关于友情 中西方友情观 friendship 刮痧
中西方友谊的不同 英语作文
中西方友谊的不同英语作文Friendship, a bond that transcends cultural and geographical boundaries, is a fundamental aspect of human life. However, the understanding and expression of friendship vary significantly across different cultures, particularly between the Eastern and Western worlds. This essay delves into the distinct characteristics offriendship in China and the West, highlighting the differences and similarities in the context of their respective cultural backgrounds.In the Western world, friendship is often characterized by a strong emphasis on individuality and autonomy. Western friends value honesty, directness, and openness in their relationships. They encourage each other to pursue personal growth and success, often through mutual support and criticism. Western friendships tend to be more formal and structured, with clear boundaries and expectations. People in Western cultures tend to have a smaller circle of close friends, but these friendships are typically deeper and more intense.On the other hand, Eastern friendship, particularly in China, is marked by a stronger emphasis on collectivism and harmony. Chinese friends value loyalty, trust, and mutual respect above all else. They are inclined to support and help each other in times of need, often without expecting anything in return. Chinese friendships tend to be more informal and flexible, with less emphasis on structure and formalities. People in Chinese culture typically have a larger network of friends, with varying degrees of closeness and intimacy.Despite these differences, there are also commonalities in the understanding of friendship across cultures. Both Chinese and Westerners value the importance of trust, loyalty, and support in friendships. They also share the belief that friends should be there for each other in both happy and difficult times. Additionally, both cultures emphasize the importance of maintaining positive and healthy relationships, avoiding conflict and resolving differences through communication and understanding.In conclusion, while there are significant differences in the understanding and expression of friendship betweenChina and the West, there are also many similarities. These differences can be attributed to the distinct cultural backgrounds and values of each region, which shape the way people interact and form relationships. It is important to recognize and appreciate these differences whilemaintaining an open and inclusive approach towards friendships across cultures.**中西友谊之异同**友谊，这一超越文化和地理界限的情感纽带，是人类生活中不可或缺的一部分。
中国和西方对待友谊不同的态度英语作文
中国和西方对待友谊不同的态度英语作文 Friendship, a bond that transcends cultural and geographical boundaries, often takes on different shapes and meanings in various contexts. The contrast between Eastern and Western perspectives on friendship is particularly noteworthy, with China and the West exhibiting distinct approaches to this cherished relationship.In China, friendship is often viewed as a lifelong commitment, rooted in a deep understanding and mutual respect. The Confucian ideal of "ren," which encompasses benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom, and trustworthiness, serves as a guiding principle for interpersonal relationships, including friendships. Chinese friends are expected to exhibit loyalty, sincerity, and mutual support, with a strong emphasis on collective harmony and group interests. This is reflected in the saying "you are not alone in the world if you have friends," which underscores the importance of friends as a support system in times of need.Western culture, on the other hand, tends to approach friendship from a more individualistic perspective. Westernfriends value authenticity, honesty, and shared interests, often seeking companionship in activities and pursuits that align with their individual goals and aspirations. While loyalty and support are still important, Westernfriendships often have a more transactional nature, with friends expected to maintain their independence and autonomy while engaging with each other. This is reflected in the saying "a friend is someone who knows all about you and still likes you," which emphasizes the importance of mutual acceptance and approval.The differences in friendship practices between China and the West can be traced to their respective historical, cultural, and social contexts. Chinese society, with its strong collectivistic倾向, tends to prioritize group harmony and social stability over individual needs and desires. This is reflected in friendships, whereindividuals are expected to subordinate their own interests to the collective good. By contrast, Western society, with its strong individualistic倾向,鼓励个人追求自己的梦想和目标, which often leads to friendships that are more focused on shared interests and personal growth.Despite these differences, however, there are also commonalities in the way Chinese and Westerners approach friendship. Both cultures value honesty, trust, and support, and both recognize the importance of maintaining healthy boundaries in friendships. Moreover, as globalization and cross-cultural communication become increasingly prevalent, people from different cultures are learning to appreciate and embrace the unique qualities of friendships found in other parts of the world.In conclusion, while there are significant differencesin the way China and the West approach friendship, these differences are rooted in their respective cultural and historical contexts. By understanding and respecting these differences, people from different cultures can learn to cultivate meaningful and enriching friendships that transcend cultural boundaries.**中西友谊观念之差异**友谊，这种跨越文化和地理界限的情感纽带，在不同的语境中常常呈现出不同的形态和意义。
中美文化中友谊观的对比
科技信息中西方文化中都很重视友谊。
相应地，在一些名言或谚语中，对友谊都有所表达。
尽管汉语中的“朋友”、“友谊”对应英语中的“friend”、“friendship”，但是在中国文化和美国文化中，朋友、友谊的内涵和对朋友、友谊的理解大不相同。
在中国文化中，朋友指志同道合的人，后来泛指交谊深厚的人，友谊是朋友间深厚的感情、亲密的关系。
而美国的friend，是指有共同感受或喜好、能在一起愉快地交流的人，可以用来指非常广泛的人际关系，friendship 在很大程度上是一种伙伴关系。
由于社会文化背景、思维方式等方面的差异，中西方对朋友和友谊的认识和表达方式有很多差别。
如果在跨文化交际中不重视或无视这种差异，将二者等同理解，就有可能带来交际的困难，造成交际双方的误解。
因此本文将从三个方面对比分析中西方朋友和友谊的内涵差异。
一、范围不同金庸曾谈到中国人把好朋友视作兄弟，通过义结金兰这种方式和异姓朋友结拜为兄弟，并立誓：“虽非同年同月同日生，但愿同年同月同日死。
”金庸说：“西方社会中，只有热烈相爱的恋人，才会立誓同死。
但在中国这个重义气的社会，友情比爱情更受重视。
”这也说明在中国文化里，“朋友”是指可以互相信任，互相倾诉，感情很深的关系。
与中方来比，西方中朋友概念的范围更广泛。
对西方人来说，“朋友”可以用来指童年的玩伴、在新地方刚认识几天的人、关系密切的商务伙伴、一个深受信赖的知己等。
友谊可以是肤浅的、暂时的也可以是深厚的、长久的。
这也由于美国人一贯开放自由的态度，能够轻松、随时随地交上朋友。
雷尼尔（AlisonLanier）在其撰写的《生活在美国》（Liv-ingintheUSA,1981）一书中指出：美国是一个流动性很强的国家。
美国人很容易结交到朋友，但是，一旦环境改变，友情也会变化。
另外，在中国，朋友贯通各个方面，朋友之间无所不谈，生活上、工作上都互相帮助。
而在美国，朋友只局限于一个领域，不会延伸至其他领域。
On the Differences between Chinese and American in Friendship 电影《刮痧》
