美国经济(英文版)PPT课件
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英语国家社会文化之美国经济-US-economyppt课件
.
Limited liability
It is a concept that the value of a person's investment in a company or partnership with limited liability.
If a company with limited liability is sued, then the plaintiffs(原告) are suing the company, not its owners or investors. A shareholder(股东) in a limited company is not personally liable for any of the debts of the company, other than for the value of their investment in that company. usually that person‘s dividends(股息) in the company being zero, since the company has no profits to allocate.
Adam Smith was a Scottish social philosopher and a
pioneer of political economy. The Wealth of Nations, is considered
as the first modern work of economics. Smith is widely cited as the father of
.
Five Major Developments
1. Introduction of the factory system the first factory in U.S., 1793 by Samuel Slater ◦Cotton cloth factory ◦The Northeastern region: the manufacturing center ◦The Southern region: cotton plant base ◦The result: US-a major cotton producer
Limited liability
It is a concept that the value of a person's investment in a company or partnership with limited liability.
If a company with limited liability is sued, then the plaintiffs(原告) are suing the company, not its owners or investors. A shareholder(股东) in a limited company is not personally liable for any of the debts of the company, other than for the value of their investment in that company. usually that person‘s dividends(股息) in the company being zero, since the company has no profits to allocate.
Adam Smith was a Scottish social philosopher and a
pioneer of political economy. The Wealth of Nations, is considered
as the first modern work of economics. Smith is widely cited as the father of
.
Five Major Developments
1. Introduction of the factory system the first factory in U.S., 1793 by Samuel Slater ◦Cotton cloth factory ◦The Northeastern region: the manufacturing center ◦The Southern region: cotton plant base ◦The result: US-a major cotton producer
美国经济(英文版).ppt
Meanwhile the textile industry and heavy industry also developed.
American Economy Industries ------Cities
New York Pittsburgh Chicago Detroit Dallas and Houston Seattle San Francisco and Los Angeles
American Economy Industries ------Sectors
Aviation
1. US has the largest aviation industry in the world.
2. Major aircraft companies:
Boeing, McDonald Douglas
American Economy Industries ------Distribution
Distribution of Industries
1. Northeastern America , the most important industrial region.
New England and Great Lakes
American Economy
Industrial Revolution
“The Wealth of Nations”
Adam Smith
American Economy General Survey
1. The structure of the economy 2. The position in the world 3. Inflation and Deficit
2. it stands by the Ohio River which finally joins the Mississippi River.
Economy in the United States of America美国经济
Eli Whitney’s cotton gin
Henry Ford and His Assembly Line
3. New Technologies
Sewing Machine
Television
Telegraph
Telephone
Railroads Food
processing plants Electric light bulb Phonograph Camera Moving pictures
American Innovations: 1. Factory system 2. Mass production 3. New technologies 4. New forms of business organization 5. The construction of railroads
When
the United Ranking Country States Sneezes, United 1 the rest of the States world catches a 2 China cold. -- an economists’ 3 Japan proverb
4
Germany
1. Introduction of Factory System
◆ In 1793, Samuel Slater(塞缪尔· 斯莱
特) built the first factory in the U.S --a cotton cloth factory in Rhode Island.
◆ The success of his factory turned
3. Financial Services
The
美国经济(英文版)ppt
Chapter 3 American Economy
-
American Economy
Contents: 1. Industrial Revolution 2. General Survey 3. Industries 4. Agriculture
-
American Economy
Industrial Revolution
Position of the American Economy 1. “superpower” in world affairs 2. dominant position of the dollar
“Bretton Woods System”
布雷顿森林体系/布莱登国际货币制度
-
American Economy General Survey
Bretton Woods System 1. most major currencies are pegged to the US dollar 2. the dominant position of the dollar was formally
established in the Bretton Wood system which was held in 1945 at Bretton Woods in New Hampshire and attended by 45 countries. 3. The conference also set up the IMF (International Monetary Fund), the World Bank, and GATT( the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade), later known as WTO, it is a world trading system.
