南京外国语学校学年第一学期期末考试
2021-2022学年江苏省南京外国语学校七年级上学期期末考试语文试题
南京外国语学校2021-2022学年度第一学期期末初一年级语文试题命题人：审核人：友情提醒：请将答案写在答卷纸上相应位置，写在试卷上不得分；满分为100分，含3分书写分。
人类失去想象，世界将会怎样？科技发展离不开大胆的设想，文学和艺术更是奇思妙想的结晶。
请你展开想象的双翅，翱翔于文字的碧海蓝天吧！一、积累与运用（23分）学校文学社计划举办迎新晚会，以“想象”为主题，布置读书摊位，请你一起完成活动的设计与布置。
【收集阅读素材】1．小语为活动草拟了一份导言，请帮他补写完整。
（8分）卢梭曾说：“现实的世界是有限的，想象的世界是无涯际的。
”丰富的景象激发了诗人无限的想象。
刘禹锡被贬朗州，依然高唱“晴空一鹤排云上，（1）（《秋词》）。
（2）（填作者名）独居荒村，写下了“夜阑卧听风吹雨，（3）（《十一月四日风雨大作》）。
谭嗣同想象着辽远壮阔的景色，赞叹“河流大野犹嫌束，（4）（《潼关》）。
李商隐在《（5）》（填诗名）中想象与妻子重聚的欢乐：“（6），却话巴山夜雨时。
”郭沫若在《天上的街市》中想象牛郎织女过着幸福安宁的生活：“不信，（7），（8）。
”让我们乘着想象的翅膀，去探索无限的世界吧！2．受到小语的启发，爱读故事的文文也写了一段读书感受，有部分字音字形不确定，请帮她写完整。
（4分）童话、神话和寓言故事，也离不开想象：不称．（1）职的国王，时刻想要炫yào（2）新衣服。
抟土造人的女娲，面对莽莽．．（3）榛榛的大地，也会感到孤独。
掌管商业的神使赫耳墨斯，也像人一样爱mù（4）虚荣……每一个故事都充满奇思妙想。
（1）称．职（）（2）炫yào（）（3）莽莽．．榛榛（）（4）爱mù虚荣（）【设计读书活动】为吸引更多同学参与，社员商量设计趣味读书活动。
小语说：我们可以设计一期主题板报，摘录富有想象力的句子，邀请同学们仿写。
3．根据示例，发挥联想和想象，仿写句子。
（2分）例：远远的街灯明了，好像闪着无数的明星。
2019-2020学年南京外国语学校高三英语上学期期末试卷及答案
2019-2020学年南京外国语学校高三英语上学期期末试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThree Things to Do Before You Are 18Are you bored with your daily life? Here are some things you should try before you are 18.★Learn to swimSeriously, this is so important that it can save your life. If you can’t swim well, you won’t be able to dowater sports like waterskiing, surfing and diving. Even taking a boat trip will be dangerous for you. Make sure you do it.★Try at least one kind of team sportsBeing a good team player is an important skill in life. You can’t just think of yourself, but have to work well with other people. Other advantages of team sports like basketball, football and baseball are that they keep you fit and healthy, and they are also great fun. Teams usually have a good social life too—you’ll go to lots of parties and make many friends.★Collect somethingOne of the best hobbies for under-18s is collecting things. You could collect kinds of stamps, or you could collect things that make you remember what you have done, like cinema tickets for films you have seen or letters from friends. The best way to collect is to have a special album to put your collection in and to write what each thing means to you. That way you won’t forget.1. The most important reason for learning to swim is that ________.A. you might feel wellB. it can make you healthyC. you might easily do lots of thingsD. it can save your life2. The writer tells us that one of the best hobbies is to ________ .A. collect somethingB. do some water sportsC. send letters to your friendsD. play basketball with your friends23. The passage is mainly about ________before you are 18.A. good habits to keepB. skills to haveC. things to doD. sports to playBA trip to thelibrary was like a great journey to a different country. To get there, we had to walk a mile. But our weekly journeys to the library were a piece of perfection. I had around me at one time all the people I loved best-my father and mother and brothers and sister--and all the things I loved best- quiet, space and books.I read a lot of books about science: not the spaceships my brothers preferred, but the birds and the bees--literally. I brought home a book of birds and searched the trees for anything other than robins (知更鸟). I went through a phrase of loving books with practical science experiments and used up a whole bottle of white vinegar by pouring it on the sides of our apartment building to prove that it was constructed of limestone (石灰石).One Saturday, as I wandered through the young adult section, I saw a title: Little Women, by Lousia May Alcott. I had learned from experience that titles weren’t everything. A book that sounded great on the shelf could be dull once you got it home. So I sat in a chair near the shelves to skim the first paragraphs.I read and read and read Little Women until it was time to walk home, and, except for a few essential interruptions like sleeping and eating, I did not put it down until the end. Even the freedom to watch weekend television held no appeal for me in the wake of Alcott' s story. It was about girls, for one thing, girls who could almost be like me, especially Jo. I had found someone who thought and felt the way I did.4. What can we say about the author’s family?A. They enjoyed traveling abroad.B. They were library frequenters.C. They were very fond of walking.D. They led a perfectly quiet life.5. What does the author mainly want to show in paragraph 2?A. Her different hobbies from her brothers.B. How she conducted science experiments.C. Why she loved books about the birds and the bees.D. Her reading interests during a particular period of time.6. What opinion does the author hold on books?A. Book titles can sometimes be misleading.B. Science books are as interesting as novels.C. The first few paragraphs of a book are attractive.D. Books seem duller when read in libraries than at home.7. How would the author describe Little Women?A. It helped her to discover her true character.B. It made her forget about food and sleep.C. It inspired confidence in her.D. It kept her absorbed.CDid you know people who live in different parts ofChinahave different habits and preferences? For example, people from southernChinaprefer to eat vegetables, while people from northChinalike to eat meat. According to a new study in a journal, gene variations (变异) might be responsible for these differences. Researchers fromChina’s BGI collected genetic information from 141,431 Chinese women, who came from 31 provinces and consisted of 36 ethnic minority groups.They found that natural selection has played an important role in the ways that people living in different regions of China have developed, affecting their food preferences, immunities (免疫力) to illness and physical features.A variation of the gene FADS2 is more commonly found in northern people. It helps people metabolize (新陈代谢) fatty acids, which suggests a diet that is rich in flesh. This is due to climate differences.Northern Chinais at a higher latitude. This weather is difficult to grow vegetables in. Therefore, northerners tend to eat more meat.The study also found differences in the immune systems of both groups. Most people in southernChinacarry the gene CR1, which protects against malaria. Malaria was once quite common in southernChina. In order to survive, the genes of people in the south evolved to fight against this disease. However, people in the south are also more sensitive to certain illnesses, as they lack the genes to stop them.Genes can also cause physical differences between northerners and southerners. Most northerners have the ABCC11 gene, which causes dry earwax, less body smell and fewer sweats. These physical differences are also more beneficial to living in cold environments. Southerners are less likely to have this gene, as it did not develop in their population.8. What did the new study focus on?A. Regions.B. Eating habits.C. Gene variations.D. Ethnic minority groups.9. What is the main function of the gene FADS2?A. It helps store fat.B. It helps digest meat.C. It helps gain weight.D. It helps treat an illness.10. According to the study, most northerners ________.A. sweat less frequentlyB. are immune to malariaC. prefer vegetables to meatD. are more sensitive to climates11. How many differences did the study find related to genes?A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.D. Five.DTOKYO—Japanese Prime Minister Yoshihide Suga told the media on Monday if any places hosting events of the Tokyo Olympics and Paralympics declare a state of emergency due to the COVID-19 epidemic during the games, the events will continue to beheld but without spectators (观众). With one month to go before the games are due to begin on July 23, Suga is again showing his administration’s determination to hold the Olympic Games as planned, despite so much pressure from various parties urging it tocancel the event.Although the Japanese government regards the Tokyo Olympics as an important opportunity to improve its soft power, the Japanese people’s enthusiasm for the Games has been continuously dented (挫伤) since they were postponed last year. The resurgence (再猖獗) of the novel coronavirus in some places is Japan in recent months has cast a shadow over people’s confidence that the Olympics will not give rise to new clusters (群) of infections, and there are fears that the Games will provide new channels for the virus’ global transmission.Some torchbearers from Japan have withdrawn from the Olympic torch relay in the country. And the latest survey indicates only 34 percent of Japanese people support holding the games as scheduled. Predictably, the Suga administration will do all it can to try to ensure the games go ahead. But it remains to be seen whether it can stand the tests of the uncertainties related to epidemic prevention and control that might happen during the Games.Since it has not yet got the virus under control at home, the people have reasons to question is ability to deal with the prevention and control work when large numbers of participants will be flocking to Japan from around the world in a short time. It is to be hoped that Japan can draw lessons from the organization of epidemic prevention and control work during the ongoing UEFA European Championship, carry out strict epidemic prevention and control measures, and be prepared for emergencies to guarantee the safety and success of the Olympics at this special time.It should be a common wish of the whole world that the Tokyo Olympics can become a stage showing unity and resolve of human beings in their fight against the virus. That willendowthe games with special meaning beyond sports.12. What is the second paragraph mainly about?A. The virus’ global transmission.B. People’ worry about the infections.C. The resurgence of the novel coronavirus.D. The benefit of holding the Tokyo Olympics.13. How do about one third of Japanese people like holding the games as planned?A. Uncertain.B. Negative.C. Approving.D. Indifferent.14. Which of the following words can replace the underlined word “endow” in the last paragraph?A. Compare.B. Equip.C. Provide.D. Charge.15. What can be the best title for the news report?A. Japan can ensure Olympics go aheadB. Olympics big test for Japanese governmentC. Japanese people’s enthusiasm for the GamesD. Japan to carry out strict epidemic prevention during the Games第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
南京外国语学校2018~2019学年第一学期期末考试卷七年级语文(含答案)
D.大家都去找这可厌的猫，想给它以一顿惩．戒．。（“一顿”是数量词）
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语文学习需要课外阅读来延伸和补充。为了激发阅读的兴趣，养成阅读的习惯，营造良好 读书环境，初一年级开展了“少年正是读书时”的综合性学习活动，请你完成以下任务。 【活动我宣传】 5. 为营造良好读书氛围，鼓励师生积极参与，请你为本次活动设计一条宜传标语。（要求:句 式对称，有感召力，20 字以内）（2 分）
2
二、阅读理解（41 分）
（一）阅读下面古诗文，回答 8~13 题。（18 分） 【古诗阅读】
十一月四日风雨大作（其一） 【南宋·陆游】
