IChO2011准备试题翻译II(11-20题)

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翻译三级笔译真题

2011年11翻译资格英语笔译三级考试真题（网友回忆版）This month, the United Nations Development Program made water and sanitation the centerpiece of its flagship publication, the Human Development Report.Claims of a "water apartheid," where poor people pay more for water than the rich, are bound to attract attention. But what are the economics behind the problem, and how can it be fixed? In countries that have trouble delivering clean water to their people, a lack of infrastructure is often the culprit. People in areas that are not served by public utilities have to rely on costlier ways of getting water, such as itinerant water trucks and treks to wells. Paradoxically, as the water sources get costlier, the water itself tends to be more dangerous. Water piped by utilities - to the rich and the poor alike - is usually cleaner than water trucked in or collected from an outdoor tank.The problem exists not only in rural areas but even in big cities like Manila and Jakarta, said Hakan Bjorkman, program director of the UN agency in Thailand. Further, subsidies made to local water systems often end up benefiting people other than the poor, he added.The agency proposes a three-step solution. First, make access to 20 liters, or 5 gallons, of clean water a day a human right. Next, make local governments accountable for delivering this service. Last, invest in infrastructure to link people to water mains. The report says governments, especially in developing countries, should spend at least 1 percent of gross domestic product on water and sanitation. It also recommends that foreign aid be more directed toward these problems. Clearly, this approach relies heavily on government intervention, something Bjorkman readily acknowledged. But there are some market-based approaches as well.By offering cut-rate connections to poor people to the water mainline, the private water utility in Abidjan, Ivory Coast, has steadily increased access to clean water, according to the agency’s report. A subsidy may not even be necessary, despite the agency’s proposals, if a country can harness the economic benefits of providing clean water.People who receive clean water are much less likely to die from water-borne diseases - a common malady in the developing world - and much more likely to enjoy long, productive, taxpaying lives that can benefit their host countries. So if a government is trying to raise financing to invest in new infrastructure, it might find receptive ears in private credit markets - as long as it can harness the return. Similarly, private companies may calculate that it is worth bringing clean water to an area if its residents are willing to pay back the investment over many years.In the meantime, some local solutions are being found. In Thailand, Bjorkman said, some small communities are taking challenges like water access upon themselves. "People organize themselves in groups to leverage what little resources they have to help their communities," he said. "That’s especially true out in the rural areas. They invest the ir money in revolving funds and saving schemes, and they invest themselves to improve their villages. "It is not always easy to take these solutions and replicate them in other countries, though. Assembling a broad menu of different approaches can be the first step in finding the right solution for a given region or country.Section 2 Chinese-English Translation ( 50 points )即使遇到丰收年景，对中国来说，要用世界百分之七的耕地养活全球五分之一的人口仍是一项艰巨的任务。

翻译证的考试题库和答案

翻译证的考试题库和答案以下是一份模拟的翻译证考试题库及答案，供参考：一、单选题（每题2分，共20分）1. 翻译中，以下哪项不是直译的特点？A. 保持原文风格B. 保持原文结构C. 保持原文意义D. 过度自由发挥答案：D2. 翻译中，以下哪项不是意译的特点？A. 保持原文风格B. 保持原文意义C. 保持原文结构D. 灵活处理原文答案：C3. 翻译中，以下哪项不是增译的特点？A. 增加原文没有的信息B. 增加原文隐含的信息C. 增加原文省略的信息D. 增加原文多余的信息答案：D4. 翻译中，以下哪项不是减译的特点？A. 省略原文多余的信息B. 省略原文隐含的信息C. 省略原文省略的信息D. 省略原文没有的信息答案：D5. 翻译中，以下哪项不是变译的特点？A. 改变原文结构B. 改变原文风格C. 改变原文意义D. 保持原文意义答案：C6. 翻译中，以下哪项不是倒译的特点？A. 倒置原文语序B. 倒置原文结构C. 倒置原文意义D. 保持原文意义答案：C7. 翻译中，以下哪项不是分译的特点？A. 分开翻译原文B. 分开翻译原文结构C. 分开翻译原文意义D. 合并翻译原文答案：D8. 翻译中，以下哪项不是合译的特点？A. 合并翻译原文B. 合并翻译原文结构C. 合并翻译原文意义D. 分开翻译原文答案：D9. 翻译中，以下哪项不是换译的特点？A. 替换原文词汇C. 替换原文意义D. 保持原文意义答案：C10. 翻译中，以下哪项不是反译的特点？A. 反转原文语序B. 反转原文结构C. 反转原文意义D. 保持原文意义答案：C二、多选题（每题3分，共15分）11. 翻译中，以下哪些属于直译的特点？（）A. 保持原文风格C. 保持原文意义D. 过度自由发挥答案：ABC12. 翻译中，以下哪些属于意译的特点？（）A. 保持原文风格B. 保持原文意义C. 保持原文结构D. 灵活处理原文答案：ABD13. 翻译中，以下哪些属于增译的特点？（）A. 增加原文没有的信息B. 增加原文隐含的信息C. 增加原文省略的信息D. 增加原文多余的信息答案：ABC14. 翻译中，以下哪些属于减译的特点？（）A. 省略原文多余的信息B. 省略原文隐含的信息C. 省略原文省略的信息D. 省略原文没有的信息答案：ABC15. 翻译中，以下哪些属于变译的特点？（）A. 改变原文结构B. 改变原文风格C. 改变原文意义D. 保持原文意义三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）16. 直译就是完全按照原文的字面意思翻译。

