2017年英语专八阅读理解考前练习试题及答案

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英语专业八级考试模拟阅读试题

英语专业八级考试模拟阅读试题英语专业八级考试模拟阅读试题2017我认为人生最美好的主旨和人类生活最幸福的结果，无过于学习了，以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的英语专业八级考试模拟阅读试题2017，希望能给大家带来帮助!The search for latent prints is done in a systematic andintelligent manner. Investigators develop techniques to locatetraces of fingerprints at a crime scene. The basic premise insearching for latent prints is to examine more carefully thoseareas, which would most likely be touched by persons who havebeen on the scene. The natural manner in which a person woulduse and place his hands in making an entrance or exit from abuilding or in handling any object is the key to the discovery oflatent prints.Where a forced entrance has been made, latent prints are likely to be found on any surfaceadjacent to or at that point. Any object with a smooth, non-porous surface is likely to retain latentprints if touched. Fingerprints on rough surfaces are usually of little value. If the fingermark doesnot disclose ridge detail when viewed under a reading glass, the chances are that its value inidentification is nil when photographed. Where fingermarks are found, it will be necessary for theinvestigator to compare them against the ones of persons having legitimate access to the premisesso that the traces might be eliminated as having evidentiary value if they prove to be from thesepersons. Places to search for prints on an automobile are the rear view mirror, steering wheel hub,steering column, windshield dashboard and the like.Dusting of surface may be done with a fine brush or with anatomizer. The whit powders usedare basically finely powdered white lead, talc, or chalk. Another light powder is basically Chemist’sgray. A good black powder is composed of lampblack, graphite, and powdered acacia. Dragon’sblood is good powder for white surface and can be fixed on paper by heating. In developing latentprints, the accepted method is to use the powder sparingly and brush lightly. Do not use powder ifthe fingermark is visible under oblique lighting. It can be photographed. A good policy for thenovice is to experiment with his own prints on a surface similar to the one he wishes to search inorder to determine the powder best suited to the surface. Fingerprints after dusting may be liftedby using fresh cellulose tape or commercially prepared material especially designed to lift andtransfer dusted latent fingerprints.In addition to latent prints, the investigator must not overlook the possibility of two other typesof fingerprint traces: molded impression and visible impression. Molded impressions are formed bythe pressure of the finger upon comparatively soft, pliable, or plastic surfaces producing an actualmold of the fingerprint pattern. These can be recorded by photograph without treating thesurface, is usually most effective in revealing the impressions clearly. Visible impressions are formedwhen the finger is covered with some substance which is transferred to the surface contacted.Fingers smeared with blood, grease, dirt, paint, and the like will leave a visible impression. If theseimpressions are clear and sharp, they are photographed under light without ant treatment.Ordinarily, prints of this type are blurred or smeared and do not contain enough detail foridentification by comparison. However, they can not be overlooked or brushed aside without firstbeing examined carefully.1. What is the best title for this passage?[A] Visible impressions. [B] Moulded impressions.[C] Fingerprints. [D] Latent fingerprints.2. How many fingermarks are mentioned in this passage?[A] 2. [B] 3. [C] 4. [D] 5.3. Which type of fingerprints is most likely to retain?[A] Latent fingerprints. [B] Visible impressions.[C] Moulded impressions. [D] Clear fingerprints.4. How many ways are there to develop fingerprints?[A] 2. [B] 3. [C] 4. [D]答案详解：1. C. 指印，不管哪一种。

2017年英语专八阅读理解考前练习试题及答案解析

On a nondescript block south of New York's Union Square’ up a dreary staircase and through a black-barred gate, there is a long, narrow room that might be mistaken for a very small museum of literary counterculture. On one wall hangs two rows of iconic posters：a print of Che Guevara's proud head; a photograph of the authors Jean Genet, William S. Burroughs, and Allen Ginsberg marching at the 1968 Democratic National Convention ;a portrait of Bobby Kennedy. Ixiose-leaf binders of correspondence with groundbreaking authors line floor-to-ceiling bookshelves. Beside the bookcases, Samuel Beckett peers out of a black-and-white photograph with a fierce crow's gaze. Next to him in the picture stands a shorter, milder-looking man named Barney Rosset.Rosset's publishing house, Grove Press, was a tiny company operating out of the ground floor of Rosset's brownstone when it published an obscure play called Waiting for Godot in 1954. By the time Beckett had won the Nobel Prize in 1969 ’ Grove had become a force that challenged and changed literature and American culture in deep and lasting ways. Its impact is still evident——from the Che Guevara posters adorning college dorms to the canonical status of the house's once controversial authors. Rosset is less well known— but late in his life he is achieving some wider recognition."Hie story of Rossel's life is essentially one of creative destruction. He found writers who wanted to break new paths, and then he picked up a sledge-hammer to help ihem whale away at the existing order.Rosset saw many crises. He or his company was forever going broke, being attacked, breaking the law. In his legal battles, Rosset made his most enduring impact. Before Rosset challenged federal and slate obscenity laws, censorship was an accepted feature of publishing. His victories in high courts helped to change that. Rosset believed that it was impossible to represent life in the streets and in the dark recesses of the heart and mind honestly without using language that in ihe mid-20th century was considered “ obscene"— and therefore illegal to sell or mail. To a significant extent, the books he published convinced others that this was true.Rosset wasn't the only publisher who took risks, but he was one of the most visible and uncompromising. Not everything he published was high-minded. Some of it aimed below the belt, and he was uncompromising about that too. His stubbornness made his achievements possible, bul it also helped to undo him. At the end of the 60s, Grove moved into fancy offices, into film, and, to some extent, away from books. The repression of the 50s and freewheeling openness of the 60s were over, and other houses, now free from fear of censorship, took more chances. The left splintered. The feminist movemenl attacked him. Grove began to drift. But Rosset, as always, kept doing what he wanted, everything else be damned.1.Which of the following statements contains a metaphor? [A]…with a fierce crow's gaze. (Paragraph One) [B] He or his company was forever going broke ...(Paragraph Four)[C] Some of it aimed below the belt ... (Paragraph Five)[D] "Die feminist movement attacked him. (Paragraph Five)2. What does "creative deBtmclion" (Paragraph Three) mean?[A] Rosset caused various types of damage.[B] Rosset broke rules to bring about good changes.[C] Rosset picked out creative writer to destroy.[D] Rosset needed writers of powerful influence.3. According to the passage, the biggest achievement Rosset has made is[A] publishing Waiting for Godot.[B] defeating all the crisis.[C] winning the case of censorship.[D] producing successful films.4. Which of the following can best describe Barney Rosset?[A] He's the only publisher who dares to take risks.[B] He's an uncompromising man who favors obscenity books. [C] He's a stubborn man who doesn't care others' opinion. [D] He's a Nobel-prize winning American publisher.5. Tlie purpose of the writer in writing this passage is to[A] describe the changes Rosset bring to American publishing.[B] introduce Bamey Rosset, an American publisher.[C] show the development of Grove Press.[D] analyze what helps Rosset to be successful.iconic a.圣像的，偶像的nondescript a.⽆明显，特征⽽不易分类的 obscenity n.下流,** recess n.深处repression n.压抑，压制， sledge-hammer 长柄⼤锤 splinter v.分裂 whale away 猛打答案解析1. [A]修辞格题。

2017英语专业八级真题及答案

2017英语专业八级真题及答案(word版可编辑修改)2017英语专业八级真题及答案(word版可编辑修改)编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（2017英语专业八级真题及答案(word版可编辑修改)）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。

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2017英语专业八级真题及答案(word版可编辑修改)QUESTION BOOKLETTEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2017）—GRADE EIGHT-TIME LIMIT： 150 MIN PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION[25 MIN］SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini—lecture。

You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY。

While listening to the mini-lecture，please complete the gap—filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap。

Make sure the word(s）you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap—filling task.Now listen to the mini—lecture. When it is over, you will be given THREE minutes to check your work。

