2014年宁波大学教师教育学院837英语教学论[专业硕士]考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2011年宁波大学教师教育学院840英语教学论[专业硕士]考研真题【圣才出品】
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2011年宁波大学教师教育学院840英语教学论[专业硕士]考研真题
考试科目：英语教学论(A卷)
考码：840
专业名称：教育硕士学科教学(英语)
1.任务型教学、探究式学习和合作学习是《英语课程标准》教学要求下的三种教学方式，请你谈谈对任务型教学的理解。
（25分）
2.请你结合词汇教学理念，谈谈教师怎样才能帮助学生提高词汇学习。
（30分）
3.人们越来越意识到学习策略与学生学习有很大的关联性。
你认为影响学生学习的策略主要有哪些并提出一些有助于培养学生学习策略的活动。
（30分）
4.《英语课程标准》指出评价应采用形成性评价和总结性评价相结合的方式，论述在教学中应如何发挥其形成性评价和总结性评价的作用（25分〉
5.请你以下列内容写一份教学设计，中英文皆可。
新词汇包括：catching butterflies, picking up leaves,taking pictures,watching insects and doing experiment。
句型包括：What is he/she doing?，He/she is...要求体现任务型教学理念。
（选自Unit6A Field Trip Let’s learn PEP小学英语五年级下册）（40分）。
宁波大学833教育管理2014-2020年(缺2015)考研专业课真题试卷
宁波大学2020年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题(B 卷)
(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)
第 1 页 共 1 页科目代码： 833总分值： 150科目名称：教育管理
一、
简答：每题15分，共90分
1．试分析领导和管理的区别。
2．教育管理活动与其他管理活动相比，其独特性表现在哪些方面？
3．如何理解区域教育教学质量评价指标体系的构建原则？
4．试分析学生常规管理的内容。
5．试说明教师培训的基本方法。
6．怎样理解学校中的非正式组织？
二、论述：每题30分，共60分
1．请就你阅读过的一本现代教育管理的学术著作做简要介绍。
2．请针对近年来我国教育管理体制（或者学校管理体制）改革进行分析和评价。
宁波大学翻译硕士英语学位MTI考试真题2014年
宁波大学翻译硕士英语学位MTI考试真题2014年(总分：150.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Ⅰ. Translate the following two passages into English:(总题数：2，分数：75.00)1.如果说“义”代表一种伦理的人生态度，“利”代表一种功利的人生态度，那么，我所说的“情”便代表一种审美的人生态度。
它主张率性而行，适情而止，每个人都保持自己的真性情。
你不是你所信奉的教义，也不是你所占有的物品，你之为你仅在于你的真实“自我”。
生命的意义不在奉献或占有，而在创造，创造就是人的真性情的积极展开，是人在实现其本质力量时所获得的情感上的满足。
创造不同于奉献，奉献只是完成外在的责任，创造却是实现真实的“自我”。
至于创造和占有，其差别更是一目了然，譬如写作，占有注重的是作品所带来的名利地位，创造注重的只是创作本身的快乐。
有真性情的人，与人相处唯求情感的沟通，与物相触独钟情趣的品味。
更为可贵的是，在世人匆忙逐利又为利所逐的时代，他接人待物有一种闲适之情。
我不是指中国士大夫式的闲情逸致，也不是指小农式的知足保守，而是指一种不为利驱、不为物役的淡泊的生活情怀。
仍以写作为例，我想不通，一个人何必要著作等身呢?倘想流芳千古，一首不朽的小诗足矣。
倘无此奢求，则只要活得自在即可，写作也不过是这活得自在的一种方式罢了。
（分数：40.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：()解析：If to be righteousness is said to be an ethical way of life and to seek interests is an utilitarian one, to keep your temperament, in my opinion, is an aesthetic way of life. It advocates doing everything at will and everyone should maintain his natural temperament. You are neither dependent on the doctrine nor the possession, but on your true self. The meaning of life lies neither in contribution nor possession but creation. To create is to develop actively your true temperament and give you a feeling of satisfaction after your inner power is released. Different from contribution which is made to shoulder responsibility, creation intends to help you fulfill your true self. And creation is distinct from possession. Take writing as an example, to write to possess is to get the fame and status while to write to create is to get the pleasure of writing itself. The person who has natural temperament would like to seek emotional communication when dealing with others, with a focus on the taste of appeal when possession is concerned. More importantly, when others are chasing interests, he can feel leisurely comfortable towards the outer world. I don"t mean the insouciance of those intellectuals and officials in the feudal China or the innate conservatism of the peasant, but a sentiment of being free of material. As for writing again, I do not understand why a writer should be prolific? A short poet is enough for you to be well-known for eternity. If you don"t care about that, you can just take writing as a way of getting leisure. [解析]如果说“义”代表一种伦理的人生态度，“利”代表一种功利的人生态度，那么。
宁波大学832教育管理学2014-2019年考研专业课真题试卷
宁波大学2019年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题(A 卷)
(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)
第 1 页 共 2 页科目代码： 824总分值：
150科目名称：教育管理学
一、名词解释（每题5分，共30分）
1.教育管理
2.教育行政管理体制
3.学校组织结构
4.学校章程
5.项目管理
6.教育经费弹性系数
二、简答题（每题8分，共40分）
1.人本管理理论的主要观点
2.教育行政管理体制的主要功能
3.学校组织结构设计的基本原则
4.教育决策的类型
5.教育评价的主要功能
三、论述题（每题20分，共60分）
1.教育管理过程的一般特点和独特性包括哪些？
2.如何进一步完善中小学校长负责制？
3.激励由哪些要素构成？如何在学校管理中做到有效性激励与公平性激励？
四、案例分析题（20分）
H 中学新任的王校长上任第二天，就树理想、增自信、多积善、养良习等作了热情洋溢的讲话，同时鼓励大家为学校发展献计献策，多写信投校长信箱，多作沟通，表示会虚心听取，及时回复。
一连几周，校长很少在办公室待着，足迹遍布校园的各个角落。
他听教师谈看法，嘘寒问暖；找学生听心声，慈善关爱；校道上捡垃圾，草坪上修树枝，赢得了师生的一片赞叹。
他言出必行，每天回复学生来信，让学生深受感动，深受学生爱戴。
之后，王校长指示校团委发出“弯腰工程”的倡议书，号召全校学生积极投身“拾起垃圾，养成美德”、“爱我校园，洁我心灵”的活动，有效遏制了学生乱扔垃圾的势头。
学校在后来县卫生检查评比中被授予。
宁波大学837英语教学论2020年考研专业课真题
1. What are the roles of the interactive teachers? (15 points) 2. What are the advantages of group work for language learning (15 points) 3. What features of conversation should be focused on in classroom teaching? (20 points)
宁波大学 2020 年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题(A 卷)
(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)
科目代码： 837 总分值： 150 科目名称：
英语教学论
I Please answer the following questions (60 points )
1. What are the strategies for learners to be willing to communicate in class? (10 points) 2. What are the general teaching implications from the perspective of interlanguage? (10 points) 3. What are the strategies for creating a positive language class climate? (10 points) 4. What is theme-based language instruction? (10 points) 5. What are the strategies for distinguishing between literal and implied meanings in reading? (10 points) 6. What are the strategies for extensive reading? (10 points)
2015年宁波大学教师教育学院837英语教学论[专业硕士]考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
