高考英语代词用法详解
高考英语语法专题复习 :专题10 代词(代词知识点整理总结)
高考英语语法专项复习代词知识点整理总结距离高考还有一段时间,不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生,愈是临近高考,能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节,态度是否主动积极,安排是否科学合理,能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战,其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料,希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率,希望对你有所帮助,有志者事竟成!养成良好的答题习惯,是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前,要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项,并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时,切忌跟着感觉走,最好按照题目序号来做,不会的或存在疑问的,要做好标记,要善于发现,找到题目的题眼所在,规范答题,书写工整;答题完毕时,要认真检查,查漏补缺,纠正错误。
总之,在最后的复习阶段,学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候,学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式,最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心,考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”,遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后,考生越要回归基础,单词最好再梳理一遍,这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
一、代词的分类二、代词的用法考点一it, that, one(s), those的用法1.it代替的是前面提到的同一事物,即同名同物,所代替的名词可以是可数名词,也可以是不可数名词。
如:I’d like to look at that atlas. May I borrow it?我想看看那张地图,我能借用一下吗(it代替可数名词atlas)?2.one叫作泛指代词代替的是前面提到的同名异物中的任何一个,所代替名词是可数名词单数,其前可带冠词与修饰语。
如果代替复数名词,则用ones。
如:①The population problem may be the greatest one in the world today.人口问题可能是当今世界上最大的一个问题。
高考英语代词用法详解
高考英语代词用法详解一、单项选择代词1.---Would you like some chicken?---Yes, please. It's my favourite. I think is more delicious than chicken.A.anything B.somethingC.nothing D.everything【答案】C【解析】考查代词。
句意:---你要鸡肉吗?--是的-。
这是我的最爱。
我想鸡肉是最好吃的食物。
否定代词加比较级构成最高级,故选C。
2.--Do you know the 3G mobile phone will come into the market soon?--Really? It is said to be superior ____any other model. I can’t wait to buy ____.A.to ; one B.than; one C.to ; it D.than; it【答案】A【解析】短语搭配be superior to 比…高级;one相当于a phone。
“你知道吗3G手机很快会进入市场”“真的吗?据说比其他类型的手机高级我迫不及待的想买一部”。
选A3.— You seem busy these days.—Yes. I’m writing a story. You know, it’s really not easy to write ______ with attractive plots. A.this B.it C.one D.that【答案】C【解析】句意:你近些天看起来很忙。
是的,我在写故事,你知道,写一个有吸引力的情节的故事不容易。
.it/one /that三者均可用作代词,指代前面提到的名词.一般说来,it指代同名同物; one与that则指代同名异物.one与that虽可用来指代同名异物,但one为泛指,相当于a/an +名词; that为特指,相当于the +名词.所以one所指代的名词的修饰语一般为 a/an /some /any; that所指代的名词的修饰语往往是the /this /that。
高考英语知识点代词归纳
高考英语知识点代词归纳高考英语知识点代词● one泛指一个人或物?其复数形式为ones one和the one作同位语时,如果与其同位的词语是特指,则用the one;如果是泛指,则用one,● that指代前面提到过的名词,常有后置定语 that的复数形式是those that可指代单数可数名词(= the one), 也可指代不可数名词,或指代前面提到过的一件事● it可指代前面提到过的一个名词,如例7;指代一件事,如例8;指代不明性别的婴儿或不明确的人,也可指代时间?天气?距离等0二、考查all, both, either, neither, none, no one的用法[考点解读]● both表示"两个人或物都",具有肯定含义; either表示"两者中的任何一个",如例13; neither表示"两者都不"高考英语必考重点句型句型1would rather that somebody did…"宁愿……;更愿意……"(表示现在或将来的愿望)would rather that somebody had done…"宁愿……;更愿意……"(表示过去的愿望)[例句]I'd rather you posted the letter right now. 我想让你现在去寄信。
I'd rather you were not a celebrated actor. In that case, we could spend more time together.我到情愿你不是个知名演员,这样我们可以有更多的时间在一起。
I'd rather that I hadn't seen her yesterday. 我情愿昨天没有看到她。
句型2as if/though+主语+did/had done…好像……(表示现在或将来的情况用过去时;表示过去的情况用过去完成时)[参考句型4][例句]Our head teacher treats us as if we were her own children, so all the students in our class think highly of her.Alan talked about Rome as if he had been there. Alan谈起罗马来就好像他去过那里似的。
代词的用法归纳总结
代词的用法归纳总结1.主格代词作为主语或主语补语出现。
如:I am a student. He is tall.2.宾格代词作为直接宾语,间接宾语或介词宾语出现。
如:Mary gave me a book. She talked to him. The cat is playing with them.3.形容词性物主代词用来修饰名词,表示名词的所有者。
如:My book is on the table. His hat is black.4.名词性物主代词直接代替名词,表示名词所代表的意义。
如:My is here. Yours is over there.5.反身代词表示做主语的人或物同时也是动词的宾语,为自己而行动或受到影响。
如:I hurt myself. She taught herself to drive.6.强调代词用来强调在句子中重要的部分。
如:It was John who won the game. I myself will finish the work.7.关系代词引导定语从句并在从句中担任主语、宾语或表语。
如:The girl who stands next to you is my sister.8.疑问代词用于疑问句中,用来代替并询问事物的种类、数量、性质等。
如:What is your name? How much does it cost?拓展:在口语中,有时会使用“they”代替“he/she”来避免性别歧视和麻烦。
例如:If someone wants to lend money, they have to show proof of income.此外,在一些方言或英语口音中,也会出现一些不规范的代词用法。
高考英语语法代词考点归纳
高考英语语法代词考点归纳在高考英语中,几乎每一年都会有对英语代词的直接考题,有的出现在单项填空,有的出现在完形填空或短文改错中。
下面由店铺为你提供的高考英语语法代词考点归纳,希望能帮到你。
高考英语语法代词考点归纳一I. 代词可以分为以下八大类1人称代词主格I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they宾格me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them形容词性物主代词my, your, his, her, its, our, their名词性物主代词mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs 2反身代词myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,ourselves, yourselves, themselves3指示代词this, that, these, those, such, some4疑问代词who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever,whichever, whatever5关系代词/连接代词that, which, who, whom, whose,as6不定代词one/ some/ any,each/ every,none/ no,many/ much, few/ little/ a few/ a littleother/ another, all/ both, neither/ either7相互代词each other,one another高考英语语法代词考点归纳二II. 不定代词用法注意点类别区别例句one, some,any和it one可以泛指人或者事(东西),其复数为ones ①We’ve been looking at the houses but haven’t found ___ we like yet.A.oneB.onesC.itD.them②Cars do cause us some health problems — in fact far moreserious _______ than mobile phones do.A.oneB.onesC.itD.thosesome可用于疑问句中,表示盼望得到肯定的答复,或者表示建议,请求等—Your coffee smells great! —It’s from Mexico.Would you like ________?A.itB.someC.thisD.1ittlesome 和any修饰可数名词单数时,some表示某个,any表示任何一个①I have read this article in some magazin e. Please correct the mistakes, if any.②—Which of the three ways shall I take to the village?—________way as you please.A.EachB.EveryC.AnyD.Eitherone指同类中的一个,it指代同一种类的东西。
高考英语代词知识点归纳
高考英语代词知识点归纳在高考英语考试中,代词是一个常考的知识点。
代词在句子中起到替代名词的作用,可以使语言更加简洁明了。
在理解代词的用法和掌握代词之间的关系上,是高考英语考试中的一个重要方面。
本文将对高考英语代词的知识点进行归纳,帮助考生更好地掌握这一知识点。
一、人称代词人称代词分为主格和宾格两种形式。
主格代词用于作主语,宾格代词用于作宾语或补语。
例如:I am a student. (我是一个学生。
)Can you help us? (你能帮助我们吗?)二、物主代词物主代词用于表示所属关系。
在英语中,物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
例如:That is my book. (那是我的书。
)Those bags are hers. (那些袋子是她的。
)三、反身代词反身代词用于表示动作的承受者与行为者是同一个人或事物。
反身代词一般放在动词或介词之后。
例如:He hurt himself in the accident. (在事故中,他伤到了自己。
)四、指示代词指示代词用于指示特定的人或事物。
指示代词包括近指代词和远指代词。
例如:This is my new car. (这是我的新车。
)That is a beautiful garden. (那是一个美丽的花园。
)五、疑问代词疑问代词用于提问特定的人或事物。
疑问代词包括who, whom, whose, which, what等。
例如:Who is the tallest boy in your class? (你们班最高的男生是谁?)Which do you prefer, coffee or tea? (你更喜欢咖啡还是茶?)六、非限定性代词非限定性代词用于表示不确定或泛指的事物。
非限定性代词包括some, any, both, all等。
例如:Some people say that love is blind. (有人说爱情是盲目的。
高中英语语法——代词的用法
来代替“形容词性物主代词+名词”的形式。 如:My bag is yellow, her bag is red, his bag is blue
2) 名词性物主代词的句法功能 a. 作主语 如: May I use your pen? Yours works better. b. 作宾语 如:I love my motherland as much as you love
yours. 我爱我的祖国就像你爱你的祖国一样深。 c. 作介词宾语
His cap 意为 The cap is his.