2011-2009年广西翻译大赛初赛真题及参考译文

2011年广西翻译大赛初赛卷Part I Passage Translation (60%)Direction: Translate the following passage into ChineseHow to Get out of Jury DutyThe mailman delivers good news and bad news. Topping the “bad news” list for many people who live in Los Angeles is a jury summons. This document tells you that you must respond by mail or phone for possible service on a jury. Many people feel that jury duty is a boring chore and would prefer not doing it.In fact, court clerks say that the most common question they hear is: Why do I have to serve? The official response is: Jury duty is a responsibility that all qualified citizens must share. If you are a citizen, if you can read and understand English, if you‟re over 18 years old, and if you‟re not a felon, you are eligible for jury duty. If you ignore the summons, you might be fined up to $1,500.A jury trial might last one day or one month. If you work for the government, this is no problem, because the government will pay you your regular salary while you are on jury duty. However, if you are self-employed, you lose your regular income for that time period. Instead of your regular income, you get $15 a DAY for sitting on a jury. This is another reason people try to avoid jury duty.Jack got the bad news yesterday. Even though he was retired and sat around all day watching reruns of old movies, he told his wife Polly he wasn‟t going to be a juror. He hated jury duty and he was not going to let the courts interfere with h is retirement.“So how do you think you are going to get out of it?” Polly asked, both amused and irritated. “Are you going to claim that you‟re dead? Or are you going to tell them you‟ve moved out of the country?”“No, both of those involve too much paperwork. I‟ve got a better idea. It‟s a medical excuse. It says here that if you have a physical disability, you can be dismissed.”“What‟s your disability? Your 'bad back' doesn't allow you to sit in a chair watching reruns all day?”“No. Something better than that. I‟ve got gas. It‟ll offend the other jurors and everyone else in the courtroom. They‟ll have to open all the windows or issue gas masks.”“But there‟s one problem. You don‟t have gas.”“But I know how to create it. I‟ll eat a lot of peanuts and fruit the morning that I go to court. As soon as they get a whiff of my …problem,‟ they‟ll tell me to go home and stay home.”“That‟s a brilliant idea!” Polly said, as she rolled her eyes. At least it would get him out of the house for one day, she thought.Part II Sentence Translation 40%Translate the following sentences into English (8% each)1.作为教师，你的第一要务就是掌握清晰、准确表达自己的能力和引用恰当的事例来解释你的想法。

2011年11月二级笔译真题汉译英(二)

我国控烟和禁烟形势依然严峻(考试内容只节选了几百字，红色字体印象中有考到）尽管我们在控烟和禁烟方面做了大量工作，取得了一定成效，但控烟和禁烟形势依然严峻。

一、普遍对烟草烟雾危害性认识存在四大误区。

禁烟难、难禁烟，主要是对烟草烟雾的危害不认识或认识不足，甚至把吸烟说成好处多、贡献大、危害小、不伤害他人。

这些错误的认识包括:吸烟“好处多”。

很多烟民认为，吸烟可以消除疲劳、解除烦闷、振奋精神、刺激情绪；吸烟可以防止虫叮蚊咬，以毒攻毒消除某些病害；吸烟可以社交联谊、广交朋友、潇洒浪漫；吸烟可以帮助大脑启发思考、写作带来灵气等。

吸烟“贡献大”。

吸烟是为国家做贡献、创造财富、增加税收、脱贫致富、解决就业。

没有烟民，国家哪能每年收入几千个亿元税收，解决上千万人的就业，国家应感谢烟民，从而为吸烟找到所谓正当理由。

吸烟“无大害”。

许多烟民和社会公众认为吸烟有点害但无大害。

主要是尼古丁的毒害，这种毒害也是轻微的、漫长的、潜移默化的，只要自己身体好无大害，你看某位亲人一辈子吸烟活到九十九，不影响健康长寿。

其实，一些烟民只知道吸烟对人体的呼吸系统有影响，不知道烟雾中含有4000多种化学物质；只知道吸烟可能致癌，不知道烟雾中至少有40多种致癌物质；只知道吸烟有害，不知道烟雾还有毒，烟雾中含有许多有毒有害致病物质，如烟碱、二氧化氮、氢氰酸、丙烯醛、砷、铅、汞等。

烟雾对人群的危害超过工业污染的化学气体，对人体的大脑、心肺、肝、脾、胃、肾，对人体的性功能、生殖功能都有不同程度的伤害，甚至将严重影响生育繁衍质量。

吸烟“不伤害他人”。

这是在公共场所和工作场所禁烟难的一个重要原因。

烟民错误地认为，吸烟是自己的权利，自己的自由，不受他人干涉。

对于烟雾污染环境、污染空气质量，对二手烟、三手烟、主动吸烟、被动吸烟造成对他人健康侵害和享有清新空气的环境权的侵害不认知、不支持，我行我素。

有的认为有点影响问题也不大，缺乏共同营造文明环境的思想和道德素质。

2011年11月13日英语二笔英译汉真题回忆

2011年11月13日英语二笔英译汉真题回忆第一篇：Can we have our fish and eat it too? An unusual collaboration of marine ecologists and fisheries management scientists says the answer may be yes.In a research paper in Friday’s issue of the journal Science, the two groups, lon g at odds with each other, offer a global assessment of the world’s saltwater fish and their environments.Their conclusions are at once gloomy — overfishing continues to threaten many species — and upbeat: a combination of steps can turn things around. But because antagonism between ecologists and fisheries management experts has been intense, many familiar with the study say the most important factor is that it was done at all.They say they hope the study will inspire similar collaborations between scientists whose focus is safely exploiting specific natural resources and those interested mainly in conserving them.“We need to merge those two communities,” said Steve Murawski, chief fisheries scientist for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. “This paper starts to bridge that gap.”The collaboration began in 2006 when Boris Worm, a marine ecologist at Dalhousie University in Halifax, Nova Scotia, and other scientists made an alarming prediction: if current trends continue, by 2048 overfishing will have destroyed most commercially important populations of saltwater fish. Ecologists applauded the work. But among fisheries management scientists, reactions ranged from skepticism to fury over what many called an alarmist report.Among the most prominent critics was Ray Hilborn, a professor of aquatic and fishery sciences at the University of Washington in Seattle. Yet the disagreement did not play out in typical scientific fashion with, as Dr. Hilborn put it, “researchers firing critical papers back and forth.” Instead, he and Dr. Worm found themselves debating the issue on National Public Radio.“We started talking and found more common ground than we had expected,” Dr. Worm said. Dr. Hilborn recalled thinking that Dr. Worm “actually seemed like a reasonable person.”The two decided to work together on the issue. They sought and received financing and began organizing workshops at the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, an organization sponsored by the National Science Foundation and based at the University of California, Santa Barbara.第二篇：As I mentioned last week, I’ve recently returned from Australia. While I was there, I visited a eucalyptus forest that, in February, was the scene of an appalling wildfire. Perhaps naively, I had expected to find that many trees had been killed. They hadn’t. They had blackened bark, but were otherwise looking rather well, many of them wreathed in new young leaves. This prompted me to consider fire and the role it plays as a force of nature.Fossil charcoals tell us that wildfires have been part of life on Earth for as long as there have been plants on land. That’s more than 400 million years of fire. Fire was here long before arriviste plants like grasses; it pre-dated the first flowers. And without wanting to get mystical about it, fire is, in many respects, a kind of animal, albeit an ethereal one. Like any animal, it consumes oxygen. Like a sheep or a slug, it eats plants. But unlike a normal animal, it’s a shape-shifter. Sometimes, it merely nibbles a few leaves; sometimes it kills grown trees. Sometimes it is more deadly and destructive than a swarm of locusts.The shape-shifting nature of fire makes it hard to study, for it is not a single entity. Some fires are infernally hot; others, relatively cool. Some stay at ground level; others climb trees. Moreover, fire is much more likely to appear in some parts of the world than in others. Satellite images of the Earth show that wildfires are rare in, say, northern Europe, and common in parts of central Africa and Australia. (These days many wildfires are started by humans, either on purpose or by accident. But long before our ancestors began to throw torches or cigarette butts, fires were started by lightning strikes, or by sparks given off when rocks rub together in an avalanche.) Once a fire gets started, many factors contribute to how it will behave. The weather obviously has a huge effect: winds can fan flames, rains can quench them. The lie of the land matters, too: fire runs uphill more readily than it goes down. But another crucial factor is what type of plants the fire has to eat.It’s common knowledge that plants regularly exposed to fire tend to have features that help them cope with it — such as thick bark, or seeds that only grow after being exposed to intense heat or smoke.。

