专业技术词汇

一、化工管道设计专业词汇
1 管道组成件Piping component
1.1 管子Pipe
管子(按照配管标准规格制造的) pipe
管子(不按配管标准规格制造的其他用管) tube
钢管steel pipe
铸铁管cast iron pipe
衬里管lined pipe
复合管clad pipe
碳钢管carbon steel pipe
合金钢管alloy steel pipe
不锈钢stainless steel pipe
奥氏体不锈钢管austenitic stainless steel pipe
铁合金钢管ferritic alloy steel pipe
轧制钢管wrought-steel pipe
锻铁管wrought-iron pipe
无缝钢管seamless (SMLS) steel pipe
焊接钢管welded steel pipe
电阻焊钢管electric-resistance welded steel pipe
电熔（弧）焊钢板卷管electric-fusion (arc)-welded steel-plate pipe
螺旋焊接钢管spiral welded steel pipe
镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe
热轧无缝钢管hot-rolling seamless pipe
冷拔无缝钢管cold-drawing seamless pipe
水煤气钢管water-gas steel pipe
塑料管plastic pipe
玻璃管glass tube
橡胶管rubber tube
直管run pipe; straight pipe
1.2 管件Fitting
弯头elbow
异径弯头reducing elbow
带支座弯头base elbow
k半径弯头long radius elbow
短半径弯头short radius elbow
长半径180°弯头long radius return
短半径180°弯头short radius return
带侧向口的弯头（右向或左向）side outlet elbow (right hand or left hand) 双支管弯头（形）double branch elbow
三通tee
异径三通reducing tee
等径三通straight tee
带侧向口的三通（右向或左向）side outlet tee (right hand or 1eft hand)
异径三通（分支口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on outlet)
异径三通（一个直通口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on one run)
带支座三通base tee
异径三通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on one run and outlet)
异径三通（两个直通口为异径，双头式）reducing tee (reducing on both runs, bull head) 45°斜三通45°lateral
45°斜三通（支管为异径）45°lateral (reducing on branch)
45°斜三通(一个直通口为异径) 45°lateral (reducing on one run)
45°斜三通(一个直通口及支管为异径) 45°lateral (reducing on one run and branch)
Y型三通（俗称裤衩）true “Y”
四通cross
等径四通straight cross
异径四通reducing cross
异径四通（一个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one outlet)
异径四通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one run and outlet)
异径四通（两个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on both outlet)
异径四通（一个直通口及两个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one run and both outlet)
异径管reducer
同心异径管concentric reducer
偏心异径管eccentric reducer
锻制异径管reducing swage
螺纹支管台threadolet
焊接支管台weldolet
承插支管台sockolet
弯头支管台elbolet
斜接支管台latrolet
镶入式支管嘴sweepolet
短管支管台nipolet
支管台，插入式支管台boss
管接头coupling, full coupling
半管接头half coupling
异径管接头reducing coupling
活接头union
内外螺纹缩接（俗称补芯）bushing
管帽cap (C)
堵头plug
短节nipple
异径短节reducing nipple; swage nipple
1.3 弯管Bend
预制弯管fabricated pipe bend
跨越弯管（^ 形）cross-over bend
偏置弯管（~ 形）offset bend
90°弯管quarter bend
环形弯管cirele bend
单侧偏置90°弯管（? 形）single offset quarter bend
S形弯管“S”bend
单侧偏置U形膨胀弯管（| ?形）single offset “U”bend
U形弯管“U”bend
双偏置U膨胀弯管double offset expansion “U”bend
斜接弯管mitre bend
三节斜接弯管3-piece mitre bend
折皱弯管corrugated bend
圆度roundness
1.4 法兰Flange (FLG）
整体管法兰integral pipe flange
钢管法兰steel pipe flange
螺纹法兰threaded flange
滑套法兰（包括平焊法兰）slip-on flange (SO); slip-on welding flange 承插焊法兰socket welding flange
松套法兰lap joint flange (LJF)
对焊法兰welding neckflange (WNF)
法兰盖blind flange, blind
孔板法兰orifice flange
异径法兰reducing flange
盘座式法兰pad type flange
松套带颈法兰loose hubbed flange
焊接板式法兰welding plate flange
对焊环welding neck collar （与stub end相似）
平焊环welding-on collar
突缘短节stub end, lap
翻边端lapped pipe end
松套板式法兰loose plate flange
压力级pressure rating, pressure rating class
压力—温度等级pressure-temperature rating
法兰密封面，法兰面flange facing
突面raised face (RF)
凸面male face (MF)
凹面female face (FMF)
榫面tongue face
槽面groove face
环连接面ring joint face
全平面；满平面flat face; full face (FF)
光滑突面smooth raised face (SRF)
法兰面加工facing finish
粗糙度roughness
光滑的smooth
齿形serrated
均方根root mean square (RMS)
算术平均粗糙高度arithmetical average roughness height (AARH)
配对法兰companion-flange
螺栓圆bolt circle (B.C.)
