科技英语阅读段落翻译2
科技英语阅读段落翻译
Space explorationRobots will not only help us on this world. But will also help us explore other worlds. In fact, space exploration is one of the most promising usages for robots. Since these machines are not so susceptible to the elements that could hurt or kill people. Robots can withstand radiation, heat, cold and can function without an atmosphere. Also robots have a much longer life span. So voyages to other solar systems as well as other planets would be possible. Robots could communicate with us and if something went wrong and destroyed, the space vehicle and a machine would be lost, not a human being.机器人用于空间探索机器人不仅会在这个星球上帮助我们，而且还将帮助我们探索别的星球。
实际上，空间探索就是机器人最有前途的用途之一，知识因为机器人对于机器人会使人伤亡的自然环境和条件不很敏感。
机器人能经受得住辐射，耐热又耐寒，而且能在没有大气的环境中的工作。
此外，机器人的使用寿命长得多。
因此不但可飞往别的行星，而且可飞往别的星系。
机器人可跟我们进行通信联络，要是有什么东西除了毛病，而损坏了宇宙飞行器的话，失去的是机器人而不是人。
科技英语阅读翻译(张敏)
Unlocking the Climate Puzzle解开气候之谜(1)Life has prospered on this planet for nearly four billion years. In that time, climate had fluctuated drastically, from ice ages lasting tens of thousands of years to epochs of steamy heat. With each change, sundry species have benefited and flourished.Others adapted, faltered， or died. Now, many experts believe， humans are imperiling their own ecological niche with the threat of global warming. The vaporous by—products of civilization， in the form of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (C0₂), have trapped enough heat in the atmosphere to raise Earth's average surface air temperature a half degree Celsius (one degree Fahrenheit) during this century. If the trend continues， it could alter climate patterns worldwide-thawing glaciers， boosting sea level, scorching plains into deserts, and shifting vegetation zones。
科技英语阅读期末考试翻译部分解读
UNIT23. Translate the sentences into Chinese.1如果能够充分满足制造量子计算机所需的条件,量子纠错就能消除物理上合理的计算误差及退相干过程所带来的影响。
2虽然这个极限视具体情况而定,但大家达成一个共识:为了实现可扩展性要求,一个量子门运用中所产生的错误率必须小于0.0001。
(错误概率是一种不太精确的量化量子计算过程错误的方法。
3满足这些要求的一个量子位的储存器已经面世了,两个量子位的储存器也快了。
4已经进行了大量实验,包括核磁共振系统(量子位与分子中核自旋相关和光学系统(用光子实现量子位。
5理想情况下,所有的(量子计算应基于一些基本元件,利用这些元件的量子特性所需的额外资源远少于用它们进行经典计算时所需。
UNIT33. Translate the sentences into Chinese.1 为了成功打击网络犯罪,我们必须保持警惕并且一起来对付犯罪者。
这需要全球政府间的通力合作以使网络罪犯陷入绝境。
2 今天的网络犯罪已经变得更加复杂,他们的攻击目标更明确,更具破坏性和更难以侦测,也就是说,在破坏被发现之前可能已经过去几天甚至几个星期了。
3 该犯罪绝大多数是出于经济目的,通常采取的形式是罪犯拦截金融证书凭据,以攻击银行账户。
4 除了大多数企业基本上都知道的并且有预防措施来阻止的病毒,今天对企业网络的最大忧虑来自于对域名和路由系统的操纵。
5 企业需要了解其日常运作所面临的威胁,而政府需要与私营部门共同采取行动,实施正确措施来产生实质的影响。
UNIT43. Translate the sentences into Chinese.1众多技术权威声称因特网具有革命性,改变着一切;随着这种言论,我们这个时代的一般趋势似乎认为历史已经停滞不前。
2产生的影响之一是在当今更加注重变化与速度、而忽视保护与长期的电子纪元,我们如何保存历史记录。
3我们即将跨入数字产品的电子纪元。
科技英语阅读翻译
1all elements are composed of scattered units called atoms,which are the smallest particles than show the characteristics of the element. atoms are tiny units of matter composed of positively charged protons, negatively charged elements ,and electrically neutral neutrons. protons and neutrons, which have almost the same mass,are clustered in the nucleus in the middle of the atom. electrons,which are tiny in comparison to the other units, move around the nucleus at high speed. atoms that have the same number of electrons and protons are electrically neutral. those that have got or lost electrons,and therefor are positively or negatively charged, are called ions.所有的元素都称为原子的散射单元，这是比显示的元件的特性的最小的颗粒组成。
原子是微小单位的物质组成的带正电的质子，带负电荷的元件和电中性的中子。
质子和中子，它们具有几乎相同的质量，聚集在细胞核内的原子在中间。
的电子，这在其他单位相比是微小的，围绕原子核高速移动。
具有相同的电子和质子数的原子是电中性的。
section2 1-4科技英语阅读与翻译
1 Monograph专著1. The general definition of a monographScientific treatises of book length but otherwise variable format prepared by acknowledged experts onspecialized topics for the benefit of others who have specialized in. or who wish to obtain a specialist'sappreciation of, these topics.2. The value of monographs for scientific researchesThe value of monographs lies in the coherence and comprehensiveness of the information and knowledge theycontain, which is important to the specialized researchers to whom they are directed and, therefore, to theadvancement of science and engineering generally.3. The qualities of the authors of monographsThe authors of monographs should have exceptional breadth and depth of knowledge, and must be able tocollect, collate, analyze, integrate, and synthesize all relevant contributions to the archival literature of thescientific and engineering journals and to add original material as required.4. The differences between monographs and books of conference proceedingsMonographs generally are written by specialists for the benefit of other specialists. Textbooks are pedagogicalworks which, even if written on fairly narrow subjects, are designed to serve broader and more juniorreaderships than specialized research communities.5. The differences between monographs and books of conference proceedingsConference papers commonly take the form of premature announcements of new scientific discoveries.Conference proceedings generally have a short shelf life.6. The main components of a monographThe