2011年北外翻译基础英汉互译真题汇总

2011年北外翻译基础英汉互译真题汇总1 UNESCO联合国教科文组织2 NASA美国宇航局3 Diet of Japan 日本国会4 FDI外国直接投资5 CCTV闭路电视6 FBI 美国联邦调查局Federal Bureau of Investigation7 GM crop转基因作物Genetically modified crop8 IAEA 国际原子能机构International Atomic Energy Agency9 opportunity cost机会成本是指为了得到某种东西而所要放弃另一些东西的最大价值10 Keynesians 凯恩斯主义11 the Tories 保守党12 the State Department in Washington美国国务院13 the Treasury Department of the U.S. 美国财政部14.protectionism 保护贸易主义15.Balance of Payments （国际）收支平衡汉译英1 中国特色的社会主义socialism with Chinese characteristics2 科学发展观scientific outlook on development3 全面建设小康社会build a well-off society in an all-round way4 以人为本people oriented5 宏观经济调控macroeconomic regulation and control6 自主创新能力The ability of independent innovation ；the capacity for independent innovation7.完善人民币汇率形成机制Improve the RMB exchange rate formation mechanism8.中西医并重lay equal stress on traditional Chinese and Western Medicine9.突发事件应急管理机制The mechanism of emergency management10.港人治港Hong Kong people administering Hong Kong11.构建两岸关系和平发展框架to construct a framework for peaceful development of Cross-straits (十二五规划原句）12.知足常乐Enough is as good as a feast.Happy is he who is content。

第32届IChO预备题中译本(简译本)

科目化学年级高三文件aosai003.doc考试类型化学竞赛考试时间2000关键词国际奥林匹克竞赛标题第32届IChO预备题中译本（简译本）内容第1题酸雨纯水pH为7.0。

天然雨水因溶解大气二氧化碳而呈弱酸性。

但许多地区的雨水酸性更强，其原因有的是天然的，有的则是人为的。

大气中的二氧化硫和一氧化氮会被氧化为三氧化硫和二氧化氮，并分别与水反应生成硫酸和硝酸。

所谓“酸雨”的平均pH为4.5，最低可达1.7。

二氧化硫在水溶液中是一个二元酸，在25o C时酸式电离常数如下：SO2(aq) + H2O(l) ⇌ HSO3-(aq) + H+(aq)K a1= 10-1.92 M HSO3-(aq) ⇌ SO32-(aq) + H+(aq)K a2= 10-7.18 M注：“M”是原文用于代替国际符号mol·dm-3的欧洲国家中学教科书通用符号，请同时熟悉这两种符号。

本译文未将此符号改为国际符号。

下同。

请注意平衡常数的指数表达式和以SO2而非H2SO3为反应物。

a.在二氧化硫的分压为1bar时它在每升水中的溶解度为33.9升(25o C, 全题同)。

i）计算被二氧化硫饱和的水中的二氧化硫总浓度（忽略因溶解SO2引起的水的体积变化）。

ii）计算亚硫酸氢根离子的百分含量。

iii）计算溶液的pH。

b．计算含0.0100 M亚硫酸钠的水溶液的氢离子浓度。

c．在亚硫酸钠水溶液中存在的主要平衡为：2HSO3-(aq) ⇌ SO2(aq) + SO32-(aq) + H2O(l)i)计算它的平衡常数。

ii)若只考虑此平衡，计算0.0100 M亚硫酸钠水溶液中的二氧化硫浓度。

d．亚硫酸钡在水中的溶解度为0.016g/100ml。

i）计算饱和溶液中的钡离子浓度。

ii）计算饱和溶液中的压硫酸根离子浓度。

iii）计算亚硫酸钡的溶度积。

e．亚硫酸银的溶度积为10-13.87 M3。

计算亚硫酸银饱和水溶液中的银离子浓度（忽略亚硫酸根离子的碱性）。

二笔翻译真题

2003年12月Part A Compulsory Translation（必译题）（20 points）中华民族历来尊重人的尊严和价值。

还在遥远的古代，我们的先人就已提出“民为贵”的思想，认为“天生万物，唯人为贵”，一切社会的发展和进步，都取决于人的发展和进步，取决于人的尊严的维护和价值的发挥。

中国共产党领导人民进行革命、建设和改革，就是要实现全中国人民广泛的自由、民主和人权。

今天中国所焕发出来的巨大活力，是中国人民拥有广泛自由、民主的生动写照。

中国在公元一世纪人口就已达到过六千万左右，众多人口的衣食住行，几千年来一直是中国历代政府所要解决的首要人权问题。

今天的中国是一个有十二亿多人口的发展中大国，仍然必须首先保障最广大人民的生存权和发展权，不然一切其他权利都无从谈起。

中国确保十二亿多人的生存权和发展权，这是对世界人权进步事业的重大贡献。

Part B Choice of Two Translation （二选一题）（20 points）Topic 1（选题一）艾滋病艾滋病是一种威胁生命的疾病，它侵袭人体内的自然免疫系统，破坏人体的自卫能力。