D) 可以说 a friend of mine (ours, yours, hers, his, theirs),=one of my friends;但是不能说 a friend of me (us, you, her, him, them)。
这三种代词都有人称(一、二、三人称) 的变化、数(单、复数)的变化,以及性 (阴性、阳性、中性)的变化。其中,人 称代词除了这三种变化外,还有格(主格、 宾格)的变化。
物主代词又包括两种形式:形容词性物主 代词和名词性物主代词。
特别注意:形容词性物主代词its没有相应 的名词性物主代词。
这三种代词的形式变化表如下
人称 单复数 主 格
宾格
形容词性 名词性 物主代词 物主代词
反身代词
第一 单 数
I
me
人称 复 数
we
us
第二 单 数
高考英语知识点解析代词的指代关系与用法
高考英语知识点解析代词的指代关系与用法高考英语知识点解析:代词的指代关系与用法在高考英语中,代词是一个重要的语法知识点,掌握代词的指代关系与用法对于理解和表达英语句子至关重要。
代词是用来代替名词或名词短语的词,它们可以使语言更加简洁、避免重复。
下面我们就来详细探讨一下高考中常见的代词及其指代关系与用法。
一、人称代词人称代词是表示“我”“你”“他/她/它”“我们”“你们”“他们/她们/它们”的词。
1、主格人称代词:I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they主格人称代词在句子中作主语,例如:“I am a student”(我是一名学生。
)“They are playing football”(他们正在踢足球。
)2、宾格人称代词:me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them宾格人称代词在句子中作宾语,位于动词或介词之后,例如:“She loves me”(她爱我。
)“Give it to him”(把它给他。
)需要注意的是,人称代词的主格和宾格在句子中的位置和用法是不同的,不能混淆。
二、物主代词物主代词表示所属关系,分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
1、形容词性物主代词:my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their形容词性物主代词具有形容词的性质,其后必须跟名词,例如:“This is my book”(这是我的书。
)“Their classroom is big”(他们的教室很大。
)2、名词性物主代词:mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs名词性物主代词具有名词的性质,后面不能跟名词,相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,例如:“This book is mine”(这本书是我的。
)“The pen is hers”(这支笔是她的。
)在使用物主代词时,要根据句子的语境和表达的需要选择合适的形式。
高考英语 代词、介词和介词短语词(解析版)
代词、介词和介词短语考点01 代词1.(2024年浙江卷1月·语法填空)Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking ________ (one) may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well.【答案】ones【解析】考查代词。
句意:谁知道呢,也许一些更有远见的人可能还会推出一系列“只为你”的包装尺寸,并提供特别优惠。
代词one意为“一个人”,在some of后应用复数形式。
故填ones。
preserved for all people of the nation to enjoy-as a national park.【答案】its【解析】考查代词。
句意:这个地方,以其独特而令人惊叹的自然美景,必须被妥善保存供全国人民欣赏。
这里“它们”用形容词性物主代词做定语修饰名词beauty。
3.(2023年全国甲卷改错)In that class, Miss Zhao, our biology teacher, showed we insects on stamps.【答案】we→us【解析】考查代词。
句意:在那节课上,我们的生物老师赵老师给我们看了邮票上的昆虫。
作动词show的宾语,应用宾格us。
故we改为us。
4.(2023年全国乙卷改错)Last Friday my mom decided to color his hair. She studied with all the hair products at the drugstore.【答案】his → her【解析】考查代词。
句意:上周五,我妈妈决定染头发。
此处指“我妈妈染她的头发”,应用代词her。
故his 改为her。
5.(2022年北京卷语法填空)Since people can’t always eat out or cook for ________ (they), they get takeout or order delivery.【答案】themselves【解析】考查反身代词。
代词的用法总结讲义高考英语一轮复习
代词(一)人称代词、物主代词与反身代词1.基本用法我有计划地做家务。
2.This is not my book, mine (my book)is over there.不是我的书,我的书在那边。
3.Give me your books,please.请把你的书给我。
2.反身代词的习惯用法当他还是一个孩子的时候,他就能自学英语.2.She is talking to herself.她在自言自语。
3.Help yourself to some fish.请随便吃些鱼吧。
4.Please make yourself at home.请别客气。
it的用法总结1.it的基本用法3.it的常用短语或句型①It all depends/that all depends 看情况②make it获得成功;赶上③as it is 事实上; 象现在这样④as it were也就是说,可以说,换句话说⑤that's it 至此为止,没有别的了⑥Take it easy.要慌,别担心⑦See to it that ... 确保……⑧as someone puts it 像某人所说的那样⑨Take it or leave it. 要么接受要么放弃⑩I take it that ... 我理解的是……11When it es to ...当涉及/谈到……12I can't help it (...) (……)我没办法/情不自禁13It's up to sb. 由……决定,由……负责,取决于……14It is/has been ...since ... 自从……已过了……时间了15count on/rely on/depend on it that ...相信……16It's the first/second/...time that sb.have/has done sth.这是某人第一次/二次/……次做某事了17It will be/was ...before ...要过……时间才……/在……之前已过了……时间It's hard to make it to the top in show business.在演艺圈要出人头地是很难的。
代词高考知识点总结大全
代词高考知识点总结大全一、代词的种类1. 人称代词:包括主格和宾格两种形式,主格用来作主语或表语,宾格用来作宾语。
例如:I(我)、you(你)、he(他)、she(她)、it(它)、we(我们)、they(他们)等。
2. 物主代词:用来表示所属关系,包括形容词性物主代词和代词性物主代词。
形容词性物主代词用在名词前,代词性物主代词则可以直接替代名词。
例如:my(我的)、your(你的)、his(他的)、her(她的)、its(它的)、our(我们的)、their(他们的)等。
3. 反身代词:用来指示动作的执行者同时也是动作的承受者,即“自己”。
例如:myself(我自己)、yourself(你自己)、himself(他自己)、herself(她自己)、itself(它自己)、ourselves(我们自己)、yourselves(你们自己)、themselves(他们自己)等。
4. 指示代词:用来指示人或物的特点或位置,包括人称和物主两种形式。
例如:this(这个)、that(那个)、these(这些)、those(那些)等。
5. 疑问代词:用来引导疑问句,可以代替名词或代词。
例如:who(谁)、whom(谁)、whose(谁的)、which(哪个)、what(什么)等。
6. 关系代词:用来引导定语从句,代替先行词并在从句中作某一句子成分。
例如:who (谁)、whom(谁)、whose(谁的)、which(哪个)、what(什么)等。
7. 不定代词:指代不特指的人或事物,没有明确的指示对象。
例如:somebody(某人)、anybody(任何人)、nobody(没有人)、something(某物)、anything(任何事物)、nothing(没有东西)等。
二、代词的用法1. 人称代词的用法:用作主语时,要和谓语动词的数保持一致;用作宾语时,要根据动词的情况选择宾格或者主格形式;用作表语时,要选择主格形式。
高考英语代词知识点归纳总结
高考英语代词知识点归纳总结代词是英语中常用的一种词类,用来代替名词或名词短语,以避免重复使用。
掌握代词的使用是英语学习的基础,对于高考英语而言尤为重要。
本文将对高考英语代词的知识点进行归纳总结,帮助考生复习和掌握该部分内容。
一、人称代词人称代词用来代替特定的人或物,根据在句子中的起作用不同分为主格和宾格两种形式。
1. 主格人称代词:I, you, he, she, it, we, they- I喜欢跳舞。
I like dancing.- You应该努力学习。
You should study hard.- He是我的老师。
He is my teacher.- She喜欢阅读。
She enjoys reading.- It是一只猫。
It is a cat.- We是一家人。
We are a family.- They在玩游戏。
They are playing games.2. 宾格人称代词:me, you, him, her, it, us, them- Tom请我吃饭。
Tom invited me to have dinner.- Can you帮助我吗? Can you help me?- Lily看见了他。
Lily saw him.- I love her. 我爱她。
- It is给我。
It is for me.- Please帮助我们。
Please help us.- I saw them at the park. 我在公园看到了他们。
二、物主代词物主代词用来表示所属关系,分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种形式。
1. 形容词性物主代词:my, your, his, her, its, our, their- This is我的书。
This is my book.- Is this你的钱包? Is this your wallet?- That is他的狗。
That is his dog.- Her手机丢了。
高考英语语法代词详解
