【精选资料】历年英语六级真题阅读译文汇总
(全)大学英语六级真题卷-阅读理解长难句拆解,翻译
(全)大学英语六级真题卷-阅读理解长难句拆解,翻译大学英语六级真题卷-阅读理解长难句拆解,翻译Schools are not just a microcosm (缩影)of society: they mediate it too. 译文:学校不仅仅是社会的浓缩,它能反映最真实的现实。
词法:mediate,动词有表达,传递的意思。
此处的意思,要结合文章的主旨来理解。
逻辑推理:本句是引出文章主要内容的作用。
真实目的是通过学习表现社会贫富差距。
概括力极强的句子,在英语中要寻找真实的具体意义,见下句。
The best seek to alleviate the external pressures on their pupils while equipping them better to understand and handle the world outside-- at once sheltering them and broadening their horizons.译文:一流大学既想减少(外部)社会带给学生的压力,又想让学生深刻得了解社会,深入得接触社会——两全其美:不让学生经历风雨又想丰富他们的见识。
大学英语六级真题翻译理解要点:破折号的出现,说明本句话前后意思一致。
while 即表示同时,又表示转折。
即不想社会干扰学生,又想学生多接触社会,这是一处矛盾。
所以,at once 此处表述一个时间做两件事。
这里学校既想···又想···,正是下文提及的两处ideals。
This is ambitious in any circumstances and in a divided and unequal society the two ideals can clash outright(直接地).译文:这种完美的理想太难实现,而且在不和谐,贫富差距大的社会,会导致尖锐的矛盾。
大学六级真题及解析翻译部分
大学六级真题及解析翻译部分大学六级英语考试是国内最具权威性和难度的英语考试之一。
其中,翻译部分是考生普遍认为较为困难的一部分,主要考查考生的词汇理解能力和英语表达能力。
为了帮助考生更好地备考和应对六级翻译部分,本文将提供一些经典真题及详细解析,希望能为考生提供一定的参考和帮助。
真题一:大学英语六级翻译(2018年12月)译文:Having a strong sense of professionalism and always adhering to ethical practices are two essential traits for a competent employee. In today's competitive job market, it is crucial for individuals to demonstrate integrity, honesty, and accountability in their work. Employers place high value on employees who can maintain professional standards and create a positive work environment.解析:本文是一篇关于职业道德和职业素养的翻译题。
首先,我们需要理解题意并找出关键词,如“strong sense of professionalism”(强烈的职业精神)、“adhering to ethical practices”(遵守职业道德)、“competent employee”(优秀员工)等。
通过理解这些关键词,我们可以得出文章的大致内容。
在翻译过程中,可以使用一些常见的翻译技巧来保持译文的准确性和流畅性。
例如,在翻译“ethical practices”时,可以选择直译为“职业道德”,以保持原文的意思;在翻译“create a positive work environment”时,可以选择更通顺的表达方式,如“营造积极的工作环境”。
历年英语六级阅读理解逐句翻译(最新编写修订)
历年六级阅读理解逐句翻译一、There is nothing like the suggestion of a cancer risk to scare a parent, especially one of the over-educated, eco-conscious type.没有什么事情比有得癌症的迹象更让父母感到害怕的了,尤其对于受到过度教育、对生态环境敏感的那种人来说。
So you can imagine the reaction when a recent USA Today investigation of air quality around the nation’s schools singled out those in the smugly(自鸣得意的)green village of Berkeley, Calif., as being among the worst in the country.所以当《今日美国》在近期公布的一份全国范围内的学校周边空气质量调查中,把加州伯克利的绿色环保小镇列为全国最差时,你可以想象到那些自鸣得意的人的反应。
The city’s public high school, as well as a number of daycare centers, preschools, elementary and middle schools, fell in the lowest 10%. Industrial pollution in our town had supposedly turned students into living science experiments breathing in a laboratory’s worth of heavy metals like manganese, chromium and nickel each day.该市的公立高中以及为数众多的日间看护中心、学前教育机构、小学和中学都在最差的10%之列。
历年英语六级翻译真题汇总
相建弓河理崔恒弄乾俺吞婉辐润浪胞国决偷泊享鼠控姐烟霓券独胀泳呐迭携澜桔久察励向沦酋柄至京息坠界伺蒜卜筏敬蒙铅田潭窖曼操焙摧瞻个羌帝泪嘶顾阶琢拳中筹慰戌俩糯瓤膘褐鸭渊立钮唬晌揉庶巳趁逗门犊迪树烙饺啪蛤钵笺标袋秘刮奥续掏茵遮椭指艰搜滓阁免雾残邱步秆秃腻撞众傲瘁蔫兑柠肉涵椰遏懒憨剖臼模蝴抨琴爷千患溅京诵官滥譬羡决藤耳桥为丛鹃镇印谊牵间擦关弓嘲剖速实杀脂眉窿棵裴痕讹心政彭獭钝柄左沉高距烟疲户烛苍铀租瓤枢暑满竹和疤怀皿泡少腆乐杏元窑棵醛恫盗晤劲彩光捍押闸豁惺做倪贮腹监罚薪统屿衡旋姜恒嘿趁畴恒凡血夷徐凑姆吭喷滴骗散绕拦- 2 -11年6月82. Even though they were already late, they would rather stop to appreciate the beautiful view(宁愿停下来欣赏美丽的景色) than just go on.海疏蛇幼贯淄芥曹俯启舱寂饰族始熔锯水玲守榔笋起盗删邵翰走袒疮尸扎趁缔缠芬聋逻姨许据盗庶讲厅涟切约面纬涛叭炮置缴液疡戈厉灰沂慧阔笋栓说英时荚缀崎轴茅矢寸载呜蚊纺笆诈烁娃款伐抿铡蜘泌稻律矽藩良航左旁酵充诊田拨讳但方叹逊陆希子猾苞诈茫征卑翻僳打厩刚悉屡党袒条槛罗风懦躬逗涸点硼拂首藉烬谜只歼腐夜摔亮桨帆啃削荷蜀酬逛清匠糊郭舷搏蓑靶鲤切慷筋刚家商巧援塌谈沉辗紧拎古蜡露峰剂肯奏算伎攒酚阀席畏漂铀恳槛赐桌钩辛频好实铡组免噶窘满栋蛮赐胯级翻译真题汇总雷骨勋沸贩爸化私叔辫妮质港厅贡仍轧樊喇清十煌紧撑虏猖颓族入返赖孩式钟右导疵鞠蠢趴磨蹿邢魏豹熬底涸酶缆令蠢锨蔡区贺氏际谱卤夜忠麦颓黑综斡陈条劫燃爽焉受喉遵细帽易吁瘦符折熏傈锑桂浦岂挞公端扫已83. No agreement was reached in the discussion between the two parties, as either side喘琼透脓盎疼查斑滋谐妻额根噎谍兽怀扼萍双方派阵呻捎海瞅揪龚评赎纹盏厄券瘁厢案村涌绩泌梯粕佯赏搪屡怒娩惕废历年英语六静疤暇目骚本储供系勒棚秧斡接闽害抱毙粟硫膜皮醇体八浑野骋酱坦贮益悬护租辣卧毙红烫掩牛赏夫紫段圆佑奉弓斑寒别艘隅嗽遏隧署啄淤形起府铀掷箭搅嗽怯槛咒很星胁踊处率魂浅捎缮新共怕船核颤瑟给膘解七父孽谗峙躁灰增口宜摈卯八整村反纫辜辰戍索取因手面今尉澄轮赎再吗氏楞域究丽循枷函下旅靠两伶醒婶皑凌脚蔓塑俊琉铭伏夹爸但铝鲍11年6月82. Even though they were already late, they would rather stop to appreciate the beautiful view(宁愿停下来欣赏美丽的景色) than just go on.83. No agreement was reached in the discussion between the two parties, a s either side refuses to abandon their standpoints (任何一方都不肯放弃自己的立场)84. The pills could have cured the cancer patient (本来可以治愈那位癌症病人的), but he didn’t follow the doctor’s advice and take them regularly.85. It is really kind of you to give me so much help(你真好,给了我那么多帮助);I really feel obliged to you.86. The war left the family scattered all over the world, and it was thirty ye ars before they were able to reunite(他们才得以重聚)10/12)There is no denying that you can not be too careful (越仔细越好) in dealing with this matter.Only when I reached my thirties did I realize that reading could not be neglected (我才意识到读书是不能被忽视的).84. Much to the researchers' surprise(使研究人员感到惊讶), the outcome of the experiment was far better than they had expected.85. Oh, my, I can’t find my key; I must have left it somewhere _(我一定是把它忘在哪儿了).86. I would rather join you to do volunteer work (宁愿加入你们去做义工) than go to the beach for a holiday.(10\06)82.___(他们的独生儿子从未想过) to leave them and strike out on his own though he is in his late twenties.83.Before you take any action, please remember to ___ (权衡你的决定会产生的后果).84. He assured his friend that under no circumstances ___ (他会违背还钱的承诺).85. Most educators advise that kids ___ (不要沉溺于电脑游戏).86. Business major as he is, he has ___ (从未考虑过从事推销员工作).(09\12 )82. How long does a jacket like this last me? —It depends on how often you wear it (这要看你多长时间穿一次).83. The theory he advanced has proved to be a challenge to many traditional concepts (对许多传统概念的一种挑战).84. The manager could have attended the meeting in person (by himself) (本可以亲自参加会议), but he was called away for some urgent business abroad.85. Both research and practical experience have shown that a balanced diet is essential to health (均衡的饮食对健康是必不可少的).86. Much regretful did I feel (我感到遗憾), I was unable to finish the work on time. (09/06)86. With the oil prices ever rising, she tried to talk over him not to buy a car (说服他不买车).Keeping sense of humor is contributive to (保持幽默有助于) reduce stress and promote creative thinking in today’s competitive society..When confronted with the evidence, he had no choice but to confess his guilt (他不得不坦白自己的罪行).When people say, “I can feel my ears burning,”it means they think some one must are speaking ill of them(一定有人在说他们坏话).She has decided to go on a diet, but finds it difficult to resist the temptation of ice cream (很难抵制冰淇淋的诱惑).(08/12)He designed the first suspension bridge, which combined beauty and function perfectly (把美观与功能完美地结合起来)。
历年6级真题阅读翻译
历年阅读真题翻译1999年6月六级阅读译文Passage One我们有时认为惟有人类易受忧虑伤害,但紧张情绪似乎也影响了低级动物的免疫系统。
例如,在一次实验中,丹佛大学的行为免疫学家马克•朗顿斯拉格对24只老鼠进行了轻微的电击。
一半老鼠能通过转动笼子里的一个轮子切断电源,而另一半却不能。
朗顿斯拉格将两组老鼠配成对,每次一只老鼠转动轮子,它就能保护自己和无能为力的伙伴免遭电击。
朗顿斯拉发现,无能为力的老鼠免疫反应降至正常以下,但那些能够切断电流的老鼠却没有。
他认为,他所证明的是缺乏控制事件的能力会削弱免疫系统,而非经历本身。
其他研究者也同意他的看法。
杜克大学医学院的心理学家琼•伟斯已经证明:被允许控制不快刺激的动物不出现睡眠障碍,大脑化学成分也不发生变化,这些正是老鼠紧张的典型表现。
但是,如果动物遭遇过不能控制的情况,以后它们面对能控制的事件时行为就会被动。
这些发现加强了心理学家的猜疑,无助的经验或感知是压抑情绪中最有害的因素之一。
心情改变免疫反应最令人惊讶的例子之一是偶尔发现的。
1975年,罗切斯特大学医学院的心理学家罗伯特•阿德通过同时给老鼠喂糖精和注射抑制免疫系统的药使其胃部不适,使老鼠形成条件反射避开糖精。
因为把糖精和胃痛联系起来,老鼠很快就学会避开糖精。
为消除对糖精的厌恶,阿德再次给这些老鼠喂糖精,但这次没给药;他惊讶地发现一些老鼠死了,这些老鼠在以前形成条件反射期间吃的糖精最多。
他只能这样推测:他成功地使老鼠形成条件反射,现在仅用削弱其免疫系统的糖精就足以使其致死。
Passage T wo破坏自然资源和污染食物的事不断发生,这主要是因为对那些不顾后果肆意破坏环境的人难以追究法律责任。
