研究生英语重点考试句
全国硕士研究生招生考试英语试题完整版及参考答案
2015 年全国硕士研究生入学一致考试英语一试题Section 1 Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C]or [D] onANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Though not biologically related, friends are as related as fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is 1 astudy published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings ofthe NationalAcademy of Sciences, has 2 .The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted 3 1932 unique subjects which 4 pairs of unrelated friends andunrelated strangers. The same people were used in both 5 .While 1% may seem 6 , it is not so toa geneticist. AsJames Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego, says, Most people do not even 7 their fourthcousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who 8 our kin.The study 9 found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genesfor immunity. Whythis similarity in olfactory genes is difficult to explain, for now. 10 Perhaps, as the team suggests,it draws us tosimilar environments but there is more 11 it. There could be many mechanisms working in tandem that 12 us inchoosing genetically similar friends 13 than nal kinship of being friends with 14 !One of the remarkablefindings of the study was that the similar genes seem to be evolving 15 than other genes. Studying this couldhelp 16 why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years, with social environment beinga major 17The findings do not simply corroborate peoples 18 to befriend those of similar 19 backgrounds,say theresearchers. Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction,care was taken to 20that all subjects, friends and strangers were taken from the same population. The team also controlled the data tocheck ancestry of subjects.Section II Reading Comprehension1、What2、Concluded223、On4、Compared5、Samples6、Insignificant7、Know8、Resemble9、Also10、 Perhaps11、 To12、 Drive13、 Ratherthan14、 Benefits15、 Faster16、 understand17、 Contributory18、 Tendency19、 Ethnic20、 see23Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Markyour answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)原标题： 2015 年考研英语一真题答案（完好版）TEXT 1King Juan Carlos of Spain once insistedkings dont abdicate, they die in their sleep. But embarrassing scandalsand the popularity of the republicans left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and standdown. So, does the Spanish crisis suggest that monarchy is seeing its last days Does thatmean the writing is onthe wall for all European royals, with their magnificent uniforms and majestic lifestylesThe Spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy. When public opinion is particularlypolarized, as it was following the end of the France regime, monarchs can rise above mere polities and embodya spirit of national unity.It is this apparent transcendence of polities that explains monarchys continuing popularity as heads of state. Andso, the Middle East expected, Europe is the most monarch-infested region in the world, with 10 kingdoms (notcounting Vatican City and Andorra). But unlike their absolutist counterparts in the Gulf and Asia, most royalfamilies have survived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult search for a non-controversial butrespected public figure.Even so, kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside. Symbolic of national unity as they claim to be, theirvery history-and sometimes the way they behave today-embodies outdated and indefensible privileges andinequalities. At a time when Thomas Piketty and other economists are warming of rising inequality and theincreasing power of inherited wealth, it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should stillbe the symbolicheart of modern democratic states.The most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways. Princes and princesseshave day-jobs and ride bicycles, not horses (or helicopters). Even so, these are wealthyfamilies who party withthe international 1%, and media intrusiveness makes it increasingly difficult to maintain the right image.While Europes monarchies will no doubt be smart enough to survive for some time to come, itis the Britishroyals who have most to fear from the Spanish example.24It is only the Queen who has preserved the monarchys reputation with her rather ordinary (if well-heeled)granny style. The danger will come with Charles, who has both an expensive taste of lifestyleand a prettyhierarchical view of the world. He has failed to understand that monarchies have largelysurvived because theyprovide a service-as non-controversial and non-political heads of state. Charles ought to know that as Englishhistory shows, it is kings, not republicans, who are the monarchys worst enemies.21.According to the first two graphs, King Juan Carlos ofSpain [A]eased his relationship with his rivals.[B]used to enjoy high public support.[C]was unpopular among European royals.[D]ended his reign in embarrassment.22.Monarchs are kept as head of state in Europe mostly[A]to give voters more public figures to look up to.[B]to achieve a balance between tradition and reality.[C]owing to their undoubted and respectable status.[D]due to their everlasting political embodiment.23.Which of the following is shown to be odd, according to graph4 [A] The role of the nobility in modern democracies.[B] Aristocrats excessive reliance on inherited wealth.[C] The simple lifestyle of the aristocratic families.[D] The nobilitys adherence to their privileges.2524.The British royals have most to fear because Charles[A]takes a tough line on political issues.[B]fails to change his lifestyle as advised.[C]takes republicans as his potential allies.