高考英语语法(Fa)代词详解高考对代词的考查主要是人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词和(He)关系代词等.设置特定的语境,对代词的数、性、格的变化进行考查仍(Reng)然是高考的热点.Ⅰ代词(Ci)的分类1.人称代(Dai)词:主格I, we, you, he, she, it, they宾格me, us, you, him, her, it, them2.物主代词:形容词性my, our, your, his, her, its, their名词性mine, ours, yours, his, hers, its, theirs3.反身代词:单数myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself复数ourselves, yourselves, themselves4.相互代词:each other (两者之间相互);one another (两者以上的相互)5.指示代词:this, that, these, those6.疑问代词:who, whom, whose, which, what7.关系代词:who, whom, whose, that(指人),which, that, as, whose (指物)8.不定代词:all, each, either, neither, both, none, other, another, something, everything, nothing somebody, everybody, nobody someone, everyone, no one, many, much, few, less一、人称代词单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称人称代词主格I you he,she,itwe you they宾格me you him,her,itus you them人称代词的用法1.人称代词的主格在句子中作主语或主语补足语.如:John waited a while but eventually he went home.约翰等了一会儿,最后(Hou)他回家了. John hoped the passenger would be Mary and indeed it was she.说明:在复合(He)句中,如果主句和从句主语相同,代词主语要用在从句中,名词主语用在主句中.Whe n he arrived,John went straight to the bank.约(Yue)翰一到就直接去银行了.2.人称代词的宾格在句子(Zi)中作宾语或介词宾语,但在口语中也能作主语补语,第一人称在省略句中,还可以作主语.如(Ru):I saw her with them;at least,I thought it washer.(第一个her作动词宾语,them作介词宾语,第二个her作表语)—Who broke the vase?谁打碎了花瓶?—Me.我.3.人称代词之主、宾格的替换(1)宾格代替主格在简短对话中,当人称代词单独使用或在not 后,多用宾语.—I like English..—Me too.—Have more wine?—Not me..在表示比较的非正式的文体中,常用宾格代替主格. 但如果比较状语的谓语保留,则主语只能用主格.He is taller than I/me. He is taller than I am.2)主格代替宾格在介词but,except后,有时可用主格代替宾格.在电话用语中常用主格.—I wish to speak to Mary..—This is she.注意:在动词be 或to be后的人称代词视其前面的名词或代词而定.I thought it was she.我以为是她.(主格——主格)I thought it to be her.(宾格——宾格)I was taken to be she.我被当成了她.(主格——主格)They took me to be her.他们把我当成了她.(宾格——宾格)4.代词的指代问题1)不定代词 anybody,everybody,nobody,anyone, someone, everyone,no one,及whoever和person在正式场合使用时,可用he,his,him代替.如:Nobody came,did he?2)动物名(Ming)词的指代一般用it或they代替,有时也用he,she,带有亲切的感情色彩.如(Ru):Give the cat some food.She is hungry..3)指代车(Che)或国家,船舶的名词,含感情色彩时常用she.5.并列人称代词(Ci)的排列顺序1)单数人称代(Dai)词并列作主语时,其顺序为:第二人称→ 第三人称→第一人称,即you→ he/she; it → I.如:You,he and I should return on time.你,他还有我应该按时回来.2)复数人称代词作主语时,其顺序为:第一人称→ 第二人称→第三人称,即we→you→they.在下列情况中,第一人称放在前面.在承认错误,承担责任时.It was I and John that made herangry.是我和约翰惹她生气了.在长辈对晚辈,长官对下属说话时,如长官为第一人称,如:I and you try to finish it.并列主语只有第一人称和第三人称时.当其他人称代词或名词被定语从句修饰时.二、物主代词物主代词是表示所有关系的代词,也可叫做代词所有格.物主代词分形容性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种,其人称和数的变化见下表.单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称物主代词形容词性my your his,her,its our your their名词性mine your shis,hers,itsours yours theirsOur school is here,and theirs is there.我们的学校在这儿,他们的在那儿.1.物主代词的用法1)物主代词既有表示所属的作用又有指代作用.如:John had cut his finger; apparently there was a broken glass on his desk.?2)物主(Zhu)代词有形容词性(my,your等)和名词性(mine,yours等)两种,形容词性的物主代词属于限定词.名词性的物主代词在用法上相当于省略了(Liao)中心名词的’s属格结构.如(Ru):Jack’s cap意(Yi)为The cap is Jack’s .His cap意(Yi)为The cap is his.2.名词性物主代词的句法功能1)作主语.如:May I use your pen? Yours works better.2)作宾语.如:I love my motherland as much as you love yours.3)作介词宾语.如:You should interpret what I said in my sense of the word,not in yours.4)作表语.如:The life I have is yours.It’s yours.It’s yours.3.双重所有格物主代词不可与a,an,this,that,these,those,some,any,several,no,each,every,such,another ,which等词一起前置,修饰一个名词,而必须用双重所有格.公式为:a,an,this,that+名词+of+名词性物主代词.三、指示代词指示代词表示“那个”“这个”“这些”“那些”等指示概念的代词.指示代词有this,that,these,those等.如:That is a good idea.指示代词的用法1.指示代词分单数(this/that)和复数(these/those)两种形式,既可作限定词又可作代词.2.指示代词的句法功能.1)作主语.如:This is the way to do it.2)作宾语.如:I like this better than that.3)作表语.如:My point is this.4)作介词宾语.如:I don’t say no to that. There is no fear of that.说明1:指示代词在作主语时可指物也可指人,但作其他句子成分时只能指物,不能指人.如:(对)Th at is my teacher.那是我的老师.(that作主语,指人)(对)He is going to marry this girl.他要和这个姑娘结婚.(this作限定词)(错)He is going to marry this.(this作宾语时(Shi)不能指人)(对)I bought this.我买这(Zhe)个.(this指物,可作(Zuo)宾语)说明2:that和those可作定语从句的先行词,但this和these不能,同时,在作先行词时,只有those可指人,试比较(Jiao):(对)He admired that which looked beautiful.(对) He admired those who looked beautiful.他赞赏(Shang)那些外表漂亮的人.(those指人)(错) He admired that who danced well.(that作宾语时不能指人)(对)He admired those who danced well.他赞赏跳舞好的人.(those指人)(对)He admired those which looked beautiful.他赞赏那些外表漂亮的东西.(those指物)四、反身代词表示“我自己”“你自己”“他自己”“我们自己”“你们自己”和“他们自己”等的代词,叫做自身代词,也称为“反身代词”.如:She was talking to herself.她自言自语.反身代词单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称myself yourself himselfherselfitselfourselves yourselves themselves反身代词的用法1.作宾语,如1)有些动词需有反身代词,如absent,bathe,amuse,blame,dry,cut,enjoy,hurt,introduce,behave等.如:We enjoyed ourselves very much last night.Please help yourself to some fish.2)用于及物动词+宾语+介词,如:take pride in,be annoyed with,help oneself to sth等.I could not dress(myself)up at that time.注:有些动词后不跟反身代词,如:get up,stand up,wake up等.Please sit down.2.用作表语.如.I am not myself today.3.用作(Zuo)同位语.如(Ru)The thing itself is not important.4.在不(Bu)强调的情况下,but,except,for 等介词后宾语用反身代词或人称代词宾格均可.注(Zhu)意:1)反身代词本身不能单独作(Zuo)主语.(错)Myself drove the car.(对)I myself drove the car.我自己开车.2)但在and,or,nor连接的并列主语中,第二个主语可用反身代词,特别是myself 作主语.Charles and myself saw it.查尔斯和我看见了这件事.五、相互代词表示相互关系的代词叫相互代词,有each other和oneanother两个词组.他们表示句中动词所叙述的动作或感觉在涉及的各个对象之间是相互存在的.如:It is easy to see that the people of different cultures have always copied each other.,相互借鉴的相互代词宾格each other,one another所有格each other’s,one another’s相互代词的句法功能1.作动词宾语.如:People should love one another.人们应当彼此相爱.2.可作介词宾语.Dogs bark,cocks crow,frogs croak to each other.犬吠、鸡鸣、蛙儿对唱.说明:传统语法认为,相互关系存在于两个人或物之间用each other,存在于两个以上人和物之间用one another.现代英语中,两组词交替使用的实例也很多.He put all the books beside each other/one another.