英语专八阅读考试指导试题及答案解析

英语专八阅读考试指导试题及答案解析2017年英语专八阅读考试指导试题及答案解析构成我们学习最大障碍的是已知的东西，而不是未知的东西。

以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的2017年英语专八阅读考试指导试题及答案解析，希望能给大家带来帮助!Equality of OpportunityThese days we hear a lot of nonsense about the ‘great classless society’. The idea that the twentieth century is the age of the common man has become one of the great clichés of our time. The same old arguments are put forward in evidence. Here are some of them: monarchy as a system of government has been completely discredited. The monarchies that survive have been deprived of all political power. Inherited wealth has been savagely reduced by taxation and, in time, the great fortunes will disappear altogether. In a number of countries the victory has been complete. The people rule; the great millennium has become a political reality. But has it? Close examination doesn’t bear out the claim.It is a fallacy to suppose that all men are equal and that society will be leveled out if you provide everybody with the same educational opportunities. (It is debatable whether you can ever provide everyone with the same educational opportunities, but that is another question.) The fact is that nature dispenses brains and ability with a total disregard for the principle of equality. The old rules of the jungle, ‘survival of the fittest’, and ‘might is right’ are still with us. The spread of education has destroyed the old class system and created a new one. Rewards are ba sed on merit. For ‘aristocracy’ read ‘meritocracy’; in other respects, society remains unaltered: the class system isrigidly maintained.Genuine ability, animal cunning, skill, the knack of seizing opportunities, all bring material rewards. And what is the first thing people do when they become rich? They use their wealth to secure the best possible opportunities for their children, to give them ‘a good start in life’. For all the lip service we pay to the idea of equality, we do not consider this wrong in the western world. Private schools which offer unfair advantages over state schools are not banned because one of the principles in a democracy is that people should be free to choose how they will educate their children. In this way, the new meritocracy can perpetuate itself to a certain extent: an able child from a wealthy home can succeed far more rapidly than his poorer counterpart. Wealth is also used indiscriminately to further political ends. It would be almost impossible to become the leader of a democracy without massive financial backing. Money is as powerful a weapon as ever it was.In societies wholly dedicated to the principle of social equality, privileged private education is forbidden. But even here people are rewarded according to their abilities. In fact, so great is the need for skilled workers that the least able may be neglected. Bright children are carefully and expensively trained to become future rulers. In the end, all political ideologies boil down to the same thing: class divisions persist whether you are ruled by a feudal king or an educated peasant.1. What is the main idea of this passage?[A] Equality of opportunity in the twentieth century has not destroyed the class system.[B] Equality means money.[C] There is no such society as classless society.[D] Nature can’t give you a classless society.2. According to the author, the same educational opportunities can’t get rid of inequality because[A] the principle ‘survival of the fittest’ exists.[B] Nature ignores equality in dispensing brains and ability.[C] Material rewards are for genuine ability.[D] People have the freedom how to educate their children.3. Who can obtain more rapid success[A] those with wealth.[B] Those with the best brains.[C] Those with the best opportunities.[D] Those who have the ability to catch at opportunities.4. Why does the author say the new meritocracy can perpetuate itself to a certain extent? Because[A] money decides everything.[B] Private schools offer advantages over state schools.[C] People are free to choose the way of educating their children.[D] Wealth is used for political ends.5. According to the author, ‘class divisions’ refers to[A] the rich and the poor.[B] Different opportunities for people.[C] Oppressor and the oppressed.[D] Genius and stupidity.答案详解：1. A 二十世纪平等的机遇并没有摧毁阶级。

英语专八阅读理解试题附答案

英语专八阅读理解试题附答案2017年英语专八阅读理解试题附答案No trace of wings in the air, but I have been over.以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的2017年英语专八阅读理解试题附答案，希望能给大家带来帮助!Pageants are usually conceived on a fairly large scale, often under the auspices of some local or civic authority or at any rate in connection with local groups of some kind.This sometimes means that there is an allocation of funds available for the purpose of mounting the production, though unfortunately this will usually be found to be on the meager side and much ingenuity will have to be used to stretch it so that all performers can be adequately clothed.Most pageants have a historical flavour as they usually come about through the celebration of the anniversary of some event of historic importance, or the life or death of some local worthy.Research among archives and books in the public library will probably prove very useful and produce some workable ideas which will give the production an especially local flavour.From the first economy will have to be practiced because there are usually a great number of people to dress.Leading characters can be considered individually in the same way as when designing for a play; but the main body of the performers will need to be planned in groups and the massed effect must be always borne in mind.Many pageants take place in daylight in the open air.This is an entirely different problem from designing costumes which are going to be looked at under artificial lighting; for one thing, scenes viewed in the daylight are subject to many moredistractions.No longer is everything around cut out by the surrounding darkness, but instead it is very easy to be aware of disturbing movement in the audience of behind the performers.Very theatrically conceived clothes do not always look their best when seen in a daylight setting of trees, verdant lawns and old ivy-covered walls; the same goes for costumes being worn in front of the mellow colors of stately homes.The location needs to be studied and then a decision can be made as to what kinds of colors and textures will harmonize best with the surroundings and conditions and then to carry this out as far as possible on the funds available.If money is available to dress the performers without recourse to their own help in the provision of items, it is best to arrange for all the cutting and pinning together of the costumes to be done by one or two experienced people than to be given out to the groups and individuals for completion.When there is little or no money at all, the garments need to be reduced to the basic necessities.Cloaks and shawls become invaluable, sheets and large bath towels and bath sheets are admirable for draping.Unwanted curtains and bed spreads can be cut to make tunics, robes and skirts.These are particularly valuable if they are of heavy fabrics such as velvet or chenille.Colors should be massed together so that there are contrasting groups of dark and light, this will be found to help the visual result substantially.Crowds of people gathered together in a jumble of colors will be ground to look quite purposeless and will lack dramatic impact.The use of numbers of identical head-dresses, however simply made, are always effective when working with groups.If these are made of cardboard and painted boldly the cost can bealmost negligible.Helmets, hats and plumes will all make quite a show even if the costumes are only blandest or sheets cleverly draped.The same can be said of the use of banners, shields and poles with stiff pennants and garlands—anything which will help to have a unifying effect.Any kind of eye-catching device will always go with a flourish and add excitement to the scenes.1.The main idea of this passage is ___________[A]Pageants.[B]Costumes on the stage.[C]Costumes for pageants.[D] How to arrange a pageant.2.It can be inferred that the most important factor in costume design is ___________[A]money.[B]color.[C]harmony[D]texture3.Why will much ingenuity have to be required in costume design?[A]Because pageants take place in daylight in the open air.[B]Because different characters require different costumes.[C]Because the colors and textures must be in harmony with the setting.[D]Because an allocation of the funds available is usually rather small.4.Why do most pageants have a historical flavour?[A]Because most pageants take place for celebration.[B]Many pageants take place for amusement.[C]A lot of pageants take place for religion.[D]Because pageants usually take place for competition.答案：CBBD。

英语专八复习阅读考试模拟试题带答案

英语专八复习阅读考试模拟试题带答案英语专八复习阅读考试模拟试题带答案2017只向最顶端的'人学习，只和最棒的人交往，只做最棒的人做的事。

以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的英语专八复习阅读考试模拟试题带答案2017，希望能给大家带来帮助!Most earthquakes occur within the upper 15 miles of the earth's surface. But earthquakes can and do occur at all depths to about 460 miles. Their number decreases as the depth increases. At about 460 miles one earthquake occurs only every few years. Near the surface earthquakes may run as high as 100 in a month, but the yearly average does not vary much. In comparison with the total number of earthquakes each year, the number of disastrous earthquakes is very small.The extent of the disaster in an earthquake depends on many factors. If you carefully build a toy house with an erect set, it will still stand no matter how much you shake the table. But if you build a toy house with a pack of cards, a slight shake of the table will make it fall. An earthquake in Agadir, Morocco, was not strong enough to be recorded on distant instruments, but it completely destroyed the city. Many stronger earthquakes have done comparatively little damage. If a building is well constructed and built on solid ground, it will resist an earthquake. Most deaths in earthquakes have been due to faulty building construction or poor building sites. A third and very serious factor is panic. When people rush out into narrow streets, more deaths will result.The United Nations has played an important part in reducing the damage done by earthquakes. It has sent a team of experts to all countries known to be affected by earthquakes. Workingwith local geologists and engineers, the experts have studied the nature of the ground and the type of most practical building code for the local area. If followed, these suggestions will make disastrous earthquakes almost a thing of the past.There is one type of earthquake disaster that little can be done about. This is the disaster caused by seismic sea waves, or tsunamis. (These are often called tidal waves, but the name is incorrect. They have nothing to do with tides.) In certain areas, earthquakes take place beneath the sea. These submarine earthquakes sometimes give rise to seismic sea waves. The waves are not noticeable out at sea because of their long wave length. But when they roll into harbors, they pile up into walls of water 6 to 60 feet high. The Japanese call them "tsunamis", meaning "harbor waves", because they reach a sizable height only in harbors.Tsunamis travel fairly slowly, at speeds up to 500 miles an hour. An adequate warning system is in use to warn all shores likely to be reached by the waves. But this only enables people to leave the threatened shores for higher ground. There is no way to stop the oncoming wave.1. Which of the following CANNOT be concluded from the passage?A. The number of earthquakes is closely related to depth.B. Roughly the same number of earthquakes occur each year.C. Earthquakes are impossible at depths over 460 miles.D. Earthquakes are most likely to occur near the surfaces.2. The destruction of Agadir is an example of ______. ?A. faulty building constructionB. an earthquake's strengthC. widespread panic in earthquakesD. ineffective instruments3. The United Nations' experts are supposed to______.?A. construct strong buildingsB. put forward proposalsC. detect disastrous earthquakesD. monitor earthquakes4. The significance of the slow speed of tsunamis is that people may______.?A. notice them out at seaB. find ways to stop themC. be warned early enoughD. develop warning systems参考答案：1~4 C A B C。