[D]fails to adapt himself to his future role.25.Which of the following is the best title of the text[A]Carlos, Glory and Disgrace Combined[B]Charles, Anxious to Succeed to the Throne[C]Charles, Slow to React to the Coming Threats[D]Carlos, a Lesson for All European Monarchs21.Dended his reign in embarrassment.22.C owing to the undoubted and respectable status23.A the role of the nobility in modern democracy24.B fails to change his lifestyle as advised.25.D Carlos, a lesson for all MonarchiesTEXT 2Just how much does the Constitution protect your digital data The Supreme Court will now consider whetherpolice can search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant if the phone is on or arounda person duringan arrest.26California has asked the justices to refrain from a sweeping ruling, particularly one thatupsets the oldassumptions that authorities may search through the possessions of suspects at the time of their arrest. It is hard,the state argues, for judges to assess the implications of new and rapidly changing technologies. The court would be recklessly modest if it followed Californias advice. Enough of the implications arediscernable, even obvious, so that the justice can and should provide updated guidelines to police, lawyers anddefendants.They should start by discarding Californias lame argument that exploring the contents of a smartphone- a vaststorehouse of digital information is similar to say, going through a suspects purse .The court has ruled thatpolice dont violate the Fourth Amendment when they go through the wallet or pocketbook, of an arresteewithout a warrant. But exploring ones smartphone is more like entering his or her home. A smartphone maycontain an arrestees reading history, financial history, medical history and comprehensive records of recentcorrespondence. The development of cloud computing. meanwhile, has made that exploration so much theeasier.But the justices should not swallow Californias argument whole. New, disruptive technology sometimesdemands novel applications of the Constitutions protections. Orin Kerr, a law professor, compares the explosionand accessibility of digital information in the 21st century with the establishment ofautomobile use as a digitalnecessity of life in the 20th: The justices had to specify novel rules for the new personaldomain of thepassenger car then; they must sort out how the Fourth Amendment applies to digital information now.26.The Supreme court, will work out whether, during an arrest, it is legitimateto [A] search for suspects mobile phones without a warrant.[B] check suspects phone contents without being authorized.[C] prevent suspects from deleting their phone contents.[D] prohibit suspects from using their mobile phones.27.The authors attitude toward Californias argument is one of[A]tolerance.27[B]indifference.[C]disapproval.[D]cautiousness.28.The author believes that exploring ones phone content is combleto [A] getting into ones residence.[B] handing ones historical records.[C] scanning ones correspondences.[D] going through ones wallet.29.In graph 5 and 6, the author shows his concern that[A] principles are hard to be clearly expressed.[B] the court is giving police less room for action. [C]phones are used to store sensitive information.[D] citizens privacy is not effective protected.30.Orin Kerrs comparison is quoted to indicate that(A)the Constitution should be implemented flexibly.(B)New technology requires reinterpretation of the Constitution.(C)Californias argument violates principles of the Constitution.(D)Principles of the Constitution should never be altered.2826.28.A getting into ones residence29. D citizens privacy is not effectively protected30.B new technology requires reinterpretation of theconstitution Text 3The journal Science is adding an extra source at Peer-review process, editor-in-chief Marcia McNott announcedtoday. The Follows similar efforts from other journals, after widespread concern that Mistakes in data analysisare contributing to the Published research findings.Readers must have confidence in the conclusions published in our journal,writes McNutt inan editorial.Working with the American Statistical Association, the Journal has appointed seven experts toa statistics boardof reviewing Manut will be flagged up for additional scrutiny by the Journals editors, or by its existing Board ofReviewing Editors or by outside peer The SBoRE panel will then find external statisticians to review theseAsked whether any particular papers had impelled the change, McNutt said,The creation of thestatisticsboardwas motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientificresearch and is part of Sciences overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.Giovanni Parmigiani ， a biostatistician at the Harvard School of Public Health, a mr of theSBoRE group, sayshe expects the board to play primarily on advisory role. He agreed to join because he foundthe foresight behindthe establishment of the SBoREto be novel, unique and likely to have a lasting impact. This impact will notonly be through the publications in Science itself, but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places thatmay want to model their approach after Science.John Ioannidis, a physician who studies research methodology, says that the policy is a most welcome stepforwardand long overdue,Most journals are weak in statistical review ， and this damages the quality of what theypublish. I think that, for the majority of scientific papers nowadays, statistical review is more essential thanexpert review,he says. But he noted that biomedical journals such as Annals of Internal Medicine, the Journal ofthe American Medical Association and The Lancet pay strong attention to statistical review.29Professional scientists are expected to know how to analyze data, but statistical errors are alarmingly commonin published research ，according to David Vaux，a cell biologist. Researchers should improve their standards, hewrote in 2012， but journals should also take a tougher line ， engaging reviewers who are statistically literate andeditors who can verify the process.Vaux says that Sciences idea to pass some papers to statisticians has somemerit ，but a weakness is that it relies on the board of reviewing editors to identifythe papers that need scrutinyinthe first place.31. It can be learned from graph I that[A]Science intends to simplify its peer-review process.[B]journals are strengthening their statistical checks.[C]few journals are blamed for mistakes in data analysis.[D]lack of data analysis is common in research projects.32.The phrase flagged up (.2)is the closest in meaning to[A]found.[B]revised.[C]marked[D]stored33.Giovanni Parmigiani believes that the establishment of the SBoRE may[A]pose a threat to all its peers[B]meet with strong opposition[C]increase Sciences circulation.