风卷江湖雨暗村，四山声作海涛翻。 溪①柴火软蛮毡②暖，我与狸奴③不出门。 注释：①溪：指耶溪，地名。②蛮毡：中国西南少数民族地区出产的毛毡。 ③狸奴：猫的昵称 8.本诗是陆游退居家乡山阴时所作。其中一、二两句中的“_____”和“_____”两字生动描绘 出十一月四日的黑天风雨之境，巧妙照应文题中的“大作”。（2 分） 9.后两句抒发了诗人怎样的思想感情？请结合诗句具体分析。（2 分） ________________________________________________________________________________
南京外国语学校 2018~2019 学年第一学期期末考试卷
七年级语文
2019.01
（满分 100 分，时间 120 分钟）
友情提示：此卷为试题卷，答案写在此卷上无效。请将答案写在答题卷上。
一、语言基础与运用（29 分）
1.在田字格内用正．楷．字．抄写下面的文字。(3 分)
发奋识遍天下字，立志读遍人间书
（6）
▲
，便引诗情到碧霄。
（刘禹锡《秋词（其一）》）
江苏省南京外国语学校2021—2022学年八年级上学期期末学情分析语文样卷
南外第一学期语文八年级期末试卷启用时间：2022.01注意事项：1．本试卷6页，共100分。
考试时间为120分钟。
2．此卷为试题卷，答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。
一（25分）学校开展了“品味生活中的浪漫”主题活动，你参与其中并完成任务。
1．小玄在活动中介绍了腊八节习俗。
根据语境，完成题目。
（10分）农历十二月初八是我国的腊八节，它拉开了春节的序幕。
在这天，全国各地都有喝腊八粥的习俗。
熬制腊八粥是件极有兴．味的事。
糯米、红豆、红枣、花生……所有食材溶汇在一锅之中。
熬制时满室生香，入口时甘甜软糯，暖暖的幸福màn延于心间。
这一碗腊八粥热气腾腾，寄寓着人们庆祝丰收、迎接新年的美好心愿。
（1）为加点字注音：兴．味（▲）（1分）（2）根据拼音写汉字：màn延（▲）（1分）（3）选段中“序幕”的意思是（▲）。
（2分）A．某些多幕剧的第一幕之前的一场戏。
B．比喻重大事件的开端。
（4）文中划波浪线句子主干提取正确的是（▲）。
（3分）A．在这天，全国各地有习俗。
B．各地有习俗。
C．各地都喝腊八粥。
D．这天有习俗。
（5）用正楷字或行楷字临写下面短语。
（3分）迎接新年迎接新年2．小武围绕浪漫情思制作了诗文辑录表格，根据提示填空。
（连续写两句）（10分）情思诗文名句作者与出处东篱菊花，赠我悠然意趣（1）____________，（2）__________。
陶渊明《饮酒》花开鸟鸣，着我苦闷忧愁（3）____________，（4）__________。
杜甫《春望》残花归燕，见证年华飞逝（5）____________，（6）__________。
晏殊《浣溪沙》春风拂煦，情思浩荡深沉（7）____________，（8）__________。
王安石《泊船瓜洲》养浩然气，立志做大丈夫富贵不能淫，（9）________，（10）______。
孟子《富贵不能淫》3．班级拟邀请南京书法家孙晓云先生来班作书法讲座，小玄代表班委会拟写了邀请函。
2024年江苏省南京外国语学校物理高三第一学期期末达标检测模拟试题含解析
2024年江苏省南京外国语学校物理高三第一学期期末达标检测模拟试题注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上。
用2B铅笔将试卷类型（B）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。
将条形码粘贴在答题卡右上角"条形码粘贴处"。
2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。
答案不能答在试题卷上。
3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答无效。
4．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。
考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、单项选择题：本题共6小题，每小题4分，共24分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1、心电图仪是将心肌收缩产生的脉动转化为电压脉冲的仪器，其输出部分可等效为一个不计内阻的交流电源，其电压U1会随着心跳频率发生变化。
如图所示，心电仪与一理想变压器的初级线圈相连接，扬声器（等效为一个定值电阻）与一滑动变阻器连接在该变压器的次级线圈。
则（）A．保持滑动变阻器滑片P不动，当U1变小时，扬声器的功率变大B．保持滑动变阻器滑片P不动，当U1变小时，原线圈电流I1变小C．若保持U1不变，将滑动变阻器滑片P向右滑，扬声器获得的功率增大D．若保持U1不变，将滑动变阻器滑片P向右滑，副线圈的电流I2增大2、一个23892U核衰变为一个20682Pb核的过程中，发生了m次α衰变和n次β衰变，则m、n的值分别为（）A．8、6 B．6、8 C．4、8 D．8、43、如图所示，质量相等的物块放在粗糙的水平面上，两物块用水平轻绳连接且刚好拉直，物块a、b与地面间动摩擦因数相同，已知最大静摩擦力等于滑动摩擦力，重力加速度为g。
现给物块a施加一水平向右的拉力F，缓慢增大F 到物块a要滑动的过程中，下列说法正确的是A．地面对物块a的摩擦力一直增大B．地面对物块a的摩擦力与轻绳对物块a的拉力同步增大C．物块a刚好要滑动时，物块b也刚好要滑动D．物块b刚好要滑动时，轻绳拉力等于此时外力F的一半4、某行星的自转周期为T，赤道半径为R．研究发现，当该行星的自转角速度变为原来的2倍时会导致该行星赤道上的物体恰好对行星表面没有压力，已知引力常量为G．则A．该行星的质量为B．该行星的同步卫星轨道半径为C．质量为m的物体对行星赤道地面的压力为D．环绕该行星做匀速圆周运动的卫星的最大线速度为7.9km/s5、如图，两根平行通电长直导线固定，左边导线中通有垂直纸面向外、大小为I1的恒定电流，两导线连线（水平）的中点处，一可自由转动的小磁针静止时N极方向平行于纸面向下。
2019-2020年江苏省南京市南京外国语学校七年级上学期期末考试英语考试试卷(无听力)
南京外国语学校2019-2020学年度第一学期期末初一年级英语试题Ⅱ. Multiple choice(20%)21.—What cold weather!--Yes. But it’s unusual experience for us who always live in a hot city.A. an; anB. /; aC. /; anD. a; a22.They believe they can still do the work better than last time even if they have money and people.A. little; fewB. less; fewC. little; fewerD. less; fewer23.The business has been very good since I a bookstore last year. Now it every day from 8a.m. to 8p.m.A. opened; opensB. opened; is openC. was open; is openD. was open; opens24. That museum has a large collection of famous paintings, some of Picasso’s.A. includeB. includesC. includingD. included25.The biggest supermarket in town is not far away from my home. It’s just a walk.A. ten-minuteB. ten minutes’C. ten minutesD. ten minute’s26.I watched the World Cup in a bar last night and I home 1:00 in the morning.A. go; untilB. went; untilC. didn’t go; untilD. won’t go; until27.You look great red! This red coat is perfect you!A. on; inB. in; onC. in; inD. on; on28.Each of the items on the wall 100 yuan, but those in the window are not expensive. They each 20% off.A. is; areB. is; isC. are; areD. are; is29.Football is quite popular boys in Argentina. Some boys practice football with their friends every day after school.A. among; to playB. for; to playC. to; playingD. with; playing30.—Would you like fruit after dinner?--Thanks, but I seldom eat fruit when I am full.A. any; someB. some; anyC. some; someD. any; any31.To make your dream true, you need hard and never give up easily.A. comes; to workB. comes; workC. come; to workD. come; work32.—The boots look so nice, may I ?--Sure, here you are.A. try them onB. try it onC. try on itD. try them on33. Jim looks happy because he had a good mark in the Chinese exam.A. so; suchB. such; soC. so; soD. such; such34.60% of the wood we use from Australia. But in the fire which took place in November, 40% of the forests destroyed.A. comes; wereB. comes; wasC. come; wereD. come; was35.--will your father come back from Canada?--three days.A. How long; InB. How soon; InC. How long; AfterD. How soon; After36.It my parents nearly 2000 yuan every month to pay for my extra lessons, and I also spend a lot of time them.A. costs; onB. takes; onC. costs; inD. takes; in37.Parents always hope their children a happy and healthy life.A. to liveB. can liveC. livingD. should live38. Look at the elephant . It looks . What’s the matter?A. careful; angryB. careful; angrilyC. carefully; angrilyD. carefully; angry39.—You haven’t got a new bicycle, you?--Yes, I . I bought one yesterday.A. haven’t; haveB. don’t; doC. have; haveD. do; do40.—I always feel unhappy and worried, Kitty.--Let’s have a talk after school.A. Oh, right.B. Cool!C. I don’t believe it.D. poor you!III．Cloze Test(10%)Christmas is as important to British people as Spring Festival is to us. Every year on Dec 25, English people gather together to ___41___ this holiday.It is the most___42___ family gathering of the whole year.In the UK, people start preparing for Christmas soon after Halloween -even as__43____as the beginning of November! In every shop window I ___44____on my way to school, I see Santa decorations(装饰) , candy canes and presents. The whole of London is getting ready for ____45____.One tradition in the UK is to have an advent calendar(圣诞倒数日历). It has 24 little flaps(片状小门) that you can open starting from Dec1. There is a tiny ___46___behind each flap. It __47____ makeup, chocolate or stationery, depending on what kind of calendar you buy. You can open one flap each day ___48___you get to the last flap on the morning of Dec 25! This tradition ____49___ in the mid-19th century in Protestant areas in Germany.____50__interesting tradition began in 1954. Every November, London is lit up by thousands of decorative lights. The lights are shaped like the common symbols of Christmas, such as angels, reindeers and Christmas trees. It is a breathtaking sight from far away and it is wonderful how the colors create an atmosphere (氛围)of celebration.41. A. spend B. take C. celebrate D. congratulate42. A. ting B. boring C. difficult D. important43. A. soon B. early C. late D. fast44. A. pass B. go C. cross D. enter45. A. Thanksgiving B. New Year C. Christmas D. Halloween46. A. gift B. number C. picture D. letter47. A. must B. can C. should D. will48. A. by B. after C. before D. until49. A. set B. came C. began D. ended50. A. Other B. The other C. Another D. SomeIV. Reading comprehension(15%)AHave you ever heard the term "body image"? It refers to the way we see our own bodies and how we feel about them. Some people have a good body image—they know that while their bodies might not be pecfect, they are still healthy and happy.But many others—especially women—have a "broken" view of their bodies. They feel like they can never be skinny enough.I have seen this among my own female(女性的) friends. I often see them complain about their weight on my Wechat moments(微信朋友圈), even though they are already in good shape. I want to tell them to stop worrying and complaining, but it's not really my place to do that.This phenomenon(现象)has been a problem in the US and other countries for many years. But it seems to me that Chinese society places extra pressure on women to look perfect.Some of you may remember the"A4 challenge" of 2016. Women posted pictures of themselves online, comparing their waist( 腰部) to the width of a sheet of A4 printing paper. A4 sheets are only about 20 cm wide. For most people, that would mean that they are at an unhealthy weight.Unluckily, society and the media(媒体) will probably always promote(提倡) these kinds of strict beauty ideals. But the thing to remember is that as long as you are not extremely overweight or extremely skinny, you're probably in good health and are fine just the way you are.51. What does “ having a good body image” mean?A. You are satisfied with how you look.B. You are already in perfect shape.C. You are worried about your body shapeD. You feel like you can never be skinny enough.52. "This phenomenon" in Paragraph 4 refers to _________.A. “women are always in good shape”B. “women enjoy losing weight”C. “women always complain about their weight”D. “women love to post pictures on their Wechat moments”53. What does the author(作者)think of the “A4 challenge”?A. He thought it was fun.B. He disagreed with it.C. He wanted to take part in it.D. He was angry about it.54. What can we infer(推断) from the story？A. Strict beauty ideals should be promoted.B. Chinese society places very little pressure on women.C. Winning the “A4 challenge” means that you are healthy.D. There are some people who will never be satisfied with their bodies.55. What is the best title of this passage?A. A4 ChallengeB. Be Happy With YourselfC. Some People Have a Good Body ImageD. Some People Have a Broken View of Their BodiesBWhen you are busy with your schoolwork, you might find it tough to get enough sleep. We all know that not getting enough sleep is bad for our health. But it has been found that less sleep could even cause you to have fewer friends, the Guardian reported.According to researchers from the University of California, people who don't get enough sleep are less willing to socialize(社交)with others. They are simply too tired to go out.The researchers did a small study. They tested 18 young people who just had a good nights sleep as well as tested them again after a sleepless night. The participants watched videos of people with neutral (中性的)expressions walking toward them. When the person on the video gottoo"close"to them, they pushed a button (按钮)to stop the video, which recorded how close they allowed the person to get.The results showed that people kept the person at a distance of 60 percent further back if they hadn’t gotten enough sleep. They felt that their personal space was being invaded(侵占). But when the participants got a good night’s sleep, they allowed the person to get much closer to them.According to lead （领头）researcher Matthew Walker,the less sleep you get,the less you you want to socialize with others. In turn, other people may think you are weird and stay away from you. This can make you feel lonely and cause you to sleep even less. It becomes a vicious cycle(恶性循环). So if you want to be a more sociable and popular person，sleeping well might help. "One night of good sleep. makes you feel more outgoing and socially confident, " Walker told the Daily Mail.56.