中美政治比较中英(中英文对照)
英国、美国、法国政治制度比较(中英文对照版)
一、英国政治体制的模式及特点英国的政治制度是典型的君主立宪制，其主要特点是“议会至上”、以内阁为权力核心、君主虚位、政党组织严密。
首先，英国实行议会民主制，体现“议会至上”的原则。
议会至上，即立法权在三权中居于核心地位，行政和司法机关都是立法机关的一个部分，行政权和司法权实际是立法权的派生，三者互有重叠。
其次，实行内阁制，作为“议会至上”原则在行政权与立法权关系上的制度体现。
即国家的权力体系以内阁为核心，内阁拥有国家的最高行政权力。
再次，英王更多的是一种荣誉性职位，并无真正的实权。
最后，英国政党的组织体系相对比较严密。
可见，英国政治制度最大的特点是“议会至上”，司法权和立法权都出于立法权，民主政治的实质部分居于虚位君主之下。
这种政治制度的优点是，无论是体制形成还是实际运作都相对民主、公正，更有利于决策的科学和周全。
但缺点是，体制或制度容易模式化，导致官僚主义，影响执政效率。
二、美国政治体制的模式及特点美国的政治体制是一个总统制的国家，在其早期的权力构架中，并没有政党的因素，只是在后来政治角逐中，政党不断在其中发挥越来越重要的作用。
其主要特点是：1、总统候选人由政党推荐产生，总统在全国由全体选民直接投票、间接选举产生，当选总统并不一定是得到绝对选票多者，而是为获得选举人票更多者。
总统还是行政首脑，直接控制着行政机构，并且还是三军总司令。
2、美国的政党体制相当松散，政党存在的意义更多的是作为各类选举的工具，选举之后，政党作为一种组织体系作用相当微弱，所以它是一种典型的“选举党”。
美国是一个典型的两党制国家，但它不同于西欧国家的两党制，它不是以意识形态划分的，而是按照区域和利益集团来划分，两党从本质上讲都是代表不同资产阶级利益的政党。
3、美国的国会即众议院、参议院议员一般由政党推荐参选，由全民投票直接选举产生，拥有立法权。
4、美国的总统尽管名义上是所在党的领袖，但当选后更多的是以“全民总统”的面目出现。
中美协议中英文对照版
中美协议中英文对照版China-US Agreement English-Chinese Bilingual VersionThis agreement (hereinafter referred to as the "Agreement") is concluded by and between the United States of America (hereinafter referred to as "the U.S.") and the People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as "China") in accordance with the principles of equality and mutual respect.Basic Information of the Parties:The U.S.: A federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.China: A socialist country led by the Communist Party of China, and the world's most populous country with a population of over 1.4 billion.1. Parties' IdentificationThe Parties identified above are hereafter referred to as "the Parties".2. Parties' Responsibilities2.1. China shall take effective measures to provide more protection of intellectual property rights, accelerate theopening-up of its market, and promote innovation-driven development.2.2. The U.S. shall take effective measures to reduce its trade deficit with China, actively promote fair competition, and avoid restricting China's development rights.3. Rights and Obligations of the Parties3.1. China shall guarantee the legitimate rights and interests of the U.S. investors in China and treat them fairly and equitably.3.2. The U.S. shall not apply any discriminatory measures against investments of Chinese investors in its territory.3.3. The Parties shall cooperate in the fields of science and technology, environment, energy, and other areas of common interest.4. Implementation and Time Limits4.1. The implementation of this Agreement shall be subject to the relevant laws and regulations of China and the U.S., as well as their respective international obligations.4.2. The relevant provisions of this Agreement shall enter into force upon signature, and the Parties shall complete the necessary domestic procedures for entry into force within 30 days after signature.5. Breach of Contract Liability5.1. Where one Party breaches this Agreement, it shall bear the breach of contract liability in accordance with the relevant laws and regulations of its own country.5.2. Where the breach of contract causes losses to the other Party, the breaching Party shall compensate the other Party for its losses.6. Governing Law6.1. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the respective Parties.6.2. Any disputes arising from or in connection with this Agreement shall be resolved through consultation between the Parties. If they fail to reach an agreement, they may resort to legal proceedings.7. Legal Effectiveness and Enforceability7.1. The provisions of this Agreement shall have legal effectiveness and enforceability in accordance with the laws and regulations of the respective Parties.7.2. If any provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid or unenforceable, it shall not affect the validity or enforceability of the remaining