The independence war美国独立战争小论文
独立战争英文作文
独立战争英文作文The American Revolutionary War was a turning point in history. It was a time of great struggle and sacrifice, as brave men and women fought for their independence.The soldiers faced many challenges on the battlefield, from harsh weather conditions to lack of supplies. But their determination and courage never wavered, as they believed in the cause they were fighting for.The war also had a significant impact on the lives of ordinary citizens. Families were torn apart, homes were destroyed, and livelihoods were lost. But through it all, the spirit of freedom and independence burned brightly in their hearts.After years of fighting, the American colonies finally achieved victory over the British. The signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1783 marked the official end of the war and the beginning of a new era for the United States.The legacy of the Revolutionary War lives on today, as Americans continue to cherish the freedoms and rights that were won through the sacrifices of those who came before them. It serves as a reminder of the power of unity, courage, and perseverance in the face of adversity.。
独立战争英文作文
独立战争英文作文英文：The American Revolutionary War, also known as the War of Independence, was a pivotal moment in the history of the United States. It was a time of great upheaval and struggle as the American colonies fought for their freedom from British rule. As a soldier in the Continental Army, I witnessed firsthand the hardships and sacrifices made by my fellow patriots as we battled against the powerful British forces.One of the most memorable moments for me was the winter at Valley Forge. The harsh conditions and lack of supplies made it a difficult time for all of us. Many soldiers fell ill and died, and morale was low. However, it was during this time that we truly came together as a unified force. We endured the hardships together and emerged stronger than ever. It was a turning point in the war, and it showed the resilience and determination of the American people.Another significant event was the Battle of Saratoga. This was a major victory for the American forces and a turning point in the war. It boosted morale and convinced the French to openly support the American cause. It was a moment of triumph and celebration for all of us who had fought so hard for our freedom.The war was not without its challenges and setbacks, but ultimately, the American colonies emerged victorious. The signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1783 marked the official end of the war and the beginning of a new nation. It was a time of great joy and pride for all of us who had fought for the ideals of liberty and independence.中文：美国独立战争，也被称为独立战争，是美国历史上的一个关键时刻。
美国独立战争
The startingThe American War of independence War in 1783 Independence1775 ~ of the British North America, the 13 colonies against British colonial rule, the revolutionary War for national independence. North American war of independence and says the American revolution, or. The war is mainly to fight the British empire began in the economic policy, but afterwards but because of France, Spain and the Netherlands joined war against the British empire, and make war far beyond the scope of the British North America. At the same time, many Indian people both war.The causesSince the 13 colonies belong to British, the economy in colonies developed very fast. And with the development of economy, the people in the colonies wanted more power to determine their business. But the policy of the British Government was to bring the development under their control and collect more taxes from the colonies.In order to finance a large army stationed in America, the British Government collected more money from the colonies and requited回报the colonies to provide the troops with fuel, light, bedding and other things.The East India Company, a vital source of British wealth, was in financial straits. To help the company turn the corner, the British Government granted it the monopoly垄断over all the tea exported to the colonies without paying duty .Thus the company could easily undersell the independent tea merchants and the smugglers in the colonies, who organized strong opposition to this unequal treatment.Boston Tea PartyOn the might of December 16, 1773, a band of men, disguised as Indians and led by Samuel Adams, boarded three British ships lying at anchor in Boston and dumped their tea cargo, which was from China, into the sea. 342 chest of tea valued at about ﹩75,000 were thus destroyed. This carrel to be known as the “Boston Tea Party”.The British Government was thus forced to take actions. Otherwise, it would lose face before the world for its failure to control its own colonies.the Stamp Act（可讲可不讲）The next increase in the tension came in 1765 with the Stamp Act and a trade act know as the Sugar Act. It was the Stamp Act that caused the mostprotest. This was a direct tax, levied on the paper required for legal transactions and on newspapers. It had been proposed in 1764, and the Americans had been given the year to suggest alternative methods of raising the money needed to administer and defend the colonies. Instead, this year was used to organise opposition to the act.The developmentIn the face of such a grave situation, colonial delegates代表from 12 colonies (Georgia didn’t send its delegates) met in Philadelphia on September 5, 1774,to consult upon the present unhappy state of the colonies. This meeting has been known as the First Continental Congress, which encouraged Americans to refuse to buy British goods. Colonial militia units were organized.The spark火花came in the Boston area on April 19, 1775. When American revolutionaries were removing munitions 军需品from the arsenals兵工厂in the small towns of Lexington and Concord, about 50 kilo meters from Boston. Some British troops, after a night of marching, reached the village of Lexington, they met about 50 minutemen民兵. There was a dense fog and shots soon broke out from both sides. The American minutemen were forced to withdrawn leaving 8 of their dead upon the spot. Many Americans nearly heard the shots and began to prepare themselves. When the farmers at North Bridge. It was here that these American farmers fired” the shot heard round the world”.While the alarms of Lexington and Concord were still resounding, the Second Continental Congress met in Philadelphia on May 10, 1775, in a house which later becomes known as Independence Hall. In the meeting, the delegate agreed to support the war. The congress founded a Continental Army and Navy, and appointed George Washington as commander, who was a Virginian militia commander. It also appointed a committee to draft a formal declaration. Thomas Jefferson was in charge of drafting the Declaration of Independence. One after another, the colonies cast off their hesitation and, through their assemblies, declared of Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, John Adams and some other members, was appointed to draw up the Declaration of Independence. After three weeks of discussion, the committee prepared the famous document which was formally adopted on July 4, 1776, a day which has been celebrated each year as Independence Day or National Day in the United Seated. In fact it was the beginning of struggle.At the beginning of the war, the Americans suffered repeatedly setbacks. But, with Franklin’s successful diplomatic activities were a great help to thewar efforts. On Christmas Day of 1776, French-Americans defeated the British troops at Trenton, New Jersey. Before long, the American troops defeated the British at Saratoga in Northern New York. This was a great turning point of the war, leading directly to an alliance between the U.S and the France.In 1781, Washington, with the help of the French army, penned the British troops at York town. On Virginia coast and, on October 19, the same year, the British general Cornwallis surrendered.In September 1783, the Treaty of Paris was signed. The peace treaty British recognized the independence, freedom, and sovereignty of the 13 states. The large expansion of land to the west of the colonies, with the Mississippi as the western limit, was also given to the 13 states.The American War of Independence was of great historical importance and influence. A new republic emerged浮现that a just cause will sooner or later win while the evil cause will surely lose. It also had great international influence. For example, the colonies in Spanish America rose up one after another to overthrow Spanish colonial rule. It also helped to promote the national liberation struggle of the colonies in the world.。