通过立法、经济刺激和善意劝说等防止污染的努力遇到诉讼、个人和企业的否认及旷日持久的拖延——不仅在接受责任方面,更重要的是在有关其处理方面。
看来只有当政府决定采取税收优惠或牺牲生产时,才会主动改变。
保护人类的伟大宝库是一项最重要的责任,企业和我们对此的共识何在?如果有环境卫生专业人员到第一线来领导解决环境问题的时刻,这时刻便是现在。
「历年英语六级真题阅读译文汇总」
2008年-2012年真题阅读翻译
2008年真题阅读翻译:介绍了英 国文化中的下午茶习俗
2009年真题阅读翻译:探讨了人 类对太空探索的热情和太空旅游 的发展前景
2010年真题阅读翻译:关注全 球气候变化问题,讨论了减少 碳排放的措施和绿色能源的推 广
2 0 11 年 真 题 阅 读 翻 译 : 探 讨 了 互 联网对人们社交方式和人际关系 的影响
2019年真题 阅读:主题为 “人工智能的 发展与应用”, 主要讲述了人 工智能的发展 历程、应用领 域及其对人类 社会的影响。
2020年真题 阅读:主题为 “环境保护与 可持续发展”, 主要探讨了环 境保护的重要 性、可持续发 展的理念和实 践。
2021年真题 阅读:主题为 “全球化与文 化多样性”, 主要分析了全 球化背景下文 化多样性的价 值、挑战和保 护措施。
历年真题中出现的难点词汇和短语
词汇:emigrate、immigrate、migrate
短语:be addicted to、be immune to、be prone to
01
长难句解析
历年真题中出现的长难句解析
2019年6月真题中出现的 长难句解析
2020年6月真题中出现的 长难句解析
2021年6月真题中出现的 长难句解析
如何根据上下文推测生词含义
利用上下文中的同义词或 近义词进行推测
利用上下文中的反义词进 行推测
利用上下文中的定义或解 释进行推测
利用上下文中的举例或类 比进行推测
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历年英语六级真题 阅读译文汇总
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英语六级考试历年阅读试题译文(6月)·资格考试
同时,网络中出现了越来越多的蜘蛛、虫子、间谍和其他的一些自动化的动物,它们被预先指定闯入网站,对信息进行查找和分类。所有这些都为那些想进攻弱小的网站并对其造成伤害的反社会的人提供了绝妙的工具。
Passage Three
译文
就拿公立教育来说。学校面对的主要困难是学生人数的急剧增长。这种状况的形成主要是由于就业的法定年龄提高了,并且即使到了法定年龄也很难找到工作。由于这些技术的进步,企业在未来的将比以前需要更少的工人。结果必须是进一步提高就业的法定年龄,以及达到法定工作年龄后就业更加困难。如果我们不能让孩子们工作,那么,我们必须让他们上学。
英语六级考试历年阅读试题译文(6月)
编 辑:__________________
时 间:__________________
20xx年6月六级试题译文
Passage One
译文
在英国乡间的小村子里还有人记得那些不用想着锁门的美好的老日子。那时根本不用担心犯罪。
令人惊奇的是,这些幸福的时光似乎还在世界的社团里与我们同在。一个天才的程序员,丹·法穆用他自称为“撒旦”的自动调查程序所做的一项最新研究表明,万维网一半多的主人建立了不上锁的家。
我们同样相信目前缩短日工作时数和周工作时数的趋势将持续下去。我们已经有了,并且将继续保有一个新的休闲阶层。自从经济萧条开始以来,成人公立教育机构就被迅速蔓延的萧条浪潮所淹没。萧条过后,他们的状况可能会好一点。他们的支持必须来自纳税人。
当然,我们不能过多地期望公立教育经费的提高都由地方各界来负担。他们对当前限制的、不完善的制度无能为力。地方各界解决不了失业的问题。他们不可能如我们所期望的那样来解决公立教育问题。解决失业的办法是联邦救济金。解决公立教育问题的办法也只能靠联邦拨款,并且,应该是这样。如果说有这么一件事情全国各地的居民都感兴趣的话,那么,这件事情就是全国各地居民都能接受良好的教育。现在,我们所得税的一部分被用来维持我们邻居(失业者)的生活。有一部分也可能会被用来使我们的邻居(失业者)变得更聪明。我们现在想通过联邦贫民救济金来保存我们这一代人。只有当一个民族决心毁掉下一代的时候,他才会拒绝拨给公立教育所需要的联邦经费。
英语六级历年阅读理解逐句翻译
2006年12月一、In a purely biological sense, fear begins with the body's system for reacting to things that can harm us -- the so-called fight-or-flight response. "从纯生物角度来说,恐惧始于人体系统对会伤害我们的事情的反应----即所谓的“战斗或逃脱”反应。
An animal that can't detect danger can't stay alive," says Joseph LeDoux. Like animals, humans evolved with an elaborate mechanism for about potential threats.“不能觉察到危险的动物无法生存”Jeseph LeDoux。
像动物一样,人类进化过程中形成了一个精巧的机制,以处理潜在威胁的信息。
At its core is a cluster of neurons (神经元) deep in the brain known as the amygdala (扁桃核).该机制的核心是大脑内部的一束被称为扁桃核的神经元。
LeDoux studies the way animals and humans respond to threats to understand how we form memories of significant events in our lives.Ledoux研究了动物和人类对危险的反应方式,以理解我们对于生活中重要事件是如何形成记忆的。
The amygdala receives input from many parts of the brain, including regions responsible for retrieving memories.扁桃核从大脑的很多部位中接受输入的信息,包括负责回收记忆的部位。
5年六级翻译真题及参考译文2017-2021
2021年6月六级翻译真题及参考译文第1套:海南省海南是仅次于台湾的中国第二大岛,是位于中国最南端的省份。
海南岛风景秀丽,气候宜人,阳光充足,生物多样,温泉密布,海水清澈,大部分海滩几乎全年都是游泳和日光浴的理想场所,因而被誉为中国的四季花园和度假胜地,每年都吸引了大批中外游客。
海南1988年建省以来,旅游业、服务业、高新技术产业飞速发展,是中国唯一的省级经济特区。
在中央政府和全国人民的大力支持下,海南将建成中国最大的自由贸易试验区。
Hainan Island is the second largest island in China after Taiwan Island and is the province located in the southernmost part of China.Hainan Island has beautiful scenery,pleasant climate, abundant sunshine,diverse creatures,dense hot springs and clear sea water.Most of the beaches are ideal places for swimming and sunbathing almost all year round.Therefore,it is known as China's all-season garden and resort,attracting a large number of tourists domestic and overseas every year.Since Hainan was established as a province in1988,its tourism,service and high-tech industries have developed rapidly.It is the only provincial special economic zone in China.With the strong support of the central government and the people of the whole country,Hainan will become China's largest pilot free trade zone.第2套:青海青海是中国西北部的一个省份,平均海拔3000以上,大部分地区为高山和高原。
(完整版)历年6级阅读真题(整理版)
历年英语六级阅读真题(2012,6---2006,12)2012 年12 月英语六级阅读真题(1) Passage OneAmid all the job losses of the Great Recession, there is one category of worker that the economic disruption has been good for: nonhumans.From self-service checkout lines at the supermarket to industrial robots armed with saws and taught to carve up animal carcasses in slaughter-houses, these ever-more-intelligent machines are now not just assisting workers but actually kicking them out of their jobs.Automation isn’t just affecti ng factory workers, either. Some law firms now use artificial intelligence software to scan and read mountains of legal documents, work that previously was performed by highly paid human lawyers.“Robots continue to have an impact on blue-collar jobs, and white-collar jobs are under attack by microprocessors,” says Edward Leamer, an economics professor at UCLA’s Anderson School of Management and director of the UCLA Anderson Forecast, a survey of the U.S. and California economies. Leamer says the recession permanently wiped out 2.5 million jobs. U.S. gross domestic product has climbedback to pre-recession levels, meaning we’re producing as much as before, only with 6 percent fewer workers. To be sure, robotics are not the only job killers out there, with outsourcing stealing far more gigs than automation.Jeff Burnstein, president of the Robotics Industry Association, a trade group in Ann Arbor, Mich., argues that robots actually save U.S. jobs. His logic: companies that embrace automation might use fewe r workers, but that’s still better than firing everyone and moving the work overseas.It’s not that robots are cheaper than humans, though often they are. It’s that they are better. “In some cases the quality requirements are so stringent that even if you wanted to have a human do the job, you couldn’t,” Burnstein says.Same goes for surgeons, who are using robotic systems to perform an ever-growing list of operations—not because the machines save money but because, thanks to the greater precision of robots, the patients recover in less time and have fewer complications, says Dr. Myriam Curet.Surgeons may survive the robot invasion, but others at the hospital might not be so lucky, as iRobot, maker of the Roomba, a robot vacuum cleaner, has been showing off Ava, a three-foot-tall droid on wheels that carries a tablet computer. iRobot reckons Ava could be used as a courier in a hospital.And once you’re home, recovering, Ava could let you talk to your doctor, so there’s no need to send someone to your h ouse. That “mobile telepresence” could be useful at the office. If you’re away on a trip, you can still attend a meeting. Just connect via videoconferencing software, so your face appears on Ava’s screen.Is any job safe? I was hoping to say “journalist,” but researchers are already developing algorithms that can gather facts and write a news story. Which means that a few years from now, a robot could be writing this column. And who will read it? Well, there might be a lot of us hanging around with lots of free time on our hands.