[D]set an example for other journals3034.David Vaux holds that what Science is doing now35.Which of the following is the best title of the text A.Science Joins Push to Screen Statistics in Papers B.Professional Statisticians Deserve More Respect C.Data Analysis Finds Its Way onto Editors Desks D.Statisticians Are Coming Back with Science31.B journals are strengthening their statistical checks32.B marked33.D set an example for other journals34.C has room for further improvement35.A science joins Push to screen statistics in papersText4Two years ago. Rupert Murdochs daughter, spoke at the unsettling dearth of integrity acrossso many of ourcollapsed, she argued, because of a collective acceptance that the mechanismin society shouldbe profit and themarket we the people who create the society we want, not profit.31Driving her point home, she continuedIts increasingly absence of purpose， of a moral language with ingovernment, could become one of the most dangerous goals for capitalism and freedom. This same absence ofmoral purpose was wounding companies, such as International, she thought, making it more likely that it wouldfore had with widespread illegal telephone hacking.As the hacking trial concludes-finding guilty one ex-editor of the News of the World, Andy Coulson, forconspiring to hack phones, and finding the predecessor, Rebekah Brooks, innocent of the same charge-the widedearth of integrity still stands. Journalists are known to have hacked the phones of up to 5,500 people. This ishacking on an industrial scale, as was acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire, the man hired by the News of theWorld in 2001 to be the point person for phone hacking. Others await trial. This long story still unfolds.In many respects, the dearth of moral purpose frames not only the fact of such widespread phone hacking butthe terms on which the trial took place. One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knewof what went on in her newsroom, how little she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired how thestories arrived. The core of her successful defence was that she knew nothing.In todays world, it has become normal that well-paid executives should not be accountablefor what happens inthe organizations that they run. Perhaps we should not be so surprised. For a generation, the collective doctrinehas been that the sorting mechanism of society should be profit. The words that have matteredare efficiency,flexibility, shareholder value, business-friendly, wealth generation, sales, impact and, in newspapers, circulation.Words degraded to the margin have been justice, fairness, tolerance, proportionality andaccountability.The purpose of editing the News of the World was not to promote reader understanding, tobe fair in what waswritten or to betray any common humanity. It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulationand impact. MsBrooks may or may not have had suspicions about how her journalists got their stories, butshe asked noquestions, gave no instructions-nor received traceable, recorded answers.36.Accordign to the first two graphs, Elisabeth was upset by(A) the consequences of the current sorting mechanism.(B) companies financial loss due to immoral practices(C) governmental ineffectiveness on moral issues.(D) the wide misuse of integrity among institutions.3237.It can be inferred from graph 3 that(A)Glenn Mulcaire may deny phone hacking as a crime.(B)more journalists may be found guilty of phone hacking.(C)Andy Coulson should be held innocent of the charge.(D)phone hacking will be accepted on certain occasions.38. The author believes that Rebekah Brookss defence(A)revealed a cunning personality.(B)centered on trivial issues.(C)was hardly convincing.(D) was part of a conspiracy.39.The author holds that the current collective doctrine shows(A) generally distorted values.(B)unfair wealth distribution.(C)a marginalized lifestyle.(D)a rigid moral code.40 Which of the following is suggested in the last graph(A) The quality of writings is of primary importance.(B)Common humanity is central to news reporting.33(C)Moral awareness matters in editing a newspaper.(D)Journalists need stricter industrial regulations.36.A the consequences of the current sorting mechanism37.Bmore journalists may be found guilty of phone hacking38.C was hardly convincing39.A generally distorted values40.C moral awareness matters in editing a newspaperPart BIn the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose themost suitable onefrom the list A- G to fit into each of numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do notfit in any ofthe blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)How does your reading proceed Clearly you try to comprehend, in the sense of identifying meanings forindividual words and working out relationships between them, drawing on your implicit knowledge of Englishgrammar.(41) You begin to infer a context for the text, for instance, by making decisions aboutwhat kind ofspeech event is involved.Who is making the utterance, to whom, when and where.The ways of reading indicated here are without doubt kinds of comprehension. But they show comprehension toconsist not just of passive assimilation but of active engagement in inference and problem-solving. You inferinformation you feel the writer has invited you to grasp by presenting you with specificevidence and clues.(42)Conceived in this way, comprehension will not follow exactly the same track for each reader. What is inquestion is not the retrieval of an absolute, fixed or true meaning that can be read off andchecked for accuracy,or some timeless relation of the text to theworld.(43)Such background material inevitably reflects who we are. (44)34This doesnt, however, make interpretation merely relative or even pointless. Precisely because readers fromdifferent historical periods, places and social experiences produce different but overlapping readings of thesame words on the page-including for texts that engage with fundamental human concerns-debates about textscan play an important role in social discussion of beliefs and values.How we read a given text also depends to some extent on our particular interest in reading it.