艾滋病本身并不致命，但是，由于人体的免疫系统遭到破坏，病人几乎没有能力低于其他许多疾病的侵袭，例如，肺炎、癌症、致盲性疾病和精神错乱。

艾滋病毒存在于人的体液中。

这种病毒可以通过性生活或共用静脉注射器传播，也可以通过血制品传播，并且可以从患艾滋病的孕妇身上传播给她的妊娠婴儿。

有关艾滋病传播的许多说法是错误的。

与艾滋病患者一起工作或上学不会传染上艾滋病，触摸他们用过的饮水杯或其他东西也不会传染上艾滋病。

专家们说：没有人因为与艾滋病患者一起生活、照料艾滋病患者或触摸艾滋病患者而染上艾滋病。

Topic 2 （选题二）时间之谜如果你能够看懂时钟，你就可以知道一天的时间。

但是谁也不知道，时间本身究竟是什么。

时间是看不到、摸不着、听不见的，我们只能记录时间消逝的办法才知道时间的存在。

广东外国外贸大学考研英语翻译基础真题2011回忆版

第三篇是汉译英，是关于中国建筑的，大概是说中国的建筑与中国文明一样古老，所有的资料来源都证明，我们的祖先在很久以前就采用一种土生土长的建筑体系，并一直保留着它的基本特点，受中国文化影响的广袤地区从新疆到日本，从东本三省中海半岛，都流行这个体系。尽管中国过去遭受军事和文化入侵，但这种建筑体系却保存下来，这只有中国文明能与之相媲美。因为中国建筑本来就是中国文明不可或缺的一部分。
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. 第四篇是汉译英，是关于广州的介绍，这里要特别提醒下童鞋们，广外很喜欢考跟广东或者广州有关的内容。这次考的是关于广州的地理位置，还有人们的一些生活习惯之类的。
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1、短语翻译 2、联合国安理会海基会大运会上海公报儒林外史国际先驱论坛报海关总署石油输出国组织 associate press CFO
二、文章翻译
第一篇是英翻汉，是一篇法律文件
第二篇英译汉，是关于荷兰的介绍，凭着印象在网上搜了下，没搜到原文，主要内容就是荷兰的风车windmill还有荷兰的花，这两样最著名的东西。

11月翻译资格考题二级英语笔译实务试卷及答案

11月翻译资格考题二级英语笔译实务试卷及答案Section 1: English-Chinese Translation （英译汉）（ 60 point ）This section consists of two parts: Part A "Compulsory Translation" and Part B "Optional Translations" which comprises "Topic 1" and "Topic 2". Translate the passage in Part A and your choice from passage in Part B into Chinese. Write "Compulsory Translation" above your translation of Part A and write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2" above your translation of the passage from Part B. The time for this section is 100 minutes.Part A Compulsory Translation （必译题）（30 points）Until recently, scientists knew little about life in the deep sea, nor had they reason to believe that it was being threatened. Now, with the benefit of technology that allows for deeper exploration, researchers have uncovered a remarkable array of species inhabiting the ocean floor at depths of more than 660 feet, or about 200 meters. At the same time, however, technology has also enabled fishermen to reach far deeper than ever before, into areas where bottom trawls can destroy in minutes what has taken nature hundreds and in some cases thousands of years to build.Many of the world's coral species, for example, are found at depths of more than 200 meters. It is also estimated that roughly half of the world's highest seamounts - areas that rise from the ocean floor and are particularly rich in marine life - are also found in the deep ocean.These deep sea ecosystems provide shelter, spawning and breeding areas for fish and other creatures, as well as protection from strong currents and predators. Moreover, they are believed to harbor some of the most extensive reservoirs of life on earth, with estimates ranging from 500,000 to 100 million species inhabiting these largely unexplored and highly fragile ecosystems.Yet just as we are beginning to recognize the tremendous diversity of life in these areas, along with the potential benefits newly found species may hold for human society in the form of potential food products and new medicines, they are at risk of being lost forever. With enhanced ability both to identify where these species-rich areas are located and to trawl in deeper water than before, commercial fishing vessels are now beginning to reach down with nets the size of football fields, catching everything in their path while simultaneously crushing fragile corals and breaking up the delicate structure of reefs and seamounts that provide critical habitat to the countless species of fish and other marine life that inhabit the deep ocean floor.Because deep sea bottom trawling is a recent phenomenon, the damage that has been done is still limited. If steps are taken quickly to prevent this kind of destructive activity from occurring on the high seas, the benefits both to the marine environment and to future generations are incalculable. And they far outweigh the short-term costs to the fishing industry.Part B Optional Translations （二选一题）（ 30 points ）Topic 1 （选题一）Most of the world's victims of AIDS live - and, at an alarming rate, die - in Africa. The number of people living with AIDS in Africa was estimated at 26.6 million in late 2003. New figures to be published by the United Nations Joint Program on AIDS （ UNAIDS ）， the special UN agency set up to deal with the pandemic, will probably confirm its continued spread in Africa, but they will also show whether the rate of spread is constant, increasing or falling.AIDS is most prevalent in Eastern and Southern Africa, with South Africa, Zimbabwe and Kenya having the greatest numbers of sufferers; other countries severely affected include Botswana and Zambia. AIDS was raging in Eastern Africa - where it was called "slim", after the appearance of victims wasting away - within a few years after its emergence was established in the eastern Congo basin; however, the conflicting theories about the origin of AIDS are highly controversial and politicized, and the controversy is far from being settled.Measures being taken all over Africa include, first of all, campaigns of public awareness and device, including advice to remain faithful to one sexual partner and to use condoms. The latter advice is widely ignored or resisted owing to natural and cultural aversion to condoms and to Christian and Muslim teaching, which places emphasis instead on self-restraint.An important part of anti- AIDS campaigns, whether organized by governments, nongovernmental organizations or both, is the extension of voluntary counseling and testing （ VCT ） .In addition, medical research has found a way to help sufferers, though not to cure them.Funds for anti- AIDS efforts are provided by the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, a partnership between governments, civil society, the private sector and affected communities around the world; the fund was launched following a call by the UN Secretary-General in 2001. However, much more is needed if the spread of the pandemic is to be at least halted.Topic 2 （选题二）As a leader of a least developed country, I speak from experience when I say that poverty is too complex a phenomenon, and the strategies for fighting it too diverse and dependent on local circumstances, for there is no single silver bullet in the war on poverty.We have learned the hard way over the years. We have experimented with all kinds of ideas.Yet a report recently released by the World Economic Forum shows that barely a third of what should have been done by now to ensure the world meets its goals to fight poverty, hunger and disease by 2015 is done. I am now convinced that the Millennium Development Goals set by the United Nations in 2000 can only be attained through a global compact, anchored in national policies that take into account local circumstances.Aid and trade are both necessary, but they are not enough on their own. Neither is good governance enough in itself. Above all, nothing can move without the direct participation of local communities. I fear that we lecture too much. This is not the best way.I will give an example of how such a compact worked in Tanzania to achieve universal basic schooling.In the mid-1990s, almost all indicators for basic education were in free fall. The gross enrollment rate had fallen from 98 percent in the early 1980s to 77.6 percent in 2000. The net enrollment rate had likewise fallen, from over 80 percent to only 58.8 percent.Then several things happened. We decided at the top political level that basic education would be a top priority, and adopted a five-year Primary Education Development Plan to achieve universal basic education by 2006 - nine years ahead of the global target.Good governance produced more government revenues, which quadrupled over the last eight years. In 2001, we received debt relief under the World Bank's enhanced HIPC （ heavily indebted poor countries ） Initiative. Subsequently, more donors put aid money directly into our budget or into a pooled fund for the Primary Education Development Program （ PEDP ） .The government's political will was evidenced by the fact that over the last five years the share of the national budget going to poverty reduction rose by 130 percent. We abolished school fees in primary schools.Then we ensured that all PEDP projects are locally determined, planned, owned,implemented and evaluated. This gave the people pride and dignity in what they were doing. After only two years of implementing PEDP, tremendous successes have been achieved.Section 2: Chinese- English Translation （汉译英）（ 40 point ）This section consists of two parts: Part A "Compulsory Translation" and Part B "Optional Translations" which comprises "Topic 1" and "Topic 2".Translation the passage in Part A and your choice from passage in Part B into English. Write "Compulsory Translation" above your translation of Part A and write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2" above your translation of the passage from Part B. The time for this section is 80 minutes.Part A Compulsory Translation （必译题）（ 20 points ）进入新世纪，国际形势继续发生深刻复杂的变化。