他把所有书并列摆放起来.Usually these small groups were independent of each other.这些小团体通常是相互独立的.3.相互代词可加’s构成所有格.如:The students borrowed each other’s notes.六、不定代词不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词.常见的不定代词有all,both,each,every等,以及含有some,any,no等的合成代词,如anybody,something,noone.这些不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词,在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语,但none和由some,any ,no等构成的复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语或表语;every和no只能作定语.如:—Do you have a car?— Yes,I have one.—I don’t know any of them.他们,Ⅱ代词的用法1. nothing, none, no onenone作为代词,最常用来表示数量,它可以(Yi)是一个可数的概念(howmany)也可以是一个不可数的概念(howmuch),或者any引起的问题;而nothing是相对于something(有某物)什么都没有,它回答的是“What isin/on...”的问题;而no one=nobody没有人,它回答的是“Who didthat?”(谁……)或是anyone(有没有人)的问题.2. one, ones, that, those, it(1)one和ones可以(Yi)用来代替前面提到过的可数名词,one代单数(Shu),ones代复数,其(Qi)中:两者都可以指代物(Wu)(只要是可数)one前面一般不加a,因为它本身有“一个”的意思,但如果one前面有形容词修饰,则需要加a/an.one可以单独使用,意思为“任何人”.例如:—Shall we have a rest?—Didn’t we just have one?(因为one=a something)One should always believe in oneself.(2)that与those:that可以代替前面提到的不可数名词或可数名词单数(相当于the one;而those代替前面提到的复数名词,有时可以用the ones替换.例如:The population of China is bigger than that of India. (that=the population)The boy told his story and that of the girl next room.(that=the story)The cell phones we made nowadays are better than those/the ones made 2 years ago.(those=the cell phones=the ones)(3)one和(He)it:两者都可以用来代替前(Qian)面出现过的单数名词,one指这类东西中(Zhong)的任何一个,指类属,泛指.it指前面(Mian)所指的同一物.例(Li)如:I need a pen to sign my name. Can I have one? (one =a pen) I cannot find my new pen. Have you seen it?(it指那支新钢笔)3. another, the other, other, others, the others(1)another和the other:两者都是“另一个”的意思,但数量上有区别:用another指两个以上的数量,而theother只指两个中的另一个,例如:He has three brothers, one is a teacher, another is a doctor and the third is an engineer.注:another除了可以作代词,还可以用作形容词.这里有必要区别another, theother和more的用法:①another:another表“另一个”时只跟可数名词单数,而表“另外的、额外的、附加的”时,可跟带有few或具体数字的复数名词,此时可把“数词+复数名词”看作是一个整体.例如:—Have you finished your report yet?—No,I will finish it in another 10 minutes.There is room for another few people in the back of the bus.②other:表“另外的”接复数名词,如与具体数词连用,则置于数词之后,但与定冠词the连用时,other要放在数词前.例如:Tony is going camping with two other little boys next Sunday.Do you know where he found the other two photos?③more:more一般位于数词之后,名词之前,有时也可置于名词之后.例如:One more step(One step more),and I’ll shoot you.Where shall we be in ten more years?more除跟数词外,还可与many, a little,a few,a lot,several等词连用,例如:There are many more dictionaries on the desk.Would you like some more tea?(2) others, the othersothers是相对于(Yu)some来说的:some...some....others...(一些(Xie)……一些……另一些……)是泛指;而(Er)the others是特(Te)指另一些,相对于ones(可以理解为one, the other的(De)复数).例如:Class 1 are cleaning the classroom. Some are sweeping the floor, some are cleaning the window, and others are washing the blackboard. (泛指)There are only 20 students in the classroom, where are the others.(特指)4. both, other, neither, each, any, allboth:两者都,谓语动词用复数;either:两者中间的任何一个,谓语动词用单数;neither:两者中间无任何一个,谓语动词多用单数,也可以用复数;each:两个或两个以上中的每一个,谓语动词用单数;any:三者或三者以上中的任何一个,谓语动词用单数;all:三者或三者以上全部;5. some, any, nosome属于肯定词,主要用于肯定句中,但当说话人期待肯定回答时,也可以用于疑问句中.例如:Could I have some more tea, please? Would you like some more coffee?any属于非肯定词,主要用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中.它可以与形容词的比较级连用.例如:D on’or I’ll shoot!no属于否定词,用于否定句中:no+可数名词单数=not a/an no+可数名词复数=notany.例如:There is no such thing as a free lunch in the world.【考点诠释】纵观历年高考试题,代词的主要考点主要集中在以下几个方面:不定代词one,the one,ones,the ones;物主代词的用法;人称代词主格和宾格的用法;表示两者和多者的不定代词的比较;指示代词this,that,these,those,it的用法;another,(the)other(s),else;the rest的用法;every-,some-,any-,no-与-thing,-one,-body构成的复合不定代词的用法.考点1 人(Ren)称代词一般地说人称代词作主语时用主格;作宾语时用宾格;作定语时用形容词性物主代词;名词性物主代词可以(Yi)代替“形容词性物主代词+名词”.但口语中,在无动词的句子里,往往用代词的宾格(Ge)形式.1.用于无谓(Wei)语的句子中一Dpes any of you know why Jack hasn’?一Me..答语如果带谓语,就(Jiu)得用主格,如:I can.和I do,too./So do I.2.表示惊奇、猜疑、反问、不满、厌烦等①Do you have good eyesight,young man?一Me?I can see a sparrow two hundred paces away.②What?Me fight a big chap like him?Not me!3.代替as,than等连词之后的主格(多用于口语中,尤其用于句末)①I’m not as tall as him(he)..②)She is much more careful than me(I).她比我细心得多.当这类人称代词带有all,both等同位语时,用宾格的形式就更为常见了.如:He works harder than us a11.典例:Our neighbers gave a baby bird yesterday that hurt when it fell from its nest. A.us;it B.us;itself C.ourselves;itself D.ourselves;it考点2指不代词1.this/these,that/thosethis,these指代下面要说的内容;that,those指代上面陈述过的内容.如:①What I’d like to say about how to improve our spoken English is like this.②That’sa11.Thank you.③Salaries are higher here than those in my hometown.2.一些习惯说法中this和that的用法比较固定①Who’s that?你是谁?②)This is Mary.③11at’s all right/OK..(对感谢的答语)④nat’S nothing..(对道歉的答语) ‘⑤That’s that.(表示决定不能更改)⑥That’S a11.就这些了.⑦That is…那就是……3.this,that有时可以用作副词,意为“这么,那么”,用在形容词或副词前作状语,表示程度It isn’t that cold.还(Huan)没那么冷.考点3不(Bu)定代词以下是几组(Zu)易混不定代词:1.some类不定代(Dai)词与any类不定代词(1)some类不定代词多用于肯定句中(Zhong);any类的多用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句中.如:Raise your hands if you have any questions.如果你们有问题,请举手.(2)但在表示客气的请求或希望对方给予肯定回答的疑问句中,要用some类的不定代词.如:Would you like something to drink?你要喝点什么吗?(3)any类的不定代词用在肯定句中,表示“任何(一个);任何事情;无论什么”.如:She promised that she could do anything for you.她许诺能为你做任何事情.2.all,both,neither,none(1)all指三者或三者以上“都”,both指两者“都”.如:①Both(of)his hands were wounded.②All(of)his fingers were wounded.