-
American Economy
Contents: 1. Industrial Revolution 2. General Survey 3. Industries 4. Agriculture
-
American Economy
Industrial Revolution
Position of the American Economy 1. “superpower” in world affairs 2. dominant position of the dollar
“Bretton Woods System”
布雷顿森林体系/布莱登国际货币制度
-
American Economy General Survey
Bretton Woods System 1. most major currencies are pegged to the US dollar 2. the dominant position of the dollar was formally
established in the Bretton Wood system which was held in 1945 at Bretton Woods in New Hampshire and attended by 45 countries. 3. The conference also set up the IMF (International Monetary Fund), the World Bank, and GATT( the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade), later known as WTO, it is a world trading system.
Chapter 18 The Economy美国经济
2
To be continued
Third, America has enough people to provide the labor necessary for a constantly （always） expanding economy. ① A fourth factor is the quality of available labor. The United States has two major problems. One is stagnation; the other one is the increasing foreign debts （外债）and trade deficit.(商业赤字）
14
To be continued
The Midwest has the plentiful coal and iron
ore deposits. The Great Lakes provides an available water system. Their large populations provide skilled labor and home markets. With all these advantages in their favor, it is not surprising that the cities of the Midwest have become industrial leaders.
economy has been attributable to many factors. be attributable to: v. 可归因于
1
First, the geographical location of the United States provides very good conditions for the country to grow and become strong. Second, the United States has been blessed by being a land rich in mineral (n. 矿物, 矿石 )resources and fertile farm soil①, together with a moderate climate②. ①fertile soil 沃土,肥沃的土壤 ②a moderate climate 温和的气侯
To be continued
Third, America has enough people to provide the labor necessary for a constantly （always） expanding economy. ① A fourth factor is the quality of available labor. The United States has two major problems. One is stagnation; the other one is the increasing foreign debts （外债）and trade deficit.(商业赤字）
14
To be continued
The Midwest has the plentiful coal and iron
ore deposits. The Great Lakes provides an available water system. Their large populations provide skilled labor and home markets. With all these advantages in their favor, it is not surprising that the cities of the Midwest have become industrial leaders.
economy has been attributable to many factors. be attributable to: v. 可归因于
1
First, the geographical location of the United States provides very good conditions for the country to grow and become strong. Second, the United States has been blessed by being a land rich in mineral (n. 矿物, 矿石 )resources and fertile farm soil①, together with a moderate climate②. ①fertile soil 沃土,肥沃的土壤 ②a moderate climate 温和的气侯
讲述关于美国经济大萧条英语课presentation幻灯片
• 股票市场崩溃是一场灾难深重的经济危机爆 发的火山口。
Black Tuesday
Causes
• Demand-driven Keynesian Breakdown of international trade Debt deflation • Monetarist • New classical approach • Austrian School • Inequality • Productivity shock
Start of the Great Depression 1
• The depression originated in the U.S., starting with the fall in stock prices that began around September 4, 1929 and became worldwide news with the stock market crash of October 29, 1929 (known as Black Tuesday). From there, it quickly spread to almost every country in the world.
– Women were fired from teaching jobs if they got married – This practice continued into the 40’s
Hale Waihona Puke Children in the Depression
• Malnutrition in NYC rose from 18% in 1928 to 60% in 1931 • Milk consumption was dropping in many states • Child welfare was one of the first to be cut in many states as the Depression got worse • Schools shut their doors because children were looking for jobs
Black Tuesday
Causes
• Demand-driven Keynesian Breakdown of international trade Debt deflation • Monetarist • New classical approach • Austrian School • Inequality • Productivity shock
Start of the Great Depression 1
• The depression originated in the U.S., starting with the fall in stock prices that began around September 4, 1929 and became worldwide news with the stock market crash of October 29, 1929 (known as Black Tuesday). From there, it quickly spread to almost every country in the world.
– Women were fired from teaching jobs if they got married – This practice continued into the 40’s
Hale Waihona Puke Children in the Depression
• Malnutrition in NYC rose from 18% in 1928 to 60% in 1931 • Milk consumption was dropping in many states • Child welfare was one of the first to be cut in many states as the Depression got worse • Schools shut their doors because children were looking for jobs
美国经济大萧条 (全英文).ppt
In the 21st century, the Great Depression is commonly used as an example of how far the world's economy can decline.
Start of the Great Depression 1
The depression originated in the U.S., starting with the fall in stock prices that began around September 4, 1929 and became worldwide news with the stock market crash of October 29, 1929 (known as Black Tuesday). From there, it quickly spread to almost every country in the world.