专八英语考试阅读试题及答案详解

专八英语考试阅读试题及答案详解2017年专八英语考试阅读试题及答案详解学习知识要善于思考、思考、再思考，我就是靠这个学习方法成为科学家的。

以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的2017年专八英语考试阅读试题及答案详解，希望能给大家带来帮助!The Young GenerationOld people are always saying that the young are not whatthey were. The same comment is made from generation togeneration and it is always true. It has never been truer than it istoday. The young are better educated. They have a lot moremoney to spend and enjoy more freedom. They grow up morequickly and are not so dependent on their parents. They thinkmore for themselves and do not blindly accept the ideals of theirelders. Events which the older generation remembers vividly arenothing more than past history. This is as it should be. Every new generation is different from theone that preceded it. Today the difference is very marked indeed.The old always assume that they know best for the simple reason that they have been around abit longer. They don’t like to feel that their values are being questioned or threatened. And this isprecisely what the young are doing. They are question the assumptions of their elders anddisturbing their complacency. Office hours, for instance, are nothing more than enforced slavery.Wouldn’t people work best if they were given c omplete freedom and responsibility? And whatabout clothing? Who said that all the men in the world should wear drab grey suits and convicthaircuts? If we ruin our minds to more serious matters, who said that human differences can bestbe solved through conventional politics or by violent means, who said that humandifference canbest be solved through conventional politics or by violent means? Why have the older generationso often used violence to solve their problems? Why are they so unhappy and guilt-ridden in theirpersonal lives, so obsessed with mean ambitions and the desire to amass more and more materialpossessions? Can anything be right with the rat-race? Haven’t the old lost touch with all that isimportant in life?These are not questions the older generation can shrug off lightly. Their record over the pastforty years or so hasn’t been exactly spotless. Traditionally, the young have turned to their eldersfor guidance. Today, the situation might be reversed. The old—if they are prepared to admitit—could learn a thing or two from their children. One of the biggest lessons they could learn is thatenjoyment is not ‘sinful’. Enjoyment is a principle one could apply to all aspects of life. It is surelynot wrong to enjoy your work and enjoy your leisure; to shed restricting inhibitions. It is surely notwrong to live in the present rather than in the past or future. This emphasis on the present is onlyto be expected because the young have grown up under the shadow of the bomb: the constantthreat of complete annihilation. This is their glorious heritage. Can we be surprised that they shouldso often question the sanity of the generation that bequeathed it?1. Which of the following features in the young is NOT mentioned?[A] Better educated. [B] More money and freedom.[C] Independence. [D] Hard work.2. What so the young reject most?[A] Values. [B] The assumption of the elders.[C] Conformity. [C] Conventional ideas.3. Why do the young stress on the present?[A] They have grown up under the shadow of the bomb.[B] They dislike the past.[C] They think the present world is the best.[D] They are afraid of destruction.4. What can the old learn from the young generation?[A] Enjoyment is not sinful. [B] People should have more leisure time.[C] Men might enjoy life. [D] One should enjoy one’s work.答案详解：1. D. 艰苦工作。

2017年专业英语八级考试试题及答案（2）

2017年专业英语八级考试试题及答案（2）28. Which of the following best describes the attitude of other people on the train towards the couple?[A] They regarded the couple as an object of fun.[B] They expressed indifference towards the couple.[C] They were very curious about the couple.[D] They showed friendliness towards the couple.29. Which of the following contains a metaphor?[A] ... like a man waiting in a barber's shop.[B] ... his countenance radiant with benevolence.[C] ... sweeping over the horizon, a precipice.[D] ... as darkly brilliant as the surface of a pool of oil.30. We can infer from the last paragraph that in the dining-car[A] the waiters were snobbish. [B] the couple felt ill at ease.[C] the service was satisfactory. [D] the couple enjoyed their dinner.PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGEThere are ten multiple-choice questions in this section.31. The northernmost part of Great Britain is[A] Northern Ireland. [B] Scotland. [C] England. [D] Wales.32. It is generally agreed that were the first Europeans to reach Australia's shores.[A] the French [B] the Germans [C] the British [D] the Dutch33. Which country is known as the Land of Maple Leaf?[A] Canada. [B] New Zealand.[C] Great Britain. [D] The United States of America.34. Who wrote the famous pamphlet, The Common Sense, before the American Revolution?[A] Thomas Jefferson. [B] Thomas Paine.[C] John Adams. [D] Benjamin Franklin.35. Virginia Woolf was an important female ______ in the 20th-century England.[A] poet [B] biographer [C] playwright [D] novelist36. ______ refers to a long narrative poem that records the adventures of a hero in a nation's history.[A] Ballad [B] Romance [C] Epic [D] Elegy37. Which of the following best explores American myth in the 20th century?[A] The Great Gatsby. [B] The Sun Also Rises.[C] The Sound and the Fury. [D] Beyond the Horizon.38. ______ is defined as the study of the relationship between language and mind.[A] Semantics [B] Pragmatics[C] Cognitive linguistics [D] Sociolinguistics39. A vowel is different from a consonant in English because of[A] absence of obstruction. [B] presence of obstruction.[C] manner of articulation. [D] place of articulation.40. The definition "the act of using, or promoting the use of, several languages, either by an individual speaker or by a community of speakers" refers to[A] Pidgin. [B] Creole.[C] Multilingualism. [D] Bilingualism.PART IV PROOFREADING &ERROR CORRECTIONPART V TRANSLATIONPART V TRANSLATIONTranslate the underlined part of the following text into English.现代社会无论价值的持有还是生活方式的选择都充满了矛盾。

17年专八英语考试阅读理解备考训练试题及拓展解析

17年专八英语考试阅读理解备考训练试题及拓展解析17年专八英语考试阅读理解备考训练试题及拓展解析人生是一个不断学习的过程，在这个漫长的过程中，我们学会了做人的道理，学会了如何生存，学会了享受这一切，但不是人人都享受这种漫长的学习。

以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的17年专八英语考试阅读理解备考训练试题及拓展解析，希望对正在关注的您有所帮助!The Only Way to Travel is on Foot精读原文：The past ages of man have all been carefully labeledby anthropologists. Descriptions like 'PalaeolithicMan', 'Neolithic Man', etc., neatly sum up wholeperiods. When the time comes for anthropologists to turn their attention to the twentiethcentury, they will surely choose the label'Legless Man'. Histories of the time will go somethinglike this: 'in the twentieth century, people forgot how to use their legs. Men and women movedabout in cars, buses and trains from a very early age. There were lifts and escalators in all largebuildings to prevent people from walking. This situation was forced upon earth dwellers of thattime because of miles each day. But the surprising thing is that they didn't use their legs evenwhen they went on holiday. They built cable railways, ski-lifts and roads to the top of everyhuge mountain. All the beauty spots on earth were marred by the presence of large car parks.'The future history books might also record that we were deprived of the use of our eyes. In ourhurry to get from one place to another, we failed to see anything on the way. Air travel givesyou a bird's-eye view of the world – or even less if the wing of the aircraft happens to get inyour way. When you travel by car or train a blurred image of the countryside constantlysmears thewindows. Car drivers, in particular, are forever obsessed with the urge to go onand on: they never want to stop. Is it the lure of the great motorways, or what? And as for seatravel, it hardly deserves mention. It is perfectly summed up in the words of the old song: 'Ijoined the navy to see the world, and what did I see? I saw the sea.' The typical twentieth-century traveler is the man who always says 'I've been there.'You mention the remotest, mostevocative place-names in the world like El Dorado, Kabul, Irkutsk and someone is bound to say'I've been there'–meaning, 'I drove through it at 100 miles an hour on the way to somewhereelse. ' When you travel at high speeds, the present means nothing: you live mainly in the futurebecause you spend most of your time looking forward to arriving at some other place. Butactual arrival, when it is achieved, is meaningless. You want to move on again. By traveling likethis, you suspend all experience; the present ceases to be a reality: you might just as well bedead. The traveler on foot, on the other hand, lives constantly in the present. For him travelingand arriving are one and the same thing: he arrives somewhere with every step he makes. Heexperiences the present moment with his eyes, his ears and the whole of his body. At the endof his journey he feels a delicious physical weariness. He knows that sound. Satisfying sleepwill be his: the just reward of all true travellers.【阅读练习题】1、Anthorpologists label nowaday's men 'Legless' becauseA people forget how to use his legs.B people prefer cars, buses and trains.C lifts and escalators prevent people from walking.D there are a lot of transportation devices.2、Travelling at high speed meansA people's focus on the future.B a pleasure.C satisfying drivers' great thrill.D a necessity of life.3、Why does the author say 'we are deprived of the use of our eyes' ?A People won't use their eyes.B In traveling at high speed, eyes become useless.C People can't see anything on his way of travel.D People want to sleep during travelling.4、What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage?A Legs become weaker.B Modern means of transportation make the world a small place.C There is no need to use eyes.D The best way to travel is on foot.5. What does 'a bird's-eye view' mean?A See view with bird's eyes.B A bird looks at a beautiful view.C It is a general view from a high position looking down.D A scenic place.【答案详解】1.A 人们忘了用脚。