(2)neither表示“两个都不”,常和of连用,放在带有冠词、物主代词或指示代词的复数名词之前,作主语时,谓语动词可以用单数或复数;none表示三个或三个以上“都不”,可用于人,也可用于物,后可接of短语,与复数名词、代词或单数集合名词连用作主语,指人时,谓语动词用单、复数皆可;指物时,只用第三人称单数形式.如:①Neither of the twins is/are correct.②None of us has/have ever been to the Great wall.3.any,either,each,every(1)any一般用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中.也可用在肯定句中,以加强语气,表示“任一”的概念;还可以用来修饰可数名词单数,表示三者或三者以上中的“任何一个”.如:I didn’t eat any meat.我一点儿肉也没吃.4.no,none,nothing,nobody(1)no不能单独使用,相当于not a或not any,作定语修饰可数名词或不可数名词.如:You have no sympathy for the sufferings of others.你对别人的痛苦没有同情心.(2)none既可以指人,也可以指物,侧重指三者或三者以上的人或物,用于回答how many/much引导的疑问句,可与介词of连用.如:①None of the books is suitable for the young.这些书都不适合(He)年轻人读.②一(Yi)How many people are there in the room?一None.没人.(3)nobody指人,用于回答who引导的疑(Yi)问句;nothing指物,用于回答what引导的疑问句.如(Ru):一(Yi)Who is in the room?谁在屋内? 一Nobody.没有人.5.it,one,ones, that和those(1)it特指上文所提到的同一个物,它所代替的名词常由the,this,that等修饰.one指上文提到的同类事物中的一个,不特指,被指代的名词通常由不定代词some或any修饰.如:①Where is that book?I can’t find it.那本书在哪儿?我找不到它.②I haven’t got any erasers.Will you please give me one?我没有橡皮,请你给我一块好吗?(2)one与that都可用来代替上文中出现的名词,one前要用定冠词the,有时that和the one可互换使用.如:The book isn’t so interesting as the one/that you borrowed.(3)但that和one在多数情况下是不能互换的,主要区别在于:that既可代替可数名词,也可代替不可数名词,常要求有后置定语,一般不指人,复数形式为those.one只能代替可数名词单数,复数形式为ones.当可数名词前有形容词修饰时,只能用one,不用that.当of短语作可数名词的后置定语时,用that,不用one.如:①The best cigarettes are those from Yunnan.②The boy told me his story and that of the girl next door.Your coat is blue,and my new one is green.你的大衣是蓝色的,我的新大衣是绿色的.(4)the ones用来代替上文提到的特指的复数名词,有时可以用those代替,尤其在有后置定语的情况下.如:The books on the desk are better than those/the ones under the desk.6.another,other,others,more(1)another既可以单独使用,也可以用于单数名词前,泛指三者或三者以上中的“另外一个人或物”.还可以用“another+数量词+复数名词”,表示”再,又”.如:①was there another way out? ②we’d better wait another five mi nutes.特别提示表示“另外一个学生”只能用another student,不能说成another one student.(2)other不能单独使用,应用于复数名词前,表示另外的某些人或物,也可以用在some,any,no之(Zhi)后,或具体数词之后,再接名词,构成”不定代词或具体数词+other+名词”;接单数名词时,还可以用在冠词the后,特指两个人或物中的另外一个(可以省略为the other),或特指另外的某些人或物(可以省略为the others),others泛指”其他的(事物),别人”.如(Ru):Done remained and the other went away.②We should learn to treat others as equals.7.something,anything,everything,nothing(1)something一般用在肯定句中(Zhong),也可以用在表示邀请、征询意见的委婉问句中.如(Ru):Could you do something for me?请为我(Wo)做点事好吗?(2)anything用在否定句、疑问句或条件句中.如:There isn’t anything inside.(3)everything意为”一切事物”,可用在肯定句或疑问句中.用于否定句时,表示部分否定;表示全部否定时要用nothing或not anything.如:Everything is good when new,but friends when old.东西是新的好,朋友是老的亲.(谚语)(4)nothing表示”什么也没有”,常用于陈述句,表示否定意义,不能与否定词连用.如:①Do nothing by halves.凡事不可半途而废.(谚语)②Fools learn nothing from wise men,but wise men learn much from fools.愚者不学无术,智者不耻下问.(谚语)典例1:(2010高考英语江西卷,27)Swimming is my favorite sport. There is _______ like swimming as a means of keeping fit.A somethingB anythingC nothingD everything【答案】C【解析】考查不定代词.句意:游泳是我最爱的运动.再没有比游泳更好的锻炼方式了.There is nothing like…意即”没有什么能像……了”.典例2:(2009陕西)Jane was asked a lot of questions,but she didn’t answer of them.A.other B.any C.none D.some典例3:(2009江苏 of their parents.A.those B.one C.both D.that解析D 句意:十分之九的家长认为他们教育孩子的方法和他们父母的教育方法有明显(Xian)的差别.在同一句话(Hua)中,指代的名词和前面提到的名词是同一类,即同名异物,要用that.考点4 反身代(Dai)词1.反身代词在句中可以作宾语、表语、并列主语,以及名(Ming)词、代词的同位语①The text itself is very easy.(作(Zuo)主语的同位语)②(Either)Jane or yourself will go there..(作并列主语,但不能单独作主语)③He is not laughed at that laughs at himself first.[谚]自嘲者不会让人嘲笑. ④Respect yourseff,or no one else will respect you.[谚]要人尊敬,必须自重.2.主语与宾语是同一个人时,应当用反身代词teach oneself,enjoy oneself,help oneself,throw oneself,look after oneself3.在系动词后作表语,常用于否定句,表示身体不适I don’t know what’S the matter with me.I’m not myself today.4.用在交际英语中①Help yourseff!②Make yourself at home!③Don’t upset yourself!5.辨别几组搭配by oneself独自for oneself独自地,靠自己的力量;of oneself~t动地;to oneself独占,典例:Isn’t it amazing how the human body heals after an injury?A.hireself B.him C.itself D.it考点5 it的用法在英语中,运用it的场合较多.从它在句中的作用和意义来看,it的用法可分为三类:1.指代作用(1)用作人称代词,代替前文或后文所提到的同一事物(单数可数名词或不可数名词).如:Although we cannot see it,there is air all around us.(2)代替前面的整个句子.如:It is said that he has died of a disease,but it isn’t true.(3)用在答语中代替指示代词this,that.如:一What is this?这是什么? 一It’s a bike.(4)代替不能或没有必要区分性别的或某些习惯说法中的人.如:①The baby cried because it Was hungry.婴儿哭是因为饿了.(婴儿习惯上不区分性别)②一Who is knocking at the door? 一It’s me.(5)指环境(Jing)、情形等.如(Ru):①I can’t stand it any longer.我再也不能容忍这种情况(Kuang)了.②Take it easy.别(Bie)紧张.(6)指度量衡单位、时间、距离、季节、天气及(Ji)自然现象.如:①It’s getting colder and colder now.现在越来越冷了.②It is winter now.现在是冬天了.2.形式作用(1)形式主语当动词不定式、v.ing形式或从句作主语时,通常把它们放在谓语之后,而用it作句子的形式主语.如:(I)It’s no use crying over spilt milk.[谚]覆水难收.②It takes three generations to make a gentleman.[谚]十年树木,百年树人.(2)形式宾语当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、v-ing形式或宾语从句时,往往把真正的宾语放在补足语后面,而用it作形式宾语,放在宾语补足语之前.如:①You must make it clear to them that the situation is serious.②)They thought it difficult to talk to the guests about the recent events.特别提示形式宾语用在“主语+谓语动词+宾语”结构中,谓语动词appreciate,dislike,hate,like,love,make(按时到达,成功)等后接由if或when等引导的从句时,往往在从句前加形式宾语it.如:①1 would appreciate it if you paid in cash.如果你能支付现金的话,我会不胜感激.②The boy likes it when you do that.那个男孩喜欢你那样做.3.强调作用it可以用来改变句子的结构,使句子的某一成分得到强调.强调句型的基本结构为:Itis/was+所强调的成分+that/who/whom+其他成分.【高考链接】1If our parents do everything for us children, we won't learn to depend onA. themselvesB. themC. usD. ourselves【答案】D主语为we,因此应为ourselves. depend on oneself:自力更生.2. (2010高考英语重庆卷,23)He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never foundof them again.A. neitherB. eitherC. eachD. all【答(Da)案】 B.