author, title and subtitle, date of publication, dust cover or blurb, content pages, bibliography and index,illustrations, preface and introduction.7. An indication of the book’s successThe number of editions is an indic ation of the book’s success.8. The function of the blurbIt gives the reader a rapid overview of the contents and approach. It might also say what the book contains andfor whom it is written.2 Academic Journal学术期刊1. The general definition of an academic journalAn academic journal is a peer-reviewed periodical in which scholarship relating to a particular academicdiscipline is published.2. The significance of peer-review processThe peer-review process is considered critical to establishing a reliable body of research and knowledge.3. The definition of review articlesReview articles, also called “reviews of progress”, are checks on the research published in journals.4. One difference between original research articles and review articlesUnlike original research articles, review articles tend to be solicited submissions, sometimes planned years inadvance.5. The places where science journals are authoritatively rankedNatural science journals are categorized and ranked in the Science Citation Index, and social science journalsin the Social Science Citation Index.6. The possible quantitative factors to reflect an academic journal’s prestigeThe number of later articles citing articles already published in the journal, the overall number of citations,how quickly articles are cited, and the average “half-life” of articles.7. The financial resources of humanities and social science academic journalsSubsidies by universities or professional organizations and advertising fees by advertisers.8. The role of internet in the production of, and access to, academic journalsThe Internet has revolutionized the production of, and access to, academic journals, with their contentsavailable online via services subscribed to by academic libraries or even in a way of open access. 33 Organization of a Scientific Paper科技论文的篇章结构1. In most scientific journals, scientific papers include the following sectionsSummary or Abstract, Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion, Acknowledgments.2. The content of Summary or AbstractIt gives a brief background to the topic, describes concisely the major findings of the paper, and relates thesefindings to the field of study.3. The Introduction section deals with the following two pointsIt describes first the accepted state of knowledge in a specialized field; then it focuses more specifically on aparticular aspect, usually describing a finding or set of findings that led directly to the work described in thepaper.4. The purpose of Materials and MethodsIts purpose is to describe the materials used in the experiments and the methods by which the experimentswere carried out.5. The two ways of organizing ResultsIn some papers, the results are presented without extensive discussion, which is reserved for thefollowingsection. In other papers, results are given, and then they are interpreted, perhaps taken together with otherfindings not in the paper, so as to give the logical basis for later experiments.6. The purposes of the Discussion sectionThe data in the paper are interpreted; the findings of the paper are related to other findings in the field; thisserves to show how the findings contribute to knowledge, or correct the errors of previous work; some of thelogical arguments are often provided when it is necessary to clarify why later experiments were earned out.7. The reason for combining the Results and DiscussionBecause the data need extensive discussion to allow the reader to follow the train of logic developed in thecourse of the research.8. The difference between the abstracts in Science and those in NatureIn Science, the abstract is self-contained; in Nature, the abstract also serves as a brief introduction to the paper.4 Reading a Scientific Paper科技论文的阅读方法1. The order to understand the major points of the work, you should first readThe Abstract.2. Reading the Title and the Abstract serves three purposesFirst, it clarifies whether you in fact know enough background to appreciate the paper. Second, it refreshesyour memory about the topic. Third, it helps you integrate the new information into your previous knowledgeabout the topic.3. When reading in a familiar field, you can skim or even skipThe Introduction.4. The three typical codewordsData not shown, unpublished data, preliminary data.5. The poorly written papers are often related to three types of writersThose who are poor writers; those who do not enjoy writing, and do not take the time or effort to ensure thatthe prose is dear and logical; those who are so familiar with the material that it is difficult to step back and seeit from the point of view of a reader not familiar with the topic.6. The three characteristics of “bad writing”First, the logical connections are often left out. Second, papers are often cluttered with a great deal of jargon.Third, the authors often do not provide a clear roadmap through the paper.7. In better writing, the side issues are dealt with in the following waysThey are relegated to Figure legends or Materials and Methods or clearly identified as side issues, so as not todistract the reader.8. Another problem faced by the readers is that when they seek to understand just the experiment was,they may findThe authors refer back to previous papers; these refer in turn to previous papers m a long chain.。