(45)Suchdimensions of reading suggest-as others introduced later in the book will also do-that we bringan implicit(oftenunacknowledged)agenda to any act of reading. It doesnt then necessarily follow that one kindof reading is fuller,more advanced or more worthwhile than another. Ideally, different minds of reading informeach other, and actas useful reference points for and counterbalances to one another. Together, they make up the readingcomponent of your overall literacy, or relationship to your surrounding textual environment.[A] Are we studying that text and trying to respond in a way that fulfills the requirement of a given courseReading it simply for pleasure Skimming it for information Ways of reading on a train or inbed are likely todiffer considerably from reading in a seminar room.[B]Factors such as the place and period in which we are reading, our gender, ethnicity, ageand social class willencourage us towards certain interpretations but at the same time obscure or even close off others.[C]If you are unfamiliar with words or idioms, you guess at their meaning, using clues presentedin the context.On the assumption that they will become relevant later, you make a mental note of discourse entities as well aspossible links between them.[D]In effect, you try to reconstruct the likely meanings or effects that any given sentence, imageor referencemight have had: These might be the ones the author intended.[E]You make further inferences, for instance, about how the text may be significant to you, orabout itsvalidity-inferences that form the basis of a personal response for which the author will inevitablybe far lessresponsible.[F]In plays, novels and narrative poems, characters speak as constructs created by the author,not necessarily asmouthpieces for the authors own thoughts.[G]Rather, we ascribe meanings to texts on the basis of interaction between what we might call textual andcontextual material:between kinds of organization or patterning we perceive in a texts formal structures(so35especially its language structures) and various kinds of background, social knowledge, beliefand attitude thatwe bring to the text.Part CRead the following text carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese.Your translationshould be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Within the span of a hundred years, in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, a tideof emigration-onethe great folk wanderings of history-swept from Europe to America. (46) This movement,driven by powerfuland diverse motivations, built a nation out of a wilderness and, by its nature, shaped the character and destiny ofan uncharted continent.(47)The United States is the product of two principal forces-the immigration of European peoples with theirvaried ideas,customs and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits.Of necessity, colonial America was a projection of Europe. Across the Atlantic came successive groups ofEnglishmen, Frenchmen, Germans, Scots, Irishmen, Dutchmen, Swedes, and many others who attempted totransplant their habits and traditions to the new world. (48) But the force of geographic conditions peculiar toAmerica, the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another, and the sheer difficultyof maintainingold-world ways in a raw, new continent caused significant changes. These changes were gradual and at firstscarcely visible. But the result was a new social pattern which, although it resembledEuropean society in manyways, had a character that was distinctly American.(49) The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States crossed theAtlantic more than a hundred years after the 15th-and-16th-century explorations of North America. In themeantime, thriving Spanish colonies had been established in Mexico, the West Indies, and South America.These travelers to North America came in small, unmercifully overcrowded craft. During their six-to twelve-week voyage, they survived on barely enough food allotted to them. Many of the shipsstorms, many passengers died of disease, and infants rarely survived the journey. Sometimes storms blew thevessels far off their course, and often calm brought unbearably long delay.To the anxious travelers the sight of the American shore brought almost inexpressible relief. Said one recorderof events, The air at twelve leagues distance smelt as sweet as a new-blown garden.Thecolonists first glimpseof the new land was a sight of dense woods.(50)The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a real36treasure-house which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia. Here was abundant fuel and lumber.Here was the raw material of houses and furniture, ships and potash, dyes and naval stores.46）在多种强盛的动机驱动下，此次运动在一片荒原上建起了一个国家，其自己塑造了一个未知大陆的性格和命运。
中国科学院教育局关于我院研究生试行统一英语教学大纲的通知
中国科学院教育局关于我院研究生试行统一英语教学大纲的通知文章属性•【制定机关】中国科学院•【公布日期】1990.09.07•【文号】[90]教字417号•【施行日期】1990.09.07•【效力等级】部门规范性文件•【时效性】现行有效•【主题分类】高等教育正文中国科学院教育局关于我院研究生试行统一英语教学大纲的通知（[90]教字417号）院属有关单位：为进一步提高我院硕士、博士研究生英语教学质量，使之能达到我院统一的水平，决定从1990年新入学的研究生开始，按《中国科学院攻读硕士学位研究生英语教学大纲》和《中国科学院攻读博士学位研究生英语教学大纲》的要求组织英语教学，现将有关事项通知如下：一、英语课是我院硕士生、博士生必修的学位课程。
课程学完后，均应分别达到我院统一教学大纲所规定的水平和要求。
二、为我院硕士生、博士生开设英语课程的各教学单位应按照我院统一的教学大纲组织教学，在规定的学时内能达到统一要求的前提下，教学方式和教材的选用由各单位自行决定。
三、无教学基地的单位和地区、可将研究生送到中国科技大学或中国科大研究生院(北京)代培(包括其它基础课程)。
在收取代培费方面，希望中国科大和中国科大研究生院对院内单位优惠照顾。
送院外高校代培的研究生，英语水平应达到我院教学大纲的要求。
四、我院研究生英语教学在实行统一教学大纲以后，将逐步建立研究生英语课程统一考试制度，具体办法将另行规定。
附件：一、中国科学院攻读硕士学位研究生英语教学大纲二、中国科学院攻读博士学位研究生英语教学大纲中国科学院教育局1990年9月7日附件一：中国科学院攻读硕士学位研究生英语教学大纲(试行)一、教学对象本大纲的教学对象是中国科学院系统攻读硕士学位的研究生(以下简称研究生)，这些研究生入学时一般都具有大学英语三、四级所要求的能力。
也就是说，他们的语音已基本定型；基本上掌握了语法知识和大约3000-4000英语单词；在读的方面有了初步的阅读速度，掌握了一般层次的阅读技能，对中等难度的文章的理解无重大困难；听的能力有较大差异，在写的方面缺少基本训练；在说的方面就总体来说基本上还不能表达思想。
合工大研究生英语考试重点
第五章：1.The serious part of my life ever since boyhood has been devoted to two different objects which for a long time remained separate and have only in recent years united into a single whole.自少年时代起，我一生的重要时光都致力于实现两个不同的目标。
这两个目标长久以来一直分开的，只是近几年才合为一体。
2. I was troubled by scepticism and unwillingly forced to the conclusion that most of what knowledge is open to reasonable doubt.我被怀疑论干扰着，不愿意被迫下这个结论，那就是过去被迫接受的东西都可以公开的，合理地质疑。
3. But I discovered that many mathematical demonstrations, which my teachers expected me to accept, were full of , and that, if certainty were indeed discoverable in mathematics, it would be in a new kind of mathematics, with more solid foundations than those that had但是我发现老师们期望我接受的许多数学论证都充满了谬误：假如确切性果真能发现于数学，它也是一种新型的数学，比迄今为止被认为是无懈可击的数学的原理更为牢固。