由his temper and his health可以排除CD,由后面的never表否定,选(Xuan)either,never/not either是全部否定,相当于neither.3. that’s important is that you are doing your best and moving in the right direction.A.One B.All C.EverythingD.AnythingB此处All that's important相当于What's important,在主句中(Zhong)作主语,表示“重要的是……”4. (2010高考英语(Yu)天津卷,6)in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the PalaceMuseum. A. Anything B. Nothing C. Everything D. Something5.(2010高考英语四(Si)川卷,7)On my desk is a photo that my father took of when I was ababy. A. him B. his C. me D. mine【答案】Ctake a photo of sb意为给某人照相,此处应用人称代词的宾格.6.t is said that two man-made structures are clearly visible from space. One is the Great Wall ofChina, and is Japans Kansai International Airport.A.another B.other C.the other D.either【答案】C.两者中的一个用one,两者中的另一个用the other,上句有提示two man—made structures,所以用one…the other结构.7.(The cost of renting a house in central Xi’an is higher than ____ in any other area of the city. A.that B. this C. it D. one【答案】A在西安市中心租一套房子的费用比在该市任何其他地区租一套房子的费用都要高.根据句意可知,空处指代The cost of renting a house,应该用that.8.Helping others is a habit, _______ you can learn even at an early age.A. itB. thatC. whatD. one9.The fact that she was foreign made _____difficult for her to get a job in that country A soB. muchC. thatD. it【答案】D题(Ti)干中含有make it difficult for sb to do sth结构.形式宾语it代(Dai)替后面的动词不定式短语to get a job in that country.10.Swimming is my favorite sport. There is _______ like swimming as a means of keeping fit.A somethingB anythingC nothingD everything【答案】C句意:游泳是我(Wo)最爱的运动.再没(Mei)有比游泳更好的锻炼方式了.There is nothing like…意即”没有什么能像(Xiang)……了”.11When you introduce me to Mr. Johnson, could you please say for me ?A. everythingB. anythingC. somethingD. nothing【答案】 C.A项意为:“每件事”,B项意为“任何事”;C项意为“某事”;D项意为“没什么”.句意为:“当你把我介绍给约翰逊先生时,请为我说话吧.”something用在问剧中表示建议或请求,期望得到肯定或者所问问题可能性很大时.12.'ll spend half of my holiday practicing English and half learning drawing.A. anotherB. the otherC. other’sD. other【答案】B句意:假期我会把一半时间用于练习英语,另一半用于学习绘画.half表示“一半”,the other half表示“另一半”.the other指两个事物中的“另一个”.13The doctor thought ____ would be good for you to have a holiday.A. thisB. thatC. oneD. it14.Neither side is prepared to talk to _____ unless we can smooth thing over between them.A. othersB. the otherC. anotherD. one other【答案】 B句意为:“双方都不准备和对方交流,除非我们能做一些调停的(De)事情.”首先注意本句的Neither说明问题是出在两个对立方,而双方不打算作出让步(Bu),所以这里选B,the other指两者中的另一方.而another指的三者(Zhe)或三者以上;others是针对两大类人的,常与some对应,没有one other的说法.15You are a team star! Working with is rally your cup of tea.A. both B.either C. others D.the other答(Da)案:1.D 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.D 6.B 7.D 8.C 9.A 10.B 11.B 12.B 13.C 14.B 15.D 16.D 17.B 18.B19.D 20.B 21.A 22.C 23.A 24.A 25.C 26.D 27.D 28.A 29.C 30.C 31.A 32.A 33.C 34.A 35.D 36.A37.A 38.A 39.B 40.D 41.B 42.C 43.B 44.C 45.D 46.C 47.D4 8.B 49.B 50.D参(Can)考答案:1-5 ADAAB 6-10 CBAAC 11-15 BACCB 16-20 BBBDD21-25 DCCCB 26-30 DCBAD 31-35 CCABA 36-40 ADBCB41-45 CCDBD 46-50 CADAC 51-53 CCB。
高考英语语法知识梳理-----不定代词的用法
高考英语语法知识梳理••不定代词的用法不定代词一、不定代词的分类一、不定代词的分类1.根据用法分类(1)表示两者:both, either, neither(2)表示全部:all, any, none, every(3)表示部分:one, another, each, some, several, little/few,many/much, other, most(4)表示单数:either, each, one,复合不定代词(5)表示单数和复数:other, another(6)表示可数:every, each, one, another, either, neither, both, many, few(7)表示不可数:little, much, something, anything, nothing, everying(8)表示可数和不可数:all, any, some, most, none, other, no(9)表刁;全部否定:none, neither, nobody, nothing(10)只表示限定:every, no.复合不定代词(1)根据形式分类(2)根据用法分类不定代词二、不定代词的句法作用二、不定代词的句法作用1.作主语Everything goes well!万事如意!Either of the answers is correct,两个回答不论哪一个都对。
Neither of the answers is correct.两个回答哪一个都不对。
Is everybody here?大家都到了吗?2 .作宾语(1)动词宾语I like none of the books.这些书我全不喜欢。
If you have any, give us some.有的话,给我们一点。
We admire all of you.我们钦佩你们大家。
(2)介词宾语There is room for all of us.我们所有的人全坐得下。
高考英语语法代词讲解
考点知识全面总结高频考点知识总结一人称代词、物主代词、反身代词和疑问代词(一)人称代词1.当说话者不清楚或不必要知道说话对象的性别时,可以用it来表示。
如:It’s a lovely baby. Is it a boy or a girl?这孩子真可爱。
是男孩还是女孩?2. 人称代词有时也可用作名词。
如:It’s not a she; it’s a he.那不是女孩是个男孩。
3. 人称代词单独使用时,一般不用主格而用宾格。
如:---Glad to meet you. 见到你我很高兴。
---Me, too. 我也是。
4. 代词they(不分性别)代表一提到过的一些人或物,在口语中还可以代替he or she。
此外,they还可泛指一般人。
如:The Browns phoned. They’re coming round this evening.布朗夫妇打电话了。
他们今天晚上到。
If anyone arrives late, they’ll have to wait outside.谁要是迟到,谁就得在外面等着。
(代替he or she)They say we’re going to have a hot summer.据说今年夏天将会很热。
(泛指一般人)(二)物主代词物主代词即人称代词的所有个形式,它可分为形容词性物主代词(my, your, his, her, its, our, theirs)和名词性物主代词(mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs)1.形容词性物主代词相当于形容词,只能作名词或动名词的定语。
如:This is our classroom. 这是我们的教室。
(作名词的定语)Would you mind my opening the window? 你介意我开窗户吗?(作动名词的定语或被称为动名词的逻辑主语)2.名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,可单独做主语、宾语、表语;此外,名词性物主代词还可与名词及of连用,构成双重所有格,即:a/ an/ this/ these/ those/ some/ any/ several/ no/ each/ every/ such/ another/ which+名词+of+名词性物主代词。
高考英语代词的用法