1.5 垫片Gasket (GSKT)
垫片的型式type of gasket
平垫片flat gasket
环形平垫片flat ring gasket
平金属垫片flat metal gasket
夹棉织物的橡胶elastomer with cotton fabric insertion
夹石棉织物的橡胶elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion
夹石棉织物及金属丝加强的橡胶elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion and with wire reinforcement
无石墨压缩白石棉垫片non graphited compressed white asbestos gasket
天然白橡胶垫片natural white rubber gasket
压缩石棉垫片compressed asbestos class gasket
浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉垫片PTFE impregnated asbestos gasket
夹石棉的缠绕金属垫片spiral-wound metal gasket with asbestos filler
内环inner ring
外环，外定位环outer ring
波纹金属垫片corrugated metal gasket
波纹金属包嵌石棉垫片corrugated metal gasket with asbestos inserted
双夹套波纹金属包石棉垫片corrugated metal double jacketed asbestos filled gasket
双夹套垫片double jacketed gasket
金属包石棉平垫片flat metal jacketed asbestos filled gasket
整体金属齿形垫片solid metal serrated gasket
槽形金属垫片grooved metal gasket
环形连接金属垫片ring joint metal gasket
八角环形垫片octagonal ring gasket
椭圆环形垫片oval ring gasket
透镜式垫片lens gasket
非金属垫片non-metallic gasket
1.6 阀门Valve
1.6.1 阀门结构、零件
阀轭yoke
外螺纹阀杆及阀轭outside screw and yoke (OS & Y) 阀杆stem
内螺纹inside screw (IS)
阀轭套yoke sleeve
阀杆环stem ring
阀座valve seat (body seat)
阀座环、密封圈seat ring
整体（阀）座integral seat
堆焊（阀）座deposited seat
阀芯（包括密封圈、杆等内件）trim
阀盘disc
阀盘密封圈disc seat
阀体body
阀盖bonnet
阀盖衬套bonnet bush
螺纹阀帽screw cap
螺纹阀盖screw bonnet
螺栓连接的阀盖bolted bonnet (BB)
活接阀盖（帽）union bonnet (cap)
螺栓连接的阀帽bolted cap (BC)
焊接阀盖welded bonnet (WB)
本体阀杆密封body stem seal
石棉安全密封asbestos emenen seal
倒密封back seal
压力密封的阀盖pressure-tight bonnet
动力操纵器powered operator
电动操纵器electric motor operator
气动操纵器pneumatic operator
液压操纵器hydraulic operator
快速操纵器quick-acting operator
滑动阀杆sliding stem
正齿轮传动spur gear operated
伞齿轮传动bevel gear operated
扳手操作wrench operated
链轮chain wheel
手轮hand wheel
手柄hand lever (handle)
气缸（或液压缸）操纵的cylinder operated
链条操纵的chain operated
等径孔道full bore; full port
异径孔道reducing bore, reduced port,venturi port
短型short pattern
紧凑型（小型）compact type
笼式环lantern ring
压盖gland
阀杆填料stem packing
阀盖垫片bonnet gasket
升杆式（明杆）rising stem (RS)
非升杆式（暗杆）non-rising stem (NRS)
指示器/限位器indicator/stopper
注油器grease injector
可更换的阀座环renewable seat ring
1.6.2 常用阀
(1）闸阀gate valve
平行双闸板double disc parallel seat
开口楔形闸板split wedge
挠性整体楔形闸扳flexible solid wedge
整体楔形闸板solid wedge
塞型闸阀plug gate valve
直通型闸阀through conduit gate valve
(2) 截止阀globe valve
球心型阀盘globe type disc
塞型阀盘plug type disc
可转动的阀盘swivel disc
(3) 节流闪阀throttle valve
针阀needle valve
(4) 角阀angle valve
(5) Y型阀（Y 型阀体截止阀）Y-valve (Y-body globe valve)
(6) 球阀ball valve
三通球阀3-way ball valve
装有底轴的trunnion mounted
耐火型fire safe type
浮动球型floating ball type
防脱出阀杆blowout proof stem
(7) 蝶阀butterfly valve
对夹式（薄片型）wafer type
凸耳式lug type
偏心阀板蝶阀offset disc burerfly valve; eccentric butterfly valve 斜阀盘蝶阀canted disc butterfly valve
连杆式蝶阀link butterfly valve
8) 柱塞阀piston type valve
(9) 旋塞阀plug valve
三通旋塞阀three-way plug valve
四通旋塞阀four-way plug valve
旋塞cock
衬套旋塞sleeve cock
(10) 隔膜阀diaphragm valve
橡胶衬里隔膜阀rubber lined diaphragm valve
直通式隔膜阀straight way diaphragm valve