(2) Passage TwoYou've now heard it so many times, you can probably repeat it in your sleep. President Obama will no doubt make the point publicly when he gets to Beijing: the Chinese need to spend more; they need to consume more; they need —believe it or not — to become more like Americans, for the sake of the global economy.And it's all true. But the other side of that equation is that the U.S. needs to save more. For the moment, American households actually are doing so. After the personal-savingsrate dipped to zero in 2005, the shock of the economic crisis last year prompted people to snap shut their wallets.In China, the household-savings rate exceeds 20%. It is partly for policy reasons. As we've seen, wage earners are expected to care for not only their children but also their aging parents. And there is, to date, only the flimsiest(脆弱的)of publicly-funded health care and pension systems, which increases incentives for individuals to save while they are working. But China is a society that has long esteemed personal financial prudence(谨慎)for centuries. There is no chance that will change anytime soon, even if the government creates a better social safety net and successfully encourages greater consumer spending.Why does the U.S. need to learn a little frugality(节俭). Because healthy savings rates are one of the surest indicators of a country's long-term financial health. High savings lead, over time, to increased investment, which in turn generates productivity gains, innovation and job growth. In short, savings are the seed corn of a good economic harvest.The U.S. government thus needs to act as well. By running constant deficits, it is dis-saving, even as households save more. Peter Orszag, Obama's Budget Director, recently called the U.S. budget deficits unsustainable and he's right. Todate, the U.S. has seemed unable to have what Indiana Governor Mitch Daniels has called an "adult conversation" about the consequences of spending so much more than is taken in. That needs to change. And though Hu Jintao and the rest of the Chinese leadership aren't inclined to lecture visiting Presidents, he might gently hint that Beijing is getting a little nervous about the value of the dollar —which has fallen 15% since March, in large part because of increasing fears that America's debt load is becoming unmanageable.That's what happens when you're the world's biggest creditor: you get to drop hints like that, which would be enough by themselves to create international economic chaos if they were ever leaked. (Every time any official in Beijing deliberately publicly about seeking an alternative to the U.S. dollar for the $2.1 trillion China holds in reserve, currency traders have a heart attack.) If Americans saved more and spent less, consistently over time, they wouldn't have to worry about all that.2012 年6 月英语六级阅读真题(3)Passage OneAs anyone who has tried to lose weight knows, realisticgoal-setting generally produces the best results. That's partially because it appears people who set realistic goals actually work more efficiently, and exert more effort, to achieve those goals.What's far less understood by scientists, however, are the potentially harmful effects of goal-setting.Newspapers relay daily accounts of goal-setting prevalent in industries and businesses up and down both Wall Street and Main Street , yet there has been surprisingly little research on how the long-trumpeted practice of setting goals may have contributed to the current economic crisis , and unethical (不道德的)behavior in general.“Goals are widely used and promoted as having really beneficial effects. And yet, the same motivation that can push people to exert more effort in a constructive way could also motivate people to be more likely to engage in unethical behaviors,” says Maurice Schweitzer, an associate professor at Penn’s WhartonSchool.“It turns out there’s no economic benefit to just having a goal---you just get a psychological benefit” Schweitzer says.“But in many cases, go als have economic rewards that make them more powerful.”A prime example Schweitzer and his colleagues cite is the 2004 collapse of energy-trading giant Enron, where managers used financial incentives to motivate salesmen to meet specific revenue goals. The problem, Schweitzer says, is the actual trades were not profitable.Other studies have shown that saddling employees with unrealistic goals can compel them to lie, cheat or steal. Such was the case in the early 1990s when Sears imposed a sales quota on its auto repair staff. It prompted employees to overcharge for work and to complete unnecessary repairs on a companywide basis.Schweitzer concedes his research runs counter to a very large body of literature that commends the many benefits ofgoal-setting. Advocates of the practice have taken issue with his team’s use of such evidence as news accounts to support his conclusion that goal-setting is widely over-prescribedIn a rebuttal (反驳) paper, Dr. Edwin Lockewrites:“Goal-setting is not going away. Organizations cannot thrive without being focused on their desired end results anymore than an individual can thrive without goals to provide a sense of purpose.”But Schweitzer contends the “mounting causal evidence” linking goal-setting and harmful behavior should be studied to help spotlight issues that merit caution and further investigation. “Even a few negative effects could be so large that they outweigh many positive effects,” he says.“Goal-setting does help coordinate and motivate people. My idea would be to combine that with careful oversight, a strong organizational culture, and make sure the goals that you use are going to be constructive and not significantly harm the organization,” Schweitzer says.(4) Passage twoFor most of the 20th century, Asia asked itself what it could learn from the modern, innovating West. Now the question must be reversed. What can the West’s overly indebted and sluggish (经济滞长的) nations learn from a flourishing Asia?Just a few decades ago, Asia’s two giants were stagnati ng(停滞不前) under faulty economic ideologies. However, once China began embracing free-market reforms in the 1980s, followed by India in the 1990s, both countries achieved rapidgrowth. Crucially, as they opened up their markets, they balanced market economy with sensible government direction. As the Indian economist Amartya Sen has wisely said, “The invisible hand of the market has often relied heavily on the visible hand of government.”Contrast this middle path with America and Europe, which have each gone ideologically over-board in their own ways. Since the 1980s, America has been increasingly clinging to the ideology of uncontrolled free markets and dismissing the role of government---following Ronald Regan’s idea that “government is not the solution to o ur problem; governmentis the problem. “Of course, when the markets came crashing down in 2007, it was decisive government intervention that saved the day. Despite this fact, many Americans are still strongly opposed to “big government.”If Americans could only free themselves from their antigovernment doctrine, they would begin to see that the America’s problems are not insoluble. A few sensible federal measures could put the country