科技英语第二单元译文
第二单元能源课文A替代能源的前景美国能源部(DOE)预测，美国居民所使用的能源将在2025年前增加25﹪。
增加的电能中将有一小部分来源于再生能源，而且这部分还会不断增大，这些再生能源包括风力、阳光、水以及地热。
美国能源部称，去年全国能源供应总量中替代能源占6%。
美国太阳能协会执行主席布拉德·柯林斯说：“未来属于再生能源，”该协会是一个非赢利性质的组织，总部设在科罗拉多州的博尔德。
柯林斯还说：“虽然科学家和行业专家对于世界石油和天然气究竟还能供应多久这一问题仍有争议，但可以确定的是这些能源的供应终究要枯竭的。
”较之传统方法生产的能源，再生能源虽然普遍昂贵一些，但是，这些替代能源有利于减少污染，节省矿物燃料。
位于科罗拉多戈尔登市的美国能源部国家再生能源实验室(NREL)的高级工程师保罗·托斯理尼说：“有时人们考虑的只是节省成本的问题。
但它也是一个价值观的问题和我们应当把钱花在哪的问题。
”下面让我们看看再生能源技术的最新开发成果。
太阳能光电（或太阳能发电）系统的原理是将从太阳辐射中获得的光能转变成电力。
现在，小到家用电器，大到办公楼的电气设备，都可以利用太阳能发电。
科技的进步降低了太阳能发电设备的成本。
美国太阳能协会执行主柯林斯说，20世纪80年代，用光电器件获取的能源其平均价格为每千瓦时95美分，而现在这个价格已降低到约20美分。
据美国能源部《能源年刊》报道，既使是比较低廉的价格仍然大大高于全国平均电价，2003年的电价平均仅为每千瓦时8美分多一点。
其他的先进技术还包括“薄膜”光电技术，这是一种高科技涂层，可以将贴附有这种薄膜的任何物体的表层转变成太阳能源。
使用这种薄膜的船只和娱乐用车现在已经上市。
工程师还将这种可以发电的薄膜覆盖在屋顶材料上。
托斯理尼说“人们在安装屋顶的同时也安装了太阳能板”。
这种材料不仅可以抵抗恶劣的天气，而且在晴天可以吸收太阳光发电。
同时，国家再生能源实验室在研制开发效率更高价格更低的太阳能发电系统。
科技英语课文翻译及课后答案
第一单元自动化第二部分阅读A自动化的含义“自动化”已经是，而且现在仍然是，一个被大量滥用的词。
但是，人们对其确切的意义以及所包括的内容，正在逐渐地有了较为正确的了解。
如果不是下一个定义的话，我也许可以尝试作些解释，把自动化说成是一个概念。
运用这个概念，人们通过对机器装置的性能进行充分的测量、观察和控制，从而使其以最高的效率运转。
这需要对这种装置的功能有一个详细而连贯性的了解，以便需要时便能运用最佳的矫正操作。
自动化按其确切的意义，只有全面运用通信、计算和控制三个主要组成部分（“三C" )才能完全实现。
我认为，确保人们对合为一体的三个组成部分对我们的社会所蕴含着的某些意义有所认识和了解，是很有必要的。
首先，我们不妨考虑工业部门之一的炼钢工业。
在炼钢工业中，自动化已经开始成型。
到过钢厂的人都会知道从高炉开始的各种工艺流程的一些情况，成品条钢或板钢生产出来之后，再准备送往制造工艺车间或汽车厂，这些工艺流程是相互链接的。
为了使工厂中各个车间充分发挥效率，可以使用计算机来控制每个车间。
在此之前，计算机工作所需要的一切资料均输入机内。
就高炉来说，需要给计算机提供装人高炉的原料的信息、高炉工作温度的信息和处理各种各样配料的最好方法等方面的资料。
钢厂的高炉操作是一项复杂而要求技术熟练的作业，需要大量的知识和大量的综合信息，并迅速地做出判定选择，以便确保高炉工艺流程中的下一阶段的有效工作。
计算机对所有这一切都了解得很透彻，能够做出非常大量的中间判定，并且能够把全部信息立刻和不间断地提供给管理人员，以使他们做出高效管理这个工厂所需要的最后决定。
由此产生的信息数据和判定要进行处理，然后转送到下一个工序。
在这里，对操作的一些专门细节再次进行整理，提出最佳和最终的判定，然后对这些信息再一次进行处理并输送给下一道工序。
同时，当信息数据从生产单元的一道工序输送到下一工序并完全结合成为一项新的操作时，每次变化的结果反馈到最初阶段，而且，不断地做进一步的调整，结果是整个工厂的工艺流程便能够高效率地进行下去。
科技英语阅读第二单元discoures understanding
A、Now, let’s talk about the kind of muscle you think of when we say “muscle”—the ones that show how strong you are and let you boot a soccer ball into the goal.现在，让我们来谈谈那种当我们说起肌肉时你会想到的肌肉——那些能显示你有多强壮，并让你将足球踢进球门的肌肉。
B、Skeletal muscles come in many different sizes and shapes to allow them to do many types of jobs.骨骼肌有许多不同大小和形状来让他们做很多类型的工作。
C、Together, the skeletal muscles work with your bones to give your body power and strength.骨骼肌与你的骨头一起给你的身体力量和强度。
D、Smooth muscles are also found in your bladder.你的膀胱也有平滑肌。
E、Tendons are cords made of tough tissue, and they work as special connector pieces between bone and muscle.肌腱是由坚韧的组织连接而成，它们作为骨和肌肉之间的特殊连接器件。
F、Smooth muscles—sometimes also called involuntary muscles—are usually in sheets, or layers, with one of muscle behind the other.平滑肌——有时也被称为非自愿的肌肉——通常在表或肌肉背后另一层的图层。
科技英语基础阅读第二版龚玲莉翻译
1.1苹果有一款新的热销产品，在欧美大部分地区已经卖到断货。
1.2如果你网上预定，六周后才能送达。
1.3一条网上评论写道，这是多年来最好的一款苹果产品。
1.4实用并且精巧的设计，使它拥有苹果产品史上最高的消费者满意度，根据creative strategies 和Experian两家公司的调查研究。
2.1如此的热情令苹果的老板们喜忧参半。
2.2我们今天讨论的这款产品是无线耳机airpods，看起来像苹果的传统耳机，只是没了数据线。
2.3定价在159美元，airpods可能是价值数十亿美元的一款商品。
像苹果手表，苹果于2015年开始销售的一种可穿戴设备。
2.4但是耳机并不是人们期待已久的具有改革能力的，极其具有利润的创新产品。
3.1在苹果最大的拳头产品推出后，这种等待并没有持续太久。
3.2在2007年6月29日，iPhone第一次开售。
3.3自此，苹果已经卖出了大约12亿部手机，并且取得了超过7400亿美元的销售额，从最畅销的科技设备可以看出。
3.4 2016年，苹果2160亿美元的销售额，其中三分之二来自于iPhone。
4.1登顶之后就是下山了。
4.2关于苹果的将来如何，苹果是否能设计出另一款与之相媲美的产品，这些问题一直困扰这苹果公司。
4.3持续增长的手机拥有率正在放缓，全球大约五分之二的人现在拥有一部手机。
4.4苹果也面临着更多的竞争，尤其是在中国（仅次于北美的第二大重要市场），其销量一直下滑，令人愈发担忧苹果正面临“苹果见顶”。
5.1即使苹果每年已经花费100亿美元用于研发，“人们并不指望能有所创新”，amit表示。
5.2这就解释了为什么公司的市盈率是2018预期收入（剔除现金）的十倍左右，低于信息技术产业的12到14倍。
6.1当然，苹果从拳头产品向多元化发展的尝试有瑕疵。
6.2败绩之一是电视行业，全球价值大约2600亿美元的市场。
6.3苹果的电视产品是一个有线机顶盒，仅能够提供其他公司，例如Netflix的节目，并不是苹果高管们所承诺的具有颠覆性的产品。
科技英语阅读翻译
n Tran slate the followi ng senten ces into Chin ese (20%)(1) Heis best known for coining the term fractal to describe phenomena(such as? coastlines, snowflakes, mountains and trees) whose patterns repeatthemselves at smaller and smaller scales.(2) To explain these puzzling findings, some scientists have revived an old idea of Einstein 's that had been discarded as false: that the va cuum of space has energy in it that acts repulsively and accelerates the expansion of theuniverse.(3) New language that seemed to assert Facebook's “irrevocable ” right to retain and usea member 's personal information, even after the member had closed his or her Facebook account, deserved a little more editing.(4) The tenor of our time appears to regard history as having ended, with pronouncements from many techno-pundits claiming that the Internet is revolutionary and changes everything.