provisions.8. Miscellaneous8.1. This Agreement reflects the mutual understanding and consensus of the Parties.8.2. Any amendments to this Agreement shall be made through consultation between the Parties and shall be in writing.8.3. This Agreement is executed in duplicate in Chinese and English, both texts being equally authentic. In case of any discrepancy between the two versions, the Chinese text shall prevail.In witness whereof, the undersigned, duly authorized by their respective governments have signed this Agreement.For the People's Republic of China:Signature: ________________________________Name: _______________________________Title: ________________________________Date: ________________________________For the United States of America:Signature: ________________________________Name: _______________________________Title: ________________________________Date: ________________________________。
中美两国政治制度比较
中美两国政治制度简略比较北京师范大学化学学院一、国体中国是工人阶级领导的、以工农联盟为基础的人民民主专政的社会主义国家，而美国是资产阶级专政的资本主义国家。
二、政体中国是全国人民代表大会制度政府由他产生对他负责受他监督。
主席由全国人民代表大会选举。
美国是总统制度，由选举人选举，总统只对宪法与选民负责。
三、政党制度我国现行的政党制度是在中国共产党的领导下的多党合作制度，健全与完善这种具有中国特色的新型政党制度。
中国是一个多党派的国家。
除了执政的中国共产党外，还有八个民主党派。
各民主党派不是在野党，也不是反对党，它们是参政党。
民主党派参政的基本内容是：参加国家政权，参与国家大政方针和国家领导人人选的协商，参与国家事务的管理，参与国家方针、政策、法律、法规的规定执行。
美国实行两党制，民主党和共和党长期轮流执政。
由两个势均力敌的政党即民主党和共和党通过竞选取得议会多数席位，或者赢得总统的选举的胜利而轮流执掌政权的政党制度。
1、优点两党制由于两党轮流执政，会使政治生活较为活跃，民主程度高，政策制定更是考虑到了各个阶层的利益，因此决策相对完备，并且彼此能相互监督，使政府清廉度提高。
两党制的两个党互相制约、监督，形成了对权力的一种制约机制，确保了政局的稳定，具有进步意义。
一党制则是政局较为稳定，政策的延续性比较强，出台的周期也比较短，运作上被形象的称为“推土机”模式。
在国家采取重大措施或决定国计民生的重大问题时，中国共产党都事先同民主党派和无党派民主人士进行协商，取得统一认识，然后再形成决策；民主党派和无党派人士在国家权力机关人民代表大会及其常委会、常设专门委员会中，在地方各级人大中，均有一定比例的代表，以更好地参政、议政并发挥监督作用；在人民政协中充分发挥民主党派和无党派人士的作用；举荐民主党派和无党派人士在各级政府及司法机关担任领导职务。
这就是中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度。
2、缺点两党制某种意义上来说两党是对立的，容易互相攻击，竞选时花销也比较大，政策制定的周期由于过程复杂所以周期会相对长，并且连续性不强，在应对突发急事件不如一党制快捷。
英美政治对比英文作文
英美政治对比英文作文In the UK, the Prime Minister is the head of government and is appointed by the monarch. The political system is a constitutional monarchy, which means that the monarch's powers are largely ceremonial.In the US, the President is the head of state and government, and is elected by the people. The political system is a federal republic, which means that the countryis divided into states with their own governments, but also has a central government.In the UK, the Parliament is the supreme legislative body, consisting of the House of Commons and the House of Lords. Members of the House of Commons are elected by the public, while members of the House of Lords are appointed.In the US, the Congress is the supreme legislative body, consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives. Members of the Senate are elected by the people of eachstate, while members of the House of Representatives are elected by the people of each congressional district.In the UK, the political parties include the Conservative Party, the Labour Party, the Liberal Democrats, and others. The leader of the party that has the most seats in the House of Commons becomes the Prime Minister.In the US, the political parties include the Democratic Party and the Republican Party. The candidate who wins the majority of the electoral votes becomes the President.In the UK, the government is formed by the party or coalition with the most seats in the House of Commons. The Prime Minister appoints members of the government,including ministers and junior ministers.In the US, the President appoints members of the Cabinet, who are responsible for different areas of government, such as defense, education, and health.In the UK, the monarch has a largely ceremonial role,and the Prime Minister is the head of government. The monarch's powers are limited by the constitution and are exercised on the advice of the Prime Minister and the government.In the US, the President is both the head of state and government, and has significant powers, including theability to veto legislation passed by Congress. The President's powers are also limited by the constitution and by the system of checks and balances.。