On the Differences between Chinese and American in Friendship Abstract:Friendship is one of the most beautiful things in the world and every one of us should cherish it. While, in contemporary society, with the fast development of science and technology and the trend of globalization, intercultural contact is becoming more and more frequent. Therefore, more and more people have the chance to go abroad and live in a country they are not familiar with. However, the values and behaviors of a particular culture may not be understandable or acceptable in another culture. So, communication among people from different cultures will become more complex and the relationship, especially friendship may not be well handled.The treatment just vividly presents the cultural differences between Chinese and Americans. An immigrant Chinese, Mr. Xu Datong, faced a conflict with his friend. Mr. Xu didn’t understand why it happened and thought him was not a good friend as him betray him. And this essay is going to comment on the differences between Chinese and Americans on friendship. Also it will help us to find some ways to deal with such issues.Keywords: Friendship; Chinese; Westerns; differences; reason1 IntroductionPeople are social animals and can not be divorced from social groups. Keeping in the community with people has become an important part of life in this big group. With the development of economic globalization, China has been increasingly frequent communicating with Western countries; especially with the United States that is to reach a new stage. With growing number of Chinese in America, and the 2008 Olympic Games held in China which made relations between Chinese and American a priority. In this situation, the friendship between our two peoples with different customs of different cultures has also been tested. What’s the difference in friendship between Chinese and American?After years of hard work, Xu Datong, a Chinese immigrant to the US succeed tobe an outstanding video game designer and felt that he had become a true American. While after his father come to the US, everything changed. Father used a traditional Chinese medical technique, called Guasha Treatment, to treat his son, Dennis. Unexpectedly, an American doctor thinks the bruises on Dennis` back left by the treatment are signs of child abuse, and the finger is pointed at Xu and led him to a trail. Virtually, Guasha is a treatment in traditional oriental medicine, and we cannot imagine that a small difference in culture may cause such a great trouble.Sadly, in US, this is a story that repeats itself many times in the area where many oriental immigrants live and all of these are due to simple misunderstanding between cultures. Like Confucius once said, “Human beings draw close to one another by thei r common nature, but habits and customs keep them apart”. It is still true in the modern world. So, we should know more about the cultural differences between Chinese and Americans, especially about friendship.2 Different views of friendship2.1 A worldwide view of friendshipFriendship means differently all over the world. In some cultures friendship means a strong life-long bond between two people. In these cultures friendships develop slowly, since they are built to last. But in other cultures friendship develop quickly and they may change just as quickly.For the French, friendship is a one-to-one relationship that demands a keen awareness of the other person’s intellect, temperament and particular interests. In Germany, friendship is much more articulately a matter of feeling. And English friendship follows still a different pattern through shared activities. For Chinese a true friendship endures throughout life change. Chinese people will consider someone a friend even if they haven’t spoken for 20 yea rs. If you shared something at one time, then all your life you are friends.Then, what is a friendship? Looking at all these different styles, including our own, each of which is related to a whole way of life, are these common elements? There is a common recognition that friendship, in contract with kinship, invokesfreedom of choice. A friend is someone who chooses and is chosen. Friendship is a relationship between friends, a friendly feeling or attitude. Friends care for one another and look out for each other. For a deep understanding to occur between friends, they must open up about personal things, listen carefully, and be loyal to one another. Friendships and associations are often thought of as spanning across the same continuum and are sometimes viewed as weaknesses. What’s more, friendship is a kind of treasure in our lives. It is actually like a bottle of wine, the longer it is kept, and the sweeter it will be. It is also like a cup of tea. When we are thirsty, it will be our best choice, but when we have enough time to enjoy ourselves, it is also the most fragrant drink.2.2 friendships in the eyes of ChineseAlthough Chinese are more gentle humility, in their heart for the definition of friend and friendship is quite clear. It is a very serious for friends and friendship. Chinese people own the friendship with like-minded friends who share the similar interests, similar personalities, otherwise they can not be real friends and they can only be regarded as ordinary.Friendship in China means someone offers help without waiting to be asked. There are few limits to what you can expect from a friend. You can feel free to tell your friend what he or she can or should do or help or please you. Chinese friends give each other more concrete help. A Chinese will use personal connections to help a friend get something hard to obtain. They give each other money and might help each other out financially over a long time.2.3 friendships in the eyes of AmericanAmericans are quite different from the Chinese. In the American dictionary, the definition of friends is very widely. In the OXFORD, friends are: 1.person you like 2. supporter 3. not enemy 4.silly or annoying person. The people to meet by chance like patches of drifting duckweed can be friends. Thus, for the friendship, the Americans more open to more casual compared with Chinese.In the West, you can certainly ask a friend to do something with you, but you recognize that your friend may say no, if he or she gives you as reason. You would notexpect a friend to drop everything to respond to a non-urgent need such as shopping. Nor would you expect a friend to recognize and respond to your wishes without stating them3 Differences on making friends and maintaining friendship3.1 The way of Chinese to be friends and maintain friendshipsChinese people treat a friend always not at the first time they come across. Time is often the best way to test friendship and friends. For the Chinese, to touch each other for a long period of time, the communicate to a certain depth, to find out each other's habits and temper and eventually finding out that they share the similar interests and the common experience of "suffering", then they will make the recognition of each other as a friend in the heart, and will value this friendship.Once friendship established, it will be the lifelong, and not easily changed. As the Chinese interdependent self-organization in the social environment played a leading role, once established friendship, friends should take care of and keep in touch with each other. Because of this interdependent, there formed a very special friendship between the Chinese-style communications. Friendship between the Chinese people to maintain requires constant interaction, and this interaction is to keep the sect, engaged in small talk, chat and even in a few hours. And for Chinese people, chatting between friends does not need an appointment. Because it is "can not helping", and so long as friends, anytime, anywhere is the first welcome. But these are often very difficult to understand the habits and that way to Americans. Because of the different definitions of friendship and friends, there is a different way to treat a friend. For the friends, what the Chinese people want is the ability to provide timely help, and the friends who are able to go through anything. So the Chinese people for friends and friendship to the relatively high expected return value.3.2 The way of Americans to be friends and maintain friendshipAmericans are known for being very friendly, however, it is often the case that Americans are quick to form friendships, but the friendships do not necessarily last. Americans