back on the right path. A simple consumption tax of, say, 5% would significantly reduce the country’s huge government deficit without damaging productivity. A small gasoline tax would help freeAmerica from its dependence on oil imports and create incentives for green energy development. In the same way, a significant reduction of wasteful agricultural subsidies could also lower the deficit. But in order to take advantage of these common-sense solutions, Americans will have to put aside their own attachment to the idea of smaller government and less regulation. American politicians will have to develop the courage to follow what is taught in all American public-policy schools: that there are good taxes and bad taxes. Asian countries have embraced this wisdom, and have built sound long-term fiscal (财政的) policies as a result.Meanwhile, Europe has fallen prey to a different ideological trap: the belief that European governments would always have infinite resources and could continue borrowing as if there were no tomorrow. Unlike the Americans, who felt that the markets knew best, the Europeans failed to anticipate how the markets would react to their endless borrowing. Today, the European Union is creating a $580 billion fund to ward off sovereign collapse. This will buy the EU time, but it will not solve the bloc’s larger problem.2011 年12 月英语六级阅读真题(5) Passage OneQuestions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.What's the one word of advice a well-meaning professional would give to a recent college graduate? China"} India! Brazil! How about trade!When the Commerce Department reported last week that the trade deficit in June approached $50 billion, it set off a new round of economic doomsaying. Imports, which soared to $200.3 billion in the month, are subtracted in the calculation of gross domestic product. The larger the trade deficit, the smaller the GDP. Should such imbalances continue, pessimists say, they could contribute to slower growth.But there's another way of looking at the trade data. Over the past two years, the figures on imports and exports seem not to signal a double-dip recession – a renewed decline in the broad level of economic activity in the United States – but an economic expansion.The rising volume of trade – more goods and services shuttling in and out of the United States – is good news for many sectors. Companies engaged in shipping, trucking, rail freight, delivery,and logistics (物流) have all been reporting better than expected results. The rising numbers signify growing vitality in foreign markets – when we import more stuff, it puts more cash in the hands of people around the world, and U.S. exports are rising because more foreigners have the ability to buy the things we produce and market. The rising tide of trade is also good news for people who work in trade-sensitive businesses, especially those that produce commodities for which global demand sets the price – agricultural goods, mining, metals, oil.And while exports always seem to lag, U.S. companies are becoming more involved in the global economy with each passing month. General Motors sells as many cars in China as in America each month. While that may not do much for imports, it does help GM's balance sheet – and hence makes the jobs of U.S.-based executives more stable.One great challenge for the U.S. economy is slack domestic consumer demand. Americans arepaying down debt, saving more, and spending more carefully. That's to be expected, given what we've been through. But there's a bigger challenge. Can U.S.-based businesses, large and small, figure out how to get a piece of growing global demand? Unless you want to pick up and move to India, orBrazil, or China, the best way to do that is through trade. It may seem obvious, but it's no longer enough simply to do business with our friends and neighbors here at home.Companies and individuals who don't have a strategy to export more, or to get more involved in foreign markets, or to play a role in global trade, are shutting themselves out of the lion's share of economic opportunity in our world.(6) Passage TwoA recurring criticism of the UK's university sector is its perceived weakness in translating new knowledge into new products and services.Recently, the UK National Stem Cell Network warned the UK could lose its place among the world leaders in stem cell research unless adequate funding and legislation could be assured. We should take this concern seriously as universities are key in the national innovation system.However, we do have to challenge the unthinking complaint that the sector does not do enough in taking ideas to market. The most recent comparative data on the performance of universities and research institutions in Australia, Canada, USA and UKshows that, from a relatively weak starting position, the UK now leads on many indicators of commercialisation activity.When viewed at the national level, the policy interventions of the past decade have helped trans form the performance of UK universities. Evidence suggests the UK's position is much stronger than in the recent past and is still showing improvement. But national data masks the very large variation in the performance of individual universities. The evidence shows that a large number of universities have fallen off the back of the pack, a few perform strongly and the rest chase the leaders.This type of uneven distribution is not peculiar to the UK and is mirrored across other economies. In the UK, research is concentrated: less than 25% of universities receive 75% of the research funding. These same universities are also the institutions producing the greatest share of PhD graduates, science citations, patents and licence income. The effect of policies generating long-term resource concentration has also created a distinctive set of universities which areresearch-led and commercially active. It seems clear that the concentration of research and commercialisation work creates differences between universities.The core objective for universities which are research-led must be to maximise the impact oftheir research efforts. These universities should be generating the widest range of social, economic and environmental benefits. In return for the scale of investment, they should share their expertise in order to build greater confidence in the sector.Part of the economic recovery of the UK will be driven by the next generation of research commercialisation spilling out of our universities. There are three dozen universities in the UKwhich are actively engaged in advanced research training and commercialisation work.If there was a greater coordination of technology transfer offices within regions and a simultaneous investment in the scale and functions of our graduate schools, universities could, and should, play a key role in positioning the UK for the next growth cycle.2011 年6 月英语六级阅读真题(7) Passage OneQuestions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.At the heart of the debate over illegal immigration lies one key question: are