代词二、it的用法(it的固定句型)I take it that you don’t agree with me.我的理解是:你不同意我的见解I hate it when I have to speak in French on the phone.有时,非得用法语打电话,我感到很讨厌I like it when she sings a song for me.我喜欢她为我唱歌I can’t help it if he is always late.如果他总是迟到,我也没办法I will appreciate it if you can help me.如果您能帮忙,我将不胜感激I don’t mind it if you are late.如果你迟到,我不会介意的Please see to it that (make sure that) you bring enough(足够的)money when you go out.出门时请务必带够钱You can count on it that he is very smart(聪明).你就相信吧,他非常聪明As someone puts it, practice makes perfect.像某人说的那样,熟能生巧You needn’t go if you don’t feel like it.如果不愿意去,你就不必去了When it comes to football, he is more excited.提到足球,他就更兴奋了练习:I hate when people talk with their mouths full.A itB thatC theseD themYou may depend on(依赖,依靠) that they are of much valve(有价值的).A thatB theseC itD them二、反身代词的用法1.与介词的连用For oneself 亲自of itself 自动地in himself 本质上to oneself 独自享用By oneself 单独地、独自地beside oneself由于气愤、激动等而近乎发狂、忘形例:you’ll have to see if he has gone to the school for yoursel f.亲自你的亲自去看看他是否已经去了学校The computer may shut off of itself.自动地计算机可能会自动关闭Jim is not bad in himself, but he is a little shy.本质上吉姆本身不坏,但他有点害羞One would rather have a bedroom to oneself.独自享用每个人都愿意有间自己的卧室I can’t finish the work by myself.单独地我自己干不完这个活He was beside himself with joy when he heard he had passed the exam.忘形当听说通过了考试,他欣喜若狂练习:the machine (机器) will start in a few seconds.The money meant (意味着) nothing to them.2.与动词连用Enjoy oneself (=have a good time)玩得开心,过得愉快behave yourself!规矩点Absent oneself缺课/缺勤devote oneself to专心于,献身于apply oneself to专心致志于Adapt oneself to适应于treat oneself to sth用…款待自己make oneself at home不要客气Seat oneself坐think for oneself独立思考例:he is not himself today. (be oneself处于正常状态,显得自然)He is always boasting himself. (boast oneself自夸)A moment later, he came to himself. (come to oneself=regain self-control or consciousness恢复自制力/知觉;苏醒过来)When he woke up, he found himself in hospital(医院). (find oneself+地点:发现自己不知不觉来到….)The money was on the table and no one was there, so he helped himself to it. (help oneself to sth = take sth for oneself擅自取用某物)一、易混点——不定代词例:—can you come on Monday or Tuesday? 周一或周二你哪天能来?—I’m afraid neither is possible. 恐怕(这两天)哪天都不行I’ve bought(买)two books;you can have either. 我买了两本书,你要哪本都行练习:There are many trees on side (=both sides) of the street.(都不) of the two cars is mine. Mine is under repair.(所有的) horses(马) are animals, but not (所有的) animals are horses.2.none、nothing、nobody (no one)的用法区别none——指人,指物,表特指,常回答how many, how much 引导的疑问句nobody(no one)——只能指人,表泛指,常回答who引导的疑问句nothing——只能指物,表泛指,常回答what引导的疑问句练习:—How many people are there in the room?——who is in the room?——is there anyone in the room?——is there any person in the room?—I need some students to help me to carry(携带) the tools(工具)for the experiment, but thereis .3.any, every 的区别Any+名词——(三个或三个以上中的)任何一个….Not any ——全部否定Every+名词——(三个或三个以上中的)每一个….Not every+名词——部分否定例:I have many books here, and you can take any one.我这里有很多书,你可以拿任何一本Every student has to take the examination(考试).=All the students have to take the examination.每个学生都必须参加考试4.each , every 的区别each: 强调个体,可做代词和形容词,指两个或两个以上中的每一个做同位语时,不影响谓语动词的单复数形式every:强调全体,只能做定语,指三个或三个以上中的每一个例:Each of my children(孩子) goes to a different school.我的几个孩子各自在不同的学校上学Each of the tickets(票) costs 10 dollars.=the tickets cost 10 dollars each. = the tickets each cost 10 dollars. 每张票10美元练习:用each 和every 填空I asked all the children and told a different story.Child in the class passed the examination.of the houses is slightly(轻微的) different.5.one, another, the other, some, others, the others的区别例:would you please make it some other day? (=another day)另找一天行吗?He will stay here for another three days. (=three more days)他还要在这里呆三天He has no other close friends like John.他没有别的像John那样的朋友了练习:some of the wheat(小麦) is from Canada. What about ?A anotherB the otherC othersD the restHe will drop in on us day.A some othersB anotherC otherD the rest6.many, much, few, little, a few, a little 的区别练习:用many, much, few, little, a few, a little完成下列句子(很多)people don’t have (很多) food.(很多) of the mistakes(错误) were just caused by carelessness(粗心)。
高考英语复习语法知识专题讲解3---代词(解析版)
高考英语复习语法知识专题讲解专题三代词一、代词的分类用来代替名词或起名词作用的词、短语、分句或句子的词叫作代词。
英语中的代词可分为类人称代词主格 I we you you he,;she; it they 宾格me us you you him;her;it them物主代词形容词性my our your your his;her;its their 名词性mine ours yours yours his;hers;its theirs 反身代词myself ourselves yourself yourselves himself;herself;itself themselves 指示代词this, that, these, those, such, so不定代词 one, some, any, each, none, all, both, neither, either, other, another, no, many,much, (a)few,(a)little, something, anything, nothing, everything相互代词 each other, one another疑问代词who, whom, whose, which, what ,whoever, whichever, whatever连接代词who, whom, whose, which, what,whoever, whichever, whatever关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose, as二、常考代词的用法1.both, all, either, any, neither, none 微专题易错点指代范围代词用法两者both 意为“两者都”,是对两者的肯定either 意为“(两者中)任一个”,表示二选一neither 意为“都不”,是对两者的否定all 意为“全部”,指代或修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词三者或三者以上any 意为“任何一个”,指代或修饰可数名词单数或不可数名词none意为“全无,没有一点”,指代可数名词复数或不可数名词指物或人,其后可接表示范围的of...回答 how many/how much 的提问no one意为“没有人”,只指人其后不接表示范围的of...回答 who 的提问例:He is good at both English and French.You can take either of the pictures, whichever you like.It was a game in which neither team would win.Neither of us could understand German.All are happy to know the news.Phone me any day next week.We had three cats once but none(of them)is alive now.No one knows the answer.-How many of you have been to the Great Wall?-None.2.other, another 微专题易错点两者都意为“另一个”。
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The medicine is on sale everywhere. You can get it at _______ chemist's.