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2015年宁波大学教师教育学院837英语教学论[专业硕士]考研真题及详解考试科目：英语教学论科目代码：837适用专业：学科教学(英语)1.Traditional language teaching methods and communicative language teachingapproach:dichotomy or continuum?(20points)【答案】(1)Nowadays more and more language teaching researchers and practitioners aretrying to find the perfect teaching method,however,it is clear that there is no such perfect teaching method and the best teaching method is the method that is most suitable for specific teaching objectives and specific learners.Besides, there should be a balance between traditional language teaching method and other modern teaching method like communicative language teaching approach.In my opinion,the traditional language teaching method and communicative language teaching method is not a dichotomy,but a continuum.(2)Traditional language teaching methods such as grammar-translation methodare mainly based on the structural view of language,that is,language is a system of structurally related elements for the transmission of meaning,so the target of learning language is the mastery of elements of this system such as phonemes,phrases,clauses,sentences,function words and structure words.Sotheir focus is on the language form and basic linguistic competence and that is why most learners of traditional teaching method have such a good command of grammar and vocabulary.(3)Communicative language teaching method,on the other hand,is based on thefunctional view of language,that is,language is a vehicle for the expression of functional meaning.The functional view not only sees language as a linguistic system but also a means for doing things.The semantic and communicative dimensions of language are more emphasized than the grammatical characteristics.Besides,based on this view,the target of language learning is to learn to express communication functions and categories of meaning.(4)According to the analysis above,it can found that though theses two kinds oflanguage teaching methods vary in the view of language,but the communicative language teaching method can be seen as the further development and complement of the traditional methods.It tries to overcome the deficits of the traditional methods and on the basis of traditional method,it goes further to focus on meaning and function as well as language form.Therefore,they can be seen as a continuum.【解析】首先表明自己的观点，然后分别阐述两类教学法各自的理论基础和特点，以此为出发点，给出自己对二者关系判断的依据即可。
2010年宁波大学教师教育学院840英语教学论[专业硕士]考研真题【圣才出品】
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2010年宁波大学教师教育学院840英语教学论[专业硕士]考研真题考试科目：英语教学论(A卷)考码：840专业名称：教育硕士学科教学(英语)1.学习是顺应当前教育理念而提出的教学方式。
谈谈你对合作学习的理解。
(20分)2.《语课程标准》明确提出要注重形成性评价对学生发展的作用。
你认为在具体教学中应如何实施形成性评价。
(20分)3.谈谈如何运用任务型教学的相关原理，在一堂以相互介绍为主题的口语教学中开展任务型教学。
(30分)4.据学生中心原则为初二学生设计一个阅读活动。
阅读内容(选自《英语》(新目标)(初二下Unit9)(30分)Have you ever been to Singapore?Have you ever been to Singapore?For many Chinese tourists,this small island in Southeast Asia is a wonderful place to take a holiday.On the one hand,more than three quarters of the population are Chinese,so you can simply speak Putonghua a lot of time.On the other hand,Singapore is an English-speakingcountry,so it’s also a good place to practice your English.Have you ever tried Chinese food outside of China?Maybe you fear that you won’t be able to find anything to eat in a foreign country.In Singapore,however, you’ll find a lot of food from China,you won’t have any problem finding rice, noodles,or dumplings.If you’re feeling brave,Singapore is an excellent place to try new food.Whether you like Indian food,western food,or Japanese food,you’ll find it all in Singapore!Most large cities have zoos,but have you ever been to a zoo at night? Singapore has a night zoo called the“Night Safari”.It might seem strange to go to a zoo when it’s dark.But if you’ve ever been to a zoo during the daytime,you might understand why this zoo is so special.A lot of animals only wake up at night, so this is the best time to watch them.If you go to see lions,tigers,or foxes during the daytime,they’ll probably be asleep!At the Night Safari,you can watch these animals in a more natural environment than a normal zoo.One great thing about Singapore is that the temperature is almost the same all year round.This is because the island is so close to the equator.So you can choose to go whenever you like spring,summer,autumn,or winter!And,of course,it’s not too far from China!5.请你为以下图片进行一课时的教学设计(选自《英语》(新目标)(初二上Unit1))，中英文皆可(50分)。
宁波大学教育学考研真题试题2009年—2018年(缺13、14)
宁波大学2015 年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题(A卷)(答案必须写在答题纸上)考试科目: 教育学科目代码：632适用专业: 教育经济与管理一、简要回答问题，并阐明观点（每题10分，共80分）1、文化知识为什么对人的发展非常重要？（10分）2、简述教育具有什么样的社会变迁功能？（10分）3、简述什么是以人为本的教育观？（10分）4、当前我国教育公平面临的主要挑战是什么？（10分）5、简述“应然的教育目的”与“实然的教育目的”的含义其及关系。
（10分）6、有人认为，“没有教不会的学生，只有不会教的老师”，请对这一观点做简要评述。
（10分）7、简述教育与人口结构的关系。
（10分）8、有研究机构调查了恢复高考以来的3300名高考状元，发现没有一位成为行业领袖。
请你从学校教育究竟应培养一流“考生”还是应培养一流的“学生”这一角度对这一研究结论作简要评述。
（10分）二、论述题（第1题30分，第2题40分，共70分）1、人性的构成一般包含哪些方面，联系实际谈谈人的可教性。
（30分）2、结合我国的基本国情，分析“把教育摆在优先发展的战略地位”的意义及要求。
（40分）第 1 页共 1 页宁波大学2016年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题(B卷)(答案必须写在答题纸上)考试科目:教育学科目代码：632适用专业:教育经济与管理一、简答（80分）1、简述教育与人口质量的关系。
（10分）2、简述教育对政治的反作用。
（10分）3、后天因素对个体发展的影响有哪些表现？（10分）4、简述教育的社会制约性。
（10分）5、简述罗杰斯人本主义学习理论基本观点。
（10分）6、怎样认识人的可教性？（10分）7、简述教育与社会发展间的规律性联系。
（10分）8、简述人体成熟的一般规律。
（10分）二、论述题（70分）1、什么是发现学习？布鲁纳为何提倡发现学习？（30分）2、什么是现代人？如何理解培养现代人首先需要教育观念的现代化。
（40分）第1页共1页宁波大学2017年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题(A卷)(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码:632科目名称：教育学适用专业:教育经济与管理一、简答题：本大题共8小题，每小题10分，共80分。
宁波大学基础英语考研真题试题2009 、2010、2012、2016年—2019年
考试科目:基础英语科目代码：661适用专业:英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学、翻译学第2页共8页12.Piquette must have been seventeen then,although she looked about twenty.I stared at her,astounded that anyone could have changed so much.A.overwhelmed B.greatly surprised C.worried D.frightened13.Hitler’s blood lust and the hateful appetites have impelled him on his Russian adventure.A.ambition B.stomach C.belly D.intestines14.Burne-Wilke’s cabin had the dark,warm,comfortable look of a library den.“I say,Henry,what is your position on shipboard drinking?I have a fair bottle of cherry here.”A.much-contented B.just C.nice D.beautiful15.No one would anticipate that my case would snowball into one of the most famous trials in history.A.evolve B.run C.develop D.roll16.Mr.President,I second the proposal!