“When you are busy with your schoolwork, you might find it tough to get enough sleep.”What does this sentence mean?A. Students are too busy with their schoolwork.B. Students have too much stress to go to sleep.C. Students are not allowed to get enough sleep by their teachers and parents.D. Students are too busy with their schoolwork to have enough time to sleep57. Researchers from the University of Califomia believe that less sleep_____.A. makes school life harderB. is good for ones healthC. makes people less sociableD. causes people to become nervous58. How did the researchers prove their point?A. They did a study of 18 young people.B. They watched videos of sleepy people.C. They interviewed people on the street.D. they invited people to play a game.59. The underlined"participants " in Para 3 means_____.A.researchers from the university.B. people with neutral expressions.C. the tested young people.D. the sociable people.60. The media(媒体) mentioned in the passage are_____.A. the Guardian; WalkerB. the Guardian; the Daily MailC. the Daily Mail; the University of CaliforniaD. the Daily Mail; WalkerCFor more than 60 years, Lego(乐高)bricks have sparked children’s imaginations.Now, a new version of these toys is in the works. They're called Lego Braille Bricks.Lego Braille Bricks are designed to help people learn Braille. That’s a system of writing in which letters are represented by raised dots(凸起的点). Blind people(盲人)use their fingertips to read them. According to the World Health Organization,36million people worldwide are blind. In the United States,however,only ten percent of blind children learn Braille. Lego Braille Bricks can help change that,The small knobs on the bricks are arranged as Braille letters. Blind children can use these knobs to learn Braille. Lego plans to launch Braille bricks next year. For some schools，kits(成套工具) will be free.Each kit will contain about250 bricks. Along with the alphabet(字母表) the bricks will feature numbers and math symbols.The Danish Association of the Blind first came up with the idea of using Lego bricks to teach Braille. In 2011, the group shared the idea with the Lego Foundation.Thorkild Olesen is the president of the group. Olesen is blind. He says many teachers don’t have the tools and skills to help kids learn Braille. So they teach with audio tools,such as audio books."Like any other people, we need to express ourselves in writing, "Olesen said . “Audio is great. But it can never replace Braille. Braille is the single most important tool for us in order to learn to spell correctly and write.A. a new toy for blind childrenB. a new version of Lego bricksC. a writing system for blind people.D. a kind of book for blind peopleA. learn BrailleB. read and writeC. read all the books they likeD. play with all kinds of Lego Bricks63. Through Lego Braille Bricks, blind children can learn about different ideas Except___.A. ArtB. numbersC. math symbolsD. English letters64._____ first came up with the idea of Lego Braille Bricks.A. Thorkild OlesenB. The Lego CompanyC. The World Health OrganizationD. The Danish Association of the Blind65. Which of the following sentences is WRONG according to the article?A. In the US, one in ten blind children learn Braille.B. Lego will send Lego Braille Bricks to some schools for free.C. Lego Braille Bricks will help more blind children learn Braille.D. Many teachers are now teaching Braille with Lego Braille BricksV. VocabularyA. Complete each sentence with proper words. The first letter of each word is given.(0.5%×15=75%)1. For your own safety, please put on a h______ while you are riding a motorcycle. This may save your life at critical moments.2. I saw Michael walking on crutches(拐杖)yesterday. Do you know what h______to him?3. The traffic jam(塞车) along the highway is the result(结果) of a serious car a______, which involved 5 cars.4. I haven’t got my parcels yet. P______they are still at the post office. I'll go and check later this afternoon.5. Nowadays, many tourist spots in China are free to people a______ 70 or over.6. Steven was in a s______ of pleasure when he got the offer from Oxford University.7. Since experts have different ideas about a healthy diet, nowadays people are c______ about what they should eat to stay healthy.8. Britain, once known as "the empire on which the sun never sets"in history, c______ many areas in the world in the 19th century.9. In the past, people would buy different kinds of m______to make clothes instead of choosing ready-made ones.10. One day I was walking in the street. S______ I heard someone calling my name.1. There are too many people in the shop. Would you please stand in a line and wait for your t______?12. I was told to go to Shanghai for this interview. It was a very amusing affair. A______, I got the job.13. The Chinese a________ to the United States gave a speech about bilateral（双边的）trade at the meeting.14. It is not easy to pick up my friend at this crowded(拥挤的) railway station. She just walked p______ me five minutes ago but we didn’t find each other.15. As a new comer, he thinks people in this modem city are very kind to him. Actually, they are f______ than he has expected. He feels very lucky.B. Complete the sentences with the proper forms of the given words(0.5%*15=7.5%)1. Welcome here once a year expecting a quiet and ________ holiday. (relax)2. We really made a wrong ______ to travel by plane on this foggy day.(decide)3. ______, they won’t be able to attend the ceremony since tickets have already been sold out. (fortunate)4. When travelling, some people prefer to stay in five-star hotels because they are safer and ______. (comfort)5. Some scientists believe that it was the change in the climate that caused the______ of dinosaurs millions of years ago.(appear)6. William Shakespeare wrote many famous plays and became one of the greatest ______ in history. (write)7. My cough seems to get _____ , so I have to see a doctor.Give her a hand! She is ______ in need of help to carry all the bags. (bad)8. Every year, thousands of ______ give excellent______ to visitors during the Edinburgh International Festival.(perform)9. The first job interview is ______ to most graduates. If so, you can take a deep breath to help yourself feel less______. (stress)10. The driver was already ______ on the way to the hospital and his ______ came as a terribleblow(打击) to the whole family. (die)VI. Complete the sentences with the right forms of the given verbs.(0.5%×10=5%)1.Theboy ________ (run)away from home last night. The police ____________ (look) everywhere for him at the moment.2.- _______ you_______ (watch) the movie Sheep Without a Shepherd last night?-No. but I _______(watch) it tonight. Do you want to watch it together?3. I_______(see) mg friends Judy and Nicol at the party last night. What a surprise! I _______ (think) they _______ (be) in New York, but they returned last week.4. We were talking loudly in study hall this afternoon, but as soon as the teacher _______ (come) into the classroom, all the students_______ (stop) _______ (do) their homework at once.VII. Choose a proper phrase to complete each sentence and change the form if necessary. There is an extra one. (1%×5=5%)1.Every time she feels that too much school work is going to drive her crazy, she______________.2.The woman _______ because she left her 2-year-old baby alone at home.3.Stop ______________, boys. your baby sister is sleeping upstairs.4.Jenny ______________ when she ______________ a bike, so she had to stay in hospital for a whole week.VIII. Complete each sentence according to the Chinese given. (0.5%×20=10%) 1.伊丽莎白一世是一位伟大的女王。
2019-2020年江苏省南京市南京外国语学校七年级上学期期末考试英语考试试卷(无听力)
南京外国语学校2019-2020学年度第一学期期末初一年级英语试题Ⅱ. Multiple choice(20%)21.—What cold weather!--Yes. But it’s unusual experience for us who always live in a hot city.A. an; anB. /; aC. /; anD. a; a22.They believe they can still do the work better than last time even if they have money and people.A. little; fewB. less; fewC. little; fewerD. less; fewer23.The business has been very good since I a bookstore last year. Now it every day from 8a.m. to 8p.m.A. opened; opensB. opened; is openC. was open; is openD. was open; opens24. That museum has a large collection of famous paintings, some of Picasso’s.A. includeB. includesC. includingD. included25.The biggest supermarket in town is not far away from my home. It’s just a walk.A. ten-minuteB. ten minutes’C. ten minutesD. ten minute’s26.I watched the World Cup in a bar last night and I home 1:00 in the morning.A. go; untilB. went; untilC. didn’t go; untilD. won’t go; until27.You look great red! This red coat is perfect you!A. on; inB. in; onC. in; inD. on; on28.Each of the items on the wall 100 yuan, but those in the window are not expensive. They each 20% off.A. is; areB. is; isC. are; areD. are; is29.Football is quite popular boys in Argentina. Some boys practice football with their friends every day after school.A. among; to playB. for; to playC. to; playingD. with; playing30.—Would you like fruit after dinner?--Thanks, but I seldom eat fruit when I am full.A. any; someB. some; anyC. some; someD. any; any31.To make your dream true, you need hard and never give up easily.A. comes; to workB. comes; workC. come; to workD. come; work32.—The boots look so nice, may I ?--Sure, here you are.A. try them onB. try it onC. try on itD. try them on33. Jim looks happy because he had a good mark in the Chinese exam.A. so; suchB. such; soC. so; soD. such; such34.60% of the wood we use from Australia. But in the fire which took place in November, 40% of the forests destroyed.A. comes; wereB. comes; wasC. come; wereD. come; was35.--will your father come back from Canada?--three days.A. How long; InB. How soon; InC. How long; AfterD. How soon; After36.It my parents nearly 2000 yuan every month to pay for my extra lessons, and I also spend a lot of time them.A. costs; onB. takes; onC. costs; inD. takes; in37.Parents always hope their children a happy and healthy life.A. to liveB. can liveC. livingD. should live38. Look at the elephant . It looks . What’s the matter?A. careful; angryB. careful; angrilyC. carefully; angrilyD. carefully; angry39.—You haven’t got a new bicycle, you?--Yes, I . I bought one yesterday.A. haven’t; haveB. don’t; doC. have; haveD. do; do40.—I always feel unhappy and worried, Kitty.--Let’s have a talk after school.A. Oh, right.B. Cool!C. I don’t believe it.D. poor you!III．