(5) As a by-product of an industry that exists all over the world-the stalks that remain after grain has been harvested-straw also helpfully soaks upcarbon from the atmosphere and locks it in, so long as it is not allowed to decompose.n Tran slate the followi ng senten ces into Chin ese20%)（1）The problem in the paradox, he reasoned, is that we are confusing a description of sets of numbers with a description of sets of sets of numbers.（2）Nowthe cosmological constant is one of the leading theories of why the universe is blowing up like a balloon at ever-increasing speed.（3）That 's not because Facebook is hell -bent on stripping away privacy protections, but because the popularity of Facebook and other social networking sites has promoted the sharing of all things personal, dissolving the line that separates the private from the public.（4）Although it ' s unclear if the capacity for remote operation will justify the QB 's US$15,000 price tag, Anybots believes its technology will appeal to a new generation of workers who expect to be in contact at all times and in all places.（5）As a by-product of an industry that exists all over the world-the stalks that remain after grain has been harvested-straw also helpfully soaks up carbon from the atmosphere and locks it in, so long as it is not allowed to decompose.川Tran slate the followi ng senten ces into Chin ese （20%）（1）But Russell （ and independently, Ernst Zermelo ） noticed that x = {a:a is not in a} leads to a contradiction in the same way as the descriptionof the collection of barbers.（2）An analogy is the siren of an ambulance that changes pitch as it moves towardyou, then passes you and heads the other way —its waves are first compressed, then stretched.（3）It ' s the older members —those who could join only after it opened membership in 2006 to workplace networks, then to anyone —who are adjusting to a new value system that prizes self-expression over reticence.（4）Although it ' s unclear if the capacity for remote operation will justify the QB 's US$15,000 price tag, Anybots believes its technology will appeal to a new generation of workers who expect to be in contact at all times and in all places.（5）No matter how stylishly modern and environmentally friendly straw-bale house may look, however, you still want to know that it won 't get sopping wet in a thunderstorm or go up in a whoosh of flames if you knock over a candle.川Tran slate th e followi ng senten ces into Chin ese （20%）（1）For example, we can describe the collection of numbers 4, 5 and 6 by saying that x is the collection of integers, represented by n, which are greater than 3 and less than 7. （2）Dark energy is the name given to an unexplained force that is drawing galaxies away from each other, against the pull of gravity, at an accelerated pace.（3）Among members, a Law of Amiable Inclusiveness seems to be revealingitself: over time, many are deciding that the easiest path is to routinely accept “friend requests ”, completing a sequence begun when one memberseeks to designate anotheras a Facebook friend.（4）The area between the QB ' s head and base consists of a length of telescoping plastic that can be adjusted to let the QB stand as tall as 175 centimeters or as short as 81 centimeters.（5）After waiting another 45 minutes and finding that the panel still hadn' t failed, the team gave up and stopped the experiment, secure in the knowledge that the material had performed beyond the requirements of building regulations.Part III. Translate the following sentences into Chinese （20%）1. This system served as vehicle for the first formalizations of the foundations of mathematics; it is still used in some philosophical investigations and in branches of computer science.2. That 's not because Facebook is hell -bent on stripping away privacyprotections, but because the popularity of Facebook and other social networking sites has promoted the sharing of all things personal, dissolving the line that separates the private from the public.3. No matter how stylishly modern and environmentally friendly straw-balehouse may look, however, you still want to know that it won't get sopping wet in athunderstorm or go up in a whoosh of flames if you knock over a candle.??4. The premise on which the technology is based is that genetic information[1], encodedby DNA and arranged in the form of genes, is a resource that can be manipulated in various ways to achieve certain goals in both pure and applied science and medicine.5. Many people are working towards trying to make cities more sustainable.A sustainable city offers a good quality of life to current residents butdoesn 't reduce the opportunities for future residents to enjoy.Part III. Translate the following sentences into Chinese (20%)1. This system served as vehicle for the first formalizations of the foundationsof mathematics; it is still used in some philosophical investigations andin branches of computer science.2. Dark energy is the name given to an unexplained force that is drawinggalaxies[1] away from each other, against the pull of gravity, at an accelerated pace.3. When