美国独立战争 American War of Independence
Passage 1American War of IndependenceI. Colonial PeriodMost people who came to the British colonies in the 1600s were English. Others came from The Netherlands, Sweden, Germany, France, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. By 1690, 250,000 people lived in the New World. By 1790, there were 2.5 million people.People came for different reasons. Some left their homes to escape war. Others sought political or religious freedom. Some had to work as servants to pay back the cost of their trip before gaining their freedom. Some, like black Africans, arrived as slaves.In time, the 13 colonies developed within three distinct regions.The first settlements were along the Atlantic coast and on rivers that flowed into the ocean. In the Northeast, trees covered the hills and stones filled the soil, but water power was available. The Northeast was called New England, and it included Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island. The economy was based on timber, fishing, shipbuilding, and trade.The middle colonies included New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, and Maryland. The weather was milder and the countryside was more varied. People worked in industry and agriculture. The society was more diverse and sophisticated. People living in New York came from all over Europe.The Southern colonies included Virginia, Georgia, and North Carolina and South Carolina. The growing season was long and the soil was fertile. Most people were farmers. Some owned small farms that they worked themselves. The wealthy farmers owned large plantations and used African slaves as workers.The relationships between settlers and Native Americans (also called Indians) were good and bad. In some areas, the two groups traded and were friendly. In most cases, as the settlements grew bigger, the settlers forced the Indians to move.As time went on, all the colonies developed governments based on the British tradition of citizen participation. In Britain, the Glorious Revolution of 1688–1689 limited the power of the king and gave more power to the people.The American colonists closely observed these changes. Colonial assemblies claimed the right to act as local parliaments. They passed laws that limited the power of the royal governor and increased their own authority. Disagreements between the royal governors and the assemblies continued. The colonists realized that their interests often were different from Britain’s interests. At first, the colonists wanted self-government within a British commonwealth. Only later did they want independence.II. The Road to IndependenceThe ideas of liberalism and democracy are the basis of the U.S. political system. As the colonists built their new society, they believed more strongly in these ideas. Britain’s 13 colonies grew in population and economic strength during the 1700s. Although ruled by a distant government, the colonists governed many local affairs.After Britain won a costly war with France in the 1750s, the colonists were asked to help pay for the war, and for Britain’s large empire. Thes e policies restricted the colonists’ way of life.For example, the Royal Proclamation of 1763 restricted the colonists from settling new land. The Currency Act of 1764 made it illegal to print paper money in the colonies. The Quartering Act of 1765 forced the colonists to provide food and housing for the royal soldiers. The Stamp Act of 1765 taxed all legal papers, licenses, newspapers, and leases.The Stamp Act united the colonists in an organized resistance. The main problem was that they weren’t allowe d to participate in the government that taxed them.In October 1765, 27 delegates from nine colonies met in New York. They passed resolutions saying that the individual colonies should have the right to impose their own taxes. This satisfied most of the delegates, but a small number of radicals wanted independence from Britain.One of those people was Samuel Adams of Massachusetts. He wrote newspaper articles and made speeches. The groups he helped to organize became a big part of the revolutionary movement.By 1773, colonial traders, who were angry with British regulation of the tea trade, were interested in Sam Adams’s ideas. In December 1773, a group of men sneaked on three British ships in Boston harbor and threw the cargo oftea overboard. This event became known as the Boston Tea Party.The British Parliament punished Massachusetts by closing Boston’s port and by restricting local authority. Colonists called these new laws the Intolerable Acts and united to oppose them. All the colonies except Georgia sent representatives to Philadelphia in September 1774 to talk about their ―present unhappy state.‖ It was the First Continental Congress.Colonists were angry with the British for taking away their rights, but not everyone agreed on the solution. Loyalists wanted to stay subjects under the king. Moderates wanted to compromise and build a better relationship with the British government. The revolutionaries wanted complete independence. They began collecting weapons and getting men ready—waiting for the fight for independence.III. RevolutionThe American Revolution and the war for independence from Britain began with a small fight between British troops and colonists on April 19, 1775. The British troops left Boston, Massachusetts, planning to take weapons and ammunition from revolutionary colonists.At Lexington, they met armed colonists who were called Minutemen because they could be ready to fight in a minute. The Minutemen planned to protest silently and not shoot unless the British shot first.The British ordered the Minutemen to leave. The colonists obeyed, but as they left, someone fired a shot. The British troops attacked the Minutemen with guns and bayonets.Fighting broke out in other places along the way as the British soldiers in their bright red uniforms returned to Boston. More than 250 ―redcoats‖ were killed or wounded. The Americans lost 93 men.Colonial representatives hurried to Philadelphia for the Second Continental Congress. More than half voted to go to war against Britain. They decided to form one army from the colonial forces. George Washington of Virginia became the commander-in-chief.At the same time, they sent King George III a peace resolution to try to avoid a war. The king rejected it. On August 23, 1775, the king said the American colonies were in rebellion.The desire for independence increased in the next few months. Thomas Paine, a radical political thinker, argued for independence and against hereditary monarchy in his pamphlet Common Sense. He described two possible conditions for America. The people could remain unequal citizens under a king, or they could live in an independent country with hopes of liberty and happiness.The Second Continental Congress created a committee