Cloze Test(10%)Christmas is as important to British people as Spring Festival is to us. Every year on Dec 25, English people gather together to ___41___ this holiday.It is the most___42___ family gathering of the whole year.In the UK, people start preparing for Christmas soon after Halloween -even as__43____as the beginning of November! In every shop window I ___44____on my way to school, I see Santa decorations(装饰) , candy canes and presents. The whole of London is getting ready for ____45____.One tradition in the UK is to have an advent calendar(圣诞倒数日历). It has 24 little flaps(片状小门) that you can open starting from Dec1. There is a tiny ___46___behind each flap. It __47____ makeup, chocolate or stationery, depending on what kind of calendar you buy. You can open one flap each day ___48___you get to the last flap on the morning of Dec 25! This tradition ____49___ in the mid-19th century in Protestant areas in Germany.____50__interesting tradition began in 1954. Every November, London is lit up by thousands of decorative lights. The lights are shaped like the common symbols of Christmas, such as angels, reindeers and Christmas trees. It is a breathtaking sight from far away and it is wonderful how the colors create an atmosphere (氛围)of celebration.41. A. spend B. take C. celebrate D. congratulate42. A. ting B. boring C. difficult D. important43. A. soon B. early C. late D. fast44. A. pass B. go C. cross D. enter45. A. Thanksgiving B. New Year C. Christmas D. Halloween46. A. gift B. number C. picture D. letter47. A. must B. can C. should D. will48. A. by B. after C. before D. until49. A. set B. came C. began D. ended50. A. Other B. The other C. Another D. SomeIV. Reading comprehension(15%)AHave you ever heard the term "body image"? It refers to the way we see our own bodies and how we feel about them. Some people have a good body image—they know that while their bodies might not be pecfect, they are still healthy and happy.But many others—especially women—have a "broken" view of their bodies. They feel like they can never be skinny enough.I have seen this among my own female(女性的) friends. I often see them complain about their weight on my Wechat moments(微信朋友圈), even though they are already in good shape. I want to tell them to stop worrying and complaining, but it's not really my place to do that.This phenomenon(现象)has been a problem in the US and other countries for many years. But it seems to me that Chinese society places extra pressure on women to look perfect.Some of you may remember the"A4 challenge" of 2016. Women posted pictures of themselves online, comparing their waist( 腰部) to the width of a sheet of A4 printing paper. A4 sheets are only about 20 cm wide. For most people, that would mean that they are at an unhealthy weight.Unluckily, society and the media(媒体) will probably always promote(提倡) these kinds of strict beauty ideals. But the thing to remember is that as long as you are not extremely overweight or extremely skinny, you're probably in good health and are fine just the way you are.51. What does “ having a good body image” mean?A. You are satisfied with how you look.B. You are already in perfect shape.C. You are worried about your body shapeD. You feel like you can never be skinny enough.52. "This phenomenon" in Paragraph 4 refers to _________.A. “women are always in good shape”B. “women enjoy losing weight”C. “women always complain about their weight”D. “women love to post pictures on their Wechat moments”53. What does the author(作者)think of the “A4 challenge”?A. He thought it was fun.B. He disagreed with it.C. He wanted to take part in it.D. He was angry about it.54. What can we infer(推断) from the story？A. Strict beauty ideals should be promoted.B. Chinese society places very little pressure on women.C. Winning the “A4 challenge” means that you are healthy.D. There are some people who will never be satisfied with their bodies.55. What is the best title of this passage?A. A4 ChallengeB. Be Happy With YourselfC. Some People Have a Good Body ImageD. Some People Have a Broken View of Their BodiesBWhen you are busy with your schoolwork, you might find it tough to get enough sleep. We all know that not getting enough sleep is bad for our health. But it has been found that less sleep could even cause you to have fewer friends, the Guardian reported.According to researchers from the University of California, people who don't get enough sleep are less willing to socialize(社交)with others. They are simply too tired to go out.The researchers did a small study. They tested 18 young people who just had a good nights sleep as well as tested them again after a sleepless night. The participants watched videos of people with neutral (中性的)expressions walking toward them. When the person on the video gottoo"close"to them, they pushed a button (按钮)to stop the video, which recorded how close they allowed the person to get.The results showed that people kept the person at a distance of 60 percent further back if they hadn’t gotten enough sleep. They felt that their personal space was being invaded(侵占). But when the participants got a good night’s sleep, they allowed the person to get much closer to them.According to lead （领头）researcher Matthew Walker,the less sleep you get,the less you you want to socialize with others. In turn, other people may think you are weird and stay away from you. This can make you feel lonely and cause you to sleep even less. It becomes a vicious cycle(恶性循环). So if you want to be a more sociable and popular person，sleeping well might help. "One night of good sleep. makes you feel more outgoing and socially confident, " Walker told the Daily Mail.56.“When you are busy with your schoolwork, you might find it tough to get enough sleep.”What does this sentence mean?A. Students are too busy with their schoolwork.B. Students have too much stress to go to sleep.C. Students are not allowed to get enough sleep by their teachers and parents.D. Students are too busy with their schoolwork to have enough time to sleep57. Researchers from the University of Califomia believe that less sleep_____.A. makes school life harderB. is good for ones healthC. makes people less sociableD. causes people to become nervous58. How did the researchers prove their point?A. They did a study of 18 young people.B. They watched videos of sleepy people.C. They interviewed people on the street.D. they invited people to play a game.59. The underlined"participants " in Para 3 means_____.A.researchers from the university.B. people with neutral expressions.C. the tested young people.D. the sociable people.60. The media(媒体) mentioned in the passage are_____.A. the Guardian; WalkerB. the Guardian; the Daily MailC. the Daily Mail; the University of CaliforniaD. the Daily Mail; WalkerCFor more than 60 years, Lego(乐高)bricks have sparked children’s imaginations.Now, a new version of these toys is in the works. They're called Lego Braille Bricks.Lego Braille Bricks are designed to help people learn Braille. That’s a system of writing in which letters are represented by raised dots(凸起的点). Blind people(盲人)use their fingertips to read them. According to the World Health Organization,36million people worldwide are blind. In the United States,however,only ten percent of blind children learn Braille. Lego Braille Bricks can help change that,The small knobs on the bricks are arranged as Braille letters. Blind children can use these knobs to learn Braille. Lego plans to launch Braille bricks next year. For some schools，kits(成套工具) will be free.Each kit will contain about250 bricks. Along with the alphabet(字母表) the bricks will feature numbers and math symbols.The Danish Association of the Blind first came up with the idea of using Lego bricks to teach Braille. In 2011, the group shared the idea with the Lego Foundation.Thorkild Olesen is the president of the group. Olesen is blind. He says many teachers don’t have the tools and skills to help kids learn Braille. So they teach with audio tools,such as audio books."Like any other people, we need to express ourselves in writing, "Olesen said . “Audio is great. But it can never replace Braille. Braille is the single most important tool for us in order to learn to spell correctly and write.A. a new toy for blind childrenB. a new version of Lego bricksC. a writing system for blind people.D. a kind of book for blind peopleA. learn BrailleB. read and writeC. read all the books they likeD. play with all kinds of Lego Bricks63. Through Lego Braille Bricks, blind children can learn about different ideas Except___.A. ArtB. numbersC. math symbolsD. English letters64._____ first came up with the idea of Lego Braille Bricks.A. Thorkild OlesenB. The Lego CompanyC. The World Health OrganizationD. The Danish Association of the Blind65. Which of the following sentences is WRONG according to the article?A. In the US, one in ten blind children learn Braille.B. Lego will send Lego Braille Bricks to some schools for free.C. Lego Braille Bricks will help more blind children learn Braille.D. Many teachers are now teaching Braille with Lego Braille BricksV. VocabularyA. Complete each sentence with proper words. The first letter of each word is given.(0.5%×15=75%)1. For your own safety, please put on a h______ while you are riding a motorcycle. This may save your life at critical moments.2. I saw Michael walking on crutches(拐杖)yesterday. Do you know what h______to him?3. The traffic jam(塞车) along the highway is the result(结果) of a serious car a______, which involved 5 cars.4. I haven’t got my parcels yet. P______they are still at the post office. I'll go and check later this afternoon.5. Nowadays, many tourist spots in China are free to people a______ 70 or over.6. Steven was in a s______ of pleasure when he got the offer from Oxford University.7. Since experts have different ideas about a healthy diet, nowadays people are c______ about what they should eat to stay healthy.8. Britain, once known as "the empire on which the sun never sets"in history, c______ many areas in the world in the 19th century.9. In the past, people would buy different kinds of m______to make clothes instead of choosing ready-made ones.10. One day I was walking in the street. S______ I heard someone calling my name.1. There are too many people in the shop. Would you please stand in a line and wait for your t______?12. I was told to go to Shanghai for this interview. It was a very amusing affair. A______, I got the job.13. The Chinese a________ to the United States gave a speech about bilateral（双边的）trade at the meeting.14. It is not easy to pick up my friend at this crowded(拥挤的) railway station. She just walked p______ me five minutes ago but we didn’t find each other.15. As a new comer, he thinks people in this modem city are very kind to him. Actually, they are f______ than he has expected. He feels very lucky.B. Complete the sentences with the proper forms of the given words(0.5%*15=7.5%)1. Welcome here once a year expecting a quiet and ________ holiday. (relax)2. We really made a wrong ______ to travel by plane on this foggy day.