中国与美国的对比英语作文
中国与美国的对比英语作文China and the United States are two powerful countries in the world. China has a long history and rich culture, while the United States is known for its innovation and diversity.China is famous for its delicious cuisine, such as dumplings, noodles, and Peking duck. On the other hand, the United States is known for its fast food culture, with popular dishes like hamburgers, hot dogs, and pizza.In terms of education, China places a strong emphasis on academic achievement and students often face intense pressure to succeed. In contrast, the United States values creativity and individuality in education, encouraging students to think outside the box.When it comes to politics, China is a one-party state led by the Communist Party, while the United States is a democracy with a two-party system. Both countries havetheir own strengths and weaknesses in terms of governance.In terms of economy, China is known for its rapid economic growth and manufacturing power, while the United States has a strong service-based economy and is a leader in technology and innovation.In terms of social issues, China has made progress in poverty alleviation and infrastructure development, while the United States continues to grapple with issues such as income inequality, racial discrimination, and healthcare access.Overall, China and the United States are two distinct countries with their own unique characteristics and challenges. Despite their differences, both countries play a significant role in shaping the global landscape.。
希拉里中美战略第二次对话演讲(中英文对照)
5月24日，第二轮美中战略与经济对话在北京开幕，美国总统奥巴马的特别代表、国务卿希拉里·克林顿出席开幕式并讲话。
在讲话中，希拉里引用了中国成语“殊途同归”（treading different paths that lead to the same destination）来形容美中两国所共有的未来。
以下是希拉里讲话全文的中英文对照。
SECRETARY CLINTON: Good morning. I want to thank State Councilor Dai and Vice-Premier Wang for their very warm hospitality. It is a pleasure for our entire delegation to be here in Beijing. And it is an honor to join my colleague, Secretary Geithner, and the many officials from across our government in representing the United States at this second round of the strategic and economic dialogue.国务卿克林顿：早上好。
感谢国务委员戴秉国和副总理王岐山非常热情的接待。
我国代表团的全体成员十分高兴来到北京。
我与我的同事盖特纳（Geithner）部长及我国政府各部门的众多官员一起代表美国出席第二轮美中战略与经济对话，为此感到十分荣幸。
I first visited China in 1995, and I have been privileged to return since then. Every trip to China offers fresh insights and images of the dynamism of this country and its people, the pace of change, and the possibilities for the future. Back in 1995, trade between our two nations was measured in the tens of billions of dollars. Today it is counted in the hundreds of billions. Few people back then had cell phones, and almost no one had access to the Internet. Today China has the world’s largest mobile phone network, and more Internet users than any other country on earth.我于1995年初次访问中国，此后又很荣幸地多次前来访问。
比较中美民主政治制度的差别
法途径，大大缩小和限制了政府征收私人土地的权限。特别值得
提到的是，在最高法院凯露案判决一周年纪念日的时候，总统乔
治布什签署行政命令，正式禁止联邦政府所属的各级机构出于经
济目的对私有土地进行征收。据统计，美国共有43个州分别通
过修改州宪法和颁布新法等手段，对政府征收土地的行为进行限
制。
美国人民为何能够成功对抗政府权力？
三权分立制度
简介
全国人大是最高国家权 是国家的立法、行政、
力机关，地方人大是地方 司法三权分别由三个机
国家权力机关。
关独立行使，并相互制
衡的制度。
职权 及关
系
国家行政机关、审判机关、 立法权属于由参、众两院
检察机关都由人民代表大会产 组成的合众国国会，行政 生，对它负责，受它监督。 权属于美国总统；司法权 属于最高法院及国会随时 制定与设立的下级法院。
国家领 导人选 举方式
通过人民投票选举人大代表， 每个国民都持有选票，可 人大代表投票选举领导人，人 以直接参与领导人选举。 民无法直接表达自己的意愿， 选举领导人。
优点
1.它有利于保证国家权力体现人民 的意志。
2.有利于保证中央和地方的国家权 力的统一。 3.利于保证我国各民族的平 等和 团结。
言论自由、出版自由、新闻自由、集会自由、结社自由这些权利，
更是被视为保障一切权利的根本，不容任何侵犯。中国人的所有
这些权利只写在宪法里，却从来没有任何人真正享有过。
•
凯露一案中，美国人民就是充分行使了这些由美国宪法保