4. there was nothing more that I could do in the way of making mathematical knowledge .在使数学知识不容怀疑这个方面，我已尽了全力。
一些英语考证时间
法律硕士专业学位考试中旬初试一般为每年1月中旬左右，复试一般在5月上旬前结束中英合作金融管理/商务管理专业公共课与自学考试同时考，专业课考试时间在1月和7月自考统考作为四月、十月考试的补充，由省考办根据本省的具体情况决定MBA联考工商管理硕士，Master of Business Administration，缩写MBA，是源自美国的硕士学位。
硕士研究生入学考试二月考试表LSAT（美国法律硕士研究生入学考试）三月考试表TEF法语－－－TEF (Test d''Evaluation de Francais)法语水平测试,是据法国驻华大使馆规定必需参加的法语水平测试。
国际物流师－－－每年的3、6、9、12月第三个周日PETS 第二个周六周日PETS，Public English Test System，全国公共英语等级考试。
PETS是教育部考试中心设计并负责的全国性英语水平考试体系，分五个级别。
项目管理师职业资格认证考试速录师职业资格考试－－－职称英语4中旬全国计算机等级考试(NCRE)J.TEST 15日J.TEST是鉴定日语实际应用能力的考试,由东京日本语研究社所属的日本语检定协会在19 91年创办。
注册咨询工程师（投资）自考统考五月考试表营销师职业资格认证考试－－－人力资源师职业资格认证考试－－－物业管理师－－－全国秘书职业资格考试－－－5月和11月各考1次环境影响评价工程师监理工程师执业资格考试注册建筑师一级二级物流师职业资格认证考试－－－全国试点阶段，考试时间由劳动部通知全国会计专业技术资格考试调查分析师企业信息管理师计算机技术与软件专业技术资格（水平）考试土地登记代理人全国卫生专业技术资格考试二级、三级翻译专业资格考试棉花质量检验师5月27日至6月2日六月考试表英语四六级考试高考7、8、9日GRE 9日GRE是Graduate Record Examination的缩写，美国研究生入学考试资格考试。
考研英语(二)考试大纲
考研英语(二)考试大纲教育部考试中心在xx年8月26日公布了《xx年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)考试大纲》，与去年的考纲相比，今年的考纲未进展任何调整和变化。
现在基于最新大纲和历年真题命题规律，对xx年考研英语的考查要求和试卷构造进展全面分析。
从语言知识来看，与去年大纲相比，词汇局部仍然要求"考生应能较熟练地掌握5500个左右常用英语词汇以及相关常用词组。
考生应能根据详细语境、句子构造或上下文理解一些常用词的词义。
"常用"两字道出了英语(二)和英语(一)的考查区别。
万学·海文通过研究历年真题发现，英语(一)常常考查词汇表中偏难一点的词汇和用法，并且对词汇进展深度挖掘。
而英语(二)那么主要考查词汇表中偏"常见"一些的词汇和用法。
所以不同的考生学习重点是不一样的。
再者，提示广阔考生，在xx年考纲中新增的59个单词，在今年的新考纲中依然出现，这59个单词一定是复习xx考研英语的重点。
(1)名词、代词的数和格的构成及其用法;(2)动词时态、语态的构成及其用法;(3)形容词与副词的比拟级和最高级的构成及其用法;(4)常用连接词的词义及其用法;(5)非谓语动词(不定式、动名词、分词)的构成及其用法;(6)虚拟语气的构成及其用法;(7)各类从句(定语从句、主语从句、表语从句等)及强调句型的构造及其用法;(8)倒装句、插入语的构造及其用法。
这说明，与英语(一)相比，英语(二)对语法的考查范围相对较小，更加注重根底。
明确了大纲要求，同学们复习起来会更加有的放矢。
就语言技能而言，与去年大纲相比，xx年大纲没有任何变化，继续突出阅读和写作的重要性，关于阅读，英语(二)大纲明确了考查文章的题材、体裁和阅读能力要求;关于写作，英语(二)大纲要求"根据所给的提纲、情景或要求完成相应的短文写作"，考生需要到达的标准是"思想明确，切中题意，构造清晰，条理清楚，用词恰当，无明显语言错误"，这些属于最根本的写作要求。
研究生英语学位课统考知识要点精解
研究生英语学位课统考知识要点精解
标题：研究生英语学位课统考知识要点精解，正文与拓展:)
正文:
研究生英语学位课统考是研究生教育的重要组成部分，对于提高研究生英语水平具有重要意义。
为了帮助考生更好地备考，本文将从语法、阅读、写作和听力等方面详细介绍研究生英语学位课统考的知识要点。
一、语法
语法是英语学习的基础，研究生英语学位课统考也会考察语法知识。
考生需要掌握英语的基本语法规则，如名词、动词、形容词、副词等。
此外，考生还需要掌握英语的时态、语态、语序等高级语法知识。
二、阅读
阅读是研究生英语学位课统考的重要考察内容。
考生需要具备良好的阅读理解能力，能够准确地理解文章的意义，并能够从文章中获取信息。
在阅读中，考生需要注意词汇、句子结构和文章结构等方面。
三、写作
写作是研究生英语学位课统考中的重要考察内容。
考生需要能够熟练撰写英语论文、报告或其他应用文。
在写作中，考生需要具备良好的语言表达能力，能够准确地表达思想，并遵守格式规范。
四、听力
听力是研究生英语学位课统考中的重要考察内容。
考生需要具备
良好的听力能力，能够准确地理解英语语音、语调和语速。
在听力中，考生需要注意语音、语调、上下文等方面。
拓展:
除了上述内容外，研究生英语学位课统考还考察考生的口语表达能力和英语文化背景知识。
考生需要具备良好的口语表达能力，能够准确地表达自己的思想。
2024研究生英语考试题型
2024研究生英语考试题型
研究生英语考试通常包括完形填空、阅读理解、七选五、翻译和小作文、大作文等题型，以下是关于2024年研究生英语考试可能涉及的题型介绍：
1. 完形填空：一篇文章，其中有20个小题，每题分，要求考生根据文章内容填空。
2. 阅读理解：包括A、B、C三个小节。
A小节有4篇文章，共约1600词，有20个小题，每题2分；B小节有1篇文章，约词，有5个小题，每题2分；C小节有1篇文章，约400词，包含5处画线部分，约150词，每处
2分。
3. 七选五：给一篇文章，其中有5个空，给出7段或7句话，打乱顺序，
要求考生选出恰当的5个并按顺序填入文章中。
4. 翻译：包括英译中和中译英两个部分。
5. 小作文：要求考生写一篇约100词的应用文。
6. 大作文：要求考生写一篇约词的短文写作。
以上信息仅供参考，具体题型和分值分配可能会因考试时间和考试难度的不同而有所变化。
因此，建议考生在备考时参考官方发布的相关通知和资料。
2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题答案详解
2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）试题答案详解注意：英语试卷为花卷，以答案内容进行核对（完整版）万学海文教研中心英语教研室Section I Use of English1、【答案】[B] Besides【解析】此处考察上下文的逻辑关系。
上文改写俗语，大意为拥抱可以使医生远离我们，即不得病，为积极含义，空后大意为：_______使你感觉与别人亲近并_______，所以也是积极含义，并同为拥抱的好处，因此选择B选项besides除了……之外还有……，A选项unlike不同于与D选项despite尽管均为转接，故排除，C选项throughout贯穿语义不通顺，故答案为[B] Besides。
2、【答案】[C] connected【解析】此处考察近义词复现，该空前有and，说明所填词汇英语close（亲近的）形成同义复现关系，并且所选词汇应搭配介词同，因此答案为C选项connected有关联的。
A选项equal平等的，B选项restricted限制的，C选项inferior低劣的，虽然都可以搭配to，但不能和close同义复现，故答案为[C] connected。
3、【答案】[A] host【解析】此处考察词义辨析。
该从句含义为：拥抱可以给你的身心健康带来_____好处。
A host of为固定搭配，表示许多的，大量的，在此处语义和搭配均吻合，所以为正确答案。
View观点，视野，lesson教训，choice选择放在此处语义不通。
4、【答案】[C] avoid【解析】此处考察词义辨析。
该句含义为：温暖的拥抱在冬天可以帮助你______生病。
根据语义，不难确定此处需要“避免”“防止”的词，并且后面搭配动名词，故答案为C选项avoid避免。
Recall使回想，召集，forget忘记，keep (doing)一直做，均不吻合句义。
【解析】此处考察词义辨析。
该句含义为：在一项______四百多健康成年人的研究中，研究者观察到……Collecting收集，一般不接人做宾语；affecting影响，guiding引导，均不符合科学研究类文章语境。
2019年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语(一)真题答案
2019年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语（一）真题答案19考研今天已经落下帷幕，不管怎样都先为自己鼓个掌，接下来已经考完的同学也可以安心对答案了，超详细的英一答案无忧考网已备好，一起来看看吧2019年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语（一）试题解析Section ⅠUse of English1. C. Few2. C. run3. B. If4. D. literally5. A.back6. B. off7. D. unfamiliar8. C.way9. A. So10. D. eventually11. A. surprised12. B. option13. D. For example14. C. spot15. B. through16. D. breaks17. A. artificial18. D. Finally19. B. marks20. C. leadSection ⅡReading ComprehensionPart AText 121 A. enhance banks’sense of responsibility22 D. "short-termism" in economic activities23 B. adverse24 C. the approaches to promoting "long-termism"25 B. patience as a corporate virtueText 226 D. The influence of consumer culture.27 A. To help freshmen adapt to college learning28 A. A obtain more financial support29 C. to be identical with each other.30 B.analyzing the causes behind it.Text 331 C. involves some concerns raised by AI today32 D.is too limited for us to reproduce it33 B. is still beyond our capacity34 A. affirmation35 C. The Conscience of AI: Complex But InevitableText 436 C. make more online shopper pay sales tax37 D. were considered unfavorable by states38 D. harmed fair market competition39 B. Big- chain owners40 D. cites some cases related to it and analyses their implicationsPart B 本篇新题型属于排序题。
全国硕士研究生招生考试英语单词
全国硕士研究生招生考试英语单词The National Entrance Examination for Master's Degree in China, also known as the postgraduate entrance examination, is a crucial examination for those who wish to pursue a master's degree. The English vocabulary section of the examination plays a significant role in assessing the candidates' English language proficiency. In this article, we will explore some essential English words that frequently appear in the National Entrance Examination for Master's Degree.1. Comprehend。
The ability to comprehend is vital for success in the examination. Candidates should have a thorough understanding of the meaning and usage of various English words. It is essential to comprehend the nuances and context in which these words are used.2. Synonym。
In the examination, candidates may encounter questions that require them to find synonyms for given words. It is crucial to have a wide range of vocabulary and be able to identify words with similar meanings. Building a strong foundation of synonyms will help candidates tackle such questions effectively.3. Antonym。
英国四个主要考试局.
