英语被动语态课件
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4.They take good care of the baby.
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语态(voice)是个动词三大特征(语体态)之 一,它是一种动词形式,表示句子的主语谓语 动词之间的关系。有主动和被动之分。当主语 是动作的执行者时,动词用主动语态(Active Voice);如果主语是动作的承受者,动词便 用被动语态(Passive Voice)。
We cleaned the classroom yesterday. 昨天我们打扫了教室。
—You've come just in time to help us.
—Fine, what requires doing? (=Fine, what
requires to be done?)
This sentence needs __C______ .
A. an improvement B. improve
C. improving
D. improved
2. be worth 后接动名词的主动式表示被动意义。 His suggestion is not worth considering.
五、有些词不用被动语态2个发生happen、 take place和4个out: break out爆发run out用完come out出版发行go out熄灭
I was given a book by her./A book was given to me by
her.
口诀1:宾语提前主语变,原主变宾by后见,被动
结构be加done,时态人称be改变。
口诀2:双宾语人和物,间接宾语最好处,若要变
直宾,人前加for/to(pass,lend,write,bring,show,tell,
We
clean our classroom
every day.
our classroom be cleaned by us
every day
1) 用先行的it作形式主语,把宾语从句变成后置的 主语从句; 2) 把宾语从句里的主语变成被动句的主语,同时把 宾语从句中的谓语变成不定式短语。 People believe that he is an honest boy. 大家认为他 是个诚实的孩子。
1.The key B__for locking the classroom door. A.uses B. is used C.is using D.use
2.A new school B__over there in two years. A.may built B.may be built C. is built
(一) 主动句与被动句的转换 1.含有单宾语的主动句的转换: People speak English almost all over the world. 世界各地都有人讲英语。 English is spoken almost all over the world.
当主动句的宾语是that引导的宾语从句, 可转换为两种形式的被动句。
Cotton feels soft. 棉花摸上去很柔软。 Ripe apples pick easily. 熟了的苹果容易摘下来。
语态转换(Give the students some minutes to discuss)
1.He teaches English in our school.
2.She gave me a book. English is taught in our school by him.
这孩子必须被好好照顾。
在被动句中有时用by- 词组,有时不用。当动 作的执行者为谁不明确,不重要或难以说出时, 通常不用by。但有时为了强调动作执行者或者 由于上下和结构上的需要则必须使用 by 词组。 例如:
Hamlet was written by Shakespeare. 《哈姆雷特》是莎士比亚写的。
School begins in September. The stores in this area open later at weekends than on weekdays.
二、主语是物,谓语是表示主语特征或属性的 动词。常见的这类动词有write, read, wear, wash, clean, sell, run, lock等。这些动词常 与副词或否定词连用。例如:
The earthquake happened last night. The First World War broke out in 1914. The book written by Mo Yan has come out. My money ran out and I can’t afford to buy the expensive bike.
Drills:A:
1.It suddenly snowed while Mary __C__for the bus.
A.waited B.waits C.was waiting D.was waited 2.Stamps______by people for sending letters. A.use B.using C.used D.are used. 3.Must old people _____to politely? A.speak B.spoken C.be spoke D.be spoken
The machine runs well. This pen writes quite smoothly. The bookshelf hardly sells. 三、表示主语状态特征的连系动词:1似乎 seem2保持keep、stay3变得get、turn、 become5起来feel、look、sound、taste、 smell等。例如: —Do you like the material? —Yes, it ___C_____ very soft. A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt
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Exercises: 一.选择填空: 1. Windows__C___ of glass. A.be made B. is made C. are made D. been
Your idea sounds reasonable. What he said proved to be correct.
四、动名词主动形式表示被动意义 1. 在need, require, want(需要)等动词后, 表示某物(人)要进行……处理时,后接动名 词一般式的主动形式作宾语表示被动意义, 相当于不定式的被动式。例如:
3. He was made B__yesterday. A.cry B.to cry C.crying D.to be cried
4.The PRC_C_on October 1,1949. A.was found B. is found C.was founded D.is founded
5.A talk on Chinese history_C_in the school hall next week. A.is given B.has been given C.will be given D. will give
Mr. Smith was given a book yesterday (by me). 3. 含有介词动词的主动句的转换。 (介词不能丢!!!) They have never listened to him. 人家从不听
他的话。 He has never been listened to.
表示被动意义的主动句:
It is believed that he is an honest boy. The boy is believed to be an honest one.
2.含有双宾语的主动句的转换
I gave the book to Mr. Smith yesterday. 昨天我给了史密斯先生一本书。
The book was given to Mr. Smith yesterday ( by me).
╲____怪 人 不 许 时 光 倒流
The baby is taken good care of by them.
注意:动词短语是一家,被动语态 莫分它
下列情况下一般不用被动语态
一、表示“开始”;“结束”类的动词。常见 的这类动词有begin, start, open, close, end, finish, stop等。例如:
The classroom was cleaned by us yesterday. 昨天教室被我们打扫了。
动词的被动语态由“助动词be+及物动 词的过去分词”构成。当主动句变为被 动句时,原来的宾语变成了主语,原来 的主语变成了介词by 的宾语。主动句与 被动句的结构虽然不同,但动作的执行 者和承受者的关系并没有改变。
3.He made me do the work. I was made to do the work by him.
口诀3:感使动词真奇妙,to在里面捉猫猫。主动
句中不见了,被动句中又来到(feel, find notice ,
listen to,hear,look at,see,watch,lБайду номын сангаасt,have,make)