堰式隔膜阀weir diaphragm valve
(11) 夹紧式胶管阀pinch valve（用于泥浆、粉尘等）
(12) 止回阀check valve
升降式止回阀lift check valve
旋启式止回阀swing check valve, flap check valve
落球式止回阀ball check valve
弹簧球式止回阀spring ball check valve
双板对夹式止回阀dual plate wafer type check valve
无撞击声止回阀non-slam cheek valve
底阀foot valve
切断式止回阀stop check valve; non-return valve
活塞式止回阀piston check valve
斜翻盘止回阀tilting disc check valve
蝶式止回阀butterfly check valve
1.6.3 其它用途的阀
安全泄气阀safety valve (SV)
安全泄液阀relief valve (RV)
安全泄压阀safety relief valve
杠杆重锤式lever and weight type
引导阀操纵的安全泄气阀pilot operated safety valve
复式安全泄气阀twin type safety valve
罐底排污阀flush-bottom tank valve
电磁阀solenoid valve, solenoid operated valve
电动阀electrically operated valve, electric-motor operated valve 气动阀pneumatic operated valve
低温用阀cryogenic service valve
蒸汽疏水阀steam trap
机械式疏水阎mechanical trap
浮桶式疏水阀open bucket trap, open top bucket trap
浮球式疏水阀float trap
倒吊桶式疏水阀inverted bucket trap
自由浮球式疏水阀loose float trap
恒温式疏水阀thermostatic trap
金属膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀metal expansion steam trap
液体膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀liquid expansion steam trap
双金属膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀bimetallic expansion steam trap
压力平衡式恒温疏水阀balanced pressure thermostatic trap
热动力式疏水阀thermodynamic trap
脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀impulse steam trap
放气阀（自动放气阀）air vent valve (automatic air vent valve) （疏水阀用）平板式滑动闸阀slab type sliding gate valve
盖阀flat valve
换向阀diverting valve, reversing valve
热膨胀阀thermo expansion valve
自动关闭阀self-closing gate valve
自动排液阀self-draining valve
管道盲板阀line-blind valve
挤压阀squeeze valve（用于泥浆及粉尘等）
呼吸阀breather valve
风门、挡板damper
减压阀pressure reducing valve, reducing valve
控制阀control valve
膜式控制阀diaphragm operated control valve
执行机构actuator
背压调节阀back pressure regulating valve
差压调节阀differential pressure regulating valve
压力比例调节阀pressure ratio regulating valve
1.6.4 未指明结构（或阀型）的阀
切断阀block valve; shut-off valve; stop valve
调节阀regulating valve
快开阀quick opening valve
快闭阀quick closing valve
隔断阀isolating valve
三通阀three way valve
夹套阔jacketed valve
非旋转式阀non-rotary valve
排污阀blowdown valve
集液排放阀drip valve
排液阀drain valve
放空阀vent valve
卸载阀unloading valve
排出阀discharge valve
吸入阀suction valve
多通路阀multiport valve
取样阀sampling valve
手动阀hand-operated valve; manually operated valve
锻造阀forged valve
铸造阀cast valve
（水）龙头bibb; bib; faucet
抽出液阀（小阀）bleed valve
旁路阀by-pass valve
软管阀hose valve
混合阀mixing valve
破真空阀vacuum breaker
冲洗阀flush valve
第一道阀；根部阀primary valve
根部阀root valve
总管阀header valve
事故切断阀emergency valve
1.7 管道特殊件Piping Specialty
1.7.1 管道特殊件（组件）
粗滤器strainer
过滤器filter
临时粗滤器（锥型）temporary strainer (cone type)
y 型粗滤器y-type strainer
T型粗滤器T-type strainer
永久过滤器permanent filter
丝网粗滤器gauze strainer
洗眼器及淋浴器eye washer and shower
视镜sight glass
阻火器flame arrester
喷嘴；喷头spray nozzle
取样冷却器sample cooler
消声器silencer
膨胀节expansion joint
波纹膨胀节bellow expansion joint
单波single bellow
双波double bellow
多波multiple bellow
压力平衡式膨胀节pressure balanced expansion
带铰链膨胀节hinged expansion joint