剑桥大学国际考试委员会（CIE）CIE(Cambridge International Examinations剑桥大学国际考试委员会)是世界上最主要的国际资质认证和考核机构之一。
根据国际教育与文化的需求，我们颁发的资格证书范围广泛，并力图使这些资质证书具有趣味性和实用性。
同时我们努力确保CIE(剑桥大学国际考试委员会)的资质证书得到世界上各大学、教育机构和企业的广泛认可。
CIE (剑桥大学国际考试委员会)是UCLES(剑桥大学考试委员会)的组成部分，该委员与剑桥大学一道享誉全球。
UCLES(剑桥大学考试委员会)还包括OCR(OCR考试部)和ESOL(剑桥大学英语考试部)。
OCR考试部在英国国内开展考试与评估工作;ESOL(剑桥大学英语考试部)为英语作为外国语的学生提供一系列的考试。
UCLES(剑桥大学考试委员会)在全球发展和推广资质认证已近150年，它很清楚对国际认可的资质认证的需求将持续增长。
CIE(剑桥大学国际考试委员会)于1998年正式成立，旨在提供高水准的资质认证服务，以满足了全世界企业和教育机构的需要。
考试内容向国际范围学生提供IGCSE、A-Level(AS及A2)、O-Level 等考试。
牛津、剑桥和RSA考试局（OCR）Oxford Cambridge and RSA Examinations，中文全称“牛津、剑桥和RSA考试局”，隶属剑桥大学“评估小组”。
每年约有300万人参加“OCR”组织的A-level课程考试。
目前不考虑在中国发展。
OCR的“单元报告”的三大特色课程作业报告（Coursework）课程作业是以解决现实生活中的一个具体问题为情境，要求学生完成的一项系统设计。
英国资格评估与认证联合会（AQA）AQA-英国资格评估与认证联合会(The Assessment and Qualifications Alliance)由英国联合考试局(The Associated Examining Board)和英国北方考试评估委员会( The Northern Examinations and Assessment Board)于2000年4月合并而成，目前为英国三大颁证机构之一，在全球享有盛誉。
全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)考试大纲(非英语专业)(2020年版)
I.考试性质英语(一)考试是为高等学校和科研院所招收硕士研究生而设置的具有选拔性质的全国统一入学考试科目，其目的是科学、公平、有效地测试考生对英语语言的运用能力，评价的标准是高等学校非英语专业本科毕业生所能达到的及格或及格以上水平，以保证被录取者具有一定的英语水平，并有利于各高等学校和科研院所在专业上择优选拔。
II.考查目标考生应掌握下列语言知识和技能：(一)语言知识1.语法知识考生应能熟练地运用基本的语法知识。
本大纲没有专门列出对语法知识的具体要求，其目的是鼓励考生用听、说、读、写的实践代替单纯的语法知识学习，以求考生在交际中能更准确、自如地运用语法知识。
2.词汇考生应能掌握5500左右的词汇以及相关附表中的内容(详见附录1、2)。
除掌握词汇的基本含义外，考生还应掌握词汇之间的词义关系，如同义词、近义词、反义词等;掌握词汇之间的搭配关系，如动词与介词、形容词与介词、形容词与名词等;掌握词汇生成的基本知识，如词源、词根、词缀等。
英语语言的演化是一个世界范围内的动态发展过程，它受到科技发展和社会进步的影响。
这意味着需要对本大纲词汇表不断进行研究和定期的修订。
此外，全国硕士研究生入学英语统一考试是为非英语专业考生设置的。
考虑到交际的需要，考生还应自行掌握与本人工作或专业相关的词汇，以及涉及个人好恶、生活习惯和宗教信仰等方面的词汇。
(二)语言技能1.阅读考生应能读懂选自各类书籍和报刊的不同类型的文字材料(生词量不超过所读材料总词汇量的3%)，还应能读懂与本人学习或工作有关的文献资料、技术说明和产品介绍等。
对所选材料，考生应能：1)理解主旨要义;2)理解文中的具体信息;3)理解文中的概念性含义;4)进行有关的判断、推理和引申;5)根据上下文推测生词的词义;6)理解文章的总体结构以及上下文之间的关系;7)理解作者的意图、观点或态度;8)区分论点和依据。
2.写作考生应能写不同类型的应用文，包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、报告等，以及一般描述性、叙述性、说明性或议论性的文章。
研究生考试英语怎么说
研究生考试英语怎么说The Graduate School Entrance Exam or Postgraduate Entrance Examination (PGEE) is a standardized test administered in many countries, including China, which determines the eligibility of candidates for admission to various postgraduate programs. It is an important and challenging exam that requires strong language skills, critical thinking abilities, and comprehensive knowledge in specific fields of study.To excel in the Graduate School Entrance Exam English section, candidates need to focus on several key areas. Firstly, it is important to build a solid foundation in English vocabulary, grammar, and sentence structure. This can be achieved through regular reading of English literature, newspapers, and academic journals, as well as practicing various exercises and quizzes.Secondly, candidates should focus on enhancing their reading comprehension skills. This is a crucial component of the exam, where candidates are required to read and understand complex academic texts. It is advisable to read a variety of materials, such as research papers, articles, and essays, from different disciplines to develop the ability to comprehend and analyze the content effectively.Thirdly, candidates need to develop their writing skills. The exam often includes an essay writing section, where candidates are expected to articulate their ideas clearly and coherently. It is important to practice structuring essays with a clear introduction, main points, and conclusion. Additionally, candidates should develop the ability to express their thoughts and arguments in alogical and persuasive manner.Furthermore, candidates should also focus on improving their listening and speaking skills as they may be tested in these areas. To enhance listening skills, candidates can listen to audio recordings of lectures, TED talks, or podcasts, and practice summarizing or answering questions based on the content. For speaking skills, candidates can engage in conversations with English speakers, participate in debate clubs, or create presentations on various topics.In addition to language skills, candidates should also dedicate time to familiarize themselves with the specific content and requirements of their desired field of study. This includes reviewing important theories, concepts, research methods, and recent developments in the field. Consulting relevant textbooks, attending seminars or workshops, and discussing with professors or professionals in the field can provide valuable insights and knowledge.Finally, it is crucial for candidates to practice and simulate exam conditions regularly. Taking mock exams can help candidates become familiar with the format, timing, and types of questions in the Graduate School Entrance Exam, as well as identify areas that need improvement.In conclusion, succeeding in the Graduate School Entrance Exam requires a combination of language skills, critical thinking abilities, and comprehensive knowledge in the desired field of study. To excel in the English section of the exam, candidates should focuson building a strong foundation in English, practicing reading comprehension and essay writing, improving listening and speaking skills, familiarizing themselves with the specific content of their field, and simulating exam conditions through mock exams. With dedication, perseverance, and effective study methods, candidates can increase their chances of achieving success in the Graduate School Entrance Exam.。
北京市硕士英语考试
北京市硕士英语考试是北京市教育考试院组织的一项
考试，主要是针对北京市内的硕士研究生招生考试中的英语科目进行命题和考试。
考试时间通常在每年的12月份，与
全国硕士研究生招生考试中的英语科目同时进行。