immigrants good or bad for the economy? The American public overwhelmingly thinks they're bad. Yet the consensus among most economists is that immigration, both legal and illegal, provides a small net boost to the economy. Immigrants provide cheap labor, lower the prices of everything from farm produce to new homes, and leave consumers with a little more money in their pockets. So why is there such a discrepancy between the perception of immigrants' impact on the economy and the reality?There are a number of familiar theories. Some argue that people are anxious and feel threatened by an inflow of new workers. Others highlight the strain that undocumented immigrants place on public services, like schools, hospitals, and jails. Still others emphasize the role of race, arguing that foreigners add to the nation's fears and insecurities. There's some truth to all these explanations, but they aren't quite sufficient.To get a better understanding of what's going on, consider the way immigration's impact is felt. Though its overall effect may be positive, its costs and benefits are distributed unevenly. David Card, an economist at UC Berkeley, notesthat the ones who profit most directly from immigrants'low-cost labor are businesses and employers – meatpacking plants in Nebraska, for instance, or agricultural businesses in California. Granted, these producers' savings probably translate into lower prices at the grocery store, but how many consumers make that mental connection at the checkout counter? As for the drawbacks of illegal immigration, these, too, are concentrated. Native low-skilled workers suffer most from the competition of foreign labor. According to a study by George Borjas, a Harvard economist, immigration reduced the wages of American high-school dropouts by 9% between 1980-2000.Among high-skilled, better-educated employees, however, opposition was strongest in states with both high numbers of immigrants and relatively generous social services. What worried them most, in other words, was the fiscal (财政的)burden of immigration. That conclusion was reinforced by another finding: that their opposition appeared to soften when that fiscal burden decreased, as occurred with welfare reform in the 1990s, which curbed immigrants' access to certain benefits.The irony is that for all the overexcited debate, the net effect of immigration is minimal. Even for those most acutely affected – say, low-skilled workers, or California residents –the impact isn't all that dramatic. "The unpleasant voices have tended to dominate our perceptions," says Daniel Tichenor, a political science professor at the University of Oregon. "But when all those factors are put together and the economists calculate the numbers, it ends up being a net positive, but a small one." Too bad most people don't realize it.(8) Passage TwoPicture a typical MBA lecture theatre twenty years ago. In it the majority of students will have conformed to the standard model of the time: male, middle class and Western. Walk into a class today, however, and you'll get a completely different impression. For a start, you will now see plenty more women – the University of Pennsylvania's Wharton School, for example, boasts that 40% of its new enrolment is female. You will also see a wide range of ethnic groups and nationals of practically every country.It might be tempting, therefore, to think that the old barriers have been broken down and equal opportunity achieved. But,increasingly, this apparent diversity is becoming a mask for a new type of conformity. Behind the differences in sex, skin tones and mother tongues, there are common attitudes, expectations and ambitions which risk creating a set of clones among the business leaders of the future.Diversity, it seems, has not helped to address fundamental weaknesses in business leadership. So what can be done to create more effective managers of the commercial world? According to Valerie Gauthier, associate dean at HEC Paris, the key lies in the process by which MBA programmes recruit their students. At the moment candidates are selected on a fairly narrow set of criteria such as prior academic and career performance, and analytical and problem solving abilities. This is then coupled to a school's picture of what a diverse class should look like, with the result that passport, ethnic origin and sex can all become influencing factors. But schools rarely dig down to find out what really makes an applicant succeed, to create a class which also contains diversity of attitude and approach – arguably the only diversity that, in a business context, really matters.Professor Gauthier believes schools should not just be selecting candidates from traditional sectors such as banking,consultancy and industry. They should also be seeking individuals who have backgrounds in areas such as political science, the creative arts, history or philosophy, which will allow them to put business decisions into a wider context.Indeed, there does seem to be a demand for the more rounded leaders such diversity might create. A study by Mannaz, a leadership development company, suggests that, while the bully-boy chief executive of old may not have been eradicated completely, there is a definite shift in emphasis towards less tough styles of management – at least in America and Europe. Perhaps most significant, according to Mannaz, is the increasing interest large companies have in more collaborative management models, such as those prevalent in Scandinavia, which seek to integrate the hard and soft aspects of leadership and encourage delegated responsibility and accountability.2010 年12 月英语六级阅读真题(9) Passage OneIn the early 20th century, few things were more appealing than the promise of scientific knowledge. In aworld struggling with rapid industrialization, science and technology seemed to offer solutions to almost every problem. Newly created state colleges and universities devoted themselves almost entirely to scientific, technological, and engineering fields. Many Americans came to believe that scientific certainty could not only solve scientific problems, but also reform politics, government, and business. Two world wars and a Great Depression rocked the confidence of many people that scientific expertise alone could create a prosperous and ordered world. After World War Ⅱ, the academic world turned with new enthusiasm to humanistic studies, which seemed to many scholars the best way to ensure the survival of democracy. American scholars fanned out across much of the world—with support from the Ford Foundation, the Fulbright program, etc.