2020届高考英语重点句型——同位语从句专项练习(知识点+习题解析)

英语句型同位语从句专项练习（知识点+习题解析）

定义：同位语表示与之同位的名词(短语)的实际内容，对前面的名词(短语)加以补充说明或进一步解释。

Definition：An appositive clause explains a noun, or shows the meaning of

a noun.

例句：

1．The suggestion that we should develop the natural resources in the region has been discussed.

关于我们应该开发本地区资源的建议已经讨论过了。

2．The idea that we asked Mike to come yesterday is quite good.

昨天我们请迈克来，这个主意太好了。

3．The fact that the earth moves around the sun is known to all.

地球围绕太阳转，这个事实人人皆知。

4．We have a doubt whether it is true.

我们怀疑那是不是真的。

5．The text tells us a fact that smoking does great harm to people's health .

这篇课文又告诉我们一个事实，吸烟对健康危害很大。

6．The idea that he we could ask the teacher for advice is wonderful.

我们可以向老师请教，这个主意不错。

同位语从句的连接词

1.引导同位语从句的连接词最常见的是that。

2. 连接词when, where, why, whether, how 等也可引导同位语从句。

例如：

Have you any idea how fast sound travels? 你知道声音传播有多快吗？

This is some doubt whether he will come. 他是否会来还不一定呢。

He had no idea why she left. 他完全不明白她为什么会离开。

3. 同位语从句中常见的先行词

idea, situation thought, fact, evidence, belief, doubt, fear, hope, question, theory, news, order, 等等。

注意：同位语从句和定语从句的区别

1. 修饰的词不同。同位语从句前的先行词比较有限，且大部分都是抽象名词；定语从句的先行词可以是比较复杂的内容，可以即包括人又包括物。

2. 从句的作用不同。同位语从句是用来解释前面的名词的，而定语从句则是修饰的作用。

3. 关系词的作用不同。同位语从句中that 是连词，不充当任何成分，但是不能省略。而定语从句中that 是充当一定成分的，在某些情形下是可以省略的。

翻译示例：

Many people have stopped buying it, ______________（尽管一再保证这种产品是安全的）.

1. 介词短语作状语：所以前半部分作句子的状语

2. 尽管可以用一个介词短语，despite，后面应该接名词短语

3. 同位语从句：assurance后面接一个同位语从句对“保证”进行说明。

答案：despite repeated assurances that the product is safe

实战演练：

1. They received orders ___________ the work be done right away.

A. which

B. that

C. where

D. when

2. The news ___________ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly.

A. when

B. what

C. why

D. that

3. Information has been put forward _________ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.

A. while

B. as

C. when

D. that

4. Three days later, word came ________our country had sent up another man-made satellite.

A. which

B. when

C. that

D. where

5. Along with the letter was his promise __________ he would visit me this coming Christmas.

A. which

B. that

C. what

D. whether

6. The reason __________the little actress has been such a success is __________she is both clever and hard-working.

A. why, why

B. why, that

C. that, because

D. for, because