北京市硕士英语考试的考试内容主要包括阅读理解、翻译和写作等部分，考试难度与全国硕士研究生招生考试中的英语科目相当。
对于北京市内的硕士研究生招生考试，如果招生单位明确要求考生参加北京市硕士英语考试，那么考生必须参加该考试。
如果没有明确要求，考生可以根据自己的情况选择参加全国硕士研究生招生考试中的英语科目或者北京市硕士
英语考试。
需要注意的是，不同的招生单位对于北京市硕士英语考试的要求可能会有所不同，考生在报考时需要仔细查看招生单位的相关规定，以免错过考试或者不符合招生单位的要求。
全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题(含答案)
（三份试卷）全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）试题1Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding “yes!” 1 helping you feel close and 2 to people you care about, it turns out that hugs can bring a 3 of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you 4 getting sick this winter.In a recent study 5 over 400 health adults, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs 6 the participants’ susceptibility to developing the common cold after being 7 to the virus .People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come 8 with a cold, and the researchers 9 that the stress-reducing effects of hugging 10 about 32 percent of that beneficial effect. 11 among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe 12 .“Hugging protects people who are under stress from the13 risk for colds that’s usually14 with stress,” notes Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie. H ugging “is a marker of intimacy and helps15 the feeling that others are there to help 16 difficulty.”Some experts 17 the stress-reducing , health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin, often called “the bonding hormone”18 it promotes attachment in relationships, including that between mother and their newborn babies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain, and some of it is released into the bloodstream. But some of it 19 in the brain, where it 20 mood, behavior and physiology.拥抱可以使医生远离我们吗？答案也许是响亮的“是的”。
硕士研究生英语考试流程
硕士研究生英语考试流程如下：
考生需要提前在规定的时间内进行报名，填写个人信息和选择考试科目。
报名完成后，考生需要按照规定的时间和方式缴纳报考费用。
考试当天，考生根据考试时间提前到达考场，并按照考场要求存放个人物品和进行身份验证。
在考试开始时，考生需要先完成写作部分，要求在规定的时间内完成作文并提交。
写作完成后，考生将进行阅读理解部分的考试。
阅读理解部分包括多篇阅读文章和相关问题，考生需要在规定的时间内完成所有文章和问题的解答。
在完成阅读理解部分后，考生将进行新题型部分的考试。
新题型部分通常包括填空、改错等题型，考生需要根据文章内容和题目要求进行解答。
最后，考生将进行翻译部分的考试。
翻译部分包括英译中和中译英两种题型，考生需要在规定的时间内完成所有翻译任务。
考试结束后，考生需要等待考试成绩公布。
考试成绩通常会在考试结束后的一个月左右公布。
需要注意的是，具体的考试流程可能会因为考试科目的不同而有所差异。
2020年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题及答案
2020年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）试题及答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark[A],[B],[C],or[D]on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)Even if families don't sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of that nation s great traditions:the Sunday roast.1____a cold winter's day,few culinary pleasures can 2____it.Yet as we report now.The food police are determined our health. That this 3____should be rendered yet another quality pleasure 4___to damage our health.The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has 5 a public worming about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked 6____high temperatures.This means that people should 7____ crisping their roast potatoes,reject thin- crust pizzas and only_ 8____toast their bread.But where is the evidence to support such alarmist advice? 9 studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice,there is no 10____ evidence that it causes cancer in humans.Scientists say the compound is 11____to cause cancer but have no hard scientific proof 12____the precautionary principle it could be argued that it is13____to follow the FSA advice.14____,it was rumoured that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a 15____. Doubtless a piece of boiled beef can always be 16 up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables,without the Yorkshire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? 17____,the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods 18____,but reduce their lifetime intake.However its19____risks coming a cross as being pushy and overprotective.Constant health scares just 20____ with one listening.1.[A]In [B]Towards [C]On [D]Till2.[A] match [B]express [C]satisfy [D]influence :3.[A]patience [B]enjoyment [C]surprise [D]concern4.[A]intensified [B]privileged [C]compelled [D]guaranteed5.[A]isued [B]received [C]compelled [D] guaranteed6.[A]under [B]at [C]for [D]by7.[A]forget [B]regret [C]finish [D]avoid8.[A]partially [B]regular [C]easily [D]intally9.[A]Unless [B]Since [C]If [D] While10.[A]secondary [B]external [C]conclusive [D]negative11.[A]insufficient [B]bound [C]likely [D] slow12.[A]On the basis of [B]At the cost of [C]In addition to [D]In contrast to13.[A]interesting [B]advisable [C]urgent [D]fortunate14.[A]As usual [B]In particular [C]By definition [D]After all15.[A]resemblance [B]combination [C]connection [D]patterm16.[A]made [B]served [C]saved [D]used17.[A]To be fair [B]For instance [C]To be brief [D]In general18.[A]reluctantly [B]entirely [C]gradually [D]carefully19.[A]promise [B]experience [C]campaign [D]competition20.[A]follow up [B]pick up [C]open up [D]end up .完型填空答案解析：今年完形填空的难度较前两年略难，虽然话题不难理解，但不易把握上下文的线索。
研究生科技英语课件翻译(交大考试重点)详解
词类转译I. Noun converting to verbs:1.The shadow cast by an object is long or short according as the sun is high up in the heaven ornear the horizon.2.物体投影的长短取决于太阳是高挂天空还是靠近地平线。
3.High precision implies a high degree of exactness but with no implication as to accuracy.4.高精度意味着高度的精确度，但并不表明具有准确性。
5.They went on strike in demand of a 40 percent wage increase.6.他们举行罢工，要求工资增加40%。
7.He is an enemy to reform.8.他反对改革。
9.Difference between the social system of states shall not be an obstacle to their approach andcooperation.10.国与国社会制度的不同不应妨碍彼此的接近与合作。