to write a document that outlined the co lonies’complaints against the king and explained their decision to separate from Britain. The reasons were based on French and British ideas. Thomas Jefferson was the main writer of the Declaration of Independence.The Declaration of Independence told the world of a new nation and its beliefs about human freedom. It argued that political rights are basic human rights and are universal.The Second Continental Congress accepted this document on July 4, 1776. The Fourth of July became Independence Day in the United States.The colonies and Britain went to war. British soldiers defeated General Washington’s forces in New York and took control of Philadelphia, forcing the Second Continental Congress to flee. The Continental Army won at Saratoga in New York and at Princeton and Trenton in New Jersey. George Washington had problems getting the men and materials he needed to fight the war.In 1778, France recognized the United States as an independent country and signed a treaty of alliance. France helped the United States as a way to weaken Britain, its long-time enemy.There were battles from Montreal, Canada, to Savannah, Georgia. A huge British army surrendered at Yorktown, Virginia, in 1781. The war ended when a peace treaty was signed in Paris on April 15, 1783. In this treaty, Britain and other nations recognized the United States as an independent nation.Quiz1. How many original colonies were there?A. 50B. 13C. 172. Which European country owned the colonies?A. SpainB. The NetherlandsC. Britain3. Which act caused the greatest reaction from the colonists?A. The Currency ActB. The Stamp ActC. The Quartering Act4. What did the colonists throw into Boston Harbor?A. StampsB. British paper moneyC. Tea5. What did moderates in the colonies wish for in their relationship to Britain?A. For everything to stay the way it wasB. To move to Britain and leave the coloniesC. A compromise and a better relationship with the British government6. The British soldiers were also called what?A. RedcoatsB. MinutemenC. Roundheads7. Who was the commander-in-chief of the colonial army?A. Thomas PaineB. Thomas JeffersonC. George Washington8. What American holiday celebrates the colonists’ victory?A. Veteran’s DayB. Declaration DayC. Fourth of July。
历史美国独立战争论文
美国独立战争摘要：美国独立战争是世界史上第一次大规模的殖民地争取民族独立的战争，它的胜利，给大英帝国的殖民体系打开了一个缺口，为殖民地民族解放战争树立了范例。
独立战争又是一次资产阶级革命，它推翻了英国的殖民统治，创造了世界上第一个总统制共和制国家：美利坚合众国，同时又铲除了殖民时期封建残余的长子继承法、续嗣限定法和代役税，奴隶制契约也基本上废除。
从而解放了生产力，为美国资本主义的发展开辟了宽广的道路。
正如列宁所说：“现代的文明的美国的历史，是由一次伟大的、真正解放的、真正革命的战争开始的。
”关键字：美国、独立战争一、背景1607年，英国人来到北美大西洋沿岸，开始建立第一个殖民地弗吉尼亚。
经过不断拓殖，到18世纪30年代，英国人已在北美大西洋沿岸建立了13个殖民地。
在此期间大批移民移居北美，其中大多数是英国人，也有不少来自欧洲其他国家，此外还有不少从非洲贩运过来的黑奴。
他们为北美的开发做出了重要贡献。
当时，英属北美殖民地的资本主义经济发展较快，成为经济发展主流。
同时，也存在着许多落后的经济成分。
殖民地的统治模式是依照英国政体建立的，每个殖民地都有自己的总督和议会。
总督代表英国对殖民地进行统治，拥有行政、经济和军事大权，可以否决议会通过的法案。
经过一百多年的发展，英属北美各殖民地的经济来往日益密切，初步形成了统一的国内市场。
同时，在长期的交流、融合过程中，英语成为来自各殖民地的共同语言，逐渐产生了共同的文化。
在此基础上，美利坚名族开始形成。
名族意识逐渐觉醒。
18世纪上半期，启蒙思想在英属北美殖民地得到传播，涌现出一些杰出的思想家，如富兰克林和杰斐逊。
英属北美殖民地的民族和民主意识日趋增强。
18世纪中期，英属北美殖民地的经济发展迅速，北部工商业发达，中部盛产小麦，南部种植园经济繁荣。
北美上产的很多产品甚至能在国际市场上与英国产品一争高低。
在1756-1763年的“七年战争”中，为争夺对北美殖民地的控制，英国与法国进行了长期的战争。
英语作文 美国独立战争
英语作文美国独立战争The American War of Independence, also known as the Revolutionary War, was a pivotal moment in the history of the United States. It marked the beginning of the nation's journey towards independence and self-governance. The war, which lasted from 1775 to 1783, was a result of growing tensions between the American colonies and the British government. The colonists were dissatisfied with British rule and sought to break free from it, leading to a long and bloody conflict that ultimately resulted in the birth of a new nation.The roots of the American War of Independence can be traced back to the mid-18th century, when the British government began imposing a series of taxes and regulations on the American colonies. The colonists, who had grown accustomed to a certain degree of autonomy, resented these measures and saw them as a violation of their rights. They also felt that they were being unfairly treated by the British, who seemed more interested in exploiting thecolonies for their own gain rather than governing them in a fair and just manner.Tensions continued to escalate over the years, and in 1775, the conflict finally erupted into open warfare. The first shots of the war were fired at the Battles of Lexington and Concord, and soon after, the Continental Congress declared the independence of the United States. This marked the beginning of a long and arduous strugglefor the American colonies, as they fought to free themselves from British rule and establish their own sovereign nation.The war was marked by a series of pivotal battles and strategic maneuvers, with both sides fighting fiercely for control of the colonies. The American forces, led by General George Washington, faced numerous challenges and setbacks, but they also displayed remarkable resilience and determination. The British, on the other hand, were a formidable adversary with a well-trained and disciplined army, but they also faced logistical and strategic difficulties in fighting a war on foreign soil.One of the key turning points in the war came in 1777, when the American forces achieved a crucial victory at the Battle of Saratoga. This battle not only boosted the morale of the American troops but also convinced the French to openly support the American cause. The French providedvital military and financial assistance to the Americans, which played a significant role in turning the tide of the war in their favor.After several more years of fighting, the war finally came to an end in 1783 with the signing of the Treaty of Paris. This treaty formally recognized the independence of the United States and established its boundaries, markingthe official end of British rule in the colonies. The American War of Independence had been a long and costly conflict, but it had ultimately achieved its goal of securing the freedom and sovereignty of the American nation.The legacy of the American War of Independence is profound and far-reaching. It not only established the United States as a sovereign nation but also laid thefoundation for the principles of liberty, democracy, and self-determination. The war also inspired other nations around the world to seek their own independence, and its impact continues to be felt to this day.In conclusion, the American War of Independence was a defining moment in the history of the United States. It was a hard-fought struggle for freedom and self-governance, and its outcome had a profound impact on the course of world history. The war remains a testament to the courage and determination of the American people, and it continues to be celebrated as a symbol of the nation's enduring commitment to liberty and independence.。
美国独立英文作文
美国独立英文作文The American Revolution, also known as the War of Independence, was a significant event in the history of the United States. It was a time of great change and transformation, as the thirteen British colonies in North America fought for their independence from Great Britain.The revolution began in 1775, when the colonists formed the Continental Army and declared their intention to break away from British rule. The war lasted for eight years, and it was marked by a series of battles and skirmishes that took place across the colonies.One of the most significant battles of the revolution was the Battle of Bunker Hill, which took place in 1775. The battle was fought between the British Army and the Continental Army, and it was a turning point in the war. Although the British won the battle, they suffered heavy losses, and it gave the colonists the confidence they needed to continue fighting.The revolution also had a significant impact on the social and political landscape of the United States. It led to the drafting of the Declaration of Independence, which declared that all men are created equal and have the right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. This document laid the foundation for the American Constitution and the Bill of Rights, which continue to shape thecountry's political system to this day.In conclusion, the American Revolution was a pivotal moment in the history of the United States. It was a time of great change and transformation, and it led to the birth of a new nation that was founded on the principles of freedom and democracy. The revolution continues to inspire people around the world, and it serves as a reminder of the power of the human spirit to overcome adversity and achieve great things.。