also use the term “friend” very freely. They refer to someone they haveknown for a few weeks as a friend, perhaps because there is not a term for someone who is more than an acquaintance but less than a friend. For friends and friendship, the Chinese people want stability and American is seeking cross-development. Americans are more casual friends. Often at the first meeting they can be friends. So the Americans’ friendship is coming quickly but also is disappearing quickly.It is also common for Americans to turn to outsiders such as therapists for help in situations where people from other cultures would turn to friends. Americans are known for valuing independence. Americans are also very self driven and hard working. As a result of these characteristics, some Americans have a tendency to become so wrapped up in their work that they either forget about their friends or have no time to spend with them. Perhaps our pride driven nation is one reason for the decline in friendship in the U.SAnd as to Americans, but for the substantial help of friends not many so the expected return for the value of friendship is relatively low. Chinese people will help each other, and help each other in the economy, even if it is needed to do to help a friend out of a long mission environment. Americans have little practical help to friends, so for them the situation to rely on each other, is beyond imagination. And like other Westerners, Americans believe that friends are "in the emotionally support each other," "spend time" people. Americans have little support in terms of money and help friends, even family, between parents and children need help once the money is needed, they may make the IOU. But in China, it is only right and proper thing for parents to give their children financial help.4 Reasons for the difference4.1 Different values towards friendshipThe Chinese people believe that true friendship should stand up the test, regardless of what changes occurred in life. And Chinese people prefer to communicate with old friends, for strangers and a new friendship they tend to think twice before making carefully considered action. The process of establishing friendship between the Chinese people is on the contrary. Psychology is the first lineof defense is very high, so when they are often more cautious when meeting strangers. However, many contacts with each other and to trust, the Chinese people will confide to each other, the inner line of defense at this time gradually decreased. The Chinese seem to show much concern for their friends so as always interfere other’s privacy. And it even sometimes interferes with other’s decisions. Besid es, the Chinese care too much about their face. If a friend asks to borrow some money, he is probably thinking that he has no choice but to lend even if he does not mean to it.While unlike Chinese people, Americans are more independent from their friends. They value friendship but they value independence, equality and competition more. Besides, they are more practical in making friends. For that reason, Americans will not do something just for their friends’ good. As a result, Chinese people may regard their American friends as selfish and insincere. As the individual in society and a leading role in the independent self-organization, Americans tend to be more independent, stress free, and change very much. Americans put change as a part of life; Americans think it is quite important for progress and change. ” So for Americans, meeting new friends, meeting strangers, getting new friendship are well worth doing. However, although the style of American exchanges is easy-going, this does not mean that you can effortlessly build friendships with them. Americans are beginning to establish friendly relations with strangers; the inner line of defense is very low. But when the initial development of such friendly relations is established, the inner wall will continue to rise. Americans think a lot of the "privacy" and "independence.”Generally，in the aspect of friendship，Americans tend to care about their friends as well as leave room for them. If you want help, he is absolutely willing to help you but at the same time he maintains some distance so that it will not interfere with your inner thought and decisions, let alone to inquire about your privacy. However, if you want to borrow some money from your friends, it is probably impossible. And he will recommend you to borrow it from bank. The Americans have been characterized by being straightforward.And we can clearly find that the Chinese and American people differ greatly in their values of friendship in the movie Treatment. It is necessary to mention the valuesof friendship. Chinese value of friendship is evidently seen in the movie. When Denis is sent under the supervision of Child Welfare Agency, the Chinese couple does not look for a qualified lawyer in family law but depends on Mr. XU’ boss to defend them in the courtroom instead. Mr. XU emphasizes that his boss should help him out as his good friend. When things do not work out smoothly and his boss has to give some testimony against him in the courtroom, Mr. Xu gets angry with him and says, “I consider you as my friend, but you sold me out. How can you expect me to work with you again?” Well, Chinese people can feel the anger of Mr. Xu towards his boss, since there is a saying in China, “At home one relies on one’s parents and outside on one’s friends.” They are convinced that friends should be loyal and helpful whenever they need them.The different views of friendship make them feel confused. So the friendship between Mr. Xu Datong and his boss is worth pondering. In the boss’s mind, the truth is more important than friendship because Americans pursuit truth. But as a Chinese, Mr. Xu considers friendship more precious than truth, they should help each other when someone is in trouble. So, in court the boss told the judge that Xu did beat his son Dennis, which made Xu thought him was not a true friend. However, in the latter part of the film, he experienced Guasha treatment personally in the Chinatown and learned that the treat wasn’t harmful to people instead it was beneficial to people. In addition, the officer Margaret and the judge are active to make up for their mistake and cancel the charge against Datong. The two person experienced a great shock due to the cultural differences on friendship between china and the united states, the finally knows more about it .And we should learn through this experience to ensure a more mature friendship in making friends with people from other countries.Also, as to show respect to friends, Datong punished his own son physically in front of friends. But this was misinterpreted as violence by his foreign friends. This isa misunderstanding in culture between East and West.4.2 Different cultural backgroundsThere are both cultural similarities and differences in the definition of friendship among different societies. We have little knowledge of the meaning of friendship innon-Western industrialized societies. It seems that only in modern Western societies is close friendship a personal relationship mostly free from societal influence. Differences between the view of collectivism in the center of Chinese society and the individual-centered society of American society may be a great reason. Also, China has been receiving impact of Confucianism for thousands years. Confucianism is known as paying regard to human relationship and ethic. Piety, courtesy and loyalist are most important ethic. But in