学术英语写作常用的高级词汇汇总

学术英语写作常用的高级词汇汇总（2016.9.27版）动词篇1、Assay vt. 化验；分析vi. 鉴定；经检验证明内含有成分n. 化验；试验e.g.1) For a single brand, five cigarettes were randomly selected for each assay and the data averaged together.2) Their cervical lymph nodes（颈部淋巴结）were collected to assay the lymphocyte proliferation rate（淋巴细胞增值率）and the production of cancer killing cytokines（细胞激素）.2、Attest vt. 证明；证实；为…作证vi. 证明；作证attest toe.g. 1) Police records attest to his long history of violence.2) Several witnesses can attest to her good character.Authenticate vt. 鉴定；证明…是真实的e.g. Now we come to the question of how to authenticate the partner who you are exchanging information with.3、Comply vi. 遵守，顺从，答应~ with 遵守，照做e.g. If we reinforce the traffic security education and more people comply with traffic regulations, I believe oneday traffic accidents can be avoided.4、Comprise vt. 包含；由…组成可以代替include, consist of, be composed ofe.g. Risk management system comprises four types.5、Consent vi. 同意，赞同，答应~ for 赞同n. 同意，（意见）一致；赞同e.g.1) He threw me a smile that telegraphed consent.2) I’m sure she wouldn’t consent.6、Contradict vt. 反驳；否定；与…矛盾vi. 反驳；否认；发生矛盾e.g.1) The shy girl was afraid to contradict.2) The hypothesis that it is the high light intensity outdoors that is crucial has been contradicted by a study suggesting that it is the spectral composition of the light, rather than the intensity, which is the primary cause of the tendency for myopia to be associated with more time indoors.7、Coordinate vt. 调整；整合vi. 协调n. 坐标；同等的人或物adj. 并列的e.g.1) Many people coordinate their lives so that they have to be together.’s no2) So that static universe in the middle has time as a coordinate but there arrow of time.8、Designate vt. 指定；标出；把…定义为adj. 指定的；选定的e.g. You may designate these responsibilities to different people at different times by roster（花名册；执勤人员表）.9、Eliminate vt. 消除；排除e.g. We now turn our attention to these topics, the associated threats, and how to eliminate the threats.10、Elucidate vt. 阐明，说明可以代替show, indicate, state等（病原学）of myopiae.g. Numerous studies have tried to elucidate the aetiology（近视；目光短浅）.11、Eradicate vt. 根除，根绝；消灭e.g. We must begin by acknowledging the hard truth: we will not eradicate violent conflict in our lifetimes.12、Escalate vt. 使逐步上升vi. 逐步上升；逐步增强e.g. Disputes concerning blockades and neutral trade could escalate into ugly confrontations with neutral states.13、Implement vt. 实施，执行，实现，使生效n. 工具；手段e.g. You must document operator verification procedures which ensure that GOP has been implemented effectively, monitoring is occurring and that appropriate corrective action is taken when limits are not met.14、Incorporate vt. 包含，吸收；体现vi. 合并；组成公司adj. 合并的；一体化的；组成公司的e.g.1) These components h ave been incorporated into a five-step risk ranking method that was developed in a project undertaken for the US EPA.2) We should also incorporate the fact that scholarships have been granted one year at a time.15、Manifest vt. 证明，表明；显示可以代替show, indicate等vi. 显示，出现adj. 显然的，明显的；明白的e.g.1) Any single service specification can have many service instances that manifest that service specification.2) Because i f you never ponder on those negative thoughts and never say those negative words, they can never manifest into your world.16、Mediate vt. 调停；传达vi. 调节；斡旋；居中adj. 间接的；居中的e.g. This study showed that the retardation of myopia development by light is partially mediated by dopamine.17、Postulate vt. 假设，假定n. 基本条件；假定e.g. It is postulated that higher light intensity outdoors could make the depth of field greater and reduce image blur.18、Prevail vi. 盛行，流行；获胜，占上风e.g. But the systems that now prevail in the Arab would provide for neither.19、Prolong vt. 延长，拖延e.g. We know what to do to prevent infections and save or prolong lives.20、Retard vt. 延迟；妨碍；使减速vi. 减慢；受到阻滞n. 