the distinction blurs between one 's few close friends and the manywho are not, it seems pointless to distinguish between private and public.???????????????????????????????????????????????? ??4. Nomatter how stylishly modern and environmentally friendly straw-bale house may look, however, you still want to know that it won't get sopping wet in a thunderstorm or go up ina whoosh of flames if you knock over a candle.5. ? Engineers in the future will work at the extremes of very large and very small systems that require greater knowledge and coordination of multidisciplinary and multi-scale engineering across greater distances and timeframesPart III. Translate the following sentences into Chinese ( 20%)1. To explain the puzzling findings, some scientists have received an oldidea of Einst ein 's that had been discarded as false: that the vacuum ofspace has energy in it that acts repulsively and accelerates the expansion of theuniverse.2. Telecommuting workers and traveling executives alike could use QB( so namedbecauseit is the next in line after the company's prototype QAbot ) as a virtual extension ofthemselves, allowing them to attend meetings, tour facilities or perform walk-throughs of real estate properties, all while controlling the robot from a computer keyboard.3. Research had developed to the point where progress was being hampered by technicalconstraints, as the elegant experiments that had helped to decipher the genetic code could not be extended to investigate the gene in more detail.4. The ideas that the state of the universe at one time determines the state at all other times, has been a central tenet of science, ever since Laplace 's time.5. Nuclear power 's prominence as a major energy source will continue over the next several decades, according to new projections made by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), which has just published a new report, Energy, Electricity and Nuclear Power for the period up to 2030.Part III. Translate the following sentences into Chinese ( 20%)1. For a smallish two-bed roomed house with one large open-plan kitchen/dinner, that doesn' t particularly cheap given that straw is supposed to be inexpensive, and you'd still have to buy the plot and dig the foundations.2. Combined with advances in CADsystems, it will be possible for mechanical engineers tocollaborate in immersive interactive environments where they can design collaboratively, test hypotheses, run models and simulationsand observe their creations in three dimensions much as an engineer can observe a car being built with their colleagues on the shop floor.3. Although it is unclear if the capacity for remote operation will justifythe QB's US$15,000 price tag, Anybots believes its technology will appeal to a new generation of workers who expect to be in contact at all times and in all places,4. That 's not because Facebook is hell -bent on stripping away privacyprotections, but because the popularity of Facebook and other social networking sites has promoted the sharing of all things personal, dissolving the line that separates the private from the public.5. Because gravity draws mass together, most experts expected to find that gravity had slowed down the universe 's rate of ballooning, or perhaps that the rate was staying about the same.Part III. Translate the following sentences into Chinese （20%）1. Dark energy is the name given to an unexplained force that is drawing galaxies awayfrom each other, against the pull of gravity, at an accelerated pace. Dark energy is a bit like anti-gravity. Where gravity pulls things together at the more local level, dark energy tugs them apart on the grander scale.2. The growth of membership and of individual networks seems impervious togaffes at the company during its brief, five-year history. One of those instances was in February, when it fiddled with its terms of service. New language that seemedto assert Facebook's “irrevocable ” right to retain and use a membe'r s personal information, even after the memberhad closed his or her Facebook account, deserved a little more editing.3. ?Along with the wheels, a self-balancing system and a motor with a topspeed of five kilometers per hour make the robot mobile. The two-wheel —as opposed toa tricycle or quad—design makes it more maneuverable in tight spaces and helps keepits weight down to about 16 kilograms. The area between the QB's head and base consists of a length of telescoping plastic that can be adjusted to let the QB stand as tall as 175 centimeters or as short as 81 centimeters.4. Social and demographic changes are leading to a greater demandfor housing. People are living longer, and choosing to marry later, and in recent years there has been a rise in the number of single-parent families. Added to this, the UKis experiencing immigration from other countries, e.g. from Poland [1] which has recently joined the EU. The result is an ever-larger number of smaller households, all requiring accommodation.Part