(A silence;Hancock swats a fly.)A.succeed B.propose C.support D.stand17.The house detective’s gaze moved on to sweep the spacious,well-appointed room.A.clean B.mop C.clear D.examine18.They rise out of the earth,they sweat and starve for a few years,and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard.A.work hard B.feel hot C.fall ill D.feel hungry19.Sitting in her chair,she clasped her hands in order to conceal their trembling.A.pretend B.uncover C.prevent D.disguise20.I have sworn before you and Almighty God the same solemn oath our forebears prescribed nearly a century and three-quarters ago.A.imposed B.described C.inscribed D.subscribedSection B.Lexical interpretation.There are ten words or phrases underlined in the following sentences.You are required to use other English words or phrases to explain them with the meanings that best suit those sentences (1×10points).For example:Johnny Carson has much to do to keep up with my quick and witty tongue.Answer:great eloquence1.Quickly the trickle becomes a flood of glistening linseed oil as the beam sinks earthwards,taut and protesting.2.I went back to my room with a heavy heart.I had gravely underestimated the size of my task.3.Here you can find beautiful pots and bowls engraved with delicate and intricate traditional designs,or the simple,everyday kitchenware used in this country.考试科目:基础英语科目代码：661适用专业:英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学、翻译学第3页共8页4.Barring the catastrophe of nuclear war,it will continue to shape both modern culture and the consciousness of those who inhabit that culture.5.The Nazi regime excels all forms of human wickedness in the efficiency of its cruelty and ferocious aggression.6.It was familiar ground;boy and man,I had been through it often before.But somehow I had never quite sensed its appalling desolation.7.This is a war in which the whole nation is engaged without distinction of race,creed,or party.8.Ever-increasing production,the drive to make bigger and better things,have become aims in themselves,new ideals.Work has become alienated from the working person.9.I have sworn before you and Almighty God the same solemn oath our forebears prescribed nearly a century and three-quarters ago.10.What they had wanted was an America more sensitive to art and culture,less avid for material gain.II.Cloze (20points)Directions:There are twenty blanks in the following passage.You are required to fill the words or phrases in them that best complete the passage to make a smooth and logical reading semantically,syntactically and textually.The words that you use to fill in the blanks can be any that you think are suitable and able to make the passage smooth in meaning and grammar.Radical feminists,however,remained hostile to the temptations of consumer capitalism.Drawing inspiration from the civil rights slogan “The Personal is Political,”movement activists (1)_______as Casey Hayden and Mary King began (2)_______organize women against the male domination (3)_______SNCC (Students for a Democratic Society),and (4)_______groups.Despite the radical community’s support (5)_______equal rights,they asserted,New Left men reflected the establishment culture by assigning women office duties (6)_______other minor tasks.Feminists also complained (7)_______the male-oriented sexual revolution degraded women (8)_______treating them (9)_______playthings and objects (10)_______conquests.While their male colleagues greeted their efforts with ridicule and open hostility,New Left women introduced “rap”sessions to share (11)_______complaints and address gender identity issues.(12)_______1968,200(13)_______feminists organized (14)_______first women’s liberation demonstration.Calling themselves the Women’s International Terrorist Conspiracy from Hell (WITCH),activists projected (15)_______“sexism”and capitalism’s “objectification”of women’s bodies.They picketed the Miss America Pageant and threw “instruments of torture”such as brassieres考试科目:基础英语科目代码：661适用专业:英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学、翻译学第4页共8页and high-heeled (16)_______into a “freedom trash can.”Feminists focused (17)_______women’s control of their (18)_______bodies with an agenda (19)_______included the right to legal abortions,distribution of birth control literature,and passage of tougher laws (20)_______rape and spousal abuse.III.Error Detection and Correction (20points)Directions:There are twenty-one errors in the following passage.You may detect and correct either twenty of them or more than that.When you get more than twenty correct answers,your scores will not surpass twenty.Remember to write your answers on the Answer Sheet.As a human beings,you have maintained across time a core sense of self,thanks in good part as memory.Nevertheless,the I that is you is daily modified by what you experience,by what you were learning and coming to know.Five year ago,you were not the same person you are today;ten years hence,you will not precisely the person you now are.As you are age,you steadily accumulate knowledge,some of it formally,some of it informally.Considering some of the things you know in present—about history,about people,about work,about etiquette,about science,about style.Then think about what you garnered that knowledge.Chances is that some of it you acquired formally in school:what you to know about the contribution of Ancient Greece of modern democracy,your understanding of photosynthesis or Euclidean geometry,you ability to differentiate satire from irony.Some things you may have learn through a combination of formally instruction,observation and practice:how to work successful in a group,how to wait on customers efficiently and courteously,how to apply brakes skillfully in traffics,how to cut food with a knife,what clothes to wear to the prom.And some knowledges you probable acquired almost exclusively from extended experience:what acquaintances to trust and not to trust,what writers and musicians appeal or do not appeal to you,what aptitudes your possess or lack for particular fields of study.