关于美国独立的历史论文
关于美国独立的历史论文美国独立是美国历史上一个重要的事件，它标志着美国摆脱了英国统治，成为了一个独立的国家。
美国独立的历史可以追溯到18世纪，当时的美国殖民地开始对英国的统治产生不满。
这种不满最终演变成了独立运动，最终在1776年7月4日，美国大陆会议通过了《独立宣言》，正式宣布脱离英国独立。
美国独立的历史可以分为几个重要阶段，首先是殖民地时期的抗议活动，这些活动为后来的独立运动埋下了伏笔。
接着是法国印第安战争，这场战争使英国背负了沉重的债务，因此英国政府开始向殖民地推行一系列不公平的税收政策，这导致了殖民地居民对英国统治的不满。
随之而来的是著名的波士顿茶叶事件和第一次大陆会议，这些事件进一步加剧了独立运动的发展。
在独立宣言正式通过后，美国独立战争爆发了，这场战争持续了八年之久。
独立战争的胜利归功于美国殖民地的坚定抵抗和法国的支持。
在战争结束后，美国正式获得了独立地位，成为了一个真正意义上的主权国家。
美国独立的历史对世界的影响是深远的，它标志着殖民地时代的结束，也为后来的民族解放运动提供了样板。
美国的独立范例激励了许多国家和民族，使他们也开始追求独立和自由。
因此，可以说美国独立是世界历史上一个极为重要的事件，它开启了一个新的时代，影响着世界的发展方向。
美国独立的历史也对美国本身产生了深远的影响。
它确立了美国的独立地位，并为建立自由民主的社会奠定了基础。
《独立宣言》中所蕴含的自由、平等和追求幸福的理念成为了美国国家精神的基石，为美国未来的发展指明了方向。
独立后的美国建立了一套相对先进的宪政制度，保障了公民的基本权利和自由。
这些价值观和制度对美国社会发展和国家建设产生了深远的影响。
在国际关系方面，美国独立的历史也改变了世界格局。
独立宣言宣告了美国作为一个独立国家的地位，这使得美国能够与其他国家平起平坐并开展外交往来。
美国的崛起也使其成为国际事务中的重要参与者，对世界各地的政治、经济和文化产生了深远的影响。
美国独立革命英文作文
美国独立革命英文作文英文：The American Revolution, also known as the War of Independence, was a significant turning point in American history. It began in 1775 and ended in 1783, resulting in the United States gaining its independence from Great Britain.There were many causes of the American Revolution, including taxation without representation, the Proclamation of 1763, and the Quartering Act. These acts were seen as unfair and oppressive by the colonists, who felt that their rights as British citizens were being violated.One of the most significant events of the American Revolution was the Boston Tea Party in 1773. This was a protest against the British government's monopoly on tea, which led to the colonists dumping 342 chests of tea into Boston Harbor.The American Revolution was fought by both the Continental Army and the militia. The Continental Army was led by George Washington, who played a crucial role in the war. The militia was made up of ordinary citizens who fought for their freedom.The American Revolution had a profound impact on the world. It inspired other nations to fight for their independence and led to the establishment of the United States as a democratic nation.中文：美国独立革命，也被称为独立战争，是美国历史上的一个重要转折点。
美国独立战争论文美国政治论文
2010年12月 第27卷 第6期西南科技大学学报(哲学社会科学版)Journa l of South w estU n i ve rsity o f Sc ience and T echno l ogyDec .2010V o.l 27N o .6收稿日期:2010-06-07作者简介:马泽民(1978-),男,四川三台人,讲师,博士研究生。
研究方向:欧美历史。
基金项目:该文为绵阳师范学院青年项目 从邦联到联邦的转型:以权力为视角的考察 (项目编号:M B2010004)的研究成果。
从依附到独立:美国建国早期中央权力的转型及启示马泽民1,2(1.绵阳师范学院历史文化与旅游管理学院 四川绵阳 621000;2.中国人民大学历史学院 北京 100872)!摘要∀从第二届大陆会议到邦联政府时期,美国中央权力是以软弱和依附为特征,主要体现为行政权从属于立法权,立法权受制于州权,中央权力依附于州权。
在战争的特殊时期,中央权力机制尚能得到各州的有限支持而得以勉强运行。
战争结束后,各州以自我利益为重,中央权力运行举步维艰,并有导致无政府的危险。
1787年宪法的首要问题是确保了立法权和行政权的独立性,解决了中央权力的依附性问题,使之走上了独立发展的阶段,成功地实现了中央权力的转型。
!关键词∀邦联;中央权力;依附;独立!中图分类号∀K712!文献标识码∀A !文章编号∀1672-4860(2010)06-0056-06Fro m Dependence to I ndependence :The Transfor m ation of Early CentralPower in the United States and It #s Enlighten m entMA Ze m i n1,2(1.Schoo l ofH istorical Cult u re and Touris m M anage m en,t M ianyang Nor m a lUn i v ertsity ,M ianyang 621000,S i c huan,China ;2.Schoo l o fH istory ,Renm i n University o f China ,Beiji n g 100872,China)Abstract :The Am erica central po w er w as weak and dependent fo llo w i n g as executive po w er belong ing to leg islati v e po w er ,leg islative po w er belong ing to State po w er ,center po w er cli n ging to State po w er fro m the Second Conti n ent Congress to Confederation Gover nm en.t Duri n g the W ar o f I ndependence ,cen tra l po w er m echanis m partly functi o ned due to li m ited support by States .W hen t h e w ar ended ,ho w ever ,the po w er m echanis m w as steeped to the li p s i n abeyance and the nati o n faced the risk of fa lli n g into anarchy be cause Sta tes took loca l benefits over central governm en.t The 1787Constitution firstl y focused on constitu ti n g the independence o f execu ti v e pow er and leg islati v e po w er ,and so lved independent prob l e m o f cen tral po w er and avo i d ed the reappearance ofm onarch is m .The constitution successfully carried out transfor m ati o n of centra l po w er .K ey w ords :The Un ited States ;Con federati o n ;C entral Po w er ;Dependence ;I ndependence 1781年生效的∃邦联条例%共有13条中,仅有2条12款是规定邦联政府的权力,其中还有不少是制约邦联政府权力的内容;而1787年联邦宪法7条21款中,共有3条17款是规定联邦政府的权力,这表明∃邦联条例%的重点在州权而不在中央政府的权力,联邦宪法则相反。
有关美国独立战争原因的英文作文
有关美国独立战争原因的英文作文The American Revolution: A Struggle for IndependenceThe American Revolution was a pivotal moment in the history of the United States, a conflict that would ultimately lead to the birth of a new nation. The causes of this momentous event were multifaceted, rooted in a complex web of political, economic, and social factors that had been brewing for years. As the American colonies sought to assert their autonomy and resist the growing control of the British Empire, the stage was set for a momentous clash that would shape the course of history.At the heart of the American Revolution lay the issue of taxation without representation. The British government, facing mounting debts from the French and Indian War, sought to raise funds by imposing a series of taxes on the colonies. The Stamp Act, the Townshend Acts, and the Tea Act were all met with fierce resistance from the colonists, who argued that they had no say in the imposition of these levies. The rallying cry "No taxation without representation" became a unifying force, as the colonists demanded a voice in the decisions that affected their lives.Alongside the issue of taxation, the colonists also chafed under the growing political control exerted by the British government. The colonies had long enjoyed a degree of autonomy, with their own local governments and legislative bodies. However, as the British Empire sought to tighten its grip, the colonists felt their freedoms and liberties were being eroded. The Boston Massacre, the Intolerable Acts, and the closing of the port of Boston all served to heighten tensions and fuel the growing sense of resentment towards the Crown.Economic factors also played a significant role in the lead-up to the American Revolution. The colonies had developed a thriving economy, with a robust trade network that extended across the Atlantic. However, the British government's mercantilist policies, which favored the interests of the mother country, often came at the expense of the colonies. The colonists resented the restrictions placed on their ability to engage in trade, as well as the requirement to ship goods exclusively to Britain.Moreover, the growing sense of American identity and the desire for self-governance also contributed to the revolutionary fervor. As the colonies developed their own unique cultural, social, and political institutions, they began to see themselves less as subjects of the British Crown and more as citizens of a distinct and emerging nation. The writings of thinkers like Thomas Paine and the ideas of theEnlightenment further fueled this sense of national identity and the belief that the colonies had the right to determine their own destiny.The events that unfolded in the years leading up to the American Revolution were a testament to the determination and resilience of the colonists. From the Boston Tea Party to the battles of Lexington and Concord, the colonists demonstrated their willingness to take up arms and fight for their principles. The Declaration of Independence, penned by Thomas Jefferson, eloquently articulated the colonists' grievances and their belief in the inalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.The American Revolution was a complex and multifaceted struggle, one that pitted the might of the British Empire against the determination of a people seeking to forge their own path. The causes of this momentous event were rooted in a long history of political, economic, and social tensions, and the outcome would have far-reaching consequences for the future of the United States and the world. As we reflect on this pivotal moment in history, we are reminded of the power of the human spirit to overcome adversity and fight for the ideals of freedom and self-determination.。