英语专八阅读练习题及答案分析

英语专八阅读练习题及答案分析2017英语专八阅读练习题及答案分析引导语：想要提高英语阅读水平，要靠平时的多写多练，以下是店铺为大家整理的英语专八阅读练习题及答案分析，欢迎阅读!Passage oneCan electricity cause cancer? In a society that literally runs on electric power, the very idea seems preposterous. But for more than a decade, a growing band of scientists and journalists has pointed to studies that seem to link exposure to electromagnetic fields with increased risk of leukemia and other malignancies. The implications are unsettling, to say the least, since everyone comes into contact with such fields, which are generated by everything electrical, from power lines and antennas to personal computers and micro-wave ovens. Because evidence on the subject is inconclusive and often contradictory, it has been hard to decide whether concern about the health effects of electricity is legitimate—or the worst kind of paranoia.Now the alarmists have gained some qualified support from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. In the executive summary of a new scientific review, released in draft form late last week, the EPA has put forward what amounts to the most serious government warning to date. The agency tentatively concludes that scientific evidence “suggests a casual link” between extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields—those having very longwave-lengths—and leukemia, lymphoma and brain cancer, While the report falls short of classifying ELF fields as probable carcinogens, it does identify the common 60-hertz magnetic field as “a possible, but not proven, cause of cancer in humans.”The report is no reason to panic—or even to lost sleep. If there is a cancer risk, it is a small one. The evidence is still so controversial that the draft stirred a great deal of debate within the Bush Administration, and the EPA released it over strong objections from the Pentagon and the Whit House. But now no one can deny that the issue must be taken seriously and that much more research is needed.At the heart of the debate is a simple and well-understood physical phenomenon: When an electric current passes through a wire, tit generates an electromagnetic field that exerts forces on surrounding objects, For many years, scientists dismissed any suggestion that such forces might be harmful, primarily because they are so extraordinarily weak. The ELF magnetic field generated by a video terminal measures only a few milligauss, or about one-hundredth the strength of the earth’s own magnetic field, The electric fields surrounding a power line can be as high as 10 kilovolts per meter, but the corresponding field induced in human cells will be only about 1 millivolt per meter. This is far less than the electric fields that the cells themselves generate.How could such minuscule forces pose a health danger? The consensus used to be that they could not, and for decades scientists concentrated on more powerful kinds of radiation, like X-rays, that pack sufficient wallop to knock electrons out of the molecules that make up the human body. Such “ionizing” radiations have been clearly linked to increased cancer risks and there are regulations to control emissions.But epidemiological studies, which find statistical associations between sets of data, do not prove cause and effect. Though there is a body of laboratory work showing that exposure to ELF fields can have biological effects on animal tissues, amechanism by which those effects could lead to cancerous growths has never been found.The Pentagon is for from persuaded. In a blistering 33-page critique of the EPA report, Air Force scientists charge its authors with having “biased the entire document” toward proving a link. “Our reviewers are convinced that there is no suggestion that (electromagnetic fields) present in the environment induce or promote cancer,” the Air Force concludes. “It is astonishing that the EPA would lend its imprimatur on this report.” Then Pentagon’s concern is understandable. There is hardly a unit of the modern military that does not depend on the heavy use of some kind of electronic equipment, from huge ground-based radar towers to the defense systems built into every warship and plane.1. The main idea of this passage is ___________[A]. studies on the cause of cancer[B]. controversial view-points in the cause of cancer[C]. the relationship between electricity and cancer.[D]. different ideas about the effect of electricity on caner.2. The view-point of the EPA is ___________[A]. there is casual link between electricity and cancer.[B]. electricity really affects cancer.[C]. controversial.[D].low frequency electromagnetic field is a possible cause of cancer3. Why did the Pentagon and Whit House object to the release of the report? Because ___________[A]. it may stir a great deal of debate among the Bush Administration.[B]. every unit of the modern military has depended on theheavy use of some kind of electronic equipment.[C]. the Pentagon’s concern was understandable.[D]. they had different arguments.4. It can be inferred from physical phenomenon ___________[A]. the force of the electromagnetic field is too weak to be harmful.[B]. the force of the electromagnetic field is weaker than the electric field that the cells generate.[C]. electromagnetic field may affect health.[D]. only more powerful radiation can knock electron out of human body.5. What do you think ordinary citizens may do after reading the different arguments?[A].They are indifferent. [B]. They are worried very much.[C]. The may exercise prudent avoidance. [C]. They are shocked.Vocabulary1. preposterous 反常的，十分荒谬的，乖戾的2. leukemia 白血病3. malignancy 恶性肿瘤4. legitimate 合法的，合理的5. paranoia 偏执狂，妄想狂。

2017年英语专业八级考试参考答案

PartⅠ LISTENING COMPREHENSION SECTION A MINI-LECTURE 1. signing 2. primary 3. literacy 4. different but complementary 5. avoiding 6. many other contexts 7. characteristics/features 8. reaction 9. distance 10. emotion 11. deliberate 12. intimacy and immediacy 13. continuum 14. types of language 15. the usage SECTION B INTERVIEW 1. What is international leaders’ assessment of the current battle against Ebola? 答案：B. Disheartening. 2.How many people are now working in the treatment unit in Liberia? 答案：A. 200. 3.According to Mary, what is the challenge in the battle against Ebola? 答案：D. Insufficient operational efforts on the ground. 4.Why do health workers need case management protocol training? 答案：B. They can open up more treatment units. 5.What does this interview mainly talk about? 答案：C. Ebola outpacing operational efforts. 6.What is Tom’s main role in his new position? 答案：C. Using media information to inspire new ideas. 7.According to Tom, what does innovation require of people? 答案：B. Being brave and willing to take a risk 8.What does Tom see as game-changing chances in the future? 答案：B. Aiming at a consumer level. 9.What does Tom do first to deal with the toughest part of his work? 答案：D. Examining the future carefully. 10.Which of the following might Tom work for? 答案：A. A media agency. PartⅡ READING COMPREHENSION SECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS PASSAGE ONE 11. The first part of Para. 4 refers to the fact that . 答案：[A] life there is quiet and slow 12. “The lack of awareness” in Para. 5 refers to . 答案：［C］little knowledge of the beauty of the beach 13. The author uses “gloriously” in Para. 6 to. 答案：［C］contrast greenery with isolation 14. The sentence “We never ate the same thing twice” in Para. 10 reflects the of the seafood there. 答案：［D］variety 15. Which of the following themes is repeated in both Paras.1 and 11? 答案：［A］Publicity. PASSAGE TWO 16. It can be inferred from Paras.1 and 2 that teachers used to . 答案：［D］teach extended reading in a perfunctory way 17. The sentence “we all understand and instinctively feel narrative structure” in Para.4 indicates that. 答案：［C］we are born story-tellers 18. Samuel Johnson regards the relationship between a writer and a reader as (Para.5). 答案：［B］collaborative 19. In Para.7, the author sees “pre-reading” as the most important part of reading because . 答案：［C］it can attract students’ attention 20. “Textual Intervention” suggested by Rob Pope (in Para.8) is expected to fulfill all the following functions EXCEPT. 答案：［C］stretching the imagination PASSAGE THREE 21. According to the author, “national service” is comparable to “military training” because they both cultivate youngsters’ 答案：［B］self discipline 22. The author cites the example of his father in order to show . 答案：［A］the importance of discipline 23. According to the author, a national service program can bring the following benefits to America’s youngsters EXCEPT. 答案：［A］increase in income 24. According to the context, what does “the fire” refer to (Para. 14)? 答案：［B］Anger. SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (说明：简答题答案不，意思对即可。

英语专业八级阅读练习及答案参考

英语专业八级阅读练习及答案参考2017年英语专业八级阅读练习及答案参考攀登者智慧和汗水，构思着一首信念和意志的`长诗。

以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的2017年英语专业八级阅读练习及答案参考，希望能给大家带来帮助，He was an old man with a white beard and huge nose and hands. Long before the time during which we will know him, he was a doctor and drove a jaded white horse from house to house through the streets of Winesburg. Later he married a girl who had money. She had been left a large fertile farm when her father died. The girl was quiet, tall, and dark, and to many people she seemed very beautiful. Everyone in Winesburg wondered why she married the doctor. Within a year after the marriage she died.The knuckles of the doctor's hands were extraordinarily large. When the hands were closed they looked like clusters of unpainted wooden balls as large as walnuts fastened together by steel rods. He smoked a cob pipe and after his wife's death sat all day in his empty office close by a window that was covered with cobwebs. He never opened the window. Once on a hot day in August he tried but found it stuck fast and after that he forgot all about it.Winesburg had forgotten the old man, but in Doctor Reefy there were the seeds of something very fine. Alone in his musty office in the Heffner Block above the Paris Dry Goods Company's store, he worked ceaselessly, building up something that he himself destroyed. Little pyramids of truth he erected and after erecting knocked them down again that he might have the truths to erect other pyramids.Doctor Reefy was a tall man who had worn one suit of clothesfor ten years. It was frayed at the sleeves and little holes had appeared at the knees and elbows. In the office he wore also a linen duster with huge pockets into which he continually stuffed scraps of paper. After some weeks the scraps of paper became little hard round balls, and when the pockets were filled he dumped them out upon the floor. For ten years he had but one friend, another old man named John Spaniard who owned a tree nursery. Sometimes, in a playful mood, old Doctor Reefy took from his pockets a handful of the paper balls and threw them at the nursery man. "'That is to confound you, you blithering old sentimentalist," he cried, shaking with laughter.The story of Doctor Reefy and his courtship of the tall dark girl who became his wife and left her money to him is a very curious story. It is delicious, like the twisted little apples that grow in the orchards of Winesburg. In the fall one walks in the orchards and the ground is hard with frost underfoot. The apples have been taken from the trees by the pickers. They have been put in barrels and shipped to the cities where they will be eaten in apartments that are filled with books, magazines, furniture, and people. On the trees are only a few gnarled apples that the pickers have rejected. They look like the knuckles of Doctor Reefy' s hands. One nibbles at them and they are delicious. Into a little round place at the side of the apple has been gathered all of its sweetness. One runs from tree to tree over the frosted ground picking the gnarled, twisted apples and filling his pockets with them. Only the few know the sweetness of the twisted apples.The girl and Doctor Reefy began their courtship on a summer afternoon. He was forty-five then and already he had begun the practice of filling his pockets with the scraps of paper that became hard balls and were thrown away. The habit had beenformed as he sat in his buggy behind the jaded grey horse and went slowly along country roads. On the papers were written thoughts, ends of thoughts, beginnings of thoughts.One by one the mind of Doctor Reefy had made the thoughts. Out of many of them he formed a truth that arose gigantic in his mind. The truth clouded the world. It became terrible and then faded away and the little thoughts began again.The tall dark girl came to see Doctor Reefy because she was in the family way and had become frightened. She was in that condition because of a series of circumstances also curious.The death of her father and mother and the rich acres of land that had come down to her had set a train of suitors on her heels. For two years she saw suitors almost every evening. Except two they were all alike. They talked to her of passion and there was a strained eager quality in their voices and in their eyes when they looked at her. The two who were different were much unlike each other. One of them, a slender young man with white hands, the son of a jeweler in Winesburg, talked continually of virginity. When he was with her he was never off the subject. The other, a black-haired boy with large ears, said nothing at all but always managed to get her into the darkness, where he began to kiss her.For a time the tall dark girl thought she would marry the jeweler's son. For hours she sat in silence listening as he talked to her and then she began to be afraid of something. Beneath his talk of virginity she began to think there was a lust greater than in all the others. At times it seemed to her that as he talked he was holding her body in his hands. She imagined him turning it slowly about in the white hands and staring at it. At night she dreamed that he had bitten into her body and that his jaws weredripping. She had the dream three times, then she became in the family way to the one who said nothing at all but who in the moment of his passion actually did bite her shoulder so that for days the marks of his teeth showed.After the tall dark girl came to know Doctor Reefy it seemed to her that she never wanted to leave him again. She went into his office one morning and without her saying anything he seemed to know what had happened to her.In the office of the doctor there was a woman, the wife of the man who kept the bookstore in Winesburg. Like all old-fashioned country practitioners, Doctor Reefy pulled teeth, and the woman who waited held a handkerchief to her teeth and groaned. Her husband was with her and when the tooth was taken out they both screamed and blood ran down on the woman's white dress. The tall dark girl did not pay any attention. When the woman and the man had gone the doctor smiled. "I will take you driving into the country with me," he said.For several weeks the tall dark girl and the doctor were together almost every day. The condition that had brought her to him passed in an illness, but she was like one who has discovered the sweetness of the twisted apples, she could not get her mind fixed again upon the round perfect fruit that is eaten in the city apartments. In the fall after the beginning of her acquaintanceship with him she married Doctor Reefy and in the following spring she died. During the winter he read to her all of the odds and ends of thoughts he had scribbled on the bits of paper. After he had read them he laughed and stuffed them away in his pockets to become round hard balls.1.According to the story Doctor Reefy's life seems very __________.A. eccentricB. normalC. enjoyableD. optimistic2.The story tells us that the tall dark girl was in the family way. The phrase "in the family way" means____________.A. troubledB. PregnantC. twistedD. cheated3.Doctor Reef lives a ___________ life.A. happyB. miserableC. easy-goingD. reckless4. The tall dark girl's marriage to Doctor Reef proves to be a _____ one.A. transientB. understandableC. perfectD. funny5. Doctor Reef's paper balls probably symbolize his ______.A. eagerness to shut himself away from societyB. suppressed desire to communicate with peopleC. optimism about lifeD. cynical attitude towards life参考答案:A B B A B。