证的权利进行抗争。
•
当然，不外乎因为美国是民有、民治、民享（of the
people， for the people， by the people）的民主政治，以中
中美政治制度比较
中美两国政治制度的比较一个国家的政治制度最根本的就是意义就是为公民提供一个“生活环境”,一定程度上保障了一个国家社会行为的稳定；此外,政治制度还作为经济制度以及社会制度的奠基石,牵动着整个国家的变革与发展；作为最具影响力的两个大国,中国与美国的阴晴冷暖时刻影响着整个世界；然而这两个大国却在政治制度上形成了鲜明的对比,并成为各自制度领域的代表者；下文将逐点分析中美两国政治制度的不同之处;首先,政治制度的最根本特性是一个国家的国体：我国是人民民主专政的社会主义国家；美国是资产阶级专政的资本主义国家；对于我国来说,人民民主专政的国家政权保障了人民在内部实行民主,而对极少数敌视和破坏社会主义事业的敌对势力和敌对分子实行专政;它的本质是人民当家作主,我国的社会劳动者们,平等享有管理国家和社会事务的权利;此外,阶级斗争的问题是在一定范围内长期存在,所以坚持一定的专政只能是十分有必要的;因此,该制度作为无产阶级专政的一种特殊形式,在我国发展成了具有中国特色的无产阶级专政,是我们需要坚持并发展的内容；然而,对于美国来说,很大的不同是资本主义以个人利益为最高利益,并更加崇尚政治的自由性；其领导的集体是资产阶级,其高度发达的商品经济和竞争规律还有资本主义的剥削形式极大促进生产力的发展,为广泛应用自然力和科学技术开辟了道路；其次,两个国家的政体也有着显着的差别：我国的政体全国人民代表大会制度；这项制度同样是保障人民当家作主的又一项重要制度,动员全国人民以主人翁的地位投身社会主义的建设;国家的各级人大代表通过民主选举产生,具有广泛的群众基础和代表性,需要对人民负责,同时又受人民监督,有利于人民当家作主;此外,人民大表大会制度有利于保证国家机关协调高效运转,因为我国的国家行政机关、审判机关、检察机关均由国家权力机关的人大产生,充分体现了民主和效率的统一,既有利于充分发扬民主,避免权力过分集中,又可以集中力量,保证国家机关协调高效地运转;最后,也是最重要的一点,在少数民族聚居地区实行区域自治,并在其中选取人大代表,也有利于维护国家的统一和民族的团结;总之,人民代表大会制度是符合我国国情,能够保证人民当家作主的根本政治制度;而众所周知,美国实行总统制,由选民分别选举总统和国会,由总统担任国家元首,同时担任政府首脑,总统只对宪法与选民负责;这样的制度保证总统权事统一,责任集中,责任和权力的归属明确,所以,行政效率较高,可以适应形势的变化;而且美国总统制度下总统的任期比较固定,任期内,不会出现政局紊乱的局面;但这样的体制下总统的权利过大,易形成专制独裁的局面;而且美国国会议员大多数缺乏行政经验,实务经验不足,事业性不足,美国国会的法案也常常得不到行政机关的落实与执行;很可能出现这样一种情况,当行政与立法产生僵局时,一方面,美国总统不能解散国会,国会总统也不能强迫总统辞职,所以问题就无法得到很好的解决;说起政治上的差异,我们常常能从新闻上听到美国的两党之间竞争的新闻,这在中国应该是不可能发生的事情;这点就涉及到中美两国的政党制度的不同;美国实行的是两党制,民主党和共和党两党长期轮流执政;两个党的竞争制度给美国带来一定的好处;首先,两个党的少数党有利于政治局势的稳定和经济的平稳发展,可以使政策可以得到长期的执行,构成一个稳定的政治环境,避免政局过于混乱;其次,这样的制度需要选民的推选,便有利于推动民主进程的发展,而且两个政党为了获得更多的支持,必将更加努力为人民服务,多多推出有利于人民的政策;最重要的一点,是这样的制度有利于对权利进行有效地监督与制约,可以减少权利滥用和腐败现象的发生;然而,这样的政策也有它的弊端,这样的两党竞争会浪费许多的竞选费用,而且有些时候,两个政党会相互攻击,相互拆台等等,造成不好的政治风气;而中国实行的是共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度;这样的制度十分适合中国的政治环境,有利于在根本利益一致的基础上协调各种利益关系,解决各种利益矛盾,而且有利于调动各方面的积极性,汇集建设社会主义的各方面力量,有利于社会主义民主政治建设,加强政治决策的科学化、民主化,保障人民的政治权利,防止政治腐败;使得我们的政治环境进入一种规范有序又充满活力的氛围;还有一点值得我们注意的是两国的国家结构形式;说起国家的结构形式,大家可能有点陌生,但是应该对美国的联邦制非常耳熟;没错,美国是联邦制的代表国家,联邦制是由两个或两个以上的政治实体结合而成的一种国家结构形式,由各个联邦成员组成,各成员单位先于联邦国家存在;这样的联邦制有利于美国确保州的灵活性和创造性,克服了传统单一制大国管理不变的缺点,也是一种解决由于地区差异带来不稳定性的好方法;但是这样的制度固然也存在着一定的缺点,那就是效率不高,联邦政府之间与州政府之间常常各自为政,决策过程往往十分漫长;一但存在矛盾的激化,很可能引发各邦脱离联邦而独立,严重可能导致联邦的解体;我们自己国家的结构形式呢,称为单一制,我们也能很直接地感受到单一制的特点;单一制是指由若干行政区域单位或自治单位组成单一主权国家的结构形式;单一制政府就是中央集权制政府,在立法上,由国家统一制定宪法和法律,行政上实行统一领导和管理,对外关系上则是国际法主体,能统一制定对外政策;所以这样单一的结构形式,便于处理中央和地方的关系,而且,比较没有机构和事务上的重复,可以提高政府的工作效率;但这样的单一制的任何事务都由中央政府来决定,缺乏灵活性;说起这些,和我们公民最相关的政治制度就是公民的选举制度了;在中国,我们国家的国家主席,副主席直接受命于最高国家权力机关,都由全国人民代表大会选举产生;而美国总统选举实行间接选举制,首先由各州选民投票选出本州选举人,然后由各州选举人同时在各州首府投票选举正、副总统;议员选举实行直接选举制;中美制度之所以有以上种种的差异,归根到底是由于历史的沉淀,以及各自在实践中的摸索所积累的经验;尽管有种种的差别,但是各有各自的好处,各自适应与各自的政治形态;当然我们应该不断地创新改革,民主会带来一定的扰动,专制也必将不能解决所有动乱,所以如何顺应时代的变化,寻找到各自的平衡点,推动政治发展的进程,才是关键;拿中国来说,党的十八大从我国改革发展新形势和人民群众的新期待出发,对坚持走中国特色社会主义政治发展道路和积极稳妥推进政治体制改革提出了总体要求;依旧实行民主集中制,组织全体人民以国家主人翁地位投身社会主义建设,维护国家统一、民族团结,并进行不断的完善和发展;我想,这应该是各个国家的政治发展方向,朝着适合自身的道路,发展具有自身特色的政治路线,才能有效发挥政治制度的基石地位;。
最新中美教育差异中英文对照
精品资料中美教育差异中英文对照........................................China and Weste rn Countries’ social backgroundRegime---socialist system (China)capitalist system (Western Countries)Historic Culture ---China traditional culture (Confucianism)Western traditionalculture (Revival of Literature and Art, Advanced ideas) Family institution's position---in china's traditional family, parents' authoritativeconsciousness plays a leading roleWestern civilization mainly emphasizes struggle, equality, democracy and human rights.中国和西方国家的社会背景：政权——-socialist系统(中国)资本主义制度(西方国家)历史文化————中国传统文化(儒家)西方传统文化(文学和艺术的复兴,先进理念)家庭机构的立场——中国传统的家庭,父母的权威意识起着主导作用西方文明主要强调斗争,平等、民主和人权。