Western culture which is more emphasis on individualism, independence and equality. So conflicts which have shown in the story influencing by the cultural background is unavoidable.4.3 In terms of societyAmerican society is one of rapid change. Studies show that one out of five American families moves every year. American friendships develop quickly, and they may change just as quickly. People from the United States may at first seem friendly. Americans often chat easily with strangers. But American friendliness is not always an offer of true friendship.It’s quite natural for Americans to move their home to different places. Very few people live in just one place for a life long time. That is why the Americans are always ready to make new friends. They often drop a visit to their new neighbors. And friendship will be established during chatting, taking an interested sports and small family parties.While the Chinese is more stable ,so they can maintain a long, steady friendship with their friends.5 Possible solutionsThis movie may be a sad story in some extent, because the so-called friends go through an incident testing their friendships. They used their own views to judge what their friend did without considering the cultural differences .Then, how to avoid the tragedy of the story? We must learn more about friendship indifferent places, and only with respect to different cultures, can it be possible to avoid the cultural conflicts.Generally speaking , there are differences among the definition of friendship, thetreatment of friendship, the progress and maintenance of friendship, the expected return on the value of friendship between Chinese and American. These differences have led to further exchanges between the two countries and exchange of people, or even a problem which has been affected by these factors. Therefore, the people of China and the United States and other countries in order to better to make friends, promote cultural exchanges, we must understand each other different cultural practices and social habits. This makes cross-cultural exchange between China and the U.S. for further success, and can make more friends from different countries.Learning how Americans view friendship can help non-Americans avoid misunderstandings and it can also help us make friends with them and establish a long, good relationship.6 ConclusionsPeople in different countries develop and maintain their unique relationships and cultures. Thus, cultural clashes are bound to exist among people from different cultures in cross-cultural communication, as are shown in the movie. However, people can gracefully bridge the cultural gap through interaction, observation and imitation, which is also presented in this movie that finally the boss realized that Gusha is not harmful to human beings.Differences on friendship between the two countries contain the outlooks, value and modes of thinking. It also analyzes how these differences affect the behavioral patterns of people with different cultural background and bring about obstacles to cross-cultural communication. What’s more, it proposes some suggestions to overcome the obstacles. As globalization is quickening its pace, cross-cultural communication has become part of our daily life. Cultural shock and misunderstanding between people with different cultural background frequently happen. People’s value and attitudes can affect people’s pattern of behavior. A deeper understanding and consciousness of the differences may promote a more effective communication between different cultural backgrounds.So, we should learn more about different cultures and build good relationshipswith people, not only people with the same nationality, but also people in other countries.Reference:[1] Andrea Kleinsmit.Cross-cultural differences in recognizing affect from language[J]. 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中美友谊观英语作文高中
中美友谊观英语作文高中As a famous Chinese saying goes, "A bosom friend afar brings a distant land near." This saying perfectly describes the importance of friendship between China and the United States. The relationship between these two countries has been a topic of discussion for many years, but it is clear that the friendship between them is crucial for global peace and prosperity.The history of Sino-American relations dates back to the late 18th century when American merchants began trading with China. Since then, the two countries have had a complex relationship, marked by both cooperation and conflict. However, in recent years, the relationship between China and the United States has become increasingly important as both countries have become major global players.The friendship between China and the United States is based on mutual respect, cooperation, and understanding.Both countries have a long history and rich culture, and they share many common interests. For example, both China and the United States are committed to promoting economic growth, combating climate change, and maintaining global security.Moreover, the friendship between China and the United States is crucial for global peace and prosperity. As two of the world's largest economies, China and the United States have a significant impact on the global economy. They also play important roles in promoting global peace and stability. For example, China and the United States have worked together to address global challenges such as terrorism, nuclear proliferation, and climate change.In addition, the friendship between China and the United States is important for promoting cultural exchange and understanding. Both countries have rich cultural traditions, and they can learn a lot from each other. By promoting cultural exchange and understanding, China and the United States can build bridges between their peoples and promote mutual respect and understanding.However, the friendship between China and the United States is not without its challenges. There are still many issues that need to be addressed, such as trade imbalances, intellectual property rights, and human rights. Theseissues require open and honest dialogue between the two countries, and a commitment to finding solutions thatbenefit both sides.In conclusion, the friendship between China and the United States is crucial for global peace and prosperity.It is based on mutual respect, cooperation, and understanding, and it has the potential to promote economic growth, combat climate change, and maintain global security. However, there are still many challenges that need to be addressed, and both countries must work together to find solutions that benefit both sides.。
电影《刮痧》中的中西文化差异
电影中一连串的误会和巧合造成了人物命运的 曲折，根源就是东西方文化的差异。
In this movie ,Chinese and Western cultural differences mainly in the family concept, friendship concept, human rights concept ,morality and so on.
许大同不但没有因为这件事责怪父亲，反而和妻子一起隐瞒 他。他在法官面前谎称是自己为孩子刮的痧,而不是 父亲。 他的美国朋友对此很不理解。他的妻子简宁解释说：因为他 是中国人。
Friendship concept
友情观
Quinlan，Datong’s American friend testify [ˈtestɪfaɪ] Datong hitting the children. Datong very angry and quit his job. But Quinlan think he just tell the truth, so he is right.
In the movie a succession of misunderstanding and the coincidence have created character destiny [ˈdestini] winding, the root are the East and West culture differences.
避免不同文化冲突的关键，就是互相了解和包容。 在电影中，昆兰来到中国并体验了什么是刮痧。他 证明了刮痧是中国的一种治病方法。最终，一场由 文化障碍引发的冲突得以解决。
With the development of economic globalization, the culture of the East-West will be conflict, but will eventually converged . In the movie, the name of the hero "Datong" also appears to indicate the future.