轴向位移型膨胀节axial movement type expansion joint 自均衡膨胀节（外加强环）self-equalizing expansion joint 带接杆膨胀节tied expansion joint
万向型膨胀节universal type expansion joint
球形补偿器ball type expansion joint
填函式补偿器slip type (packed type) expansion joint
单向滑动填料函补偿器single actionpacked slip joint
1.7.2 管道特殊元件Piping Special Element
软管接头hose connection (HC)
快速接头quick coupling
金属软管metal hose
橡胶管rubber hose
挠性管flexible tube
鞍形补强板reinforcing saddles
补强板reinforcement pad
特殊法兰special flange
漏斗funnel
排液环drip ring
排液漏斗drain funnel
插板blank
垫环spacer
8字盲板spectacle blind; figure 8 blind
限流孔板restriction orifice
爆破片rupture disk
法兰盖贴面protective disc
费托立克接头victaulic coupling
1.8 端部连接End Connection
法兰端flanged end
坡口端beveled end (BE)
对焊端butt welded end
平端plain end (PE)
承插焊端socket welding end
螺纹端threaded end (TE)
承口bell end
焊接端welding end
法兰连接（接头）flanged joint
对焊连接（接头）butt welded joint
螺纹连接，管螺纹连接threaded joint, pipe threaded joint 锥管螺纹密封焊连接seal-welded taper pipe threaded joint 承插焊连接（接头）socket welded joint
承插连接（接头）bell and spigot joint
环垫接头ring joint (RJ)
万向接头universal joint
软钎焊连接（接头）soldered joint
搭接接头，松套连接lapped joint
外侧厚度切斜角bevel for outside thickncss
内侧厚度切斜角bevel for inside thickness
内外侧厚度切斜角bevel for combined thickness
法兰式的flanged (FLGD)
对焊的butt welded (BW)
螺纹的threaded (THD)
承插焊的socket welded (SW)
小端为平的small end plain (SEP)
大端为平的large end plain (LEP)
两端平both ends plain (BEP)
小端带螺纹small end thread (SET)
大端带螺纹large end thread (LET)
两端带螺纹both end thread (BET)
一端带螺纹one end thread (OET)
支管连接branch connection
焊接支管branch pipe welded directly to the run pipe 2 管道用紧固件及螺纹
2.1 紧固件
螺栓bolt
六角头螺栓hexagonal head bolt
方头螺栓square head bolt
螺柱，双头螺栓stud bolt
环头螺检eye bolt
沉头螺栓countersunk (head) screw
地脚螺栓anchor bolt; foundation bolt
松紧螺旋扣（花篮螺丝）turnbuckle
U形螺栓U-bolt
T形螺栓T-bolt
圆头螺钉round head bolt
机螺栓，机螺钉maehine bolt
顶开螺栓，顶起螺栓Jack screw
自攻螺钉self tapping screw
膨胀螺栓expansion bolt
粗制的coarse
精制的finished, fine
螺母nut
六角螺母hexagonal nut
方螺母square nut
蝶形螺母wing nut
扁螺母flat nut
锁紧螺母lock nut
垫圈washer
平垫圈plain washer
球面垫圈spherical washer
弹簧垫圈spring washer
方垫圈square washer
斜垫圈slant washer
销轴pinned shan
销pin
开口销cotter pin
定位销dowel pin
带孔销pin with hole
圆锥销taper pin
铆钉rivet
键key
2.2 螺纹
左螺纹left hand thread
右螺纹right hand thread
管螺纹pipe thread
锥管螺纹taper pipe thread
直管螺纹straight pipe thread
梯形螺纹trapezoid thread
螺距pitch of thread
粗牙螺纹coarse thread
细牙螺纹fine thread
特细牙螺纹extra fine thread
通长螺纹full thread
惠氏螺纹whitworth thread
公制螺纹metric ibread
美国标准锥管螺纹American standard taper pipe thread (NPT) 螺孔tap
3 材料、型钢及填料
3.1 金属材料
3.1.1 黑色金属Ferrous Metal
碳素钢carbon steel (CS)
低碳钢low-carbon steel
中碳钢medium-carbon steel
高碳钢high-carbon steel
普通碳素钢general carbon steel
优质碳素钢high-quality carbon steel
普通低合金结构钢general structure low-alloy steel
合金结构钢structural alloy steel
合金钢alloy steel
低合金钢low alloy steel
中合金钢medium alloy steel
高合金钢high alloy steel
耐热钢heat resisting steel
高强度钢high strength steel
复合钢clad steel
工具钢tool steel
弹簧钢spring steel
钼钢molybdenum steel
镍钢nickel steel
铬钢chromium steel
铬钼钢chrome-molybdenum steel
铬镍钢chromium-nickel steel,chrome-nickel steel 不锈钢stainless steel (S.S.)