2017年英语专八考试阅读理解练习试题及答案

As Gilbert White，Darwin， and others observed long ago， all species appear to have the innate capacity to increase their numbers from generation to generation. The task for ecologists is to untangle the environmental and biological factors that hold this intrinsic capacity for population growth in check over the long run. The great variety of dynamic behaviors exhibited by different population makes this task more difficult： some populations remain roughly constant from year to year; others exhibit regular cycles of abundance and scarcity; still others vary wildly， with outbreaks and crashes that are in some cases plainly correlated with the weather， and in other cases not.To impose some order on this kaleidoscope of patterns， one school of thought proposes dividing populations into two groups. These ecologists posit that the relatively steady populations have density-dependent growth parameters; that is，rates of birth， death， and migration which depend strongly on population density. The highly varying populations have density-independent growth parameters， with vital rates buffeted by environmental events;these rates fluctuate in a way that is wholly independent of population density.This dichotomy has its uses， but it can cause problems if taken too literally. For one thing， no population can be driven entirely by density-independent factors all the time. No matter how severely or unpredictably birth， death， and migration rates may be fluctuating around their long-term averages， if there were no density-dependent effects， the population would， in the long run， either increase or decrease without bound (barring a miracle by which gains and losses canceled exactly)。

17年英语专八考试阅读题及答案

17年英语专八考试阅读题及答案17年英语专八考试阅读题及答案黑发不知勤学早，白首方悔读书迟。

以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的17年英语专八考试阅读题及答案，希望对正在关注的您有所帮助!Exploration on the Origin of ContinentsThe origin of continental nuclei has long been a puzzle.Theories advanced so far have generally failed to explain the firststep in continent growth, or have been subject to seriousobjections. It is the purpose of this article to examine thepossible role of the impact of large meteorites or asteroids in theproduction of continental nuclei. Unfortunately, the geologicalevolution of the Earth’s surface has had an obliterating effect onthe original composition and structure of the continents to such an extent that further terrestrialinvestigations have small chance of arriving at an unambiguous answer to the question ofcontinental origin. Paradoxically, clues to the origin and early history of the surface features of theEarth may be found on the Moon and planets, rather than on the Earth, because some of thesebodies appear to have had a much less active geological history. As a result, relatively primitivesurface features are preserved for study and analysis. In the case of both the Moon and Mars, it isgenerally concluded from the appearance of their heavily cratered surfaces that they have beensubjected to bombardment by large meteoroids during their geological history. Likewise, it wouldappear a reasonable hypothesis that the Earth has also been subjected to meteoroidbombardment in the past, and that very large bodies struck the Earth early in its geologicalhistory.The large crater on the Moon listed by Baldwin has adiameter of 285 km. However, if weaccept the hypotheses of formation of some of the mare basins by impact, the maximum lunarimpact crater diameter is probably as large as 650km. Based on a lunar analogy, one might expectseveral impact craters of at least 500km diameter to have been formed on Earth. By applyingBaldwin’s equation, the depth of such a c rater should be about 20km. Baldwin admits that hisequation gives excessive depths for large craters so that the actual depth should be somewhatsmaller. Based on the measured depth of smaller lunar crater. Baldwin’s equation gives the depth ofthe zone of brecciation for such a crater as about 75km. The plasticity of the Earth’s mantle at thedepth makes it impossible to speak of “bracciation” in the usual sense. However, local stresses maybe temporarily sustained at that depth, as shown by the existence of deep-focus earthquakes.Thus, short-term effects might be expected to a depth of more than 50km in the mantle.Even without knowing the precise effects, there is little doubt that the formation of a 500-km crater would be a major geological event. Numerous authors have considered the geologicalimplications of such an event. Donn et al. have, for example, called on the impact of continent-sizebodies of sialic composition to from the original continents. Two major difficulties inherent in thisconcept are the lack of any known sialic meteorites, and the high probability that the energy ofimpact would result in a wide dissemination of sialic material, rather than its concentration at thepoint of impact.Gilvarry, on the other hand, called on meteoroid impact to explain the production of oceanbasins. The major difficulties with this model are that the morphology of most of the ocean basinsis not consistent with impact, and that the origin and growth ofcontinents is not adequatelyexplained.We agree with Donn at al. that the impact of large meteorites or asteroids may havecaused continent formation, but would rather think in terms of the localized addition of energy tothe system, rather than in terms of the addition of actual sialic material.1. A mare basin is[A] a formula for determining the relationship between the depth and width of craters.[B] a valley that is filled in when a spatial body has impact with the moon or the earth.[C] a planetoid (small planet) created when a meteorite, upon striking the moon, breaks off a partof the moon.[D] a dark spot on the moon, once supposed to be a sea, nowa plain.2. The writer does not believe that[A] an asteroid is larger than a meteorite.[B] material from space, upon hitting the earth, was eventually distributed.[C] the earth, at one time, had craters.[D] ocean were formerly craters.3. The article is primarily concerned with[A] the origin of continents.[B] the relationship between astral phenomena and the moon.[C] differences of opinion among authoritative geologists.[D] the relationship between asteroids and meteorites.4. Sialic material refers to[A] the broken rock resulting from the impact of a meteorite against the earth.[B] material that exists on planets other than the earth.[C] a composite of rock typical of continental areas of the earth.[D] material that is man-made to simulate materials that existed far back in geological history.答案详解：1. D. 是月球上的一个黑点，一度认识是海，现在知道是平原。