(decide)3. ______, they won’t be able to attend the ceremony since tickets have already been sold out. (fortunate)4. When travelling, some people prefer to stay in five-star hotels because they are safer and ______. (comfort)5. Some scientists believe that it was the change in the climate that caused the______ of dinosaurs millions of years ago.(appear)6. William Shakespeare wrote many famous plays and became one of the greatest ______ in history. (write)7. My cough seems to get _____ , so I have to see a doctor.Give her a hand! She is ______ in need of help to carry all the bags. (bad)8. Every year, thousands of ______ give excellent______ to visitors during the Edinburgh International Festival.(perform)9. The first job interview is ______ to most graduates. If so, you can take a deep breath to help yourself feel less______. (stress)10. The driver was already ______ on the way to the hospital and his ______ came as a terribleblow(打击) to the whole family. (die)VI. Complete the sentences with the right forms of the given verbs.(0.5%×10=5%)1.Theboy ________ (run)away from home last night. The police ____________ (look) everywhere for him at the moment.2.- _______ you_______ (watch) the movie Sheep Without a Shepherd last night?-No. but I _______(watch) it tonight. Do you want to watch it together?3. I_______(see) mg friends Judy and Nicol at the party last night. What a surprise! I _______ (think) they _______ (be) in New York, but they returned last week.4. We were talking loudly in study hall this afternoon, but as soon as the teacher _______ (come) into the classroom, all the students_______ (stop) _______ (do) their homework at once.VII. Choose a proper phrase to complete each sentence and change the form if necessary. There is an extra one. (1%×5=5%)1.Every time she feels that too much school work is going to drive her crazy, she______________.2.The woman _______ because she left her 2-year-old baby alone at home.3.Stop ______________, boys. your baby sister is sleeping upstairs.4.Jenny ______________ when she ______________ a bike, so she had to stay in hospital for a whole week.VIII. Complete each sentence according to the Chinese given. (0.5%×20=10%) 1.伊丽莎白一世是一位伟大的女王。
南京外国语中学七年级上学期期末数学试题
南京外国语中学七年级上学期期末数学试题一、选择题1．下列每对数中，相等的一对是（ ） A ．（﹣1）3和﹣13 B ．﹣（﹣1）2和12 C ．（﹣1）4和﹣14D ．﹣|﹣13|和﹣（﹣1）32．在0，1-， 2.5-，3这四个数中，最小的数是（ ） A ．0B ．1-C ． 2.5-D ．33．如图，直线AB 与直线CD 相交于点O ,40BOD ∠=︒ ,若过点O 作OE AB ⊥,则COE ∠的度数为( )A ．50︒B ．130︒C ．50︒或90︒D ．50︒或130︒ 4．下列选项中，运算正确的是（ ） A ．532x x -= B ．2ab ab ab -= C ．23a a a -+=-D ．235a b ab +=5．有一个数值转换器，流程如下：当输入x 的值为64时，输出y 的值是（ ） A ．2B ．2C 2D 326．计算：31﹣1=2，32﹣1=8，33﹣1=26，34﹣1=80，35﹣1=242，…，归纳各计算结果中的个位数字的规律，猜测32018﹣1的个位数字是（ ） A ．2 B ．8C ．6D ．07．若x=﹣13，y=4，则代数式3x+y ﹣3xy 的值为（ ） A ．﹣7 B ．﹣1 C ．9 D ．7 8．已知单项式2x 3y 1+2m 与3x n +1y 3的和是单项式，则m ﹣n 的值是（ ） A ．3B ．﹣3C ．1D ．﹣19．观察下列算式，用你所发现的规律得出22015的末位数字是（ ） 21=2，22=4，23=8，24=16，25=32，26=64，27=128，28=256，…． A ．2B ．4C ．6D ．810．若-4x2y和-23x m y n是同类项，则m，n的值分别是( )A．m=2,n=1 B．m=2,n=0 C．m=4,n=1 D．m=4，n=011．按如图所示图形中的虚线折叠可以围成一个棱柱的是（）A．B．C．D．12．如图是一个正方体的平面展开图，把展开图折叠成正方体后，“美”字一面相对面上的字是（）A．设B．和C．中D．山13．下列调查中，调查方式选择正确的是( )A．为了了解1 000个灯泡的使用寿命，选择全面调查B．为了了解某公园全年的游客流量，选择抽样调查C．为了了解生产的一批炮弹的杀伤半径，选择全面调查D．为了了解一批袋装食品是否含有防腐剂，选择全面调查14．下列图形中，哪一个是正方体的展开图（）A．B．C．D．15．某中学为检查七年级学生的视力情况，对七年级全体300名学生进行了体检，并制作了如图所示的扇形统计图，由该图可以看出七年级学生视力不良的学生有（）A．45人B．120人C．135人D．165人二、填空题16．苹果的单价为a元/千克，香蕉的单价为b元/千克，买2千克苹果和3千克香蕉共需____元．17．甲、乙两地海拔高度分别为20米和﹣9米，那么甲地比乙地高_____米． 18．根据下列图示的对话，则代数式2a +2b ﹣3c +2m 的值是_____．19．一个商店把某件商品按进价提高20%作为定价，可是总卖不出去；后来按定价减价20%出售，很快卖掉，结果这次生意亏了4元．那么这件商品的进价是________元． 20．如图，将一张长方形纸片分別沿着EP ，FP 对折，使点B 落在点B ，点C 落在点C ′．若点P ，B ′，C ′不在一条直线上，且两条折痕的夹角∠EPF ＝85°，则∠B ′PC ′＝_____．21．如图，这是一种数值转换机的运算程序，若第一次输入的数为7，则第2018次输出的数是_____；若第一次输入的数为x ，使第2次输出的数也是x ，则x ＝_____．22．在日常生活中如取款、上网等都需要密码，有一种用“因式分解法”产生的密码，方便记忆，原理是对于多项44x y -，因式分解的结果是()()()22x y x y x y-++，若取9x =，9y =时，则各个因式的值是：()18x y +=，()0x y -=，()22162x y +=，于是就可以把“180162”作为一个六位数的密码，对于多项式324x xy -，取36x =，16y =时，用上述方法产生的密码是________ (写出一个即可).23．如图所示，ABC 90∠=，CBD 30∠=，BP 平分ABD.∠则ABP ∠=______度.24．建筑工人在砌墙时，为了使砌的墙是直的，经常在两个墙脚的位置分别插一根木桩，然后拉一条直的细线绳作参照线.这样做的依据是：____________________________； 25．若2a +1与212a +互为相反数，则a ＝_____． 26．用度、分、秒表示24.29°＝_____．27．已知7635a ∠=︒'，则a ∠的补角为______°______′. 28．若2a ﹣b=4，则整式4a ﹣2b+3的值是______．29．设一列数中相邻的三个数依次为m ，n ，p ，且满足p=m 2﹣n ，若这列数为﹣1，3，﹣2，a ，b ，128…，则b=________.30．a ※b 是新规定的这样一种运算法则：a ※b ＝a ﹣b+2ab ，若（﹣2）※3＝_____．三、压轴题31．如图，已知数轴上有三点 A ，B ，C ，若用 AB 表示 A ，B 两点的距离，AC 表示 A ，C 两点的 距离，且 BC = 2 AB ，点 A 、点C 对应的数分别是a 、c ，且| a - 20 | + | c +10 |= 0 .（1）若点 P ，Q 分别从 A ，C 两点同时出发向右运动，速度分别为 2 个单位长度/秒、5个单位长度/ 秒，则运动了多少秒时，Q 到 B 的距离与 P 到 B 的距离相等？（2）若点 P ，Q 仍然以（1）中的速度分别从 A ，C 两点同时出发向右运动，2 秒后，动点 R 从 A 点出发向左运动，点 R 的速度为1个单位长度/秒，点 M 为线段 PR 的中点，点 N 为线段 RQ 的中点，点R 运动了x 秒时恰好满足 MN + AQ = 25，请直接写出x 的值. 32．已知AOD α∠=，OB 、OC 、OM 、ON 是AOD ∠内的射线．(1)如图1，当160α=︒，若OM 平分AOB ∠，ON 平分BOD ∠，求MON ∠的大小； (2)如图2，若OM 平分AOC ∠，ON 平分BOD ∠，20BOC ∠=︒，60MON ∠=︒，求α．33．综合与探究问题背景数学活动课上，老师将一副三角尺按图（1）所示位置摆放，分别作出∠AOC ，∠BOD 的平分线OM 、ON ，然后提出如下问题：求出∠MON 的度数． 特例探究“兴趣小组”的同学决定从特例入手探究老师提出的问题，他们将三角尺分别按图2、图3所示的方式摆放，OM 和ON 仍然是∠AOC 和∠BOD 的角平分线．其中，按图2方式摆放时，可以看成是ON 、OD 、OB 在同一直线上．按图3方式摆放时，∠AOC 和∠BOD 相等．（1）请你帮助“兴趣小组”进行计算：图2中∠MON 的度数为 °．图3中∠MON 的度数为 °． 发现感悟解决完图2，图3所示问题后，“兴趣小组”又对图1所示问题进行了讨论： 小明：由于图1中∠AOC 和∠BOD 的和为90°，所以我们容易得到∠MOC 和∠NOD 的和，这样就能求出∠MON 的度数．小华：设∠BOD 为x °，我们就能用含x 的式子分别表示出∠NOD 和∠MOC 度数，这样也能求出∠MON 的度数．（2）请你根据他们的谈话内容，求出图1中∠MON 的度数． 类比拓展受到“兴趣小组”的启发，“智慧小组”将三角尺按图4所示方式摆放，分别作出∠AOC 、∠BOD 的平分线OM 、ON ，他们认为也能求出∠MON 的度数．（3）你同意“智慧小组”的看法吗？若同意，求出∠MON 的度数；若不同意，请说明理由．34．如图，在数轴上的A 1，A 2，A 3，A 4，……A 20，这20个点所表示的数分别是a 1，a 2，a 3，a 4，……a 20．若A 1A 2＝A 2A 3＝……＝A 19A 20，且a 3＝20，|a 1﹣a 4|＝12．（1）线段A 3A 4的长度＝ ；a 2＝ ； （2）若|a 1﹣x |＝a 2+a 4，求x 的值；（3）线段MN 从O 点出发向右运动，当线段MN 与线段A 1A 20开始有重叠部分到完全没有重叠部分经历了9秒．若线段MN ＝5，求线段MN 的运动速度．35．东东在研究数学问题时遇到一个定义：将三个已经排好顺序数：x 1，x 2，x 3，称为数列x 1，x 2，x 3．计算|x 1|，122x x +，1233x x x ++，将这三个数的最小值称为数列x 1，x 2，x 3的最佳值．例如，对于数列2，-1，3，因为|2|=2，()212+-=12，()2133+-+=43，所以数列2，-1，3的最佳值为12． 东东进一步发现：当改变这三个数的顺序时，所得到的数列都可以按照上述方法计算其相应的最佳值．如数列-1，2，3的最佳值为12；数列3，-1，2的最佳值为1；…．经过研究，东东发现，对于“2，-1，3”这三个数，按照不同的排列顺序得到的不同数列中，最佳值的最小值为12．根据以上材料，回答下列问题：（1）数列-4，-3，1的最佳值为（2）将“-4，-3，2”这三个数按照不同的顺序排列，可得到若干个数列，这些数列的最佳值的最小值为 ，取得最佳值最小值的数列为 （写出一个即可）；（3）将2，-9，a （a ＞1）这三个数按照不同的顺序排列，可得到若干个数列．若这些数列的最佳值为1，求a 的值．36．已知多项式3x 6﹣2x 2﹣4的常数项为a ，次数为b ．（1）设a 与b 分别对应数轴上的点A 、点B ，请直接写出a ＝ ，b ＝ ，并在数轴上确定点A 、点B 的位置；（2）在（1）的条件下，点P 以每秒2个单位长度的速度从点A 向B 运动，运动时间为t 秒：①若PA ﹣PB ＝6，求t 的值，并写出此时点P 所表示的数；②若点P 从点A 出发，到达点B 后再以相同的速度返回点A ，在返回过程中，求当OP ＝3时，t 为何值？37．如图，在数轴上从左往右依次有四个点,,,A B C D ，其中点,,A B C 表示的数分别是0,3,10，且2CD AB =.(1)点D 表示的数是 ；（直接写出结果）(2)线段AB 以每秒2个单位长度的速度沿数轴向右运动，同时线段CD 以每秒1个单位长度的速度沿数轴向左运动，设运动时间是t （秒），当两条线段重叠部分是2个单位长度时. ①求t 的值;②线段AB 上是否存在一点P ，满足3BD PA PC -=?若存在，求出点P 表示的数x ；若不存在，请说明理由.38．问题一：如图1，已知A ，C 两点之间的距离为16 cm ，甲，乙两点分别从相距3cm 的A ，B 两点同时出发到C 点，若甲的速度为8 cm/s ，乙的速度为6 cm/s ，设乙运动时间为x （s ）， 甲乙两点之间距离为y （cm ）． (1)当甲追上乙时，x = ． (2)请用含x 的代数式表示y ． 当甲追上乙前，y = ；当甲追上乙后，甲到达C 之前，y = ； 当甲到达C 之后，乙到达C 之前，y = ．问题二：如图2，若将上述线段AC 弯曲后视作钟表外围的一部分，线段AB 正好对应钟表上的弧AB （1小时的间隔），易知∠AOB=30°．(1)分针OD 指向圆周上的点的速度为每分钟转动 cm ；时针OE 指向圆周上的点的速度为每分钟转动 cm ．(2)若从4：00起计时，求几分钟后分针与时针第一次重合．【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题 1．A 解析：A 【解析】 【分析】根据乘方和绝对值的性质对各个选项进行判断即可. 【详解】A.(﹣1)3＝﹣1=﹣13，相等；B.﹣(﹣1)2＝﹣1≠12＝1，不相等；C.(﹣1)4＝1≠﹣14＝﹣1，不相等；D. ﹣|﹣13|＝﹣1≠﹣(﹣1)3＝1，不相等. 故选A.2．C解析：C 【解析】 【分析】由题意先根据有理数的大小比较法则比较大小，再选出选项即可． 【详解】解：∵ 2.5-<1-<0<3, ∴最小的数是 2.5-， 故选：C ． 【点睛】本题考查有理数的大小比较的应用，主要考查学生的比较能力，注意正数都大于0，负数都小于0，正数大于一切负数，两个负数比较大小，其绝对值大的反而小．3．D解析：D 【解析】 【分析】由题意分两种情况过点O 作OE AB ⊥,利用垂直定义以及对顶角相等进行分析计算得出选项. 【详解】解：过点O 作OE AB ⊥,如图：由40BOD ∠=︒可知40AOC ∠=︒，从而由垂直定义求得COE ∠=90°-40°或90°+40°，即有COE ∠的度数为50︒或130︒. 故选D. 【点睛】本题考查了垂直定义以及对顶角的应用，主要考查学生的计算能力．4．B解析：B 【解析】 【分析】根据整式的加减法法则即可得答案. 【详解】A.5x-3x=2x ，故该选项计算错误，不符合题意，B.2ab ab ab -=，计算正确，符合题意，C.-2a+3a=a ，故该选项计算错误，不符合题意，D.2a 与3b 不是同类项，不能合并，故该选项计算错误，不符合题意， 故选：B. 【点睛】本题考查整式的加减，熟练掌握合并同类项法则是解题关键.5．C解析：C 【解析】 【分析】把64代入转换器，根据要求计算，得到输出的数值即可.，是有理数，∴继续转换，，是有理数，∴继续转换，∵2，是无理数，∴输出，故选：C.【点睛】本题考查的是算术平方根的概念和性质，一个正数的平方根有两个，正的平方根是这个数的算术平方根；注意有理数和无理数的区别.6．B解析：B【解析】【分析】由31﹣1=2，32﹣1=8，33﹣1=26，34﹣1=80，35﹣1=242，…得出末尾数字以2，8，6，0四个数字不断循环出现，由此用2018除以4看得出的余数确定个位数字即可．【详解】∵2018÷4=504…2，∴32018﹣1的个位数字是8，故选B．【点睛】本题考查了尾数的特征，关键是能根据题意得出个位数字循环的规律是解决问题的关键．7．D解析：D【解析】【分析】将x与y的值代入原式即可求出答案．【详解】当x=﹣13，y=4，∴原式=﹣1+4+4=7故选D．【点睛】本题考查代数式求值，解题的关键是熟练运用有理数运算法则，本题属于基础题型．8．D解析：D【解析】根据同类项的概念，首先求出m 与n 的值，然后求出m n -的值． 【详解】 解：单项式3122mx y+与133n xy +的和是单项式，3122m x y +∴与133n x y +是同类项， 则13123n m +=⎧⎨+=⎩∴12m n =⎧⎨=⎩， 121m n ∴-=-=-故选：D ． 【点睛】本题主要考查同类项，掌握同类项定义中的两个“相同”：（1）所含字母相同；（2）相同字母的指数相同，从而得出m ，n 的值是解题的关键．9．D解析：D 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】解：∵21=2，22=4，23=8，24=16，25=32，26=64，27=128，28=256，…． 2015÷4=503…3，∴22015的末位数字和23的末位数字相同，是8． 故选D ． 【点睛】本题考查数字类的规律探索．10．A解析：A 【解析】根据同类项的相同字母的指数相同可直接得出答案． 解：由题意得： m=2，n=1． 故选A ．11．C解析：C 【解析】 【分析】利用棱柱的展开图中两底面的位置对A 、D 进行判断；根据侧面的个数与底面多边形的边数相同对B 、C 进行判断．棱柱的两个底面展开后在侧面展开图相对的两边上，所以A、D选项错误；当底面为三角形时，则棱柱有三个侧面，所以B选项错误，C选项正确．故选：C．【点睛】本题考查了棱柱的展开图：通过结合立体图形与平面图形的相互转化，去理解和掌握几何体的展开图，要注意多从实物出发，然后再从给定的图形中辨认它们能否折叠成给定的立体图形．12．A解析：A【解析】【分析】正方体的表面展开图，相对的面之间一定相隔一个正方形，根据这一特点作答．【详解】解：正方体的表面展开图，相对的面之间一定相隔一个正方形，“美”与“设”是相对面，“和”与“中”是相对面，“建”与“山”是相对面．故选：A．【点睛】本题主要考查了正方体相对两个面上的文字，注意正方体的空间图形，从相对面入手，分析及解答问题．13．B解析：B【解析】选项A、C、D，了解1000个灯泡的使用寿命，了解生产的一批炮弹的杀伤半径，了解一批袋装食品是否含有防腐剂，都是具有破坏性的调查，无法进行普查，不适于全面调查，适用于抽样调查．选项B，了解某公园全年的游客流量，工作量大，时间长，需要用抽样调查．故选B．14．D解析：D【解析】【分析】根据由平面图形的折叠及立体图形的表面展开图的特点解题.【详解】解:A、能围成正方体的4个侧面,但.上、下底面不能围成，故不是正方体的展开图;B、C、四个面连在了起不能折成正方体，故不是正方体的展开图;D、是“141"型,所以D是正方体的表面展开图.故答案是D.本题考查正方体的表面展开图及空间想象能力,熟练掌握正方体的展开图是解决本题的关键.15．D解析：D【解析】试题解析：由题意可得：视力不良所占的比例为：40%+15%=55%，视力不良的学生数：300×55%=165（人）.故选D.二、填空题16．【解析】【分析】用单价乘数量得出买2千克苹果和3千克香蕉的总价，再进一步相加即可．【详解】买单价为a 元的苹果2千克用去2a 元，买单价为b 元的香蕉3千克用去3b 元， 共用去：(2a+3b)元解析：(23)a b【解析】【分析】用单价乘数量得出买2千克苹果和3千克香蕉的总价，再进一步相加即可．【详解】买单价为a 元的苹果2千克用去2a 元，买单价为b 元的香蕉3千克用去3b 元，共用去：(2a +3b )元．故选C.【点睛】此题主要考查了列代数式，解决问题的关键是读懂题意，找到所求的量的等量关系．17．【解析】【分析】根据题意可得20﹣（﹣9），再根据有理数的减法法则进行计算即可．【详解】解：20﹣（﹣9）＝20+9＝29，故答案为：29．【点睛】此题主要考查了有理数的减法，关键是解析：【解析】【分析】根据题意可得20﹣（﹣9），再根据有理数的减法法则进行计算即可．【详解】解：20﹣（﹣9）＝20+9＝29，故答案为：29．【点睛】此题主要考查了有理数的减法，关键是掌握减去一个数，等于加上这个数的相反数．18．﹣3或5．【解析】【分析】根据相反数，倒数，以及绝对值的代数意义求出各自的值，代入计算即可求出值．【详解】解：根据题意得：a+b＝0，c＝﹣，m＝2或﹣2，当m＝2时，原式＝2（a+b）解析：﹣3或5．【解析】【分析】根据相反数，倒数，以及绝对值的代数意义求出各自的值，代入计算即可求出值．【详解】解：根据题意得：a+b＝0，c＝﹣13，m＝2或﹣2，当m＝2时，原式＝2（a+b）﹣3c+2m＝1+4＝5；当m＝﹣2时，原式＝2（a+b）﹣3c+2m＝1﹣4＝﹣3，综上，代数式的值为﹣3或5，故答案为：﹣3或5．【点睛】此题考查了代数式求值，熟练掌握运算法则是解本题的关键．19．100【解析】根据题意可得关于x的方程，求解可得商品的进价．解：根据题意：设未知进价为x，可得：x•（1+20%）•（1-20%）=96解得：x=100；解析：100【解析】根据题意可得关于x的方程，求解可得商品的进价．解：根据题意：设未知进价为x，可得：x•（1+20%）•（1-20%）=96解得：x=100；20．10°．【解析】【分析】由对称性得：∠BPE=∠B′PE，∠CPF=∠C′PF，再根据角的和差关系，可得∠B′PE+∠C′PF=∠B′PC′+85°，再代入2∠B′PE+2∠C′PF-∠B′P解析：10°．【解析】【分析】由对称性得：∠BPE=∠B′PE，∠CPF=∠C′PF，再根据角的和差关系，可得∠B′PE+∠C′PF=∠B′PC′+85°，再代入2∠B′PE+2∠C′PF-∠B′PC′=180°计算即可．【详解】解：由对称性得：∠BPE＝∠B′PE，∠CPF＝∠C′PF，∴2∠B′PE+2∠C′PF﹣∠B′PC′＝180°，即2（∠B′PE+∠C′PF）﹣∠B′PC′＝180°，又∵∠EPF＝∠B′PE+∠C′PF﹣∠B′PC′＝85°，∴∠B′PE+∠C′PF＝∠B′PC′+85°，∴2（∠B′PC′+85°）﹣∠B′PC′＝180°，解得∠B′PC′＝10°．