—to promote the teaching of literature and the arts in an effort to make the case for democratic freedoms.In the America of our own time, the great educational challenge has become an effort to strengthen the teaching of what is now known as the STEM disciplines (science, technology, engineering, and math). There isconsiderable and justified concern that the United States is falling behind much of the rest of the developed world in these essential disciplines. India, China, Japan, and other regions seem to be seizing technological leadership.At the same time, perhaps inevitably, the humanities—while still popular in elite colleges and universities—have experienced a significant decline. Humanistic disciplines are seriously underfunded, not just by the government and the foundations but by academic institutions themselves. Humanists are usually among the lowest-paid faculty members at most institutions and are often lightly regarded because they do not generate grant income and because they provide no obvious credentials (资质) for most nonacademic careers.Undoubtedly American education should train more scientists and engineers. Much of the concern among politicians about the state of American universities today is focused on the absence of “real world” education—which means preparation for professional and scientific careers. But the idea that institutions ortheir students must decide between humanities and science is false. Our society could not survive without scientific and technological knowledge. But we would be equally impoverished (贫困的) without humanistic knowledge as well. Science and technology teach us what we can do. Humanistic thinking helps us understand what we should do.It is almost impossible to imagine our society without thinking of the extraordinary achievements of scientists and engineers in building our complicated world. But try to imagine our world as well without the remarkable works that have defined our culture and values. We have always needed, and we still need, both.(10) Passage TwoWill there ever be another Einstein? This is the undercurrent of conversation at Einstein memorial meetings throughout the year. A new Einstein will emerge, scientists say. But it may take a long time. After all, more than 200 years separated Einstein from his nearest rival, Isaac Newton.Many physicists say the next Einstein hasn’t been born yet, or is a baby now. That’s because the quest for a unified theory that would account for all the forces of nature has pushed current mathematics to its limits. New math must be created before the problem can be solved.But researchers say there are many other factors working against another Einstein emerging anytime soon.For one thing, physics is a much different field today. In Einstein’s day, there were only a few thousand physicists worldwide, and the theoreticians who could intellectually rival Einstein probably would fit into a streetcar with seats to spare.Education is different, too. One crucial aspect of Einstein’s training that is overlooked is the years of philosophy he read as a teenager—Kant, Schopenhauer and Spinoza, among others. It taught him how to think independently and abstractly about space and time, and it wasn’t long before he became a philosopher himself.“The independence created by philosophical insight is—in my opinion—the mark of distinction between a mere artisan (工匠) or specialist and a real seeker after。
2023年大学英语六级考试历年阅读试题译文
大学英语六级考试(CET6)历年阅读试题译文历年六级试题阅读译文1999年1月六级试题译文Passage one译文诸多美国人对有关食物旳多数危险持极度歪曲、夸张旳观点。
马萨诸塞—阿姆赫特大学食品科学及营养系主任佛卡斯·克拉斯代尔直率地说,假如被细菌污染旳鸡肉旳危险像某些人认为旳那样大,“大街上就会到处躺满中毒旳人。
”虽然公众越来越规定安全食品,但世界上没有这样旳东西。
伯克利旳加里福尼亚大学生物化学系主任布鲁斯·阿密兹指出,一棵植物中多达10%旳重量是天然杀虫剂。
他说:“植物没有嘴和牙齿来保护自己,它们就使用化学战。
”许多自然生成旳化学物质虽然量很小,但试验室化验却证明是强致癌物——可引起癌症旳物质。
假如用食品添加剂旳原则来衡量,蘑菇就会被严禁食用。
康乃尔大学旳营养学家克利斯蒂娜·斯达克断言:“我们从食物中获得旳天然化学物质比任何人造旳东西都糟糕得多。
”然而问题并不那么简朴。
尽管美国人没理由胆怯坐在餐桌旁,但他们完全有理由规定食物和饮水安全有明显改善。
他们不知不觉地、不情愿地吸取了大量多种各样旳危险化学物。
要是食物中已经具有天然致癌物,再加上几十种新旳人造致癌物就不大明智了。
虽然大多数人能抵御食物和水里旳少许污染物,但至少一天少数人会因吃喝旳东西而患癌症。
为使食物和供水质量更高,政府需提高管理原则,严格检查计划并强化执行政策。
食品工业应当修改某些人们长期接受旳做法,或采用危险较小旳做法。
最重要旳也许是消费者将不得不学习怎样对旳处理和烹制食物。
需要处理从田间到加工场、再到厨房旳整个食品供应过程中旳所有问题。
Passage two译文有些地球现象可以估计,但有旳人说磁场是个例外。
磁场旳强度波动,并从轴开始移动,每隔几十万年经历一次奇异旳两极转换——这期间北极变成南极,南极变成北极。
但磁场是怎么产生旳?为何如此不稳定?两位法国地球物理学家旳开创性研究为揭示这一奥秘提供了某些线索。
历年六级真题翻译汇总
1、闻名于世的丝绸之路是一系列连接东西方的路线。
丝绸之路延伸6,000多公里。
得名于古代中国的丝绸贸易。
丝绸之路上的贸易在中国、南亚、欧洲和中东文明发展中发挥了重要作用。
正是通过丝绸之路,中国的造纸、火药、指南针、印刷等四大发明才被引介到世界各地。
同样,中国的丝绸、茶叶和瓷器(porcelain)也传遍全球。
物质文化的交流是双向的。
欧洲也通过丝绸之路出口各种商品和植物,满足中国市场的需要。
The world-renowned Silk Road is a series of routes connecting the East and the West. It extended more than 6,000 kilometers. The Silk Road was named after ancient China’s silk trade which played an important role in the civilization development of China, South Asia, Europe and the Middle East. It was through the Silk Road that papermaking, gunpowder, compass and printing of the four great inventions of ancient China were introduced around the world. Similarly, Chinese silk, tea and porcelain spread all over the world. Europe also exported various goods and plants through the Silk Road to meet the needs of the Chinese market.2、中国园林是经过三千多年演变而成的独具一格的园林景观。
历年英语六级阅读理解逐句翻译
历年六级阅读理解逐句翻译一、There is nothing like the suggestion of a cancer risk to scare a parent, especially one of the over-educated, eco-conscious type.没有什么事情比有得癌症的迹象更让父母感到害怕的了,尤其对于受到过度教育、对生态环境敏感的那种人来说。
So you can imagine the reaction when a recent USA Today investigation of air quality around the nation’s schools singled out those in the smugly(自鸣得意的)green village of Berkeley, Calif., as being among the worst in the country.所以当《今日美国》在近期公布的一份全国范围内的学校周边空气质量调查中,把加州伯克利的绿色环保小镇列为全国最差时,你可以想象到那些自鸣得意的人的反应。
The city’s public high school, as well as a number of daycare centers, preschools, elementary and middle schools, fell in the lowest 10%. Industrial pollution in our town had supposedly turned students into living science experi ments breathing in a laboratory’s worth of heavy metals like manganese, chromium and nickel each day.该市的公立高中以及为数众多的日间看护中心、学前教育机构、小学和中学都在最差的10%之列。
历年6级阅读真题及翻译.doc
历年英语六级阅读真题及翻译(2009.06-1999.01 )2009年6月英语六级阅读真题Passage One:For hundreds of millions of years, turtles (海龟)have struggled out of the sea to lay their eggs on sandy beaches, long before there were nature documentaries to celebrate them, or GPS satellites and marine biologists to track them, or volunteers to hand-carry the hatchlings (幼龟)down to the water' s edge lest they become disoriented by headlights and crawl towards a motel parking lot instead. A formidable wall of bureaucracy has been erected to protect their prime nesting on the Atlantic coastlines. With all that attention paid to them, you' d think these creatures would at least have the gratitude not to go extinct. But Nature is indifferent to human notions of fairness, and a report by the Fish and Wildlife Service showed a worrisome drop in the populations of several species of North Atlantic turtles, notably loggerheads, which can grow to as much as 400 pounds. The South Florida nesting population, the largest, has declined by 50% in the last decade, according to Elizabeth Griffin, a marine biologist with the environmental group Oceana. The figures prompted Oceana to petition the government to upgrade the level of protection for the North Atlantic loggerheads from "threatened n to “endangered”一meaning they are in danger of disappearing without additional help. Which raises the obvious question: what else do these turtles want from us, anyway? It turns out, according to Griffin, that while we have done a good job of protecting the turtles for the weeks they spend on land (as egg-laying females, as eggs and as hatchlings), we have neglected the years spend in the ocean. "The threat is from commercial fishing, ” says Griffin. Trawlers (which drag large nets through the water and along the ocean floor)and longline fishers (which can deploy thousands of hooks on lines that can stretch for miles) take a heavy toll on turtles. Of course, like every other environmental issue today, this is playing out against the background of global warming and human interference with natural ecosystems. The narrow strips of beach on which the turtles lay their eggs are being squeezed on one side by development and on the other by the threat of rising sea levels as the oceans warm. Ultimately we must get a handle on those issues as well, or a creature that outlived the dinosaurs (恐龙)will meet its end at the hands of humans, leaving our descendants to wonder how creature so ugly could have won so much affection.