2017年专业英语八级真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2017年专业英语八级真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 1. LISTENING COMPREHENSION 2. READING COMPREHENSION 3. LANGUAGE USAGE 4. TRANSLATION 5. WRITINGPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.听力原文：The Modes of Language Good morning, everyone! In our last lecture, I was talking about language as part of our semiotic system, and today I am going to move onto another topic. That is, the modes of language. As you may know, messages are transmitted in human language most frequently through two primary modes: speech and writing. Well, you know that there is also a third mode, which is not that frequently used as speech and writing. The third mode is called signing, which is used by deaf people. But in today’s lecture we will just focus on speech and writing, and specific features of these two modes. In linguistics, it is commonly noted that speech is primary and writing secondary. Linguists take this position because all languages are spoken, except those dead languages such as Latin, which is only existing in written form All children will naturally acquire the spoken version of a language if they are exposed to it They acquire the spoken form of their mother tongue during the formative period of language acquisition. However, to become literate, a child will need some kind of formal schooling in reading and writing. In many respects, we may call speech “primary” and writing “secondary”. It implies that writing has a second-class status when compared with speech. In fact, it is more accurate to view the two modes as having different but complementary roles. For instance, in most legal systems, while an oral contract is legally binding, a written contract is preferred. The reason is simple: unlike speech, writing provides a permanent record of the contract. Thus, if the terms of the contract are disputed, the written record of the contract can be consulted and interpreted. Disputes over an oral contract will involve one person’s recollection of the contract versus another person’s. While, writing may be the preferred mode for a contract, in many other contexts, speech will be more appropriate. Because the most common type of speech —face-to-face conversations —is highly interactive, this mode is well suited to many social contexts: such as casual conversations over lunch, business transactions in a grocery store, discussions between students and teachers in a classroom. And in these contexts, interactive dialogues have many advantages over writing. For instance, individuals engaged in conversation can ask for immediate clarification if there is aquestion about something said: in a letter to a friend, in contrast, such immediacy is lacking. When speaking to one another, speakers are face to face and can therefore see how individuals react to what is said. On the other hand, writing creates distance between writer and reader, preventing the writer from getting any immediate reaction from the reader. Speech is oral, thus making it possible to use intonation to emphasize words or phrases and express emotion. Of course, one might say that writing has punctuation: well, it can express only a small proportion of the features that intonation has. Because speech is created “on-line,” it is produced quickly and easily. This may result in many “ungrammatical”constructions, but rarely do these rough sentences cause miscommunications. You know, if there is a misunderstanding, it can be easily corrected. On the contrary, writing is much more deliberate. It requires planning, editing and thus taking much more time to produce on the part of the writer. Because of all of these characteristics of writing, if an individual desires a casual, intimate encounter with a friend, he or she is more likely to meet personally than write a letter. In this case, writing a letter to a friend might turn out to be too formal. Of course, in today’s world, the highly developed technology has made such encounters possible with “instant messaging”, over a computer or a smartphone. And if someone wishes to have such an encounter with a friend living many miles away, then this kind of on-line written “chat”can mimic a face-to-face conversation. But because such conversations are a hybrid of speech and writing, they still lack the intimacy and immediacy of a face-to-face conversation. While speech and writing are often viewed as discrete modes, it is important for us to note that there is a continuum between speech and writing. While speech is in general more interactive than writing, various kinds of spoken and written English display various degrees of interactivity. For instance, various linguistic markers of interactive discourse such as first and second person pronouns, contractions, and private verbs such as think and feel, occurred very frequently in telephone and face-to-face conversations but less frequently in spontaneous speeches, interviews, and broadcasts. In addition, some kinds of writing, such as academic prose and official documents, exhibited few markers of interactive discourse, but other kinds of written texts, particularly personal letters, ranked higher on the scale of interactivity than many of the spoken texts. In other words, how language is structured depends less on whether it is spoken or written but more on how it is being used. For example, a personal letter, even though it is written, will contain linguistic features marking interactivity because the writer of a letter wishes to interact with the receiver of the letter. On the other hand, in an interview, the goal is not to interact necessarily but to get information from the person being interviewed. Therefore, though interviews are spoken, they have fewer markers of interactivity and contain more features typically associated with written texts. OK, to sum up, we have been dealing with the modes of language in today’s lecture. The two most frequently used modes are speech and writing. As two different modes of language, speech and writing, have their own characteristics. Speech is a preferred mode in many social contexts while interactivity is needed. Of course, when a formal, stable record is preferred, writing should be an appropriate mode. Finally, I have also emphasized that there is a continuum between speech and writing. In the followinglecture, we will concentrate on the linguistic structure of language. Thank you.The Modes of LanguageThree modes of language speech writing 【T1】______【T1】______Speech and writing speech is considered【T2】______ because【T2】______—all languages are spoken—children acquire spoken language first—【T3】______ requires reading and writing【T3】______ speech and writing have【T4】______ roles【T4】______—legal contracts are written for- providing permanent records-【T5】______disputes over oral contracts【T5】______ speech is more appropriate in【T6】______【T6】______—face-to-face casual conversations —business transactions in stores—discussions in a classroom 【T7】______of speech and writing【T7】______—immediate clarification in speech—visible【T8】______in conversation【T8】______—sense of【T9】______in writing【T9】______—use of intonation to express【T10】______【T10】______—writing seen to be more【T11】______【T11】______—lack of【T12】______ in on-line written “chat”【T12】______ 【T13】______ between speech and writing【T13】______—linguistic markers of interactivity vary with【T14】______【T14】______—how language is structured depends more on【T15】______【T15】______ConclusionAs two different modes of language, speech and writing have their own characteristics.1．【T1】正确答案：signing解析：讲座开篇部分提到了语言的三种模式(mode)，除口语(speech)和书面语(writing)外就是失聪人士用的“手语”(signing)。

2017年专业英语八级阅读训练试题及答案：WomenandFashions

Women and FashionsWhenever you see an old film, even one made as little as ten years ago, you cannot help being struck by the appearance of the women taking part. Their hair-styles and make-up look dated; their skirts look either too long or too short; their general appearance is, in fact, slightly ludicrous. The men taking part in the film, on the other hand, are clearly recognizable. There is nothing about their appearance to suggest that they belong to an entirely different age.This illusion is created by changing fashions. Over the year, the great majority of men have successfully resisted all attempts to make them change their style of dress. The same cannot be said for women. Each year a few so- called top designers in Paris or London lay down the law and women the whole world over rush to obey. The decrees of the designers are unpredictable and dictatorial. This year, they decide in their arbitrary fashion, skirts will be short and waists will be high; zips are in and buttons are out. Next year the law is reversed and far from taking exception, no one is even mildly surprised.If women are mercilessly exploited year after year, they have only themselves to blame. Because they shudder at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are annually black-mailed by the designers and the big stores. Clothes, which have been worn, only a few times have to be discarded because of the dictates of fashion. When you come to think of it, only a women is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.Changing fashions are nothing more than the deliberate creation of waste. Many women squander vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn. Women, who cannot afford to discard clothing in this way, waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have. Hem-limes are taken up or let down; waist-lines are taken in or let out; neck-lines are lowered or raised, and so on.No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability. They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort, providing they look right. There can hardly be a man who hasn’t at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shivering in a flimsy dress on a wintry day, or delicately picking her way through deep snow in dainty shoes.When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are obvious. Do the constantly changing fashions of women’s clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of fickleness and instability? Men are too sensible to let themselves be bullied by fashion designers. Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability? That is for you to decide.1. The main idea of this passage is[A] New fashions in clothes reflect the qualities of women.[B] New fashions in clothing are created solely for commercial exploitation of women.[C] The top designers seem to have the right to creating new fashion.[D] Men have the basic quality of reliability.2. Why do the general appearance of actresses look ludicrous?[A] Because they want their appearance in the fashion.[B] Because the top designers want them to follow the fashion.[C] Because the top designers want them to make fashion.[D] Because the top designers want them to lead the fashion.3. Why are women mercilessly exploited by the fashion designers?[A] They love new fashion. [B] They love new clothes.[C] They want to look beautiful. [D] They are too vain.4. What are fashion designers interested in?[A] Outward appearance. [B] Comfort.[C] Beauty. [D] Durability.答案详解：1. B. 创制新时装就是对妇⼥的商业性剥削。

2017年专业英语八级阅读训练试题及答案：ASenseofHumor

A Sense of HumorBiologically, there is only one quality which distinguishes usfrom animals: the ability to laugh. In a universe which appears tobe utterly devoid of humor, we enjoy this supreme luxury. Andit is a luxury, for unlike any other bodily process, laughter doesnot seem to serve a biologically useful purpose. In a divideworld, laughter is a unifying force. Human beings oppose eachother on a great many issues. Nations may disagree aboutsystems of government and human relations may be plaguedby ideological factions and political camps, but we all share the ability to laugh. And laughter, inturn, depends on that most complex and subtle of all human qualities: a sense of humor Certaincomic stereotypes have a universal appeal. This can best be seen from the world-wide popularity ofCharlie Chaplin’s early films. The little man at odds with society never fails to amuse no matterwhich country we come from. As that great commentator on human affairs, Dr. Samuel Johnson,once remarked, ‘Men have been wise in very different modes; but they have always laughed in thesame way.’A sense of humor may take various forms and laughter may be anything from a refined tingle toan earth quaking roar, but the effect is always the same. Humor helps us to maintain a correctsense of values. It is the one quality which political fanatics appear to lack. If we can see the funnyside, we never make the mistake of taking ourselves too seriously. We are always reminded thattragedy is not really far removed from comedy, so we never get a lop sided view of things.This is one of the chief functions of satire and irony. Human pain and suffering are so grim; wehover so often on the brink of war; political realities are usually enough to plunge us into totaldespair. In such circumstances, cartoons and satirical accounts of somber political events redressthe balance. They take the wind out of pompous and arrogant politicians who have lost their senseof proportion. They enable us to see that many of our most profound actions are merely comic orabsurd. We laugh when a great satirist like Swift writes about war in Gulliver’s Travels. TheLilliputians and their neighbors attack each other because they can’t agree which end to break anegg. We laugh because we meant to laugh; but we are meant to weep too. It is too powerful aweapon to be allowed to flourish.The sense of humor must be singled out as man’s most important quality because it is associatedwith laughter. And laughter, in turn, is associated with happiness. Courage, determination, initiative– these are qualities we share with other forms of life. But the sense of humor is uniquely human. Ifhappiness is one of the great goals of life, then it is the sense of humor that provides the key.1. The most important of all human qualities is[A] a sense of humor.[B] A sense of satire.[C] A sense of laughter.[D] A sense of history.2. The author mentions about Charlie Chaplin’s early films because[A] they can amuse people.[B] Human beings are different from animals.[C] They show that certain comic stereotypes have a universal appeal.[D] They show that people have the same ability to laugh.3. One of the chief functions of irony and satire is[A] to show absurdity of actions.[B] to redress balance.[C] to take the wind out of politicians.[D] to show too much grimness in the world.4. What do we learn from the sentence ‘it is too powerful a weapon to be allowed to flourish intotalitarian regimes?’[A] It can reveal the truth of political events with satire.[B] It can arouse people to riot.[C] It shows tragedy and comedy are related.[D] It can make people laugh.5. Who is Swift?[A] A novelist.[B] A poet.[C] A dramatist.[D] A essayist.答案详解：1. A 幽默感。