故答案为：10°．【点睛】此题考查了角的计算，以及折叠的性质，熟练掌握折叠的性质是解本题的关键．21．2； 0或3或6【解析】【分析】先计算出前6次输出结果，据此得出循环规律，从而得出答案；根据数值转换机的运算程序，求出所有x的值，使得输入的数和第2次输出的数相等即可．【详解】解析：2； 0或3或6【解析】【分析】先计算出前6次输出结果，据此得出循环规律，从而得出答案；根据数值转换机的运算程序，求出所有x的值，使得输入的数和第2次输出的数相等即可．【详解】解：∵第1次输出的结果为7+3＝10，第2次输出的结果为12×10＝5，第3次输出结果为5+3＝8，第4次输出结果为12×8＝4，第5次输出结果为12×4＝2，第6次输出结果为12×2＝1，第7次输出结果为1+3＝4，第8次输出结果为12×4＝2，……∴输出结果除去前3个数后，每3个数为一个周期循环，∵（2018﹣3）÷3＝671…2，∴第2018次输出的数是2，如图，若x＝14x，则x＝0；若x＝12x+3，则x＝6；若x＝12（x+3），则x＝3；故答案为：2、0或3或6．【点睛】此题主要考查了代数式求值问题，要熟练掌握，求代数式的值可以直接代入、计算．如果给出的代数式可以化简，要先化简再求值．题型简单总结以下三种：①已知条件不化简，所给代数式化简；②已知条件化简，所给代数式不化简；③已知条件和所给代数式都要化简．22．36684或36468或68364或68436或43668或46836等(写出一个即可) 【解析】【分析】首先对多项式进行因式分解,然后把字母的值代入求得各个因式,从而写出密码=x(解析：36684或36468或68364或68436或43668或46836等(写出一个即可) 【解析】【分析】首先对多项式进行因式分解,然后把字母的值代入求得各个因式,从而写出密码【详解】324x xy -=x(x+2y)(x-2y).当x=36,y=16时,x+2y=36+32=68x-2y=36-32=4.则密码是36684或36468或68364或68436或43668或46836故答案为36684或36468或68364或68436或43668或46836【点睛】此题考查因式分解的应用，解题关键在于把字母的值代入23．60【解析】【分析】本题是对平分线的性质的考查，角平分线的性质是将两个角分成相等的两个角因为BP 平分 ，所以只要求 的度数即可．【详解】解：，，，平分，．故答案为60．【点睛】解析：60【解析】【分析】本题是对平分线的性质的考查，角平分线的性质是将两个角分成相等的两个角因为BP 平分ABD ∠ ，所以只要求ABD ∠ 的度数即可．【详解】解：ABC 90∠=，CBD 30∠=，ABD 120∠∴=，BP 平分ABD ∠，ABP 60∠∴=．【点睛】角平分线的性质是将两个角分成相等的两个角角平分线的性质在求角中经常用到．24．两点确定一条直线．【解析】【分析】根据两点确定一条直线解析即可．【详解】建筑工人砌墙时，经常在两个墙脚的位置分别插一根木桩，然后拉一条直的参照线，这种做法用几何知识解释应是：两点确定一条直解析：两点确定一条直线．【解析】【分析】根据两点确定一条直线解析即可．【详解】建筑工人砌墙时，经常在两个墙脚的位置分别插一根木桩，然后拉一条直的参照线，这种做法用几何知识解释应是：两点确定一条直线．故答案为：两点确定一条直线．【点睛】考核知识点：两点确定一条直线．理解课本基本公理即可.25．﹣1【解析】【分析】利用相反数的性质列出方程，求出方程的解即可得到a的值．【详解】根据题意得：去分母得：a+2+2a+1=0，移项合并得：3a=﹣3，解得：a=﹣1，故答案为：解析：﹣1【解析】【分析】利用相反数的性质列出方程，求出方程的解即可得到a的值．【详解】根据题意得：a2a110 22+++=去分母得：a+2+2a+1=0，移项合并得：3a=﹣3，解得：a=﹣1，故答案为：﹣1【点睛】本题考查了解一元一次方程的应用、解一元一次方程，掌握解一元一次方程的一般步骤是：去分母、去括号、移项、合并同类项、化系数为1，是解题的关键，此外还需注意移项要变号．26．【解析】【分析】进行度、分、秒的转化运算，注意以60为进制．【详解】根据角的换算可得24.29°＝24°+0.29×60′＝24°+17.4′＝24°+17′+0.4×60″＝24°17′︒'"解析：241724【解析】【分析】进行度、分、秒的转化运算，注意以60为进制．【详解】根据角的换算可得24.29°＝24°+0.29×60′＝24°+17.4′＝24°+17′+0.4×60″＝24°17′24″．故答案为24°17′24″．【点睛】此类题是进行度、分、秒的转化运算，相对比较简单，注意以60为进制．27．25【解析】【分析】根据补角的概念，两个角加起来等于180°，就是互为补角，即可求解.【详解】的补角为故答案为103；25.【点睛】此题主要考查补角的求解，熟练掌握，即可解题解析：25【解析】【分析】根据补角的概念，两个角加起来等于180°，就是互为补角，即可求解.【详解】a ∠的补角为180762313550'='︒-︒︒故答案为103；25.【点睛】此题主要考查补角的求解，熟练掌握，即可解题.28．11【解析】【分析】对整式变形得，再将2a ﹣b=4整体代入即可.【详解】解：∵2a ﹣b=4，∴=，故答案为：11.【点睛】本题考查代数式求值——已知式子的值，求代数式的值.能根据已解析：11【解析】【分析】对整式423a b -+变形得2(2)3a b -+，再将2a ﹣b=4整体代入即可.【详解】解：∵2a ﹣b=4，∴423a b -+=2(2)324311a b -+=⨯+=，故答案为：11.【点睛】本题考查代数式求值——已知式子的值，求代数式的值.能根据已知条件对代数式进行适当变形是解决此题的关键.29．-7【解析】【分析】先根据题意求出a 的值，再依此求出b 的值.【详解】解：根据题意得：a=32-（-2）=11，则b=(-2)2-11=-7．故答案为：-7.【点睛】本题考查探索与表解析：-7【解析】【分析】先根据题意求出a的值，再依此求出b的值.【详解】解：根据题意得：a=32-（-2）=11，则b=(-2)2-11=-7．故答案为：-7.【点睛】本题考查探索与表达规律——数字类规律探究. 熟练掌握变化规律，根据题意求出a和b是解决问题的关键．30．-17【解析】【分析】根据题中的新定义将所求式子化为算式-2-3+2×（-2）×3，计算即可得到结果．【详解】∵a※b＝a﹣b+2ab，∴（﹣2）※3＝﹣2﹣3+2×（﹣2）×3＝﹣解析：-17【解析】【分析】根据题中的新定义将所求式子化为算式-2-3+2×（-2）×3，计算即可得到结果．【详解】∵a※b＝a﹣b+2ab，∴（﹣2）※3＝﹣2﹣3+2×（﹣2）×3＝﹣2﹣3﹣12＝﹣17．故答案为：﹣17．【点睛】此题考查了有理数的混合运算，属于新定义题型，弄清题中的新定义是解本题的关键．三、压轴题31．（1）107秒或10秒；（2）1413或11413．【解析】【分析】（1）由绝对值的非负性可求出a，c的值，设点B对应的数为b，结合BC = 2 AB，求出b 的值，当运动时间为t秒时，分别表示出点P、点Q对应的数，根据“Q到B的距离与P 到B的距离相等”列方程求解即可；（2）当点R运动了x秒时，分别表示出点P、点Q、点R对应的数为，得出AQ的长，由中点的定义表示出点M、点N对应的数，求出MN的长．根据MN+AQ=25列方程，分三种情况讨论即可．【详解】（1）∵|a-20|+|c+10|=0，∴a-20=0，c+10=0，∴a=20，c=﹣10．设点B对应的数为b．∵BC=2AB，∴b﹣（﹣10）=2（20﹣b）．解得：b=10．当运动时间为t秒时，点P对应的数为20+2t，点Q对应的数为﹣10+5t．∵Q到B的距离与P到B的距离相等，∴|﹣10+5t﹣10|=|20+2t﹣10|，即5t﹣20=10+2t或20﹣5t=10+2t，解得：t=10或t=107．答：运动了107秒或10秒时，Q到B的距离与P到B的距离相等．（2）当点R运动了x秒时，点P对应的数为20+2（x+2）=2x+24，点Q对应的数为﹣10+5（x+2）=5x，点R对应的数为20﹣x，∴AQ=|5x﹣20|．∵点M为线段PR的中点，点N为线段RQ的中点，∴点M对应的数为224202x x++-=442x+，点N对应的数为2052x x-+=2x+10，∴MN=|442x+﹣（2x+10）|=|12﹣1.5x|．∵MN+AQ=25，∴|12﹣1.5x|+|5x﹣20|=25．分三种情况讨论：①当0＜x＜4时，12﹣1.5x+20﹣5x=25，解得：x=14 13；当4≤x≤8时，12﹣1.5x+5x﹣20=25，解得：x=667＞8，不合题意，舍去；当x ＞8时，1.5x ﹣12+5x ﹣20=25，解得：x 31141 ． 综上所述：x 的值为1413或11413． 【点睛】本题考查了一元一次方程的应用、数轴、绝对值的非负性以及两点间的距离，找准等量关系，正确列出一元一次方程是解题的关键．32．（1）80°；（2）140°【解析】【分析】（1）根据角平分线的定义得∠BOM=12∠AOB ，∠BON=12∠BOD ，再根据角的和差得∠AOD=∠AOB+∠BOD ，∠MON=∠BOM+∠BON ，结合三式求解；（2）根据角平分线的定义∠MOC=12∠AOC ，∠BON=12∠BOD ，再根据角的和差得∠AOD=∠AOC+∠BOD-∠BOC ，∠MON=∠MOC+∠BON-∠BOC 结合三式求解.【详解】解：（1）∵OM 平分∠AOB ，ON 平分∠BOD ，∴∠BOM=12∠AOB ，∠BON=12∠BOD ， ∴∠MON=∠BOM+∠BON=12∠AOB+12∠BOD=12(∠AOB+∠BOD). ∵∠AOD=∠AOB+∠BOD=α=160°，∴∠MON=12×160°=80°； （2）∵OM 平分∠AOC ，ON 平分∠BOD ，∴∠MOC=12∠AOC ，∠BON=12∠BOD ， ∵∠MON=∠MOC+∠BON-∠BOC ，∴∠MON=12∠AOC+12∠BOD -∠BOC=12(∠AOC+∠BOD )-∠BOC. ∵∠AOD=∠AOB+∠BOD ，∠AOC=∠AOB+∠BOC, ∴∠MON=12(∠AOB+∠BOC+∠BOD )-∠BOC=12(∠AOD+∠BOC )-∠BOC ， ∵∠AOD=α，∠MON=60°,∠BOC=20°,∴60°=12(α+20°)-20°, ∴α=140°.【点睛】本题考查了角的和差计算，角平分线的定义，明确角之间的关系是解答此题的关键.33．（1）135，135；（2）∠MON＝135°；（3）同意，∠MON＝（90°﹣12x°）+x°+（45°﹣12x°）＝135°.【解析】【分析】（1）由题意可得，∠MON＝12×90°+90°，∠MON＝12∠AOC+12∠BOD+∠COD，即可得出答案；（2）根据“OM和ON是∠AOC和∠BOD的角平分线”可求出∠MOC+∠NOD，又∠MON ＝（∠MOC+∠NOD）+∠COD，即可得出答案；（3）设∠BOC＝x°，则∠AOC＝180°﹣x°，∠BOD＝90°﹣x°，进而求出∠MOC和∠BON，又∠MON＝∠MOC+∠BOC+∠BON，即可得出答案.【详解】解：（1）图2中∠MON＝12×90°+90°＝135°；图3中∠MON＝1 2∠AOC+12∠BOD+∠COD＝12（∠AOC+∠BOD）+90°＝1290°+90°＝135°；故答案为：135，135；（2）∵∠COD＝90°，∴∠AOC+∠BOD＝180°﹣∠COD＝90°，∵OM和ON是∠AOC和∠BOD的角平分线，∴∠MOC+∠NOD＝12∠AOC+12∠BOD＝12（∠AOC+∠BOD）＝45°，∴∠MON＝（∠MOC+∠NOD）+∠COD＝45°+90°＝135°；（3）同意，设∠BOC＝x°，则∠AOC＝180°﹣x°，∠BOD＝90°﹣x°，∵OM和ON是∠AOC和∠BOD的角平分线，∴∠MOC＝12∠AOC＝12（180°﹣x°）＝90°﹣12x°，∠BON＝12∠BOD＝12（90°﹣x°）＝45°﹣12x°，∴∠MON＝∠MOC+∠BOC+∠BON＝（90°﹣12x°）+x°+（45°﹣12x°）＝135°．【点睛】本题考查的是对角度关系及运算的灵活运用和掌握，此类问题的练习有利于学生更好的对角进行理解.34．（1）4，16；（2）x＝﹣28或x＝52；（3）线段MN的运动速度为9单位长度/秒．【解析】【分析】（1）由A1A2＝A2A3＝……＝A19A20结合|a1﹣a4|＝12可求出A3A4的值，再由a3＝20可求出a2＝16；（2）由（1）可得出a1＝12，a2＝16，a4＝24，结合|a1﹣x|＝a2+a4可得出关于x的含绝对值符号的一元一次方程，解之即可得出结论；（3）由（1）可得出A1A20＝19A3A4＝76，设线段MN的运动速度为v单位/秒，根据路程＝速度×时间（类似火车过桥问题），即可得出关于v的一元一次方程，解之即可得出结论．【详解】解：（1）∵A1A2＝A2A3＝……＝A19A20，|a1﹣a4|＝12，∴3A3A4＝12，∴A3A4＝4．又∵a3＝20，∴a2＝a3﹣4＝16．故答案为：4；16．（2）由（1）可得：a1＝12，a2＝16，a4＝24，∴a2+a4＝40．又∵|a1﹣x|＝a2+a4，∴|12﹣x|＝40，∴12﹣x＝40或12﹣x＝﹣40，解得：x＝﹣28或x＝52．（3）根据题意可得：A1A20＝19A3A4＝76．设线段MN的运动速度为v单位/秒，依题意，得：9v＝76+5，解得：v＝9．答：线段MN的运动速度为9单位长度/秒．【点睛】本题考查了一元一次方程的应用、数轴、两点间的距离以及规律性：图形的变化类，解题的关键是：（1）由相邻线段长度相等求出线段A3A4的长度及a2的值；（2）由（1）的结论，找出关于x的含绝对值符号的一元一次方程；（3）找准等量关系，正确列出一元一次方程．35．（1）3；（2）12；-3，2，-4或2，-3，-4．（3）a=11或4或10．【解析】【分析】（1）根据上述材料给出的方法计算其相应的最佳值为即可；（2）按照三个数不同的顺序排列算出最佳值，由计算可以看出，要求得这些数列的最佳值。
2022-2023南京外国语高三物理期末考试试题及答案
南京外国语学校2022—2023学年度第一学期期末高三年级物理检测注意事项：1.本试卷满分100分，考试用时75分钟．2.所有试题的答案均要写在答题卡上．第I卷（选择题）单项选择题（共10小题，每题只有一个．．．．选项符合题意．每小题4分，共40分）1．如图所示，在水平晾衣杆上晾晒床单时，为了使床单尽快晾干，可在床单间支撑轻质小木棍．小木棍位置的不同，两侧床单间夹角θ将不同．设床单重力为G，晾衣杆对床单的作用力大小为F，下列说法正确的是A．θ越大，F越大B．θ越大，F越小C．无论θ取何值，都有F=G D．只有当=120°时，才有F=G2．下列说法中正确的是A．汤姆孙依据极少数α粒子发生大角度散射提出了原子核式结构模型B．目前已建成的核电站的能量来自于重核裂变C．β衰变现象说明电子是原子核的组成部分D．质子不可能衰变为一个中子和一个正电子3．以下说法中不正确的是A．布朗运动是液体或气体中悬浮微粒的无规则运动，温度越高、微粒越大，运动越显著B．雨后叶子表面上的小水珠接近球形主要是液体表面张力作用的结果C．液晶既有液体的流动性，又具有单晶体的各向异性D．达到热平衡的系统一定具有相同的温度4．下列说法中正确的是A．做简谐运动的质点，其振动能量与振幅无关B．泊松亮斑是光的干涉现象，玻璃中的气泡看起来特别明亮是光的全反射现象C．真空中的光速在不同的惯性参考系中都是相同的，与光源的运动和观察者的运动无关D．雷达是利用超声波来测定物体位置的设备5．如图所示，有甲、乙两颗卫星分别在不同的轨道围绕一个半径为R、表面重力加速度为g的行星运动，卫星甲、卫星乙各自所在的轨道平面相互垂直，卫星甲的轨道为圆，距离行星表面的高度为R，卫星乙的轨道为椭圆，M、N两点的连线为其椭圆轨道的长轴且M、N两点间的距离为4R．则下列说法中正确的有A．卫星甲的线速度大小为2gRB．卫星乙沿椭圆轨道运行经过N点时的加速度小于卫星甲沿圆轨道运行的加速度C．卫星乙沿椭圆轨道运行经过M点时的速度小于卫星甲沿圆轨道运行的速度D．乙卫星运行的周期大于甲卫星运行的周期6．光滑水平面上放有一表面光滑、倾角为α的斜面体A，斜面体质量为M、底边长为L，如图所示．将一质量为m、可视为质点的滑块B从斜面的顶端由静止释放，滑块B经过时间t刚好滑到斜面底端．此过程中斜面对滑块的支持力大小为F N，重力加速度为g，则下列说法中正确的是A．F N＝mg cos αB．滑块下滑过程中支持力对B的冲量大小为F N t cos αC．滑块B下滑的过程中A、B组成的系统动量守恒D．此过程中斜面体向左滑动的距离为mM mL7．如图所示，长方体的ABCO面为正方形，整个空间存在竖直向上的匀强磁场，现在AB、BC、CD、DA上分别放置四根导体棒，且构成一闭合回路，当回路中通有ABCDA方向的电流时，下列说法正确的是A．CD棒所受的安培力方向垂直纸面向外B．四根导体棒均受安培力的作用C．CD棒与DA棒所受的安培力大小相等D．DA棒所受的安培力最大8．一列简谐横波在同一均匀介质中沿x轴方向传播，t=0.2s时刻的波形图如图甲所示，质点M的平衡位置在x M=7.5cm处，质点N的平衡位置在x N=3cm处，质点N的振动图像如图乙所示。
初中数学：2023-2024学年度上学期南京外国语初一数学期末学情分析试卷
初一数学期末学情分析试卷（2024.01）时间：100分钟总分：100分一、选择题（本大题共8小题，每小题2分，共16分．在每小题所给出的四个选项中，恰有一项是符合题目要求的，请将正确选项前的字母代号填涂在答题卷相应位置．．．．．．．上）1．－2024的相反数是（▲）A ．2024B ．－2024C ．12024D ．－120242．下列合并同类项结果正确的是（▲）A ．2a 2－a 2＝2B ．2a 2＋a ＝2a 3C ．2xy －xy ＝xyD ．2x 3＋3x 3＝5x 63．若3x ＝4y （y ≠0），则（▲）A ．3x ＋4y ＝0B ．x 3＝y4C ．3x ＋y ＝4y ＋xD ．6x －8y ＝04．下列各组数中，不相等的一组数是（▲）A.(－2)3和－23B.(－2)4和－24C.(－2)2和22D.|－2|3和|2|35．如图是一个正方体的展开图，把展开图折叠成正方体后，有“学”字一面的相对面上的字是（▲）A ．祝B ．同C ．快D ．乐6．小亮准备从A 地去往B 地，打开导航、显示两地距离为37.7km ，但导航提供的三条可选路线长却分别为45km ，50km ，51km （如图）．能解释这一现象的数学知识是（▲）A ．两点之间，线段最短B ．垂线段最短C ．平行于同一直线的两直线平行D ．两点确定一条直线7．去年秋季，我市某果树基地安排26名工人将采摘的水果包装成果篮，每个工人每小时可包装200个苹果或者300个梨，每个果篮中放3个苹果和2个梨，为了使包装的水果刚好完整配成果篮．若设有x 名工人包装苹果，则可列方程（▲）A ．200x =300(26－x )B ．3×200x =2×300（26－x ）C ．2×200x =3×300（26－x ）D ．2×200（26－x ）=3×300x8．如图，甲、乙两动点分别从正方形ABCD 的顶点A ，C 同时沿正方形的边开始匀速运动，甲按顺时针方向运动，乙按逆时针方向运动，若乙的速度是甲的3倍，那么它们第一次相遇在AD 边上，请问它们第2023次相遇在（▲）A ．AD 边B ．CD 边C ．BC 边D ．AB 边二、填空题（每题2分，共20分．不需写出解答过程，请把答案直接填写在答题卷相应位置．．．．．．．上）9．2023年某市“五一”节假日A 级景区共接待游客8485000人次，今年有望再突破，将8485000用科学记数法表示▲．10．若x ＝－3是方程2x ＋mx －2＝0的解，则m ＝▲．（第5题）祝同学们快乐（第6题）（第8题）11．比较大小：－13▲－14（填“＞”、“＜”或“=”）．12．计算：48°14′+67°31′＝▲．13．若m 2－2n ＝－1，则代数式3m 2－6n+2的值为▲．14．某商店换季准备打折出售，若按照原售价的八折出售，将亏损20元，而按原售价的九折出售，将盈利10元，则该商品的售价为▲．15．如图，点A ，O ，B 在同一条直线上，射线OD 和射线OE 分别平分∠AOC 和∠BOC ，若∠COD =62°，则∠BOE =▲°．16．如图，把一张长方形纸条ABCD 沿EF 折叠，若∠AED′＝62°，则∠DEF ＝▲°．17．若x 是有理数，则|x －2|＋|x －4|＋|x －6|的最小值是▲．18．如图，将一段长为100cm 绳子AB 拉直铺平后折叠（绳子无弹性，折叠处长度忽略不计），使绳子与自身一部分重叠．若将绳子AB 沿N 点折叠后，点B 落在B′处（点B′始终在点A 右侧），在重合部分B′N 上沿绳子垂直方向剪断，将绳子分为三段，若这三段的长度由短到长的比为2∶3∶5，BN 的值可能为▲．三、解答题（本大题共9小题，共64分．请在试卷指定区域内作答，解答时应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤．）19．（6分）计算：（1）()()21862⎛⎫-⨯-+- ⎪⎝⎭（2）()411293⎛⎫-+-÷--- ⎪⎝⎭20．（8分）解下列方程：（1）5x -(2-x )=1（2）2121136x x -+=-21．（7分）先化简，再求值：()()22272233xy x xy y x xy ++--+，其中2,3x y ==-．22．（6分）如图，所有小正方形的边长都为1，A ，B ，C 三点都在格点．（1）过点C 画AB 的平行线CD ，过点B 画直线AC 的垂线，垂足为G ；（2）三角形ABC 的面积为▲．FEADCBD 'C '（第16题）（第15题）（第18题）23．（7分）（1）如图是由7个同样大小棱长为1的小正方体搭成的几何体．请分别画出它的主视图、左视图和俯视图.（为便于观察，请将视图中的小方格用阴影标注）．（2）这个组合几何体的表面积为▲个平方单位（包括底面积）；（3）用小立方体搭一几何体，使得它的俯视图和左视图与你在上图方格中所画的图一致，则搭这样的几何体最多要▲个小立方体．24．（6分）如图，C 为线段AD 上一点，点B 为CD 的中点，且AD =8cm ，BD =1cm.（1）求AC 的长；（2）若点E 在直线AD 上，且EA =2cm ，BE 的长为▲．25．（8分）如图，直线AB 、CD 相交于点O ，OE 平分∠BOD ，∠AOC =72°．（1）求∠EOB 的度数；（2）若OF ⊥OE ，试说明OF 平分∠COB ．26．（8分）南京某景区，门票价格规定如下表：购票张数1～50张（包含50张）50～100张（不包含50张）100张以上每张票的价格60元50元40元某校七年级（1）、（2）两个班共102人去该景区游玩，其中（1）班人数多于（2）班人数，且（1）班人数不足100人，如果两个班分别以班为单位单独购买门票，一共应付5500元．（1）去该景区游玩的七年级（1）班和（2）班各有多少学生？（2）如果七年级（1）班有12名学生因需参加学校竞赛不能外出游玩，（2）班学生可以全员参加游玩，作为组织者，你有几种购票方案？通过比较，你该如何购票才能最省钱？FDE BC AO主视图左视图俯视图27．（8分）如图1，点O在直线AB上，∠AOC＝30°，将一个含有30°角的直角三角尺的直角顶点放在点O处较长的直角边OM在射线OB上，较短的直角边ON在直线AB的下方．【操作一】将图1中的三角尺绕着点O以每秒15°的速度按顺时针方向旋转．当它完成旋转一周时停止，设旋转的时间为t秒．（1）图1中与∠BOC互补的角有▲．（2）当t＝▲时，ON⊥OC．【操作二】如图2将一把直尺的一端点也放在点O处，另一端点E在射线OC上．如图3，在三角尺绕着点O以每秒15°的速度按顺时针方向旋转的同时，直尺也绕着点O以每秒5°的速度按顺时针方向旋转，当一方完成旋转一周时停止，另一方也停止旋转．（3）当t＝▲时，射线OC平分∠MOE．（4）在三角尺与直尺旋转的过程中，当0≤t≤22时，t＝▲时，∠COM与∠AOE中其中一个角是另一个角的两倍．。
2023年江苏省南京外国语学校英语九年级第一学期期末考试试题含解析