A. other B. some C. another D. any
〖答案〗D
试题分析:考查代词:A. other其他,B. some一些,C. another另一个,D. any任何一个,句意:这个药到处都在卖,你可以到任何一家药店买到它。选D。
【名师点睛】
英语中的部分否定(即不完全否定)有如下一些表示方法:
一、all的否定式:not all…(或:all…not)表示"并非都……"、"不是所有的都……"例如:
Not all men can be masters. (=" All" men cannot be masters.)并非人人都能当头头。
12.On average, the footprints discovered are 14 to 18 inches long, 5-9 inches wide and much larger than _____ of a human.
A.thatB.onesC.thoseD.one
【答案】C
例如:A foolish man doesn't make a mistake all the time.笨人未必老是犯错误。
七、not…and…的否定式,被否定的往往是and后eak clearly and correctly.他讲得清楚但不正确?
This film is not interesting and instructive.这部电影有趣但无教育意义。
高考英语代词用法详解
一、单项选择代词
1.— How much salt did you put in the soup?
一Oh, sorry!. I forgot.
A.Little B.Nothing
C.None D.Few
【答案】C
【解析】
考查不定代词。A. Little少许;B. Nothing无事,无物;C. None没有任何东西;D. Few很少。上句:你在汤里放了多少盐?下句:我忘了放盐。也就是一点也没有,故选C。
7.It’s no use ______ about it. You can’t do anything to change it.
A.worriedB.to worryC.worryingD.worry
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:句意:担心它没用,你做什么多改变不了它。It’s no usedoing sth.做某事没用。故选C。
试题分析:考查形容词辨析。本句中的any意为“任意一个”,another另外一个;some一些;one一个;句意:—我们什么时候一起去看《饥饿游戏》这部电影啊?—你喜欢的随便那一天都行,我都没关系的。根据句意可知使用any day,表示任意一天都可以。故B正确。
【名师点睛】
本题要特别注意any意为“任意一个....”,语气很强烈;another作形容词时,是指在原有的基础上再加一(些),表示“再一(些)”或“另外一个(些)”的意思,在心理上至少有三个.another还可作代词,意思与作形容词时一样.它前面不能加任何冠词,后面也不能加s
A.it; whereB.it; thenC.that; thereD.this; when
【答案】A
【解析】
考查代词及状语从句。句中it作形式宾语,真正宾语为to leave things where you can find them easily;where引导地点状语从句,选A。
4.The Olympic Games makes _____ possible for people to live side by side in peace.
9.-When shall we go to see the movie The Hunger Games together?
-Make it ________ day you like; it's all the same to me.
A.oneB.anyC.anotherD.some
【答案】B
【解析】
考点:考查固定句式。
8.Mom promised to buy me a nice gift for my next birthday, ______ beyond my imagination.
A.whichB.thatC.somethingD.the one
【答案】C
【解析】
考查同位语。something beyond my imagination是a nice gift的同位语,补充说明礼物是某种超乎想象的东西。后面句子中没有动词构成不了句子,所以which不能选。the one指代与gift是同一个东西的礼物,意思成了“出乎想象的已知的礼物”,与上文的promised to buy不符。句意:妈妈承诺我下个生日给我买一个超乎我的想象的好看的礼物。故选C。
四、always的否定式:"并非总是(并非一直)……"例如:
He is not always so sad.他并不是一直都这样悲伤。
五、entirely, altogether, completely和quite的否定式,"不完全……","并非完全……"例如:
The businessman is never to be entirely trusted.不可以完全信任商人。
A.thisB.itC.thatD.不填
【答案】B
【解析】
本题的含义是奥运会使人们能够和平的生活在一起成为可能,本题make后的真正宾语位于句尾用动词不定式,那么在英文中通常用形式宾语it来代替真正的主语,故本题选B。
5.—The exam was easy, wasn’t it?
—Yes, but I don’t think ______ could pass it.
【解析】
试题分析:句意:通常来说,被发现的长达14到18英寸,5到9英寸宽的脚印比人类的脚印要大得多。A. that特指代指前文的可数名词单数或是不可数名词,B. ones泛指,代替前文出现的可数名词复数,C. those特指,代替前文出现的同一个可数名词复数,D. one泛指可数名词单数。这句话里those代指footprints。故选C。
All of them can do it.--- None of them can do it.
Both are good.---Neither is good.
Everybody likes it. ---Nobody likes it.
He is always late. --- He is never late.
C.All, anybodyD.None, everybody
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析:考查部分否定和全部否定。none,nobody,no通常表示全部否定;否定词和all,every,each连用,表示部分否定。句意:—我们中没有一个人认为这次英语测试难。—但是我仍然不是所有人都能通过这次考试。故D正确。
A.they were not understandingB.themselves not understood
C.they had not understoodD.themselves not understanding
【答案】B
【解析】
B考查语态。这里oneself和后面的动词是被动关系,所以应该用过去分词。find oneself done发现自己被……,故选B。
三、every…的否定式:"不是每……都……"例如:
Not every book is educative. (或:Every book is not educative.)不是每本书都有教育意义的。
Not everyone likes this book.并非人人都喜欢这本书。
This flower is not seen everywhere.这花并不是随处可见的。
A.somebodyB.anybody
C.everybodyD.nobody
【答案】C
【解析】
本题考查不定代词的用法,somebody某人;anybody任何人;everybody每人;nobody没人。根据句意,可知选C。句意:--这场考试很简单,不是吗?--是的,但我认为不是每个人都能通过。
6.The restaurant is full, so we have to look for ______ one.
考点:考查形容词辨析
10.– ________ of us think the English examination was difficult.
– But I still don’t think ________ could pass it.
A.All, everybodyB.None, anybody
She cannot sing and dance.她会唱歌但不会跳舞。
如果将and换成or,not对其后面的两部分就全盘否定了。
He did not speak clearly or correctly.他讲的既不清楚也不正确。
如要对上述的all, both, every, always,以及
entirely, altogether, completely, quite和all the time等词作完全否定,那就分别要用与之相对应的全否定词,如no, none, neither, no one, never, not (never)… at all等。
考点:考查代词的用法。