延迟；阻止e.g.1) I make a solemn oath to myself that nothing will retard my new life’s growth.2) Third and perhaps most significant, large-scale U.S. and Western financial assistance will retard, not catalyze, fundamentally reform in the world’s second-biggest economy.21、Revoke vt. 撤回，取消；废除e.g. You can, therefore, easily grant, allow or revoke specific privileges for each user or group specified.22、Tailor vt. 裁剪，使合适可以代替fit, suite.g. These models are not complete RMPs. If used, you must tailor your RMP to your specific products, processes and premises.23、Telegraph vt. 电汇；流露出vi. 打电报n. [通信]电报机e.g.1) You must telegraph to your parents at once.2) He threw me a smile that telegraphed consent.24、Underpin vt. 巩固；支持；从下面支撑；加强…的基础e.g. This engagement w ill underpin our commitment to an international order based upon rights and responsibilities.25、Validate vt. 证实；确认；使生效e.g. All critical processes are validated to ensure consistency and compliance with specifications.名词篇1、Duplicate n. 副本；复制品vt. 复制；使加倍vi. 重复；复制adj. 复制的e.g. 1) All experiments were conducted in duplicate.2) If applications wish to match this behavior, they must utilize and duplicate the output of those applications.2、Likelihood n. 可能性；可能可以代替possibilitye.g. Other factors to consider when establishing the frequency include: the nature of the product, the likelihood of failing the limits, the cost of monitoring, the consequence of failure and expected corrective actions.3、Prevalence n. 盛行；广泛，普遍e.g. The prevalences of myopia vary across populations of different regions and ethnicities.Potency n. 效能；力量；潜力；权势e.g.1) Otherwise, the medicines might lose their potency over time due to the development of resistance.2) The extraordinary potency of these words transformed the nation.4、Realm n. 领域，范围；王国可以代替field等e.g. Now, HACCP has expanded in all realms of the food industry, going into meat, poultry, seafood, dairy, and has spread now from the farm to the fork.5、Vicinity n. 附近可以代替neighborhoode.g. There’s a factory in the vicinity of the school.形容词篇1、Available adj. 可得到的；有效的；可购买到的e.g. Explicit information on these three measures w ill rarely be available and criteria describing apportionment may include elements of three sources of information; expert opinion, exposure assessment and surveillance information.2、Axiomatic adj. 公理的；自明的e.g. Axiomatic approaches combined the expert’s individual probabilities or distributions either additively or multiplicatively.3、Controversial adj. 有争议的；有争论的e.g. The effect of gene-environment interaction on the aetiology of myopia is still controversial with inconsistent findings in different studies.4、Equivocal adj. 可疑的；模棱两可的e.g. There is one do-it-yourself trend, though, about which I can offer a less equivocal endorsement（认可，支持；签注（文件））: financial planning.5、Overwhelming adj. 势不可挡的，压倒性的’t even notice. But all of e.g. Some tests seem overwhelming, while others you donthem have eternal implications.6、Unambiguous adj. 不含糊的；明确的e.g. Instructions and procedures are written in clear and unambiguous language.副词篇1、Dramatically adv. 戏剧性地；显著地，剧烈地e.g. Thus, high ambient light levels can dramatically retard the development of form-deprivation myopia.2、Empirically adv. 凭经验地，以经验为主地e.g. He reviewed studies that attempted to empirically compare the performance of different mathematical aggregation methods and concluded that simple weighted or non-weighted averages performed as well as more sophisticated mathematical techniques for the combination of individual probability forecasts.3、Explicitly adv. 明确地；明白地e.g. However, certain hazards that require specific controls must be explicitly identified.4、Figuratively adv. 比喻地；象征性地e.g. Most winemakers acknowledge t hat wine is made in the vineyard, at least figuratively.5、Periodically adv. 定期地；周期性地；偶尔e.g. It seems likely that it will be necessary to repeat the ranking process periodically to include updated information and additional food/hazard combinations.6、Seldom adv. 很少；不常可以替换rarelye.g. Friends are lost by calling often or calling seldom.。