水污染控制工程：第15章厌氧生物处理工艺

15.1 厌氧生物处理的基本原理 Fundamental of Anaerobic Wastewater Biological Treatment
Summary assessment:
➢In general, for municipal wastewater treatment with lower concentrations of biodegradable COD, lower temperature, higher effluent quality needs, and nutrient removal requirement, aerobic processes are favored at present.
(2) 特点(Character of anaerobic treatment )
Advantages:
➢Less energy required; ➢Less biological sludge production; ➢Fewer nutrients required; ➢Methane production, a potential energy source; ➢Higher Volumetric Loadings and Smaller reactor volume required; ➢Can kill worm eggs and pathogen in isolation of air.
(1) 概述（overview）
Definition: Anaerobic treatment is a biological process carried out in the absence of O2 for the stabilization of organic materials by conversion to CH4 and inorganic endproducts such as CO2 and NH3.
15 废水厌氧生物处理 Anaerobic wastewater biological treatment
15.1 厌氧生物处理的基本原理
(Fundamental of anaerobic biological treatment)
(1) 概述（overview）
早期被称为厌氧消化（Anaerobic Digestion）、厌氧 发酵(Anaerobic Fermentation)。
Anaerobic microorganisms
Organic materials + Nutrients CH4 + CO2 +NH3 + Biomass
15.1 厌氧生物处理的基本原理 Fundamental of Anaerobic Wastewater Biological Treatment
➢For industrial wastewaters with much higher biodegradable COD concentrations and elevated temperatures, anaerobic processes may be more economical.
Leabharlann Baidu
15.1 厌氧生物处理的基本原理 Fundamental of Anaerobic Wastewater Biological Treatment
第15章： 废水厌氧生物处理
15 废水厌氧生物处理 Anaerobic wastewater biological treatment
主要内容(outline)
15.1 厌氧生物处理的基本原理 (Fundamental of anaerobic biological treatment) 15.2 厌氧生物处理工艺的发展 (Development of Anaerobic Treatment Process) 15.3 现代高速厌氧生物反应器 (High Rate Anaerobic Treatment Process) 15.4 厌氧生物处理法的设计计算 (Design of Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment Process)
15.1 厌氧生物处理的基本原理 Fundamental of Anaerobic Wastewater Biological Treatment
CCOODD BBaallaannccee AAnnooxxiicc
4400%% NO3
6600%%
➢ 厌氧微生物的增殖速率低(lower biomass yield): ——产酸菌的产率系数Y为0.15~0.34kgVSS/kgCOD， ——产甲烷菌的产率系数Y为0.03kgVSS/kgCOD左右， ➢ 好氧微生物的产率系数y约为0. 5~0.6kgVSS/kgCOD。
15.1 厌氧生物处理的基本原理 Fundamental of Anaerobic Wastewater Biological Treatment
(2) 特点(Character of anaerobic treatment )
Disadvantages:
➢Longer start-up time; ➢May require alkalinity addition; ➢Lower quality effluent and Need further treatment; ➢More sensitive to temperature, pH or toxic compounds ; ➢Potential for odor production; ➢Biological nutrient removal is not possible.
实际上，是指在厌氧条件下由多种（厌氧及兼性厌氧 anaerobic microbes & facultative anaerobe）微生 物的共同作用下，使有机物分解并产生CH4和CO2的过 程。
15.1 厌氧生物处理的基本原理 Fundamental of Anaerobic Wastewater Biological Treatment