表示方向地点和时间的副词介词短语置于句首时用完全倒装。常见的有PPT课件
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(2)neither/nor+be/助动词/情态动词+主语 I don’t know who he is,nor do I want to know. 我不知道他是谁,我也不想知道。
(3)在such/so...that ...结构中,“so/such+被修饰词”位于句首时,主句 用部分倒装。 So fast did he run that he was far ahead of others. 他跑得很快,远远领先于其他人。
2.具有否定意义的副词或短语如not,nor,neither,never,seldom,rarely, hardly,little,by no means,at no time,in no way,under no circumstances等位于句首时,句子用部分倒装。 Seldom had he seen a child with so much talent. 他以前难得见过如此有天赋的孩子。 By no means shall we give up.我们绝不会放弃。
3.在以下几个固定句式结构中,句子使用部分倒装。 (1)so+be/助动词/情态动词+主语 They love having lots of friends.So do those with disabilities. 他们喜欢拥有许多朋友,残疾人也是如此。
特别提示 so表示“是的,确实”,重复上文,表示赞同对方的观点时,主谓语不倒装。 —It is too hot.——天太热了。 —So it is.——是啊,的确很热。
特别提示 主语为代词时不倒装。 Out they rushed.他们冲了出去。
2.表语+连系动词+主语(表语是形容词、介词短语、动词-ing形式、过去分 词等)
Present at the meeting were Professor White,Professor Smith and many other guests. 出席会议的有怀特教授、史密斯教授,还有许多其他客人。 Such are the facts; no one can deny them. 这些就是事实,没有人可以否认。
特别提示 此结构连接主语时不倒装。 Not only he but also his parents are sick. 不但他而且他父母也病了。
(6)not until ...位于句首时,句子或主句用部分倒装。 Not until my son had entered the university did he realize the importance of time. 直到我儿子上了大学他才意识到时间的重要性。
(二)部分倒装
1.“only+状语(副词、介词短语或状语从句)”置于句首时,句子或者主句要 用部分倒装。
Only then did he realize that he had lost his way. 直到那时他才意识到自己迷路了。 Only when he returned did we find out the truth. 唯有他回来,我们才能弄明白事实。
(7)在hardly...when.../no sooner...than...结构中,hardly/no sooner位 于句首时,主句用部分倒装。 Hardly had she sat down when she heard someone knocking at the door. 她一坐下就听到有人敲门。 No sooner had she stepped out of the house than it began to rain. 她刚踏出家门天就下起雨来。
特别提示 单数可数名词表语提前时,省略其前的不定冠词。 Child as he is,he knows a lot. 虽然他还是个孩子,但他懂得很多。
(9)虚拟条件句若有had,were,should时,可省略if,从句用部分倒装。 Were I you,I would take his advice. 如果我是你,我会接受他的建议。 Should it rain tomorrow,the sports meeting would be put off. 如果明天下雨,运动会将会推迟。
特别提示 这两个结构都要求主句谓语用过去完成时。
(8)as/though引导的让步状语从句可以将句中状语、表语、动词原形提到句 首构成部分倒装。 Pretty as/though she is,she is not proud. 尽管她很漂亮,但她一点也不自负。 Try as he would,he might fail again. 尽管他还会尝试,但可能还会失败。
Leabharlann Baidu
(4)neither...nor...结构位于两个分句的句首时,用部分倒装。 Neither do I know it,nor do I care about it. 我不知道这件事,我也不在乎。
(5)在not only ...but (also)...结构中,not only位于句首时,第一个分句 用部分倒装。 Not only do I like painting,but I (also) take a course.我不但喜 欢画画,而且还上了绘画课。
十二、特殊句式及结构
语法专项·精讲 跟踪训练·运用
语法专项·精讲
考细点筛一选·倒巧装拓展 (一)完全倒装
1.表示方向、地点和时间的副词、介词短语置于句首时用完全倒装。常见的有:there, here,in,out,away,up,down,from,off,back,over,then,now,in the room,on the wall 等。 Here comes the bus.车来了。 In rushed the angry man. 那个生气的男人冲了进来。 Now is your turn. 现在轮到你了。 In front of the school gate is a big beautiful garden. 学校门前是一个漂亮的大花园。