(1)_______________(2)_______________(3)_______________(4)_______________(5)_______________(6)_______________(7)_______________(8)_______________(9)_______________(10)______________(11)______________(12)______________(13)______________(14)______________(15)______________(16)______________(17)______________(18)______________(19)______________(20)______________(21)______________考试科目:基础英语科目代码：661适用专业:英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学、翻译学第5页共8页IV.Sentence Paraphrase (10points)Directions:There are five long or difficult sentences underlined in the following passage.You are required to paraphrase them in your own words according to the context.Remember to write your answers on the Answer Sheet.(1)Britain’s merchant navy seldom grabs the headlines these days;it is almost a forgotten industry.Yet shipping is the essential lifeline for the nation’s economy.Ninety-nine per cent of our trade in and out of the country goes by ship—and over half of it in British ships.(2)Shipping is also a significant British success story.It earns over £1000million a year in foreign exchange earnings:without our merchant fleet,the balance of payments would be permanently in deficit,despite North Sea oil.But,today this vital British industry is more in peril than ever before.(3)On almost all the major sea routes of the world,the British fleet risks being elbowed out by stiff foreign competition.The threat comes from two main directions:from the Russians and the Eastern bloc countries (4)who are now in the middle of a massive expansion of their merchant navies,and carving their way into the international shipping trade by severely undercutting Western shipping companies;and from the merchant fleets of the developing nations,(5)who are bent on taking over the lion’s share of the trade between Europe and Africa,Asia and the Far East—routes in which Britain has a big stake.V.Reading Comprehension (30points)Directions:There are three sections in this item with a passage in each section.Section A requires you to read a passage and provide a brief answer to each of the given questions.Section B requires you to read and judge whether the relevant statements are true or false.Section C requires you to read and then write a summary of it.Remember to write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Section A.Read the following passage and provide a brief answer to the questions after the passage (2.5×4points).If someone says to you ‘Our car has broken down’,your reaction may simply be to feel sorry.For the linguist,though,even such a simple utterance calls for quite an elaborate explanation.As far as the meaning and the grammar of the sentence are concerned,a traditional description would try to paraphrase the meanings of the words used;it would analyze the clause pattern (here a simple combination of subject and verb or predicate),and would probably go on to discuss the use of the present perfect tense.Modern linguists have on the whole not been satisfied with the traditional explanation of grammatical structures and word meanings.Indeed much work in modern linguistics has been devoted to constructing rules that would produce our initial sentence,but would exclude sentences like We car has考试科目:基础英语科目代码：661适用专业:英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学、翻译学第6页共8页broken down or Our car has jumped up as not well-formed.The ultimate goal of this endeavor has been to establish a body of logical rules for generating the sentences of a language that are grammatically correct and semantically acceptable.For the individual words a set of ‘objective’semantic features has been proposed which would guarantee that the words are inserted appropriately into the grammatical structure.Thus the meaning of car would be described with the semantic features ‘inanimate’,‘concrete’,‘movable’and ‘self-propelled’.Assuming that the logical rules and objective semantic features which generate language are stored in our memory,it seems only natural to claim that they are of a mental nature.This approach is therefore also ‘cognitive’in the original sense of the word (i.e.‘related to knowledge’).However,it is not the kind of ‘cognitive linguistics’that our topic is about.To distinguish this approach from what we have in mind when we talk about ‘cognitive linguistics’,we will characterize it as the logical view in cognitive linguistics.As we understand the term,cognitive linguistics is today chiefly represented by the experiential view.Its main claim is that instead of postulating logical rules and objective definitions on the basis of theoretical considerations and introspection,a more practical and empirical path should be pursued.For example,one can ask language users to describe what is going on in their minds when they produce and understand words and sentences.As experiments have shown,people will not only state that a car has a box-like shape,that it has wheels,doors,and windows,that it is driven by an engine and equipped with a steering wheel,an accelerator and brakes,and that it has seats for the driver and the passengers.More likely than not,it will also be mentioned that a car is comfortable and fast,that it offers mobility,independence and perhaps social status.Some people may connect the notion of car with their first love affair,or with injury if they were once involved in an accident.1.What would a traditional linguist do with ‘Our car has broken down’?2.What would a modern linguist do with ‘Our car has broken down’?3.How is the logical view related to ‘cognitive linguistics’?4.What is the claim of the experiential view?Section B.Read the following passage and decide whether the statements after it are true or false (2.5×4points).It is strange and disturbing to watch the straight (i.e.,mainstream)community’s angry,sometimes violent reaction to the hippies.There are many reasons for this.The principal one is appearance.The hippies dress strangely.They dress this way because they have thrown a lot of middle-class notions out of the window and with them the most sensitive middle-class dogma:the neutral appearance.The straight world is a jungle of taboos,fears,and personality games.People in that jungle prey on each other mercilessly.Therefore,to survive in any jungle requires good protective coloring:the camouflage of respectable appearance.The anonymity of middle-class dress is like a flag of truce.It means (whether true or not):“I’m not one of the predators.”It is in the nature of an assurance of harmlessness.Unusual or bright-colored clothing then becomes an alarm,a danger signal to the fearful and their armed truce with the rest of mankind.They see it as a challenge.They are fearful,unsure of themselves,and fear sours into anger.It is but a step to thinking that the anger is “good.”The oldest fallacy in the world is that anything that makes you angry must be mad.