III. Translate the following sentences into Chinese20%)1. Dark energy is the name given to an unexplained force that is drawinggalaxies away from each other, against the pull of gravity, at an accelerated pace. Dark energy is a bit like anti-gravity. Where gravity pulls things together at the more local level, dark energy tugs them apart on the grander scale.2. The growth of membership and of individual networks seems impervious togaffes at the company during its brief, five-year history. One of those instances was in February, when it fiddled with its terms of service. New language that seemedto assert Facebook's “irrevocable ” right to retain and use a membe'r s personal information, even after the memberhad closed his or her Facebook account, deserved a little more editing.3. ?Along with the wheels, a self-balancing system and a motor with a topspeed of five kilometers per hour make the robot mobile. The two-wheel —as opposed to a tricycle or quad—design makes it more maneuverable in tight spaces and helps keep its weight down to about 16 kilograms. The area between the QB's head and base consists ofa length of telescoping plastic that can be adjusted to let the QB stand as tall as 175centimeters or as short as 81 centimeters.4. Social and demographic changes are leading to a greater demandfor housing. People are living longer, and choosing to marry later, and in recent years there has been a rise in the number of single-parent families. Added to this, the UKis experiencing immigration from other countries, e.g. from Poland [1] which has recently joined the EU. The result is an ever-larger number of smaller households, all requiring accommodation.Part III. Translate the following sentences into Chinese (20%)1. The problem in the paradox, he reasoned, is that weare confusing a description of sets ofnumbers with a description of sets of sets of numbers.2. That 's not because Facebook is hell -bent on stripping away privacyprotections, but because the popularity of Facebook and other social networking sites has promoted the sharing of all things personal, dissolving the line that separates the private from the public.3. The two-wheel —as opposed to a tricycle or quad —design makes it moremaneuverable in tight spaces and helps keep its weight down to about 16 kilograms.4. The straw bales, it turns out, are all packed tightly inside a series of prefabricatedrectangular wooden wall frames, which are then lime-rendered, dried and finally slotted together like giant Lego pieces, called ModCell panels.5. Although the UK is an urban society, more and more people are choosingto live on the edge of urban areas - with many relocating to the countryside. This is called counter-urbanisation.。
科技英语课文阅读P22—P24文章翻译参考
科技英语课文阅读P22—P24文章翻译参考（这里是原文的全文翻译，我们的是使用的是文章节选。
）Can a Small Start-up Build America's Next Spaceship?小型航天器能取代航天飞机吗？这次试验是2004年8月3日、由转型太空公司（t/Space公司）在美国加利福尼州的沿岸进行的。
这家小公司也许将为美国航空航天局的太空计划指明一个新的方向，为他们找到一个比最初的方案（见60页《美国航空航天局的大手笔》一文）更快、更经济地将航天员送入太空轨道的方法。
尽管“发现号”航天飞机成功地发射并安全返回，但成功的光环也无法掩饰低效、拖沓的美国航空航天局无法解决航天飞机设计时就留下的众多缺陷和安全隐患这一事实，“发现号”由于燃料箱外隔热材料脱落的隐患而一再推迟发射时间就很好地说明了这一点。
尽管航天飞机什么时候进行下次发射还是个未知数，但是毫无疑问这种老迈的航天器将会被淘汰。
美国航空航天局正斥巨资开发一种名为“太空探索飞船（CEV）”的全新载人航天器，这种航天器将能完成从低轨道飞行到飞往月球等各种任务。
不过，CEV最早也要在2011年才都投入使用，在这之前，美国航空航天局不得不继续依靠老迈的航天飞机，并为之投入大量的资金，所以美国航空航天局很可能会面临资金不足的窘境。
很多人都认为，美国航空航天局现在需要一种从未拥有过的新式航天器：一种没有机翼、能在航天飞机或者CEV 出现问题时能将航天员迅速送往国际太空站或执行其他低轨道任务的“备用”载人航天器。
“发现号”航天飞机接连不断的问题使美国航空航天局认识到，不能再像以往那样“把所有的鸡蛋都放在一个篮子里”。
就在这样一个背景下，t/Space公司进行了这次试验，它所设计的太空舱成为航天飞机替代方案中一匹极有潜力的黑马。
在去年春天，t/Space公司还仅有两个人和对低成本太空飞行的一些见解，公司的创始人大卫·甘普和加里·哈德森对于公司应该如何运行也有着不同的想法。
科技英语课文段落翻译
科技英语课文段落翻译1、p16第1段第四行P r o g r a m s u s u a l l y r e s i d e……，a n d s p e e d.Programs usually reside within the computer and are retrieved and processed by the computer’s electronic, and the program results are stored or routed to output devices ,such as video display monitors or printers. Computers are used to perform a wide variety of activities with reliability ,accuracy, and speed.程序通常贮存在计算机中，计算机的电子器件会对其进行检索和处理，程序结果会被存起来或传给输出装置，如视频显示器或打印机。
人们运用计算机进行各种各样的活动，它可靠，准确而且快捷。
2、p17第5段L a p t o p c o m p u t e r s a n d P C s....t o d i s p l a y i n f o r m a t i o n（倒数第三行）Laptop computers and PCs are typically used in businesses and at home to communicate on computer networks, for word processing ,to track finances ,and to play games. They have large amounts of internal memory to store hundreds of programs and documents. They are equipped with a keyboard; a mouse, trackball, or other pointing device; and a video display monitor or liquid crystal display(LCD)to display information.典型情况下，商务上和家庭中使用膝上电脑和个人电脑在计算机网络上进行通信，进行文字处理，跟踪金融行市以及玩游戏。
21世纪科技英语（上册）Unit2课文翻译
The concept of information management has been around for a decade or two，but as a subject is amorphous ，and seemingly incapable of clear definition。
At the present time there is no organized body of knowledge on which any educational discipline can be based，and this undoubtedly slows down markedly the rate at which the subject can develop。
