may be at a higher risk of developing a cold. The researchers notethat stress is not the cause of all colds. But studies show that people who suffer from the stress caused by serious personal problems are more likely to get sick than those who do not.Researchers have spent years trying to find out why some people have colds more often than others. An earlier study directed in 1991 showed that emotional stress can lead to colds. In current studies, researchers at the University of Pittsburgh studied almost 300 people, ages 18 to 55. They were given physical, social and mental and emotional examinations. Then live cold viruses were placed in their noses. During the next five days, they were examined to find out who became infected by the virus and then developed signs of a Cold. Such signs include coughing, sneezing and a blocked nose. Stress lowers resistance, but just how it does is unknown. So in this study, the researchers look for the kinds of stress involved and how they might have affected resistance to colds. The study found that severe stress lasting a month or more increased the risk of a cold. Two causes of stress—losing a job or having difficulties with family members or friends—increase the risk the most.Part I II “So you wanna keep fit, huh?”Exercise keeps you fit and healthy. Exercises should be done three to five times a week. Exercise for at least 15 to 30 minutes each time. However, a good exercise plan should includewarming-up exercises before and cool-down exercises after vigorous activity. Both of them should last five to ten minutes. These exercises, such as head tilt, arm circles, side bend and toe touch, stretch your muscles and make them move more easily. They prepare you for vigorous activity and help your body slowly return to its normal breathing and heart rate after vigorous activity. Andhere comes Crystal Collins.Hi there! I'm Crystal Collins, and I'm very happy to share some time with you. So, you wanna keep fit, huh? Well, you sure came to the right place! Together we can keep fit and healthy, and be more successful. It's easy. Everybody can do it, you hear?Just remember the five golden rules:Number one. Always wear loose and comfortable clothes when you're exercising. You needto feel comfortable and relaxed.Number two. You should always do some simple warming-up exercises first. T o get your body ready for the real thing.Number three. Never try to do too much exercise too soon. Take it nice and easy now, you hear? There's no rush about this.Number four. Don't forget to relax completely for about five minutes when you've finishedyour-workout. You need to rest a little bit after you've been exercising.And here is golden rule number five. Stop immediately if you feel any pain in your chest, throat, neck or head.Part ⅣMore about the topic: Subhealthstressed out:very tense and anxious because of difficulties in their lives. (INFORMAL) 紧张的,有压力的borderline: the point at which one quality, situation, emotionetc ends and another begins.i.e. She slipped over the borderline into sleep.exposure: when someone is in a situation where they are not protected from something dangerous or unpleasant.exposure toi.e. Prolonged exposure to the sun can cause skin cancer.fatigue: a feeling of extreme physical or mental tiredness. 疲倦,疲乏,疲劳endocrinopathy: [end?ukrai'n?p?θi] n. [医]内分泌病] n. 神经衰弱症neurasthenia: [nju?r?s'θi:ni?climacteric: [klai'm?kt?rik] 更年期insomnia: Someone who suffers from insomnia finds it difficult to sleep.agitation: If someone is in a state of agitation, they are very worried or upset, and show this intheir behavior, movements, or voice.不安，焦虑cardiovascular: [kɑ:di?u'v?skjul?] adj. 心脏血管的palpitations: /p?lp?'tenz/ n [plural] if you have palpitations, your heart beats quickly in an irregular way急速不规则的跳动;心悸]名词‘医’心律不整; 心脏跳动不规则arrhythmia: [?'riθmi?aquatic: living or growing in water, e.g. an aquatic planttrace element: a chemical element such as iron or zinc that occurs in very small amounts in living things and is necessary for normal growth and development. ‘生物’(动植物所不可欠缺的) 微量元素indispensable: essential; too important to be without: Cars have become an indispensable part of our lives.digestive tract: 消化道Feeling stressed out lately? Has the doctor said he cannot find anything wrong with you? Perhaps he sent you to a hospital, but all the fancy equipment there show that there is nothing wrong. Then consider this, you might be in a state of subhealth. Subhealth, also called the thirdstate or gray state, is defined as a borderline state between health and disease. According to an investigation by the National Health Organization, over 45 percent of subhealthy people are middle aged or elderly. The percentage is even higher among people who work in management positions as well as students around exam-time, due to their heightened exposure to stress. Subhealth comes under several clinical names, including fatigue syndrome, endocrinopathy, neurasthenia, and climacteric syndrome. Symptoms include a lack of energy, depression, slow reactions, insomnia, agitation, and poor memory. Other