Social Environmental InfluenceWhat Chinese lack most is the responsibility education. In the United States, it is common to see an adult who is doing something wrong or has some bad behaviors educates a child while the child is not the adult’s own kid. The Americans treat every child as their own child, and it is their responsibility to educate the child. In England, the power of a middle-aged woman is inevitable. They are always in the supervision of the behavior of young consciously, just as the police general. They think it is their duty to observe the children in their country. These two nations have already put the responsibility of educating the next generation to every citizen. Every citizen also shows his responsibility for he future of the country in caring about the children.While in China, who will treat educating the next generation as his own responsibility? If one sees an unknown child who is doing something wrong, will he go and educate him? It is very common in China that adults tend to show indifferent with unknownchildren. What if we change our mind and learn to care others?社会环境影响中国最缺乏的是责任教育。
中美对比 英文作文
中美对比英文作文英文：When it comes to comparing China and the United States, there are many differences to consider. One of the most obvious differences is the size of the two countries. The United States is much larger in terms of land area, while China has a larger population. This difference in size has a big impact on the culture and lifestyle of each country.Another difference is the political system. The United States is a democratic country, where the people have the power to elect their leaders. On the other hand, China is a communist country, where the government has more control over the political system. This has led to different approaches to issues such as human rights and freedom of speech.In terms of economy, the United States is known for its strong capitalist system, while China has a more mixedeconomy with elements of both capitalism and socialism. This has led to different approaches to business and trade, as well as different levels of wealth and income distribution.In terms of culture, both countries have rich histories and traditions. However, there are some distinct differences. For example, Chinese culture places a strong emphasis on family and respect for elders, while American culture values individualism and personal freedom.Overall, while there are many differences between China and the United States, there are also many similarities. Both countries have diverse populations and rich cultural heritages. It's important to recognize and appreciate the differences while also celebrating the commonalities.中文：当谈到比较中国和美国时，有许多不同之处需要考虑。
politics中英对照时政翻译
Joint China-US Statement on Climate Change 中美气候联合声明英语翻译111班潘欣艳5102611004The United States of America and the People's Republic of China recognize that the increasing dangers presented by climate change measured against the inadequacy of the global response requires a more focused and urgent initiative. The two sides have been engaged in constructive discussions through various channels over several years bilaterally and multilaterally, including the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change process and the Major Economies Forum. In addition, both sides consider that the overwhelming scientific consensus regarding climate change constitutes a compelling call to action crucial to having a global impact on climate change.中华人民共和国和美利坚合众国认识到，就气候变化带来的日益加剧的危害和全球应对的不足比较而言，我们现今需要一个更具针对性的紧急倡议。
过去几年里，双方通过双边和多边渠道，包括在联合国气候变化框架公约进程和经济大国论坛下，一直进行着建设性的讨论。
Political parties(英国,美国,中国政党)
Conservatism 约翰· 席德尼· 麦凯恩
约翰· 席德尼· 麦凯恩
奥巴马 威廉· 杰斐逊· 克林顿
我国政党制度的显著特征在于:共产党领导、多党派合作,共产党执政、多 党派参政。中国共产党的多党合作和政治协商制度，是我国一项基本政治 制度，是具有中国特色的政党制度
3——China
sign
Ruling party Communist Party of China
Founded
1921/7/1
依法治国，是核心内容 执政为民，是本质要求 公平正义，是价值追求 服务大局，是重要使命 党的领导，是根本保证
Governing philosophy
The Liberal Democrats was formed in 1988. By a merger of the Liberal Party and the Social Democratic Party.