考试科目:基础英语科目代码：661适用专业:英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学、翻译学第7页共8页The sin of the hippies is that they will not play the straight game of camouflage.Their non-participation,in effect,exposes them as another tribe,whose disregard of straight taboos of dress makes them seem to be capable of anything,and therefore a danger.That danger moreover is felt clear up to city hall,that shrine of Squaredom.Why else,I submit,does the Health Department of this city have such a tender solitude about the living conditions of human beings at the Haight when they have ignored the conditions at Hunter’s Point,the Mission and the Fillmore?Many people cannot understand the hippies’rejection of everything that is commonly expected of the individual in regard to employment and life goals:steady lucrative employment,and the accumulation through the years of possessions and money,building (always building)security for the future.It is precisely this security hypochondria,this checking of bank book rather than pulses,this worrying over budgets instead of medicine cabinets,that drive the youth of today away.It is this frantic concern with money that also drives the young into the Haight-Ashbury.They have seen their parents slave for years,wasting away a lifetime to make sure that the house was paid off,that the kids got through school in order to get “good”jobs so that they could join the frantic scramble,later on.The parents’reward for this struggle is that they wind up old and tired,alienated from their children,and just as often each parent from the other.1.The hippies dress strangely because they have defied the dressing values of the middle class.()2.For middle class,to survive in the straight world is to protect themselves by the camouflage of respectable appearance.()3.The hippies belong to another tribe of people because they have a different custom of dresses.()4.The hippies understand their parents struggling their way all their lives and sympathize them.()Section C.Read the following passage and then write a summary of it within 100words (1×10points).The vast majority of books on the English language take British English as their starting point.There are many reasons for this:British English is the old variety,and traditionally British English has enjoyed more prestige,at least in Europe and in former English colonies,than American English.Until not so long ago,American English was considered less educated,less cultured,less beautiful than British English.Teachers in many European countries were not allowed to have an American accent,and high-school students who returned from a year in the United States were sometimes punished with low grades by conservative teachers.This attitude seems mostly to have disappeared even if there are still traces of it.Another reason for the predominance of British English is simply one of publishing traditions:Britain has a long tradition of producing textbooks and dictionaries and of marketing them all over the world,whereas there have been relatively few American textbooks or dictionaries written for audiences worldwide.The result is a curious situation:The majority of the world’s native speakers of English are Americans,about 240million people.They make up the majority of the 400million native speakers,compared with about 57million speakers in Britain.They speak English with American pronunciation,vocabulary,and grammar.Much more American than British English is heard in films and on television,and more American English is used in international business,computing,and science.宁波大学2016年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题(A卷)(答案必须写在答题纸上)考试科目:基础英语科目代码：661适用专业:英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学、翻译学Yet the textbooks for non-native speakers that are used in schools in many countries are still mostly oriented toward British English,sometimes presenting American English as an aberration,often just in the form of a collection of words to learn.There are some useful books on American English,mostly designed for college or university use,that deal with vocabulary,spelling and pronunciation,but they usually give very little information concerning grammar or practical language use in the United States. Nor do they make any attempts to explain why there are differences between the two major varieties.SummaryVI.Writing(50points)Directions:Now in universities or colleges,some BA students want to work and earn money after graduation while other BA students plan to continue their education as MA students.The chief reasons for those BA students who intend to further their study can be either that it is hard to find a good job as BA students or that they love study and make greater contribution for their country.That is,the former read for MA just to get a higher degree so as to find a better job;the latter read for MA just to give a full expression to their academic ability and do research work.What is your purpose to read for MA?Or what kind of BA students do you belong to when you are taking this MA entrance exam?In the following topic of writing,please clarify your purpose to read for MA and give your reasons.You are suggested to make your argument in three major paragraphs with introduction,argumentation and conclusion in about400words.Remember to write your essay on the Answer Sheet.My Purpose to Read for MA科目代码:661科目名称：基础英语适用专业:英语语言文学外国语言学及应用语言学翻译学I.Vocabulary(30points)This part consists of two sections.Section ADirections:Choose one of the four alternatives which is closest in meaning to the underlined word or phrase and mark the corresponding letter.Please write your answers on the Answer Sheet.