中美友谊的对比
一、范围和层次的不同
• 中国人的所结成的友谊关系一般有两种：一种是“熟人”，即由工作 关系、邻居关系认 识的人。第二种是朋友，这和英语中的friend含义有差 别，中国人所称的朋友一般是志同道 合、互相关心、互相帮助并可在感情 上依托的人，这是一种亲密的、有深交的人际关系，可 以自由自在的谈论 彼此心中深层次的思想。“朋友”在汉语中有两个意思：一是彼此有交情 的人；一个是指“恋爱的对象”（《现代汉语词典》）。中国人一般熟人 多，但朋友不多。 前一种意义上的朋友一般是同性，异性朋友很少，因为 这常有谈恋爱或婚外恋的嫌疑。 美国人的友谊关系是建立在共同的理想和价值观、真诚和信任、社会 和心理的支持的基 础上的。美国人一般把友谊关系分为泛泛之交、好友、 密友和深交。美国人往往有许许多多 的泛泛之交、好友、密友，且男性和 女性兼有。深交友谊关系也包括男女两性，但是数量较 少，以志趣相投为 基础。在许多国家，朋友必须是同性的，然而，大部分美国人认为可能存 在异性朋友，他们通常也不认为男女单独相处就会发生性行为。因此，男 性和女性同事可以 结伴同行去参加会议，而任何人都不会认为他们之间的 关系包含性关系。 美国人的这种普遍友好但却表面化的关系在“最好的朋友”这个称谓 上倒有点例外。所 谓“最好的朋友”常常会是某人在高中或大学期间认识 的朋友，这种友谊可能延续几年甚至 一辈子，维系它的不是相互之间的礼 尚往来和患难与共，而更多是一种怀旧和感伤的情愫。 美国人对“最好的 朋友”的定义甚至也和美国人交友方式的轻松随意遥相呼应。
二、深浅和牢固程度不同
中国人与朋友的友谊关系一般比较长久。中国有句俗话：“在家靠 父母，出外靠朋友。 ”中国人向来好交朋友，珍惜友情。交上一个朋 友需要较长时间，人们一旦成为朋友，这种 友谊将持续很久，乃至一 生。朋友之间，肝胆相照，为了朋友不惜两肋插刀，“士为知己者 死”。中国历史上，君子之交，贫贱之交，患难之交，生死之交，不乏 其例。 一般来说，美国人交朋友快，忘记朋友也快，彼此感情淡漠。这从 friend一词的词义中 也可以看出。《简明牛津词典》中“friend”作为名 词的含义主要有：与性爱和亲属之间的 爱无关的与另一个亲近和相互 友爱的人（One joined to another in intimacy and mutual benevolence One independently of sexual or family love）；代理者，例如，作为一对人 中的第二个人（person who acts for one，eg．as second in dual）； 熟人，偶然路遇的 陌生人或有机会提起的人（acquaintance，stranger that one comes across or has occa sion to mention again）；同情者、 帮手、赞助者（sympathizer，helper，patron）。美 国人社交广，接 触新事物、新思想较快。他们不断寻求新刺激、新朋友、新机遇，以求 开拓 视野，达到取得新的成功的目的。。（Alison Lanier）在其撰写的 《生活在美国》（Living in the U.S.A.,1981）一书中指出：美国是一 个流动性很强的国家。美国人的友情可能是密 切的，连续的，强烈的， 慷慨的，真诚的。但是，一旦环境改变了，这一切也就随之消失了 。
中美友谊观差异比较
中西友谊观对比人处在社会中,不能独自生活，必须和社会接触，必须结交朋友，须得到他人的赞同，须得到别人的关怀。
因此，朋友在每个人的日常生活中甚至每个人的生命中都扮演了一个举足轻重的角色。
对友谊的需求是全人类普遍存在的现象,无论对于中国人还是美国人，朋友都是非常重要的人际关系，正如我们中国人的一句友谊格言所说：“没有真挚朋友的人，是真正孤独的人！”美国人对待友谊的看法也有类似的格言：“Without a friend, the world is a wilderness.（没有朋友，世界成了荒野）。
”由此可见，朋友对于任何人而言有多么地重要。
但由于东西方文化的差异，在对待交朋结友这件事上，中国人的友谊观与美国人的友谊观存在着明显的差异。
今天，我最主要从以下六个方面来谈谈中美友谊观中存在的差异：一、从定义看新华字典中对于朋友的解释为“同学，志同道合的人或特指恋人”，由此可知，中国人内心里对“朋友”的界定非常明确，内心有一把非常清楚的尺。
而美国人的“朋友”概念却相对宽松。
在牛津高阶英汉双解词典第七版中对“朋友”一词的定义为“喜欢的人、支持者，不是敌人，讨厌的人”等，由此我们可以看出，对于友谊美国人相比较中国人而言更加开放更加随性。
有个留学生曾经概括说：“当一个美国人称某人为‘朋友’，大多数情形下他只是在表示礼貌友好，而不是真的要跟他建立一种友谊。
”二、“友谊”持续时间在中国，友谊往往是坚固、稳定甚至是终身的。
就算是分别两地，朋友之间往往都会相互联系，或许是通过打电话或是聚会等，两者的友谊并不会随着时间的流逝而消逝。
外国人对友谊并不一定追求“永恒”，美式友谊就有些“速溶咖啡”的味道了，朋友交得快，忘得也快。
美国是全世界流动性最大的一个国家，这种流动性使得美国人的人际关系相对淡薄。
美国人对朋友的热情很快能从一个人转移到另一个人。
因此，在美国，朋友之间如果一段时间内不联系、不见面，他们的友谊就会迅速地枯萎甚至死亡。
中美友谊观差异比较
xxxx观对比人处在社会中,不能独自生活，必须和社会接触，必须结交朋友，须得到他人的赞同，须得到别人的关怀。
因此，朋友在每个人的日常生活中甚至每个人的生命中都扮演了一个举足轻重的角色。
对友谊的需求是全人类普遍存在的现象,无论对于中国人还是美国人，朋友都是非常重要的人际关系，正如我们中国人的一句友谊格言所说：“没有真挚朋友的人，是真正孤独的人！”美国人对待友谊的看法也有类似的格言：“Without a friend, the world is a wilderness.（没有朋友，世界成了荒野）。
”由此可见，朋友对于任何人而言有多么地重要。
但由于东西方文化的差异，在对待交朋结友这件事上，中国人的友谊观与美国人的友谊观存在着明显的差异。
今天，我最主要从以下六个方面来谈谈中美友谊观中存在的差异：一、从定义看新华字典中对于朋友的解释为“同学，志同道合的人或特指恋人”，由此可知，中国人内心里对“朋友”的界定非常明确，内心有一把非常清楚的尺。
而美国人的“朋友”概念却相对宽松。
在牛津高阶英汉双解词典第七版中对“朋友”一词的定义为“喜欢的人、支持者，不是敌人，讨厌的人”等，由此我们可以看出，对于友谊美国人相比较中国人而言更加开放更加随性。
有个留学生曾经概括说：“当一个美国人称某人为‘朋友'，大多数情形下他只是在表示礼貌友好，而不是真的要跟他建立一种友谊。
”二、“xx”持续时间在中国，友谊往往是坚固、稳定甚至是终身的。
就算是分别两地，朋友之间往往都会相互联系，或许是通过打电话或是聚会等，两者的友谊并不会随着时间的流逝而消逝。
1 / 5外国人对友谊并不一定追求“永恒”，美式友谊就有些“速溶咖啡”的味道了，朋友交得快，忘得也快。
美国是全世界流动性最大的一个国家，这种流动性使得美国人的人际关系相对淡薄。
美国人对朋友的热情很快能从一个人转移到另一个人。
因此，在美国，朋友之间如果一段时间内不联系、不见面，他们的友谊就会迅速地枯萎甚至死亡。
中西方友谊的差异The DIfference of Friendship PPT
How long can friendship
last? Chinese seem to expect their friendship
to stay the same over a long period of time, maybe for a lifetime. A true friendship is a relationship endures through any changes.
The Friendship and Friends in the Eyes of Chinese and Western People
Friend and friendship in the eyes of western people are quite different from that of Chinese. Those people who were chanced on like patches of drifting duckweed can be friends. Furthermore, for the friendship, the western people are more casual compared with our Chinese.
中西友谊观对比
• 古时候的刘、关、张的桃园三结义，伯牙和钟子期的高山 流水等都是中国人对于友谊看法的体现。
• 由于中国人的互依自我构元在社会环境中起了主导作用， 因此一旦确定友谊，朋友相互之间就相互关心彼此依存。 因为要彼此依存相互联系，从而也形成了非常有特色的中 国式的友谊交流方式。
• 中国人友谊的保持，需要不断的互动，而这个互动就是不 断的串门，拉家常，甚至一口气聊天几个小时。并且对于 中国人来说朋友之间的串门聊天是不需要预约的，因为这 是“情不自禁”，而只要是朋友，随时随地都是受欢迎的。 但这些往往是美国人觉得很费解的习惯和方式。
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• 五、建立及维系友谊方式的差异
• 中国人对建立友谊非常谨慎，他们往往要经过很长时间的 相互接触，等彼此深入了解后才会成为真正意义上的朋友 ，正所谓 “与恶友交不如独处（It's better to be alone than in bad company.）”、“滥交者无友（A friend to all is a friend to none.）”；对于中国人，彼此之间要接触相当长 的一段时间，交流到了一定的深度，摸清彼此的习性和 脾气，发现彼此是志趣相投或是共同经历“磨难”之后才会 在心里承认彼此是朋友，才会看重这段友谊。如“路遥知 马力，日久见人心（Poverty tries friends.）”。在中国的 传统文化中，友谊意味着朋友间一生的信约，是要慢慢培 养的，因为友谊一旦形成就终身相随。中国人所交的朋友 必须是志同道合，兴趣相投，性格相近，否则就不能为真 正的朋友，只能算是点头之交，泛泛之辈。
-
• 美式友谊就有些 “速溶咖啡”的味道了，朋友交得快，忘得 也快。或许你在初次和美国人打交道时会觉得他们很友善 、很热情，但如果你想当然地认为他们已经把你当朋友看 待了，你无疑要失落了。友善并不代表友谊，真正的朋友 之间的友谊需要时间的历练及奉献精神，而这正是很多美 国人所缺乏的。
中西方友谊的区别英语作文
中西方友谊的区别英语作文1. In Western culture, friendships are often characterized by a sense of individualism and independence. People value personal freedom and autonomy in their relationships, which can sometimes lead to a more casual and less emotionally intense bond compared to friendships in Eastern cultures.2. On the other hand, friendships in Eastern cultures are often based on a strong sense of loyalty, duty, and obligation. People prioritize the needs and well-being of their friends above their own, and relationships are often seen as lifelong commitments that require constantnurturing and support.3. In Western friendships, communication is oftendirect and straightforward. People are encouraged to express their thoughts and feelings openly, even if it means risking conflict or disagreement. This emphasis on honesty and authenticity can sometimes lead to more honestand genuine relationships.4. In contrast, communication in Eastern friendships is often more indirect and subtle. People may use nonverbal cues, gestures, and shared experiences to convey their feelings and emotions, rather than relying on explicitverbal communication. This can create a sense of