Middle and uppermiddle class
在经济上，保守党支持自由企业和国有企业的私有 化。保守党主张削减工会的影响力和最大限度地减 少对社会福利支出。其政策的特点是实用主义和个 Wealthy members of the supporter 人主义的信念 撒切尔夫人 businessmen
working class
landowners
戴维· 卡梅伦
埃德· 米利班德
90%以上 1945年，工党掌权，对英国社会有很大的 为工会集 影响。它认为，在一个平等的经济，其中， 体党员 政府的作用是充当“再分配”剂，从富人 向穷人转移财富征税社会最富裕的成员和 为穷人提供支持的方式。它设立了国家卫 生服务为客户提供高品质，免费医疗， 部分知识 “从摇篮到坟墓”，提供一系列福利金。 分子 工会是他们的党的支柱。
中美政治比较中英中英文对照
中美政治比较中英中英文对照Document number【980KGB-6898YT-769T8CB-246UT-18GG08】中美政治制度差异研究The political system of China and the United States differences research中国和美国政治制度现状China and the status quo of the American political system（一）中国的政治制度(a) of China's political system我国的政治制度概括起来主要有人民代表大会制度、中国人民政治协商制度、民族区域自治制度等。
In summary of political system in China mainly include the people's congress system, the Chinese people's political consultative system, regional national autonomy system, etc.中国宪法规定:“中华人民共和国实行的是人民代表大会制度，中华人民共和国的一切权力属于人民；人民行使国家权力的机关是全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会。
”全国人民代表大会是中国的最高国家权力机关，统一行使国家最高权力，人民代表大会制度是中国的根本政治制度，是实现人民民主专政的政治形式，是中国的政体。
全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会都由民主选举产生，对人民负责，受人民监督。
我国的选举制度是人民代表大会制度的重要组成部分，目前我国的选举制度的原则和主要内容一方面在宪法中得到确定，另一方面，全国人大组织法、地方各级人大组织法和选举法等有关法律法规也根据宪法所确立的社会主义选举制度的基本原则，对我国选举的具体内容作了详细的规定，它们同宪法一同构成了我国社会主义选举制度的法律基础。
中美两国政治制度比较
中美两国政治制度简略比较北京师范大学化学学院一、国体中国是工人阶级领导的、以工农联盟为基础的人民民主专政的社会主义国家，而美国是资产阶级专政的资本主义国家。
二、政体中国是全国人民代表大会制度政府由他产生对他负责受他监督。
主席由全国人民代表大会选举。
美国是总统制度，由选举人选举，总统只对宪法与选民负责。
三、政党制度我国现行的政党制度是在中国共产党的领导下的多党合作制度，健全与完善这种具有中国特色的新型政党制度。
中国是一个多党派的国家。
除了执政的中国共产党外，还有八个民主党派。
各民主党派不是在野党，也不是反对党，它们是参政党。
民主党派参政的基本内容是：参加国家政权，参与国家大政方针和国家领导人人选的协商，参与国家事务的管理，参与国家方针、政策、法律、法规的规定执行。
美国实行两党制，民主党和共和党长期轮流执政。
由两个势均力敌的政党即民主党和共和党通过竞选取得议会多数席位，或者赢得总统的选举的胜利而轮流执掌政权的政党制度。
1、优点两党制由于两党轮流执政，会使政治生活较为活跃，民主程度高，政策制定更是考虑到了各个阶层的利益，因此决策相对完备，并且彼此能相互监督，使政府清廉度提高。
两党制的两个党互相制约、监督，形成了对权力的一种制约机制，确保了政局的稳定，具有进步意义。
一党制则是政局较为稳定，政策的延续性比较强，出台的周期也比较短，运作上被形象的称为“推土机”模式。
在国家采取重大措施或决定国计民生的重大问题时，中国共产党都事先同民主党派和无党派民主人士进行协商，取得统一认识，然后再形成决策；民主党派和无党派人士在国家权力机关人民代表大会及其常委会、常设专门委员会中，在地方各级人大中，均有一定比例的代表，以更好地参政、议政并发挥监督作用；在人民政协中充分发挥民主党派和无党派人士的作用；举荐民主党派和无党派人士在各级政府及司法机关担任领导职务。
这就是中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度。
2、缺点两党制某种意义上来说两党是对立的，容易互相攻击，竞选时花销也比较大，政策制定的周期由于过程复杂所以周期会相对长，并且连续性不强，在应对突发急事件不如一党制快捷。
中美对比英文作文
中美对比英文作文英文：When it comes to comparing China and the United States, there are a lot of differences to consider. From cultural norms to political systems, these two countries have a lot of unique features that set them apart. One of the most notable differences is the language spoken in each country. While Mandarin is the official language of China, Englishis the dominant language in the United States.Growing up in the United States, I was exposed to English from a very young age. It was the language spokenin my home, at school, and in the media I consumed. As a result, I became fluent in English without even realizing it. In contrast, when I visited China for the first time, I struggled to communicate because I didn't speak Mandarin.It was a humbling experience that made me appreciate the challenges faced by non-native English speakers in the United States.中文：谈到比较中国和美国，有很多不同之处需要考虑。
中美比较英文作文
中美比较英文作文英文：When it comes to comparing the United States and China, there are many differences to consider. One of the biggest differences is the political system. The United States is a democratic republic, while China is a one-party socialist state. This means that the United States has a system of checks and balances, with three branches of government, while China has a centralized government with one ruling party.Another difference is the cultural values. The United States values individualism and personal freedom, while China values collectivism and group harmony. This can be seen in the way people interact with each other and their expectations of society.In terms of economic development, China has made huge strides in recent years and is now the world's second-largest economy. The United States, on the other hand, has a more mature economy with a higher standard of living.Despite these differences, there are also similarities between the two countries. Both have a strong sense of national pride and a desire to be a global leader. Both also have diverse populations and face challenges related to diversity and inclusion.Overall, it is important to recognize and appreciate the unique qualities of each country while also acknowledging the areas where improvement can be made.中文：谈到比较美国和中国，有很多不同之处需要考虑。