(1×20points).1.He avowed his commitment to those ideals.A.acknowledgedB.convertedC.conformedD.renounced2.The political dissident was accused of instigating a plot to overthrow the government.A.devisingB.supportingC.fundingD.provoking3.I wish you two would stop bickering.plaining B quarreling C.bargaining D murmuring4.The defendant is facing severe verdict despite the appeal for clemency by his lawyer.A.forgivingB.releaseC.leniencyD.impartiality5.The little boy listened,enthralled by the Captain’s story.A.fascinatedB.swindledC.shockedD.bored6.I was impressed by his expertise on landing craft.A.encouragementB.special skillC.shrewdnessD.eloquence7.Your action is a breach of our university regulations.A.observationB.violationC.creationD.attack8.Subsequent events vindicated his policy.A.predicateB.swingC.dilateD.verify9.Drug smuggling carries a mandatory death penalty in most countries in the world.A.impulsiveB.multicoloredC.obligatoryughable10.Morality,for him,was doing what is expedient.A.undesirableB.unavailable C advantageous D.inappropriate11.“The giant was big”is a tautological statement,to say the least.A.tightB.redundantC.illogicalD.relative科目代码:661科目名称：基础英语适用专业:英语语言文学外国语言学及应用语言学翻译学科目代码:661科目名称：基础英语适用专业:英语语言文学外国语言学及应用语言学翻译学科目代码:661科目名称：基础英语适用专业:英语语言文学外国语言学及应用语言学翻译学III.Error Detection and Correction(20points)Directions:There are twenty errors in the following passage.You should detect and correct all the errors.Please write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Marxist Criticism is a criticism based on the historical,economic,and sociology1 theory of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.According to Marxism,the conscious2of a given class in a given historical moment derives modes of material production.3The set of beliefs,values,attitudes,and ideas that constitute the consciousness of this4 class forms a ideological superstructure,and this ideological superstructure is5 shaped and determined by the material infrastructure and economic base.Hence the6 term"historic materialism."Marxism assumes the ontological priority of matter7 above mind and sees mind as the product of historical forces.There is thus a dialectical8 relationship between the literature work and its socio-historical background.9 Dialectical criticism focuses on the causal connections of the content or form10of the work and the economic,class,social,or ideological factors that shape and11 determines that content and form.Bourgeois writers,for example,inevitably propagate a12 bourgeois ideology that seeks to universalizing the status quo,to see it as natural rather13 than historical.The notion that there is a one-to-one correspondence to the class14 consciousness of the writer,the ideology of the work,and the society-historical15 background out of which it emerges is often labeled vulgarly Marxism,even by16 Marxists themselves.Sophisticated Marxism,however,like Fredric Jameson17 points out,is concerned with"the influence of the given social raw material,not only18on the content,but on the very form of the work themselves....[The dialectical19 interaction of work and background],this fact of sheer interrelationship,is prior of20any of the conceptual categories,such as causality,reflection,or analogy,subsequently evoked to explain it."科目代码:661科目名称：基础英语适用专业:英语语言文学外国语言学及应用语言学翻译学IV.Reading Comprehension(30points)Directions:There are three sections in this item with a passage in each section. Section A requires you to read a passage and provide a brief answer to each of the given questions.Section B requires you to read and judge whether the relevant statements are true or false.Section C requires you to read and then write a summary of it.Remember to write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Section A.(10points)By the mid-century there emerged a trend in writing that favored a new approach to constructing the novel that abandoned many of the time-honored traditions of form.Indeed,there has been debate about whether many of the works of the times should rightly be considered novels at all.Although not all writers of the period pursued experimental methods,two of them,William Burroughs and Henry Miller,served as exemplary figures.William Burroughs published journals depicting his travels through South America and North Africa.He was heavily influenced by his encounter with foreign languages and associations with strange customs.The impact of his experiences on his writing led to a uniquely detached style.Often it is difficult to determine who is telling the stories,or where the characters have come from.In his most celebrated work Naked Lunch,Burroughs is said to have physically cut up the manuscript and pasted it back together,to further disturb the conventional notion of narration.Although these writing techniques did not boost initial sales of his works,American academia accepts him as an important practitioner of literary theory.Henry Miller wrote about his personal life in a depth that previous authors had avoided.In order to better expose compulsive desires,he used very graphic language to describe the details of his intimate relationships.His books Tropic of Capricorn and Tropic of Cancer were banned in some states when they were first published.Although there are disagreements about Miller's moral positions,he is acknowledged as an important contributor to mid-twentieth century American fiction.1.What is the main topic of this passage?2.What did the passage preceding this one probably discuss?3.What can we assume about Burroughs'earlier works?4.What is the most difficult aspect of reading the book Naked Lunch?5.What can we infer about the works of the two men?