北京外国语大学德语口译考研-德语翻译基础2011年真题

北京外国语大学2011年硕士研究生入学考试试题招生专业：翻译硕士（德语MTI）科目名称：德语翻译基础（考试时间3小时，满分150分，全部写在答题纸上，答在试题页上无效）I.Übersetzen Sie die folgenden Abkürzungen und Begriffe ins Chinesische! (1*15=15Punkte):1.IMF2.WTO3.UNICEF4.OECD5.ASEAN6.CSU7.DAX8.FDP9.Koalitionsvertrag10.Legislaturperiode11.Bruttoinlandsprodukt12.Deflation13.Biodiversität14.Renaissance15.VölkerwanderungII.Übersetzen Sie die folgenden Wortgruppen ins Deutsche(1*15=15Punkte).1.恢复生态平衡2.可持续发展3.科学发展观4.经济转轨5.能源密集型产业6.新兴经济体7.应对气候变化8.社会弱势群体9.跨国公司10.追求最大利润11.中庸之道12.中西合璧13.良莠不齐14.沽名钓誉15.好事多磨III.Übersetzen Sie den folgenden Text ins Chinesische(60Punkte).Was stoppt den Klimawandel?Wie sieht die Energie der Zukunft aus?Wie第2页共2页bekommen alle Zugang zu ausreichend Wasser?Wichtige Fragen,die eng mit KlimaundUmweltschutz verbunden sind.Das renommierte US-Magazin…Time“zeichnet das Bild eines neuen Deutschland,in dem Windparks,Biogas-Anlagen und Solardächer wie selbstverständlich zum Landschaftsbild gehören.Die Bundesregierung habe,so lautet die Quintessenz,frühzeitig die Weichen für einen Wandel gestellt:Sie hat eineÖko-Steuer eingeführt, um denÖlverbrauch zu senken.Sie hat ein Recycling-System aufgebaut,um Ressourcen zu schonen und Rohstoffe wiederzuverwerten.Und vor allem hat sie das Erneuerbare-Energien-Gesetz(EEG)auf den Weg gebracht.Tatsächlich ist das im Jahr2000in Kraft getretene EEG das Herzstück der deutschen Energie-und Klimapolitik.Es ermutigt Bürger,Unternehmen und Kommunen Strom aus erneuerbaren Quellen selbst zu produzieren und gegenVergütung ins Netz einzuspeisen.Damit macht so mancher Produzent ein gutes Geschäft.Und der Anteil erneuerbarer Energien am Stromverbrauch konnte in wenigen Jahren auf14Prozent gesteigert werden.Das Ziel ist ein Anteil von25bis 30Prozent im Jahr2020.47Staaten haben das Erneuerbare-Energien-Gesetz nach deutschem Vorbild bisher in seinen Grundzügenübernommen.Denn von dem Marktanreizprogramm profitiert nicht nur das Klima,sondern auch die Wirtschaft. Aus Deutschland stammen jede dritte Solarzelle und fast jedes zweite Windrad.Die deutsche…Greentech“-Branche ist Technologieführer und hat nach einer aktuellen Studie das Potenzial,den erfolgreichen deutschen Maschinen-und Automobilbau im Jahr2020als beschäftigungsstärkste Industriezweige abzulösen.…Umweltschutz und Arbeitsplätze sind kein Widerspruch.Im Gegenteil:Beide bedingen sich im globalen Maßstab“,sagt Bundesumweltminister Sigmar Gabriel.Schon ist von der…dritten industriellen Revolution“die Rede.IV.Übersetzen Sie den folgenden Text ins Deutsche(60Punkte).公路是用于行车而不是停车的。