the_independence_war(美国独立战争)
June 14 – the Flag Day
American Flag
"Star and Stripes, Old Glory “-星条旗，永不落” the first flag ,it was used in the The Declaration of Independence
»Various changes have been made to the size, shape, design and arrangement of the American flag between 1st January 1776 to August 21 1960,and totally it has been changed 28 times.
Agreed to take steps to organize and equip an American army
Appointed George Washington commander in chief of the Continental Army
3.FORM A STATE
The Declaration of Independence
the draft of Treaty Of Paris
III. Significance
The American War of Independence was of great historical importance and influence. A new republic emerged and it marked a new beginning of American history. It tells the world that a just cause will sooner or later win while the evil cause will certainly lose. The victory of the American people also greatly encouraged the people in the colonies ruled by the Spanish and promoted the national liberation struggle of the other colonies in the world.
历史论文范文案例与讨论
历史论文范文案例与讨论历史论文是研究历史事件、人物或时代的重要途径之一。
历史论文要求准确、全面地呈现历史事件的发展、原因和影响，并通过对历史资料和文献的研究来支持自己的论点。
本文将为您提供一篇历史论文的范文，并对其中涉及的历史事件进行讨论和解析。
范文：《美国独立战争对国际关系的影响》一、引言美国独立战争是美国历史上的重要事件之一，对国际关系产生了深远的影响。
本文将分析美国独立战争对国际关系的影响，并探讨其原因和意义。
二、美国独立战争的背景美国独立战争发生在18世纪末期，是美洲殖民地与英国殖民统治者之间的一场争取独立的战争。
这场战争的起因是英国对美洲殖民地征收高额税费，并限制其自治权。
三、美国独立战争的原因美国独立战争的原因主要有两个方面。
首先，英国对美洲殖民地的压迫和剥削引发了美洲民众的不满和反抗。
其次，美洲殖民地的精英阶层意识到，只有摆脱英国的统治，才能实现真正的自治和独立。
四、美国独立战争对国际关系的影响1. 影响殖民地解放潮美国独立战争的胜利激励了其他殖民地的解放运动。
各个殖民地开始反抗殖民统治，追求独立和自主。
这场战争为其他殖民地解放运动提供了范例和启示。
2. 形成现代国际政治秩序美国独立战争打破了英国在美洲的统治，导致了美国的独立建国。
这标志着欧洲列强对美洲的殖民统治的终结，形成了现代国际政治秩序中的一个重要环节。
3. 推动了法国大革命的爆发美国独立战争的成功鼓舞了法国民众追求自由和权利的斗争。
法国大革命在一定程度上受到了美国独立战争的影响，并从中汲取了一定的启示。
五、结论美国独立战争是一场具有深远意义的历史事件。
它不仅为美国的独立和国家建设打下了基础，而且对国际关系产生了重要的影响。
本文对美国独立战争的背景、原因以及对国际关系的影响进行了分析和讨论，从中我们可以看到历史事件对于塑造世界格局和推动社会发展的重要性。
六、参考文献[1] 美国独立战争的影响及意义[J]. 大西洋新闻网, 2016(5): 30-35.[2] Smith, J. The American Revolution and Its Global Impact. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000.通过这个范文案例，我们可以看出历史论文的写作方式与结构。
the American war of independence
The American War of Independence ContentsⅠ. The introductionThe American War of Independence (1775-1783), played a very important role in American history. The reasons why we choose this topic are to make people know the relevant facts and its influence about this war. It was a conflict between 13 British colonies on the eastern seaboard of North America and their parent country, Great Britain. France later intervened as an ally of the independent states, and the war resulted in the colonies becoming a separate nation, the United States of America. It is also known as the American Revolutionary War. Now we want to tell you something about the American War of Independence, such as its causes, main events, main figures and its outcome. Besides, we want to let you know something about the Declaration of Independence and the founding fathers as well.Ⅱ. The causesThe War had many causes such as long-term social, economic, and political changes in the colonies before 1750 provided the basis for an independent nation with representative political institutions.1. Seven Years' WarThe end of the Seven Years' War (1756-63), which had its North American beginning in 1754 and was known in America as the French and Indian War, made Britain remove a long-standing threat to the colonies. However, Britain accumulated a large debt over the course of the war. To help pay off the debt, Britain turned to the colonies to generate revenue and they came into conflict with the political traditions and assumptions of the colonists who resisted what they saw as unconstitutional parliamentary innovation. Britain's king, George III, who had succeeded to the throne in 1760, was determined to play an active role in governing the nation. Due to the king's ineptitude, however, the result was political instability and a lack of direction innational affairs at the same time that Britain's crisis with its American colonies developed.2. The Stamp ActIn 1765 the British Parliament passed the Stamp Act. It was the first direct tax to be levied on the American colonies, it required that all newspapers, legal documents and other papers issued in the colonies bear a stamp. The colonists argued that they should not be taxed since they had no representation in the British government. Faced with a loss of trade, Parliament repealed the Stamp Act in 1766.3. The Boston MassacreOn March 5, 1770, a crowd of jeering Bostonians slinging snowballs gathered around a small group of British soldiers guarding the Boston Customs House. The soldiers killed four civilians in the Boston Massacre. The event helped to unite the colonies against Britain and spark the colonists’ desire for American independence. 4. The Boston Tea PartyThe colonists refused to buy the English tea. They viewed the Tea Act as another violation of their constitutional right not to be taxed without representation. Colonial merchants also feared that the act would allow the East India Company to monopolize the tea trade and put them out of business. In Philadelphia and New York City the colonists would not permit British ships to unload tea. In Boston, in the so-called Boston Tea Party, a group of citizens, many disguised as Indians and threw 342 chests of tea into the harbor waters.5. First Continental CongressThe First Continental Congress was a convention of delegates from twelve of the thirteen North American colonies that met on September 5, 1774, at Carpenters' Hall in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Called in response to the passage of the Intolerable Acts by the British Parliament, the Congress was attended by 56 members appointed by the legislatures of twelve of the Thirteen Colonies, the exception being the Province of Georgia, which did not send delegates.The Congress met briefly to consider options, including an economic boycott of British trade and passed resolutions asserting colonial rights.6. Thomas Paine’s Common SenseOn January 10, 1776, Thomas Paine published Common Sense to encourage the colonists to strive for independence. He was the first to openly suggest independence from Britain. His booklet inspired the colonists and would have a major influence on Tomas Jefferson in his writing of the Declaration of Independence.