科目代码:661科目名称：基础英语适用专业:英语语言文学外国语言学及应用语言学翻译学科目代码:661科目名称：基础英语适用专业:英语语言文学外国语言学及应用语言学翻译学Decide whether the following statements are true(T)or false(F).1.According to this passage,Shakespeare’s sonnets might have contained a continuity of love story.2.The speaker of Shakespeare’s sonnets is perfectly happy with both the young noble man and the“dark lady”,according to the passage.3.Shakespeare’s sonnets were dedicated to a“W.H.”,who must be Henry Wriothesley,the Earl ofSouthampton.4.It could be inferred from the passage that most life stories about Shakespeare are conjectures.5.Shakespeare wrote153sonnets,all of which have the feel of autobiographical poems.Section C(10points)Read the following passage and write a summary of it within200words.Knowing that Mrs.Mallard was afflicted with a heart trouble,great care was taken to break to her as gently as possible the news of her husband's death.It was her sister Josephine who told her,in broken sentences;veiled hints that revealed in half concealing.Her husband's friend Richards was there,too,near her.It was he who had been in the newspaper office when intelligence of the railroad disaster was received,with Brently Mallard's name leading the list of"killed."He had only taken the time to assure himself of its truth by a second telegram, and had hastened to forestall any less careful,less tender friend in bearing the sad message.She did not hear the story as many women have heard the same,with a paralyzed inability to accept its significance.She wept at once,with sudden,wild abandonment,in her sister's arms.When the storm of grief had spent itself she went away to her room alone.She would have no one follow her.There stood,facing the open window,a comfortable,roomy armchair.Into this she sank,pressed down by a physical exhaustion that haunted her body and seemed to reach into her soul.She could see in the open square before her house the tops of trees that were all aquiver with the new spring life.The delicious breath of rain was in the air.In the street below a peddler was crying his wares. The notes of a distant song which someone was singing reached her faintly,and countless sparrows were twittering in the eaves.There were patches of blue sky showing here and there through the clouds that had met and piled one above the other in the west facing her window.She sat with her head thrown back upon the cushion of the chair,quite motionless,except when a sob came up into her throat and shook her,as a child who has cried itself to sleep continues to sob in its dreams.科目代码:661科目名称：基础英语适用专业:英语语言文学外国语言学及应用语言学翻译学She was young,with a fair,calm face,whose lines bespoke repression and even a certain strength. But now there was a dull stare in her eyes,whose gaze was fixed away off yonder on one of those patches of blue sky.It was not a glance of reflection,but rather indicated a suspension of intelligent thought.There was something coming to her and she was waiting for it,fearfully.What was it?She did not know;it was too subtle and elusive to name.But she felt it,creeping out of the sky,reaching toward her through the sounds,the scents,the color that filled the air.Now her bosom rose and fell tumultuously.She was beginning to recognize this thing that was approaching to possess her,and she was striving to beat it back with her will--as powerless as her two white slender hands would have been.When she abandoned herself a little whispered word escaped her slightly parted lips.She said it over and over under the breath:"free,free,free!"The vacant stare and the look of terror that had followed it went from her eyes.They stayed keen and bright.Her pulses beat fast, and the coursing blood warmed and relaxed every inch of her body.She did not stop to ask if it were or were not a monstrous joy that held her.A clear and exalted perception enabled her to dismiss the suggestion as trivial.She knew that she would weep again when she saw the kind,tender hands folded in death;the face that had never looked save with love upon her, fixed and gray and dead.But she saw beyond that bitter moment a long procession of years to come that would belong to her absolutely.And she opened and spread her arms out to them in welcome.There would be no one to live for during those coming years;she would live for herself.There would be no powerful will bending hers in that blind persistence with which men and women believe they have a right to impose a private will upon a fellow-creature.A kind intention or a cruel intention made the act seem no less a crime as she looked upon it in that brief moment of illumination.And yet she had loved him--sometimes.Often she had not.What did it matter!What could love,the unsolved mystery,count for in the face of this possession of self-assertion which she suddenly recognized as the strongest impulse of her being!"Free!Body and soul free!"she kept whispering.Josephine was kneeling before the closed door with her lips to the keyhole,imploring for admission."Louise,open the door!I beg;open the door--you will make yourself ill.What are you doing, Louise?For heaven's sake open the door."。
宁波大学英语教学论考研真题试题2010年—2019年(缺13、14)
宁波大学年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题(A卷)(答案必须写在答题纸上)考试科目: 英语教学论科目代码：837 适用专业: 学科教学(英语)1.Traditional language teaching methods and communicative language teaching approach: dichotomyor continuum? (20 points)2.What is communicative competence(CC)? How to develop the learners’CC according to yourteaching or learning experience? (20 points)3.How do you assume the post-method era? Does it indicate we can abandon the language teachingmethods or approaches? (20 points)4.In terms of task-based language teaching and learning, Nunan, Feez(1998), Ellis gave differentaccounts. Please define the concept of TBLT according to Nunan and list some basic principles of. You can also show your own opinions.task-based language teaching according to Feez’s claims(20 points)5.如何理解“强任务”（strong version）和“弱任务”(weak version)。