intimacy and connection that goes beyond words.5. Western friendships tend to be more individualistic and focused on personal fulfillment and self-expression. People may come together based on shared interests, hobbies, or values, and friendships may evolve and change over time as individuals grow and change.6. In Eastern friendships, the emphasis is often on group harmony and collective well-being. People mayprioritize the needs of the group over their own individual desires, and friendships are often seen as a way to strengthen social bonds and maintain stability within the community.7. Despite these differences, both Western and Eastern friendships can be deeply meaningful and rewarding. Whether it's sharing a laugh, offering a shoulder to cry on, or simply being there for each other in times of need, the bonds of friendship transcend cultural boundaries and enrich our lives in countless ways.。
中国和西方对待友谊不同的态度英语作文
中国和西方对待友谊不同的态度英语作文Friendship is a universal concept that transcends cultural boundaries, yet the way it is perceived and valued can vary significantly across different societies. In the case of China and the West, the attitudes towards friendship often exhibit distinct differences, reflecting the underlying cultural and philosophical influences that shape these perspectives.In the Chinese tradition, friendship is deeply rooted in the concept of "guanxi," which emphasizes the importance of interpersonal relationships and the web of social connections. The Chinese view friendship as a multifaceted and long-lasting bond that goes beyond the mere exchange of favors or superficial interactions. The strength of a friendship is often measured by the depth of mutual understanding, trust, and loyalty that exists between individuals.This emphasis on the relational aspect of friendship is reflected in the Chinese language itself. The word for "friend" in Chinese, "pengyou," is a compound of two characters that literally translate to "someone who is close to you." This linguistic nuance underscores the idea that friendship is not just a casual acquaintance but a profound connection that requires time, effort, and a genuine commitment tomaintain.Furthermore, the Confucian philosophy, which has significantly influenced Chinese culture, places a strong emphasis on the cultivation of harmonious social relationships. In this context, friendship is seen as a means to cultivate moral character, foster mutual support, and contribute to the overall well-being of the community. The Chinese often view friendship as a reciprocal relationship, where both parties are expected to uphold their responsibilities and support each other in times of need.In contrast, the Western perspective on friendship tends to be more individualistic and centered on personal fulfillment. While the Western concept of friendship also values trust, loyalty, and mutual understanding, the emphasis is often placed on the emotional and psychological aspects of the relationship. Friendship is often seen as a voluntary association between individuals who share common interests, values, or experiences, rather than a deeply ingrained social obligation.In the West, the notion of friendship is often more fluid and dynamic, with individuals forming and dissolving friendships as their needs and circumstances change. The focus is on the personal satisfaction and emotional gratification that a friendship can provide, rather than the broader social implications.Moreover, the Western approach to friendship tends to be more egalitarian, with a greater emphasis on the equality and autonomy of the individuals involved. The power dynamics within a friendship are often less pronounced, and there is a stronger emphasis on the mutual exchange of support and companionship.Despite these cultural differences, it is important to recognize that both the Chinese and Western perspectives on friendship have their own merits and can offer valuable insights into the human experience. By understanding and appreciating the nuances of these different approaches, we can foster a deeper understanding and respect for the diverse ways in which people around the world cultivate and value their friendships.In conclusion, the contrasting attitudes towards friendship in China and the West reflect the underlying cultural and philosophical influences that shape these perspectives. While the Chinese view friendship as a deep and long-lasting bond rooted in social obligations and reciprocity, the Western approach tends to be more individualistic and centered on personal fulfillment. By recognizing and respecting these differences, we can gain a richer understanding of the multifaceted nature of human relationships and the diverse ways in which people around the world navigate the complexities of friendship.。
中西方友谊的差异The DIfference of Friendship
The Friendship and Friends in the Eyes of Chinese and Western People
Although Chinese are more gentle and humble, the definition of friend and friendship is quite clear. We regard the two in a very serious way. Chinese friend must share similar interest, similar personalities. Otherwise they are just acquaintance.
The Differences of Friendship
Between the West and China
Presenter 1 Xiao Zhang 2 Xiao Wang
Proverb
“没有真挚朋友的人，是真正孤独的人。”
Without a friend, the world is like a wilderness.
Generality
Social culture in China and the United States is not the same. Collectivist culture is playing a decisive role in the society. Meanwhile, the American community is leaded by individualism. The differences of values result in various attitudes and understanding towards friendship.
中西方对友谊的不同看法英语作文