Ⅲ. The main events1. Lexington and Concord (the beginning)On April 19, 1775, 700 British soldiers were sent to Concord to search for weapons and “rebellious”colonists. When the troops reached Lexington at dawn, they encountered militiamen .Fighting broke out and the first shots in the American War of Independence were fired.The shots of Lexington2. Second Continental CongressIn May 1775, the Second Continental Congress was held in Philadelphia and began to assume the functions of a national government. It founded the Continental Army and Navy under the command of George Washington. It printed paper money and opened diplomatic relations with foreign powers.Second Continental Congress3. SaratogaIt is the turning point of the war. Burgoyne, with about 7000 men, was at first successful. On July 6 he took Fort Ticonderoga, and by July 29 he had reached the upper Hudson River, where he waited for additional supplies from Canada. Meanwhile, he sent a Hessian foraging party east into Vermont; this force was cut to pieces in the Battle of Bennington by Vermont and New Hampshire militia. The battle not only cost Burgoyne heavy casualties but stimulated American militia enlistments. He proceeded south in September but was further depleted in two battles near Saratoga with militiamen and Continental troops under Maj. Gen. Horatio Gates. On October 17 Burgoyne surrendered his army, with less than 5000 men, to Gates. Once news of Burgoyne's surrender reached France, King Louis XVI decided to enter into negotiations with the Americans that resulted in a Franco-American alliance.(The Battle of Saratoga)4. Howe's capture of PhiladelphiaGermain approved both Burgoyne's plan for British troops to cut off New England from the south, and Howe's plan to move south with the main British army and attack Philadelphia. Such plans, Howe imagined, would quickly end the war. He landed (August 25) at the head of Chesapeake Bay and marched on Philadelphia. Washington vainly tried to check him at Brandywine Creek, Pa., but on September 26 Howe entered Philadelphia. Before his advance, the Continental Congress fled, first to York, Pa., and then to Baltimore. On October 4, Washington attacked Howe at Germantown, just north of Philadelphia, but was defeated after hard fighting. Washington, with about 11,000 men, then went into winter quarters at Valley Forge.A few months later he was joined by Baron Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben, the Prussian officer who would help forge the Continental army into a professional fighting force and take part in the Battle of Monmouth and the siege of Yorktown.5. The French AllianceIn February 1778, France recognized the independence of the colonies and signed a treaty of commerce and alliance with the new nation.After the signing of the treaty French supplies of arms, ammunition, and uniforms proved vital for theContinental Army. French involvement in the war would prove to be important during the Siege of Yorktown when 10,800 French regulars and 29 French Warships, under the command of the Comte de Rochambeau and Comte de Grasse respectfully, joined forces with Gen. George Washington and the Marquis de Lafayette to obtain the surrender of Lord Cornwallis's Southern army, and effectively bringing an end fighting on the North American mainland for the remainder of the war. Despite efforts by Britain to negotiate separate treaties with their opponents in the American War of Independence, Spain, France, and the United States held together during their negotiations with England and concluded hostilities by signing the 1783 Treaty of Paris.George Washington at Monmouth6. YorktownOn August 14 Washington received word that de Grasse was bringing the French fleet to Chesapeake Bay. He immediately decided to attack Cornwallis at Yorktown, Va. The troops of Washington and Rochambeau marched south, leaving a containing force to watch Clinton in New York. Some 16,000 American and French troops and Virginia militia, under Washington's command, laid siege to Yorktown. Cornwallis made several vain attempts to break through allied lines, but on Oct. 19, 1781, he was obliged to surrender.(Siege of Yorktown)7. Treaty of ParisYorktown marked the end of serious hostilities in North America, although peace negotiations dragged on until the Treaty of Paris was signed on Sept. 3, 1783. Great Britain recognized the independence of the former colonies as the United States of America and acknowledged its new borders as extending west to the Mississippi, north to Canada and south to the Florida. It had a great influence on liberal thought throughout Europe. The struggles and successes of the youthful democracy were much in the minds of those who brought about the French Revolution, and most assuredly later helped to inspire revolutionists in Spain’s American colonies.Ⅳ. The main figuresa. George WashingtonHe was the commander of the Continental Army in the American War of Independence(1775–1783) and the first President of the United States of America (1789–1797). For his central role in the formation of the United States, he is often referred to as the father of his country.The Continental Congress appointed Washington commander-in-chief of the American revolutionary forces in 1775. The following year, he forced the British out of Boston, lost New York City, and crossed the Delaware River in New Jersey, defeating the surprised enemy units later that year. As a result of his strategy, Revolutionary forces captured the two main British combat armies at Saratoga and Yorktown. Negotiating with Congress, the colonial states, and French allies, he held together a tenuous army and a fragile nation amid the threats of disintegration and failure. Following the end of the war in 1783, King George III asked what Washington would do next and was told of rumors that he'd return to his farm; this prompted the king to state, "If he does that, he will be the greatest man in the world." Washington did return to private life and retired to his plantation at Mount Vernon.b. The William HoweThe William Howe, 5th Viscount Howe, (August 10, 1729 –July 12, 1814) was a British General who was Commander-in-Chief of British forces during the American War of Independence , one of the three Howe brothers. He was knighted after his successes in 1775 and was henceforth Sir William. Howe's record in the war was marked by the costly victorious assault on Breed's Hill known as the Battle of Bunker Hill and the successful capture of both New York City and Philadelphia—the latter of which would have significant strategic implications.Ⅴ. The outcomea. The biggest outcome of the revolutionary war was that the 13 English colonies were freed from British rule.b. Trade was reconnected between the colonies and other parts of the world that had been cut off by King George.c. The unfair taxation by the British was stopped, and people no longer had to house and feed soldiers stationed in their towns.Ⅵ. The Declaration of Independence (1776)The Second Continental Congress also chose Tomas Jefferson to daft the Declaration of independence .The document defined the rights of the people of the independent states. On July 2, 1776, the members of The Second Continental Congress voted in favor of independence. On July 4, the delegates held a second vote and approved the Declaration of Independence. July 4, 1776 is officially recognized as the birth of America.The Declaration of independence is at once the nation’s most cherished symbol of liberty and Jefferson’s most enduring monument. It introduced a fundamental change in the view of government. Tomas Jefferson declared that governments were created to serve the people, and could only act with consent of the people. The political philosophy of Declaration was not new. The ideals of natural rights and individual liberty had already been expressed by John Locke and other European philosophers. What Jefferson did was to summarize this philosophy in “self-evident truths”and set forth a list of grievances against the British king in order to justify before the world the breaking of ties between the colonies and the mother country.Language in the Declaration of independence was in the British liberal tradition and reflected a belief in the freedoms of Britain’s constitution. The declaration stated:We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness.