惠州市实验中学2021届高三第一学期第一次月考英语试卷

惠州市实验中学2021届高三第一次月考试题英语本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。

满分120分(最终成绩按总分135分进行折算)，考试用时120分钟。

注意事项:1.本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第I[卷(非选择题)两部分。

2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名，准考证号填写在答题卡相应的位置。

3.全部答案应在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。

4.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。

第I卷第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AGrandparents who help out occasionally with childcare or provide support for others in their community tend to live longer than seniors who do not care for other people, according to a studyfrom Berlin, Germany.‘Having no contact with grandchildren at all can negatively impact grandparents’health. This link could be deeply rooted in our evolutionary past when help with childcare was important for the survival of the human species,”said Sonja Hilbrand, one of the researchers. However, having full-time custody of grandchildren may harm their health.The findings are drawn from data on more than 500 people over age 70 in the Berlin aging Study. The participants completed interviews and medical 1ests every two years. Overall after considering grandparents age and general state of health, the risk of dying was one-third lower for grandparents who cared for their grandchildren, compared with grandparent s who didn’t provide any childcare.Half of the grandparents who cared for grandchildren were still alive ten years after the initial interview. The same was true for participants who did not have grandchildren but supported their adult children in some way, such as helping with housework. In contrast about half of the participants who did not help others died within five years after the start of the study.“Caregiving may be thought also as an activity that keeps caregivers physically and mentally active, said Professor Arpino, adding that previous studies suggest that caregiving may improve cognitive functioning, mental and physical health.Arpino noted, however, that caregiving is not the only activity that can improve health, and too many caring responsibilities can take away benefits from other activities like working, being in social clubs, or volunteering.“Children should take into account their parents' needs, willingness, and desires and agree with them on thetiming and amount of childcare," Arpino suggested.1.What is the caregiving study based on?A. Data on elderly people.B. Medical tests on children.C. Human evolutionary history.D. Interviews on local community.2.What does the underline word“ participants”in paragraph 2 probably mean?A.ResearchersB.AttendantsC. Care-giversD. Specialists3. Which statement about childcare may Arpino agree with?A. Childcare is bound to be beneficial to grandparents.B. Grandparenting is meant to become a growing trend.C. Proper amounts of childcare make grandparents live longer.D. More childcare can provide grandparents with more health.BOn a clear night in 1994,an earthquake hit Los Angeles and caused a city-wide power cut just before dawn. Awake in surprise, some residents who had escaped outside called various emergency centers to report a mysterious cloud overhead.That unusual object turned out to be the band of the Milky Way, which had long been unclearfrom view by the city's lights.Arguably, the light bulb (电灯泡} is the most transformative invention humans have introduced to this planet. By pressing a switch or pushing a button, we can lift the veil (面纱)that would naturally cover our lives each, night. Now, we work long after the sun sinks below the horizon. We play games outside far into the night. We more safely wander around city streets after dark.But if light bulbs have a dark side, it's that they have stolen the night. The extra light brightening our environments is endangering ecosystems by harming animals whose life cycles depend on the dark. We're endangering ourselves by changing the biochemical rhythms (节律) that normally go out and flow with natural light levels. And in a basic sense, we're lost our connection to nighttime skies, on the basis of which our ancestors made up their star-related stories, timed the planting and harvesting of crops, and inferred the physical laws governing the universe.“The disappearance of the night sky is tied up with our ever more fast-paced world, says Amanda Gormley of the Tucson-based International Dark-Sky Association.“ We lose something vital; we lose a part of ourselves when we lose access to the night sky. We lose that sense of stillness that should be right over our heads every night.Now, as the consequences of light pollution arise out of the shadows and into the spotlight, cities, regulatoryagencies, and conservation groups are seeking solutions. And in some areas, lots of improvements are already in place, powered by a new wave of cheaper, more energy-seving light.4.Why is the earthquake hitting Los Angeles mentioned?A. To witness its serious damage.B. To lead in the topic of the text.C. To state its influence on the city.D. To tell backgrounds of the text.5. What is the fourth paragraph mainly about?A. Dark nights.B. Endangered ecosystems.C. Light pollution.D. Brightened environments.6. How does the author sound in the last paragraph?A. Hopeful.B. Concerned.C. Doubtful.D. Academic.CIf you’ve ever been on a fishing boat, you’ve probably seen crowds of birds following it, hoping to catch a snack. Now scientists use those birds' behavior to track illegal fishing boats.Researchers attached data loggers (记录器) to the backs of 169 albatrosses (信天翁) in Indian oceans. Weighing only 42 grams, the devices included a GPS, which enabled them to detect the presence and intensity of radar signals emitted (发射)by boats. That information was then sent by satellite, so the researchers could track the location of the birds--and thus the radar-emitting boats-- in real time.The scientists then cross checked that data against the known locations of boats, collected from a system boats use to declare themselves, called the Automatic Identification System (AIS). And noticeable differences appeared frequently.More than a third of the times the bird "loggers" detected radar signals, and therefore a boat, but no such boat appeared in the official log - meaning that the :vehicles had likely switched off their AIS - something that probably happens in illegal fishing operations.The work suggests birds could be an effective boat-monitoring tool as long as illegal fishing operations don' t target the birds.Fortunately, such a task would be difficult. Around fishing boats, you can find. hundreds of birds at any one time that are flying around. And the birds with loggers are not marked in any way. So it' s not really possible for fishermen to pick out a specific bird.But what concerns researchers is that albatrosses often get caught by some fishing boats. Though regulations have been established to protect against that happening - with success-illegal boats don' t necessarily obey. So scientists might be underestimating the risk posed to albatross populations.7. What characteristic of albatrosses do scientists take advantage of in their research?A.Their feeding patterns.B.Their sense of direction.C.Their greedy behaviors.D.Their habit of following fishing boats.8.For what purpose does a boat shut off its AIS?A.To seek more fishes.B.To have it mistaken for another.C.To avoid being detected.D.To save the trouble of declaring itself.9.What does “such a task” in Paragraph 6 refer to?A.Identifying birds with loggers.B.Monitoring illegal boats.C.Tracking radar signals automatically.D.Fishing illegally.10.What could be the best title for the text?A.AIS: an Effective System to Locate BoatsB.Humans Are Good at Discovering Birds' NatureC.Data Loggers Help Fishermen Get a Good HarvestD.Scientists Use Birds to Track Illegal Fishing Operations第二节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。