2017英语专八真题答案及解析

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[单选题] *A.Have fun.B.Not reallyC.Sounds good(正确答案)D.Not at all11.Hurry up,or we’ll( ) class. [单选题] *A.be late for(正确答案)te forte withD.be late with12..I hope Tom will arrive( ) to attend the meeting. [单选题] *A.in timesB.on time(正确答案)C.at timesD.from time to time13. -What' s your plan for this afternoon? -( ). [单选题] *A.It' s his planB.I have no idea(正确答案)C.Good idea.D.Sorry, I can' t.14. --__________－It's $20. ( ). [单选题] *A.How are you?B.How much is it?(正确答案)C. What color is it?D. How long is it?15.–Hello, could I speak to Jim Smith?( ) [单选题] *A. Who are you?B.I have no time.C.Can I take a message?D.This is Jim speaking.(正确答案)16.She ( )So much ( )her mother. [单选题] *A.looks;like(正确答案)B.looks;forC.looks;afterD.looks forwards;to17.The bookstore is far away.You'd better( ) the subway. [单选题] *A.sitB.take(正确答案)C.missD.get18. Last week, my four-year-old sister, Sally,( ) to a children's party [单选题] *A.was invited(正确答案)B.invitedC.will inviteD.will be invited19.There ( ) forty students in my class. [单选题] *A.isB.are(正确答案)C.amD.was20.Mary ( )math. [单选题] *A.is good at(正确答案)B.do well inC.is good forD.is good with21. -What do you think of your school?( )( ) [单选题] *A.Very beautiful.(正确答案)B.Sorry.C. Very well.D.With pleasure.22. -May I take your order now?( ) [单选题] *A.No, my affairs are in order.B.No, I don't eat meat.C. Yes, I'd like a dish of chicken.(正确答案)D.Yes, we soldiers must obey orders.23.—Oh , I can’t find my suitcase[旅行箱] . Where can I find it?—You can find it at the( ). [单选题] *A.A(正确答案)B.BC.CD.D24.Jenny,what's your favorite( )-I like peaches best. [单选题] *A.fruit(正确答案)B.vegetablesC.drinkD.plants25. -Excuse me, is this your umbrella?-No, it' s not mine. It's ( ). [单选题] *A.heB. his(正确答案)C. himD.himself »ft26. Don't just believe the advertisement. That medicine is ( ) it says. 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[单选题] *A.doneB.did(正确答案)C.doD.does35.-I can't watch TV after school.一-I can't,( ) [单选题] *A.alsoB.tooC.either(正确答案)D.so36.Our teacher was very happy because ( )failed the exam. [单选题] *A.somebodyB.anybodyC.nobody(正确答案)D.everybody37.It took me two weeks ( )reading the novels written by Guo Jingming. [单选题] *A.finishB.to finish(正确答案)C.finishesD.finishing38.---____________does Wang Han do?-He is a doctor. [单选题] *A.HowB.WhichC.WhereD.What(正确答案)39. Japanese ( ) in every country. [单选题] *A. is not spoken(正确答案)B. are spokenC. is speakingD. is not speaking40. -How many apples do you want? - ( ). [单选题] *A. 2 yuan a kilo. It' s on sale now.B.I' ll take 5 kilos.(正确答案)C.It' s fiveD.It' s too expensive41.-It' s hot today. Why not go for a swim?--.Let's go. ( ) [单选题] *A.Good idea.(正确答案)B.That' s right.C.Not at all.D. Well done42.. His new book ( ) next month. [单选题] *A.will be published(正确答案)B. is publishingC. is being publishedD.has been published43.-Can I get you a cup of coffee?( ) [单选题] *A.I don't take sugar, thank you.B.That’s very kind of you.(正确答案)C.You can, please.D.Thank you for the coffee.44. Do you often watch the evening news ( ) TV? [单选题] *A.on(正确答案)B.byC.inD.with45.-I think Ma Lin will win the next World Cup. --( ).I think Wang Hao will be the winner. [单选题] *A.I hope so.B.I don't think so.(正确答案)C.It's a pity.D.It doesn't matter.46.The news is( ) We are all( ) at it. [单选题] *A.exciting;excited(正确答案)B.excited;excitingC.exciting;excitingD.excited;excited47.I will ( )at the school gate. [单选题] *A.pick you up(正确答案)B.pick up youC.pick you outD.pick out you48.[阅读理解]Australia is the greatest island in the world．It is to the south of the equator(赤道). So when it is summer in our country, it is cold winter in Australia. Australia is big, but the population there is thin. The population is the same as that of Shanghai, a city of China. Australia is a young and diverse(多样性的) nation and Australian people come from many different countries．Australia has many sheep. After a short drive from town, you will see sheep around you. You can also find kangaroo has a “bag” below its chest. The mother kangaroo keeps its baby in the “bag”.Australia is considered to be a relaxed, informal society. When greeting others, students and young people say “Hello” or “Hi”. Sometimes they will say “How's it going?” or “Good day”.In more formal situations they usually shake hands the first time they meet．“Good morning”,“Good afternoon” or “Pleased to meet you” are formal greetings. English is Australia's national language.(1).单选题Australia has the same population as ( ). [单选题] *A.Shanghai(正确答案)B.ChinaC.BeijingD.Japan(2).单选题When Australia people meet for the first time, they will ( ). [单选题] *A.kiss each otherB.hug each otherC.nod head to othersD.shake hands(正确答案)(3).单选题When it is summer in Australia, it is ( ) in China. [单选题] *A.SpringB.autumnC.winter(正确答案)D.summer。

专八英语考试阅读练习及答案解析

专八英语考试阅读练习及答案解析2017年专八英语考试阅读练习及答案解析学如逆水行舟,不进则退。

以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的2017年专八英语考试阅读练习及答案解析，希望对正在关注的您有所帮助!Passage Twenty (NCB in Interpol)The organization known to the world as Interpol has sometimes been described as an outfit of chisel-jawed gimlet-eyed crime fighters who put their lives in jeopardy every working hour.Less flatteringly, Interpol has also been described as a huge filing cabinet, stuffed with clerks choking on their own statistics.As with most generalities, there is some truth in both statements.There are, certainly, some grim battlers of crime to be found working with Interpol.There are, just as surely, those drones shuffling mountains of paper whose cheeks are sallow from indoor life.Consider the charisma of the name alone: INTERPOL, the international police force.Continents leaped in a single bound, oceans crossed in the space of a breath, villains watched by eyes that never sleep.Surprisingly, a lot of it happens almost that way.Four groups coordinate and direct the activities of Interpol.One of them is the National Central Bureaus, or NCBs, bodies designated by the member nations to serve as their link with Interpol.These are the front-line troops, the action people.IN the United States, the Treasury Department is the National Central Bureau.In the United Kingdom, it is Scotland Yard; the Questura in Italy and the Melbourne City Police in Australia.Because police organization varies from country, the NCBs were established to act as the one special group to handle Interpol chores and unsure maximum cooperation betweennations.Each NCB is usually an official government body with police powers if a country has only one central police authority, that body becomes the National Centre Bureau.Of course, any service appointed as an NCB is bound to its nation’s law and authority and retains its national title.Each NCB is connected by radio to the regional station for its geographic zone.The regional stations are connected to the Central Station in France.The radio network is work stations can monitor the Central station or any regional station.Because of this messages can be broadcast to more than one station at a time.A coding system determines the urgency of each message so that those with high priority can be given precedence.Besides, other communication tools, such as radio-teleprinters and phototelegraphy equipment.Permit rapid transfers of fingerprints and photographs.Sometimes ever more advanced technology is employed.When the police all over the world were looking for a Canadian named George Leray, they turned to the Early Bird Satellite.Leray had led his gang on a daring holdup of a Montreal bank and gotten away with $4 million.Scotland Yard broadcast Leray’s phot o to the world by satellite.An American who saw the picture in Florida recognized Leray as a man who was living on a yacht in Fort Lauderdale under an assumed name.The police were alerted and arrested Leray.1.What is the best title for this passage?[A]The Function of the Interpol.[B]The Quality of the Interpol.[C]The Organization of the Interpol.[D]The Rapid Development of the Interpol.2.The organization of this passage is ___________[A]general to specific.[B]cause and effect.[C]comparison and contrast.[D]development.3.The sentence “stuffed with clerks choking on their own statistics” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to ___________[A]a lot of employees busying in their work.[B]many office workers busying with various documents.[C]crowded with office workers busying with their own collected data.[D]workers busying in their own information.4.Which is the easiest tool to communicate?[A]Satellite.[B]Radio.[B]Teleprinter.[D]Phototelegraphy.Vocabulary1.Interpol 国际刑警组织2.outfit 全班人马，有组织团体3.chisel-jawed 仪表英俊的4.gimlet-eyed 目光锐利的5.jeopardy 危险6.flatteringly 奉承7.choke 闷死choking on their own statistics 被自己的统计数字弄的喘不过气来8.as with most generalities 和大多数笼统说法一样9.grim 冷酷的10.drone 懒汉，懒洋洋的人11.shuffle 反复挪动，乱翻，洗(纸牌)12.charisma 超凡的魅力13.National Central Bureaus 国家中心局14.Treasury Department 财政部(美)15.Questura 警察局(意)16.Melbourne 墨尔本警察局17.chore 日常零星工作18.to be bound to 受……的约束，义务，一定……19.geographic zone 地区，地带20.versatile 有多方面用途的21.radio-teleprinter 无线电打印机22.phototelegraph 传真23.daring 大胆的24.holdup 抢劫25.alert 使警惕，使处于待命状态难句译注1.The organization known to the world as Interpol has sometimes been described as an outfit of chisel-jawed gimlet-eyed crime fighters who put their lives in jeopardy every working hour.Less flatteringly, Interpol has also been described as a huge filing cabinet, stuffed with clerks choking on their own statistics.[结构简析] 两个句子都是被动语气，都有分词短语。