Information management means different things to different people。
In the USA，it is closely associated with the emerging discipline of information resource management and information resources management。
The latter relates to all the resources required to manage information，as opposed to the former，which is concerned solely the cause of information management by a politically motivated listener to one of my lectures who maintained that what I was actually promoting was "information manipulation＂！I a very recent survey commissioned by ASLIB，Dr。
科技英语基础阅读第二版翻译
科技英语基础阅读第二版翻译1.1苹果有一款新的热销产品，在欧美大局部地区已经卖到断货。
1.2如果你网上预定，六周后才能送达。
1.3一条网上评论写道，这是多年来最好的一款苹果产品。
1.4实用并且精巧的设计，使它拥有苹果产品史上最高的消费者满意度，根据creative strategies和Experian两家公司的调查研究。
2.1如此的热情令苹果的老板们喜忧参半。
2.2我们今天讨论的这款产品是无线耳机airpods,看起来像苹果的传统耳机，只是没了数据线。
2.3定价在159美元，airpods可能是价值数十亿美元的一款商品。
像苹果手表，苹果于2015年开始销售的一种可穿戴设备。
2.4但是耳机并不是人们期待已久的具有改革能力的，极其具有利润的创新产品。
3.1在苹果最大的拳头产品推出后，这种等待并没有持续太久。
3.2在2007年6月29日，iPhone第一次开售。
3.3自此，苹果已经卖出了大约12亿部手机，并且取得了超过7400 亿美元的销售额，从最畅销的科技设备可以看出。
3.42016年，苹果2160亿美元的销售额，其中三分之二来自于iPhone。
1.1登顶之后就是下山了。
1.2关于苹果的将来如何，苹果是否能设计出另一款与之相媲美的产品，这些问题一直困扰这苹果公司。
1.3持续增长的手机拥有率正在放缓，全球大约五分之二的人现在拥11.3设计人员，厂家，程序员还是用户应该对机器人不当行为负责？11.4这种情况下，那些负责机器人的厂家和个人应该控制着机器人的学习过程。
12.1产业机器人已经改变了社会。
12.2更加广泛的使用机器人可能导致进一步的失业和数据鸿沟的扩大。
12.3这将可能导致社会中的局部人，享受不到先进机器人的好处。
12.1另一方面，随着机器人不仅是制造业中危从事着危险，枯燥，肮脏的工作，人们的职位要求将大大改善。
12.2最后，利用机器人技术来辅助人类对健康人和残疾人都存在利弊两面。
Task参考译文：P良好的卫生习惯有助于传染风险最小化。
科技英语阅读原文及翻译(李健版,单元1-7)
Unit 1 EnvironmentEarth’s Health in Sharp Decline, Massive Study Finds大规模研究发现：地球的“健康”每况愈下The report card has arrived from the largest ever scientific Earth analysis, and many of the planet’s ecosystems are simply not making the grade.有史以来对地球进行的最大规模的科学分析结果表明，地球上的许多生态系统都达不到标准。
The UN-backed Millennium Ecosystem Assessment Synthesis Report found that nearly two-thirds of Earth’s life-supporting ecosystems, including clean water, pure air, and stable climate, are being degraded by unsustainable use.由联合国主持的《千年生态系统评估综合报告》指出，由于不可持续的使用，地球上将近三分之二的用来维持生命的生态系统（包括干净的水源、纯净的空气以及稳定的气候）正遭受破坏。
Human has caused much of this damage during the past half century. Soaring demand for food, fresh water, timber, fiber and fuel have led to dramatic environmental changes, from deforestation to chemical pollution, the report says. The already grim situation may worsen dramatically during the first half of the 21st century, the report’s authors warn.以上大部分的破坏都是人类在过去的半个世纪里造成的。
科技英语原文及简单翻译
科技英语原文及简单翻译How ASIMO WorksIntroduction to How ASIMO WorksWant a robot to cook your dinner, do your homework, clean your house, or get your groceries? Robots already do a lot of the jobs that we humans don't want to do, can't do, or simply can't do as well as our robotic counterparts.Honda engineers have been busy creating the ASIMO robot for more than 20 years. In this article, we'll find out what makes ASIMO the most advanced humanoid robot to date.The Honda Motor Company developed ASIMO, which stands for Advanced Step in Innovative Mobility, and is the most advanced humanoid robot in the world. According to the ASIMO Web site, ASIMO is the first humanoid robot in the world that can walk independently and climb stairs.Rather than building a robot that would be another toy, Honda wanted to create a robot that would be a helper for people -- a robot to help around the house, help the elderly, or help someone confined to a wheelchair or bed. ASIMO is 4 feet 3 inches (1.3 meters) high, This allows ASIMO to do the jobs it was created to do without being too big and menacing.ASIMO's Motion: Walk Like a HumanHonda researchers began by studying the legs of insects, mammals, and the motion of a mountain climber with prosthetic legs to better understand the physiology and all of the things that take place when we walk -- particularly in the joints. For example, the fact that we shift our weight using our bodies and especially our arms inorder to balance was very important in getting ASIMO's walking mechanism right. The fact that we have toes that help with our balance was also taken intoconsideration: ASIMO actually has soft projections on its feet that play a similar role to the one our toes play when we walk. This soft material also absorbs impact on the joints, just as our soft tissues do when we walk.ASIMO has hip, knee, and foot joints. Robots have joints that researchers refer to as \degrees of freedom.