2011年同等学力英语第二部分翻译写作真题

同等学历（在职硕士）英语水平统一考试翻译1994年真题在我们这个时代，任何人想要在社会上起到所希望起的作用，必须接受必要的教育。

随着科学的进步，在中小学开设了越来越多的课程。

与过去的教育相比，现代教育更重视实用性。

参考译文：In our times，anyone who wants to play an important role in a society as he wishes must receive necessary education．With the development of science，more courses are offered in primary schools and middle schools．Compared with the old education，modem education places its stress on practicality．同等学历（在职硕士）英语水平统一考试翻译1995年真题当前最重要的任务是发展国民经济、提高人民生活水平。

为了实现这一目标，我们必须改革旧的经济体制，以便进一步解放生产力。

我们应当向世界敞开大门，以便学习其他国家先进的科学和技术。

只要我们坚持改革开放政策，就一定能把我国建设成强大的社会主义国家。

参考译文：At present the most important task is to develop national economy, and to improve the riving standards．In order to realize this goal，we must reform the old economic system so as to further free the productivity．We should open our door to the outside world in order to learn the advanced science and technology from other countries．So long as we adhere to the reform and open policy, we will be able to build our country into a strong socialist country．同等学历（在职硕士）英语水平统一考试翻译1996年真题在过去的几十年里，可能没有任何话题比领导艺术更受到管理研究者的关注，在管理人员的培训和开发方面，领导艺术也是最热闹的话题之一。

自考英语二课文译文习题 Unit 11

11-A. Sacrificed to Science?A为科学而献身？Professor Colin Blakemore works at Oxford University Medical School doing research into eye problems and believes that animal research has given humans many benefits: 科林·布莱克默教授在牛津大学医学院做眼科研究工作，他相信对动物的研究会给人类带来很多好处：The use of animals has been central to the development of anaesthetics, vaccines and treatments for diabetes, cancer, developmental disorders...most of the major medical advances have been based on a background of animal research and development.使用动物对于麻醉学和疫苗的发展，对糖尿病、癌症和发育紊乱的治疗等等都极为重要的意义。

大多数重大的医疗发展都建立在对动物的研究和开发的背景上。

There are those who think the tests are simply unnecessary. The International Association Against Painful Experiments on Animals is an organization that promotes the use of alternative methods of research which do not make animals suffer. Their spokesman Colin Smith says: 有些人认为这些试验是毫无必要的。

2011年中国石油大学(华东)英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2011年中国石油大学（华东）英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 词语翻译 2. 英汉互译词语翻译英译汉1．prospective translation正确答案：前瞻式翻译2．over translation正确答案：过译3．NATO正确答案：(North Atlantic Treaty Organization)北大西洋公约组织4．UNCED正确答案：(United Nations Conference on Environment and Development)联合国环境与发展会议5．IMF正确答案：(International Monetary Fund)国际货币基金组织6．NPT正确答案：(Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty)不扩散核武器条约7．Ad Hoc Working Group正确答案：特设工作组8．webmercial正确答案：网络营销9．cyberspace正确答案：网络空间10．E-book正确答案：电子书11．antidumping正确答案：反倾销12．agroecosystem正确答案：农业生态系统13．IN WITNESS WHEREOF 正确答案：以资证明14．offshore drilling正确答案：海上钻井15．oil trap正确答案：油圈闭汉译英16．石油禁运正确答案：oil embargo17．石油加工产品正确答案：refinery products 18．博鳌亚洲经济论坛正确答案：Boao Forum for Asia 19．石油输出国组织正确答案：Organization for Petroleum Exporting Countries20．双向收费正确答案：two-way charge system21．压轴好戏正确答案：best finale22．合作共赢正确答案：win-win cooperation23．劳动密集型产业正确答案：labor-intensive industries24．示范工程正确答案：demonstration project25．政企分开正确答案：separate government functions from enterprise management 26．速成班正确答案：crash course27．安全押金正确答案：security deposit28．市场导向的就业机制正确答案：market-oriented employment mechanisms29．与国际接轨正确答案：acting on international convention30．仲裁机构正确答案：arbitration institution英汉互译英译汉31．The beauty of our country—or at least all of it south of the Highlands —is as hard to define as it is easy to enjoy. Remembering other and larger countries, we see at once that one of its charms is that it is immensely varied within a small compass. We have here no vast mountain ranges, no illimitable plains, no leagues of forests, and are deprived of the grandeur that may accompany these things. But we have superb variety. A great deal of everything is packed into little space. I suspect that we are always faintly conscious of the fact that this is a smallish island, with the sea always round the comer. We know that everything has to be neatly packed into a small space. Nature, we feel, has carefully adjusted things—mountains, plains, rivers, lakes—to the scale of the island itself. A mountain 12,000 feet high would be a horrible monster here, as wrong as a plain 400 miles long, a river as broad as the Mississippi. In America the whole scale is too big, except for aviators. There is always too much of everything. There you find yourself in a region that is all mountains, then in another region that is merely part of one colossal plain. You can spend a long, hard day in the Rockies simple traveling up or down one valley. You can wander across prairie country that has the desolating immensity of the ocean. Everything is too big; there is too much of it.正确答案：我国之美，至少在高地以南的所有地方的美，难以形容却又易于领略。

2011 IMAS_初中第二轮简体中文试题

国际中小学数学能力检测I n t e r n a t i o n a l M a t h e m a t i c s A s s e s s m e n t s f o r S c h o o l s2011初中组第二轮检测试题考试时间：120分钟姓名: 准考证号码:得分:─────────────────────────────────────────────────2011初中组第二轮检测─────────────────────────────────────────────────1-5题，每题4分1. 2012年元旦某城市举办新年庆祝晚会，江边一座宣传霓虹灯上的“2012”如图所示。

从对岸看，请问它在水中倒影所显示的数是什么？（A ）2102 （B ）5015 （C ）5105 （D ）5012 （E ）2015答：───────────────────────────────────────────────── 2. 中华中学在100年校庆时举办班际篮球比赛。