英语专八考试阅读模拟练习及答案

英语专八考试阅读模拟练习及答案2017年英语专八考试阅读模拟练习及答案世界上没有天生聪明的人,要想变聪明,就要用勤奋和努力去换取.以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的2017年英语专八考试阅读模拟练习及答案，希望能给大家带来帮助!Many objects in daily use have clearly been influenced by science, but their form and function, their dimensions and appearance, were determined by technologists, artisans, designers, inventors, and engineers ?D using nonscientific modes of thought. Many features and qualities of the objects that a technologist thinks about cannot be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions; they are dealt with in the mind by a visual, nonverbal process. In the development of Western technology, it has been nonverbal thinking, by and large, that has fixed the outlines and filled in the details of our material surroundings. Pyramids, cathedrals, and rockets exist not because of geometry or thermodynamics, but because they were first a picture in the minds of those who built them.The creative shaping process of a technologist’s mind can be seen in nearly every artifact that exists. For example, in designing a diesel engine, a technologist might impress individual ways of nonverbal thinking on the machine by continually using an intuitive sense of rightness and fitness. What would be the shape of the combustion chamber? Where should be valves be placed? Should it have a long or short piston? Such questions have a range of answers that are supplied by experience, by physical requirements, by limitations of available space, and not least by a sense of form. Some decisions such as wall thickness and pin diameter may depend on scientificcalculations, but the nonscientific component of design remains primary.Design courses, then, should be an essential element in engineering curricula. Nonverbal thinking, a central mechanism in engineering design, involves perceptions, the stock-in-trade of the artist, not the scientist. Because perceptive processes are not assumed to entail hard thinking，nonverbal thought is sometimes seen as a primitive stage in the development of cognitive processes and inferior to verbal or mathematical thought. But it is paradoxical that when the staff of the Historic American Engineering Record wished to have drawings made of machines and isometric views of industrial processes for its historical record of American engineering, the only college students with the requisite abilities were not engineering students, but rather students attending architectural schools.If courses in design, which in a strongly analytical engineering curriculum provide the background required for practical problem-solving, are not provided, we can expect to encounter silly but costly errors occurring in advanced engineering systems. For example, early models of high-speed railroad cars loaded with sophisticated controls were unable to operate in a snowstorm because a fan sucked snow into the electrical system. Absurd random failures that plague automatic control systems are not merely trivial aberrations; they are a reflection of the chaos that results when design is assumed to be primarily a problem in mathematics.1.In the text, the author is primarily concerned with[A] Identifying the kinds of thinking that is used by technologists.[B] Stressing the importance of nonverbal thinking inengineering design.[C] Proposing a new role for nonscientific thinking in the development of technology.[D] Contrasting the goals of engineers with those of technologists.2. It can be inferred that the author thinks engineering curricula are[A] Strengthened when they include courses in design.[B] Weakened by the substitution of physical science courses for courses designed to develop mathematical skills.[C] Strong because nonverbal thinking is still emphasized by most of the courses.[D] Strong despite the errors those graduates of such curricula have made in the development of automatic control systems.3.Which of the following statements best illustrates the main point of the first two paragraphs of the text?[A] When a machine like a rotary engine malfunctions, it is the technologist who is best equipped to repair it.[B] Each component of an automobile? D for example, the engine or the fuel tank? D has a shape that has been scientifically determined to be best suited to that component’s function.[C] A telephone is a complex instrument designed by technologists using only nonverbal thought.[D] The distinctive features of a suspension bridge reflect its designer''s conceptualization as well as the physical requirements of its site.4.Which of the following statements would best serve as an introduction to the text?[A] The assumption that the knowledge incorporated intechnological developments must be derived from science ignores the many nonscientific decisions made by technologists.[B] Analytical thought is no longer a vital component in the success of technological development.[C] As knowledge of technology has increased, the tendency has been to lose sight of the important role played by scientific thought in making decisions about form, arrangement, and texture.[D] A movement in engineering colleges toward a technician’s degree reflects a demand for graduates who have the nonverbal reasoning ability that was once common among engineers.5. The author calls the predicament faced by the Historic American Engineering Record paradoxical (line 6, paragraph 3) most probably because[A] The publication needed drawings that its own staff could not make.[B] Architectural schools offered but did not require engineering design courses for their students.[C] College students were qualified to make the drawings while practicing engineers were not.[D] Engineering students were not trained to make the type of drawings needed to record the development of their own discipline.答案与考点解析1.「答案」B「考点解析」这是一道中心主旨题。

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2017年英语专八阅读理解考前练习试题及答案Many objects in daily use have clearly been influenced by science, but their form and function, their dimensions and appearance, were determined by technologists, artisans, designers, inventors, and engineers ?D using nonscientific modes of thought. Many features and qualities of the objects that a technologist thinks about cannot be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions; they are dealt with in the mind by a visual, nonverbal process. In the development of Western technology, it has been nonverbal thinking, by and large, that has fixed the outlines and filled in the details of our material surroundings. Pyramids, cathedrals, and rockets exist not because of geometry or thermodynamics, but because they were first a picture in the minds of those who built them.The creative shaping process of a technologist’s mind can be seen in nearly every artifact that exists. For example, in designing a diesel engine, a technologist might impressindividual ways of nonverbal thinking on the machine by continually using an intuitive sense of rightness and fitness. What would be the shape of the combustion chamber? Where should be valves be placed? Should it have a long or short piston? Such questions have a range of answers that are supplied by experience, by physical requirements, by limitations of available space, and not least by a sense of form. Some decisions such as wall thickness and pin diameter may depend on scientific calculations, but the nonscientific component of design remains primary.Design courses, then, should be an essential element in engineering curricula. Nonverbal thinking, a central mechanism in engineering design, involves perceptions, the stock-in-trade of the artist, not the scientist. Because perceptive processes are not assumed to entail hard thinking，nonverbal thought is sometimes seen as a primitive stage in the development of cognitive processes and inferior to verbal or mathematical thought. But it is paradoxical that when the staff of the Historic American Engineering Record wished to have drawings made of machines and isometric views of industrial processes for its historical record of American engineering, the only college students with the requisiteabilities were not engineering students, but rather students attending architectural schools.If courses in design, which in a strongly analytical engineering curriculum provide the background required for practical problem-solving, are not provided, we can expect to encounter silly but costly errors occurring in advanced engineering systems. For example, early models of high-speed railroad cars loaded with sophisticated controls were unable to operate in a snowstorm because a fan sucked snow into the electrical system. Absurd random failures that plague automatic control systems are not merely trivial aberrations; they are a reflection of the chaos that results when design is assumed to be primarily a problem in mathematics.1.In the text, the author is primarily concerned with[A] Identifying the kinds of thinking that is used by technologists.[B] Stressing the importance of nonverbal thinking in engineering design.[C] Proposing a new role for nonscientific thinking in the development of technology.[D] Contrasting the goals of engineers with those of technologists.2. It can be inferred that the author thinks engineering curricula are[A] Strengthened when they include courses in design.[B] Weakened by the substitution of physical science courses for courses designed to develop mathematical skills.[C] Strong because nonverbal thinking is still emphasized by most of the courses.[D] Strong despite the errors those graduates of such curricula have made in the development of automatic control systems.3.Which of the following statements best illustrates the main point of the first two paragraphs of the text?[A] When a machine like a rotary engine malfunctions, it is the technologist who is best equipped to repair it.[B] Each component of an automobile? D for example, the engine or the fuel tank? D has a shape that has been scientifically determined to be best suited to that component’s function.[C] A telephone is a complex instrument designed by technologists using only nonverbal thought.[D] The distinctive features of a suspension bridge reflect its designer''s conceptualization as well as the physicalrequirements of its site.4.Which of the following statements would best serve as an introduction to the text?[A] The assumption that the knowledge incorporated in technological developments must be derived from science ignores the many nonscientific decisions made by technologists.[B] Analytical thought is no longer a vital component in the success of technological development.[C] As knowledge of technology has increased, the tendency has been to lose sight of the important role played by scientific thought in making decisions about form, arrangement, and texture.[D] A movement in engineering colleges toward a technician’s degree reflects a demand for graduates who have the nonverbal reasoning ability that was once common among engineers.5. The author calls the predicament faced by the Historic American Engineering Record paradoxical (line 6, paragraph 3) most probably because[A] The publication needed drawings that its own staff could not make.[B] Architectural schools offered but did not require engineering design courses for their students.[C] College students were qualified to make the drawings while practicing engineers were not.[D] Engineering students were not trained to make the type of drawings needed to record the development of their own discipline.答案与考点解析1.「答案」B「考点解析」这是一道中心主旨题。