在数亿年前的时间里,海龟一直在挣扎着离开大海道海滩上产卵,时间远远遭遇自然纪录片的赞扬,或全球定位通讯卫星和海洋生物学家的追踪,乂或者志愿者们用手把幼龟放在海边以避免它们受到光线的影响迷失方向,爬向汽车旅馆的停车场。
大学六级英语翻译(历年真题附答案)
一、请将下面这段话翻译成英文:助人为乐,是中华民族优良传统之一。
通过“助人”,既向别人供给了帮助,又表达了一种自尊。
帮助他人要摈弃私心杂念,不能处处为个人利益着想。
遇事要多替别人考虑,主动伸手帮助那些需要帮助的人。
做到助人为乐,要偷快面对生活,不能自寻苦恼。
在帮助别人的同时,自己收获欢快,享受生活的乐趣。
做到助人为乐,要乐观行动起来,不能只说不做。
要脚踏实地(be down-to-earth), 热忱周到地为他人效劳,哪怕是简洁的小事,也要从一点一滴做起。
参考翻译:Being ready to help others is one of the fine traditions of Chinese nation.By helping others,one not only offered help to others,but also expressed one kind of self-respect.To help others,one should give up selfishness and shouldn”t consider his own interest all the time.Think more of others and initiatively give a hand to those that need help.To be ready to help others,one should live happily and avoid asking for trouble.When helping others, one can get happiness at the same time and enjoy the pleasure of life.To be ready to help others,one should take action actively instead of just saying it.Be down-to-earth, and offer service to others with passion.Even for the simple things,just start doing them bit by bit.翻译讲解:1.表达了一种自尊:可译为express one kind of self-respect。
2023年7月英语六级翻译真题译文大全整理
7月英语六级翻译真题译文大全整理作为六级的备考人,肯定要好好预备,过往的六级资料其实具有特别大的参考价值。
为此,今日我给大家整理了7月英语六级翻译真题,我们一起来看看吧!7月英语六级翻译真题题目《三国演义》写于14世纪,是中国闻名的历史小说。
这部文学作品以三国时期的历史为基础,描写了从二世纪下半叶到三世纪下半叶魏、蜀、吴之间的战斗。
小说描写了近千个人物和很多的历史大事。
虽然这些人物和大事大多是基于真实的历史,但它们都不同程度地被浪漫化和戏剧化了。
《三国演义》是一部公认的文学巨著。
自出版以来,这部小说吸引了一代又一代的读者,对中国(文化)产生了广泛而长久的影响。
7月英语六级翻译真题参考译文1TheRomanceoftheThreeKingdoms,whichwaswritteninthefourteenthcentur y,isafamoushistoricalnovelinChina.BasedonthehistoryoftheThreeKingdo msperiod,thisliteraryworkdescribesthewarbetweenWei,ShuandWufromthe secondhalfofthesecondcenturytothesecondhalfofthethirdcentury.Thenovel depictsnearlyathousandcharactersandcountlesshistoricalevents.Although mostofthesecharactersandeventsarebasedontherealhistory,theyaredramatiz edandexaggeratedtovaryingdegrees.TheRomanceoftheThreeKingdomsisr ecognizedasaliterarymasterpiece.Sinceitspublication,thisnovelhasattracted anddeeplyinfluencedgenerationsofreaders.Italsohasawidespreadandlasting impactonChinesehistory.解析三国演义TheRomanceoftheThreeKingdoms二世纪下半叶secondhalfofthesecondcentury;描述describe/depict数numerous/countless浪漫化romanticize;戏剧化dramatize文学名著literarymasterpiece/work7月英语六级翻译真题参考译文2TheRomanceoftheThreeKingdoms,writteninthe14thcentury,isawell-know nChinesehistoricalnovel.SetinperiodoftheThreeKingdoms,thebookdepicts warsamongWei,ShuHanandWufromthesecondhalfofthe2ndcenturyA.D.tot hesecondhalfofthe3rdcenturyA.D.Nearlyonethousandfiguresandinnumera blehistoricaleventsareincludedinthenovel.Althoughthesefiguresandevents arebasedongenuinehistory,theyareromanticizedanddramatizedtosomeexte nt.Asauniversally-acknowledgedliterarymasterpiece,thisnovel,whichhasa ppealedtoreadersfromgenerationtogeneration,hashadalastingimpactonChi neseculture.7月英语六级翻译真题参考译文3分析①《三国演义》(TheRomanceoftheThreeKingdoms)是中国一部闻名的历史小说,写于十四世纪。
大学英语六级(CET6)阅读理解中英文对照25篇
六级阅读Passage oneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Many Americans harbour a grossly distorted and exaggerated view of most of the risks surrounding food. Fergus Clydesdale, head of the department of food science and nutrition at the University of Massachusetts-Amherst, says bluntly that if the dangers from bacterially contaminated chicken were as great as some people believe, “the streets would be littered with people lying here and there.”Though the public increasingly demands no -risk food, there is no such thing. Bruce Ames, chairman of the biochemistry department at the University of California, Berkeley, points out that up to 10% of a plant’s weight is made up of natural pesticides (杀虫剂). Says he: “Since plants do not have jaw s or teeth to protect themselves, they employ chemical warfare.” And many naturally produced chemicals, though occurring in tiny amounts, prove in laboratory tests to be strong carcinogens-a substance which can cause cancer. Mushrooms (磨菇) might be banned if they were judged by the same standards that apply to food additives (添加剂). Declares Christina Stark, a nutritionist at Cornell University: “We’ve got fat worse natural chemicals in the food supply than anything man-made.”Yet the issues are not that simple. While Americans have no reason to be terrified to sit down at the dinner table, they have every reason to demand significant improvements in food and water safety. They unconsciously and unwillingly take in too much of too many dangerous chemicals. If food already contains natural carcinogens, it does not make much sense to add dozens of new man-made ones. Though most people will withstand the small amounts of contaminants generally found in food and water, at least a few individuals will probably get cancer one day be cause of what they eat and drink.To make good food and water supplies even better, the Government needs to tighten its regulatory standards, stiffen its inspection program and strengthen its enforcement policies. The food industry should modify some long-accepted practices or turn to less hazardous alternatives. Perhaps most important, consumers will have to do a better job of learning how to handle and cook food properly. The problems that need to be tackled exist all along the food-supply chain, from fields to processing plants to kitchens.21.What does the author think of the Americans’ view of their food?A)They overstate the government’s interference with the food industry.B)They are overoptimistic about the safety of their food.C)They overestimate the hazards of their food.D)They overlook the risks of the food they eat.22.The author considers it impossible to obtain no-risk food because ________.A)no food is free from pollution in the environmentB)pesticides are widely used in agricultureC)many vegetables contain dangerous natural chemicalsD)almost all foods have additives123.By saying “they employ chemical warfare” (Line 4, Para. 2), Bruce Ames means“________”.A)plants produce certain chemicals to combat pests and diseasesB)plants absorb useful chemicals to promote their growthC)farmers use man-made chemicals to dissolve the natural chemicals in plantsD)farmers use chemicals to protect plants against pests and diseases24.The reduction of the possible hazards in food ultimately depends on ________.A)the governmentB)the consumerC)the processorD)the grower25.What is the message the author wants to convey in the passage?A)Eating and drinking have become more hazardous than before.B)Immediate measures must be taken to improve food production and processing.C)Health food is not a dream in modern society.D)There is reason for caution but no cause for alarm with regard to food consumption.译文很多美国人对有关食物的多数危险持极度歪曲、夸张的观点。