中英政体比较
The difference between the state system of China and Great Britain China:The politics of the People's Republic of China take place in a framework of a single-party socialist republic. The leadership of the Communist Party is stated in the Constitution of the People's Republic of China. State power within the People's Republic of China (PRC) is exercised through the Communist Party of China, the Central People's Government and their provincial and local counterparts.Government of China:The primary organs of state power are the National People's Congress (NPC), the President, and the State Council. Members of the State Council include the Premier, a variable number of vice premiers (now four), five state councilors (protocol equal of vice premiers but with narrower portfolios), and 29 ministers and heads of State Council commissions. Under the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, the NPC is the highest organ of state power in China. It meets annually for about 2 weeks to review and approve major new policy directions, laws, the budget, and major personnel changes. Most national legislation in China is adopted by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress. Most initiatives are presented to the NPCSC for consideration by the State Council after previous endorsement by the Communist Party's Politburo Standing Committee. Although the NPC generally approves State Council policy and personnel recommendations, the NPC and its standing committee has increasingly asserted its role as the national legislature and has been able to force revisions in some laws. For example, the State Council and the Party have been unable to secure passage of a fuel tax to finance the construction of freeways.Great Britain:The politics of the United Kingdom takes place within the framework of a constitutional monarchy, in which the Monarch is the head of state and the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom is the head of government. Executive power is exercised by Her Majesty's Government, on behalf of and by the consent of the Monarch.. Legislative is vested in both the government and the two chambers of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, the House of Commons and the House of Lords. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature, the highest national court being the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom. The UK is a multi-party system and since the 1920s, the two largest political parties have been the Conservative Party and the Labour Party.The Prime Minister and the Cabinet: The Prime Minister is the most senior minister in the Cabinet. S/he is responsible for chairing Cabinet meetings, selecting Cabinet ministers, and formulating government policy. The Prime Minister is the de facto leader of the UK government, since s/he exercises executive functions that are nominally vested in the sovereign. Theoretically, the Prime Minister is first among equals among his/her Cabinet colleagues. While the Prime Minister is the senior Cabinet Minister, s/he is theoretically bound to make executive decisions in a collective fashion with the other Cabinet ministers. The Cabinet, along with the PM, consists of Secretaries of State from the various government departments. Cabinet meetings are typically held weekly, while Parliament is in session.。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
中美政治制度差异研究The political system of China and the United States differences research中国和美国政治制度现状China and the status quo of the American political system（一）中国的政治制度(a) of China's political system我国的政治制度概括起来主要有人民代表大会制度、中国人民政治协商制度、民族区域自治制度等。
In summary of political system in China mainly include the people's congress system, the Chinese people's political consultative system, regional national autonomy system, etc.中国宪法规定:“中华人民共和国实行的是人民代表大会制度，中华人民共和国的一切权力属于人民；人民行使国家权力的机关是全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会。