奥氏体不锈钢Austenitic stainless steel
马氏体不锈钢Martensitic stainless steel
司特来合金（钨铬钴台金）Stellite
耐蚀耐热镍基合金Hastelloy
铬镍铁合金inconel
耐热铬镍铁合金incoloy
20合金20 alloy
平炉钢（马丁钢）Martin steel
镇静钢killed steel
半镇静钢semi-killed steel
沸腾钢rimmed steel; rimming steel; open-steel
锻钢forged steel
铸钢cast steel
铸铁cast iron (C.I.)
灰铸铁grey cast iron
可锻铸铁malleable iron (MI)
球墨铸铁nodular cast iron; nodular graphite iron 生铁pig iron
熟铁，锻铁wrought iron
铸件casting
高硅铸铁high silicon cast iron
3.1.2 镀层及制造方法
渗铬钢，镀铬钢chromized steel
镀铬的chromium-plated, chrome-plated
镀层plating
锻造，型钢swage
锻造的，锻造forging
轧制rolling
热轧hot rolling
冷轧cold rolling
挤压extruding
冷加工cold working
热加工hot working
拔制drawing
3.1.3 有色金属Non-ferrous Metal
铝aluminum
铜，紫铜copper
黄铜brass
青铜bronze
铝青铜aluminum bronze
磷青铜phosphor bronze
铝镁合金aluminum magnesium
锰青铜manganese bronze
蒙乃尔（注：镍及铜合金）Monel
镍铜台金nickel copper alloy
非铁合金nonferrous alloy
钛titanium
铅lead
硬铅hard lead
3.1.4 材料性能
极限强度ultimate strength
抗拉强度tensile strength
屈服极限yield limit
屈服点yield point
延伸率percentage elongation
抗压强度compressive strength
抗弯强度bending strength
弹性极限elastic limit
冲击值impact value
疲劳极限fatigue limit
蠕变极限creep limit
持久极限endurance limit
布氏硬度Brinell hardness
洛氏硬度Rockwell hardness
维氏硬度Vickers diamond hardness, diamond penetrator hardness 蠕变断裂强度creep rupture strength
断面收缩率reduction of area
韧性toughess
脆性brittleness
延性ductility
冷脆cold shortness
冷流cold flow
3.2 非金属材料Non-metallic Material
塑料plastic
丙烯腈—丁二烯—苯乙烯acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) 聚乙烯polyethylene (PE)
聚氯乙烯polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
苯乙烯橡胶styrene-rubber (SR)
聚丁烯polybutylene (PB)
聚丙烯polypropylene (PP)
聚苯乙烯polystyrene (PS)
氯化聚醚chlorinated polyether (CPE)
聚酰胺polyamide (PA)
聚碳酸酯polycarbonate (PC)
聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)
醋酸丁酸纤维素cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB)
氯化聚氯乙烯chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC)
聚偏二氟乙烯polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)
缩醛塑料acetal plastic
尼龙塑料nylon plastic
聚烯烃polyolefin (PO)
石墨酚醛塑料graphite phenolic plastics
聚四氟乙烯polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
纤维增强热塑性塑料fiber reinforced thermoplastics
热塑性塑料thermoplastic
热固性塑料thermosetting plastics
胶粘剂adhesive
溶剂胶接剂solvent cement
树脂resin
环氧树脂epoxy, epoxy resin
聚酯树脂polyester resin
聚酯纤维polyester fibers
氟塑料fluoroplastics
聚氨基甲酸酯polyurethane
丙烯酸树脂acrylic resin
脲醛树脂urea resin
呋哺树脂furan resin
乙烯丙烯二烃单体ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) 合成橡胶synthetic rubber
橡胶rubber
丁腈橡胶nitrile butadiene rubber
氯丁橡胶neoprene
天然橡胶natural rubber
乙丙橡胶ethylene propylene rubber (EPR)
玻璃glass
硼硅玻璃borosilicate glass
耐火砖fire brick
陶瓷ceramic
搪瓷porcelain enamel
木材wood
3.3 型材
型钢shaped steel, section steel, swage
角钢angle steel
槽钢channel
工字钢I-beam
宽缘工字钢或H钢wide flanged beam
T型钢T-bar
方钢square bar
扁钢flat bar
角钢hexagonal steel bar
圆钢round steel; rod
钢带strap steel
钢板plate
网纹钢板checkered plate
腹板（指型钢的立板）web
翼缘（指型钢的缘）wing
3.4 填料及填料函
填料packing
石棉绳asbestos rope, asbestos cord．
O形环O-ring
自密封self-sealing
四氟带Teflon tap
带铬镍合金丝的石棉绳asbestos rope with inconel wire, inconel wire asbestos 浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉填料Teflon impregnated asbestos packing
金属填料metallic stuffing
填料箱，填料函packing box, stuffing box
填料函压盖stuffing box gland
4 管道等级及材料统计
4.1 管道材料规定Piping Material Specification
管道等级piping class; piping classification
管道等级号class designation
公称直径nominal diameter (DN); nominal (pipe) size
公称压力nominal pressure (PN)
压力级，等级，类别class (CL)
低压low pressure (L.P.)