symptoms include shortness of breath, sweating and aching in the waist and legs. In addition, cardiovascular diseases such as palpitations and arrhythmia may appear. The key to preventing and recovering from subhealth, according to some medical experts is to form good living habits, alternate work with rest, exercise regularly,and take part in open air activities. As for meals, people are advised to eat less salt and sugar. They should also eat more fresh vegetables, fruits, fish and aquatic products because they are rich in nutritional elements--vitamins and trace elements--that are indispensable to the body. Nutrition experts point out that it is not good to eat too much at one meal because it may cause unhealthy changes in the digestive tract. They also say that a balanced diet is very helpful in avoiding subhealth.Part V Memory test: How to Keep Your Liver HealthyThe liver does so much for your body that without it, you wouldn’t last longer than 24 hours. Its functions are so vital that if it falls into poor health, the rest of your body falls into poor health.In this video, we’re going to discuss in greater detail how to keep your liver healthy because a happier liver means a happier you. If you like to drink, be sure to do so in moderation. Drink aslittle as possible although one glass of red wine a day is acceptable and can even help your body. However, avoid hard liquors such as scotch, whiskey and vodka, which actually cause the most damage to your liver. Eat liver-healthy foods. Now we will be going to much more detail on healthy liver foods, liver diets and even liver cleanses in later videos, but it’s important that you eat foods rich in antioxidants such as kale, spinach, blueberries, broccoli, cauliflower and cabbage. These foods will help your liver detoxify damaging chemicals that are currently in your body. Drink lots of water. Water is a great natural detoxifier. Water will flush toxins from your body, and give your liver a much needed break. This next suggestion can be tough for many, but by cutting down caffeine-rich stimulants, such as coffee, soda and tea, will also reduce the amount of work your liver has to put into removing toxins in your body as well. Exercise regularly, even if it’s l ightly. Getting out and exercise regularly increases liver activity by causing you to sweat and get your liver to push toxins out as you do. It’s like a jumpstart for your liver. Exercise does much more for you and your body beyond a healthy liver and is always a good idea if you want to stay healthy.。
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to help people.
I want to start the discussion by talking about a fairly common kind of
TEACHER:OK, that's not an unusual phobia. Anyone else? Ali?
STUDENT 2: I hate dogs. I mean, I just don't like them. When I see a big dog,
actually any dog, I just get nervous, so I avoid them.
TEACHER:OK, that's another common phobia. Thanks for sharing those
examples of phobias. A phobia is not a normal fear; it is anextremefear―a
very strong fear. For example, my brother, who's a successful artist, had
Unit 3 High Anxiety: Phobias
TEACHER:Good afternoon. Today we're g to turn to a new topic in
psychologyand start looking at some specific psychological problems. There
strong for the situation. For my brother, this meant he had a very strong
physical reaction if someone asked him to use a computer. He started shaking
violently and had trouble breathing. Once, he even started choking. Physical
reactions like this are common. Second, a phobia often lasts for a long time,
for months or even years. In my brother’s case, it lasted several years. Third,
the reaction is too strong for a person to control. For example, even if my
brother told himself not to be afraid at the computer, it didn't help. He still felt
are a variety of mental problems that can affect us in our daily lives-some are
not so serious, like a fear of cats or of insects, and others are more serious.
response, it's long-lasting, and it’s uncontrollable.
STUDENT 3:So uncontrollable means even if you try to control it, you can't?
TEACHER:Yes, it means you can't control it by trying to deny you feel the
very afraid. Usually, people avoid whatever it is they are so afraid of. So, in
my brother’s case, he avoided using a computer.
OK, so those are the three characteristics of phobias. It's an extreme, irrational
displaythese three characteristics if they have a phobia, not just anormalfear.
Now first, a phobia is not arationalresponse. It's a very strong reaction, too
As you probably know, a phobia is a fear. So do any of you have phobias? Oh,
come on, you can tell me; I'm a psychologist. Yes, Monica?
STUDENT 1:I have a fear of swimming. I don't like to go near the ocean.
psychological problem-a phobia, that's P-H-O-B-I-A. First, I'll explain what a
phobia is and then I'll talk about some theories on why people have phobias.
compute r phobia. He didn't simply dislike using computers. He used to have
a very strong fear of using them.
Psychologists have come up with threecharacteristicsof a phobia. People