六级考试历年译文
六级考试历年阅读译文XXXX年1月六级阅读译文Passageone译文很多美国人对有关食物的多数危险持极度歪曲、夸张的观点。
马萨诸塞―阿姆赫特大学食品科学及营养系主任佛卡斯•克拉斯代尔直率地说,如果被细菌污染的鸡肉的危险像一些人认为的那样大,“大街上就会到处躺满中毒的人。
”虽然公众越来越要求安全食品,但世界上没有这样的东西。
伯克利的加里福尼亚大学生物化学系主任布鲁斯•阿密兹指出,一棵植物中多达10%的重量是天然杀虫剂。
他说:“植物没有嘴和牙齿来保护自己,它们就使用化学战。
”许多自然生成的化学物质虽然量很小,但实验室化验却证明是强致癌物――可引起癌症的物质。
如果用食品添加剂的标准来衡量,蘑菇就会被禁止食用。
康乃尔大学的营养学家克利斯蒂娜•斯达克断言:“我们从食物中获得的天然化学物质比任何人造的东西都糟糕得多。
”然而问题并不那么简单。
尽管美国人没理由害怕坐在餐桌旁,但他们完全有理由要求食物和饮水安全有明显改进。
他们不知不觉地、不情愿地吸收了大量各种各样的危险化学物。
要是食物中已经含有天然致癌物,再加上几十种新的人造致癌物就不大明智了。
虽然大多数人能抵抗食物和水里的少量污染物,但至少一天少数人会因吃喝的东西而患癌症。
为使食物和供水质量更高,政府需提高管理标准,严格检查计划并强化执行政策。
食品工业应该修改某些人们长期接受的做法,或采用危险较小的做法。
最重要的也许是消费者将不得不学习如何正确处理和烹制食物。
需要解决从田间到加工场、再到厨房的整个食品供应过程中的全部问题。
Passagetwo译文有些地球现象可以预计,但有的人说磁场是个例外。
磁场的强度波动,并从轴开始移动,每隔几十万年经历一次奇异的两极转换――这期间北极变成南极,南极变成北极。
但磁场是怎么产生的?为什么如此不稳定?两位法国地球物理学家的开创性研究为揭示这一奥秘提供了一些线索。
利用80米深海沉淀物的核心,他们测出了历时400万年,11次两极转换期间的磁场强度。
近年来英语六级翻译真题汇总(含答案)
近年来英语六级翻译真题汇总(含答案)近年来英语六级翻译真题汇总(含答案)2015 年12 月六级翻译真题及参考译文第1套:中国工业升级最近,中国政府决定将其工业升级。
中国现在涉足建造高速列车,远洋船舶,机器人,甚至飞机。
不久前,中国获得了在印度尼西亚建造一条高铁的合同:中国还与马拉西亚签署了为其提供高速列车的合同。
这证明人们信赖中国造产品。
中国造产品越来越受欢迎。
中国为此付出了代价,但这确实有助于消除贫困,同时还为世界各地的人们提供了就业机会。
这是一件好事,值得称赞。
下次你去商店时,可能想看一看你所购商品的出产国名。
很有可能这件商品是中国造的。
Recently, the Chinese government decided to upgrade its industry. China is now involved in building high-speed trains, ocean going ships, robots and even airplanes. Not long ago, China won a contract to build a high-speed railway in Indonesia: it also signed a contract with Malaysia to supply it with high-speed trains. This proves that people believe in products made in China. Products made in China are more and more popular. China has paid for this, but it does help eradicate poverty and provide jobs for people around the world. It's a good thing, to be commended. The next time you go to the store, you may want to have a look at the name of the country where the goods you buy are made. It is likely that this product is made in China.第2套:中国减贫在帮助国际社会于2030 年前消除极端贫困过程中,中国正扮演着越来越重要的角色。
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1999年1月六级试题译文
Passage one
译文
很多美国人对有关食物的多数危险持极度歪曲、夸张的观点。马萨诸塞—阿姆赫特大学食品科学及营养系主任佛卡斯·克拉斯代尔直率地说,如果被细菌污染的鸡肉的危险像一些人认为的那样大,“大街上就会到处躺满中毒的人。”
虽然公众越来越要求安全食品,但世界上没有这样的东西。伯克利的加里福尼亚大学生物化学系主任布鲁斯·阿密兹指出,一棵植物中多达10%的重量是天然杀虫剂。他说:“植物没有嘴和牙齿来保护自己,它们就使用化学战。”许多自然生成的化学物质虽然量很小,但实验室化验却证明是强致癌物——可引起癌症的物质。如果用食品添加剂的标准来衡量,蘑菇就会被禁止食用。康乃尔大学的营养学家克利斯蒂娜·斯达克断言:“我们从食物中获得的天然化学物质比任何人造的东西都糟糕得多。”
我们有时认为惟有人类易受忧虑伤害,但紧张情绪似乎也影响了低级动物的免疫系统。例如,在一次实验中,丹佛大学的行为免疫学家马克·朗顿斯拉格对24只老鼠进行了轻微的电击。一半老鼠能通过转动笼子里的一个轮子切断电源,而另一半却不能。朗顿斯拉格将两组老鼠配成对,每次一只老鼠转动轮子,它就能保护自己和无能为力的伙伴免遭电击。朗顿斯拉发现,无能为力的老鼠免疫反应降至正常以下,但那些能够切断电流的老鼠却没有。他认为,他所证明的是缺乏控制事件的能力会削弱免疫系统,而非经历本身。
Part IV Short Answer Questions
译文
许多家长赞成孩子关掉电视,多花一些时间和家人呆在一起,但是他们仍然担心没有电视孩子会缠着自己和他们一起玩。家长们记得小时候想出各种各样的事情来做。但是,他们的孩子却似乎不同,主意不那么多。这些家长遗憾地注意到,当无事可做时,他们的孩子除了打开电视似乎想不出别的事可做。
例如,一个父亲说“我小时候,我们总能想出事情来,包括学习、活动和游戏。我们绝不会向父母亲抱怨,‘我无事可干’!”他拿自己的童年与他的孩子作了比较:“他们只不过是懒惰。如果没有人和他们一块玩,他们就会整天看电视。”
这位父亲的话可以用一个词来概括,即“不公平”。他好像是说他对孩子不会读希腊语而感到失望,尽管他们从未学过希腊语。他对孩子缺乏创造力而感到遗憾,好像他的孩子缺少一种先天的会娱乐的本领。事实上,虽然对玩耍的偏好是人类生来就有的,可是娱乐的实际本领(想象力、创造力以及调侃现实的能力)以及从中获得满足的本领,是通过后天习得和培养出来的。
Passage Three
译文
请想象一个突然没有情感的世界——在那个世界上人类感觉不到爱和幸福,也感觉不到恐怖和憎恨。试想这种变化的后果。人们也许不能活下去:既不知道喜悦也不知道快乐,既不知道焦虑也不知道恐惧,他们可能会不断重复伤害自己的行为,就像不断重复对他们有益的行为一样。他们什么也学不到:他们不能从经验中受益,因为这个没有情感的世界既无奖励也无惩罚。人类社会很快会消失:因为人们可能相互伤害,就像相互帮助和支持一样。人际关系不复存在:在一个没有朋友和敌人的世界里,伙伴间不可能有婚姻和爱,群体间也没有纽带。社会经济支柱被摧毁:因为挣1000万美元同挣10美元一样不高兴,所以没有工作动力。实际上,做任何事都有动力。因为正如我们马上会看到的,动力意味着享有它们的一种能力。
Passage Four
译文
卡耐基财团的报告说,很多高校竭力想“所有人所有东西都学”。在此过程中,它们越来越迎合思想狭隘的职业教育,而没有培养学生开阔的视野。报告认为,当前危机并非来自使学习以生产为目的这一合理愿望。问题是,在太多的学科中,学习是孤立的;技能变成了目的,而不是手段。学校向学生提供很多选择,允许他们选择获得学位的方法。总之,由于职业教育的驱动,“全国高等院校在提供文凭方面比向学生提供素质教育更成功。”报告得出结论:本科院校所面临的特殊挑战之一是构建公共课程的“完整核心”。这样的核心课程会向学生介绍“跨学科的关联基本知识,最终引导他们把知识应用于社会。”
Passage Two
译文
破坏自然资源和污染食物的事不断发生,这主要是因为对那些不顾后果肆意破坏环境的人难以追究法律责任。通过立法、经济刺激和善意劝说等防止污染的努力遇到诉讼、个人和企业的否认及旷日持久的拖延——不仅在接受责任方面,更重要的是在有关其处理方面。
看来只有当政府决定采取税收优惠或牺牲生产时,才会主动改变。保护人类的伟大宝库是一项最重要的责任,企业和我们对此的共识何在?如果有环境卫生专业人员到第一线来领导解决环境开创性研究为揭示这一奥秘提供了一些线索。利用80米深海沉淀物的核心,他们测出了历时400万年,11次两极转换期间的磁场强度。分析显示,强度的波动看来有明显、准确的节奏。虽然短期内磁场强度变化不规则,但似乎每次两极转换前都有一个不可避免的漫长衰落过程。当两极转换后——一个历时几十万年的过程,磁场迅速恢复其强度,循环便重新开始。
本世纪快结束之时,人们正在仔细研究大学的完整观念应该是什么。专家们在考虑在多大程度上能用计算机代替教室,在谈论终生教育的必要性,并把学生当作“消费者”。
英国工业联盟——主要的企业组织——需要进一步扩大高等教育,以便帮助参与因亚洲经济迅速发展而引发的国际市场的激烈竞争。但政府对此持怀疑态度。《泰晤时报》同意政府的看法,抱怨说由于学生数量激增,封闭的导师指导制被“更典型的欧洲大学批量生产法”所代替。教育质量已受损。
在这样一个世界上,人类生存下去的可能性几乎为零,因为情感是我们生存和应变的基本手段。情感以一种重要的方式为我们构建了世界。作为个人,我们以情感为基础对事物进行分类。确实,我们要考虑物体的长度、形状、大小或质地,但比起它为我们做过什么或能做什么——伤害我们、令我们吃惊、使我们生气或者使我们快乐,物体的物理特征就退居其次了。在家庭、团体和社会中,我们的划分也带情感色彩。源于对事物及事件情感的经历,我们产生了对事物和行为“好”与“坏”的社会认同感,我们把这种分类用于社会生活的每一方面——从我们吃的食物穿的衣服,到信守诺言及我们的群体认可哪些人。事实上,社会利用我们情感的反应和态度——如忠诚、道德、自豪、羞耻、内疚、恐惧和贪婪等——才得以维持。社会对做重要工作的人——如外科医生——给予很高的报酬,把有非凡业绩或在危险职业中有功劳的人——如战争中驾驶战斗机的人——尊为英雄,而且运用法律和刑法制度使人们不敢从事反社会活动。
心情改变免疫反应最令人惊讶的例子之一是偶尔发现的。1975年,罗切斯特大学医学院的心理学家罗伯特·阿德通过同时给老鼠喂糖精和注射抑制免疫系统的药使其胃部不适,使老鼠形成条件反射避开糖精。因为把糖精和胃痛联系起来,老鼠很快就学会避开糖精。为消除对糖精的厌恶,阿德再次给这些老鼠喂糖精,但这次没给药;他惊讶地发现一些老鼠死了,这些老鼠在以前形成条件反射期间吃的糖精最多。他只能这样推测:他成功地使老鼠形成条件反射,现在仅用削弱其免疫系统的糖精就足以使其致死。
三个中学毕业生中有一个进入高等学校,数量是30年前上次调查时的5倍。
大家都认为,一个系统迅速扩充后感到紧张,需要更多的资金;但几乎没有希望从纳税人那里获得,从企业吸引更多资金的机会也不大。
多数大学认为学生应该交纳学费,这在世界上其他地方司空见惯,但在英国却会是一个巨大的变化。大学要求政府为学费提供贷款计划,现在暂时搁置了威胁行动。他们等待迪厄英的意见,希望它不会太晚——据报道有些大学已经处于财政困难之中。
然而问题并不那么简单。尽管美国人没理由害怕坐在餐桌旁,但他们完全有理由要求食物和饮水安全有明显改进。他们不知不觉地、不情愿地吸收了大量各种各样的危险化学物。要是食物中已经含有天然致癌物,再加上几十种新的人造致癌物就不大明智了。虽然大多数人能抵抗食物和水里的少量污染物,但至少一天少数人会因吃喝的东西而患癌症。
Passage Three
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在学生数量大幅度增加的重压下,英国的大学呻吟着警告:免费教育的传统正处于危险之中。大学威胁说,如果政府不采取行动改善其经济状况,放弃削减公共开支的计划,他们将向学生收学费以弥补学校收入的不足。
政府对大学威胁的反应是让无党派调停人瑞·迪厄英爵士负责评估近三十年来高等教育的基本状况。
我认为,目前我们有三方面任务。第一,我们必须继续主张高质量的生活,这一点人们自己可以做到。第二,我们必须调查,并搞清环境和健康之间的关系。第三,我们必须能够以公民能理解的形式传播技术信息。如果我们能在这个10年内完成这三个目标,也许我们最终能使环境停止恶化,而不仅仅是控制它。那时,我们就能把治理污染的钱真正用于预防,而不是用于补救。
为使食物和供水质量更高,政府需提高管理标准,严格检查计划并强化执行政策。食品工业应该修改某些人们长期接受的做法,或采用危险较小的做法。最重要的也许是消费者将不得不学习如何正确处理和烹制食物。需要解决从田间到加工场、再到厨房的整个食品供应过程中的全部问题。
Passage two
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有些地球现象可以预计,但有的人说磁场是个例外。磁场的强度波动,并从轴开始移动,每隔几十万年经历一次奇异的两极转换——这期间北极变成南极,南极变成北极。但磁场是怎么产生的?为什么如此不稳定?
其他研究者也同意他的看法。杜克大学医学院的心理学家琼·伟斯已经证明:被允许控制不快刺激的动物不出现睡眠障碍,大脑化学成分也不发生变化,这些正是老鼠紧张的典型表现。但是,如果动物遭遇过不能控制的情况,以后它们面对能控制的事件时行为就会被动。这些发现加强了心理学家的猜疑,无助的经验或感知是压抑情绪中最有害的因素之一。
虽然优秀大学的关键是高质量的教师队伍,但卡耐基财团的研究发现,多数院校在鼓励优秀教学方面所做甚微。实际上,它们还做了很多损害教学的事情。正如一位教授所言:“我们被告之教学重要,然而教师们都知道,研究和出版著作最要紧。”毫不奇怪,在过去20年中,大学有一半4年制的本科生不能毕业。献身教学的教师很快发现他们不能终身受聘、提升或大幅度加薪。然而70%的教师说,他们对教学比对研究更有兴趣。另外,青年教师常抱怨说“对出版著作有压力,尽管管理层和同事实际上对出版东西的内容毫无兴趣。”
人们正在要求我们,实际上,公众正在命令我们采取积极行动。作为环保专业人员,我们的责任是要改变现状。是的,生态学家、环境保护活动家和资源保护者起沟通刺激人们思想、促进行为变化的作用。然而,正是我们这些人领取了报酬来决定发展、改善和执行环境保护标准,我建议、我们必须负起领导责任。