中压medium pressure (M.P.)
高压high pressure (H.P.)
大气压atmosphere (ATM)
真空vacuum
工作压力operating pressure; working pressure
设计压力design pressure
工作温度operating temperature
设计温度design temperature
环境温度ambient temperature
腐蚀裕量corrosion allowance
管道附件piping attachment
管道元件piping element
壁厚wall thickness (WT)
壁厚系列号schedule number (SCH. No.)
加厚的，加强的extra heavy, extra strong
双倍加厚的，双倍加强的double extra heavy, double extra strong
通用连接组typieal installation
分组（类）形式（如管道等级表）block form
数据库data base
文件file
4.2 材料统计Material Take-off (MTO)
汇总表summary sheet
材料表bill of material (BM)
综合管道材料表consolidated piping material summary sheet (CPMSS) 统计材料准确度accuracy of take-off
材料情况报告material status report (MSR)
散装材料bulk material
编位号的itemized
代码code number
短代码short code
数量quantity (QTY)
重力weight
净重net weight
毛重gross weight
5 设备布置及管道布置
Plot Plan and Piping Layout,Equipment and Piping Arrangement
5.1 设备名称Equipment Name
5.1.1 容器Vessel
(1) 塔tower, column
洗涤塔scrubber
吸收塔absorber
冷却塔cooling tower
精馏塔fractionating tower
蒸馏塔distillation tower
再生塔regenering tower
造粒塔prflling tower
汽提塔stripper
脱气塔degasifier
合成塔synthesis tower
(2) 反应器reactor
聚台釜polymerizer
转化器，变换器converter
脱硫反应器desulphurization reactor 甲烷化器methanator
(3) 气柜gas-holder
螺旋式气柜helical gas-holder
湿式气柜wet gas-holder
干式气柜dry gas-holder
(4) 槽罐
贮罐tank; storage tank
缓冲罐knock out drum
球罐spheroid, spherical tank
罐drum
接受槽receiver
计量槽measuring tank
加料槽feed tank
排污罐blow down tank
闪蒸罐flash drum
汽包steam drum
溶液贮槽solution storage tank
地下槽sloptank
(5) 其它设备
分离器separator
旋风分离器cyclone
分子筛molecular sieve
脱氧器deaerator
搅拌器agitator
干燥器dryer
混合器mixer
萃取器extractor
结晶器crystallizer
澄清器gravity settler
净化器purifier
气化器vaporizer
吸附器adsorber
融解槽melter
减温器desuperheater
升压器booster
喷射器ejector
喷头sprayer
火炬flare
消声器silencer
(6) 换热器、加热器、冷却器
换热器heat exchanger
空冷器air cooler
水冷却器water cooler
冷凝器condenser
螺旋板式换热器spiral plate heat exchanger 蒸发器evaporator
再沸器reboiler
急冷器quencher
深冷器chiller
预热器preheater
再热器reheater
加热器heater
电加热器electric heater
过热器super heater
给水加热器feed water heater
中间冷却器inter cooler
后冷却器after cooler
5.1.2 工业炉及锅炉
炉子furnace
烧嘴burner
锅炉boiler
烟囱stack
废热锅炉waste heat boiler
辅助锅炉auxiliary boiler
省煤器economizer
回热炉direct-fired heater
辐射段radiant section
对流段convection section
裂化炉reformer
焚烧炉incinerator
回转窑rotary kiln
炉管furnace tube
吹灰器soot blower
观察孔observation door, peep door
防爆门explosion door
5.2 辅助用房名称
5.2.1 生产用房
分析室analyzer room
变压器室transformer room
配电室，变电所substation, switch room
蓄电池室battery room
控制室control room
通风室ventilating room
贮藏室storage room
维修间maintenance room
办公室office
5.2.2 生活用房
更农室locker room
盥洗室，厕所closet, lavatory, toilet
5.3 图名
管道布置平面piping arrangement plan (PAP)
管道布置piping layout
轴测图isometric drawing
分区索引图key plan
初版设备布置图（“A”版）preliminary plot plan ( “A”issue)
内部审查版设备布置图（“B”版）inrernal approval plot plan ( “B”issue) 用户审查版设备布置图（“C”版) owner approval plot plan ( “C”issue)
确认版设备布置图（“D”版）confirm plot plan ( “D”issue)
研究版设备布置图（“e”版）planning plot plan ( “E”issue)
设计版设备布置图（“F”）designing plot plan ( “F”issue)
施工版设备布置图（“G”版）construction plot plan ( “G”issue)
5.4 厂房、站、单元
压缩机房compressor house (room)
泵房pump house (room)
洗眼站eye washer station
泡沫站foam station
软管站，公用工程站hose station (HS), utility station 成套设备package unit
设施facilities
罐区tank yard
空分装置air separation facility
5.5 设备布置
设备位号equipment item number
工厂plant
工厂区界plant limit
项目区界内侧inside battery limit (I.S.B.L.)