假设在这次比赛中，每支队伍都先进行了3场比赛后，淘汰六支队伍，剩下的队伍再进行单循环赛。

所有的参赛队伍共进行了33场比赛。

请问总共有多少支队伍参加这次比赛？（A ）16 （B ）23 （C ）24 （D ）12 （E ）26 答：───────────────────────────────────────────────── 3. 有四位小朋友，其中每三位小朋友的岁数之和分别为22、20、17、25，请问这四位小朋友中年龄最大的比年龄最小的大多少岁？（A ）4 （B ）5 （C ）6 （D ）7 （E ）8 答：───────────────────────────────────────────────── 4. 有一个矩形ABCD ，点E 在DC 的延长线上，点F是BC 与AE 的交点，如图所示。

有甲、乙、丙三只蚂蚁都从A 点出发，甲蚂蚁沿着A -B-F -C 的路径爬行，乙蚂蚁沿着A -F -E-C -D 的路径爬行，丙蚂蚁沿着A -F -C -D 的路径爬行。

2011年11月翻译资格考试二级英语笔译实务真题及答案

2011年11月翻译资格考试二级英语笔译实务真题及答案第一部分英译汉试题一Study Finds Hope in Saving Saltwater FishCan we have our fish and eat it too? An unusual collaboration of marine ecologists and fisheries management scientists says the answer may be yes.In a research paper in Friday‟s issue of the journal Science, the two groups, long at odds with each other, offer a global assessment of the world‟s saltwater fish and their environments.Their conclusions are at once gloomy — overfishing continues to threaten many species — and upbeat: a combination of steps can turn things around. But because antagonism between ecologists and fisheries management experts has been intense, many familiar with the study say the most important factor is that it was done at all.They say they hope the study will inspire similar collaborations between scientists whose focus is safely exploiting specific natural resources and those interested mainly in conserving them.“We need to merge those two communities,” said Steve Murawski, chief fis heries scientist for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. “This paper starts to bridge that gap.”The collaboration began in 2006 when Boris Worm, a marine ecologist at Dalhousie University in Halifax, Nova Scotia, and other scientists made an alarming prediction: if current trends continue, by 2048 overfishing will have destroyed most commercially important populations of saltwater fish. Ecologists applauded the work. But among fisheries management scientists, reactions ranged from skepticism to fury over what many called an alarmist report.Among the most prominent critics was Ray Hilborn, a professor of aquatic and fishery sciences at the University of Washington in Seattle. Yet the disagreement did not play out in typical scientific fashion wi th, as Dr. Hilborn put it, “researchers firing critical papers back and forth.” Instead, he and Dr. Worm found themselves debating the issue on National Public Radio.“We started talking and found more common ground than we had expected,” Dr. Worm said. D r. Hilborn recalled thinking that Dr. Worm “actually seemed like a reasonable person.”The two decided to work together on the issue. They sought and received financing and began organizing workshops at the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, an organization sponsored by the National Science Foundation and based at the University of California, Santa Barbara.At first, Dr. Hilborn said in an interview, “the fisheries management people would go to lunch and the marine ecologists would go to lunch” — separately. But soon they were collecting and sharing data and recruiting more colleagues to analyze it.Dr. Hilborn said he and Dr. Worm now understood why the ecologists and the management scientists disagreed so sharply in the first place. For one thing, he said, as long as a fish species was sustaining itself, management scientists were relatively untroubled if its abundance fell to only 40 or 50 percent of what it might otherwise be. Yet to ecologists, he said, such a stock would be chara cterized as “depleted” —“a very pejorative word.”In the end, the scientists concluded that 63 percent of saltwater fish stocks had been depleted “below what we think of as a target range,” Dr. Worm said.But they also agreed that fish in well-managed areas, including the United States, were recovering or doing well. They wrote that management techniques like closing some areas to fishing, restricting the use of certain fishing gear or allocating shares of the catch to individualfishermen, communities or others could allow depleted fish stocks to rebound.The researchers suggest that a calculation of how many fish in a given species can be caught in a given region without threatening the stock, called maximum sustainable yield, is less useful than a standard that takes into account the health of the wider marine environment. They also agreed that solutions did not lie only in management techniques but also in the political will to apply them, even if they initially caused economic disruption.Because the new paper represents the views of both camps, its conclusions are likely to be influential, Dr. Murawski said. “Getting a strong statement from those communities that there is more to agree on than to disagree on builds confidence,” he said.At a news conference on Wednesday, Dr. Worm said he hoped to be alive in 2048, when he would turn 79. If he is, he said, “I will be hosting a seafood party —at least I hope so.”参考译文：渔业发展能否做到“鱼与熊掌”兼得?海洋生态学家与渔业管理学家之间进行的非同寻常的合作表明，二者或可兼得。

西北大学2011年翻译硕士考研真题及答案

西北大学2011年翻译硕士考研真题及答案历年真题是最权威的，最直接了解各专业考研的复习资料，考生要重视和挖掘其潜在价值，尤其是现在正是冲刺复习阶段，模拟题和真题大家都要多练多总结，下面分享西北大学2011年翻译硕士考研真题及答案，方便考生使用。