\A single degree of freedom allows movement either right and left or up and down. ASIMO has 34 degrees of freedom spread over different points of its body in order to allow it to move freely. There are three degrees of freedom in ASIMO's neck, seven on each arm and six on each leg. The number of degrees offreedom necessary for ASIMO's legs was decided by measuring human joint movement while walking on flat ground, climbing stairs and running.ASIMO also has a speed sensor and a gyroscope sensor mounted on its body. They perform the tasks of:? ?sensing the position of ASIMO's body and the speed at which it is moving relaying adjustments for balance to the central computer These sensors work similarly to our inner ears in the way they maintain balance and orientation.ASIMO also has floor surface sensors in its feet and six ultrasonic sensors in its midsection. These sensors enhance ASIMO's ability to interact with its environment by detecting objects around ASIMO and comparing gathered information with maps of the area stored in ASIMO's memory.To accomplish the job our muscles and skin do in sensing muscle power, pressure and joint angles, ASIMO has both joint-angle sensors and a six-axis force sensor.Unless you know a lot about robotics, you may not fully grasp the incredible milestone it is that ASIMO walks as we do. The most significant part of ASIMO's walk is the turning capabilities. Rather than having to stop and shuffle, stop and shuffle, and stop and shuffle into a new direction, ASIMO leans and smoothly turns just like a human. ASIMO can also self-adjust its steps in case it stumbles, is pushed, or otherwise encounters something that alters normal walking.In order to accomplish this, ASIMO's engineers had to find a way to work with the inertial forces created when walking. For example, the earth's gravity creates a force, as does the speed at which you walk. Those two forces are called the \inertial force.\ground, called the \posture has to work to make it happen. This is called the \zero moment point\(ZMP). To control ASIMO's posture, engineers worked on three areas of control:? ?Floor reaction control means that the soles of the feet absorb floor unevenness while still maintaining a firm stance.Target ZMP control means that when ASIMO can't stand firmly and its body begins to fall forward, it maintains position by moving its upper body in the direction opposite the impending fall. At the same time, it speeds up its walking to quickly counterbalance the fall.?Foot-planting location control kicks in when the target ZMP control has been activated. It adjusts the length of the step to regain the right relationship between the position and speed of the body and the length of the step.ASIMO's Motion: Smooth MovesASIMO can sense falling movements and react to them quickly; but ASIMO's engineers wanted more. They wanted the robot to have a smooth gait as well as do something that other robots can't do -- turn without stopping.When we walk around corners, we shift our center of gravity into the turn. ASIMO uses a technology called \predictive movement control,\Intelligent Real-Time Flexible Walking Technology or I-Walk, to accomplish that same thing. ASIMO predicts how much it should shift its center of gravity to the inside of the turn and how long that shift should be maintained. Because this technolgy works in real time, ASIMO can do this without stopping between steps, which other robots must do.Essentially, with every step ASIMO takes, it has to determine its inertia and then predict how its weight needs to be shifted for the next step in order to walk and turn smoothly. It adjusts any of the following factors in order to maintain the right position:? ? ? ?the length of its steps its body position its speedthe direction in which it is steppingWhile reproducing a human-like walk is an amazing achievement, ASIMO can now run at speeds up to 3.7 miles per hour (6 kilometers per hour). In order to qualify as a true running robot, ASIMO must have both feet off the ground for an instant in each step. ASIMO manages to be airborne for .08 seconds with each step while running. Honda engineers encountered an entirely new set of challenges while trying to give ASIMO the ability to run. They gave ASIMO’s torso a degree of freedom to aid in bending and twisting so that the robot could adjust its posture while airborne. Without this ability, ASIMOwould lose control while airborne, possibly spinning in the air or tripping when landing.In order to make turns smoothly while running, the engineers enhanced ASIMO's ability to tilt its center of gravity inside turns to maintain balance and counteractcentrifugal force. ASIMO could even anticipate turns and begin to lean into them before starting the turn, much like you would if you were skiing or skating.ASIMO如何工作介绍如何工作。
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太阳能
我们的一切能量都是来自太阳能，煤和石油的能量是来自太阳能，而由数百万年前的植物储藏起来的，今天维系着生命的能量也来自于太阳能。
获取足以满足我们需要的太阳能的最好办法是进入太空，每时每刻不停地收集太阳能并把它源源不断地送回地球。
如果一艘宇宙飞船，在外层太空轨道上飞行师，能把一平方米平面垂直对准太阳光束的话，那么这艘飞船就可以从这一小块面积上获取1.3千瓦的太阳能
Solar energy
All our energy from solar energy. The energy in coal and oil come from the sun, stored there by the plants of millions of years ago. The energy sustaining life today is also from the sun, The best way of getting as much solar energy as we need would be to go out into space collect it every hour of the day and continuously send it back to the earth. If a spaceship orbiting in outer space turns a square meter of flat surface at night angles to the sunbeams, it will get energy at a rate of 1.3 kilowatt on this small area.。