中西方对友谊的不同看法英语作文英文回答：Friendship, a fundamental aspect of human interaction, holds significant cultural implications, influenced by societal norms, values, and beliefs. While Western and Eastern perspectives share commonalities, they also exhibit notable differences in how they conceptualize and experience friendship.Emphasis on Individualism vs. Collectivism.Western societies emphasize individualism, prioritizing personal autonomy and self-reliance. Friendships are typically formed based on shared interests, values, and experiences. Individuals are expected to maintain their own identities within the friendship and seek personal fulfillment through their relationships.In contrast, Eastern cultures, particularly in EastAsia, adhere to a collectivist worldview. Friendships are often rooted in shared social groups, such as family, school, or workplace. Individuals prioritize group harmony and loyalty over personal desires. They are expected to conform to societal expectations and place the needs of the group above their own.Purpose of Friendship.In the West, friendships serve predominantly as a source of emotional support, companionship, and personal growth. Friends are often confidants, providing a safe space to share intimate thoughts and experiences. Relationships are valued for their ability to enhance one's sense of well-being and purpose.In Eastern cultures, friendships also play a practical role. Friends serve as a network of support, providing assistance in various aspects of life, including financial, professional, and family matters. Loyalty and reciprocity are highly valued in these relationships.Communication Styles.Communication in Western friendships tends to be direct and explicit. Individuals are encouraged to express their thoughts and feelings openly, even if it may cause discomfort. Friendships are often characterized by verbal banter, humor, and self-disclosure.In Eastern cultures, communication is often indirect and implicit. Individuals may avoid direct confrontation to maintain harmony. They favor nonverbal cues, such as facial expressions, body language, and situational context, to convey their intentions.Time and Distance.In Western societies, friendships are often maintained over long distances and extended periods. Individuals may move away for education, work, or family reasons, but they continue to prioritize their friendships through frequent communication and occasional visits.In Eastern cultures, physical proximity and shared experiences are crucial for maintaining friendships. Due to the emphasis on collectivism, friendships are often tied to specific social groups. As individuals move or leave those groups, the intensity of their friendships may diminish.Conclusion.While both Western and Eastern perspectives on friendship acknowledge the importance of intimacy, support, and shared experiences, they differ in their emphasis on individualism, purpose, communication styles, and the role of time and distance. These differences reflect the unique cultural values and norms that shape how individuals form and maintain friendships in different societies.中文回答：对友谊的看法差异。
中西方对友谊看法英语作文
中西方对友谊看法英语作文In Western culture, friendship is often seen as a bond between individuals who share common interests and values. Friends are there to support each other through thick and thin, offering a listening ear and a shoulder to lean on.In contrast, in Chinese culture, friendship is often viewed as a more formal and hierarchical relationship. Friends are expected to show respect and loyalty to each other, and there is an emphasis on maintaining harmony and avoiding conflict.In Western culture, friendships are often formed based on personal choice and compatibility. People are free to choose their friends based on shared interests, values, and personalities.In Chinese culture, friendships are often formed based on social connections and obligations. People are more likely to become friends with those who are in their socialcircle or have a similar background.In Western culture, friendships are often seen as equal partnerships where both parties contribute equally to the relationship. Friends are expected to be honest, open, and supportive towards each other.In Chinese culture, friendships are often seen as asymmetric relationships where one person may hold a higher status or have more power than the other. There is often an expectation of deference and respect towards the friend who is considered to be of higher status.In conclusion, while there are similarities in how friendship is valued in both Western and Chinese cultures, there are also significant differences in how it is understood and practiced. It is important to recognize and respect these cultural differences when forming and maintaining friendships across different cultures.。
中美友谊观英语作文初一
中美友谊观英语作文初一As a virtual assistant, I am not capable of downloading files from the internet. However, I can provide you with a high-quality essay on the topic "Friendship between China and the United States" that you can use as a reference.Friendship between China and the United States。