项目区界batterylimit (BL)
区界area limit
区域边界zone iimit
界外off site
东east (E)
西west (W)
南south (S)
北north (N)
上up
下down
工厂北向plant north
真实北向true north
道路road
小过道cat walk, cat way
走道，过道walk way, gangway, access way
污水坑（井）sump pit
集水池catch basin
沟槽through
预留区trough
场地future area
铺砌区paving area
非铺砌区unpaved area
碎石铺面gravel paving
橡皮铺面rubber paving
面积，区域area
体积，容积volume (VOL)
5.6 管道布置
管道设计piping design
管道研究piping study
走向研究routing study
重要管道critical piping
地上管道above ground piping
地下管道under ground piping
管网network of pipes
管廊pipe rack
管沟piping trench
管间距line spacing
管道跨距line span
总管header, manifold
旁路by pass
排液drain
放空vent
上升管，垂直管riser
导管canduit
裸管bare iine
管件直接fitting to fitting (FTF)
管段，接口spool piece, spool
取样接口sampling connection
集液包drip leg
伴热管tracing pipe
蒸汽伴热steam tracing
热水伴热hot-water tracing
电伴热electrical tracing
夹套管jacketed line, jacketed piping 全夹套的full jacketed
平面plan
详图detail
“”视图X view “X”
“”剖视A-A section “A-A”连接图hook up drawing
接续图continue on drawing (COD) 接续线match line (M.L.)
比例scale
图例legend
符号symbol
管口表list of nozzles
方位orientation
管口方位nozzle orientation
定位location
相交intersection
水平的horizontal
垂直的，立式的vertical
垂直，正交，垂直的perpendicular
平行，平行的parallel
水平安装horizontal installation
垂直安装vertical installafion
对称的symmetric
相反（的），对面（的）opposite
顺时针方向clock wise
逆时针方向counter clock wise
计算机辅助设计computer aided design (CAD) 5.7 图面标注
绝对标高abselute elevation
海平面标高over-sea mean level (OSL)
标高，立面elevation (EL)
混凝土顶面top of concrete
架顶面top of support (TOS)
钢结构顶面top of steel
梁项面top of beam (TOB)
支撑点point of suppon (POS)
管顶top of pipe (TOP)
管底bouom of pipe (BOP)
沟底boaom of trench
管子内底invert (inside bottom of pipe)
底平flat on bottom (FOB)
顶平flat on top (FOT)
工作点working point (W.P.)
面至面face to face (F-F)
中心至端面center to end (C-E)
中心至面center to face (C-F)
中心至中心，中至中center to center (C-C)
坐标coordinate
坐标原点origin of coordinate
出口中心线center line of discharge
入口中心线center line of suction
中心线centerline (CL)
入口inlet, suction
出口outlet, discharge
排出口exhaust
距离distance
5.8 相关专业的专业词汇
5.8.1 工艺
(1) 图及表
流程图flow diagram
工艺流程图process flow diagram (PFD)
管道及仪表流程图piping and instrument flow diagram (PID)
公用工程流程图utility flow diagram (UFD) 管线表line list; line schedule
命名表；管道表nomenclature
设备表equipment list (schedule)
(2) 流体fluid
空气air
仪表空气instrument air
工艺空气process air
低压蒸汽low pressure steam
中压蒸汽medium pressure steam
高压蒸汽high pressure steam
伴热蒸汽tracing steam
饱和蒸汽saturated steam
过热蒸汽superheated steam
氧气oxygen
氢气hydrogen
氮气nitrogen
燃料气fuel gas
天然气natural gas
火炬气flare gas
酸性气sour gas
液化石油气liquefired petroleum gas (LPG) 氨气ammonia gas
冷却水cooling
循环水circulating water
锅炉给水boiler feed water
热水hot water
蒸汽冷凝水steam condensate
盐水brine
工艺水process water
化学污水chemical sewage
防腐剂corrosion inhibitor
重油heavy oil
石脑油naphtha
燃料油fuel oil
润滑油lubricating oil
密封油sealing oil
冷冻剂refrigerant
载热体heating medium
溶剂solvent
溶液solution
母液mother liquor
单体monomer
聚合物polymer
均聚物homopolymer
共聚物copolymer
工艺液体process liquid
工艺气体process gas
硫酸sulphuric acid
盐酸chlorhydric acid
硝酸nitric acid
烧碱caustic soda