”全国人民代表大会是中国的最高国家权力机关，统一行使国家最高权力，人民代表大会制度是中国的根本政治制度，是实现人民民主专政的政治形式，是中国的政体。
全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会都由民主选举产生，对人民负责，受人民监督。
我国的选举制度是人民代表大会制度的重要组成部分，目前我国的选举制度的原则和主要内容一方面在宪法中得到确定，另一方面，全国人大组织法、地方各级人大组织法和选举法等有关法律法规也根据宪法所确立的社会主义选举制度的基本原则，对我国选举的具体内容作了详细的规定，它们同宪法一同构成了我国社会主义选举制度的法律基础。
China's constitution stipulates: "the People's Republic of China is a people's congress system, all power in the People's Republic of China belongs to the people; the people exercise state power of authority is the National People's Congress and local people's congresses at various levels." The National People's Congress is the highest organ of state power in China, a unified exercise state supreme power, the people's congress system is China's fundamental political system, is to realize the political form of the people's democratic dictatorship, is China's regime. The National People's Congress and local people's congresses at various levels are democratically elected, responsible to the people, by the people's supervision. China's electoral system is an important part of people's congress system, at present our country's electoral system principles and the main contents are established in the constitution, on the one hand, on the other hand, the formulation and the organic law of the National People's Congress and local people's congresses of the electoral law and other relevant laws and regulations in accordance with the constitution also established the basic principles of the socialist electoral system, the specific contents of the election of our country has made the detailed provisions, they constituted together with the constitution, the legal basis for the socialist electoral system in our country.中国人民政治协商制度是中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度，中国共产党和各民主党派团结合作，互相监督，共同致力于建设有中国特色社会主义和统一祖国、振兴中华的伟大事业。
中国人民政治协商制度的基本特点主要有:坚持四项基本原则，“长期共存、互相监督、肝胆相照、荣辱与共”，各民主党派都参与国家大政方针和国家领导人选的协商，参与国家事务的管理，参与国家方针、政策、法律、法规的制定执行。
The Chinese people's political consultative system is the communist party of China leads the multi-party cooperation and political consultation system, the communist party of China and the Democratic Party's solidarity and cooperation, mutual supervision, committed to building socialism with Chinese characteristics and the great cause of reunification, the revitalization of the Chinese. The basic characteristics of the Chinese people's political consultative system mainlyinclude: stick to the four cardinal principles, "long-term coexistence, mutual supervision, sincere treatment, blame", the major policies all the democratic parties participate in state and national leader to negotiate, to participate in the management of state affairs, participate in national guidelines, policies, laws and regulations for implementation.民族区域自治制度是在中国领土内，在国家统一领导下，在各少数民族聚居的地方实行区域自治，设立自治机关，行使自治权，由少数民族自主地管理本民族内部的地方性事务，行使当家作主的权力的一种政治制度，是一种具有中国特色的解决民族问题的政治制度。
Regional national autonomy system is within the Chinese territory, under the leadership of the national unity, the regional autonomy is practiced in places where the ethnic groups, and the organs of self-government are established, the exercise of autonomy, by the minority autonomous management of our nation's internal local affairs, exercise the power of the masters of a kind of political system, is one kind has the Chinese characteristic political system to solve the problem of ethnic groups.我国政治制度的基本原则包括：中国共产党是中国的唯一执政党；人民民主专政；一切权力属于人民；民主集中制武装力量属于人民；依法治国。
The basic principle of China's political system includes: the communist party of China is China's only the ruling party; The people's democratic dictatorship. All power belongs to the people. The armed forces belong to the people of democratic centralism; The rule of law.（二）美国的政治制度(2) of the American political system美国是联邦制国家，政权组织形式为总统制，实行三权分立与制衡相结合的政治制度和两党制的政党制度。
The United States is a federal system, regime organization form for the presidential system, implements the separation of powers and checks and balances with the combination of political system and a political party system of the two-party system.联邦设有最高的立法、行政和司法机关，但有统一的宪法和法律，是国际交往的主体；各州有自己的宪法、法律和政府机构;若各州的宪法和法律与联邦宪法和法律发生冲突，联邦宪法和法律优于州的宪法和法律。