Black Tuesday
Causes
Demand-driven Keynesian Breakdown of international trade Debt deflation Monetarist New classical approach Austrian School Inequality Productivity shock
Austrian School
Theorists of the "Austrian School" who wrote about the Depression include Austrian economist Friedrich Hayek and American economist Murray Rothbard, who wrote America's Great Depression (1963). In their view and like the monetarists, the Federal Reserve, which was created in 1913, shoulders much of the blame; but in opposition to the monetarists, they argue that the key cause of the Depression was the expansion of the money supply in the 1920s that led to an unsustainable credit-driven boom.
Start of the Great Depression 1
The depression originated in the U.S., starting with the fall in stock prices that began around September 4, 1929 and became worldwide news with the stock market crash of October 29, 1929 (known as Black Tuesday). From there, it quickly spread to almost every country in the world.
Black Tuesday
Causes
Demand-driven Keynesian Breakdown of international trade Debt deflation Monetarist New classical approach Austrian School Inequality Productivity shock
Austrian School
Theorists of the "Austrian School" who wrote about the Depression include Austrian economist Friedrich Hayek and American economist Murray Rothbard, who wrote America's Great Depression (1963). In their view and like the monetarists, the Federal Reserve, which was created in 1913, shoulders much of the blame; but in opposition to the monetarists, they argue that the key cause of the Depression was the expansion of the money supply in the 1920s that led to an unsustainable credit-driven boom.
精编american politics and economy lecture-michael美国的经济、政治介绍ppt课件(英文
Signed July 4, 1776
QuickTime?an d a decompress or
are neede d to se e this picture.
From Federalist 10
AMONG the numerous advantages promised by a well constructed Union, none deserves to be more accurately developed than its tendency to break and control the violence of faction…The instability, injustice, and confusion introduced into the public councils, have, in truth, been the mortal diseases under which popular governments have everywhere perished…
Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shewn that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future security…
QuickTime?an d a decompress or
are neede d to se e this picture.
From Federalist 10
AMONG the numerous advantages promised by a well constructed Union, none deserves to be more accurately developed than its tendency to break and control the violence of faction…The instability, injustice, and confusion introduced into the public councils, have, in truth, been the mortal diseases under which popular governments have everywhere perished…
Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shewn that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future security…
美国经济(英文版)
A second development was the “American system” of mass production which originated in the firearms industry about 1800. the new system required precision engineering to create parts that were intercis rich in mineral deposits. It leads the world in the production of phosphate磷酸盐 (34% of the world’s total) It ranks second in gold, silver, copper, lead, natural gas, and coal, It ranks the third in petroleum production in the world, after Russia and Saudi Arabia.
Roles of Government
Before 1890, Tenets of laissez-faire Now it plays an important role in developing national economy. Federal Trade Commission
The Roots of Affluence
American Economy
“The Wealth of Nations” Adam Smith
Development of Free Enterprise
The story of American economic growth is a story of people inventing new devices and processes, starting new business and launching new ventures. For each of these endeavors, money is needed. That money is known as capital. Individuals started enterprises with money borrowed from others. They share the profit gained with those investors. When they wanted to expand their businesses, they again borrow money.
美国经济英语PPT
文档仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，请勿模仿；如有不当之处，请联系网站或本 人删除。
three parts
America in the colonial Era
History of American Economy
The War of independence
The Civil war
——We can appreciate a video
A meeting of colonial leaders who opposed British oppression was held in Philadelphia. They urged Americans to disobey The Intolerable Acts and to boycott (抵制) British trade. At the same time, the colonists began to defend themselves.
文档仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，请勿模仿；如有不当之处，请联系网站或本
Contents 人删除。
目录
1 Share a video 2 General introduction 3 History of American Economy 4 Current American Economy
文档仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，请勿模仿；如有不当之处，请联系网站或本 人删除。
Printing paper money and opening diplomatic relations with foreign powers. George Washington, a wealthy Virginia planter, was respected as a man of ability and integrity.