teacher than I.11.. I am afraid I can’t teach you English. I think my daughter is a better12.恐怕我教不了你英语，我想我女儿比我教得好。
13.The operation of a computer needs some knowledge of English.14.操作电脑需要一些英语知识。
结构（2）短语结构翻译顺序：顺译与逆译A. 具有动态意义的名词（1）“… of …” 1. These depressing pumps ensure contamination-free transfer of abrasive fluids such as acids, dyes and alcohol.在输送酸、染料、醇等腐蚀性强的流体时，这类压缩泵能保证输送无污染2. It has also provided the bases for the traditional methodology of science: objective observation and description of some phenomena, the formulation of a hypothesis or hypotheses about the events observed and possible relationships among them, the use of these to predict future events, the verification of the hypotheses and, on this basis, the construction of a theory of some area of natural activity.3. What is needed in the case of noise is a study of large numbers of people living under noisy conditions.就噪音而论，所需要的是研究大批生活在噪音条件下的人数。
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1、Every company has a handful of staff in a given area of expertise that you can count on to get the job done. On my team of seven process engineers and biologists, I've got two or three whom I just couldn't live without,” he said.“每家公司都有少数几个这样的员工，在某个专业领域，你可以指望他们把活儿干好。
在我的小组中，有七名化工流程工程师和生物学家，其中有那么两三个人是我赖以生存的，”他说.2、“We hold them up to the standards we see in our top people. If it looks like they have these same traits, we'll place a bet on them.”“我们把他们和公司顶级员工表现出的特质进行对照。
假如他们看起来有同样特征的话，我们就在他们身上赌一把。
”3、You can make yourself more attractive to companies by working together with scientists from other laboratories and disciplines in pursuit of a common goal —and documenting the results on your resume.你可以藉此提高在公司的吸引力：为追求一个共同的目标和来自其他实验室和学科的科学家们合作——并且为你的个人履历上的内容提供事迹证明。
4、“A candidate needs to have demonstrated the ability to make decisions with imperfect or incomplete information. He or she must be able to embrace ambiguity and stickhis or he r neck out to drive to a conclusion,”“一名求职者需要表现出仅凭不准确、不完整的信息就做出决策的能力。
他或她必须能接纳不确定因素并冒着风险做出结论，”5、Further, great science is often defined by how one gets to the answer as much as by the answer itself, so scientists often fall in love with the process.更进一步说，伟大的科学常常是由找寻答案的过程和答案本身两者同时来定义的。
因此科学家们往往沉迷于过程。
6、The scientist who is transitioning into the business world must prioritize his or her relationshipassets above their technical assets.想转行到企业界的科学家们必须优先考虑他们的社会关系资源而不是技术资源。
1、As one of the earliest ports open to foreign trade, the province has developed a culinary culture with its own characteristics that has exerted a far-reaching influence on other parts of China as well as throughout the world where it is the most commonly available Chinese cuisine.它还是最早对外开放的通商口岸之一。
广东的餐饮文化独具特色，对中国其他地方乃至全世界产生了深远的影响。
2、Often the young and old still sit in order of seniority, and the elders select food for the young while the young make toasts to the elders.吃饭时，年长的和年少的按照年龄大小依次坐好，席间，长辈为晚辈夹菜，晚辈给长辈敬酒。
3、At a party or a banquet, everyone first takes into consideration the needs of the group; with the eating process also being a time to show humility and concern for others.无论在聚会还是在宴席上，人们首先考虑大家的需求，把吃饭当成是谦卑有礼和关怀他人的场合。
1、With 35 million copies in print, in 35 languages, the first three Harry Potter books have earned a conservatively estimated $480 million in three years.《哈利波特》系列丛书的前三册被翻译成了35种语言，已出版3,500万册，据保守估计，这三册书在三年时间里已经赚了四亿八千万美金。
2、With a first printing of 5.3 million copies and advance orders topping 1.8 million, Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, the fourth installment of the series,《哈里波特》系列丛书的第四册《哈利波特与火焰杯》初版530万册，加上高达180万册的订单。
3、Amazingly, Rowling keeps her several plotlines clear of each other until the end,when she deftly brings everything together in a cataclysmic conclusion.让人称奇的是，罗琳让每一册书的情节相互独立，但最后，她却能够巧妙地把它们衔接起来，形成一个意想不到的结局。
4、the only sour note in all the songs of joy over this phenomenon has come from some parents and conservative religious leaders who say Rowling advocates witchcraft.在对“哈利波特”现象的一路欢歌中，出现的唯一一个不和谐音符来自干一些父母和保守的宗教领袖。
他们认为罗琳在宣扬巫术。
5、They share so many elements with so many children's classics that sometimes it seems as though Rowling had assembled her novels from a kit.它们与众多儿童经典作品有太多相似之处，所以有时候会给读者一种感觉，仿佛罗琳组装编织了这些故事。
6、“You do not chop off a section of your imaginative substance and make a book specifically for children, for —if you are honest —you have, in fact, no idea where childhood ends and maturity begins.她写到，“你不能把你想象的东西砍掉一部分然后写成一本专给孩子看的书，坦白地说，因为事实上你根本无从知道童年究竟是什么时候结束，而成人期又是什么时候开始的。
7、It is all endless and all one.” There is plenty for children and adults to enjoy in Rowling's books, starting with their language. Her prose may be unadorned, but her way with naming people and things reveals a quirky and original talent.它们相互连接、浑然一体。
”在罗琳的书中，从语言开始，就有足够多的让大人和孩子都喜欢的东西。
也许她文风朴实，但是她给人和物取名的方式显示了独特的原创才能。
8、The best writers remember what it is like to be a child with astonishing intensity. Time and again, Rowling articulates just how defenseless even the bravest children often feel.优秀作家关注孩子特点的能力达到惊人的程度。
罗琳不只一次地清楚表达出，即便是最勇敢的孩子也经常会表现得那么无助。
9、That quibble aside, Rowling's novels are probably the best books children have ever encountered that haven't been thrust upon them by an adult.除了这些吹毛求疵的意见，罗琳的书可能是孩子们所接触到的最好的书，而且阅读这些书也不是家长强加的任务。
1、Babies and children deprived of love have been known to develop a wide variety of problems-for example, depression, headaches, physiological impairments, and neurotic and psychosomatic difficulties— that sometimes last a lifetime.众所周知，缺乏爱的婴幼儿会产生各种各样的问题，如抑郁症、头痛、生理残疾、神经质或身心疾病，这些病有时会伴随他们一生。