Ⅶ. The founding fathersa.George WashingtonGeorge WashingtonGeorge Washington was the commander of the Continental Army in the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783) and the first President of the United States of America (1789–1797). For his central role in the formation of the United States, he is often referred to as the father of his country.Washington did return to private life and retired to his plantation at Mount Vernon.He presided over the Philadelphia Convention that drafted the United States Constitution in 1787 because of general dissatisfaction with the Articles of Confederation. Washington became President of the United States in 1789 and established many of the customs and usages of the new government's executive department. He sought to create a nation capable of surviving in a world torn asunder by war between Britain and France. His unilateral Proclamation of Neutrality of 1793 provided a basis for avoiding any involvement in foreign conflicts. He supported plans to build a strong central government by funding the national debt, implementing an effective tax system, and creating a national bank.b.Benjamin FranklinBenjamin FranklinBenjamin Franklin (January 17, 1706–April 17, 1790) was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States of America. As a noted polymath, Franklin was a leading author and printer, satirist, political theorist, politician, scientist, inventor, civic activist, statesman, soldier, and diplomat.He was an early proponent of colonial unity, and as a political writer and activist, he supported the idea of an American nation. As a diplomat during the American War of Independence, he secured the French alliance that helped to make independence of the United States possible. From 1775 to 1776, Franklin was the Postmaster General under the Continental Congress and from 1785 to 1788, the President of the Supreme Executive Council of Pennsylvania. Toward the end of his life, he became one of the most prominent abolitionists. He was on the committee to draft the Declaration of Independence, which he also signed. He was also part of a trio sent to France in September of 1776, eventually joined the American War of Independence. After the war, he returned to France as U. S. Minister to that country (1776-1785).He is also one of negotiators of the treaty of peace with Great Britain. He was also the advocate of a strong federal government balanced by a respect for individual rights.c.Thomas JeffersonThomas JeffersonThomas Jefferson (April 13, 1743 –July 4, 1826) was the third President of the United States (1801–1809), the principal author of the Declaration of Independence (1776), and one of the most influential Founding Fathers for his promotion of the ideals of republicanism in the United States.Jefferson served as a delegate to the Second Continental Congress beginning in June 1775, soon after the outbreak of the American War of Independence. When Congress began considering a resolution of independence in June 1776, Jefferson was appointed to a five-man committee to prepare a declaration to accompany the resolution. Jefferson completed a draft in consultation with other committee members, drawing on his own proposed draft of the Virginia Constitution, George Mason's draft of the Virginia Declaration of Rights, and other sources.Jefferson showed his draft to the committee, which made some final revisions, and then presented it to Congress on June 28, 1776. After voting in favor of the resolution of independence on July 2, Congress turned its attention to the declaration. Over several days of debate, Congress made a few changes in wording and deleted nearly a fourth of the text, most notably a passage critical of the slave trade, changes that Jefferson resented. On July 4, 1776, the wording of the Declaration of Independence was approved.Major events during his presidency include the Louisiana Purchase (1803) and the Lewis and Clark Expedition (1804–1806).。
美国独立战争英语作文
美国独立战争英语作文The American War of Independence, also known as the American Revolutionary War, was a pivotal conflict that took place between 1775 and 1783. It was a fight for freedom and self-governance by the thirteen American colonies against British rule.The war began with the shots fired at Lexington and Concord in April 1775, marking the first military engagements of the conflict. The colonists, who were seeking to protect their rights and liberties, formed the Continental Army, led by General George Washington. The British, with a well-established military, were a formidable opponent.Throughout the war, key battles such as the Battle of Bunker Hill, the Battle of Saratoga, and the Siege of Yorktown played crucial roles in shaping the outcome. The Battle of Saratoga, in particular, was a turning point, as it convinced France to support the American cause, providing vitalmilitary and financial assistance.The war was not only fought on the battlefield but also through diplomacy. The Treaty of Paris, signed in 1783, officially ended the war and recognized the independence of the United States. This treaty marked the end of British colonial rule and the beginning of a new nation.The American War of Independence had profound effects on theworld. It inspired other nations to seek independence and self-governance. The ideals of liberty, equality, and the right to self-determination that were fought for during this war continue to resonate today.In conclusion, the American War of Independence was a defining moment in history that shaped the modern world. It was a struggle for freedom and the establishment of a new nation based on democratic principles. The bravery and determination of those who fought for independence continue to inspire people around the world.。
评价美国独立战争作文英语
评价美国独立战争作文英语Title: Evaluation of the American Revolutionary War。
The American Revolutionary War, spanning from 1775 to 1783, marks a pivotal moment in history, as it laid the groundwork for the birth of a new nation and reshaped the global landscape. Evaluating this conflict requires a comprehensive analysis of its causes, key events, and ultimate outcomes.Firstly, the underlying causes of the American Revolutionary War were deeply rooted in the tensions between the American colonies and the British government. Issues such as taxation without representation, restrictions on trade, and lack of autonomy fueled resentment among the colonists. These grievances led to acts of defiance, such as the Boston Tea Party, and eventually escalated into armed conflict at Lexington and Concord in 1775.The war itself was characterized by a series ofmilitary engagements that ebbed and flowed over the course of eight years. The American colonies, though lacking in military experience and resources compared to the formidable British Empire, displayed remarkable resilience and determination. Key battles such as Saratoga and Yorktown demonstrated the colonists' ability to effectively wage guerrilla warfare and leverage support from foreign powers like France.One of the most significant outcomes of the Revolutionary War was the Treaty of Paris in 1783, which formally ended hostilities and recognized the independence of the United States. This marked a profound shift in the global balance of power, as the upstart American nation emerged as a sovereign entity separate from British rule.The American Revolutionary War also had far-reaching implications beyond its immediate context. It inspired other nations around the world to pursue their own quests for independence and self-determination. The ideals