American Politics and Economy lecture-Michael美国的经济、政治介绍PPT课件(英文)
SHENANIGANS
American Political Economy: A History, and a Present
Overview
Part I American Politics • History of American Politics • Present of American Politics
பைடு நூலகம்
Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shewn that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future security…
The influence of factious leaders may kindle a flame within their particular States, but will be unable to spread a general conflagration through the other States. A religious sect may degenerate into a political faction in a part of the Confederacy; but the variety of sects dispersed over the entire face of it must secure the national councils against any danger from that source. A rage for paper money, for an abolition of debts, for an equal division of property, or for any other improper or wicked project, will be less apt to pervade the whole body of the Union than a particular member of it; in the same proportion as such a malady is more likely to taint a particular county or district, than an entire State.
American Political Economy: A History, and a Present
Overview
Part I American Politics • History of American Politics • Present of American Politics
பைடு நூலகம்
Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shewn that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future security…
The influence of factious leaders may kindle a flame within their particular States, but will be unable to spread a general conflagration through the other States. A religious sect may degenerate into a political faction in a part of the Confederacy; but the variety of sects dispersed over the entire face of it must secure the national councils against any danger from that source. A rage for paper money, for an abolition of debts, for an equal division of property, or for any other improper or wicked project, will be less apt to pervade the whole body of the Union than a particular member of it; in the same proportion as such a malady is more likely to taint a particular county or district, than an entire State.
美国经济(英文版)PPT演示课件
9
American Economy General Survey
Inflation Inflation is a general rise in the prices
of goods ad services, the real or purchasing power value of money is reduced. E.g. Three dollars are necessary today to buy what two dollars bought yesterday.
5
American Economy General Survey
Structure of the economy
1. Privately-owned business 2. State-owned business 3. non-profit organizations
6
American Economy General Survey
4. By 1998 the gross federal debt has reached $ 2 trillion
5. interest on the federal debt is over $ 150 billion a year.
11
American Economy Industries
10
American Economy General Survey
Deficit
American economy is deficit financing.
1. $23 billion during WWⅠ
2. $13 billion more during the 1930s
American Economy General Survey
Inflation Inflation is a general rise in the prices
of goods ad services, the real or purchasing power value of money is reduced. E.g. Three dollars are necessary today to buy what two dollars bought yesterday.
5
American Economy General Survey
Structure of the economy
1. Privately-owned business 2. State-owned business 3. non-profit organizations
6
American Economy General Survey
4. By 1998 the gross federal debt has reached $ 2 trillion
5. interest on the federal debt is over $ 150 billion a year.
11
American Economy Industries
10
American Economy General Survey
Deficit
American economy is deficit financing.
1. $23 billion during WWⅠ
2. $13 billion more during the 1930s
英语国家概况(美国经济)(课堂PPT)
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
1. The Colonial Period
❖Massachusetts—settled by Pilgrims to escape religious persecution
❖Other colonies—like Virginia and Pennsylvania, founded as business ventures
▪ contribution to England’s colonizing process of the would-be United States
▪ charter companies ▪ King provided a charter or grant conferring
economic rights as well as political and judicial authority
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
1. The Colonial Period
❖English investors turned over colonial charters to the settlers.
▪ enormous political implications
▪ small iron forges (冶炼厂)
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
1. The Colonial Period
Gristmill
Iron forge
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
1. The Colonial Period
❖Massachusetts—settled by Pilgrims to escape religious persecution
❖Other colonies—like Virginia and Pennsylvania, founded as business ventures
▪ contribution to England’s colonizing process of the would-be United States
▪ charter companies ▪ King provided a charter or grant conferring
economic rights as well as political and judicial authority
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
1. The Colonial Period
❖English investors turned over colonial charters to the settlers.
▪ enormous political implications
▪ small iron forges (冶炼厂)
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
1. The Colonial Period
Gristmill
Iron forge
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
英美概况美国经济ppt
● The census of 1890 wasthe first in which the output of American factories was shown to exceed that of American farms.Thereafter,industry in the United States grew by leaps and bounds.
“American system” of mass production
The application of new technologies to Industrial tasks
Emergency of new forms of business organization
Feature: gathered many workers together in one
workplace and produced goods for distribution over a wide area.
The first factory: a cotton textile mill in Pawtucket
Rhode Island build by Samue Slater,which combined carding,roving and spinning operation.
Robert Fulton
Samuel F. B. Morse Elias Howe Isaac Singer
Cyrus Field Alexander Graham Bell
Thomas Edison
Inventiห้องสมุดไป่ตู้n
First reliable Steam Engine
Cotton Gin, Interchangeable parts for muskets
“American system” of mass production
The application of new technologies to Industrial tasks
Emergency of new forms of business organization
Feature: gathered many workers together in one
workplace and produced goods for distribution over a wide area.