西北大学2011年翻译硕士考研真题及答案I. Phrase Translation1、APEC：亚太经济合作组织(Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation)2、CNN: 美国有线电视新闻网(Cable News Network)3、CEO: 首席执行官(Chief Executive Officer)4、GDP: 国内生产总值(Gross Domestic Product)5、NBA: 美国职业篮球联赛(National Basketball Association)6、FBI: 美国联邦调查局(Federal Bureau of Investigation)7、GPS: 全球定位系统(Global Positioning System)8、IT: 信息技术(Information Technology)9、NATO: 北大西洋公约组织(North Atlantic Treaty Organization)10、International Monetary Fund: 国际货币基金会11、most favored nations: 最惠国待遇12、Intellectual Property Rights: 知识产权13、foreign exchange reserve: 外汇储备14、European Free Trade Association: 欧洲自由贸易联盟; 欧洲自由贸易协会15、International Atomic Energy Agency: 国际原子能机构16、唐三彩：tri-coloured glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty17、一丘之貉：to be tarred with the same brush; Birds of a feather (flock together)18、现货交易: spot transactions ; spot trading19、不正之风: bad/harmful practice; unhealthy tendency20、贸易摩擦: trade friction21、进口配额: import quota22、转口贸易: Entrepot Trade; intermediary trade; Re-Export Trade23、花言巧语: sweet words; sweet talking (guy); smooth (talker)24、三纲五常: principles of feudal moral conduct; the three cardinal guides and the five constant virtues as specified in the feudal ethical code25、随波逐流: to go with the flow26、招商会: investment fair27、风险基金: venture capital funds28、发号施令：Issue orders29、丝绸之路：the Silk Road30、亡羊补牢：It’s never too late to do sth. / Better late than never.II. Passage translationSection A English to ChineseThe high grey-flannel fog of winter closed off the Salinas Valley from the sky and from all the rest of the world. On every side it sat like a lid on the mountains and made of the great valley a closed pot. On the broad, level land floor the gang plows bit deep and left the black earth shining like metal where the shares had cut. On the foothill ranches across the Salinas River, the yellow stubble fields seemed to be bathed in pale cold sunshine, but there was no sunshine in the valley now in December. The thick willow scrub along the river flamed with sharp and positive yellow leaves.It was a time of quiet and of waiting. The air was cold and tender. A light wind blew up from the southwest so that the farmers were mildly hopeful of a good rain before long; but fog and rain do not go together.Across the river, on Henry Allen’s foothill ranch there was little work to be done, for the hay was cut and stored and the orchards were plowed up to receive the rain deeply when it should come. The cattle on the higher slopes were becoming shaggy and rough-coated.Elisa Allen, working in her flower garden, looked down across the yard and saw Henry, her husband, talking to two men in business suits. The three of them stood by the tractor shed, each man with one foot on the side of the little Fordson. They smoked cigarettes and studied the machine as they talked.Elisa watched them for a moment and then went back to her work. She was thirty-five. Her face was lean and strong and her eyes were as clear as water. Her figure looked blocked and heavy in her gardening costume, a man’s black hat pulled low down over her eyes, clod-hopper shoes, a figured print dress almost completely covered by a big corduroy apron with four big pockets to hold the snips, the trowel and scratcher, the seeds and the knife she worked with. She wore heavy leather gloves to protect her hands while she worked.参考译文：飘荡在半空中的冬雾呈现出灰法兰绒色，将萨利纳斯山谷严实地罩了起来;同时也把它与外界分隔开。

IChOLand 11-02-答案

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ω2 = 25.75%

2011年暨南大学翻译硕士真题--翻译硕士英语

大家论坛翻译硕士版块
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大家论坛翻译硕士版块 A. accomplished C. while accomplished 21. My husband suggested favored Hawaii. A. going; to visit C. to go; visiting 22.
大家论坛翻译硕士版块
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大家论坛翻译硕士版块 /forum-1336-1.html 9. I'll appreciate your effort to promote the sale in your market on commission basis. A. atrocious B. strenuous C. effusive D. evocative 10. Although they plant trees in this area year in and year out, the tops of some hills are still . A. bare B. vacant C. blank D. hollow 11. The price of beer from 50 cents to $4 per liter during the summer season. A. wandered B. covered C. overwhelmed D. ranged 12. The present leaders have to decide whether to stand down and to a younger generation. A. hand out B. hand in C. hand over D. hand down 13. She's completely homeless; at least I have my parents to . A. fall behind with B. fall in with C. fall down on D. fall back on 14. If you someone or something, you like them, especially after knowing them or thinking about them for only a short time. A. take after B. take to C. take in D. take for 15. The students new proposals on the running of the college to the College Education Committee. A. put forward B. put through C. put forth D. put out 16. He is a skilled worker from his job in Ford Company. A. laid down B. laid out C. laid off D. laid aside 17. The judge wouldn't have him so easily if it hadn't been a first offence. A. got…through B. got…back C. got…off D. got…in 18. In no country Britain, it has been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day. A. other than B. more than C. rather than D. better than 19. I hope all the precautions against air pollution, suggested by the local government, will be seriously considered here. A. which B. as C. what D. whereas 20. The project, by the end of 2020, will expand the city’s telephone network to cover10 million users.

高译教育-华南理工大学考研英语翻译基础真题2011

高译教育 - 华南理工大学考研英语翻译基础真题2011一、词汇翻译（30 分）1.OPEC2.Venture Capital3.BRIC4.fixed asset5.MPA6.Value Added Tax7.CIA8.Kyoto Protocol9.NASA10.cast pearls before a swine11.UNESCO12.IOC13.Silicon Valley14.trade surplus15.carbon footprint16.财政收入17.义务教育18.森林覆盖率19.社保体系20.基础设施建设21.访问学者22.外交豁免权23.恶性循环24.流动人口25.不可再生资源26.中介服务27.实况转播28.不良贷款29.可持续发展战略30.多元文化社会2、篇章翻译（120 分）Text AIn the first place, if people are to live happily together, they must not fancy, because they are thrown together now, that all their lives have been exactly similar up to the present time, that they started exactly alike, and that they are to be for the future of the same mind. A thorough conviction of the difference of men is the great thing to be assured of in social knowledge: it is to life whatNewton‟s law is to astronomy. Sometimes men have knowledge of it with regard to the world in general: they do not expect the outer world to agree with them in all points, but are vexed at not being able to drive their own tastes and opinions into those they live with. Diversities distress them. They will not see that there are many forms of virtue and wisdom.Many of the rules for people living together in peace follow from the above. For instance, not to interfere unreasonable with others, not to ridicule their tastes, not to question and requestion their resolves, not to indulge in perpetual comment on their proceedings, and to delight in their having other pursuits than ours, are all based upon a thorough perception of the simple fact that they are not we.If you would be loved as a companion, avoid unnecessary criticism upon those with whom you live. The number of people who have taken out judge‟s patents for themselves is very large in any society. Now it would be hard for a man to live with another who was always criticising his actions, even if it were kindly and just criticism. It would be like living between the glasses of a microscope.Text B一条浩浩荡荡的长江大河，有时流到很宽阔的境界，平原无际，一泻万里。