（只有本题可用中文回答，其他各题必须用英文回答。
宁波大学837英语教学论2010--2020年考研真题
宁波大学历年考研专业课初试真题硕士研究生入学考试专业课初试真题(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：837 总分值：150 科目名称：英语教学论第 1 页共2 页(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：837 总分值：150 科目名称：英语教学论入学考试试题(B卷) （答案必须写在答题纸上）考试科目:英语教学论科目代码：837 适用专业: 学科教学（英语）1.In 1963, Edward Anthony proposed three hierarchical levels of language teaching methodology,approach, method and technique. Later on, Richards modified his model into approach, design and procedure. Please analyze the two models of language teaching methodology in three levels. Which one do you prefer? Give your accounts. (Written in English only)(30%)2.Task-based language teaching and total physical response are often used as language teachingmethods, but some linguists claim they are different in terms of approach, method and technique.Please show your ideas on TBLT and TPR: are t hey all methods, all approaches or…? ( Written in English only)(30%)3.According to Finocchiaro and Brumfit, please list at least 8 major features of communicativelanguage teaching. (Written in English only)(20%)4.如何理解广义任务派和狭义任务派。
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2014年宁波大学教师教育学院837英语教学论[专业硕士]考研真题及详解考试科目：英语教学论(B卷)科目代码：837适用专业：学科教学(英语)1.In1963,Edward Anthony proposed three hierarchical levels of language teaching methodology,approach,method and ter on,Richards modified his model into approach,design and procedure.Please analyze the two models of language teaching methodology in three levels.Which one do you prefer?Give your accounts.(Written in English only)(30%)【答案】(1)Edward Anthony put forward a model in which the three concepts aredistinguished.An approach is a set of correlative assumptions dealing with the nature of language teaching and learning,for example,the communicative approach.A method is an overall plan for the orderly presentation of language material,like the direct method,grammar-translation method.A technique is implementational and it actually takes place in a classroom.It is a particular trick, stratagem,or contrivance used to accomplish an immediate objective,such as group work,question and answer,dictation.From approach to technique,it is a process from theoretical to practical.The arrangement is hierarchical,that is, techniques must be consistent with a method,and therefore in harmony with anapproach as well.(2)Richards explains clearly the relationship between“approach”and“method”.Approach refers to theories about the nature of language and language learning which serve as the source of practices and principles in language teaching.A method is theoretically related to an approach,is organizationally determined by a design(the level in which objectives and syllabus are determined,and in which the roles of teachers,learners,and instructional materials are specified.), and is practically realized in procedure(implementation phase).(3)In my opinion,these two models are basically the same in the essence but Iprefer the distinction made by Anthony.Because as far as I’m concerned,his model is much more clear and detailed so that we can clearly distinguish these three concepts.【解析】首先分别阐述二者对这三个概念的区别，最后结合自己的观点给出自己的态度以及评价即可。
2.Task-based language teaching and total physical response are often used aslanguage teaching methods,but some linguists claim they are different in terms of approach,method and technique.Please show your ideas on TBLT and TPR: are they all methods,all approaches or...?(Written in English only)(30%)【答案】(1)Generally speaking,these two are both teaching methods,that is,they are all anoverall plan for the orderly presentation of language material,just like thedirect method,grammar-translation method.But they are different from each other in terms of approach and technique.(2)Task-based language teaching emphasizes on“task-oriented,student-centered”language teaching practice asked to show the life of the actual needs of the English language to simulate a variety of life contexts, emotional,and to provide students with comprehensive use of English language, for communication of opportunities,its focus is not only a language in the form, grammatical accuracy,more emphasis on the Appropriateness of language use, feasibility,communication skills,as well as training students in communicative activities in the strain and problem-solving ability.Task-based Language Teaching is a further development of Communicative Language Teaching.It shares the same beliefs in the use of language in real life,but stresses the importance to combine form-focused teaching with communication-focused teaching.(3)Total physical response method attempts to teach language through speechand physical activity at the same time.Motor activities are means to language learning.It is just like the way children acquire their native language.Learners’role in TPR is to listen and perform what the teacher says,they monitor and evaluate their own progress.They are encouraged to speak when they feel ready to speak.This is when a sufficient basis in language has been internalized.Teacher is the model and the director.The teacher provides opportunities for learning.When TPR is integrated into routines,the learners will immediatelybecome involved in the language and engaged in reacting to it.They will soon realize that they understand a lot of things and will build confidence as they learn.The teacher takes on the role of the parent;giving prompts,setting patterns,playing games,and the student then responds physically to the prompt.In giving feedback the teacher responds positively to the correct answer, much in the way that a parent would.This reinforces the learning and encourages further steps.Although TPR is a powerful technique,it is most effective when it is followed by games,songs,stories or demonstrations.【解析】首先表明个人观点，将上述两种方法视为教学法，然后分别分析各自的特点与理论基础。