The first factory: a cotton textile mill in Pawtucket
Rhode Island build by Samue Slater,which combined carding,roving and spinning operation.
Robert Fulton
Samuel F. B. Morse Elias Howe Isaac Singer
Cyrus Field Alexander Graham Bell
Thomas Edison
Inventiห้องสมุดไป่ตู้n
First reliable Steam Engine
Cotton Gin, Interchangeable parts for muskets
美国经济(英文版)_PPT幻灯片
Proprietorship Partnerships corporations
Types of Businesses
Corporations are very important organization in the US society. They are the pillar and dynamic force.
A fourth development was the emergency of new forms of business organization, notably the bank and the corporation, which facilitated the growth of indussuch fields as: Information technology, computers, space, nuclear energy,
electronics and military products. It is the largest automobile maker of the world. US dollar is used as an international currency. Western economists regard the US as the dynamic and engine
American Economy
“The Wealth of Nations”
Adam Smith
Development of Free Enterprise
The story of American economic growth is a story of people inventing new devices and processes, starting new business and launching new ventures. For each of these endeavors, money is needed. That money is known as capital.
Types of Businesses
Corporations are very important organization in the US society. They are the pillar and dynamic force.
A fourth development was the emergency of new forms of business organization, notably the bank and the corporation, which facilitated the growth of indussuch fields as: Information technology, computers, space, nuclear energy,
electronics and military products. It is the largest automobile maker of the world. US dollar is used as an international currency. Western economists regard the US as the dynamic and engine
American Economy
“The Wealth of Nations”
Adam Smith
Development of Free Enterprise
The story of American economic growth is a story of people inventing new devices and processes, starting new business and launching new ventures. For each of these endeavors, money is needed. That money is known as capital.
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.
9
American Economy General Survey
Inflation
Inflation is a general rise in the prices of goods ad services, the real or purchasing power value of money is reduced.
Industries
.
12
American Economy Industries ------Sectors
1. Manufacturing 2. High Technology 3. Heavy Industry 4. Aviation 5. Car Industry
.
13
American Economy Industries ------Sectors
.
3
American Economy
Industrial Revolution
“The Wealth of Nations”
Adam Smith
.
4
American Economy General Survey
1. The structure of the economy 2. The position in the world 3. Inflation and Deficit
.
5Байду номын сангаас
American Economy General Survey
Structure of the economy
1. Privately-owned business 2. State-owned business 3. non-profit organizations
.
6
American Economy General Survey
Bretton Woods System 1. most major currencies are pegged to the US dollar 2. the dominant position of the dollar was formally
established in the Bretton Wood system which was held in 1945 at Bretton Woods in New Hampshire and attended by 45 countries. 3. The conference also set up the IMF (International Monetary Fund), the World Bank, and GATT( the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade), later known as WTO, it is a world trading system.
Chapter 3
American Economy
.
1
American Economy
Contents: 1. Industrial Revolution 2. General Survey 3. Industries 4. Agriculture
.
2
American Economy
Industrial Revolution
1. $23 billion during WWⅠ
2. $13 billion more during the 1930s
3. $200 billion more during WWⅡ
4. By 1998 the gross federal debt has reached $ 2 trillion
5. interest on the federal debt is over $ 150
billion a year.
.
11
American Economy Industries
1. Sectors of American Industries 2. Distribution of industries 3. Major Industrial Cities 4. Factors of the Development of
structure of the employees 1. self-employed (75%) 2. government workers (21%) 3. employees of nonprofit organizations
(4%)
.
7
American Economy General Survey
Adam Smith Alexander Hamilton Early American industries Second development A Third development A fourth development New era for the United States
Position of the American Economy 1. “superpower” in world affairs 2. dominant position of the dollar
“Bretton Woods System”
布雷顿森林体系/布莱登国际货币制度
.
8
American Economy General Survey
Manufacturing
The US manufacturing industry is the largest in the world, almost 3 times the size of Japan.
1. one quarter of GNP
2. one quarter of the national income
E.g. Three dollars are necessary today to buy what two dollars bought yesterday.
.
10
American Economy General Survey
Deficit
American economy is deficit financing.