(3) 流体特性fluid characteristics 蒸汽压vapor pressure
临界温度critical temperature
临界点critical point
临界压力critical pressure
比热specific heat
湿度humidity
密度density
比重specific gravity
粘度viscosity
闪点flash point
融点melting point
凝固点freezing point
浓度concentration
爆炸极限limit of explosion
有毒的toxic
可燃的；易燃的flammable (4) 其它
回收recovery
再生regeneration
循环cireulatlon
再循环；再生recycle
补充make-up
制备preparation
蒸汽吹扫steaming out
吹扫purge
抽空；排空evacuation
吹出blow-off
排污blow down
破真空vacuum breaker
大气腿barometric leg
备用stand-by
化学清洗chemical cleaning
净正吸入压头net positive suction head (NPSH) 进料feed
成品product
污染contamination
大气污染atmospheric pollution
环境温度ambient temperature
5.8.2 建筑、结构
建筑物building
钢结构steel structure
已有钢结构existing steel structure
钢筋混凝土结构reinforced concrete construction 楼面floor
平台platform (PF)
地面ground level
栏杆handrail
楼梯stair; stair way
直梯ladder
柱column; post; stanchion
基础foundation; footing
粱beam
斜撑；支撑bracing
桁架；主粱girder
构件member
隔墙partition wall
墙wall
篦子板grate; grating
吊装孔erection opening
吊梁hoisting beam
棚shelter
窗window
天窗skylight
门door
防火门fire door
地漏floor drain
防火层fire-proofing
总图general plot plan
路肩shoulder
桩pile
灌浆grouting
风荷载wind load
雪荷载snow load
动力荷载dynamic load
静荷载dead load
活荷载live load
风速wind velocity
主导风向most frequent wind direction
5.8.3 仪表
盘（操作盘）panel
就地盘local panel
仪表盘instrument panel
常开normally open
常闭normally closed
电缆槽（架）cable tray (channel); cable rack 仪表电缆槽（架）instrument cable tray (duct) 压力计manometer; pressure gauge
热电偶thermocouple
温度计thermometer
液位计level gauge
玻璃液位计gage glass
温度计保护管thermowell
流量计flow meter
孔板orifice
变送器transmitter
联锁interlock
仪器；设备apparatus
仪器分析instrumental analysis
自动分析automatic analysis
气体分析gas analysis
化学分析chemical analysis
气相色谱仪gas chromatograph
液相色谱仪liquid chromatograph
质谱分析mass spectrometric analysis
5.8.4 电气
危险区划分hazardous area classification 危险区平面图hazardous area plan
电气盘electrical panel
配电盘switch board
电缆沟cable trench
电流current
直流direct current
交流alternating current
频率frequency
相位phase
功率因数power factor
电压voltage
电阻resistance
电容capacitance
静电static electricity
接地grounding; easthing
照明lighting; illumination
避雷针lightning preventer
电话telephone
电线wire
接线箱（盒）junction box
导线管conduit tube
5.8.5 设备
固定鞍座fixed saddle
滑动鞍座sliding saddle
管口nozzle
人孔manhole (MH)
手孔handhole (HH)
检查孔inspection hole
吊柱davit
切线tangent line
焊接线weldingiine
件号part humbet
椭圆形封头ellipsoidal head
加强圈reinforcing ring
接地板earth lug
吊耳lifting lug
气缸cylinder
轴shaft
轴承bearing
附件，附属设备accessory
编位号设备itemized equipment
无位号设备non-itemized equipment 5.8.6 水道
(1) 流体
原水raw water
硬水hard water
软水soft water
饮用水potable water
循环冷却水给水cooling water supply 循环冷却水回水cooling water return 脱盐水demineralized water
苦咸水（碱性水）brackish water
生活污水sanitary sewer
工业废水industrial waste water
雨水rain water
污染雨水contaminated rain water
消防水fire water
(2) 装置、设施
软化装置softener
沉淀器settler
沉淀池clarifier
脱盐装置demineralizer
水处理water traatment
冷却塔cooling tower
中和池neutralization tank
化粪池septic tank
渗滤井soak-away pit
井well
阀井valve pit
清扫口clean out
（3）消防
消火栓hydrant
水炮water monitor
洒水器sprinkler
水喷淋watering。