of liberty, democracy, and individual rights championed by theAmerican revolutionaries reverberated across continents, influencing subsequent revolutions in France, Latin America, and beyond.However, it is essential to acknowledge thecomplexities and contradictions inherent in the American Revolutionary War. While it led to the creation of a democratic republic founded on principles of equality and liberty, it also perpetuated injustices such as slavery and the displacement of Indigenous peoples. The promise of freedom extended primarily to white, land-owning men, while marginalized groups continued to face systemic oppression.In conclusion, the American Revolutionary War was a transformative and multifaceted event that shaped thecourse of history. It was a testament to the power of human agency and the enduring quest for freedom and self-governance. While it achieved the noble goal ofestablishing American independence, it also underscored the challenges and contradictions inherent in the pursuit of liberty. As we reflect on this pivotal moment in history,it is crucial to confront its complexities honestly andstrive to uphold the principles of justice and equality for all.。
美国独立战争胜利的原因英语作文
美国独立战争胜利的原因英语作文The reason for the victory of the American War of Independence lies in the nature reflected in the war itself-the justice of a brand-new nation fighting for national independence against colonial rule. At the same time, the American War of Independence reflected the arrival of a new era, and its victory was even more profound. As Marx said, the United States was "the place where the first declaration of human rights was announced and the European revolution in the 18th century was first promoted". It was the first place where the idea of a great democratic republic came into being. " Based on this, it is necessary for us to study the reasons for the victory of the war, which will be of great help to the study of national independence and national liberation movements in the world since the 19th century. This is a just war.In the early 17th century, the British began to establish colonies along the Atlantic coast of North America. After more than one hundred years, there were 13 British colonies in North America. In addition to British immigrants and indigenous Indians, the residents of these colonies also came from other European countries and Africa. Black slaves. Every colony is ruled by a governor sent by Britain. In order to increase the fiscal revenue, the British government continuously increased the tax revenue of the colonies, and brutally squeezed and exploited the colonies.In order to safeguard the monopoly interests of the British mainland, some laws and regulations restricting the development of colonial economy were promulgated, such as " navigation acts", " Stamp Duty Regulations", "Townsend Tax Law" and so on. At the same time, the Boston Massacre also happened, which aroused the resistance of the people in North America, and the Boston people in the North American colony opposed the British East India Company's monopoly of tea trade-"Boston Tea Dumping Incident". With the intensification and cruel rule of the British colonists, the people of the North American colonies had to "rise up" for their own survival.。
美国独立战争的意义（英文版）
美国独立战争的意义（英文版）美国独立战争的意义（英文版）The meaning of the American Independence WarThe war of American independence could be described as a civil war within the Thirteen Colonies which then transformed to a major war between European powers, Great Britain, Spanish, and German. During the war the Americans benefited greatly from international assistance and finally realized its independence as the United States. After the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776, it was a war between two different nations, America and Great Britain, as the Revolutionaries legitimately controlled the governments of all the thirteen colonies. In a world, the war changed the pattern of world.Moreover, the American Independence War was the first case in which colonies successfully won its independence through fighting, thus it set an example for the liberation of colonies all over the world. Also,it’s a bourgeois War which overthrew the rule of Great Britain and liberated the productive forces. Just as Lenin said, the modern civilization of American history began from a great war which brought true liberation, and true revolutionary.This combination of factors led ultimately to the downfall of British rule in A merica and the rise of the revolutionaries’ own independent nation, the United States of America. I believe that was the biggest meaning of the American Independence War. (204 words)。
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The Independence War
During the sixteenth century, the British parliament imposed a number of taxes and duties on their colonies in order to recover its economy after seven years’ war. For example, the stamp act, the Townshend acts and the tea acts created resentment in the colonies. In response to British taxes on tea, Boston radicals disguised as Native Americans threw 350 chests of tea into Boston harbor on December 16, 1773. In some degree, the Boston tea party was an important symbolic act of resistance to British economic control of the colonies.
The British were extremely quick to react in punishing the colonies. The coercive acts all took effect by May of 1774. Thus, fifty-six delegates from every colony except Georgia attended the first Continental Congress in Philadelphia on September 5, 1774. The results of this meeting were that disobey the coercive act, boycott British trade the third was that colonies should begin to organize militias and store weapons to defend themselves. In addition, they also compromised to sent a petition to George 3 in order to find out if there was any chance for negotiations with British. However, the British monarch even did not reply the petition which triggered the anger of colonial people.
Obviously, tensions between British and the America intensified in the 1770s after the Boston tea party. In 1776, due to appearance of the book named Common Sense, people’s recognition of the monarchy had made a huge change. The impact of the Thomas Paine’s Common Sense on colonial thoughts was immense. It seemed that the colonial people were ready to separate from the old world and look forward to creating a new fantastic world.
Therefore, the purpose of the second Continental Congress, which met in Philadelphia in May of 1775, was clear: to get the American colonies ready for war. It authorized the printing of paper money to buy supplies, establish a committee to supervise the foreign relationship and create a continental army and navy which was led by George Washington.
Then, on June 7, 1776, a representative of Georgia made a motion at the meeting of the second continental congress in Philadelphia which proposed that American colonies should make a confederate form of government. So, here came the declaration of independence, Thomas Jefferson was appointed to draft this
declaration and assisted by John Adams and Benjamin Franklin. Jefferson’ argument maintained that men had certainly” unalienable rights” that include” Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness.” This document was formally adopted by the Congress on July 4, 1776.The Declaration justified the independence of the United States by listing colonial grievances against King George III, and by asserting certain natural and legal rights, including a right of revolution.
All in all, the independence war in America do reflect some historic facts. And this war should be branded on our memory since it represent the rise of a superpower country which will play a dominant role in the future world.。