2023年江苏省南京外国语学校英语九年级第一学期期末考试试题注意事项1．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回．2．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0．5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置．3．请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符．4．作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案．作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效．5．如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗．Ⅰ. 单项选择1、Hurry up, Mike. You must get to the airport an hour before the plane________.A．gets off B．turns off C．puts off D．takes off2、—How about raising some money for the people in the earthquake-hit area?—__________! They can buy some food and clothes with the money.A．I disagree B．Not at all C．Good idea D．I’m sorry3、— What about going to the cinema on foot with me, Wei Ming?— I prefer _______ a bike to _______ there.A．ride; walk B．riding; walk C．ride; walking D．riding; walking4、—Could you please tell me ?—Yes. He came to study here just last month.A．that he is a new student B．when did he come hereC．if she likes English best D．whether he is a new student5、—How is everything going in the school , my boy?A．I am all right , thank you. B．Not at all.C．Not too bad, I guess. D．Very well, thank you.6、—Would you like me to show you around the school?—.A．Good idea B．Well done C．Yes, please D．My pleasure7、—________ more and more foreigners coming to our country to learn Chinese?—Of course. Because of the fast development, many foreign countries pay more attention to China.A．will there be B．will be there C．Are there going to have8、I have some information about the astronauts _______ is helpful to you.A．who B．what C．that D．whose9、They the English role play for the show last night.A．will practice B．practiced C．is practicing D．have practiced10、—what's the matter with Eric?—He hurt himself ________playing soccer.A．clearly B．happily C．badly D．quietlyⅡ. 完形填空11、＂It is the worst day of my life today.＂Peter said to himself when he walked home alone. His mind would not stop 1 what happened only just an hour ago on the school soccer field. How could he have missed scoring that goal? His stupid mistake made him 2 . His team had lost the game 3 him. He was really worried that his coach might 4 the team.As soon as he walked through the door, his father asked, ＂What’s wrong, son?＂Peter’s feeli ngs were written all over his 5 . ＂I lost the game,＂Peter replied. ＂Look, Peter. I don’t know what happened. But 6 it was, don’t be too hard on yourself. ＂＂I lost the game, Dad. I 7 my team. They’ll probably never 8 me play again. ＂＂Soccer is about team effort. You’re not the only 9 your team lost. If you have a good team, you should support each other. Besides, winning or losing is only half the game. The other half is learning 10 to communicate with your teammates and learning from your 11 ＂.The next day, Peter went to soccer practice with courage rather than fear in his heart. ＂Hey, guys.＂he said to his teammates. ＂I’m really sorry about yesterday. We were so close to 12 that game. But I think 13 weconti nue to pull together, we’re going to win the next one.＂To his surprise and relief, his teammates all nodded 14 agreement. ＂Yeah,＂they said, ＂don’t worry about it. It’s never just one person’s fault. We should think about how we can do 15 next time. ＂Peter smiled. It made him feel lucky to know that he was on a winning team.1．A．to think about B．thinking over C．to think of D．thinking about2．A．angrily B．mad C．relaxed D．terribly3．A．instead of B．because of C．in case of D．a bit of4．A．kick off him B．kicked him off C．kicked off him D．kick him off5．A．nose B．ears C．heart D．face6．A．whatever B．however C．wherever D．whenever7．A．failed B．got C．won D．missed8．A．want B．expect C．suppose D．let9．A．person B．player C．information D．reason10．A．when B．how C．why D．where11．A．lessons B．grades C．mistakes D．courage12．A．win B．won C．winning D．wins13．A．before B．though C．if D．unless14．A．for B．in C．with D．at15．A．well B．better C．fine D．finerⅢ. 语法填空12、短文填空Other fail little it surprised they possible back serve be call toThousands of people 1．attracted(吸引) to a 2-meter-wide lane in Tongcheng, Anhui province this spring festival. Although it was 2．to count the exact number, at3．5,000 people visited it each day.This narrow lane4．Liuchi Lane in Chinese, won greater popularity after the story behind it was broadcast（播放）on a CCTV show. At first glance it may seem unimportant, but to those who know5．history，Liuchi Lane means much more than its appearance. In the early Qing Dynasty, it 6．as the boundary(边界) between Zhang family and Wu family. They quarreled（争论）fiercely over which family had the right to build a wall on the dividing line. After 7．to make a compromise（妥协）, the Zhangs turned to Zhang Ying, a family member of Zhangs and also a top official in the emperor’s court. To their8．, Zhang Ying did not provide the support they needed. He called for his family to move back 1 meter from the boundary. Seeing that, the Wus agreed to move 9．another meter, thus Liuchi Lane was born.In reality, the story of Liuchi Lane is not only about how to get along with10．, but also a guideline for all the officials in ChinaⅣ. 阅读理解A13、It happened two years ago. It was Mother’s Day morning. I was doing my shopping at our local supermarket with my five-year-old son, Tenyson. As we were leaving, we found that only minutes earlier an elderly woman had fallen over at the entrance and had hit her head on the ground. Her husband was with her, but there was blood everywhere and the woman was embarrassed(尴尬的) and clearly in shock. Walking towards the scene, Tenyson became very sad about what had happened to the couple. He said to me, “Mum, it’s not much fun falling over in front of everyone.”At the front of the supermarket a charity group had set up a stand selling fish and chips and flowers to raise funds. Tenyson suggested that we should buy the lady a flower. “It will make her feel better,”he said. I was amazed that he’d come up with such a sweet idea. So we went over to the flower seller and asked her if we could buy a flower for the lady to cheer her up. “Just take it,” she replied. “I can’t take your money for such a wonderful gesture(姿势).”By now paramedics（救援人员）had arrived, and were attending the injured(受伤的) woman. As we walked up to her, my son became intimidated by all the blood and medical equipment(器具). He said he was just too scared to go up to her.Instead I gave the flower to the woman’s husband and told him, “My son was very sad for your wife and wanted to give her this flower to make her feel better.”At that, the old man sta rted crying and said, “Thank you so much, you have a wonderful son. Happy Mother’s Day to you.”The man then bent down and gave his wife the flower, telling her who it was from. Though badly hurt and shaken, the old lady looked up at Tenyson with love in her eyes and gave him a little smile.1．What does the writer want to tell us?A．One can never be too careful. B．Actions speak louder than words.C．Love begins with a little smile. D．A small act of kindness brings a great joy.2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A．The elderly woman was knocked down by Tenyson.B．Tenyson’s idea of buying a flower gained his mother’s support.C．Tenyson’s care for the elderly woman surprised the flower seller.D．The elderly woman was moved to tears by Tenyson’s gesture.3．The underlined word “intimidated” in the passage probably means “___________”.A．surprised B．pleased C．frightened D．excited4．Choose the right order of the events given in the story. _________a.The paramedics arrived and attended the injured woman.b.We bought a flower for the lady to cheer her up.c.I did some shopping at our local supermarket with my five-year-old son.d.My son became very sad about what had happened to the couple.e.An elderly woman fell over at the entrance.A．c, e, a, b, d B．a, c, e, d, b C．c, a, e, d, b D．c, e, d, b, a5．What would be the best title for the passage?A．The Power of Flower B．Mother’s DayC．An Accidental Injury D．An Embarrassing MomentB14、What's the most important thing for you to have in your life? Somebody mentions hard work; others suggestknowledge, love and luck.If you arrange(排列)the 26 English letters in order and use numbers to represent each of them, for example, 1 for a, 2 for b, 3 for c. . . 26 for z, you can change an English word into a number. So hard work becomes8+1+18+4+23+15+18+11=98，meaning 98 is its mark; knowledge: 11+14+15+23+12+5+4+7+5=96;love:12+15+22+5=54, and luck: 12+21+3+11=47，a small mark. None of these words can give one a full mark. What about money? It can't, either.Then what else? Don't be worried. You can always find an answer to a problem in your life, when you change your way of looking at things or doing things, or your attitude. Yes, attitude is the word. See for yourself :attitude:1+20+20+9+20+21+4+5=100，a full mark.Different attitudes lead to different courses of life. Most time people hope for a better life. It is possible that they will have a better life if they change their attitudes. When you change your manner and became friendly toward others, you'll meet more smiling faces toward you. In the same way, if you take a positive attitude toward failure, you'll find it's also rewarding(有益的)though it has caused you losses(损失).1．The writer thinks is the most important thing in a person's life.A．hard work B．knowledgeC．money D．attitude2．What is the mark of the word. "money" according to the passage?A．73. B．72. C．75. D．62.3．From the passage we can learn that .A．different attitudes come from different courses of lifeB．sometimes failure can bring you good if you take a positive attitudeC．math can solve every problem easily in our daily lifeD．none of the English words except "attitude" is 100 or morC15、I grew up in a small town. My father raised chickens and ran a construction company. I was only 10 years old when my dad gave me the responsibility of feeding the chickens and cleaning up the stable. He believed it was important for me to have those jobs to learn responsibility. Then, when I was 22, I found a job in Natchbill at a country music club called the Natchbill Palace, I washed dishes and cooked from 4:00 p.m to 9:00 p.m and then went on stage and sang until 2:00 in the morning. It wasn’t long before I became known as a singing cook. I had been rejected(拒绝) so many times by record companies that it was hard not to be discouraged. One night, a woman executive(董事) from a company named Warner Brothers Records came to hear me sing. When the show was over, we sat down and talked and after sheleft, I said to myself it was one more rejection. A few weeks later, my manager received a phone call—Waner Brothers wanted to sign me to a record deal. Soon after, I release(发行) my first record in June 1986. It sold over 2 million copies. My best efforts had gone into every job I’ve ever held. It was the sense of responsibility that made me feel like a man. Knowing that I had done my best filled me with pride. I still feel that way today, even though I have become awell-known singer.1．（小题1）Why was the writer once known as the singing cook?A．Because he was a cook at a country –music club.B．Because he sang for guests while he worked as a cook.C．Because he often sang while cooking.D．Because he liked singing better than cooking.2．