(3)在such/so...that ...结构中,“so/such+被修饰词”位于句首时,主句 用部分倒装。 So fast did he run that he was far ahead of others. 他跑得很快,远远领先于其他人。
2.具有否定意义的副词或短语如not,nor,neither,never,seldom,rarely, hardly,little,by no means,at no time,in no way,under no circumstances等位于句首时,句子用部分倒装。 Seldom had he seen a child with so much talent. 他以前难得见过如此有天赋的孩子。 By no means shall we give up.我们绝不会放弃。
3.在以下几个固定句式结构中,句子使用部分倒装。 (1)so+be/助动词/情态动词+主语 They love having lots of friends.So do those with disabilities. 他们喜欢拥有许多朋友,残疾人也是如此。
特别提示 so表示“是的,确实”,重复上文,表示赞同对方的观点时,主谓语不倒装。 —It is too hot.——天太热了。 —So it is.——是啊,的确很热。
特别提示 主语为代词时不倒装。 Out they rushed.他们冲了出去。
2.表语+连系动词+主语(表语是形容词、介词短语、动词-ing形式、过去分 词等)
Present at the meeting were Professor White,Professor Smith and many other guests. 出席会议的有怀特教授、史密斯教授,还有许多其他客人。 Such are the facts; no one can deny them. 这些就是事实,没有人可以否认。
特别提示 此结构连接主语时不倒装。 Not only he but also his parents are sick. 不但他而且他父母也病了。
(6)not until ...位于句首时,句子或主句用部分倒装。 Not until my son had entered the university did he realize the importance of time. 直到我儿子上了大学他才意识到时间的重要性。
(二)部分倒装
1.“only+状语(副词、介词短语或状语从句)”置于句首时,句子或者主句要 用部分倒装。
Only then did he realize that he had lost his way. 直到那时他才意识到自己迷路了。 Only when he returned did we find out the truth. 唯有他回来,我们才能弄明白事实。
(7)在hardly...when.../no sooner...than...结构中,hardly/no sooner位 于句首时,主句用部分倒装。 Hardly had she sat down when she heard someone knocking at the door. 她一坐下就听到有人敲门。 No sooner had she stepped out of the house than it began to rain. 她刚踏出家门天就下起雨来。
特别提示 单数可数名词表语提前时,省略其前的不定冠词。 Child as he is,he knows a lot. 虽然他还是个孩子,但他懂得很多。
(9)虚拟条件句若有had,were,should时,可省略if,从句用部分倒装。 Were I you,I would take his advice. 如果我是你,我会接受他的建议。 Should it rain tomorrow,the sports meeting would be put off. 如果明天下雨,运动会将会推迟。
特别提示 这两个结构都要求主句谓语用过去完成时。
(8)as/though引导的让步状语从句可以将句中状语、表语、动词原形提到句 首构成部分倒装。 Pretty as/though she is,she is not proud. 尽管她很漂亮,但她一点也不自负。 Try as he would,he might fail again. 尽管他还会尝试,但可能还会失败。
Leabharlann Baidu
(4)neither...nor...结构位于两个分句的句首时,用部分倒装。 Neither do I know it,nor do I care about it. 我不知道这件事,我也不在乎。
(5)在not only ...but (also)...结构中,not only位于句首时,第一个分句 用部分倒装。 Not only do I like painting,but I (also) take a course.我不但喜 欢画画,而且还上了绘画课。
十二、特殊句式及结构
语法专项·精讲 跟踪训练·运用
语法专项·精讲
考细点筛一选·倒巧装拓展 (一)完全倒装
1.表示方向、地点和时间的副词、介词短语置于句首时用完全倒装。常见的有:there, here,in,out,away,up,down,from,off,back,over,then,now,in the room,on the wall 等。 Here comes the bus.车来了。 In rushed the angry man. 那个生气的男人冲了进来。 Now is your turn. 现在轮到你了。 In front of the school gate is a big beautiful garden. 学校门前是一个漂亮的大花园。