The relationship between China and the United States has always been a topic of discussion around the world. Both countries have different political systems, cultural backgrounds, and economic interests, which can sometimes lead to misunderstandings and conflicts. However, despite the differences, the two countries have maintained a strong friendship over the years.The friendship between China and the United States dates back to the early 19th century, when American traders began to visit China for trade. Since then, the two countries have established diplomatic relations, and theirfriendship has grown stronger with time. Today, China and the United States are important trading partners and have close cultural and educational ties.One of the key factors that have contributed to the friendship between China and the United States is their mutual respect for each other's culture and traditions. Both countries have a rich history and cultural heritage, and they have learned to appreciate and respect eachother's customs and beliefs. This has helped to foster a deeper understanding and appreciation of each other's culture, which has helped to strengthen their friendship.Another factor that has contributed to the friendship between China and the United States is their shared economic interests. Both countries are major players in the global economy, and they have a lot to gain from working together. China is the largest foreign holder of US debt, and the United States is China's largest trading partner. This economic interdependence has helped to create a strong bond between the two countries, which has helped to maintain their friendship.Despite the challenges that China and the United States face, their friendship has remained strong over the years. Both countries have shown a willingness to work together to address common challenges, such as climate change, terrorism, and economic instability. This cooperation has helped to build trust and understanding between the two countries, which has helped to maintain their friendship.In conclusion, the friendship between China and the United States is an important relationship that has lasted for many years. Despite their differences, the two countries have learned to appreciate and respect eachother's culture and traditions, and they have a shared interest in maintaining a strong economic relationship. By working together to address common challenges, China and the United States can continue to strengthen their friendship and build a better future for both countries.。
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Friendship in <guasha>
The friendship between Xu Datong and Quinlin is worth pondering.the different views of friendship make them feel confused.In Quinlin’s mind,the truth is more importent than friendship because Americans pursuit truth.But as a Chinese,Xu considers friendship more precious than truth. So,in court Quinlin told the judge that Xu did beat his son Dennis,which made Xu thought Quinlin wasn’t a true friend. However,in the latter part of the film,Quinlin experienced Guasha in person in the Chinatown,and the officier Margaret and the judge are active to make up for their mistake and cancel the charge against Datong.
• 2 concrete adj. 具体的
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• In the West, you can certainly ask a friend to do something with you, but you recognize that your friend may say no, if he / she gives you a reason. You would not expect a friend to drop everything to respond to a non-urgent need such as shopping. Nor would you expect a friend to recognize and respond to your wishes without stating them. • A friend in China is someone who offers help without waiting to be asked. There are few limits to what you can expect from a friend. You can feel free to tell your friend what he / she can or should do to help or please you.
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• Western people prefer people to be independent, so they do not feel comfortable in a relationship in which one person is giving more and the other is dependent on what is giving. Their friendship is mostly a matter of providing emotional support and spending time together. A Westerner will respond to a friend’s trouble by asking “What do you want to do?” The idea is to help the friend to think out the problem and discover the solution he or she really wants and then to support the solution. • Chinese friends give each other more concrete２ help. A Chinese will use personal connections to help a end get something hard to obtain such as a job, or an appointment with a good doctor. Chinese friends give each other money and might help each other out financially over a long time.
• In North America, even the relationship in which people feel close and tell each other personal problems may not survive life changes such as moving to another city, graduation from a university, a change in economic circumstances, or marriage. If the people do not see each other regularly, the relationship is likely to die.
Actually both Xu and Quinlin did wrong,the cultures make them do so and true friendship needs respect and communication.
Thanks for your attention!
• Different foundations for friendships • Westerners expects friends to be independent • Chinese usually expect more from their friends
• Chinese friends share “things in common”: a task, a class, the hometown. Friendships are formed by people who work or go to school together. You may or may not like the person, but if he or she can do something for you because of his position or job, you can be friends. • But in North America, business and friendship are kept separate. The friendships are usually tied to specific activities. A person may have work friends and leisure activity friends. Also friends tend to have similar financial circumstances, because friendship in the West is based on equality. Friends should exchange similar activities and give similar things to each other. If one can afford to treat the other to a meal at an expensive restaurant and the other does not have enough money to do the same, it will cause problems in the relationship.
Friendship in China and the West
• For Chinese a true friendship endures throughout life change. Chinese people will consider someone a friend even if they haven’t spoken for 20 years. If you shared something at one time, then all your life you are friends. This is the best of Guanxi, the Wide Web that connects through time and space. Chinese invented the Internet long before Bill Gates was born. • 这就是最好的“关系”，即跨越时空将中 国人维系在一起的“万维网”。