（小题2）Who first recognized his talents and helped make his career successful?A．Warner Brothers B．His managerC．His father D．A business woman3．（小题3）What made the writer proud of himself?A．His ability to live independently.B．His sense of responsibility in whatever he did.C．His courage in the face of rejections.D．His hard work in his early days.D16、 A day is made up of hundreds of small decisions. I'll wear this; I'll buy this; I'll have this for lunch; I'll go there at 3 o'clock; I'll reply to this e-mail.For some people, it's not a big deal. For others, however, making decisions isn't easy. They agonize over what to do, changing their minds back and forth. and second guessing themselves even after the decision has been made.Emily was in the restaurant with her husband. After several minutes of reading the menu , she said , "Um , let's see.I don't know what to order. Maybe I'll have the burger; no wait, the pasta seems good. Or, maybe the soup and salad. Don, what are you ordering? OK; that sounds good ; I'll have that too. " Don often gets annoyed (恼怒的) .He doesn't understand why she finds the simplest decisions so difficult. He sometimes makes decisions for the two of them. But Emily gets annoyed with him for being so controlling. "But we'd never decide anything if I left it up to you," he argues.Good decision-making is a skill that comes easily to some people, not so easily to others. Choices are confusing. Choices can make you anxious. They can cost you peace of mind, even after you've made the decision. The skill of good decision-making has become increasingly important. Why? Because we have a lot of choices, both with the simple andthe serious things in life.Decisions force us to close the door on other possibilities. Accept that you can't have it all. You can't order every delicious dish on the menu. And there will be paths not taken, things not experienced. Let the past be. Live in the present where what you do today will make a difference.It's often good to think through your decisions, but don't overdo it. More thinking is not always better thinking. Too much research may lead to confusion. Sixth sense can help make decisions as good as careful study of endless data(数据) , sometimes even better.Some decisions don't work out as expected ; this doesn't mean that you made a bad one. You decide to go on a cruise (油轮旅行) . You choose a large and beautiful ship. Everything should work out just right. Only you didn't count on a bug that spread through the ship, making you and your family sick for five clays. You felt terrible for making such a stupid decision. No. You did not make a stupid decision. It's just that sometimes the unexpected happens.Try to make your decision. After all, it's your special experience.1．The words "agonize over" in Paragraph 2 probably mean" ".A．think about a difficult decision carefully and with lots of effortB．stick to the big decision that you have madeC．let go of the decision that you have madeD．fear to make decision out of uncertainty2．The writer mentioned Emily and her husband in Paragraph 3 to .A．criticize Emily's husband for controllingB．show how annoying indecisiveness could beC．introduce how hard it was to decide what to eatD．explain the difficulty Emily had when making a decision3．What can we learn from the passage?A．We should think about all the possibilities before making a good decision.B．Neither research nor data may help people with decision-making.C．Sometimes unexpected situation may waste a good decision.D．People feel terrible when making decisions.4．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A．Do you have difficulty making decisions?B．Are you good at making a difficult decision?C．Can you make a right decision easily or not?D．Would you like to make decisions for others?E17、阅读广告，从各题所给的选项中，选择最佳选项。
2024届江苏省南京市南京外国语学校九年级英语第一学期期末统考试题含解析
2024届江苏省南京市南京外国语学校九年级英语第一学期期末统考试题注意事项：1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0．5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
4．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
Ⅰ. 单项选择1、Steve Jobs was full of — always coming up with new ideas which led to great changes in society . A．instruction B．invitation C．introduction D．invention2、Hurry up, Mike. You must get to the airport an hour before the plane________.A．gets off B．turns off C．puts off D．takes off3、We must firstly keep ourselves when we go travelling.A．safe B．serious C．smooth D．special4、Hainan will become a free trade port. _______ exciting news it is!A．What an B．What C．How5、Is there any difference between your idea and ________?A．he B．his C．she D．her6、I can’t tell you how fantastic the film Secret Superstar is! It’s the ______ one I have ever seen.A．better B．best C．worse D．worst7、— Can school students under the age of 16 ride electrical bicycles in your city?— No, according to the law, they ____.A．may not B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t8、–Why do you like climbing mountains?--Because they are there and climbing is _____thing I have ever done.A．the more exciting B．the most excitingC．the more excited D．the most excited9、– Were you at home at 9:00 pm yesterday?– Yes, I ______ for a call from Paris at that time.A．waitedB．am waitingC．was waitingD．has waited10、We got _______ when we went to different schools last term, but we stayed in touch.A．total B．certain C．humorous D．separatedⅡ. 完形填空11、完形填空阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
2024-2025学年江苏省南京市栖霞区南京外国语学校仙林分校四上数学期末经典模拟试题含解析
2024-2025学年江苏省南京市栖霞区南京外国语学校仙林分校四上数学期末经典模拟试题注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上。
用2B铅笔将试卷类型（B）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。
将条形码粘贴在答题卡右上角"条形码粘贴处"。
2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。
答案不能答在试题卷上。
3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答无效。
4．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。
考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、用心思考，认真填写。
（每题2分，共22 分）1．你知道它是几吗？（1）下图说的这个数是（_____）（2）下图说的这个数是（_____）。
2．一个长方形的面积是36平方厘米，宽是4厘米，如果长不变，宽增加了8厘米，那么这个长方形扩大后的面积是（________）。
3．比较下面每组中两个数的大小41万________400900205万________205000501004万________1004000099万________10000004．（______）既不是正数,也不是负数．5．星期六，张明骑自行车去郊游，25小时行了8km，他1小时行_____km；从张明家到森林公园有12km，按这样的速度，他需要骑行_____小时．6．402÷□7，如果商是一位数，□里最小填（________）；如果□里填2，商是（________）位数；如果商的末尾是0，□里填（________）。
7．（________）时整，钟面上的时针和分针的夹角是直角；（________）时整，钟面上的时针和分针的夹角是平角，即（________）°。
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南京外国语学校2004—2005学年第一学期期末考试高三化学班级__________ 姓名__________ 学号__________ 成绩__________第一卷（选择题共74分）可能用到的相对原子质量：H—1 C—12 N—14 O—16 Na—23 S—32 Cl—35.5 Fe—56 Ba—137 Mg—24一、选择题（本题包括８小题，每小题４分，共32分，每小题只有一个选项符合题意）1．据报道，在我国各地发生过多次因混合洁污剂而引起氯气中毒事件，据此推测，相混合的洁污剂中最有可能．．．．含有（）A．ClO3-、Cl-、OH-B．ClO-、Cl-、H+C．NaClO、NaClO3D．NaClO、NaCl2．在医学、日常生活中常见的溶液：①福尔马林②医用消毒酒精③生理盐水④食醋，这些溶液中的溶质质量分数由大到小顺序为（）A．①②③④B．②①③④C．②④①③D．②①④③3．下列现象不是因为发生化学变化而产生的是（）A．皮肤不慎沾上浓硝酸而呈黄色B．食盐撒在燃着的液化气火焰上，火焰呈黄色C．久置的KI溶液呈黄色D．盛在无色试剂瓶中的浓硝酸呈黄色4．下列说法不正确的是（）A．水分子间形成氢键会使水的稳定性升高B．分散质粒子的直径在1nm－100nm之间的分散系叫做胶体C．用渗析法除去鸡蛋白溶液中少量的葡萄糖杂质D．石墨晶体中，每个正六边形平均分摊到2个碳原子5．已知短周期元素的离子，a A2+、b B+、cC3—、d D—都具有相同的电子层结构，则下列叙述正确的是（）A．原子半径A>B>C>D B．原子序数D>C>B>AC．离子半径C3—>D—>B+>A2+D．单质的还原性A>B>D>C6．将40℃的饱和石灰水冷却至10℃或加入少量CaO，温度仍保持40℃，在这两种情况下均未改变的是（）A．溶液中Ca2+的物质的量浓度B．Ca(OH)2的溶解度、溶剂的质量C．溶液的质量D．溶液中Ca2+的数目7．汽车的启动电源常用铅蓄电池，放电时的电池反应如下：PbO2＋Pb＋2H2SO4＝2PbSO4↓＋2H2O，根据此反应判断下列叙述中正确的是（）A．Pb O2是电池的负极B．负极的电极反应式为：Pb＋SO42－－2e－＝PbSO4 ↓C．电池放电时，PbO2得电子，被氧化D．电池放电时，溶液酸性增强8（）A ．SiCl 4形成的是分子晶体B ．单质B 可能是原子晶体C ．电解NaCl 水溶液可制得金属钠D ．不能用电解熔化AlCl 3制取单质铝二、选择题：（本题包括10小题，第9～16题每小题4分，第17、18题每小题5分，共42分。
若正确答案只包括一个选项，多选时，该小题为0分；若正确答案包括两个选项，只选一个且正确的给2分，选两个且都正确的给满分，但只要选错一个该小题就为0分）9．下列离子方程式正确的是 （ ）A ．硫酸亚铁溶液中加入双氧水： Fe 2++2H 2O 2+4H +=Fe 3++4H 2OB ．次氯酸钠溶液中通入过量的二氧化硫 ClO －+SO 2+H 2O====HSO 3－+HClOC ．FeBr 2溶液中加入过量的氯水 2Fe 2++4Br －+3Cl 2====2Br 2+2Fe 3++6Cl －D ．澄清的石灰水中加入过量的NaHCO 3溶液：Ca 2++2OH －+2HCO 3－====CaCO 3↓+2H 2O+CO 32－10．为了更好地表示溶液的酸碱性，科学家提出了酸度（AG ）的概念，AG=)()(lg -+OH c H c 。
已知某澄清溶液常温下的AG=12，则在此溶液中能大量共存的离子组 （ ）A ．Na +、AlO 2－、K +、ClO －B ．MnO 4－、K +、SO 32－、Na +C ．Mg 2+、SO 42－、HCO 3－、Na +D ．NH 4+、NO 3－、Al 3+、Cl －11．N A 为阿伏加德罗常数，下列叙述正确的是 （ ）A ．80g 硝酸铵晶体中含有NH 4+ N A 个B ．1L1mol/L 的盐酸溶液中，所含氯化氢分子数为N A 个C ．标准状况下，11.2L 硝基苯所含分子数为0.5N A 个D ．1mol Cl 2与足量NaOH 溶液反应中，转移电子数为2N A 个12．下列两种气体的分子数一定相等的是 （ ）A ．质量相等、密度不等的N 2和C 2H 4B ．等体积等密度的CO 和C 2H 4C ．等温等体积的O 2和N 2D ．等压等体积的N 2和CO 213．一定条件下，可逆反应X （g ）＋3Y （g ）2Z （g ），若X 、Y 、Z 起始浓度分别为c 1、c 2、c 3（均不为0），当达平衡时X 、Y 、Z 的浓度分别为0.1mol /L ，0.3mol/ L ，0.08mol/L ，则下列判断不合理的是 （ ）A ．c 1：c 2＝1：3B ．平衡时，Y 和Z 的生成速率之比为3：2C ．X 、Y 的转化率不相等D ．c 1的取值范围为0< c 1<0.14 mo /L14．室温下，向20 mL0.1 mol/L 的盐酸溶液中逐滴加入0.1 mol/L 的氨水至过量，在此过程中，溶液中各离子浓度关系一定错误．．的是 （ ） A ．c (NH 4＋)>c (Cl －)>c (H ＋)>c (OH －) B ．c (Cl －)＝c (NH 4＋)>c (H ＋)＝c (OH －)C ．c (NH 4＋)>c (Cl －)>c (OH －)>c (H ＋)D ．c (Cl －)>c (NH 4＋)>c (H ＋)>c (OH －)15．脑白金中主要成分的结构简式为下列对脑白金主要成分的推断错误的是 （ ）A ． 其分子式为221613O N H CB ．它能水解得到乙酸C．该物质是苯的同系物D．该物质属于蛋白质16．近年来，加“碘”食盐较多使用了碘酸钾，KIO3在工业上可用电解法制取，以石墨和铁为电极，以KI溶液为电解液在一定条件下电解，反应式为KI+H2O→KIO3+H2↑。
下列有关说法中，正确的是( ) A．电解时，石墨做阳极，铁作阴极B．电解时，在阳极上产生氢气C．电解后得到KIO3产品的步骤有：过滤→浓缩→结晶→灼烧D．电解中，每转移0.6mol电子，理论上可得到0.1mol无水KIO3晶体17．某白色固体可能由①NH4Cl②AlCl3③NaCl④AgNO3⑤KOH中的一种或几种组成，此固体投入水中得澄清溶液，该溶液可使酚酞呈红色，若向溶液中加稀硝酸到过量，有白色沉淀生成。
对原固体的判断不正确．．．的是（）A．肯定不存在①B．至少存在②和⑤C．无法确定是否有③D．至少存在①、④、⑤18．pH=2的两种一元酸HX和HY的溶液分别取50mL，加入足量的镁粉，充分反应后，收集H2的体积分别为V(HX)和V(HY)，若V(HX)>V(HY)，下列说法正确的是( ) A．HX一定是弱酸B．NaX水溶液的碱性弱于NaY水溶液的碱性C．HX一定是强酸D．反应开始时二者生成H2的速率相同第二卷（非选择题共76分）三、（本大题包括2小题，共20分）19．(8分)(1)指出下列实验用品或仪器(已经洗涤干净)使用时的第一步操作：①石蕊试纸(检验气体性质) ；②容量瓶。
(2)下列有关化学实验操作中“先”与“后”的说法正确的是(填代号)。
A．用排水法收集气体后，先移出导管，后撤酒精灯B．给试管加热时，先均匀加热，后局部加热C．碱液流到桌子上，先用稀醋酸溶液中和，后用水洗D．浓硫酸不慎洒到皮肤上，先迅速用水冲洗，后涂上3％-5％的NaHCO3溶液E．点燃可燃性气体(如H2、CO、C2H4等)时，都要先检验气体纯度，后点燃20．（12分）为了证明铜与稀硝酸反应产生一氧化氮，某校学生实验小组设计了一个实验，其装置如下图所示（加热装置和固定装置均已略去），B为一个用金属丝固定的干燥管，内装块状碳酸钙固体；E为一个空的蒸馏烧瓶；F是用于鼓入空气的双连打气球。
（1）实验时，为在E烧瓶中收集到NO，以便观察颜色，必须事先赶出去其中的空气。
其中第一步．．．实验操作为：。
如何确定E中空气已被赶尽：__________________________________。
（2）将A中铜丝放入稀硝酸中，给装置A微微加热，在装置A中产生无色气体，其反应的离子．．．为。
．．方程式（3）如何证明E中收集到的是NO而不是H2？______________________________________________________一段时间后，C中白色沉淀溶解，其原因是_______________________________________ （4）装置D的作用是___________________________________________________四、（本题包括２小题，共20分）21．（10分）下图是中学化学中常见的物质间化学反应关系的图示，其中A的焰色反应呈黄色，E、F为有刺激性气味的气体，G为强酸性溶液，H为既难溶于水、也难溶于稀酸的白色固体。
试回答：(1)写出化学式：A_______________；B_______________。
(2)写出下列反应的离子方程式：①C→E：______________________________；②D→H：______________________________；③E＋F＋H2O→G：______________________________22．（10分）2003年10月17日晨6时许，载着航天英雄杨利伟的“神舟”五号飞船在内蒙古大草原成功着陆，我国首次载人航天飞行取得圆满成功。
发射“神舟”飞船的长征2号火箭用了肼（N2H4）作燃料，N2H4与NH3有相似的化学性质。
（1）写出肼与盐酸反应的离子方程式。
（2）用拉席希法制备肼，是将NaClO和NH3按物质的量之比1：2反应生成肼，试写出该反应的化学方程式。
该反应中是氧化产物（3）发射火箭时肼（N2H4）为燃料，二氧化氮作氧化剂，两者反应生成氮气和气态水。
已知4g N2H4（g）在上述反应中放出71kJ的热量，写出热化学方程式__ 。
（4）为使宇航员有良好的生存环境，宇宙飞船中装有盛Na2O2颗粒的供氧装置，如用KO2（超氧化钾）代替Na2O2，能达到同样的目的。
写出KO2与CO2反应的方程式_________________________________。
若仅从飞船携带物品宜轻便考虑，这两种物质中哪种更好，请用计算结果加以说明。
______________________________________________________________________。